Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, May 30, 1866, Image 1

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:.] \ t BT PU Ri SOE, KEEi.SE & CO. ?.llll|l|,Pl|,"."l.'lll,l,".l,i|Ml,H,l'l1n,/'l,l>ll'l,l..Hl,'!,!.,,'!,,! ^".."H,!.,,.,.i. 'J. . : ? EDGEFIELD, S. C.; MA11CH 7, 1866. VOLUME X?X?.--N0. 10. CARRIAGE MANUFACTORY TUE Subscribers respectfully announce that they are now prepared to do all work in the COACH MAKING and REPAIRING BUSI NESS that m ty be entrusted to them, in a work manlike manner, and with neatness and dispatch. We havo on hand a few CARRIAGES aad su perior BUGGIES, of our own muuufacturc, which wo will sell low. All kinds of REPAIRING 3one promptly and warranted to give satisfaction. As we sell ONLY FOR CASH, our prices are unusually reasonable. AU wo ask is a trial. SIT?IT1? & JOSES. Mar 7 tf 10 FISK'S PATENT METALLIC BURIAL CASES GASK?TS ! THE Subscriber has just received an assort ment of these beautiful Ro.-ewood finish METALLIC BURIAL CASES and CASKETS Air-tight and indestructible-for protecting and preserving tho Dead-which he will sell a: bul a moderate advance on original co?t and transporta tion. "Wherever introduced these Cases have the preference over all'others. J Orders promptly filled. Terms, of course, I strictly Cash. J. M. WITT. I Edgcfield, Mar 13 tf ll STABLES ! L !V. TEAGUE, F EDGEFIELD, S. C HAS leased the Whitaker Stables for thc pur pose of conducting a general SALE AND LIVERY STABLE BUSINESS. HOUSES left in bis charge will receive thc best n tren ti JP BUGGIES, CARRIAGES and HACKS, and good gentle HORSES, to hire -jvhenfcver culled for. DROVERS will lind ample accommodation at my Stables. Terms reasonable. Feb 14 tf UNDERWRITER'S AGENCY, Till Subscriber baviugJj?.en appointed Agent of .bo . GERMANIA* HANOVER. NIAGARA & ??EPIJ3L?C FIRE ?KS?ttlANCE 4 COMPANIES Of N.'w York,-tl.c aggregate Cash Assetts ol which is NEAR TURKS MILLIONS OF DOL LARS-w prepared to take risks against loss or damage by Fi;c on liberal term?. Z. W. CARWILE, Agent. . Feb 13_.tf_ 7 Fresh Arrivals molt New York ! WE HAVE JUST RECEIVED FROM XEV.' YORK A LARGE AND WELL SELECTED .STOCK cr DB?GS, MEDICINES, AND FANCY ARTICLSS, W n I C ll WILL D E S 0 I. D A T Tiie Very Lowest Living Prices ?S5*Physicians' billa filled at Augusta prices. Call and try us. TEAGUE ? CARWILE. Apr iS tf 17 Spring and Summer GOOD THE Subscriber is now receiving his Stock of j SPRING AND SUMMER tlOUDS direct from Charleston, consisting of CALICOES, MUSLINS, GINGHAMS, COTTONADES, STRIPES, CROWN AND PLANTER'S LINEN, SHIRTINGS, SHEETINGS, LONG CLOTHS, BED TICK, &c. Ladies, Misses and Men's HATS AND BONNETS ; Ribbons, Flowers, Wreaths, Plumes, Gloves, Veils, Hosiery, LADIES, MISSES, MEX AND CHILDREN'S \ ROOTS AND SHOES, GROCERIES, HARDWARE, CROCKERY,.' SADDLES, BRIDLES, GIRTHS, SURCIN GLES, ' With many other articles too tedious to mention, which will be sold at the lowest market price ior CASH ONLY. B. C. BRYAN, Agent. Mar 21 If J 2 B. SMITH & .00. -o I^J?"w Store A T 2VTt. Vintage. UST oponed at MOUNT VINTAGE, (thc late residence of Mr. F. O'CONNOR,) a varied as sortment of Dry Goods & Groceries, BOOTS AND S?IOES, Hats and Gaps, AND ALL THE USUAL ARTICLES KEPT IN COUNTRY STORES. jp^-Goods not on f ur shelves will bc procured at short notice. TERMS REASONABLE,, and a fair fcharc of patronage solicited. Mt. Vintage, Dc! ll_fim50 SPECTACLES - ~Fov Old and Youn^ 1HAVE on hind alarga and dioico variety of SPECTACLES, including Patent Perescopic LENS and genuine Scotch PEBBLES. Also, EYE GLASSES, EYE PROTECTORS, Ac. Givo me a call? I Jan suit yonr Eves. D. F. M eli M'EN. Oft 31 _|f_ _ To the Public. DV. McEWEN, haring received n COM . PLETR A S.SUR M EXT OF WATCH Ul VTEK1 A.LS, would respectfully inf..rm hit friends and th? public gonerally that he is now prepared to exocote, with dispatch, all work in the Walch Repairing: Department. ?3?""AU work don* by him will bo warranted. .JU! ??vlf? of HAIR WORK and SOLID GOLE JEWELRY m-.dc io order. TERMS CASH. Wo work wUl bo allowed U leave lb? Shop until paid for. Oct31 ti 4i J Helen Gray. Because one loves you, Helon Gray, Is tbat a reason you should pout, < And like a March wind veer about, And frown, r.nd say your shrowish say! Don't strain the chord until it snaps, Don't split the sound heart with your wcdg-i, * * Don't cut your fingers with thc edge Of your kceu wit ; you may, perhaps. I Because your'u handsomo Helen Gray, Is that a reason to he proud ? . Your eyes aro bold, yonr laugh is loud, Your steps go mincing on their way ; But so you miss that modest charm Which is the surost charm of all; Take heed you may yet trip and fall, Ard no man care to stretch his arm. Stoop from your cold height, nden Gray, Como down, and take a lowlier place, Come dov.n, to fill it now with grace; Como down you must per forco sprue day; Fer yoar?- cannot bo kept .it hay,. And fading years will make you old; Then ia your turn will men seem cold, When you yourself are nipped and gray. BEPOBT ON THE RESOURCES OF TnE PROPOS ?D New District of Calhoun, So. Ca., WITH PRACTICAL INFORMATION* FOB InMI CHAN "IS AND PERSONS A?TF.CTED WITH PULMONARY COMPLAINTS. u Tho varieties cf climate, soil.and capacities of different countries inducos nations as well us iiJi viduals to select those pursuits for which they have some natural or acquired advantage, nn"i by this division of labor tho aggregate production is largely increased." COUNCIL CHAMBER, March 1, iSG ?. At a meeting of Council held tub d5y, on tnotiou, 1 hu billowing preamble and, resolu tions wero unanimously adopted : Whereas, The number of negro laborer* formerly residing in ibid section of the fc tare hftsj cinco emancipation, been diminished >vei t??ey per cent, by emigration to tho coasi and by (letfth, and our citi&ms s?riot-sly moonve u?eneed fur the want of domestic servants, gardeners, in? cbanics and farm laborer* : and whereas, it would bo eminently conducive t' our interests to bave their places supplie] by thrifty