Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, December 31, 1902, Image 1
THE NATIONAL BANK OF AUGUSTA
L. C. HAYNS, Pre?'t F. O. FORD, Cashier.
Capital, $250,000. f j
Surplus and ) <h 1 AC AAA
Undivided Profits J M> I ? J,Vl/l/
I Facilities of oar magnificent New Yaoltl
joontalnlng 410 Safety-Cocfc Boxei. Differ-1
lent Sizes are offered to oar patrons and I
I tao pu bile ai 83.00 to 910.00 jer ?rmnTri
VOL. LXVIII.
Chinese Press i
in America,
By Charles F. Holder.
N roaming through the famous
Chinatown of San Francisco, its
lanes and alleys, the stroller -will
perhaps observe over a narrow
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lassen?AB*??
Fing Kui Ca
Virait nits'UK?tiWfi**
VU ' ."IM? .
hiiUt^truiaaK?tifiii
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Tt5(S??15
A SAN FRANCISCO
. door a mys.ical sign, and beneath lt
the words C?uhg-s??-Yat-Po, the daily
newspaper; and if curious be may as
cend the narrow stair and reach the
editorial and other rooms of one of the
several Chinese papers published in
this Chinese-American city. Little Can
ton, as lt is sometimes called. This pa
per was first started as a weekly, but
was changed to a daily, and is now
an influential organ of what might
be termed the Americanized Chinese,
or tje New Chinaman, as the editor
is a Chinese minister of the Presby
terian Church, a man of high cultiva
tion from the American standpoint.
He is the Rev. Ng Poon Chew, and one
of his literary advisers and aids is
John Fryer, LL.D., who Gils the chair
of Chinese literature at the University
of California; but the typesetters, the
clerks, in. fact all tho employes, are
Chinamen, some of whom are gradu
ates of American schools. In the busi
ness office and editorial room there is
little to attract the attention. Amer
ican desks and chairs and telephone
are the appliances of *he workers; but
when the visitor enters the composing
room, a high, cheerless brick-wall-in
closed room, he is confronted with the
fact that here as well as elsewhere in
China things are upside down. In a
word, the typesetter is quite as im
portant o factor as the editor: at least
such is the impression gained by the
Tver .who faces the extraordinary
" tl?e Chinese compositor?'
?rican typesetter is obliged
ten figures and a few signs ana sym-y
bois, as periods, dollar marks, etc., but
the Chinese compositor must be fa
miliar with 11.000 characters of this
archaic language, i.bout which Profes
sor R. K. Douglas says: "Every root
ls a word, every word is a root. It is
without inflexion or even agglutination:
its substantives are indeclinable, and
Its verbs are not to be conjugated; it
ls destitute of an alphabet, and finds
its expression on paper in thousands
of distinct symbols."
It is needless to go into a description
of this marvelous language to explain
the difficulties of the Chinese compos
itor; but one illustration is sufficient.
Certain sounds often stand for several
hundred words, the difference, often
vital- to an intelligent presentation of
an idea, depending on certain diacrit
ical marks accompanyng each word.
There are thousands of these symbols
which are engraved, each one repre
senting a .type, but a well-regulated
newspaper will require but 11,000 char
acters;, if others are needed they are
.made in the office. A font of type In
the Chinese language requires 11,000
spaces, and in the large and spacious
racks here shown each word instead
of each letter, as in English, rhns a
place for itself. There is also a pe
culiar grouping or classification of
symbols into groups to further facili
tate the mental labors of the typeset
ters. Thus in the immediate vicinity
of the symbol for nsn would be found
the symbols for scales, net, fins, tail,
gills. This simplifies the labor, which
in any event must be sb strenuous that
it is evident that the compositor's end
of the Chinese newspaper should, if
perfect "justice ruled, be tho highest
paid.
The compositor is a staid and dig
nified individual, and as he slowlv
walks from symbol to symbol, pickii ,
up those r-hich he requires with pro
yoking calmness, the American com
pos.ltor might well wonder when th<
work would be completed; and to se
up the limited type required for ?
