Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, May 30, 1866, Image 1
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BT PU Ri SOE, KEEi.SE & CO.
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'J. . : ?
EDGEFIELD, S. C.; MA11CH 7, 1866.
VOLUME X?X?.--N0. 10.
CARRIAGE MANUFACTORY
TUE Subscribers respectfully announce that
they are now prepared to do all work in the
COACH MAKING and REPAIRING BUSI
NESS that m ty be entrusted to them, in a work
manlike manner, and with neatness and dispatch.
We havo on hand a few CARRIAGES aad su
perior BUGGIES, of our own muuufacturc, which
wo will sell low.
All kinds of REPAIRING 3one promptly and
warranted to give satisfaction.
As we sell ONLY FOR CASH, our prices
are unusually reasonable. AU wo ask is a trial.
SIT?IT1? & JOSES.
Mar 7 tf 10
FISK'S PATENT
METALLIC BURIAL CASES
GASK?TS !
THE Subscriber has just received an assort
ment of these beautiful Ro.-ewood finish
METALLIC BURIAL CASES and CASKETS
Air-tight and indestructible-for protecting and
preserving tho Dead-which he will sell a: bul a
moderate advance on original co?t and transporta
tion. "Wherever introduced these Cases have the
preference over all'others. J
Orders promptly filled. Terms, of course, I
strictly Cash. J. M. WITT. I
Edgcfield, Mar 13 tf ll
STABLES !
L !V. TEAGUE,
F EDGEFIELD, S. C
HAS leased the Whitaker Stables for thc pur
pose of conducting a general SALE AND
LIVERY STABLE BUSINESS.
HOUSES left in bis charge will receive thc
best n tren ti JP
BUGGIES, CARRIAGES and HACKS, and
good gentle HORSES, to hire -jvhenfcver culled
for.
DROVERS will lind ample accommodation at
my Stables.
Terms reasonable.
Feb 14 tf
UNDERWRITER'S AGENCY,
Till Subscriber baviugJj?.en appointed Agent
of .bo .
GERMANIA* HANOVER. NIAGARA &
??EPIJ3L?C FIRE ?KS?ttlANCE 4
COMPANIES
Of N.'w York,-tl.c aggregate Cash Assetts ol
which is NEAR TURKS MILLIONS OF DOL
LARS-w prepared to take risks against loss or
damage by Fi;c on liberal term?.
Z. W. CARWILE, Agent. .
Feb 13_.tf_ 7
Fresh Arrivals
molt
New York !
WE HAVE JUST RECEIVED FROM XEV.'
YORK A LARGE AND WELL SELECTED
.STOCK cr
DB?GS, MEDICINES,
AND
FANCY ARTICLSS,
W n I C ll WILL D E S 0 I. D A T
Tiie Very Lowest Living Prices
?S5*Physicians' billa filled at Augusta prices.
Call and try us.
TEAGUE ? CARWILE.
Apr iS tf 17
Spring and Summer
GOOD
THE Subscriber is now receiving his Stock of j
SPRING AND SUMMER tlOUDS direct
from Charleston, consisting of
CALICOES,
MUSLINS,
GINGHAMS,
COTTONADES, STRIPES,
CROWN AND PLANTER'S LINEN,
SHIRTINGS,
SHEETINGS,
LONG CLOTHS,
BED TICK, &c.
Ladies, Misses and Men's HATS AND
BONNETS ;
Ribbons, Flowers, Wreaths, Plumes,
Gloves, Veils, Hosiery,
LADIES, MISSES, MEX AND CHILDREN'S \
ROOTS AND SHOES,
GROCERIES, HARDWARE,
CROCKERY,.'
SADDLES, BRIDLES, GIRTHS, SURCIN
GLES, '
With many other articles too tedious to mention,
which will be sold at the lowest market price ior
CASH ONLY.
B. C. BRYAN, Agent.
Mar 21 If J 2
B. SMITH & .00.
-o
I^J?"w Store
A T
2VTt. Vintage.
UST oponed at MOUNT VINTAGE, (thc late
residence of Mr. F. O'CONNOR,) a varied as
sortment of
Dry Goods & Groceries,
BOOTS AND S?IOES,
Hats and Gaps,
AND ALL THE USUAL ARTICLES KEPT
IN COUNTRY STORES.
jp^-Goods not on f ur shelves will bc procured
at short notice.
TERMS REASONABLE,, and a fair fcharc of
patronage solicited.
Mt. Vintage, Dc! ll_fim50
SPECTACLES -
~Fov Old and Youn^
1HAVE on hind alarga and dioico variety of
SPECTACLES, including Patent Perescopic
LENS and genuine Scotch PEBBLES. Also,
EYE GLASSES, EYE PROTECTORS, Ac.
Givo me a call? I Jan suit yonr Eves.
D. F. M eli M'EN.
Oft 31 _|f_ _
To the Public.
DV. McEWEN, haring received n COM
. PLETR A S.SUR M EXT OF WATCH
Ul VTEK1 A.LS, would respectfully inf..rm hit
friends and th? public gonerally that he is now
prepared to exocote, with dispatch, all work
in the
Walch Repairing: Department.
?3?""AU work don* by him will bo warranted.
.JU! ??vlf? of HAIR WORK and SOLID GOLE
JEWELRY m-.dc io order.
TERMS CASH. Wo work wUl bo allowed U
leave lb? Shop until paid for.
Oct31 ti 4i
J
Helen Gray.
Because one loves you, Helon Gray,
Is tbat a reason you should pout, <
And like a March wind veer about,
And frown, r.nd say your shrowish say!
Don't strain the chord until it snaps,
Don't split the sound heart with your wcdg-i,
* * Don't cut your fingers with thc edge
Of your kceu wit ; you may, perhaps.
I
Because your'u handsomo Helen Gray,
Is that a reason to he proud ? .