and industrious white laborer*, and be lieving that if tho attention of emigrant* should bo directed to thc adv.ini.ago-> ar..? op portunities ??ero offered by our central ora tion, roil road facilities, water powers, k-iolin and bchrftou? dupo??tes, potteries, BUW mills ?cd factories, with a climate ansurpaesed in the United States, antra soil peculiarly .d.ip ted to thc culturo ol the finest fruit.; and grapes, that our h?ls and valleys would som: bo teetni?g with a happy attd contented pup illation and our prosperity materially ad vanced, ?ie it Resolved, By the Inlcndanl sud War dens of Aiken in Council assembled, that a Commit! oe of Seven bc appointed, of which thc Intendant shall bc ex-ofncio Chaine tu, to adopt such measurer "?u Tn their j td; tbcnt ! willoring those advantages pron: iiictiy for-. waid, to correspond wirb pit tics dpsir-irsof| locating, and advising ?ind assisting ?nek ; may desi.".- li? locate in ibis vicinity. ll- UjHrthsr Resohai, That tl? follow i nj f-euilemeu lui appointed a.*i said i":?u?Miitee, .'i/.: Mr.*E. J. U. Wood, Col. VY. P. Finley. K?V. J. II. Cornish, Dr. L. C. Du cm, A. Collin, E:q.,'f. E. Chapman and L. S.Bens-m W. A. SCHMIDT, in tendant, ex-oificic.Clia r "(Signe*!) B.J. RODGERS, Cleik ol' Council. To thu Honorable Tomi Council of Aiken: Your Committee to whom wa? referred tho r?solu ions in relcrencc '"lo adopting such measures as would laing tho resources of this section of our. State to the notitv of capital ?stn and immigrant"*,'' ask h-avo to report in part: Next to the re-establish ment ol'Civil Government, lhere is no question of moro vital interest to the South, than that of labor and its judicious application in developing the natura' resources which abonni. The expediency of diversifying our purs ut?, in stead of devoting attention exclusively to the production of the <jrcat sta pies; as bas Lore tolore boon the cuxoni, and the necessity of inviling labor and capital from abroi.d, is be coming moro and more apparent nuder thc changed circumstances in H hieb wc are now placed. Much in general terms has lietn paid apd written of " thc immense linden loped re sources of ike South" but iheic arc xry Jew who are informed as io thc peculiar advanta ges or special aptitudes of any ?.articular section; therefore ono of the first Midmost practicable steps that can be adopted to re vive the foi-mer prosperity of these States, is to disseminate reliable information regarding thc opportunities ;'or profitable employment offered by t he specialities of each section. . Speaking of such special aptitude i, Mills in his " Commerce Defended," pago .'18. remarks : " As the same country is tendered richer by the trade of one province with another, as its labor" becomes thus infinitely more divided and more productive than it could otherwise have been-and as the mutual interchange ol the commodities which one province has and another wants, multiplies thc comforts and accommodations of the whole, am the coun try becomes thus in a wonderful degree, more opulent and happy; so, ihe sima beautiful train of consequences is seen in ti e world at large-tbat vast empire of which tho differ ent kingdoms may be regarded as provinces. One province is favorable to tho production of one species of produce, and another province of another. By their mutual intercourse, mankind are enabled to distribute their labor, as best lits tba geuius of each particular country and peopK Thc indu-try of the whale is thus rendered incomparably more productive, and every snoei.-.s ol necessary, useful and agreeable acecunroodation is obtain ed in much greater abundance and with infi nitely loss expense." Inc proper application of lal or requires not univ a knov/?edge of the resources of a country ia general terms, l ut discrimination as'to'Vi'hal pursuits would prove profitable tO certain ctusscs or individuals. In th*** view your Committee have collated either from their cwn"porsonal experience and observa tion, br from reliable ii?fornihtior. of others bri whom the}' ran depend, Mich facts regard ing some of the most prominent resources ol the section of .country included in " tho p:o posed N?w District of Callion- ,*' in connec tion with items of a more general nature re ferring to the State at large, as will enable capitalists and immigrants to form a correct upi mon. It is evident that reliable information of a oractical ?ud reliable character will bo eager ly sought for, not ouly by foreigners, but by very many in the Northern Stales who are desirous of jza ten rig some of tue new fields just opening, and which hove hitherto been neglected or ignored. Unless citizens who may bc acquainted with the capabilities of any sei tion ?iv? pub licly tt> the lacis, many years !uu-t elapse ire iho'0 resources can be developed, and as whatever affects io any appreciable degree any one element of tht social State or St-ction of country affects through it ad the Other ele menu- and sections, your Corri nitto would ex press the hope thnt E 'Hors of Newspaper-*, Commissioners of Emigration aud others wiil lend t heir assistance in extending publicity to some of tho accompanying sb temen Ls. Of 19,000,000 of acres of laud in South Carolina, over 14,000,000 are now uncultiva ted. The primitive foresta still cover the larger part of this vast estent of land, the average density of the white population being only a little over ten to the square milo. This State ?3 about equally divided between thc primitive and alluvial region, the latter extending about ono hundred miles from the coast. Near the sea the lands aro generally low and flat, ascending and becoming more and more hill}' as you proceed Westward, un til they attain an ?evatiou of near 3000 feet, including marked varieties of climate and soil. I i Its low lands, middle legion and mountain | < tracts seem like so many different countries ; some having the characteristic^ of Switzer- j land, whilst others have those, of Hindost?n t -and capable ol producing