Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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-r BY M1RIS0E, KEESE & CO. ? MttBSV EDGEITELD, S. C., MARCH 28,. 1866. VOLUME XXXL-Kc. 13. Dry Croods. THE UNDERSICrNED OP TUB Li.TE FIRM OP EOBEET ABGER & CO., Has this day commenced the WHOLESALE SM RETAIL Dry Go ods Business AT %? 252, King Street, (Ia th* Bend,; CHARLESTON, S. Ce, And offers a Stock adapted to ? first -dasi trade. Th? business viii ba conducts! strictly unca tho OHE PRICE SYSTEM. The patronage of the friends of hts late Pinn., asl of tho public generally is respectfully sol ici JAS. B. BETTS. Charleston Jan 10 2m5 STLTIf KB CXXLLL. Os?. II. IIoi'POCS CAHILL & CO., ' WHOLESALE GROCERS, AND Commission Merchants, NO. 135 EAST BAY, Cernir of Lodge Alloy, OKArLlsHSTON, S. O. Offlce in New York, 51 Courtlandt Street Peb 18 tm 7 GEO, W, WILLIAMS &C0.,' Merchants j -AND- j Bankers, No. 1 Azxd 8 Sayiio Bti CHARLESTON, S. C., KEEP oonstantly on hand a full assortment of j GROCBRIES, and will seil them at the i.w?st prices possible in this market. They will reesiro and sell on Consignment COTTON and other PRODUCE, and will advance liberally on Cotton uoasigued to their If uuse, or te . * WIL?-?AM3, TAYLOR & CO., 147 'Maiden ?Lan*, NSW YORK. Jan ii Sm 4 A. C. Di Comes, P. P. SALAS. Late Cashier Bank of Hambarg. r DECOTTES & SALAS, Cotton Factor & Commission MERCHANT, CHARLESTON, S. C., WILL GIVB PROMPT ATTENTION TO THE SALE OP COTTON, LUMBER AND OTHER COUNTRY PRODUCE. Charleston, Jan 1 tf 1 P. CONNER & CO., 76 East Bay, CHARLESTON, S. C., COMMISSION AND FORWARDING MERCHANTS, "Wholesale Dealers in GROCERIES & PROVISIONS, Will gire promp? and personal attontien to all orders entrusted to their caro. Jan 2? Sm 4 D. F. FLEMING & C0~ Wholesale Dealers IN Ji utuimu? wit) ft KAYNE STREET, Corner of Church Street, CHARLESTON, S C., Having Resumed Business, AT THBIR OLD STAND, S HAYNE-STRBBT, CORNER CHURCH ST., ARE NOW RECEIV ING A LARGE AND WELL ASSORTED STOCK OP BOOTS, SHOES, TRUNKS, &e,, Walala will be sold at the LOWEST MARKET PRICE. Th? Patronage ef fermer friends and the pub lie is resp oct fully solicit ed. D. P. FLEMING, SAM'L. A NELSON, JAS. M. WILSON. GantlHton, Dee 2 j tf it "MILLS HOUSE, CORNER QUEEN & MEETING STREETS, CHARLESTON, S. C. rpHIS POPULAR AND WELL KNOWN JU HOUSE ls new folly open for the reception of visitors, ba'rinir boen refurnished with NEW ead ELEGANT FURNITURE THROUGHOUT, and offers to the travollur accommodations end eotifeaienees ss a FIRST CLASS HOTEL not to be equalled by any North or South. Thepatronage of the travelling pubiic is re sptsetfiDy solicited. ]3at!*s of Board per day $4,00 ; Rites per month as n?y b<> ugrned un. JO'* PURCELL, Proprietor. Ch ar les ti-n, Peb 31 tf 8 PRATT, & WILSON BROS. WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS, AXE Manufa cturing Chemists I NO."238 KING STREET, CHARLESTON, S. C. ?esp ?.or.jitantly on band a full assortment of Dim?*, Chemicals, PAH CY AND TOILET ARTICLES, CHEMICAL APPIftATUS. SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, ie., ?e., ?c. N? A. PRATT, Chemist to late C. 8. Nitre stud Miaing Bar. 6. W. WILSON, P. B. WILSON, Chbtnisk to Ut? C. S. Ord. Department. Jj? 17 Sm f Cigars and Tobacco TH? tmrj best quality "on hand ?jr aammmimammMmaammwammmammmmBmmwmmma?Mamm?maimBa While it is Coiled To.day. BT FAXNir. TRCX. Let ai lore while- life is giren, For we cannot tell its length ; Dea'h may call nt in our weoknosi, It may inateh ni in oar strength. Let na IOTO! oh, fully, freoly, Let the blessed fountain play, j Washing every stain of anger, From eaeh boson, all away. Let us work in work and action ; Not alene in word and thonght ; Time is swiftly, surely passing, Hara wo on its passage wrought Soma kind act, som? silent blessing, Prompted by a loving heart, Dally, with an earnest purpose, Choosing thus a better part? Let us love! ob, lore will lighton Every burden or complaint; It will strengthen weary footsteps, It will ehaer the sad and faint. Lat us lore ! give out the sunlight, On the darkened ways of lifo, Let its swoot rays melt the hardness, . And subdue tho wrong ?nd strife. Lot us lore.' oh, lore will hallow Every duty, pain or cara ; Give it freoly, give it fully, It ii needed everywhere. Let ns lore while Iire is given, For we cannot tell ito length, Death may call ns in our weakness, It may snatch us io our strongth! The Destruction of Columbia, S. C. WHO IS RESPONSIBLE ? LETTER IT.UM GEM. WADE HAMPTOX. COLUMBIA, S. C., June 19th, 1865. To the Editor^ of the Kew York Day Book GENTS: In your paper ol the 6th May, hare just seen General Sherman's official rt port of his march through the two Caroline As this report misrepresents me in the grot ses: iud falsest msuner. I trust that you wi not deny me the right to vindicate myself. 1 U duo to history, il not to me, that the false hoods of General Sherman in reference t tho destruction of this city should be expos?e This ?hall be done in tho briefest poss bi 1 manner. The report saya : " General Wade Hamp ton, who commanded thc Confed?rate rea guard of cavalry, hud, in anticipation of ou capture of Columbia, ordered that all cotton public and private, should bc moved into th street and tired to prcvont our making use o it. * * * Some of these piles of cottoi were burning, especially ore in the very hear of thc city, ?oar thc court bouie, but the lin wis partially subdued Ly the labor of our sol diers. * * * Before one siDgle publii building bad been fired by order, tho stnoul dering fires set by Hampton's crder were re kindled by the wind, ard communicated tc the buildings around. About dark they bc gan to spread aud got beyond control of tbt brigade on duty within the eily. The whok of Wood's divinion wm? brought in, bat it wa? fonnd impossible to check tho flame* which by midnight, had become uauianegeablc, mid n.red