INTERIOR OF CHINESE COMPC
SIZE OF :
small four-page daily paper the c(
stant labors of eight or nine skill
Chinamen are required for twelve
thirteen hours, the entire wor': in <
ery^departmect being the antipodes
ash and whirl ahd marvelc
celerity o? the modern American publi
cation, i
W?en the paper is set up it is printed
on an American press, but the type,
the symbols, are all made in China.
There tire three other newspaper!
published lil Sah Francisco besides thc
one described-the Chinese World; th?
Oriental Mews and the Commercial
News. Nearly all have some special
object in view. Thus the World is a
reform paper, virtually the organ ot
the Empire Reform-Association, a clnb'l
or society which is very influential in
K Ki
Site
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B<if,-r'
CHINESE NEWSPAPER.
Chinese circles in San Francisco and
said to include a fourth of the entire
population. The World opposed Mie
Boxers, is pro-American in its ideas; its
editor is Tong Chong, ti friend of the
late missionary. Mr. Masters; a man of
high culture and many attainments,
who has, by thc aid of the society, of
which he is Secretary, attempted to
reform the entire Chinese Nation.-Sci.
entitic American.
TRACES OF A TRAGEDY.
Grew?oiue Reminder of SIITRRO Hays "on
an EDjrlish Church Door.
A ghastly relic of bygone days is to
be seen on the church door at Pern- j
bridge, England.
The handle is faster.ed h.- some elab
orate ironwork to the stout oak boards, I
and round the edges of this, says the
Queen, may still be seen fragments !
y.
fi
m
-li
m.
il
THE TRACE OF A TRAGEDY.
that look like coarse yellow parch
ment. The casual visitor passes them
by unobserved, and 'th little idea
that he is on the tra --f a tragedy,
for the parchment s- , are not por
tions of the uotic of prehistoric
church wardens, but the actual frag
ments of the skin of some bygone
malefactor, caught red-handed in rob
bing the church, his hide being nailed
to the doors as a perpetual warning
lo evildoers. Tradition reports that
he """as a Dane, but more Drobably he
was ?orne Welsh marauder of the
mountains, and at any rate t- this day
the ghastly memorial of his crimes Is
still visible.
TVeddlnc; Superstition*.
It is unlucky for the bride to eiiter
the church before the ceremony nt
one door and leave after tbe ceremony
by another door.
. The bride should always cut the first
piece of her wedding cake.
It is said to be unlucky to tie shoes
to any part of the carriage in which
the bride and bridegroom go away.
In leaving the church the bride will
j do well to place her right foot fore
most if she wishes to be happy,
healthy, etc., in the future, and she
should always be the first to call her
busband by name.
After the wedding breakfast and re
ception the bride should be careful to
throw away and lose all the pins, if
there are any about her. The brides
maids should not keep the pins them
selves, or they will retard their chances
of marriage.-New York News.
People who are governed by theil
good impulses can govern themselves.
)SING ROOM, SHOWING ENORMOUS
["HE FONTS.
IMnrc'ered ltomnn Emperors.
Of ninety-three emperors who ha
governed the whole or a large part
the Roman empire sixty-two were mi
dered or died under suspicious circu
stances. -
"THE OLD TOIBS PRISON
AND ?HE NEU.
??EAt interest centres in the
disappearance of the old-time
wall aboht the-original struc*
lure of the Tombs Prison in
, New York City, and the substitution
j of the new granite cinelosure. The
change attracts daily attention from
the little crowds of loungers who hang
about the neighborhood' of the Crim
inal Court building. The process of
change from the old to the new Is so
gradual, yet so sure, that the ancient
regime will be merged into the new
j almost without anybody knowing it.
Tho removal ol' the administrative de
I pnrtments of the city prison into the
j new commodious quarters on the Cen
tre street side has already taken place.
The change from the semi-darkness
and musty, long out-worn conditions to
spacious, and modern quarters brings
A GENERAL'VIEW OF THE TOMB
NEW YOAVK CITY F
with it a contrast which for the mo
ment makes even a prison seem a very
cheerful and pleasant place.