Your eyes aro bold, yonr laugh is loud,
Your steps go mincing on their way ;
But so you miss that modest charm
Which is the surost charm of all;
Take heed you may yet trip and fall,
Ard no man care to stretch his arm.
Stoop from your cold height, nden Gray,
Como down, and take a lowlier place,
Come dov.n, to fill it now with grace;
Como down you must per forco sprue day;
Fer yoar?- cannot bo kept .it hay,.
And fading years will make you old;
Then ia your turn will men seem cold,
When you yourself are nipped and gray.
BEPOBT
ON THE RESOURCES OF TnE PROPOS ?D
New District of Calhoun, So. Ca.,
WITH PRACTICAL INFORMATION* FOB InMI
CHAN "IS AND PERSONS A?TF.CTED WITH
PULMONARY COMPLAINTS.
u Tho varieties cf climate, soil.and capacities of
different countries inducos nations as well us iiJi
viduals to select those pursuits for which they
have some natural or acquired advantage, nn"i by
this division of labor tho aggregate production is
largely increased."
COUNCIL CHAMBER, March 1, iSG ?.
At a meeting of Council held tub d5y, on
tnotiou, 1 hu billowing preamble and, resolu
tions wero unanimously adopted :
Whereas, The number of negro laborer*
formerly residing in ibid section of the fc tare
hftsj cinco emancipation, been diminished >vei
t??ey per cent, by emigration to tho coasi and
by (letfth, and our citi&ms s?riot-sly moonve
u?eneed fur the want of domestic servants,
gardeners, in? cbanics and farm laborer* : and
whereas, it would bo eminently conducive t'
our interests to bave their places supplie] by
thrifty and industrious white laborer*, and be
lieving that if tho attention of emigrant*
should bo directed to thc adv.ini.ago-> ar..? op
portunities ??ero offered by our central ora
tion, roil road facilities, water powers, k-iolin
and bchrftou? dupo??tes, potteries, BUW mills
?cd factories, with a climate ansurpaesed in
the United States, antra soil peculiarly .d.ip
ted to thc culturo ol the finest fruit.; and
grapes, that our h?ls and valleys would som:
bo teetni?g with a happy attd contented pup
illation and our prosperity materially ad
vanced,
?ie it Resolved, By the Inlcndanl sud War
dens of Aiken in Council assembled, that a
Commit! oe of Seven bc appointed, of which
thc Intendant shall bc ex-ofncio Chaine tu, to
adopt such measurer "?u Tn their j td; tbcnt !
willoring those advantages pron: iiictiy for-.
waid, to correspond wirb pit tics dpsir-irsof|
locating, and advising ?ind assisting ?nek ;
may desi.".- li? locate in ibis vicinity.
ll- UjHrthsr Resohai, That tl? follow i nj
f-euilemeu lui appointed a.*i said i":?u?Miitee,
.'i/.: Mr.*E. J. U. Wood, Col. VY. P. Finley.
K?V. J. II. Cornish, Dr. L. C. Du cm, A.
Collin, E:q.,'f. E. Chapman and L. S.Bens-m
W. A. SCHMIDT, in tendant, ex-oificic.Clia r
"(Signe*!) B.J. RODGERS,
Cleik ol' Council.
To thu Honorable Tomi Council of Aiken:
Your Committee to whom wa? referred tho
r?solu ions in relcrencc '"lo adopting such
measures as would laing tho resources of this
section of our. State to the notitv of capital
?stn and immigrant"*,'' ask h-avo to report in
part: Next to the re-establish ment ol'Civil
Government, lhere is no question of moro
vital interest to the South, than that of labor
and its judicious application in developing
the natura' resources which abonni. The
expediency of diversifying our purs ut?, in
stead of devoting attention exclusively to the
production of the <jrcat sta pies; as bas Lore
tolore boon the cuxoni, and the necessity of
inviling labor and capital from abroi.d, is be
coming moro and more apparent nuder thc
changed circumstances in H hieb wc are now
placed. Much in general terms has lietn paid
apd written of " thc immense linden loped re
sources of ike South" but iheic arc xry Jew
who are informed as io thc peculiar advanta
ges or special aptitudes of any ?.articular
section; therefore ono of the first Midmost
practicable steps that can be adopted to re
vive the foi-mer prosperity of these States, is
to disseminate reliable information regarding
thc opportunities ;'or profitable employment
offered by t he specialities of each section.
. Speaking of such special aptitude i, Mills in
his " Commerce Defended," pago .'18. remarks :
" As the same country is tendered richer by
the trade of one province with another, as its
labor" becomes thus infinitely more divided
and more productive than it could otherwise
have been-and as the mutual interchange ol
the commodities which one province has and
another wants, multiplies thc comforts and
accommodations of the whole, am the coun
try becomes thus in a wonderful degree, more
opulent and happy; so, ihe sima beautiful
train of consequences is seen in ti e world at
large-tbat vast empire of which tho differ
ent kingdoms may be regarded as provinces.
One province is favorable to tho production of
one species of produce, and another province
of another. By their mutual intercourse,
mankind are enabled to distribute their labor,
as best lits tba geuius of each particular
country and peopK Thc indu-try of the
whale is thus rendered incomparably more
productive, and every snoei.-.s ol necessary,
useful and agreeable acecunroodation is obtain
ed in much greater abundance and with infi
nitely loss expense."
Inc proper application of lal or requires
not univ a knov/?edge of the resources of a
country ia general terms, l ut discrimination
as'to'Vi'hal pursuits would prove profitable tO
certain ctusscs or individuals. In th*** view
your Committee have collated either from
their cwn"porsonal experience and observa
tion, br from reliable ii?fornihtior. of others
bri whom the}' ran depend, Mich facts regard
ing some of the most prominent resources ol
the section of .country included in " tho p:o
posed N?w District of Callion- ,*' in connec
tion with items of a more general nature re
ferring to the State at large, as will enable
capitalists and immigrants to form a correct
upi mon.