until about four o'clock, a. m., when the wind aubsiding, they were got urder con trol. * * * I disclaim, on the part ol my army, any agency in this fire, but, on thc contrary, claim that we saved what of Co lumbia remains unconsumed. And, without hesitation, charge Geu. Wade Hampton with having burned bis own city of Columbia, not with malicious intent, as the manifestation of a silly 1 Roman ?toicisin.' but Irom folly ?nd want of sense in fining it with lint, cot ton and tinder. Our officers and men on du ty worked well 'o extinguish tho lhiino?." It would be difficult, if not impossible, to express, in an equal numbor o? paragraphs, i, greatner number of falsehoods than nr.; contained in the above extracts. Th^re is not one word of truth in all that has been quoted, except tho statoment that "Gen. Hampton commanded the Confederate rear guard of cavalry." I did not order any cot tDa "moved into the street and fired.'- On tile contrary, my first act on taking command of tho cavalry-to which I wa? assigned oply the night bet?re the mention of Columbia was to represent to General Beauregard the danger to the town of firing tbs cotton in the streets. Upon this representation, he authorized me to give orders that no eotton in the town should he fired, which order was strictly carried ont. I left the city after thc head of Sherman's column entered it, and I aisert, what can be proved by thousands, that nat one bale of cotton was on fire when he took possession of the city. His assertion to the contrary is false, and he knows it to be so. A distinguished citizen of this State-whose nsme, were I at liberty to give it, would bo a snfficient Toucher even at the North, for the truth of any statement made by him-has given to the pablic a minute history of the ?instruction of the city. From this document, which is too long for insertion in your paper, I will make a few ex tracts, which will show how true is General Sherman's solemn disclaimer of "any agency j in this tire," and his claim to have " saved [ what of Columbia remains unconsumed." The Mayor had been informed that he would be notified when to surrender tho city, know ing that ineffectual resistance on our part would furnish the ready excuso for all law lessness on the part cf the enemy. I would I not allow my troops to become engaged in the city, and they were withdrawn on the j morning of the 17th of February. At nine o'clock, a. m., on that day, the Mayor, at the head of the deputation from tho City Council, went out to meet General Sherman for the purpose of surrendering thc city, which ha;did the in following letter : * COLUMBIA, S. C., Feb. 17th, 1865. u To Mi'jor General Sherman : u The Confederate forces, having cvacnated Columbia, I deem it my duty, as Mayor and representative of the city, lo aak for its citi zens the treatment accorded by tho usages of civilized warfare. I therefore respectfully request that you will send a su;F.cietit guard ia advance of the army, to maintain order in' tho city, and to protect the persoiw and prop erty of citizens. Very rospectfullyr your obediaut servant. [SignodJ T. G. Goopwra', Mayor." The deputation met the advance guard of the enemy, under Colonel Stone-Fifteenth : Corps-outside cf the city, and Colonel Stone returned with them to the town in their carriage. The Mayor reports that on surrende! ing the city to Colonel Stone, the latter assured bun of the safety of thu citizens, and the protection of their 'property while under his command. He could not answer for General Sherman, who was iu the rear, but he ex pressed the conviction that bc would fully confirm the* assurances which he (Colonel Stone; had given. Subsequently General Sherman did confirm them, and that ni{;htf seeing that the Mayor was exhausted by the l.ibors of the day, he counseled him to retire to re.t, faying, ''Not ft finder's breadth, Mr. M-ivor, of your city ?hall be harmed. You may lie down to sleep, satisfied that your town shall be as safe ia my hands as if whol ly in your own." * * * ? At about cloven (-'clock the head ol' the column reached ??arket Hall. Hardly had the troops reached the head of Main street, when ?he work of jHibge waa bega?- fi ton ts were broken open hour after their'arrival. No attempt was made to arrest the burglars. The authorities, officers, soldiers, all seemed to consider it a matter of course. And woe to him whs car ried a watch with gold chas o pendent, or who wore a choice hat, or overcoat, or boots, or shoes. He was stripped by ready experts in the twinkling of an eye." * * . * " About twelve o'clock tho jail wai discov ered to be on fi>e from within. This building was immediately in the roar of tho market or City Hall, and in a don-ely built portion of tha city. * * * The firo in the jail had been preceded by that of some cotton piled in the streets. Both fires we're soon subdued by our firemen. At about 11-2 o'clock, p. m., that ot thc jail was rekindled and was again extinguished." * * * u The expe rience of the firemen in patting out the fire in the cotton and in the jail was of a sort to dis courage their further efforts. They were thwarted and embarrassed fey the continued interference of the soldiery. Finally, their hosotwas ?hopped with swords and axes, and pierced with bayonets so as to bc rendered useless. The engines were in some cases de moliyhed also: "And so the miserable day wore on in pillage, insult, and constant confusion and alarm. We have show? ?haj, the robbery ol the peraons of citizens and th? plunder of] their houses commenced within one hour after they had reached the Market Hall. It continued without intermission throughout tho day. Sherman traversed tho strc&ts eve rywhere, so did his officers, yet they saw nothing to rebuke orrestiain." * "Robbery wat going on at ovM-y comen, in every house, yet thero was no censure, no punishment." * * * u Among tho