any of tins plants c of the temporale zone, besides many pertain- ? ing to the tropics, with water power in abun- t dance and mineral deposits uncared for. j That portion near the coast has been prin- 1 cipally occupied by planters owning' largo Slings of negroes and rast tracts ot' land ; f whilst the North and West have be;n mostly c settled by minali farmers. C Lands being cheap, the practice Ins gene- I rally prevailed of planting the largest area a of land possible without manuring-cotton picking giving occupation during the winter r. and fall-thus exhausting thc soil and de- j pending on clearing new fields, or moving to t the virgin lands ol the far West. The com- E parativnly small increase of population in this b State may be attributed in a great measure, s to this unfortunate practice. Those pleasant e associations which cluster around the "homo- v stead " were too frequently wanting ; the cm- e bellishmerit and adornment ol' a place likely ? to be abandoned waa neglected; and the n houses and iraprovomenta were of a t?mpora- w rv character, and when offered for sale but c little value was attached to any improvement, n most frequently the property bringing notbirg v more than the current value of the lands. The changed circumstances of th 2 property holders now necessarily throws on the market estates of all kinds. Some are obliged to sell a portion in order to obtain mear.s of culli va'iug the remainder; otbors prefer moving to some die-nnt country rather than exert themselves among their former associates or di'ptindanls. Consequently, lands are freely <<(r-..-rcd fe; sale nt prices raDftiug from one to fifty dollars an acre. In this locality the general price is from two to ten dollars averaging, perhaps, three dollars per acre. In Barnwell District, in which Aiken is situated, in 1805 taxes were paid on 1.0124,. :i.';0 actes of land, divided as follows: '.'0 persons returned 50 acres or loss. 757 persons returned lOO to 500 acres. 0:23 persons returned 500 to IOHO ?cres. 184 persons returned J DUO to 2000 acres. 5b' persona returned 200O to 3000 acres. 34 persons returned 3?UD to 4000 acre*. y persons returned 4t>00 lo 5000 acres. lit persons returned 6000 to 20,000 acres. | st This was exclusive of town lots, valued at $474,200. (Jvcr 1 OOO miles of rail ro:".ds have already boen built in ?bis State, and several lines have been located, some ol' which are now being construe'eil According to thc Complroller'slleport, i860, I ^ po[ State being 103,000, thc taxes did not amount 10 il per head. 1 Tbe tomi indebtedness of the State nt (hat w time ita* SC.?!*? 155, including $1,000,000 re- Cl .-viv. ft Iron! th? Nat ion ?ii (b.voriitneiit, which ',J will 1...; prr.hnbly bo tailed tut ; besides hold- 01 i'n : r:ii! ru id and othftrstocks which cost $2,- ^ 051, 600, and having a million and a half to 11 toe credit of the sinking fund. As the small debt incurred during thc war e will have io be repudiated before the Slate P' will b-' allowed representation, it will be seen ^ that the financial condition wi i I bo better than ? in those Slates which are loaded with heavy debts, cort mcred for internal improvements, " uiid raising and assisting soldiers during the f; war, :i> is generally the case in thc North and . West. Taxation has td ways been compara- 11 lively light in Ibis Slate. This year tho as- Vl wssinent is 15 cents on the hundred dollars, n ur 15 IOU of one per cent, on real property. . Thc uc i1.1l appropriations for schools are 0 temporarily suspended, but will probably soon ht? resumed. In 1 5??;0 they amounted to b ?73 000 for free schools, and $51,000 for c? other educational institutions. T By ibo new Constitution, immigrants are u granted the right of suffrage, tull and unre- p stricted, two years after declaring their inten- si don to become citizens ? and there is but lit- r( tie doubt, from tho general interest manifest- p ed, but that tlfe Legislature at itc next session ti will adopt measures to encourage immigra- ft tion. The fidelity of the foreign population to thc Southern cause will 'always be ap predated. j Lines of steam packots and sailiug vessels _ connect Charleston and Savannah with the D Northern cities, and from those points rail c road.-* radiate over all the Southeastern States, the usu :il fare: being about five cents per mile in first class cars. The Presidents of thc various lines propose [ holding a Convention this summer to arrange a system of reduced rates for tue transporta tion ol emigrants and their effects. ?l The only bope that tbe South will not re lapse into the condition of Jamaica and the 1 otser West India Islands depends on foster- c ?og white labor ; for the characteristics of thc a negro is the same herc as there, with tho dis- ? advantages of being so suddenly released ^ from bondage. Constitutionally lazy, natu- ? rally improvident, ignorant and warm blooded, the disease which scourge vic, ignorance and ? poverty must matre fearful havoc with this unhappy race. Like tho Indians, they arc c addicted to intemperance ; ?.nd in asimilar r manner will they disappear before thc supe- c rior energy of thc Anglo-Saxon race. That they ure already diminishing at a most fear ful rate is tbe concurrent testimony from all f quarters. Thc comraon.estimate of their loss since lSiiO is 1,000,000 of lives, or ono quar ter of their whole number. lu this'vicinity there ar-; not probably n third tho number that were bete January, 1805, many having migrated to the coast lands. The most of those remaining have entered into couliacts to work, and in so mo cases are doing well ; but very frequently they leave their employ ers without notice or assigning any reason, and the demand far laborers ii such that when so disposed they readily obtain other employment. In this immediate locality the demand for laborers far exceeds tlc supply, especially for such as arc conversant with tho employ ments puisucJ here, viz: vino dressers and wino makprs, distillers, horiicullur.ilists