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- 47M "'Wevwill cling to the Pillars of the Tesiple of ou. Iberfies-0 ad if It. mat fall. we ilIeiI ai~ u itn. SIYIKINS9 DURISGE &CO., Proprietors.ED EIL ,S C4 E RU Y10188VO.XJfN. REMARKS OF HON. WILLIAM GREGG, OF EDGEFIELD, ON THE BANKING SYSTEM. c RESOLUTIONS OFFERED BY MR. GREGG. C Resolved, That the distressed state of the t country, and the unprecedented derangement1c of monetary affairs, render it necessary for this Legislature to pass some act to amend the Bank Charters, which shall in future restrain Bank issues. Resolved, That the money pressure every- c where, and general want of confidence, render it necessary at present to remove all unnecessa- I, ry restrictions upon the Banks, that they may t have freedom of action, and be able to so far c expand as to give a forward movement to the produce of the country now waiting to be sent f to market. t Resoired, That we have full confidence in the t solvency of our Banks, and in their disposition r to resume specie payments as speedily as ci cumstances will permit. . i Resolred, That a committee of seven be rais- t el to take into consideration the whole subkject of Banking in the State, and report a Bill for the action of this House. ADDRESS. Ma. SrPEaiit:-One of the great objects of V this Assembly is to correct the imperfections of P our laws. If the great men of 1840 have made laws I that are found not to answer our purposes in 1857, but are sonrces of serious embarrassment 0 to every interest in the country, shall we, fur P the sake of punctilious consistency, refuse to s repeal them? Shall we attempt to chastise a, the banks, while every blow we strike inflicts o a wound upon ourselves? Do you expect the C banks to loan money to relieve the country at. C six per cent., and pay the State five out of it'? Il The proposition is absurd. The fact is, that the S cotton of this State cannot, and will not go I frward, without a removal of this restriction. Every warehouse in the interior is full of cot- I ton, and thousands upon thousands of bales will i remain in the country. From this cause, the t warehouses in Hamburg and Augusta are piled I up to their roofs. The State may put a fewt thousands into her coffers, but it will be at the t expense of ten dollars a bale to the planter. I First, the banks could not loan for fear of! sispension, and, after suspension, you say they shall not loan. I have been a daily witnes this Fall, of the diifticulties wita which every planter has met who had to sell cotton, and I E have seen it sold at 10 cents, when the Liver poal advices warranted 15 cent-s. It is need less to talk here about things getting right of 01 themselves; the banks must have rei or the ciuntry will be ruined. Tiey must be relieved ' of the penalty, and from a public alvertisenent of their condition. Many a good financier has d been ruined by exposing his affairs. If yoi ji want the banks to get up again, spee.lily, let c them alone ; place them in a situation that n. , man can pry into their affair.. One b mlk shoalda n)t know what the other is doing. If they are let alone they will expand ; it is the only hope I for them and the country. If money goe< wat e to purchase cotton, every body will be able to a pay their debts to the bank:-, in 1840, when the banks suspendled, I wais a director in Charleston. The bank in which I was a director had $000,000 circulation, and t 8 30,000 specie. All the banks knew it, and a were afraid of us. It was hopeless to think of"I 0 ever resuminig without an expansion. We diid 0 expand, as nearly as I can recollect, about $800, 030, principally upon cotton drafts. We loaned V freely to our nercantile customers, who were k soon able to pay us back three-fold, and helped P Creativ to reduce our liabilities. SBut for the expansion of the banks at that C time, many a good mnerchaunt would hlave been e ruined. I had just carried into a concern there, I .$100.000. One of my partniers hadl just return- 0 ed from Europe withi a large stock of perishable ' n goods. We burrowed fromi thle banks .$130,000, ,P to make good the falling off~ of our~ sales; itt was soon r eturned. Our weak bank, in a few Ii months, became strong, paid its banik balancest a in specie, and resumed, to the astonishnment of C. all the other banks, who followed in quick suc- P cession. Thius e.une about resumuptioni from aa quarter from which it was not expected, and bi several months before anybody looked for it. a The brokers deposited barrels of specie in theo batnks that they could not sell, and nobody wasnted hard money.. I repeat, Mr. Speaker, that our. banks wil have to expund before the country can be re lieved, and I hope all unnecessary restrictions t' may be removed. 1 am surprised to see gentlemen still hangmi oa to the idea that stocks and State securities v form a fit basis for a bank circulation. Ihave Ii we not seen enoughi to satisfy us that it is all a i fallacy'? Look at New York, with her great c system of stock securitie u-stocks thlat were t worth $120 ibefore suspension, reduced to $25. Look back and see wvhere Georgia was in 1840. t Gecorgia, one o'f the muo.