first tires at evening was oce. about dark, which broke out in a filthy portion of low houses, occupied mostly as brothels. There were then some twenty fires in full blast, in as many different quarters, at nearly the same moment, and while the alarm sounded from these quarters a similar alarm we.3 sent up almost simultaneously from Calton Ttwn, tbe northeraio.it Krait of the city, and from from Main street in Tts very centre." * * * u The wretches ongaged 1? this appointed in cendiarism were well prepared wich all thc appliances essential to their woifc. They carried with them from house td house pot? sod vessels containing eombuKtiJble liquids, and with balls ci fire saturated ta this liquid, they conveyed the flames wiih wonderful rapidity from dwelling to dwcl'ing." * * * .'What remained fre<m the morning, of engines and hoso wero brought out by tho firemen, but these were soon driven from their labora by the pertinacious hostility of tire incendia ries. Engines were tumbled nvcr and dise bled, the hose wa* bern to pica??, and the firemen, dreading worse osage to themselves, left the field in despair." * * * " Old mea und women and chil dren were lu be seen, often while the tir.mes were rolling and raging uround them-while walls wore ("tocking and rafters tottering and tumbling, io tho endeavor lo save their rloth ing and some of their more valuable effects. They were dr.vcn out headlong, pistols clapped lo their heads, violent hand.? laid on I throat and collar, and tba ruffians saomed to j make but little distinction in their treatment of man and woman. Ladies were hustled from their chambers under thc strong arm or with their menacing pistol at their hearts. Their ornaments plucked from weir breasts -tWir bundies thken flrcm their hands.' * * * " A lady undergoing pains of labor, bad to bc borne out on a matrass into the open air to escape thc fire. It was in vain that her situation was described to thc incen diaries, as they applied the torch within and without the house. They beheld the situa tion of the sufferer and laughed to scorn thc prayer for her safety. Another lady was but recently confined. Her life hanging upon a hair. Thc demons were apprised of the facts in tho ease. They burst id'to her chamber toeik rings from the lady's finger, plucked the watch from beneath her pillow, shrieked of fensive language in hpr ears, and so over whelmed her with terror tiint hbo sunk under tko treatment, surviving but a day or two.'" ? * * The churches were at first sought by many streams of population. Thither the hellish perseverance of the fiends followed them, and the churches of God wero set on flame. Again driven forth, numbers made their way into the recesses of Sydaey Park, and here fancied lo find security. But thc ' ' ingenuity of hate and malice was not to be baffled, and firebrands thrown from tho height into the deepest hollows of tho Park taught thc wretahesl fugitivas to despair of any es capo from enemies of such unwecriod and nnremitting rage I" But enough of this atrocity, thc bare reci tal of which makes humanity shudder, the hfart grow sick. Surely enough has been ( quoted from the narrative of these horrors to | provo that General Sherman alono is rcspcu- < sibls for tho destruction of Columbia, and for ( the many other atrocities cctumlttcd by his j army. Ho declares that the fires set bv my j order consumad the *it.y. I bavo shown how j false is this statement; but evan if it were , true, how does he clea/ himself tf the guilt < of barning private dwellings outsido of the ( city limits? Karly in the afternoon of thc < day he entered Columbia, my house, which \ was two milos from tho ti ty, was fired, soon } after the hoases of Mr. Treoholm, Gen. i Lovell, Mr?. Stark, Dr. Wallace, Mr. Arthur, j Mr. Latta and Mrs. English, all iu thc same j vicinity, shared tho same fate. General Sher- t maa cannot deny that these houses were j burned by his men, nor can he deny that he 1 destroyed, in part, or in whole, the villages ( of Barnwell, Blackville, Graham, Bamberg, j Buford's Bridge, Orangeburg, Lexington, f Alston, Pomaria, Winusboro, Blackstocks, | Society Hill, Cimden and Cheraw. Does t not the fate of these unoffending towns give | tho lia to his disclaimer of any agency in . burning this city? Along the line of ? march followed by him there is scarcely one ( house left standing, from tho Savaunah t river to the Pcdeo, and yet ho dared to do- , claro solemnly that he did not barn Colum bia ! I do not wonder that he should strive l.o escs.pe thc infamy which, liko the leprosy of Gehazi, shall cleave unto him and unto his seed forever, for thc commission of thin dark deed. Nor am I surprised that he sfioultl naturally seek to escape by taking refuge be hind a falsehood. But he shall not with im punity make nie tho scapegoat for his Bins. Wherever he has taken bia army in tbi?? State, women have been insulted cr outraged, old meu have been hung to extort from thom hidden treasure. The fruits of tho earth have been destroyed, leaving starvation where plen ty once reigned, and the dwellings of rich and poor alike have bcon laid in ashes. For these deeds history will brand flyn as a rob ber and incendiary, and will deservedly "damn him to everlasting fame." I am your obedient servant, WAUK HAMPTOH, Lieutenant General. Little Ella is about four years old. One day she committed au act of disobedience, and her mother, in correcting her, spoke in no gentle tone of voice ; the child threw her arms around her mother's neck and exclaim ed, " Dear mamma, pray forgive me! If I had known how spunky it would have mado vou I wouldn't have done so." ?3T" The Directors of the Sulma and Meridian rt.iiroad have elected General W. J. Hardee, J>reaidont. T|)oy showed tbolr tense and dignity. .Major-Genera! Cadmus M. Wileox, C. S. A., is in tho city -of Mox icu. fie has written a