and mill, rs or machinists, who understand running saw and grist-mills with Vater-power. Farmers need ordinary laborers on farms, and families are more than anxious to obtain white domestic servants, gardeners and host lers. Several proprietor.) of orchards and vineyards are anxiously scckiug competent persons to take charge of farms on shares, or pa"-t profits, and willing to furnish rations until tho crops aro made; and a number of saw mills are now lying idle for wan tot labor, as the owners dare not rely on free negro la b..r in such cnterprines. The employment of slaves in other than agricultural pursuits or as domestic servants, having been very generally discountenanced, dependence was bad for all manufactured gooda--even Ibo most bulky and difficult of transportation; on importations, consfquent lv bm few mechanics were to be found. Jf a watch needed a chrystal, or a knife a rivet, or even a tin pan needed mending, it had to be sent lo the cities, often moro than one hon drecl railes distant. During the war th of skilled mechanics was felt and acl edge J to be seriously detrimental^ our cut off as we were by the blockade fro former sources of supply. Now, there is a disposition'to encc and support industrious and competer zens, and it will take many hands and rears to replace the thousands of ai destroyed bj the soldiers or worn out d the great struggle. Energetic workma rely on being well compensated. As an illustration ; in this town ther "air opening for either of the following ti ?specially to such as have sufficient capii ?upply themselves with the reqoisite m ils : Cabinet maker, saddler, turner, w naker, wheelwright, whitesmith, millwi :arpenter, barber, die, as is evidenced b iucccss that has attended the baker am ailor who have been located here for i 'ears, showing that attention to detail: mild up a business. The streams in the neighborhood won ord excellent locations for the establiahi >f work 6hopa for making articles of e lay uso and necessity, which now have t irougbt from a distance, although tho ma ,1s of which they are composed abound -such as articles for house building, < irising door?, sashes, mouldings, balus fcc, coopers' ware, brooms, baskets, agri ural tools, household utensils, wagons, c? aats, pottery, tiles, bricks, &c. Lands, 1 er and living being cheap, and as th^se imilar articles arc in crnstant demand, c r at home or in the neighboring cities \ rhich Aiken is connected by rail roads, vident that such occupations would j Lrrargemcnts for water privileges coule lade on most favorable terms even by tl; rbi) may not.have sufficient capital to j hase the lariat'; and the requisito tools i ?achinery for son-e of these branches be erv simple, commencements might be m; i a small wny, to be afterwards enlarged. The principle growth of our forests is Lately and useful yellow pine, which affo :?e excellent ?umber, rosin and turpentine ommercc. liberally intermixed with the mi iitrdy oak, hickory and walnut. Cypn edar, poplar, with many other woods use >r ornamental or substantial purposes, i \?o to be found around us in abundance, a rovide tho most ample supply of matci >r the various mechanical trades. Norwh ature has t hus lavished upon our land a ri :ore of valuable productions; has she been ll delinquent in bestowing upon it the w nd beautiful adornments with which 6ho "Ont to deck her favorites. . J In Ibo spring our woods and WU sides a rilliant, with the glowing tints and dazzli ues of thc honeysuckles, and jcssmiin 'hieb canopy the undergrowth and climb t jluinns ol' the forest, shedding exquisi prftiir.c on thc vernal air; with tho varieg :d kalmia and broad silvery dogwood bte >tns ; with the delicate iris and tue mode iolet which enamel the pastures and glade liile tlc sweet bay? load the morning ar /ening air with a pene'trating and delicio' lor; and the mocking bird, tho niyldinoa f the South, pours upon the ear a -flood iclody in notes moro clear, more sweet at ?ried, thin the far-famed songs of tho Pc an Bulbul,.and" all corubiue to form a acci rwn'c???fiTT^ff wide in itself a p ira and unmixed luxury. Many of the planfs which abound in ot ooiis and swamps, possess valuable pharm: letical properties, and their collection an reservation would undoubtedly prove a meat f lucrative gain to such as might feel di: ?sod to undertake so easy and simple lotbod of paining a livelihood. Among thos hieb have hitherto boen treated with a ne; ?ct which they are far from deserving, is th grsitnmon or Sou/fun), date. This tru?, linallie tree is indigenous throughout tb oath, and furnishes au abundant crop of elicious fruit, much of which hangs on th .ces nearly all winter, ita large proportion c iccharine matter preserving it from decay his fruit can bc dried like thc fig, or dis lied into brandy, or it can be made into i ??ry rcfreslrog and agreeable beer ; but it mst frequent use is for fattening hogs ant [her small stock that are allowed to roam ibi ld pastures in which it grows most freely. Various kind? of willow grow wild on flu auks cf our streams, and the osier can bi asily propogatcd in moist soils from cuttings 'he making of baskets either plain or orna ?ental would prove a most remunerative em loyment,. as the demand for them is exton ve, and it is an occupation easily learned rquiring but few and simple tools. So Birn ie is it in its operations that in many insti jtes for the blind it is scleeted as best adapt?e ir their occupation. Thc climate of South Carolina Correspond? -ith that of thc South of France, Italy, Mid ie Asia and China, which are considered as mong the most favored perls of the globe; cing?a medium between the tropical and olcHemperatc latitudes : and the position, xposurc and descriptions of soil in this vi inity correspond almost exactly with thc laces, where, according to French authors, he finest vineyards are situated. Here it is a rare occurrence to see ice a uartor of an inch thick, thermometer not iillinf ns low as 30 degrees