It is evident that reliable information of a
oractical ?ud reliable character will bo eager
ly sought for, not ouly by foreigners, but by
very many in the Northern Stales who are
desirous of jza ten rig some of tue new fields
just opening, and which hove hitherto been
neglected or ignored.
Unless citizens who may bc acquainted
with the capabilities of any sei tion ?iv? pub
licly tt> the lacis, many years !uu-t elapse ire
iho'0 resources can be developed, and as
whatever affects io any appreciable degree
any one element of tht social State or St-ction
of country affects through it ad the Other ele
menu- and sections, your Corri nitto would ex
press the hope thnt E 'Hors of Newspaper-*,
Commissioners of Emigration aud others wiil
lend t heir assistance in extending publicity to
some of tho accompanying sb temen Ls.
Of 19,000,000 of acres of laud in South
Carolina, over 14,000,000 are now uncultiva
ted. The primitive foresta still cover the
larger part of this vast estent of land, the
average density of the white population being
only a little over ten to the square milo.
This State ?3 about equally divided between
thc primitive and alluvial region, the latter
extending about ono hundred miles from the
coast. Near the sea the lands aro generally
low and flat, ascending and becoming more
and more hill}' as you proceed Westward, un
til they attain an ?evatiou of near 3000 feet,
including marked varieties of climate and soil. I i
Its low lands, middle legion and mountain | <
tracts seem like so many different countries ;
some having the characteristic^ of Switzer- j
land, whilst others have those, of Hindost?n t
-and capable ol producing any of tins plants c
of the temporale zone, besides many pertain- ?
ing to the tropics, with water power in abun- t
dance and mineral deposits uncared for. j
That portion near the coast has been prin- 1
cipally occupied by planters owning' largo
Slings of negroes and rast tracts ot' land ; f
whilst the North and West have be;n mostly c
settled by minali farmers. C
Lands being cheap, the practice Ins gene- I
rally prevailed of planting the largest area a
of land possible without manuring-cotton
picking giving occupation during the winter r.
and fall-thus exhausting thc soil and de- j
pending on clearing new fields, or moving to t
the virgin lands ol the far West. The com- E
parativnly small increase of population in this b
State may be attributed in a great measure, s
to this unfortunate practice. Those pleasant e
associations which cluster around the "homo- v
stead " were too frequently wanting ; the cm- e
bellishmerit and adornment ol' a place likely ?
to be abandoned waa neglected; and the n
houses and iraprovomenta were of a t?mpora- w
rv character, and when offered for sale but c
little value was attached to any improvement, n
most frequently the property bringing notbirg v
more than the current value of the lands.
The changed circumstances of th 2 property
holders now necessarily throws on the market
estates of all kinds. Some are obliged to sell
a portion in order to obtain mear.s of culli
va'iug the remainder; otbors prefer moving
to some die-nnt country rather than exert
themselves among their former associates or
di'ptindanls. Consequently, lands are freely
<<(r-..-rcd fe; sale nt prices raDftiug from one to
fifty dollars an acre. In this locality the
general price is from two to ten dollars
averaging, perhaps, three dollars per acre.
In Barnwell District, in which Aiken is
situated, in 1805 taxes were paid on 1.0124,.
:i.';0 actes of land, divided as follows:
'.'0 persons returned 50 acres or loss.
757 persons returned lOO to 500 acres.
0:23 persons returned 500 to IOHO ?cres.
184 persons returned J DUO to 2000 acres.
5b' persona returned 200O to 3000 acres.
34 persons returned 3?UD to 4000 acre*.
y persons returned 4t>00 lo 5000 acres.
lit persons returned 6000 to 20,000 acres. | st
This was exclusive of town lots, valued at
$474,200.
(Jvcr 1 OOO miles of rail ro:".ds have already
boen built in ?bis State, and several lines
have been located, some ol' which are now
being construe'eil
According to thc Complroller'slleport, i860, I ^
po[
State being 103,000, thc taxes did not amount
10 il per head. 1
Tbe tomi indebtedness of the State nt (hat w
time ita* SC.?!*? 155, including $1,000,000 re- Cl
.-viv. ft Iron! th? Nat ion ?ii (b.voriitneiit, which ',J
will 1...; prr.hnbly bo tailed tut ; besides hold- 01
i'n : r:ii! ru id and othftrstocks which cost $2,- ^
051, 600, and having a million and a half to 11
toe credit of the sinking fund.
As the small debt incurred during thc war e
will have io be repudiated before the Slate P'
will b-' allowed representation, it will be seen ^
that the financial condition wi i I bo better than ?
in those Slates which are loaded with heavy
debts, cort mcred for internal improvements, "
uiid raising and assisting soldiers during the f;
war, :i> is generally the case in thc North and .
West. Taxation has td ways been compara- 11
lively light in Ibis Slate. This year tho as- Vl
wssinent is 15 cents on the hundred dollars, n
ur 15 IOU of one per cent, on real property. .
Thc uc i1.1l appropriations for schools are 0
temporarily suspended, but will probably
soon ht? resumed. In 1 5??;0 they amounted to b
?73 000 for free schools, and $51,000 for c?
other educational institutions. T
By ibo new Constitution, immigrants are u
granted the right of suffrage, tull and unre- p
stricted, two years after declaring their inten- si
don to become citizens ? and there is but lit- r(
tie doubt, from tho general interest manifest- p
ed, but that tlfe Legislature at itc next session ti
will adopt measures to encourage immigra- ft
tion. The fidelity of the foreign population
to thc Southern cause will 'always be ap
predated. j
Lines of steam packots and sailiug vessels _
connect Charleston and Savannah with the D
Northern cities, and from those points rail c
road.-* radiate over all the Southeastern States,
the usu :il fare: being about five cents per mile
in first class cars.