lotter to ?fi Alnbaxntv friend, earing that b? ?rill Gen. Sherman on the Brimin s of Columbia, S. C. The following is the letter of Maj. Gen. Sherman, on the burning of Columbia, an abstract of which has already becu given in our columns. It will be seen that he is op posed to the payment of.Southern war claims of even the most worthy character, though he expresses sympathy for those who sus tained losses : H'UQ'RS Mn.. Dir. OK THE MISS., ST. Louie, MO., March 8, 1855. JBenj. Bawls, Columbia, S. C. DEAR SIR : I have your letter enclosing a petition to the Congress of the United Stales, asking to be indemnified for tho loss by fire cf your bouse and contents, nt thc time of our occupation in February, 1865. I assure you that I feel deeply for you and all others who lost their property ia the fire; but if the ' United States were to assume the liability, it would be an admission that we had done wrong. This is not true. Tho rightful authority of the National Government bad been resisted in the State of South Carolina for years, and we were compelled, at a great cost of life and money, to conduct thither a vast army, and our pro gresa was resisted by all the force thc Slate could obtain. Your own citiz-us resisted our approach, not only with arms, but by burning tho bridges over theEdisto, Congarce, Saluda and Broad Rivers. They burned the depot in Columbia before we entered the city, be cause it contained corn and stores they sup posed wc needed, and set fire to thousaod6 of bales of cotton rolled ont into the streets, and which were burr.ing before wc entered the city of Columbia. I myself was in the city as early ns noon, and saw those fires, and know that efforts were mode to extinguish them, but a high and strong wind kept them alive. I gave no orders tor tho burning of your city, but, on the contrary, tho rever. c, and I believe the conflagration resulted from the great imprudence of cutting the cotton bale.?, whereby tho contents were spread by thc wiuds, so that it became an impossibility to arrest the fire I saw in your Columbia newspapers the printed order of General Wade Hampton, that on the approach of the Yankee army, all the cotton should bc burned, aud, from wha' I saw myself, have no hesitation in saying that he was the cause of the 'destruction cf your property. Your true remedy is against li?ui, and such others of your own citizens us conspired with him and made the military occupation ol your city au absolute necessity. I hardly think it is mir that Congress should lax the people cf Ohio, ll?nois and Missouri lo pay such losses ; but as it is not iu my province to judge in such matters, I send your petition according to its address. 1 assure you of my personal sympilhy by reason o? your ago and infirmity, but this tnusf nol lead nie to endorse a wrong principle I am, with great respect, your obedient servant, W. T. SHERMAN, Maj. Gen. -- Intelligent Views upon thc Freedmen's Burean. Major Henry C. Lawreucc, agent of the Freedmen's Bureau at Fayetteville, North Carolina, a Republican in politics, and an irmy officer, writes a lotter to the Philadel phia Aye presenting a very strong argument against that institution. The following is in extract : FAYETTEVILLE, N. C., Feb. 14, 1866: I confess I am tired outaud half worn out with the annoyance? of my position, and need rc6t j and a/n so fur from having any sympathy with the views that seem to prc rail in Congress, that I nm unwilling to be 3ven an humble instrument in aiding to car ry them out. Whilst there was, and could bc, no law but military law, or rather au thority, tho bureau was a necessity to some extent. But to continue it after the States sfeajl have gjv?n tho blacks their civil rights, seems to be the very r-evuiwoof sound policy, considered simply with reference to that. It ?.ill engender hatred towards tho blacks on tho part of tho whiles as a favored class to whom extra legal protection is given by the Federal Government-hatred towards thc Government itself, which, by this system, pronounces tho people regardless of justice, Mid brands courts and juries, in advance, as .cady perjurers. It substitute* for men learn ed 'n the law, and soon to administer it-for rial by jury and right of appeal-the decis ion of men who, iu man}' cases, if not most, ?viii know nothing of law ; who will often be prejudiced, and some, judging from the past, (fill bo corrupt. )t will incite in tho blacks, o some extent, a sense or independence of ;he local laws; sanction their distrust of .hem, the courts and people, and certainly cannot tend to educate them in thc dulies of citizens. Instead of allaying, it will beget ealousy and ill-will between the races to a jreater degree than now csists, ana finally sroducc the very evils ii is intended to guard igainst. And how such a system can be ex ;rcised except as a temporary military ne cessity in a conquered country, I cannot con nive. It is liable to all our old objections, io the <. fugitive slave law," and, unlike tbAt, I rill bo an ever present, overacting; and its 3rovi8ions are very incomplete for the end proposed, unless it is assumed that military iuthority is to remain paramount. For in itance, I can fine a man $50, and imprison lira thirty days ; but in case of murder of a jlack, tho district or department military commander must order trial hy court martial, ijpon conviction the case may, of course, go ,o the Secretary of War for review. Such a rial is in progress now at Raleigb. If this ?ystem is to bo retained after the States shall De reconstructed--whatever that may be ind if this is republicanism or self govern nent, I shall despair of ever being able to comprehend the first principles of political ?dence. But if a State should establish such a judicial system, I think the Federal government might well bo called upon to en force its guarantee of republican government ;o the people of that State. I think it would se a les. outrage upon tho principles of solf 'overnment and upon the Constitution to Teat the South as conquered territory, and jovern it by our1 territorial system, than to io what is proposed to be done ; in that case Mr. Sumner might secure juries composed squally of wbiip and black men. I felt whamed for myself as an American, and for my Government, when, a few days ago, Judge Baxtou, of tho Supreme Court of this State, called at my office to inquire as to tbesbxtent of the jurisdiction he would be permitted to sxcrcise in a term bc waa about to hold. WORTH INVESTIGATING.