Fahrenheit more han eight or ton days in the year, and dol? ale plants like the fig, the promgianate, the ??alis and the jessamine flourish in tho open fr . and in summer tho.thermometer as sel ?om rises as high as 95 degrees during the lay, and at night it is requisite to have a danket convenient for use. Vegetation gen Tally lies dormantabouteight or nine weeks. Carly plants, such as peaches, plums, maples, fcc. blossoming about thc middle of Februa y, and the first frosts about tho latter part if November. * * * .. * * # Contiguous to thc seaboard throughout the >outh the lands are low and flat, seldom ris nf moro than one hundred feet above tho eVel of the ocean and but a few feet above he general level bf the rivers, consequently tro subject to inundations from freshets aud ill tides. The quality of thc 6oil thus fonn jd by the alluvial deposits, washed from the jp country during centuries, and estimated o bc nearly half an inch iu depth annually, s of a similar character to that of thc delta of ihe Mississippi or tho Nil?. As the freshets sweep nwuy all improvements, and consider ?le difficulty attends removing tho timber, Dut little value is attached to those lands'ex cept aa a range for cattle or stock. Their area ;n South Carolina alone is computed to exceed ane million of acres. Actual surveys of tho principal ?wamps de monstrate thepr.tcti-tbility of draining them. The immense profits attending tho reclama tion of such louds., fhc quick returns and cer tainty of success, ofter a field for tho profita ble investment of _ capital far surpassing tho chances existing in oil speculations, that aro now so popular. On some lands nature can bo made to contribute au annual coating of manure, and others can be irrigated at will by a proper system of engineering. Ex-Gov ernor Hammond having a large body of such swamp lauds lying on thc Savannah River, about sixteen miles from Aiken, determined to make thom available By correct system of banking and ditching he brought thom un der cultivation, and they now yield from eigh ty to one hundred bushels of corn per acre, worth cn the spot from seventy-five cents to ono dollar' and twenty-five cents per bushel. These swamps on the banks of the princi pal rivers frequently extend from one to six miles in depth. By selecting locations where bluffs or high lands extend to the streams, comparatively short embankments required. Taking a tract ten miles long, wi rage depth of one mile, and allowi pense of the dam, ditches, locks, & $10,000 per mile (aa much as rail rc and two dollars paid for the land, tin pense would be $20 per acre. Th the swamps the less would be thepi ate expenne. Tho lands would, wflet ed, certainly he worth the value of c yield ; and whilst reclaiming the lam uable timbers could be made an a Bource of profit, and thus from 100 ti cent, realized in two or three yeal properly managed. In India, China, Egypt, the Mississippi Valley, and el similar lands have been reclaimed h af far greater magnitude than would required. The town of Aiken is pleasantly >n the righ ridge of land that sepan lead-waters of the Edisto Rivor fi dreams that fall into the Savannah, .emarkable for its elevation above tid< laing located at that happy mean wbi )ines most beneficially tbe advantaj n'ne growing region with the braci nvigorating air of a mountainous < Tree from the miasmatic influences w requently attend the moist climate of lection, it is equally devoid of the deli iffects of their cold atmosphere of a ange ; and thc pure dry nature of its i ng like a healthful tonic upon the ex! ungs, and causing the blood to cours enewed and delightful vigor through rered veins, has often been productive nvalid of the happiest results. Ascending gradually irom tho set .long the linc of the South CarolirjaRai ho country presents an apparently lev ace to the eye of the traveler, and he irised to find himself at an elevation mndred feet when he reaches the j ipon wLich Aiken is'sitnated. The town itself is hid out in a ncr ?leasing manner, with wide streets, J ty large trees. It is built upon a di dan from that which has in geueral g d thc growth of our inland towns; ai louses, instead of being gathered to] round.one common centre, are in det roups and vilas. Thestores, howovci .11 arranged on thc main street, wind ight angels tothe Rail Road Avenue, ai ommodious and well supplied with . t may not be out of pince to remark th npeaianco of the town has attracted th uirutiou of thc numerous officers and ; crs who have passed through it, and i lwsys been cjntrasfed most favorably thcr villages of the State. Westward thc country falls away ra swards the Savannah in a series of bi ills ai'd undulating slopes, that f'urni: ?ie lover of the picturesque many seem he wonderful beauty of nature, while enees lay* strewn around him, thick " ? nmal leaves in Valombrosa," that 1 raversing ono of those peculiar geolc armations ol the State which bears ui akablc evidence of maiiae productions eposits. The alluminous formations, that occu inmenso beds of thefiuest porcelain c xe here exposed by the denuding efrec! rater, and lie in rich strati upon tho nr?&cp, m?f.-ta. the hand of the m anata r. Between Aiken and Granileville the rc in mary cases sixty feet thick, v hose on the Savannah River, near Hambt re from tejftgjo fifteen, and arc of unsurj d purity. (SecTuoroys Geology of S karolina, p. Ml.) Eastward and Northward from Aileen ?un? declines gradually toward the spar rooded black-jack region of the surroum )istriets, ami prcsonts no features of peet ntcrest. A few miles to thc Suuth of r.wn, on Cedar Creek, lie, Tu consider: lockness, thc very valuable beds of buhr si 'hieb forjn so rich a, part of the mineral we f this section. The rock has a silicified ular structure that lits it admirably for i tones, aud it need only be brought before ..orlj for its great v:?.lue to be properly rreciated and immediately applied. Thi lie most extensive deposit of buhr mill si a tho State ; solid stones ten feet in diam? an be procured, the beds, taken together, ceding thirty feet in thickness. (See Tuoi ?. 