When one entered the old prison one
was admitted by a lowering gate heav
ily barred with iron into u low-coil
inged room where many activities
seemed to be crowded into small space
and where the file of visitors waiting
to see the prisoners always tended to
overflow into the warden's room and
down thc dark corridors leading co the
cells.
A splendid suite of offices has now
been provided for the wardens and
clerks, several sizeable rooms where
prisoners can be searched an? where
they may see their counsel and still
others, where their, frieu. -nay be
searched before visiting them in their
cells. In tlie old Tombs the conven
iences were of the slighfpst and loado
<ixtf--<- ? , 1 1 =_~f_J showers were-"
inadequate. Under the new rules pris
oners will be compelled to take two
hot baths a week. There are two
shower baths at the end of each cor
ridor, and besides this are special bath
rooms in which new prisoners will be
compelled to submit to a good scrub
bing with soap and water before being
placed in a cell. Another excellent
feature that ls a great advance on the
CITY PRISON, THE SUCCESSOR
old conditions is the roof garden,
where the prisoners will take the air
instead of dismally filing around thc
narrow corridors as they do at present
getting their only healthful draughts
of ozone through the narrow, heavilj
barred corridors. The roof garden ii
on the top iloor, directly under thi
steep pitched roof.
The completion of the city prison hui
been delayed far beyond the time sped
fied in the contract. The building wa
begun five years ago-during the nd
ministration nf thc late Mayor Strong
Warden Van de Carr is delightei
over getting into the new building
Sir.ce he resumed his duties severn
mou'hs ago the contractors have mad
rapid progress toward the completio
of the building. It is expected thu
the present administration will pn
vide a detached house in the priso
yard for the use of the Warden. Th
Warden's family, now occupies disiu:
quarters.
The removal of the west wall alon
Elm street by the rapid transit contra?
tors marks the beginning of the di
struction of that portion of the ja
yard where the old-time Sheriffs c
New York County hanged their coi
deinned prisoners.
Volcanic Eruptions Near Mexico City.
According to the traditions of tl:
Indians, there were eruptions of tl
volcanoes surrounding this valley ?
follows:
Ajusco, most violent, in 7G A. ]
Also in 1114.
Popocatepetl, 1353, terrifying the i
habitants of the Asstcc city on who
site this capital, is built. Houses we
damaged and the people were terrific
by Ute falling ashes and stones.
Iztaccihuatl was in violent erupt!
in 1489, three years before Columb
discovered the New World.
Nico, near Lake Chalco, burst ii
eruption in 1170.-Mexican Herald.
From a twenty-year-old mu!hoi
tree 218 pounds of leaves have bc
picked In a year. .
Luck on n Kotri*.
Many safety poison phials have bi-.cn
devised; but it is doubtful if-any ope
is sd sec?r? as the simply locked
stopper illustrated heroW'tli. No one
In thc dark, or sunlight, no matter
LOCK O'S TBK l'OISOX BOTTLE.
how preoccupied or deranged by suf
fering, could possibly accidentally
take a draught of poison from such
o flask. As-will be seen by the sketch
the lock is 'opened , by a small'key,
but it automatically locks itself when
-From a Photograph by W. F. Sibley.
S BUILDING AS IT STOOD IN
OR MANY YEARS.
thc cover is closed down. Any de
sired method of closing bottles or
flasks may be employed in conjunc
tion with thc lock. Not a less wide
field for the use of such a device is
to prevent unauthorized persons as,
for instance, servants, from meddling
with liquors, perfumes', etc.
A Lolly Steamboat Itoute.
The loftiest steamboat route in the
world is doubtless that just opened be
tween Tuno and ChPaya, Peru, on
Lake Titicaca. 12.572 feet high or twice
the altitude of Ml Wj ?kington.
A Peraltar ren, . 'use.
In an article which ^oared
American Agricu?t
1902, Professor
New York
of fruit, .
Flemish i
received :
das Co
mittcd to xtorcssor Stewart for exam
ination, who reports that the difficulty
is thc same as that described in his
previous article. Very often it is Im
possible to determine the variety o?
fruit on account of its diseased condi
tion.