-We have heard, from various quarters, the report that Gen. Toomba, who is in Coba, has written a lptter, in which he states that he hnd met one of his former blaves in Havana, and that this negro told him ho had been inveigled in Cuba, and sold to a Cuban slaveholder for ?1.300. We learn also that a worthy minister, who has charge of a pburch in our neighborhood, but is now in Havana, has written a letter stating that he met there several of the former slaves of Gen. Hammond, of Beech Island. ' They were kidnapped from Augusta, and are now in a s ta to of slavery. Thc information comes ! to as so directly thtit we have no donbt of it? ! truth. . It is demanded, by thc honor of Ibo I Government of the United States, which pro claimed those men to be free, and uudcrtook their protection, tbat they shall be delivered from their enforced bondage, and that those who havo sent them away should be called to z strict account. The information needed con ta&3j bo seemed bj ?mr Cocaul at Cal?. 1 From the Spurtanburg Express. The effect was startling for a mo when, in a crowded column of a New paper, wo met tho following personal il " James Calaban will celebrate his hu and first birthday on the 17th Sept? next. He was born in South Carolin) Las lived for many years in Kentucky.3 We were compelled to spend a few mi trying to conceive tho changes which occurred during this one lifetime. 1 native State, how many changes I Supp him to be a nativo of the upper part ol State, his childish sleep was doubtles: turbed by wolves, and from his cottage he often looked upon droves of buffalo they rushed by, and tried his boyish sk catching beavers. There were then al few old mon who could remember len France, when children, at the R'jvocatic the Edict of Nnntz. There wes not a C House in the State except the .me in C leston. Traces of war were still visible on the of Braddock's defeat, and Geo. Washin was a young Virginia Major, in his th third year, bis noble mother being f-car I entitled to be considered old. The year which gave our old hero birth Raw V burg laid out, thc Stamp Act passed, Daniel Boone cleared a spaco for his hu Kentucky. James Calaban was an old i before he saw a railroad, a steamboat daily paper. And in the politics of Europe what si ing changes ! At his birth Fri dorie had finished the Seven Years War, and eat his title, The Great. There wero at 1 time men living who had seen Peter Groat, and oiher.j. who bad*fought ur Marlborough or Charles the Twelfth, j a few old soldiers might be found who cc epoak as eye-witnesses of Cullodon, and e uf the Boyne. Napoleon ai.d Welling were unborn, and many of the actors in French Revolution were in their cradles. In literature, there have been most mar and eventful changes. When he was b there were men living, who bad read Spectator as it came from the Press. C per was a young maa unknown to fa Burns was a " bonnie chiel," fishing ou batiks of Ayr. Gray waa casting " ion" lingering lookt" backward on lile, ami s, after passed away where " honor's vc could not. provoke his silent dust," and very year of his birth Young ended gloomy strain, and sank into the gravo. (3< smith, Hume and Voltaire were alive and Johnsen wa3 balding forth,- with Bjewel! his hcfls. There were some alive who 1 seen lanac Newton, and LaPiace r ai a 1 ignorant of thc stun. Even in Cniver History a life M kp this forms a very apprec b'e link. A hali d zen such lives w:i take us back to the Crusades, a doz-m ant half would join us with those who pcrisl in the destruction of Jerusalem, and perin threescore such men would form a continue chain, back to Cain and Abel I A hale and green old a^e to ycu broil Carolinian! You might (bink us pert or sincere if wc should wish you very ma happy returns of your birthday, hut we w atJeast wish that you may live to seo diacc banished from thc councils of jour nati land, equity and justice controlling ber i teens-? power, and her SOLS in quietness a confidence repairing the ravages of war. And then when Peace is in all our hom and borders, with words of wisdom to t young generations who M rock lbs cradle bis reposing age," may the old Centenary gently pass away and- become Immortal! PHILO NESTOR. Cun it be Possible. A Captain John T. H.ll, of thc regular s ray of the United States, hus been tried San Francisco by a com-;, martin!, and sc tenced to be dismissed the service, upon tr charge of having ordered an Indian child t by t,-.ken from tho breast of its dead moth! and killed, Thg monster has Lad the efiVot tcry to publish in the California papers wh: he calls a '* vindication'' of li ia conduct, whit gives, if true, a most shocking view of tl: warfare, or rather butchery, waged again; the poor I dians in the. far West. For th honor of our officers and soldiers, and th sake of common humanity, we will hope tbs this murderer of women and children ma; be proved tn he an atrocious liar and Blanch rer. After virtually Admitting that he ordei ed his men to ?hoot the helpless infant, th ex c*ptain coolly adds: u From the appearance of the child, if i was alive at all, its lifo would only be pro longed for n. few hours. This is all there wa in the CUSP ? and had I been a favorite will the officers in command in Nevada, nothing