11J.) Ure-, volume ir, page 165, speaking ?uhr stone, says " that it constitutes a i arc tjctdoijicul formation, beihg found .bundance oui;/ in the mineral basin of Pt .nd a few adjoining districts, from wbenci s exported chiefly to England and Amer honcs'of six and a half feet in diameter fe ,200 francs apiece, or ?43." Among the large class of invalids who a er in the colder regions of the North, fr inlmonary.diseases, Aiken has long been wi y celebrated for tho peculiarly rcstorat ind healthful effects of its atmosphere, a lumbers have had cause to feel the profot lest'gratitude for the beneficial influences ts climate. Its accessibility to travelers from all dir. .ions, and thc well known salubrity of lituation, has given to the place in all qu ors of thc United States and Canada that mtation to which it is so well entitled, a vhich must continue co increase as its mer is a resort for consumptive patients becoi nore widely known. As a natural resi 'rora the influx of persons in quest of tl greatest boon of nature, good health, the to af society in thc town is much superior diat usually found in country places of t ?ame population, and the social standard much elevated by continued additions frc die better class of persons, who, finding t climate so admirably adapted to the wan af their physical nature* settlo hero and t como permanent residents. Various denominations of religions boll lind their appropriate places of worship hei and are well represented in the sevei Churches scattered throughout the tow Educational interests have always been wt attended to, and in the years proceeding tl violent civil struggle that basso recently sh ken this continent to its centre, a Militai Academy, a Femalo Institute and a freo scho were located in thc limits of the corporatio Theso institutions, whoseexercisos have bet suspended for the past few years, aro to I revived when the growing strength of tl South shall permit attention to bc turne from thc fields of daily labor in which tl slrugglo is now for daily broad, to tho peaci ful pursuits of literature and mental cultivi tion. -There are at present several excelled schools for the primary education of childrei and an institution for boys preparing for co le<*c, which is ably conducted by competer teachers, iu the commodious building orectc by the corporation for the purpose. Since the re-organization of the State Gol crament a Bill has been brought before tb Legislature for the purpose of creating into new District tho section of country lying ac jacont to the town, of which section Aiken i the proposed country seat and centre. The interests of the place and its growin value in the eyes of settlers demand thi change iu the division of the State, and th Bill, having already the sanction of the Con mittee of the legislative body to whom it wa referred, waits only the action of time to bi come a law of tho land. This will add muc to tho worth of real estate, and supply whr has long beeu needed here-a centre to th peculiar interests of this part of the Stab With this impulse and motive tho growth ( the town cannot bo checked, and the rapi development of the natural resources of th land, which lie in such abondance on ever -ride, will bc its legitimate result. With regard to facilities for communicating with the outer world there are advantages here which will give this section additional value. The town of Aiken,-lying as it does directly on the line of the South Carolina Rail Rpad, a trip of a few hours conveys the pro duce of the year to Charleston, from whence it can be exported to-foreign countries, on the other hand, to Augusta, from whence it can be distributed to the interior towns of the South. The Columbia and Hamburg Rail Road, which will constitute one of tho links of the " Great Seaboard Mail Line" from Now York to New Orleans, runs within a mile or two of the town.. The Aiken and Ninety six Rail Road has been surveyed and located, and eventually will be built to afford an outlet Jo tho pro duce of the Great West that will pour over the Blue Ridge Rail Road ; the Port Royal Rail Road, which joins the City of Augusta to the deep water of Port Royal, one of the finest harbors bf the world, has aiso been ful ly surveyed, laid out and partially grad?t?, and runs but a few miles South of the town. So that the place will be surrounded on all sides by the most ample facilities for trans portation by rail, to say nothing cf tar abun dant carrying means afforded to the lumber trade by the natural channels of the Edisto and Savannah rivers. The markets of all sections are thus laid open to our producers, and the demand for the produce will be steady and increasing. Communications with the teeming prairie lands of the Northwest, by means ot a sb?n. and direct route to the Atlantic coast, will be such an advantage to them as to itnjpre its early completion, and tho great towns of Cin-1 cinnati, Memphis and St. Louis will transact their foreign business along a line of road on which our town is advantageously si', vated. The soil is admirably adapted to the cul turo of grapes, peaches, figs and other fruiti. and in this respect affords line opportunity for the employment of the numerous invalid; whose health would permit of out-duor exer cise. The earth presents just that mixture of chemical proportions in which thc mulberry tree delights, so that the growth of silk co coons could be entered upon to much adva tage. In fact, when cultivated with, energy, and a proper opplication is made of "the fer tiiizing agents of the agriculturists, the far mer cnn direct and increase the productions of nature at his will, and control at pleasure the yield of his land. Nor is this the only mode in which the coun try is susceptilrle of improvement and its re. sources of development. The situation of the ridge on which we live*- at an elevation ol four hundred feet, above