-t enterp~risinlg and sols eat States, had to standi by, andi see her I peri y cent. bonds, sold for 4i4 cets in the dollar-.1 WithI pulie works oni hanud, that are to costs us a debt ol $20.000,000, how are our Stateb bonds to be relied on fior a basi~s? We had bet- t t-.r c.>:e to the reality at once, andi priendel for f, a ctontracted paper currenicy, with a strong spse- ii cie basis. 11 A adl I aim still more surprised, Mr.. Speaker, to hear atdvoceatedl tile restriction of b~anks to it peir r'ent. dividlendls; that is not hing short of offering inducements to extravagance. 1f thet banks eaIrn 10 per cent. after ma~king Igo- their surpilus they umay be iin.hueed to expenid tihe balance in extravagant buildings and big sala- jt ries. What we want is a reduction of the nuim- c ber of banks, and less banking capital ; then, iI with a pr.,pcr restrictions on the i.ssue5, we will ii have as good bainking systeml tor our purposes " as we wait. Let us take time, anld not do t tingsu raishy.I WhIat I want to impress upon this Hfouse is,~ t'at the great secret of restraiing batnki.-e t has not. yet been discovered. For thle want o1' the propmer restrictionis, thle country has lust un told umillionls. The whole banik capital of the United States, iln 1837:, would nlot pay half which was lost by tile 5uteniriS of 18S7 and 1840. And what may be said of this susp-.-n sion ? Why, .Mr. Speaker, it is my candidII opimIon, tha't if all the bank capital in thme wholev country was dinided out among the sulerer.s, it would f.dl short of paving the loss. The State of New York has :;:0 banks, with a capital of $85,5,00d. It is said that the i city of New York herself has suffered lose; t that .9100,000,000 wvill not cover; andi how ist it withl us ? In all probability, this cottoni crapl) will sell for $20 a bale less thian it would have done but ihr~ the m~OneItary' convulsion ; O00,- 1 000) bales. at $20, makes the rmutnd smtn of $6000),000. Thle 141 banks in tile cott n- a gtrowinlg States i-ave $07,70J0,000 of capital. j~ Many individuals estimate that cotton will be a mol a 25 a bar leas than it would have been, . tad this suspension not taken place; 3,300,000 ales, at $25, foots up the round sum of $82, 00,000. With these figures before us, I think re may come to the conclusion that we have aid pretty dearly for our experience. We have had an awful lesson in the present ionetary crisis. It has caused wide-spread uin andi distress throughout our land, and hai educed to poverty some of the wealthiest mer antile houses in the great cities of the Union. lut, however sid and severe the lesson, it,- inay, nd I trust will, result in a blessing to our ouatry. It is, in all probability, a timely in rference of Providence, to check us in a mad areer of speculation that would have resulted i still greater calamity. Such was the seen ig ease with which money co)uld jbe made by anibling speculations, that all sources of pro active industry was in a process of rapid de lension, and the cost of production so increased, s to render remtuneratitng pr. fits almost hope Ks. Evena our great agricultural productions, 4e value of which is not affected by our inflated urrenev, but regulated by the gold and silver Landard of other countries, are not exCmlt -um the enlanced cost of their production. All be appliances for husbandry now cost three ines more than the current rate of 1845, when egro follows were worth .500, now $1.200; iules, $65 to $75, now $200 to 82-25; and d inore thi-a doubled in the value. But for he high prices that have prevailed for five 'ears past, for cotton, sugar, tobacco and rie-.-, re in the old Southern States could not have ved. It now reqmires double the capital that ras formerly invested, to make a bag of cotton, rhile we have no assurance of continued high rices. I say th .t this lesson, savere as it is, m-ty b itene:ld to teach us, what all men must now e satisiiel of, th-it the bank restrictions throughi tit the UiteL. States are incomplete-and the cople of South Carolina can searcely fail to -e that ours ar- utterly worthless as saiegir-irds ;aiht suspeasion. Trte penalty of 5 per cent. nt all issues i.s a mere nockery, for the bills in irculation hlve been put forth in inany instant, as on an interest of ten, and are pmaying t hC anks at least 7 per cent. ; for it cannot be Ipposed th it the capital which represents thee 'rel.,eumable bills is lying in the banks idle. I 1n, however, opposed to inflictin anly puisih ient on the banks twr. It would be extreme r hard to punish a bank that had adherel iroughout, to a prudent legitimate cour.,C of anking, eiially with the reckless., that seeted ) have a ierfect disregard of t he relative i1anaa: tr of specie. compared with its liablilities. I efieve that many of ouir banks are as juliciouly etmaged as any banks can be, Sad de.:erve no unishmnict t'll Ir he past. It is extremely dilli