more would ever have been heard of it. J assert, as a matter of history, that it has beet the custom of Indian warfare for our troop! to kill Indian children under such circum stances. Maj. Updegraff, now at tue Presi dio, informed my counsel that GODS. Can bj and Sibley, of thc United States Army, bat boen in thc habit of allowing their mon tc kill Indian prisoners, and even children, when their parents had been kjllpd, and {bore wai no convenient way of providing them j and as thc President ol' tho very court martial, which baa just gone through the farce ol trying me, admitted to my counsel that, while in command in Arizona last wiuter, be ordered his men to kill au Indian child, which they did by shooting it four times, al leging aa a reason therefor that be had ro mean? of either feeding the child or taking it with him, and to leave it on the plain was certain death. Maj, Roman, well know.i in this State, aod who has lived many yoara on the Indian frontier, testifies to this custom, os do also a number of others."-Missouri R publican. COTTON LANDS GOING BACK TO A WILDER NESS.-A correspondent of the Mobile Adver tiser, upon whose judgment the editor relies, gives a gloomy picture of the future. He says: f What are the facts in regard to a general cultivation of cotton, and return ol negroes to field labor 7 A large proportion of thc field hands are dead. Another large number have left the cotton growing States. Tho cotton producing lands in the bottoms will not bo in ?ultiva?io?-this year nor the next ; to a great degree they are going back into tho wilderness. In no part of the country is a large proportion of the lands likely to bo planted in cotton ; much, even of the uplands in Alabama and Mississippi, will not be planted at all. A great number of thc nc gioes aro about the town3 and villages, with no sort of intention of returning to the plan tations. Another fact known only to those who are making the effort to make cotton un der the present aspects, is, the general oppo sition of tho negro women to field labor. The moro sensible of the men seo and feel tho necessity of iabor in tho cotton field, but there is a settled opposition on the part of the women to go into tbo field again. They want to go into society and have a piano. The women arc the m.*.in cotton-pickers. " When tho negroes made contracts to make cotton, it was very cold and wet, they had no houses to live in ; no provisions to live on ; they were disappointed about the division of lands and muirs. They said, ?ell, if we have to work," we might uA weil mako a I contract. They were to a great degree cotn i polled to make an engagement to work. But I when tho presdure of Work in the heat of tho j spring and summer comes on, will ho perform his contract? That "is the question. The ; shade tree on ' tho bank of a stream will af ' ?>rd house enough, and he can forage ai large I under ibo pnsle?ing wings of She '?meaoJ" From the Kew York Nows. Major General Thomas and the "Cci tral Directory." The phantom of an impending outbreak the South appears to haunt the imagin?tio of Major General Thomas. He is persuade the Southern people do not love the Fcdori Government or tho Northern nation j and I has information that thc recent rebels med tate another revolt against thc Union. Get eral Thomas may not be mistaken in the fo mer impression. Wo thiak it not altogethe improbable that when a citizen of Virgini contemplates the desolation of bis fields an the ruins of his homestead, ho may not b disposed to invoke the blessing of heaven o: those who have done this wrong; aud tba he may not lean very lovingly toward th Government whjch has been the instrumen ot' his impoverishment and subjection. Afte all, the people of the South are inflamed will the usual passions of humanity ; and, possi bly, the spirit of true Christian philantbrop' is not sufficiently prevalent among them ti make them pray for those who persecute an< despiteful ly use them. Indisputably, it is not in their nature t< fawn upon an oppressor, and to propitiate Iii ictinrd by protestation* of their aii'e.'clior. With us this is mere speculation, for we i!< not pretend to anv confidential revelation o the Southern feeling. Bur, why should gen tlcmeu ol the Radical faction avow surpris* if the people, of the South betray some rc pugunnce to their rule? Ii not that the ob ject of their endeavors? Is not evory act o their administration most exactly calculatcc lo realize Ibis result ? What have they don? to soothe tho wounded sensibilities of the Southern people? What affront, what af roc tty, h.-ive t'iey forborne, that might inflame tin resentment o? this high spirited community ? wherein buve they evinced either mercy 'ot magnanimity ia their conduct toward th?, victims of their vengvauce ? Even the wont turns upon the Lrel that oppresses it: and il the gallant g.-ml men and proud born we rner of the South refuse their affection to a Gov ernment which wrongs them in every righi and insults them in every feeling, what won der that ut ?east in the passive resistance ol haughty indignation, they vindicate the opt raged instincts of nature? If thc dominant party in Congress rcalh contemplate the <levele>pmtnl of a differeni sentiment in the Souih, they must pursue t policy alb getber diftvrf ut from that indica ted in their present polii-y.? In efieat, they must say to the Southern people; "you I-av?. boen ovc-rcc>rae ly the weight of nurabe?rs and resfj.trces ; you* ban* illustiatcd the highest and rarest virtues of heroism in your struggle; you aro defeated but not discraced ; and henceforth you shall te tre-.t d with the re spect due to the misfortunes due" to a fallen but stilt glorious race." If this be the spirit wbich shall determine the counsels of tbe Federal Government in its relations to ihe South. Major General Thomas viii not have occasion to