the city of Augusta from which it is.only sixteen miles distant, and of three hundred feet above Granitcville, five miles off, will give some idea not only of the rapid and thorough drainage which it en joys, but of the immense power which might bo used for manufacturing purposes afforded by the numerous streams and creeks flowing from these high lands. Already some forty or fifty saw-mills have been erected and engaged in sawing pine lurnbep, some of which is consumed here and the remainder floated down the river to thc coast, where it commands the higjiest prices, 0? the soft yellow pine lumber of this region is well known to dealers. As yet all othor species of timber areutterly ignored, although varions t?nds- abonnd,- that. are. eJ*o*jtbere deemed most valuable. ' Tho success that has attended the mann factoring e-uablishmeuts located on Horse Creek, demonstrates the practicability and ad vunUges of such enterprises. That of Vau cluse, (seven mi'es from Aiken), founded in .ltJ2, was tho pioneer. It is built of Granite found on the spot, and employs probably some 300 persons iu making yarns, OSIl&burgS and drills. T'ic cotton fuctory and village of Granite vide is au object of more than orJanary in .terest. The general appearance o? the town the neat, .md symmetrical style in whic'.i the houses cf the operatives are built, the beau tiful garden and fountains attached to the factory for their c'-joy'ineiit ; the attention paid to hygienic matters, police and educa tion ; the eoodit;on of the roads, s'reels and canal, shaded by large trees ; the picturesque cemetery ; the forethought and the judgment that ba? evidently been exercised to produce such a complete effect, all attract attention, and it is generally admitted to be a model manufacturing village, unsurpassed in the United States, and the heavy dividends and |i the scarcity of tho stock on the market, shows how profitable it has been. At Bath, some niue miles distant, is p.n ex tens i ve'paper mill, which is kept busily em ployed in making various qualties' of paper. As an illustration, the following anecdote may be pertinent: A Society in Augusta -^ceding "a quantity of paper recently sent to New York in order to get a superior article. When it. arrived they found it had been manufactur ed within six miles of home at tho Bath Mill-, sent to New York aud then returned. At Kaolin, twelve miles off, is a porcelain factory, and at Kalmia Mills a Company has been actively engaged in the creation of a very huge establishment for m-iking cotton goods, calculated to afford cmploymeil to one thousand hands, aud which is expected to be in operation by next fall. A charte r hes also recently been granted to the Rose Mill man ufacturing Comnany, to be located on the head waters of Tiukers Creek, eight miles' Southeast of Aiken. As yet these water powers have not receiv ed the attention they merit. The streams aro never failing, and capable of driving thc machinery for hundreds of mills, and unlike manv in more Northern latitudes, are not af fected by the ill effects of the extreme cold. COXCLCDED NEXT WEEK. jpgC" A very respectable lady of Union City, Ind., who has been a verystrong Repub lican in ber feefings came to the polls and of fered to vote, which, of .course was refused, when she replied, very indignantly, " Just as I thought-niggers before women." Bay- The latest invention is the " palpita ting bosom," for the ladies, which gently " heaves " by the touch of au emotional spring concealed under the left arm. 23g** Dr. Hall, in an elaborate article in his Journal of Health, on cholera and its treatment, takes the ground that calomel is the only remedy, and. that to employ any other is to trifle with human life.. U@*PAT EXPLAINS A DIFFICULT'THING. '.But if I placo my raonoy in the savings bank," inquired one of the newly arrived, II when can I draw it out again ?" " Ob," responded his Hibernian friend, 11 sure, an if you put it in to-day, you can get iUout again to-morrow by giving a fortnight's notice." A merchant died suddenly after wri ting a letter to one of his correspondents. His clerk wroto at the bottom, tt Since writing the above I have died," and sent the letter. BS?" A farmer refused to hire ?.n Irishman, because two previously hired by him had died on his hands. "Faith," said lie, "I have wrought in many a place, anti niver once played sich a trick." BS?P? The most remarkable occurrence of the season, says the Jackson (Miss.) Clarion, is the roccipt, by a gentleman in Grenada, of a letter from Vicksburg making inquiries concerning thc ownership of one hundred and eighty bales of cotton sent from Yalobusha county three years ago and still lying in Vicks burg unclaimed. jfr@" A negress speaking of her children, said of one'whiter wva the retit, ''she could not bar dat ar chile, fcase heshotr dirt ao eas/." Disguise Thrown Off The proceedings of the first session of the Anti-Slavery Society, held in New York, un der the Presidency of Wendell Phillips, on Tuesday lost, manifest tbe real purpose, with . out any attempt at disguise, of the Radical party. Wendell Phillips said, amid much ap* plause, that he hated the word constitution, and called upon Congress to " continue in session forever," and at " whatever cost," or " by the exercise of whatever despotism," to secure the safety of tho nation-meaning the Rad i cal. party. He confessed that his language waa U. revolutionary," but said that to talk otherwise was to surrender the results of the war. Wo append two of the numerous reso lutions adopted : " Resolved, That the rebellion . has not ceased ; it has only changed its weapons. Once it fought, now it intrigues ; once it fol lowed Lee in arms, now it follows President Johnson in guile and chicanery ; once it had its headquarters in Richmond, now it encamps in tho White House. " Resolved, That the President has betrayed the loyal North ; is bent on giving U over, bound hand and foot, into the bands of its once conquered foe ; that he should long ago have been impeached for gross usurpation in his high powers to aid rebellion, and for the treasonable purpose of defeating the secure, and peaceful settlement of the nation." Those of our readers who are familiar witt the antecedents of the Chief Just'ce of the United States, may be disgusted but cannot be surprised, when they learn that he sent to this revolutionary society a letter approving its objects. As the matter stands, ?te Chief Justice of tho United States is placed before the co intry as the advocate of revelation and of the impeachment of the President, over whioh it is his constitutional duty to preside, tbe Senate sitting as the court-Richmond Whig. _ _ . THE DIRECT TAX.