The Presidents of thc various lines propose [
holding a Convention this summer to arrange
a system of reduced rates for tue transporta
tion ol emigrants and their effects. ?l
The only bope that tbe South will not re
lapse into the condition of Jamaica and the 1
otser West India Islands depends on foster- c
?og white labor ; for the characteristics of thc a
negro is the same herc as there, with tho dis- ?
advantages of being so suddenly released ^
from bondage. Constitutionally lazy, natu- ?
rally improvident, ignorant and warm blooded,
the disease which scourge vic, ignorance and ?
poverty must matre fearful havoc with this
unhappy race. Like tho Indians, they arc c
addicted to intemperance ; ?.nd in asimilar r
manner will they disappear before thc supe- c
rior energy of thc Anglo-Saxon race. That
they ure already diminishing at a most fear
ful rate is tbe concurrent testimony from all f
quarters. Thc comraon.estimate of their loss
since lSiiO is 1,000,000 of lives, or ono quar
ter of their whole number. lu this'vicinity
there ar-; not probably n third tho number
that were bete January, 1805, many having
migrated to the coast lands. The most of
those remaining have entered into couliacts
to work, and in so mo cases are doing well ;
but very frequently they leave their employ
ers without notice or assigning any reason,
and the demand far laborers ii such that
when so disposed they readily obtain other
employment.
In this immediate locality the demand for
laborers far exceeds tlc supply, especially
for such as arc conversant with tho employ
ments puisucJ here, viz: vino dressers and
wino makprs, distillers, horiicullur.ilists and
mill, rs or machinists, who understand running
saw and grist-mills with Vater-power.
Farmers need ordinary laborers on farms,
and families are more than anxious to obtain
white domestic servants, gardeners and host
lers. Several proprietor.) of orchards and
vineyards are anxiously scckiug competent
persons to take charge of farms on shares, or
pa"-t profits, and willing to furnish rations
until tho crops aro made; and a number of
saw mills are now lying idle for wan tot labor,
as the owners dare not rely on free negro la
b..r in such cnterprines.
The employment of slaves in other than
agricultural pursuits or as domestic servants,
having been very generally discountenanced,
dependence was bad for all manufactured
gooda--even Ibo most bulky and difficult of
transportation; on importations, consfquent
lv bm few mechanics were to be found. Jf a
watch needed a chrystal, or a knife a rivet, or
even a tin pan needed mending, it had to be
sent lo the cities, often moro than one hon
drecl railes distant. During the war th
of skilled mechanics was felt and acl
edge J to be seriously detrimental^ our
cut off as we were by the blockade fro
former sources of supply.
Now, there is a disposition'to encc
and support industrious and competer
zens, and it will take many hands and
rears to replace the thousands of ai
destroyed bj the soldiers or worn out d
the great struggle. Energetic workma
rely on being well compensated.
As an illustration ; in this town ther
"air opening for either of the following ti
?specially to such as have sufficient capii
?upply themselves with the reqoisite m
ils : Cabinet maker, saddler, turner, w
naker, wheelwright, whitesmith, millwi
:arpenter, barber, die, as is evidenced b
iucccss that has attended the baker am
ailor who have been located here for i
'ears, showing that attention to detail:
mild up a business.
The streams in the neighborhood won
ord excellent locations for the establiahi
>f work 6hopa for making articles of e
lay uso and necessity, which now have t
irougbt from a distance, although tho ma
,1s of which they are composed abound
-such as articles for house building, <
irising door?, sashes, mouldings, balus
fcc, coopers' ware, brooms, baskets, agri
ural tools, household utensils, wagons, c?
aats, pottery, tiles, bricks, &c. Lands, 1
er and living being cheap, and as th^se
imilar articles arc in crnstant demand, c
r at home or in the neighboring cities \
rhich Aiken is connected by rail roads,
vident that such occupations would j
Lrrargemcnts for water privileges coule
lade on most favorable terms even by tl;
rbi) may not.have sufficient capital to j
hase the lariat'; and the requisito tools i
?achinery for son-e of these branches be
erv simple, commencements might be m;
i a small wny, to be afterwards enlarged.
The principle growth of our forests is
Lately and useful yellow pine, which affo
:?e excellent ?umber, rosin and turpentine
ommercc. liberally intermixed with the mi
iitrdy oak, hickory and walnut. Cypn
edar, poplar, with many other woods use
>r ornamental or substantial purposes, i
\?o to be found around us in abundance, a
rovide tho most ample supply of matci
>r the various mechanical trades. Norwh
ature has t hus lavished upon our land a ri
:ore of valuable productions; has she been
ll delinquent in bestowing upon it the w
nd beautiful adornments with which 6ho
"Ont to deck her favorites. . J
In Ibo spring our woods and WU sides a
rilliant, with the glowing tints and dazzli
ues of thc honeysuckles, and jcssmiin
'hieb canopy the undergrowth and climb t
jluinns ol' the forest, shedding exquisi
prftiir.c on thc vernal air; with tho varieg
:d kalmia and broad silvery dogwood bte
>tns ; with the delicate iris and tue mode
iolet which enamel the pastures and glade
liile tlc sweet bay? load the morning ar
/ening air with a pene'trating and delicio'
lor; and the mocking bird, tho niyldinoa
f the South, pours upon the ear a -flood
iclody in notes moro clear, more sweet at
?ried, thin the far-famed songs of tho Pc
an Bulbul,.and" all corubiue to form a acci
rwn'c???fiTT^ff wide
in itself a p ira and unmixed luxury.
Many of the planfs which abound in ot
ooiis and swamps, possess valuable pharm:
letical properties, and their collection an
reservation would undoubtedly prove a meat
f lucrative gain to such as might feel di:
?sod to undertake so easy and simple
lotbod of paining a livelihood. Among thos
hieb have hitherto boen treated with a ne;
?ct which they are far from deserving, is th
grsitnmon or Sou/fun), date. This tru?,
linallie tree is indigenous throughout tb
oath, and furnishes au abundant crop of
elicious fruit, much of which hangs on th
.ces nearly all winter, ita large proportion c
iccharine matter preserving it from decay
his fruit can bc dried like thc fig, or dis
lied into brandy, or it can be made into i
??ry rcfreslrog and agreeable beer ; but it
mst frequent use is for fattening hogs ant
[her small stock that are allowed to roam ibi
ld pastures in which it grows most freely.