alt for the mosiAt prudently managed bank, to void being drawn iuto such a sweeping guId as as pa:ssedl over our country, anid prodluced at i.pen-ion of nearly all Gur banks Sappozc ne to be located in Charleston and fitncd for ose and judicious uanagemlneat; she 11a1y keepi dollar in her vaults foir every ltper dollar out. his very fiact is calculated t) make such an stitution a fav.rite bank for collections and Lposites; an.1, fromo courtesy to her neighbor ig batiks. as well s a positive hity to her stoter<, sIn in bound to take far culleetion;s, ad on deposite. all specie-payinag hank bills; id(. to refulse to take the bills of any one of io weakest banks in the contunitv in ati inc [ deprcs:sion and excitement, would at once c-ate distru.t. anal cause a run for specie, and general supeansion would follow. carrying -it it the bank that lia-1 been least of all i .rumental in brinazimti' :,aout a iece-Zi tv fto: a ispen-ion, and not htalf so culptble as sume of iv banaks wio had, by .4ir gsod wh , been le to wettlher the storm. There are degre; crimidity itn the act of* sua1pent-ion tat. h.ig!t to ph11ee almuost every bank oat a separate d listiact ii.,ting. Some bank; suspetdedl rech from a belief that a generial inove of the nd wVUbt relieve the pI)e-sutre aw-l ena-be theC .duce of the cotuntry to go forward. All of it old bank< which hal givent Such a high amracter to S. C. bank hills, have been, of ae at years, driven by naew comopetitiona, to abi:i >, in some degree, their ol legitimnate atmde 'bankinag ; ail, a< the State has beeni instrut ttal itn bringinag abotut thte eloteents of suts .sion, we should be very careful lio' we use te rod of correction ; bttt, for future safety, icorporate in their charters sutch restrictions Swill prevent a fntture occutrrenee. Fiae per ... per annuu on the circulation, dutrinigite riodl of suspensioan, is a slight puntaishmttent, d atlards no comnasationi to the injured hill alder, wvho has to pay htis debts in goodl money,. ii a heavy premniumi to get it ; and, aside front ter considerations, the baniks anightt ma~ny meas be so circumtstantced, that it would be realy to their interest to suaspendl, and pay tech a forfeiture---and, but, for the consequtaecs >the coannunity, it would be jtust and proper iexact thte penalty now. TLhe subject of banking andl currency i~s so ttle uanders tood, that it shouild bie approached ith the greatest possile caaution ; and wc must all bear int miatd, that any punlishmttents aticted on thte banks, at paresentt, only tend~ to reate new di ilicul ties and embarrassmenats toughtotut thte comutniity. It is all importat at tbe banaks should be left free to, act as they uink best. Theyv are all axiouis to resuame, id will do so :1s soont a-s circumastances wvill erit ; and anty punishmuent that we naty in ict, for the purpose of coercing a speedy re uption, will fail to accomplish thae .bject, ring trouble upon the commnunity, and disable a banks to miake thte requisite preparations era general resumnptiona, which canntot be rought about int any other way thantt 1)y an ex asioan of btank issues, so as to entable the pro uce of the counatry to come forward], anad also > place thte manais int the htands oh every botdy > a' their debats, which is now the upp1erttt bughlt in every imn's mtind. Iowever much U~am dispose-d to cor:nmend' a Comptroller General for thec promptht dhis ar:;e of his duity itn executinag thei. law, libe. eve it would lbe wise legislation to refhmda thec oney collected fromt the bainks. Othterwise, it 'ill cause a strinagenicy itt thte motney martket tt ought niot to exist; for banaks will not loan eir~ bills whten they hiavei to pay 5 per cent. iterest ont them. The State is worse olf thtan is banks. Situated as shae is, I think it is eni rely beneatht lher dignity to call upoitn the ak< tot payi the forlbitture. Thec State is una I to) pas hter bonds at par, The suspenadedi atk ptaper is attre cuirreat thana State ,tredit; a ani will gave thec sutspended banak bills ihr' tate bonds at jnr. She is itn a state oif sna. ensiont herself. 11cr own biank led off, andt 'as tbe first to susp~endl. Shte is paying the terest on hter pulic debt in hter own irre ceemable banik bilks 11er laiborers otn tihe State apitol are paid in the istiae way ; anid, taside om all thti<, shec has been inastrumnental hterselfI a brinaging this state of thinags tauon the bantks, y the creationt oh nw bantks wheni ail whtere hte were no~t nteetded. I feel perfectly cotnfa ent thtat if thae State htad not increased the ak caipital of South Ca:roliana sinice 18-h0, our1 auks woulid now be payimng specie for their ills, and' doinag all that any: sot of btanks could e int sutch a calamitous stormn. I repeat thtat it aot a mttatter for its now tou tisactass, ow we e to get outt of this dillicaulty. We can dc t.:ng to eliene tbne conntry from a nalamity that a long series of years has brought upon iv The people and the banks must work out thei own salvation. The duty that we have to per form is to