adi mad vert on the recusant tem pe* of the Southern people. The " new born zeal " proverbially imputrd to those wbo.contract an nnnatural alliance, evidently animated General Thomas in his testimony before the Icqjiisiiioo Committee. Ile hates the South with vindiciive feelmirs of one who has carried sorrow and desolation into his native land, and would disarm tl.t SQSfiicions of the Radicals hy an excess ol devotion to their cause. But, who believe his story of an inchoalo rebellion in thc South? He implicates nobody in the con I sp ?racy ; he does not indicate (ho scene of the coming explosion; he authenticates his statement by no simple circumstance of prob ability; if is.a vsgue, indefinite, intangible figment of imagination ; yet, it is solemnly paraded before the country, as furnishing H sulh'Henr provocation for the perpetuation ol a military dcspoiism in thc South. No doubt Genera! Thomas finds it very (Uttering to his vanity, ard, perhaps, not en tirely indifferent to his interests, to be con tinued in "command of four States" but neither the integrity of "be Union nor thc welfare of thc oountry is likely to be promo ted by the system cf military usurpation pre-* valent i:i the South. They who have some regard for the ssft.-gtiards of republican lil er ty will not be frighted by a phantom into ap proval of ii measure most repugnant io the principles of the Constitutum General Tbort - as must be moro explicit as well as more con sistent in his story. He must vol say in on* breath that she Southern people are " utterly benton," and in the next that they meditate another revolt. Ho must disclose some e-jr cunistances of the a'lrgcd conspiracy-who were ita instigators, what it means; and he must not decline to avow the authors of his information. Tho chimera he has conjured up may r.v.--;l for the purposes of the Recon struction Committee, but a fiction so prepos tcrou-dy incredible will scarcely gain credit with the country. We do not deny General Thomas has ob seived a resentful spirit in the South." He is uot the person to evoke an exhibition of amia ble feeling on tho part of those who wonld avoid him as an apostate. His position in volves everything that \x insulting to thc pride of tbs South, and in the discharge of his duties be runs athwart all the sensibili ties of a singularly susceptible people. A few wretches may atte npt to conciliate his favor by abject aVis, but tho bulk of the com* munity will stand aloof from his presence, [low Ctn it be otherwise? Wielding thc sword of a satrap, can he expect adulation of men who have fought with the valor of thc Southern people ? Should he accept it aa significant of a radical and irreconcilable repugnance to tbe Union, that Southern It die- refuse him tho homage of their admira tion ? Is not his hand red with the blood of their brothers ? Are not the liberties of their country dearer to them than all earthly inter ests, crushed though they bounder the weight of his iron-hecled despotism? Forbearance from porsonal affront is tho highest indul gence General Thomas should expect of the Southern people ; but, he is equally egotisti cal and illogical to confound their hatred of an individual with animosity to tho Union. The latter, time und a magnanimous policy will appease ; the former is rooted in canses which will scarcely cease to operato while thc memory of his unnatural defection survives. ---? ? ? ? TTc nevor heard Fjed Douglass 6peak but once. Ho- is a pretty sharp darkie, well formed, rather graceful, and entirely ready. On the occasion to which we allude, he spoke in Independence Square, in Philadelphia. His harangue was violent, made np chiefly of descriptions of tbe outrages practiced upon the slave by his maslor, and brought a very decided effect upon the crowd. Perceiving this, Fred took his advantage at the?ooe?, and went higher and higher into tho regiou of eloquence. "Ah, my fnenc*,'' be said, " I do not speak from hearsay. I Btand be fore you a living-I was going to say a bleed ing-witness to the truth of all I relate, li* you could behold the stripes and scars upon my back." Just her* an Irishman vocifer ated, " Hould, on Freddy, darling-is it truth you is telling us.". The darkey orator lifted his finger tragically to heaven in the affirma tive. "Ob, murder! did they lacerate you?" Fred answered that they did. " Did they thumb screw yon ?" Fred answered that they : did. " Did they buck you like a shoat?" j Prod answered that they did. " JBegorra /" I roared Pat, " if thai be true, you viusi have ! been a d-d bad rigger!" It cloded the i meeting in a general row.-Nashville Ban ner. _ 83f* Qreon Willis, who murdered a man for a j botil* of whiskey, vas boa; on Friday in fit ijcwj^Miawori. . ? .. -?- ; - --,.t - St? Forget Thee. BY MA.NLICS. Forget thee ! No, a; voil might dread Thi eun, in hu high flight, Would fail.o'or earth his raye lo shed, And leave the world in night! Or that tko flowers, with fragranoe sweet, Which God io man has given, Should fail to teach us wa shall meet With love cs? truth in heaven ! Forget thoe ! When the wild winde reit Forever in their eaves," ' And fail to roll o'? r "ocean's ores et ' Their dread and angry waves ; When heaves no longer from 'tb* olottds Pours tho refreshing rain ; 0/ when thc harp's street sound affords No music !n ?ti strain; Wft?>n hope no longer o'er the heart A single joy shall breathe, And envy with ber venomed dart No fatal blow ebal! give ;. When seraphs from thoir hoavenly epLercs No more shalt hists their lot, And angbij .shed unhappy tears, Then .thou shalt be forgot. TRIAL OF MAJOR GEE-The trial of Major Ge?, who was in charge of thc military prieou at Salisbury, North Carolina', during Confed erate times, is 6ti!l going on ut Ralegh. Th? charge against him is'the serao cid hnc trxl cry 4i inhuman treatment of prisoners." H-J fur as we have been able lu read the evidence, an Dublistied in th? Haleigh papers, nothing bas yet been elicited to sustain ih<? ekajge. It vrill bc roccJllcctcd 'that before Stone man's forces entercil Salisbury, M?jc?rGeo escaped whh ihn prisoner* left, arrd went to Georgia, and gave himself up ait Angoste. Georgia!, subsequent to 'General Tohngoira si#rend"r to (?cnei.il Shciina.ii/ -Major Gee then proceeded to Florida, a?