Various kind? of willow grow wild on flu
auks cf our streams, and the osier can bi
asily propogatcd in moist soils from cuttings
'he making of baskets either plain or orna
?ental would prove a most remunerative em
loyment,. as the demand for them is exton
ve, and it is an occupation easily learned
rquiring but few and simple tools. So Birn
ie is it in its operations that in many insti
jtes for the blind it is scleeted as best adapt?e
ir their occupation.
Thc climate of South Carolina Correspond?
-ith that of thc South of France, Italy, Mid
ie Asia and China, which are considered as
mong the most favored perls of the globe;
cing?a medium between the tropical and
olcHemperatc latitudes : and the position,
xposurc and descriptions of soil in this vi
inity correspond almost exactly with thc
laces, where, according to French authors,
he finest vineyards are situated.
Here it is a rare occurrence to see ice a
uartor of an inch thick, thermometer not
iillinf ns low as 30 degrees Fahrenheit more
han eight or ton days in the year, and dol?
ale plants like the fig, the promgianate, the
??alis and the jessamine flourish in tho open
fr . and in summer tho.thermometer as sel
?om rises as high as 95 degrees during the
lay, and at night it is requisite to have a
danket convenient for use. Vegetation gen
Tally lies dormantabouteight or nine weeks.
Carly plants, such as peaches, plums, maples,
fcc. blossoming about thc middle of Februa
y, and the first frosts about tho latter part
if November.
* * * .. * * #
Contiguous to thc seaboard throughout the
>outh the lands are low and flat, seldom ris
nf moro than one hundred feet above tho
eVel of the ocean and but a few feet above
he general level bf the rivers, consequently
tro subject to inundations from freshets aud
ill tides. The quality of thc 6oil thus fonn
jd by the alluvial deposits, washed from the
jp country during centuries, and estimated
o bc nearly half an inch iu depth annually,
s of a similar character to that of thc delta of
ihe Mississippi or tho Nil?. As the freshets
sweep nwuy all improvements, and consider
?le difficulty attends removing tho timber,
Dut little value is attached to those lands'ex
cept aa a range for cattle or stock. Their area
;n South Carolina alone is computed to exceed
ane million of acres.
Actual surveys of tho principal ?wamps de
monstrate thepr.tcti-tbility of draining them.
The immense profits attending tho reclama
tion of such louds., fhc quick returns and cer
tainty of success, ofter a field for tho profita
ble investment of _ capital far surpassing tho
chances existing in oil speculations, that aro
now so popular. On some lands nature can
bo made to contribute au annual coating of
manure, and others can be irrigated at will
by a proper system of engineering. Ex-Gov
ernor Hammond having a large body of such
swamp lauds lying on thc Savannah River,
about sixteen miles from Aiken, determined
to make thom available By correct system
of banking and ditching he brought thom un
der cultivation, and they now yield from eigh
ty to one hundred bushels of corn per acre,
worth cn the spot from seventy-five cents
to ono dollar' and twenty-five cents per
bushel.
These swamps on the banks of the princi
pal rivers frequently extend from one to six
miles in depth. By selecting locations where
bluffs or high lands extend to the streams,
comparatively short embankments
required.
Taking a tract ten miles long, wi
rage depth of one mile, and allowi
pense of the dam, ditches, locks, &
$10,000 per mile (aa much as rail rc
and two dollars paid for the land, tin
pense would be $20 per acre. Th
the swamps the less would be thepi
ate expenne. Tho lands would, wflet
ed, certainly he worth the value of c
yield ; and whilst reclaiming the lam
uable timbers could be made an a
Bource of profit, and thus from 100 ti
cent, realized in two or three yeal
properly managed. In India, China,
Egypt, the Mississippi Valley, and el
similar lands have been reclaimed h
af far greater magnitude than would
required.
The town of Aiken is pleasantly
>n the righ ridge of land that sepan
lead-waters of the Edisto Rivor fi
dreams that fall into the Savannah,
.emarkable for its elevation above tid<
laing located at that happy mean wbi
)ines most beneficially tbe advantaj
n'ne growing region with the braci
nvigorating air of a mountainous <
Tree from the miasmatic influences w
requently attend the moist climate of
lection, it is equally devoid of the deli
iffects of their cold atmosphere of a
ange ; and thc pure dry nature of its i
ng like a healthful tonic upon the ex!
ungs, and causing the blood to cours
enewed and delightful vigor through
rered veins, has often been productive
nvalid of the happiest results.
Ascending gradually irom tho set
.long the linc of the South CarolirjaRai
ho country presents an apparently lev
ace to the eye of the traveler, and he
irised to find himself at an elevation
mndred feet when he reaches the j
ipon wLich Aiken is'sitnated.
The town itself is hid out in a ncr
?leasing manner, with wide streets, J
ty large trees. It is built upon a di
dan from that which has in geueral g
d thc growth of our inland towns; ai
louses, instead of being gathered to]
round.one common centre, are in det
roups and vilas. Thestores, howovci
.11 arranged on thc main street, wind
ight angels tothe Rail Road Avenue, ai
ommodious and well supplied with .
t may not be out of pince to remark th
npeaianco of the town has attracted th
uirutiou of thc numerous officers and ;
crs who have passed through it, and i
lwsys been cjntrasfed most favorably
thcr villages of the State.
Westward thc country falls away ra
swards the Savannah in a series of bi
ills ai'd undulating slopes, that f'urni:
?ie lover of the picturesque many seem
he wonderful beauty of nature, while
enees lay* strewn around him, thick " ?
nmal leaves in Valombrosa," that 1
raversing ono of those peculiar geolc
armations ol the State which bears ui
akablc evidence of maiiae productions
eposits.