provide for the future. Our bankin; institutions must be regulated, so that if an: future legislature should create more, and to many banks, some wholesome restrictions wil confine them to legitimate banking, and leav, them no ground to act upon. Every man must admit that this is a prope time to consider the.ilject-of restraining ban] issues. The subject is now being agitated every where, and the public mind must be prepare< to act on it with justice to thenselves, and wit a due regard to the interests ef the1>anks. W all know how easy it is to lbrget lesions of at versity, and to run into ruinous extravagance Only five years after the sad revulsion of I 841 a new inflation coimumenced, and fron that perio< to 1851, no less than 211 new banks had beei created in the United States; and, as early a 1847, people began again ito t;alk about suspen sion,and such was the genera! distrust of b.nk' that sispension, with its atteml.mt desolatio and ruin. hauinted the minds oef all comercia meni. At the early period of 184-7, such wa the state of things that one of the banks of th City of Charleston, it is suppoised, would hav suspenIed, but for large and timely loans o specte fund~ fron two other banks. Since 1847, the wheel of speeulation and in flation has been steadily proIgre.,ing, and up t< January, 1.57, embracing a period of only 1( Vears, neo le; th an 078 new Jaiks have beei ereated in time United States; and from 1843 t< 18.51, the baki circulation was incereased fron lifty-eight millions, to one hundred and iftv-fiv m illionis ; and still further increased from on hundred and liftv-five million.< in 1851. to tw< hundred and fir millions in 18.54; and sucl has been the danger. at all tillies, of a genera suspension since 184I, that We many be said tI have been all the time oi t he very brink of i pnxlpree, re:ay to be puslhed over into b.k ruptcy and ruin, by any wind that might ereati a want of confidence in the bank4. There wer Iperiods, in the eoiurme of any year .since 18 1 in which the. breakin. of a 1-i.nle bank wont. haMve rai-Sed a stoIerm ; and, ubli:- sus1icion, one arouel no hnian power -.ublH have allahved Nothimi" but the constant flood of gold fron C.diitbrnia kept up conlidence in the baniks ; and although it went out. of tile conni ti y a. lais a. it camue in, and geneerally faster, yet it led tie people to blelieve that tile, country was fiilinu; up with gol. I think it must be plainly seel b all miitellign t men, that the great :eeret ha ye'to le iulved, Iy which we are t- leari hoim t egviu iaii L-1 tiurren-cy anl prevent excnt ev Iank issiue. .\n of our restrictions hav'e ~aterly. fraiied Ou.-r lanks, whiei have a iinion of capit.1'mt) is.ie thiree milions in bills, and not have ter thousiancd dollars of specie in their vaults. Th New York llanks were required tit deposit, ii the hand.s of a Comic-ksioner appointedl bey ti State, ais i:y doulhis i!!,otd siocks .Ls tico iuink could issue of its noteo : that, was uppose ti bt :Ip;e, and it was thlghtt aLt thee New York b.ik circtlation Vas bet ter frititied thla .1y in tile Union. B!t wih.t a signal iihlre 3 TIc bank all suee. anil whit won'.d thl stock-s have sold fur, in New York, lhr har-c mcn11 V .\n eort to redeem lthe suspencde bank billk by the sale (it sich stoic-ks. woul leave riniced both the b1:n ik a.and the: bill-holders La 1S1.7, it Vais my l0t tO conuinceIICC inl earl life to provide for :cnyself: the lave year.s alei that. was a pertio.di of great depressiin in muonel matters, when the cio.-e,t eononmy was necessa. irv to the successf! developmlent of imcy eiter perise. About the year 1,:.2, the cointry bega toe shew signs of propuecrity. and things conctin ned lit itiprove lip to .P8;3., whIlei a periode c) bank inlItioen and.,pjweclatioen Cocmm ciencel. vheiel in a l yerrun thle people of ioIr counatry mcl. Norro fellews went ip. inl a sh-rt time hom ii 15. to 8~1. aitl v, ii; everythim, ie propeotieoIi. lvry ima1n expevt'e&d tee : ;-I..ure, :e'l there was scarcely a sieuctess-l m e r, cit in the couitrv that was niot preprin i to b:-ancich hin< ceelnc ,e'tl syn-e:vl his be-ice.+ to tee ien-Is. ;laickenit ha ande other tradlesnei be. cue mierchants. Soaphl and eanctle-mitn ha' beecme ereoY.:ore meerchiants.:med loo' ked ferwar c to the dlay when they' wouhld lee ranikedl anin the llothsoihls. 