-rWe are under obliga tions to the courtesy of Judge W. E. Wording, one of the Commissioner-! of the Direct Tax for this State, for the following statement. I'h? tax is levied under an Act of the Con gress of the United States, passed in 1862, ind ?3 now being collected under instructions 3f tho Secretary of the Treasury. It will bo remembered that durang the recent session of the Legislature of this State, at the sugges tion of Governor Orr, the Secretary was me . morialized to permit the assumption of this tax by the State, as a measure of relief to her citizens, and that in reply he stated that the pian was impracticable, on account ef the ex isting law on tho subject. He is personally in favot> of the request, however, and has brought the matter to the attention of Con gress. In the meanwhile the collection of .Le tax has uninterruptedly gone on with the following result : Ascertained quota of the State.?363,570.6 Paid up to the 1st instant, on Assessment_?204,005.79 Paid by sale of Lands in St. Helena and St. John's Colletpn for fai' are to pay as assessed...._11,593.80- 215,599.59 Balucce due by tho State.$147,971.03 Of which ?1,750 has been paid in since the 1st of May. ---- ? ? ? DIVORCED WITHOUT KNOWING IT.-The New Albany correspondent of the Louisville Ooorier tel 1 s.thia singular story : loaring, the present session of the Ciro'ut Court quite a number cf misnialed individu als have been granted divorces, which the parties joyfully accepted as relieving them from matrimonial infelicities which, ic their language, made life irksome and unendurable. But among them is a case whicrh, in its origin ?nd result is probably unparalleled in the ju dicial annals of the country. A divorce waa granted in the case of McCartney vs. McCart* ney, but neither of the parties knew anything )f the pendency of the suit; neither of them was present when the decree was rendered, and only learned through their friends that their marital bonds were sundered.* They are. and have been living together most hap pily, entirely satisfied with each other, and are strongly disposed to demur to the singular and summary process by which their happy relations were dissolved. How tho case got into court is entirely unknown -to the parties, ut it is supposed to be the work of soaio mad joker or envious benedict. Of course the parties will have to get married again or grocure a reversal of the decree. This is another and forcible illustration of the loose manner-in which the divorce business is man aged in Indiana. < > ? ? THE NEGROES VS THE GALLERIES OF CON GRESS IN* WASHINGTON.-The Washington correspondent of the Philadelphia Sunday Mercury thus writes : " The negroes at tie Capitol have taken complote possession of all the public place?, and on Wednesday last we counted 234 con trabands, of the filthiest character, in the gal lery of the House, and as we left, in utter disgust and amazement, thc darkeys were pouring in." A large number of them hud baskets, with their dinner, which they eat iu tbe galleries, as though it were an eating sa loon. The cushions are filled with vermin, and it will take many a bottle of Lyon's powder to kill off the creeping things that stick so close to the filthy contrabands.'' g?y* Uncle Sam had a neighbor who was. in the habit of wot king on Sunday, but after a while ho joined the church. One day he met a minister to whose church he belonged. .' Well, Uncle Sam," said he,' " do you see any difference in Mr. P. since he joined tho church ?" * " Oh, yes," said Uncle Sam, " a great difference. Before, when ho went out to mend his fence on Sunday, he carried his axe on his shoulder, but now he carries it under his overcoat." PAST PRAYING.-A correspondent of a New York Radical paper complains that a number of Methodist ministers, whom he met on a Mississippi steamer, while on their way to the General Conference at New Orleans, prayed night and morning for tho President, but did not once pray for Congress. This complaint is just. The President doesn't need praying tor particularly, while if there ever was anything on this earth that did, it is the present Congress. The ministers in ques tion, however, may have thought the concern past praying for. In that case, they were not so much to blame. TREATMENT OF THE AGED.-A little thought ful attention-how happy it makes the old 1 They hav.e outlived most of the friends of their early youth. How lonely .their hours ! Often their partners in lifo have long filled silent graves ; often their children they have followed to the tomb. They staud solitary, bending on their staff, waiting till the same call shall reach them. How often they must think of absent, lamented faces, of the love which cherished them, and their tears of sym pathy which fell with theirs, now all gone 1 Why should not the young cling around and comfort them, cheering their gloom with songs and happy smiles ? Tho death of a Mormon bishop is thus announced : He was thirty-seven years old, and leavos an interesting family, of eleven W?VCB and forty-seven small children to mourn his death. pgr Governor Walker, of Florida, has issued a proclamation to the people, announcing the close of military role iii that State, with tbe ex ception of military courts -in certain cases, and the rejumpijon of civil liberty.