Bi
mm
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Kaw >?'-;:VY.'.
^v?fo'-S* ^^^.-.y... y;>
: m ty
m?mm
OF THE HISTORIC "TOMBS.'
A specimen of the pear infested witt
this disease is shown in the accoin
ponying illustration, furnished us bj
Professor Stewart. This disease is
caused by a fungus and can be pre
vented to a large extent by thorough
A DI .:ASED PIAR.
ly spraying with bordeaux mixtur
However, where the fruit on the tree
cracks regularly each season, it woul
perhaps be liest to graft thc top wit
some other variety.
Thc Widow's Cap.
Tile widow's cap is as old as tho da,
of Julius Caesar. An edict of Ti beril
commanded all widows to wear thees
under penalty of a heavy fine and ii
prisonnient
England's Yellow Fever Record.
Only live outbreaks of yellow fev
In English ports are known to have <
curred in the last century.
The trouble about Uftf^pe0pifJ v,
know how everythh$?''ought to bc dc
is that they can't^0 them.
WOMEN GOLD BEATERS.
A FIELD OF WORK ABOUT "WHlvH
l\ - LITTLE IS KNOWN.
ty:
r?cfe ht Regard to tlio Industry - Great
Judcinont nnil Skill .IN quired by the
Workmen- Successful Opposition ortho
^ Men-Mentors to Women Employment.
! The recent strike among the gold
heaters, the Issues at stake being the
Increase of wage3 and discharge of
women employed in the business, must
have caused a good many people to
inquire what a woman gold .beater Is.
Gold beating is one of the smallest
of American industries, as it is, in
some respects, one of the most-pecu
liar. The conditions under which it
exists enable, the workmen to-dicate
. terms to their employers, the latter
frankly admitting that they have to
j cither give in or go" out of business..
There- are only about 500 gold beaters
in this country; the work is expert,
: ard not every one can learn it. The
English and German workmen" are too
well paid to think of emigrating; and
o? course the contract labor law stands
in the way of sending for them from
this side.
The recent strike was really on ac
count of the women. The increase of
w^ges would have been granted the
m'^n for the asking, hut employers
\w>re reluctant to discharge for no
caise women who served faithfully
foTlow wages, did their work better
than the men could do it, and were,
in many cases, widows and orphans
of /.he strikers* fellow-workmen. They
hefd out for seven weeks, hoping that
tho men would soften, but tho hope
was not realized. The women had to
go. It is pleasant to know that ono
firm, the largest in New York, kept
the,.discharged womens names on the
pay-roll, and will continue to send
thom their wages until employment
can be found for them. .
Small as the gold-beating industry
i&, and little notice as its troubles at
tracted, the results of them might
have been very far-reaching. Manu
facturers, it is said, actually consid
ered whether it would not be as well
for them to go out of the business
as far as the beating itself was con
cerned. If they had done so the price
of gold picture frames would have ad
vanced at least 25 percent on ac
count of that tariff on gold leaf. Art
ists would have felt this very serious
ly, since their frame-maker's bills are
heavy enough as it is. Decorators,
painters, sign makers, bookbinders,
cabinet makers-a dozen trades wouid
have'becn affected. All on account of
about 100 women-or rather on ac
ct . Af ..ive u; . . ?
J. A.^ ....ul'.. . bUVinw -
squares and placed between the
leaves of a parchment book three
inches sqrare. This book is called
the cutch, and contains two hundred
leaves. . When it has been placed in
a heavy parchment --envelope it is giv
en to a brawny workman- with arm
and shoulder muscles like a gladiat
or. ' .He- stands before' a pounding
block of solid granite, and, with an
iron hammer. weighing 15 pounds,
beats the cutch until tho gold within
is three inches square instead of one
inch. The blow struck is not the
crushing blow of a butcher's ax; it
must rebound lightly. The effort is
expended in the upward swing of the
arm and not in thc stroke. Women,
of course, have no part in this work.