'The laudies ini Ne.v Yoerk were floeutineg 8-:00~ dresses, dceratineg their shoul. ers with 8,000( shawls. Thie benecs aned speen lators, which latter emebraecd lemlf lee peele ci the country, h:i'l so bloated up t he-ir affatirs, ilcal anl exploionii /1"d to take phlice. It camne like: whiilwin-l, to the surprise of everybody. Wit I little or- no specie in cicutlatien, it was fonie that the bank dleposi tes a"d bl aik (cienlatime ien amuncted to two hundred and sevencty-eight millions of dollars, wvith! a spci basis of bho thirty-eight inillions, leaving a surpelus eef ini debtedness of thce baiiks. of two hcudced ant thirty-eight tuillioins, whlich had to bee cuta~ilec as speedily as possible. The eflorts of the bank, to bring themselves inito peositioni agin, spea ruein and desolatioen bcroad-ea4t over ounr cnt ry anl, lent fur thle bankrecpt laws, the counmtry wiouhld not heave receovered in ten years. I place the banck dbeosite~s acid thce notes it circuilation toge-theer. fhr the reason theat everyv bodv kinews that a depositei is nothing ccore than sCo much piaper ioney deposited, to lee paie out in the sauce kind oef curreney, ande all that the banly have noet speceie toe reeem, cmucit be rated as i rredeameale paper money. In 184:3, the banek deposites and issue: amounted to one hundred arid fourteen mnilliomns specie in banks, thirty-three millions ; showing that there was, at that time, but eighty-one million of irredeemab~le bank bills in circulatior and. on deposites, over and above the specie tham was in thee banks-sthowing a centractione, in live years. of one hunedrced acnd fifty-seven meillion 'f edollars, qiuite enouigh to~ ru~in aniy country About this perio.l the country hcad got righi agin;eo meonecy was comparatively plenty amc interes-t low. All legitimate channels of trate seecied to be fully supp~lliedl with means; amnd what I wish muore fully to impmress upon the nrmnes of mnemnber is, that all braniches of in yeairsan until the new~ intiation hcad goet fah1h 'uder- wtay, ; acnd, singular e-nough to~ say, t hal Ih five eas after 1843,tebnstruhn cause of whbich was a snltlect of anxiouis enqiuir) with thce bankks of Charletmn and Augnista. 'The truth is, that the minds oif the people, at tiae eaily dlay, hadl noit beomne imecbued with th<i spirit oif speciulataion ; the day had not coim when -very mcan wa< in a hurr-y to get i-ichl (e uocr ; thc thil, which doutled ever'y mii inovenieit. had not comnotenced. Now, tollo~w me ucp, ande let nmo picture foi-th the course that things leave taken, thuat I mna2 explaine, as far- as I can, the cause, the natureame the extent, of thce pesenit cahamitous~ storm ii ourc meoietary allairis. As I have before obscervedl, in 1813:, we had in llank depeosites ande paper circulation, eighty oine meilionis (98 1.,000~t t) of icrredeecmabb lank hpaper. '1 nat, with thce small anmunt v gold and silver tueni in circulation, coenstitutee ouer tr-gdineg capital. Eterything fitted itself t< thfat state of things, andI the trade of thce coin try wentr on without anuy tcapparet deficiency u ieanis, to caery on vigorously the whole buii~ ness of thce cotuntry. ha .1851, just eight year afterwards, we fined a very diffieent state c and another sad revulW - tbat time the r Bank circulation and de 'qe amounted to two - hundred and seventy-si. sillions ($276,000, ; 000); specie in Banks:. 37,000,000; showing that our working capital 7 irredeemable bills, without any augientati" of bullion, hand in I creased from 81,000,00O -1843, to S239,000, 000, in 1851, or nearly 3 per cent. in 8 years. Everything was then pus g forward with the speed .of steam, to keep' rade and speculation .up to the workig,cpi at.had been thrown - into business channels. very man felt that I the California gold min V. ere.emptying their I trenLures upon us, and and every individu 3 al was jreparing himself r an extensiion of bn - siness. Every mind was bued with the spirit of speculation. It is niotiknown exactly when the inlation connnenced, but it is certain, that I the business of the coun'ty fitted itself to it; I all was well balanced, had the real metallic money ba-is been right. In 1854. we find the circulation and bank de posites to be $392,000,000 with 859,000,00 specie in the ianks, thus ring u- $333,00,000 of irredeemnablle trading espital, against S2''-., 000,000 in 1851. Things, by this tine, had be Wicoe top-heavy, but yetAe constait floods of "old fr omt California, indiioel us to believe that idl was right. The circle of boisiness vperations still widened, adjusting itself all the time to the quantity of moncy at. corininand. Thing4 went on swimmingly, and every man who coulid throw ol his homespun coat was a trader. and men of straw becane great nerchant.s. lit 185'6, we fiud the deposits and oiErculation to be %407, I 00,00, specie in banks,- 3000 000, thus giv ine s a trading, c lpital 354,000, ofire deelmble I paper, against thbsu of 333,000A00 in 1854. We iad, at thystage of aliirs, that iverytiing that adlinisAS to our want had] increased in value thrA-iohld; negro elo1 "1,00U it 1,20U; muleg 4200 to C'25 c riage horie!, $1,000) to0l,500; in New. '.ki, igl hurses $L,500; pairs 8:,000 to $3,000 ; lLerLhialits buililing pialace to live in; the old Astor flouSe. thIat was cotiidered I lie wonderi of Ule age in i836, had to give wa to the St. i :hicholas, and others, more extravagantly anil uxuriously tittedl and idrnished. I -lies are 1- da.,ing aboutI the ,strew- and watering" llave<; Iagain withm their $500 dresses and S'-iI.