The alluminous formations, that occu
inmenso beds of thefiuest porcelain c
xe here exposed by the denuding efrec!
rater, and lie in rich strati upon tho
nr?&cp, m?f.-ta. the hand of the m anata
r. Between Aiken and Granileville the
rc in mary cases sixty feet thick, v
hose on the Savannah River, near Hambt
re from tejftgjo fifteen, and arc of unsurj
d purity. (SecTuoroys Geology of S
karolina, p. Ml.)
Eastward and Northward from Aileen
?un? declines gradually toward the spar
rooded black-jack region of the surroum
)istriets, ami prcsonts no features of peet
ntcrest. A few miles to thc Suuth of
r.wn, on Cedar Creek, lie, Tu consider:
lockness, thc very valuable beds of buhr si
'hieb forjn so rich a, part of the mineral we
f this section. The rock has a silicified
ular structure that lits it admirably for i
tones, aud it need only be brought before
..orlj for its great v:?.lue to be properly
rreciated and immediately applied. Thi
lie most extensive deposit of buhr mill si
a tho State ; solid stones ten feet in diam?
an be procured, the beds, taken together,
ceding thirty feet in thickness. (See Tuoi
?. 11J.)
Ure-, volume ir, page 165, speaking
?uhr stone, says " that it constitutes a i
arc tjctdoijicul formation, beihg found
.bundance oui;/ in the mineral basin of Pt
.nd a few adjoining districts, from wbenci
s exported chiefly to England and Amer
honcs'of six and a half feet in diameter fe
,200 francs apiece, or ?43."
Among the large class of invalids who a
er in the colder regions of the North, fr
inlmonary.diseases, Aiken has long been wi
y celebrated for tho peculiarly rcstorat
ind healthful effects of its atmosphere, a
lumbers have had cause to feel the profot
lest'gratitude for the beneficial influences
ts climate.
Its accessibility to travelers from all dir.
.ions, and thc well known salubrity of
lituation, has given to the place in all qu
ors of thc United States and Canada that
mtation to which it is so well entitled, a
vhich must continue co increase as its mer
is a resort for consumptive patients becoi
nore widely known. As a natural resi
'rora the influx of persons in quest of tl
greatest boon of nature, good health, the to
af society in thc town is much superior
diat usually found in country places of t
?ame population, and the social standard
much elevated by continued additions frc
die better class of persons, who, finding t
climate so admirably adapted to the wan
af their physical nature* settlo hero and t
como permanent residents.
Various denominations of religions boll
lind their appropriate places of worship hei
and are well represented in the sevei
Churches scattered throughout the tow
Educational interests have always been wt
attended to, and in the years proceeding tl
violent civil struggle that basso recently sh
ken this continent to its centre, a Militai
Academy, a Femalo Institute and a freo scho
were located in thc limits of the corporatio
Theso institutions, whoseexercisos have bet
suspended for the past few years, aro to I
revived when the growing strength of tl
South shall permit attention to bc turne
from thc fields of daily labor in which tl
slrugglo is now for daily broad, to tho peaci
ful pursuits of literature and mental cultivi
tion. -There are at present several excelled
schools for the primary education of childrei
and an institution for boys preparing for co
le<*c, which is ably conducted by competer
teachers, iu the commodious building orectc
by the corporation for the purpose.
Since the re-organization of the State Gol
crament a Bill has been brought before tb
Legislature for the purpose of creating into
new District tho section of country lying ac
jacont to the town, of which section Aiken i
the proposed country seat and centre.
The interests of the place and its growin
value in the eyes of settlers demand thi
change iu the division of the State, and th
Bill, having already the sanction of the Con
mittee of the legislative body to whom it wa
referred, waits only the action of time to bi
come a law of tho land. This will add muc
to tho worth of real estate, and supply whr
has long beeu needed here-a centre to th
peculiar interests of this part of the Stab
With this impulse and motive tho growth (
the town cannot bo checked, and the rapi
development of the natural resources of th
land, which lie in such abondance on ever
-ride, will bc its legitimate result.
With regard to facilities for communicating
with the outer world there are advantages
here which will give this section additional
value. The town of Aiken,-lying as it does
directly on the line of the South Carolina Rail
Rpad, a trip of a few hours conveys the pro
duce of the year to Charleston, from whence
it can be exported to-foreign countries, on the
other hand, to Augusta, from whence it can
be distributed to the interior towns of the
South. The Columbia and Hamburg Rail
Road, which will constitute one of tho links
of the " Great Seaboard Mail Line" from Now
York to New Orleans, runs within a mile or
two of the town..
The Aiken and Ninety six Rail Road has
been surveyed and located, and eventually
will be built to afford an outlet Jo tho pro
duce of the Great West that will pour over
the Blue Ridge Rail Road ; the Port Royal
Rail Road, which joins the City of Augusta
to the deep water of Port Royal, one of the
finest harbors bf the world, has aiso been ful
ly surveyed, laid out and partially grad?t?,
and runs but a few miles South of the town.
So that the place will be surrounded on all
sides by the most ample facilities for trans
portation by rail, to say nothing cf tar abun
dant carrying means afforded to the lumber
trade by the natural channels of the Edisto
and Savannah rivers.
The markets of all sections are thus laid
open to our producers, and the demand for
the produce will be steady and increasing.
Communications with the teeming prairie
lands of the Northwest, by means ot a sb?n.
and direct route to the Atlantic coast, will
be such an advantage to them as to itnjpre its
early completion, and tho great towns of Cin-1
cinnati, Memphis and St. Louis will transact
their foreign business along a line of road
on which our town is advantageously si',
vated.