The gold is next cut in quarters and
placed in another book called thc
shoda, which contains so-'o 850
leaves. This book consists of a pe
culiar substance made from the en
trails of oxen. It is as fine and
smooth and flexible as the lining of
an eggshell. It is very costly, the price
of a single book being $50. A book will
stand 150 beatings, after which it is
sold to manufacturers of imitation
gold-leaf.
Tho shoda is beaten with a lighter
hammer and a more expert stroke.
The idea is to make the leaf a little
thicker on the edges than in the mid
dle. This is in order that when he leaf
is finally trimmed and sold the manu
facturer and not the buyer will get the
part.
The man who beats the shoda was
really the cause of the strike. Up to
this time all the work is in the hands
of men. The transferring of the leaf
from the shoda to the next hook and
the final beating has always been the
work of women. A light touch and a
deft hand are required to do this With
out breaking the leaf, which has now
been beaten to the thinness of the
thinnest tissue-paper. Some of tho
men say they wanted to take the work
away from the women because they
knew they could do it, and they
thought they ought to be alloweu more
chance to sit down and rest from theil
severe labor. Others admit that th'ej
"'uiply wanted to earn more money.
Ono is interested to observe thal
the men are rather awkward in the ac
complishment of . their new task. Al
seemed to work slowly. ^ .
The last book is called the mould
and has 1000 leaves. In the gold tis
sue is beaten to one-fourth that deli
cate thickness, and then ?he men an
through With it. In time they ma;
come to think they can handle it fm
ther, but at present they resign it ii
its last stage to women.
The girls sit at little, enclosed desk
in an almost airless room. The smal
est draught of wind must be excluder
so light is the substance handled. A
it is, quantities fly aboiit, and settle i
the girls' hair and clothing. The wall
and corners glisten with it In fror
of each girl is a fine leather cuskfo?
and at her side are piled^?rerlnouldi
She turns the leaves^ ami' with,tho ai
of two slender wobrJen tool's, one
pincers and the oOfer a kind of stile
the slnTi?mering gold, drops
on the leather cushion, and breathe
on it ge/ntly to flatten it. This mu?
all be done lightly and quickly to
void breaking. With two strokes of
wooden stamp called a wagon, som
thing like a cooky-cutter,, the gold is,
cut into a three and throe-eighths in
ches square. The trimmings arc swept
hadtJuiQ.asbox?anJ the gold-is again
I lilted and droppaTutfwvui.the leaves
of a tissue-paper hook, where it "he-*
comes the gold leaf of commerce.
Twenty of them are sold together
in a package. The retail price is $7.50.
An "expert workwoman can . make'
from CO to 80 books a da*y. The work
is delicate, not tiring, and hut. for the
closeness of thc room: would be a de
cidedly pleasant occupation-New
York Post.'
ORIENT'S FOREMOST MAN.
Some or Ibo Wonderful A rhinromcntt of
J?aron -Sliibnsnu-n of Japan.
In'the East-as well as in the West
lhere are opportunities for a strong
man to make his own way. In proof of
:his, the life story of Baron Shibusa
wa, the Japanese financier,-who was
recently so well received' here, is told
throughout the Orient as ari illustra
tion of what a plain citizen may hen
e?me.
. Starting without advantages of birth
or backing, he attached himself as a
youth to the great Tokugawa family.
He reorganized <he unsettled finances
of the clan, and out vi gratitude its
chief made him a government officer.
His ability was quickly shown in
the minor office he obtained and he
rose rapidly. First he was tax. comp-'
troller, then assistant vice-minister,
next junior vice-minister and, finally
vice-minister of finance. ? ' :
Then, when the highest places with
in the gift of the emperor were with
in his reach., ho suddenly gave up state
craft and returned to privat? life. As j
a plain citizen he planned, he labored,
lie organized. < .
In.a-few months he was acknowl
edged as the leader of an. industrial
revolution which was' to make a new
Japan. Largely through bis ' influence
the empire set aside dreams of mili
tary glory and chose the . sober tri
umphs of peace.