(tO shawl im-ehanti are seen pullimgdon princely buil ing- to vie wit eacti othgr in tile erction of stores, at an expense of'three to live hundre'l ihousand doll:ari; inen qre seon running, to ;ui fro, to lind employent gr-money that Ilas ieen borrowed at 10 to 15 uts premanmin every raiioad project, howeve -idvonary. imiay make bonds awl tid purch .. for tfhemi, and ge reaIy ilioley at sioie priice or other ; nauiii cent cities are built inl tkil wekt, and nitold nil lions are male and lost:!b such speculatiuns. iltonsui; wild spirit, oil,, .speculition that wlas .o rfd1 andulvwinch ruined so nmy omen in 1837, pi -6tmir cotntiy again, aind more land iai been d paid for by popuiation in fifty years. Indeed every thing, wns bi taken holl of with avidity, except such imive..tmlents as were necessary to develope the indu.,trial re.sources of the country. TL'hey hI:'e been thrown iii the shade, and nothing bitt dire nececsicy. growing out of the incre.tsed consuip til of 01ottini, prompli:s the world to purchase our Ntaple, at prices tiat will reamner.ite, in t his Ae ( extravagance. Now I have given a sketch of the cour.:c of thing from i14 t, to the sunnri- of I.~ , when, :t a dead calin, the tormi of p:bli: ditruist coimnences, aiid the banks begi to cointrict their ciruilai ion. Meni t11d it di 1ieuil t to p. ocur1e mon4.Jiley to imieet the cUnliioest e:g.Igewnilits. ui.d maike -erims sacruiices to niai taa crelit. It i.; sooni fouiindh that the banks have contiiracted t'iirt v illions of dollars of their cienbition,:i will l1ot 101an a 'uiht!:r to Well ios*e Il-gJhtimm:1: oper.ttiln. reu(iire large sums every day. Verv -AoMn bomtle of the stronlgest and hW it hlon-es ill th* C.,untry are driven to them w:dl, hiel;il, :I'l iav to give up a business (invlving iillion-) ,ipreol out over tle whole Ulitel State.-; tshi 'ailairs are faiL in consumission, wvil h good asti to) sazew a .-uri.hiis oh a nullioi; th:ey are wann-i up an und an l re-hit:-c'i ob;:::. y, frn no uother caumse than a <mid~en contrael'ti .: ot 1a~mk curteicy, the inflaution of which hadu in hicedi t in~si :i~ ,ir ..s o f tue ipper-tea t ihun cir. ele. where the mierchaut, were3 1 sing a prope rouls buinesi.'s, to expand into a l:tr;er cirlwt .tiK! retrpoecsot' success. One ma alle anthrct~ks, the ba-irt12 t (~w the cords tighter and tighter, until linial:y they burst, andii t hien coi mnes a generiial sait-in ; and, what is wor:.e, coties the reality tliar we have'. to re trace oumr .step4, and the .-ad pictsuie :stire: u in the thee tinat, instead of $854t001 ) 04o 11radimr caital, we have not a hiiiidred unilt: of real mooney in the banks and in cir cultmion. imilepi~i~eiiet of the sub,-trea~mury. Tlimis we i:n-e to have ,mbleiniiy taken awvay friim us.$254p 0, 100 of ouhr traIing capital, and we hav e to ge't back, the best way~ we canm, to the happy'' iool tinw ciipied in 1845 and 18-lb. I say (150 000,00 ir I am quite sure thair tli '0,00, 0001. of banmk pafper will now serve the counitry quite as well Z, .$81,000,000 did in 18t t, when tue undlertrata of our circuItntioni was larey tilled up with small bank bills, which. I tru t, will in future be supersededl bygold. I repeatt that I will not fatvor any mneasure which looks towards punishimng our su'penidedl baniks; but I would th-row such guards around them, by amiendmtents of their cihatters, as will secure the country, at least South Carolina, from futurte bank suspensions. Thme 1.t .step towards this object is thme trepeal of thec usury laws. 21. To "require all the banl.u to keep one doll:ir ini specie for every three of circiulation, toget hecr with ordinary depo.sites and other im mediate liabilities. 3d. A pro-pective Act, which shlol sceutre thme State againist the isue or circulation of buank bills under twenty dollars. 4th. An Act to raise the limit of interest on bank discounits to 8 per cent. on notes or. bIls ot esch:mge, payi.le either in or omit of the State. Nothling should be charged, mn thieshp xchaniige. 5ta, Thal't ino bank in this State shtotild he allowed to puchs the notes of' inidividuals, nor to be concer-ned in such purchases. tith. No bank in South Carolina shall lbe al lowed to have her capital, or any psirtioii of it, loaned on call to people out of South Carolina. -7th. Every hank in South Carinua which shall hereafter suspend specie payment, before issuing any more bills, shall procuie new platies andh have new paper struclj tqif, to dlesigiiate the new from the olId bills; that tho banmks shall pay to the old1 bill-holders 10 per cenlt. dlamnages for the act of suspension amid its consequenices to the ill-holders, anmd at then ratte of' 8 per cent. per' annum on the bills, during the period of' suspenisionm. 