The soil is admirably adapted to the cul
turo of grapes, peaches, figs and other fruiti.
and in this respect affords line opportunity
for the employment of the numerous invalid;
whose health would permit of out-duor exer
cise. The earth presents just that mixture of
chemical proportions in which thc mulberry
tree delights, so that the growth of silk co
coons could be entered upon to much adva
tage. In fact, when cultivated with, energy,
and a proper opplication is made of "the fer
tiiizing agents of the agriculturists, the far
mer cnn direct and increase the productions
of nature at his will, and control at pleasure
the yield of his land.
Nor is this the only mode in which the coun
try is susceptilrle of improvement and its re.
sources of development. The situation of the
ridge on which we live*- at an elevation ol
four hundred feet, above the city of Augusta
from which it is.only sixteen miles distant,
and of three hundred feet above Granitcville,
five miles off, will give some idea not only of
the rapid and thorough drainage which it en
joys, but of the immense power which might
bo used for manufacturing purposes afforded
by the numerous streams and creeks flowing
from these high lands.
Already some forty or fifty saw-mills have
been erected and engaged in sawing pine
lurnbep, some of which is consumed here and
the remainder floated down the river to thc
coast, where it commands the higjiest prices,
0? the soft yellow pine lumber of this region
is well known to dealers. As yet all othor
species of timber areutterly ignored, although
varions t?nds- abonnd,- that. are. eJ*o*jtbere
deemed most valuable. '
Tho success that has attended the mann
factoring e-uablishmeuts located on Horse
Creek, demonstrates the practicability and ad
vunUges of such enterprises. That of Vau
cluse, (seven mi'es from Aiken), founded in
.ltJ2, was tho pioneer. It is built of Granite
found on the spot, and employs probably
some 300 persons iu making yarns, OSIl&burgS
and drills.
T'ic cotton fuctory and village of Granite
vide is au object of more than orJanary in
.terest. The general appearance o? the town
the neat, .md symmetrical style in whic'.i the
houses cf the operatives are built, the beau
tiful garden and fountains attached to the
factory for their c'-joy'ineiit ; the attention
paid to hygienic matters, police and educa
tion ; the eoodit;on of the roads, s'reels and
canal, shaded by large trees ; the picturesque
cemetery ; the forethought and the judgment
that ba? evidently been exercised to produce
such a complete effect, all attract attention,
and it is generally admitted to be a model
manufacturing village, unsurpassed in the
United States, and the heavy dividends and |i
the scarcity of tho stock on the market, shows
how profitable it has been.
At Bath, some niue miles distant, is p.n ex
tens i ve'paper mill, which is kept busily em
ployed in making various qualties' of paper.
As an illustration, the following anecdote may
be pertinent: A Society in Augusta -^ceding
"a quantity of paper recently sent to New
York in order to get a superior article. When
it. arrived they found it had been manufactur
ed within six miles of home at tho Bath Mill-,
sent to New York aud then returned.
At Kaolin, twelve miles off, is a porcelain
factory, and at Kalmia Mills a Company has
been actively engaged in the creation of a
very huge establishment for m-iking cotton
goods, calculated to afford cmploymeil to one
thousand hands, aud which is expected to be
in operation by next fall. A charte r hes also
recently been granted to the Rose Mill man
ufacturing Comnany, to be located on the
head waters of Tiukers Creek, eight miles'
Southeast of Aiken.
As yet these water powers have not receiv
ed the attention they merit. The streams
aro never failing, and capable of driving thc
machinery for hundreds of mills, and unlike
manv in more Northern latitudes, are not af
fected by the ill effects of the extreme cold.
COXCLCDED NEXT WEEK.
jpgC" A very respectable lady of Union
City, Ind., who has been a verystrong Repub
lican in ber feefings came to the polls and of
fered to vote, which, of .course was refused,
when she replied, very indignantly, " Just as
I thought-niggers before women."
Bay- The latest invention is the " palpita
ting bosom," for the ladies, which gently
" heaves " by the touch of au emotional spring
concealed under the left arm.
23g** Dr. Hall, in an elaborate article in
his Journal of Health, on cholera and its
treatment, takes the ground that calomel is
the only remedy, and. that to employ any
other is to trifle with human life..
U@*PAT EXPLAINS A DIFFICULT'THING.
'.But if I placo my raonoy in the savings
bank," inquired one of the newly arrived,
II when can I draw it out again ?" " Ob,"
responded his Hibernian friend, 11 sure, an if
you put it in to-day, you can get iUout again
to-morrow by giving a fortnight's notice."
A merchant died suddenly after wri
ting a letter to one of his correspondents.
His clerk wroto at the bottom, tt Since writing
the above I have died," and sent the letter.
BS?" A farmer refused to hire ?.n Irishman,
because two previously hired by him had died
on his hands. "Faith," said lie, "I have
wrought in many a place, anti niver once
played sich a trick."
BS?P? The most remarkable occurrence of
the season, says the Jackson (Miss.) Clarion,
is the roccipt, by a gentleman in Grenada, of
a letter from Vicksburg making inquiries
concerning thc ownership of one hundred and
eighty bales of cotton sent from Yalobusha
county three years ago and still lying in Vicks
burg unclaimed.
jfr@" A negress speaking of her children,
said of one'whiter wva the retit, ''she could
not bar dat ar chile, fcase heshotr dirt ao eas/."
Disguise Thrown Off
The proceedings of the first session of the
Anti-Slavery Society, held in New York, un
der the Presidency of Wendell Phillips, on
Tuesday lost, manifest tbe real purpose, with
. out any attempt at disguise, of the Radical
party. Wendell Phillips said, amid much ap*
plause, that he hated the word constitution,
and called upon Congress to " continue in
session forever," and at " whatever cost," or
" by the exercise of whatever despotism," to
secure the safety of tho nation-meaning the
Rad i cal. party. He confessed that his language
waa U. revolutionary," but said that to talk
otherwise was to surrender the results of the
war. Wo append two of the numerous reso
lutions adopted :
" Resolved, That the rebellion . has not
ceased ; it has only changed its weapons.