He extended her railways, her ship
ping and her industries. A Japanese ad
mirer has counted and tabulated the
organizations and companies, of which
alter thirtjr-fivo years' work,- Shibusa
wa is either the head or the guiding
spirit. They number more than one
hundred and fifty and include every
kind of business, every form of'in
terest, civil and national, in the devel
opment of the country and every form
of chanty and philanthropy.
. Vircinln'g Ovaler-Ked?. .
Several .days ago a veteran oyster^
packer of Norfolk,, Va.,-was heard lo
?! *? "u-* ?* the state of Virginia
enforce the laws.
The trouble is said to b? that oys
termen are'often allowed to disregard
the regulation in connection with talc
ing the young oysters ?rora the beds.
When everything is taken up without
discrimiation, the beds have no repro- .
ciuctive material and become value
less.' This year, oysters from the
James and R?ppahann?ck and other
river bods, which used lo yield oysters
opening a gallen to the bushed, open
only half a gallon to the bushel.
Virginia- should not suffer her mag
nificent, oyster , interests to be de
stroyed. She should not permit the
goose that lays the golden egg to be
killed before her eyes. If a shake-up
in the inspection system is needed,
there should be no hesitation about
performing the duty. The matter is
important; look to it. The laws are
good ; but the trouble with the law gen
erally nowadays is that it is not en
forced with sufficient vigor-Norfolk,
Va., Land mai k.
Glvlns Him "i* Moncy'n Wortli.
A lawyer generally suits his fee to
his advice, but in a case cited, by the
Philadelphia Times one was forced
lo reverse -thc order. His success in
so doing was good evidence of his
fitness for his calling.
When this 'particular lawyer was
first struggling along in his profes
sion he received a call from a well
to-do farmer, who was in need of le
gal advice ' concerning his rights,
which he thought had been ignored
by the sec.tion-hauds on a Penr ly va
nia railroad. The lawyer looked up
the statutes, and told the farmer
what, he should do.
"How,?mich?" queried the farmer.
"Well, let's-call it three dollars,"
replied the lawyer.
The farmer handed o'? er a five-dol
lar bill. -Tho- lawyer seemed embar
rassed. But after searching through
Iiis pockets and the drawers of his
desk, he rose to the occasion anti
pocketed the bill as he reached foi
a diges.t.
. "I guess, neighbrr," he remarked
as he resumed his seat, "I shall hav(
to give you two dollars' worth mon
advice."
New Monning: of Fluff.
A San Francisco rabbi gives a ne\
interpretation of the design of the Am
erican flag. To an audience of immi
grants largely Russian, .the other daj
he said: "Do you know why the Star
and Stripes are in the flag? I will te
you why. They show that Americ
has stars for those who behave them
selves and stripes for those who d
^not." .. ,*
riocaloriiil Point of View.
"Iron may be good.rfb\ same folk:
blood," remarke?-^?he wo*m, as "th
angler rsn^tho hook, thr?agh^.hin
"biifr'? know it will be the death ?
me" . . " T-. ' ' .
. And yet .the fish that got the iro
a few moments later was simply ca
ried away with it-Philadelphi
Press. . ' .
Fer every cubic foot of air that wi
sent into the St. Gotthard tunnel
qiiaiter of a century ago, 50 cubic fe
are being introduced into the Sim
ion tunnel. The mortality, lu cons
quence, is much lower.
Large shipments of th j best makes of wagons
and buggies just received. Our stock of jurnl
ture and housefurnishing is complete:
Large Stock of Coffins and Caskets
alwags on hand. AU calls for our hearse prompt
ly responded to. All goods sold on a small mr- ;
gin of profit. Call to see me, I will save ^you
~ money. ...
C.- P. COBB,?i-:?C.
THE ARTISTS' FAVORITE
THE MATCHL.ESS ? -? >
K
Unsurpassed in touch, toner workmanship and dura
. . . . ' ' .-. .. rability. Sold on
TERMS OF EASY PAYMENT.
. Factory and Warerooms, Cincinnati, 01. \
J. A. HOLLA/NT),
Traveling Agent for South Carolina, NINETY-SIX, S. C.
W. J. RUTHERFORD. R, B. MORRIS.
ff. J. RUTHERFORD ? CO,
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