8thi. The cashier shall be required to3 state, I on oath, with the monthly returnm, that the banik had not violatedl its charter. Such laws would put our curtencay on a smundl basis, and secure uts against a superabumndance oif I banking caphitatl ini future. - Such retrictionls mayi~ appear to maniy persons~m Sto e unmnece.,sardy 5trinigenlt. Uimt a little ex f plaiation way regiove such impressions. ]Banks are... u..ermd with a view to benefit particularI localities, and to a1d to the general prosperity. They are expected to constilt the best interests of thle community around, while, biy.a motment's reflection, if we take a general view of the sub ject, we will pierce've that their interest leads them in a diametricily oppoi-ite direction. The country at large is interested in a soind, and, as nearly as pos4itbb. a hard money currency. The banks are interested in flooding the coun try with paper inoney, and, consequiently, de ranging- the currency. It iA th-ir interest to drive out of circulation every hard dollar, and put in its place three of paper money. The first ellrt f a baztk, af'ter it is oranized, i. to put out as large a circulation, as many bills as it can putat fortli, and obtain in return. means that seem to be reliable, fir I it redemtiplion of. the same. ThiS ef4brt never ceases utril the country becones overwhelmed with bank paper; a reaction necessarily take liace ; whena a ,ne ientary convulsion f.dlowz, and the whiole country is called oi to participate in the general enlbarrassmtettt and ruin that mus.,t inevitably follow. We have abtudant and pressing inducements to guard ourselves, in everyway we can t.againtt excessive bank issues. It demoralizes a country, iakes every mai a speu:ilatrt. makes real :no ney scarce. and raise., indefinitely the ratt. of interest ; and t.ie best shiehgt that can be thlrowi aLroundttl 0 pwoeole to pirotect tim itagailst exorbi tant rate. of intere.st will be futdt to ber restrictiinis on the Circulatiou o'f patper itoey. wiih will reavi- tile object in idirectly, while di rect laws aaminst usury will utterly' fidl'. We have fir ten years lat.'t enjoyel appareit ly a state of pro-perity unlirecedetnatdl blt is nlot iluch of it fietion ? Have we not Ieen liv ilg ont borrowed capital, that now, in our sober .;enseW, We ha'Ve to pay ? Loiok at the hunlreds itf miillion- of' bndts that htave. bieen inade am'ong Its, and whieh iave pas1ed foijr real wealtti! Look at ite va-.t .,umit that have been borrowel Itoi fo'eiiti conities, :ildI whilill have heeft spenat anal .nag 1ts ad ilt ONIg --iniee relitrned by i us to the1 counltries from.1 wich-: they ectile. to1ur tl'ba~e exi r4V:mrLlit hixIi'ies ! Tere c:n be lio .bt-lubts WS Ill Onel n--d! p-eitfrth ut:-v enl years4.,v r:h tvery 'giutrlarticle but hate we not i ved that, ind'l si'a t Ow borrowt~ved nu-mer- :')I.l.e lu real :i rii Coveredll A1 1he i-me tinnler. :a p:lpercurn. Whih hs h~mSo ei.ao 1im.ige -,Ilr moA,-t. ir knt ainl ii'ertcct imeon. It la.= dbtoled men; it ha1; deld the wi'le natio; 4.: put at d..-liaiwe th:- u-ary hiws of' every Std,;mid. I. trunt, co:ivincedl All sob1er-thilInking. nieni. that. :tv- inaiet bi ten ate ituttery ii.:.dipiiaie to re'vulalc thlt v d t 3-111-'Y att ll ivr th:UI ally utiler coinminbity, a11111 1ii:lt Wippyalul 104n:1n0 will govern, a, certaildy . s tthat water will find its level. It is wCii known that a sliding SO'ede (f ilitter e in the I-:mnk of. Enghanl, is the great regula tor of* mone14Ctr '13air in thatCount ry"". d a sa Fed. that.evgry State in tis Uion TIftiindif interest in a Tneisng a ir aw,j for the rate of, intereit ii the only sure index to poinit Mut ie'ia ot inatiic and over- to iins, ail, it' left uniicon'.role i bi Law, would .2erv tio w'tain Its of alprouhing danaer. Mtr the r ul.mition inl IS-M. intere:-t wa Ilow t-r 1 severa l aS, Wnll mo1neVy apparenty1.11 more abuinitnt th:i of reeit Years. The baniks of thi., State awl Gerii could not, fior Ianty yeri.S, 'get out a ri'reni.aitn if their i for the pit reason titt the oimtry affrdted no. demru11.ii for it., and w.ts i-ill of p ail and silver, wh ieh hal to be di-jaced bre tin Ipae wuld Ilint its way out. Agriculturald awii ll plilahiC intdu.lttrial eliterp'i-e<'c: ent. Stea-li2Lly ahtic I in 1815 nn.1 '46, whea the bank e'.rculatti ir the l'tiite:1 States W:- very liA . N.) mtana. whoa cent. A< t'eii.f.t oth t :iie. ille Cota-i av, I brrow...i large si:ns of Itmoney 'air that 'iaav. at ietr erit., ant tat., froi; ?.s-e of the best finaiciers of tie cou:ti'. A'i i*I' m11ne10 bee~un.- more11 abjtiuviant. 1w1-nlat1liOnl1m mienl - . with1 i',7 ;., Ohal ill 1IS I ha.d t., rais' mi' rite of' iittr t'4 p. cet., i:i 15.T,: to 7 ut'r**-y loansl, the in:;terec't r':mgcd tront o to 10i per cent. Ilave von not 'stice.1, that the rate of inltr e.t ~in .\ew 'ao rk artah 11 uton s beetn 1eputedh in lie newItSpaLper., tir five year's patt at fronii 10 .,r la pe centt., vibr'ating; withI tne lII k I-.sie.4 I Nritheitr:tieit ie4. If' it were otherwise, thle conn mtece of the cou~ntryV couild no't go tin. l),i yo not kntow that. the llinks of this .%c~I e ha~ve shown at rel ietancte ta I io:ut :noniey a:n pape;' that I [ave yu noi' t tiottced~l.. tit any. mint h:p that iu lii aJn~ ks iate driawia the icord's tight romttl r'e..:nlar bn-iness, awtl thrown :idmo.st out month-' loan. wh'ich all butisiess. ecepht, pro dce tdealerts atnd spaeutt!or'' .1't tqield to ;a .