Once it fought, now it intrigues ; once it fol
lowed Lee in arms, now it follows President
Johnson in guile and chicanery ; once it had
its headquarters in Richmond, now it encamps
in tho White House.
" Resolved, That the President has betrayed
the loyal North ; is bent on giving U over,
bound hand and foot, into the bands of its
once conquered foe ; that he should long ago
have been impeached for gross usurpation in
his high powers to aid rebellion, and for the
treasonable purpose of defeating the secure,
and peaceful settlement of the nation."
Those of our readers who are familiar witt
the antecedents of the Chief Just'ce of the
United States, may be disgusted but cannot
be surprised, when they learn that he sent to
this revolutionary society a letter approving
its objects. As the matter stands, ?te Chief
Justice of tho United States is placed before
the co intry as the advocate of revelation and
of the impeachment of the President, over
whioh it is his constitutional duty to preside,
tbe Senate sitting as the court-Richmond
Whig. _ _ .
THE DIRECT TAX.-rWe are under obliga
tions to the courtesy of Judge W. E. Wording,
one of the Commissioner-! of the Direct Tax
for this State, for the following statement.
I'h? tax is levied under an Act of the Con
gress of the United States, passed in 1862,
ind ?3 now being collected under instructions
3f tho Secretary of the Treasury. It will bo
remembered that durang the recent session of
the Legislature of this State, at the sugges
tion of Governor Orr, the Secretary was me .
morialized to permit the assumption of this
tax by the State, as a measure of relief to her
citizens, and that in reply he stated that the
pian was impracticable, on account ef the ex
isting law on tho subject. He is personally
in favot> of the request, however, and has
brought the matter to the attention of Con
gress. In the meanwhile the collection of
.Le tax has uninterruptedly gone on with the
following result :
Ascertained quota of the State.?363,570.6
Paid up to the 1st instant,
on Assessment_?204,005.79
Paid by sale of Lands in St.
Helena and St. John's
Colletpn for fai' are to pay
as assessed...._11,593.80- 215,599.59
Balucce due by tho State.$147,971.03
Of which ?1,750 has been paid in since the
1st of May.
---- ? ? ?
DIVORCED WITHOUT KNOWING IT.-The
New Albany correspondent of the Louisville
Ooorier tel 1 s.thia singular story :
loaring, the present session of the Ciro'ut
Court quite a number cf misnialed individu
als have been granted divorces, which the
parties joyfully accepted as relieving them
from matrimonial infelicities which, ic their
language, made life irksome and unendurable.
But among them is a case whicrh, in its origin
?nd result is probably unparalleled in the ju
dicial annals of the country. A divorce waa
granted in the case of McCartney vs. McCart*
ney, but neither of the parties knew anything
)f the pendency of the suit; neither of them
was present when the decree was rendered,
and only learned through their friends that
their marital bonds were sundered.* They
are. and have been living together most hap
pily, entirely satisfied with each other, and
are strongly disposed to demur to the singular
and summary process by which their happy
relations were dissolved. How tho case got
into court is entirely unknown -to the parties,
ut it is supposed to be the work of soaio
mad joker or envious benedict. Of course
the parties will have to get married again or
grocure a reversal of the decree. This is
another and forcible illustration of the loose
manner-in which the divorce business is man
aged in Indiana.
< > ? ?
THE NEGROES VS THE GALLERIES OF CON
GRESS IN* WASHINGTON.-The Washington
correspondent of the Philadelphia Sunday
Mercury thus writes :
" The negroes at tie Capitol have taken
complote possession of all the public place?,
and on Wednesday last we counted 234 con
trabands, of the filthiest character, in the gal
lery of the House, and as we left, in utter
disgust and amazement, thc darkeys were
pouring in." A large number of them hud
baskets, with their dinner, which they eat iu
tbe galleries, as though it were an eating sa
loon. The cushions are filled with vermin,
and it will take many a bottle of Lyon's
powder to kill off the creeping things that
stick so close to the filthy contrabands.''
g?y* Uncle Sam had a neighbor who was.
in the habit of wot king on Sunday, but after
a while ho joined the church. One day he
met a minister to whose church he belonged.
.' Well, Uncle Sam," said he,' " do you see
any difference in Mr. P. since he joined tho
church ?" * " Oh, yes," said Uncle Sam, " a
great difference. Before, when ho went out
to mend his fence on Sunday, he carried his
axe on his shoulder, but now he carries it
under his overcoat."
PAST PRAYING.-A correspondent of a
New York Radical paper complains that a
number of Methodist ministers, whom he met
on a Mississippi steamer, while on their way
to the General Conference at New Orleans,
prayed night and morning for tho President,
but did not once pray for Congress. This
complaint is just. The President doesn't
need praying tor particularly, while if there
ever was anything on this earth that did, it is
the present Congress. The ministers in ques
tion, however, may have thought the concern
past praying for. In that case, they were not
so much to blame.
TREATMENT OF THE AGED.-A little thought
ful attention-how happy it makes the old 1
They hav.e outlived most of the friends of
their early youth. How lonely .their hours !
Often their partners in lifo have long filled
silent graves ; often their children they have
followed to the tomb. They staud solitary,
bending on their staff, waiting till the same
call shall reach them. How often they must
think of absent, lamented faces, of the love
which cherished them, and their tears of sym
pathy which fell with theirs, now all gone 1
Why should not the young cling around and
comfort them, cheering their gloom with songs
and happy smiles ?
Tho death of a Mormon bishop is thus
announced : He was thirty-seven years old, and
leavos an interesting family, of eleven W?VCB and
forty-seven small children to mourn his death.
pgr Governor Walker, of Florida, has issued
a proclamation to the people, announcing the
close of military role iii that State, with tbe ex
ception of military courts -in certain cases, and
the rejumpijon of civil liberty.