^d wat; th ?Te ar rested io November last, on e caarge of treating prisoners under him "with inhumanity and being guihy of eondn? t not in 'accwrdaiice ^with the riles ol' WHT.'* Since tien be has been in close custody. The Northern corres pondents, who are writing a?ood d?nl about tb'w trial, say there is a great interest fvlt in the trial there by " the 8<-ceah-of Ratei/h, particularly the female part," who Kj-rapathii-} deeply with Gee. His friends claim that b? is not responsible for ?Ms treatment. Geo ph ads tbat by tlc terms of capitulation ac'teed nj;on by Sherman and Johnston, and th?: parole granted to the rrffi?rr? and ratifiera 'who surrendered under General Johnstor, tltftt the United States, by itu accredited agent?, pledged ita faith that tlaese officers and soldiers sl.all not be rno'est?d so long as thc? coKiply with the terms of their parole. -. Tlichmond Examiner. We honestly believe that oejr owa magis trates and laws would mece effectually pro tect i he freedman than it has been done by a mero reliance oa the military ; but tte limo has come when it behooves us to co-operato with the military more actively and vigilant ly, to demonstrate, to all parties concerned that public opinion and our laws will sustain every just right and security of tho whole population. Tho mass of our citizens are no more responsible for occasional outrages on A black man, by individuals, than aro tho Fe jeral so'.dvra generally among nay respon sible for the outrage wujch occasionally aro committed upon the freedmen by some ot' the more reckless and .disorderly men to be found in thc ranks ; less to in fact, for wo arc prohibited from enforcing our laws for the protection of the nee. roc-, and the military have full command ol themselves and the country as regards that population opecialli/.-Mcuntainer. JUSTICE IS SOI'TH CAIJOMVA.-The follow ing facta are from a rc-liablosonrce, and 6how how impartial justice is mefnd out by th? agents rf tho Freedmen's Bureau in thnt State: Four negroes were arrested at Flor ence, South Carolina, lately,' for stealing a conductor's box, containing ftl^OO, ard tb? su m of i>o00 in money, aud $300 worth of (roods they had bought were taken from them. They were carried to Charlearen, and were tried by the Freedmen's Burci.u and sentenced to p:-.y a fine of .$50, $250 les? than tho unrccovered amount, or go to jail for 00 days. A baggage masirr on the same train gave a freedman a freedman's box, the real value of which was 50 cent;. The ne gro failed to deliver it, anc tho baggago mas ter received a notice that he must deliver it or pay a fine of ?10. Comment is superflu ous.-Baltimore Transcript. . A BLOODY DCEL.-A correspondent at. Co lumbia, Arkansas, sends us an account of a iragie affair, which occurred near that place, jn the 28th of February. It 6eems that Ma or Ned Burns, formerly a member of Gene ral John Morgan's commend,- and a Colonel Fwy man, also an officer ia the Confede-ate trmy, had some personal difficulty, 'which ;nded in a challenge to tba matter. The place ?elected for the settlement; of the dispute was Point Chicot, a secluded spot upon tb?- Mis nssippi r;.ver. The weapons used were bowie fcnives. Major Barns was wounded in the irra, and body, which are thought to be mor tal. The latter wa-5 also seterely injar.?d in the faco, his nose being entirely severetr, and one of his eyes BO injured a? greatly to im pair, if not entirely destroy his sight." The Coloual'a second was slightly wounded by a thrust from Major Berns-New Albany Lodger. -? <S> ? i . . . - FalGHTTtfL XTTAl*. IxTERflEBON?PARIMt, LA.-A WHOLE FAMILY KILLED.-A terrible affair occurred last Saturday, on Felicity is land, in this Parish. As fer as we can learn, tho circumstances are as follows: 1 seems the island had been rented to a man named McDonald, who, with, tis wile and son, (thc latter a young m .n) lived on the island'. Another 7nau, by . the name of Bourg, took the liberty of squatting "oh the islaud, and \?as repeatedly ordered ..off by McDonald, but refused to go. The conse quence was a continual war between the two families. On last Saturday, McDonald, bia wife aud son, aud o negro-man, who, it seems, was in (he employ of McDonald, went to the houso of Bonr?, all armed. What' their in tentions were does cot appear clear, nor have we been able to get the particulars of the fight that ensued, but tho result ii tragical, to say the least-. McDonald. Lis wile and son were killed and the negro slightly wounded. Bourg has been arrested, and'will of course bo held to appear for trial before the District Court, that is, il wo ever have any court again.-Louisiana Paper. TOE SIAMESE TWISS OurnoRt--TWO ne gro children are now on exhibition at Raleigh, NoHh Carolina, that excite much cariosity. They are fourteen year? ofage, ?ind wera born of slave parents in Anion couejtp- Th? Standard speaks of them, asfotftijjfc? The connection between these girls "is closer than in the Siamese twins, there being more of the physical and mental organ? comino* to esch. The connection begin? below the neck and terminate* at the extremity of tbettpine. To touch ono At any-poiut of her body bolo* the connection Bends a sensatioo to tho brain of each j whHe ? touch ot either above the con~ nection is felt by that one only. They can talk to different persons at the satiio'ifnV: on eutirely'difierent subjects; acd ODO_C?I en gage in * game of whist wljlc tho other-reads atwiogb -' - (i ? &nm