- tt do~ vout not kinowt thfat th uIi r tt'l awsi atre set at - noti.h t' te Banik' oit ti-- Stte, :and so it wil~ the wh'ienecver the lBank~s cant iniltl!e thle countr tan md fill it withi specuilatorits thait aire a! ways re:tdh- to give t wiee a; tomuch interedt mo tey fot' hoiins, as anty tregutir bu'.ine. eau atLtord to pay? f)o y'ou know htowt the Newt#Taork lan~k~ evadle tan i ary l-ny'.? A cto-toer gote into ii New Yorik Batnk to borro'tw $12i.'tt. Th'ie intk is readyv to loant. but tequiiteS the barrow'eret to give a 'note for $20,000, and pay intercst ott that amount. lIe pays the initerest, *$1,400f. in al vance, tand receives $10/f100, leaving 8f000 of the nett proc'eeds, ott depoiisite, to lbe pliced to the credit of the noto, amnd. loanted to .some ot her customer. Now', this is am downright didge oft the law, which a Northern man will uinht:ing ly mmake, but tocht as waiu1li e entirely repug nat to the nticer f'eelint.s of' a Siuthierni man. But ontly change the natmure of the transactitin, antd ia'se the inote, a bil11ltif exchange, a kite, i' needs be, (tinr tthere is a echarmn in the wordls, bll ot' exchange, which i.s mu ne to the tear ofC a Sotthern bantket'.) Oat that kitnd of' papelr the borrower can be as dlecent ly shavedl itn SomuthI Caroinia as itt New York, or aiiywher'e else. Notwithstanding t he nigh rate of itnterest tthat evey tramnsaction wats b ased uiptmn, three mtonthIs ago,~one deillar would taot pittchaise ineite ttant 33 centts of' what it would have d onme int 18 il. Negroes, tmles, hiacon, and all t ite attlia~n'es for agiclture, have risent itn tha~t prtoporttiont, anal vou Itind a mian as willitng. nowt to borr'ow iiioney at 10 per cenit, to purcbase a negtro for $1,200, as he would have bieen to give 7 per' centt. ten yeas atgo for' cash to purchiase a negro att $500m This is not the result. of a Suat bun'titidatnce dir tmoney.3' brit the eiheet aof tic prvil'inig spirit of speculation. Money is ike every other met' catile cotntanodity, it fohllows with great eat-e and raipidity thet chaninel' thtat lead to the beest m akets. The demnand has beent great int New York for several yeatrs past, and mer'chants at distant points have beeni otff~eed 10 to 1U pers cent. primnttIt, for' advaniced paymetl~nts. 1ke eentlv such off'ers hia'e beena raised to) twenty pe. c'ent. You see what an indutcemeiit here is, fo' sendintg money away. Ilanks arme imtpor'tunied to loan, anad h ave Iiiated hiudredls of' thousanids a igaist their will foret suc'h purpoIit~ts, to cu-toi mes that they coul nt rehise. Everyt dollar that coultd be dran into ourm tmecanutihe clan nelhs has been seat off to meet that extraordina-, ...,,tmand, and ware our Rankm not laboring under t! e pressure of suspension, their capital woili go in flood.; in that direction. I would abolish the usury laws, not to make money plenty, or scarce, but to protect the poor from the rich ; to put our capitalists on a footing with the banks; to render it unnecesary foir our banks or large capitalikt, to transinit their funds to other States where the eu-tomary rate of itiere.t rangcs above the limits of our legal rates. When tOe rate of interest is high all over our colintry, nur coieiavil emporimils will be quite as ItnIch in need of all of our moniey capital, as when interest is low. I would, thercfore, repeal the usttry htw is, give uoney cnpital a permIa nent adil profitable homne in Charleston ; that would tr'an.4er tmnieI ol oir capital. now in Wali street, New York, to hlocate itself inl our com (TeiLd empirium, to becemployed in purchasine the IcIL111tile p.per received by j.obbing ho-e..; trom the coutry trade. Il ab:iort, I woild re Jeal our usury' l.a, to make legitimate bnI-inc..S' for banking, that Chale.;ton 11111 ecilne thC Cerll)! Ic:ial ontlet and inlet for Southeri trale. and ts enaIbl) i.[s to disenthral .nurselves of :1 chi ildi.sh ttli~ de eene oni tImt ever-inIi atd.lloated aM ..peculative citv, New Yo.rk, wiere we go to purhast more twain half o o:ir .uilie, and where tij be;t inerchant's paper is often sold at froim 12 to 40 per cent. dietsint. Some months ag',. lonl. belbre the susp.n -ion, I WasIii cnerig, wi a nome gentlemen in Atit-i a. w eii onte ( os theml. a Presdent of a baik, said lie knew of Ile sale of a lirst rae (G;eorgia note ii New York at 3'0 per cent. (d.5issomt ; that the citle men who inade the :hte was as pOod and -ol-lent aI Customer aS the 'tate Of Geor:zia coul pro dI:e-so goA, thai if hI bank were lends in g Iioney, he would not. ask hui for :ni endorser In a oai of tell thou-and dollar-. This zalmle miani went. to New York and purebatisel eig't tho-ausnd dollars worth of g-ood's, gave 11s note at :" and 6; inontii-, which paper was . id at a (ui-Iticount of : per Cent. per anm. I rem ved the impressioni tr'oI the way the batik Pre.-ilent talkeoi abrot it, that his b:inik was the parchaser. Now, let mlt a,lk yon of what, avail are tir i.li: w haws ie t 1he. iot in Ile way of hr..n le-itimate b 1ankin-. a pocitive evi ani a I l-rz Ilnim the freedom (i rade? Who paid this . pe: cenii. ? Cau any body doult iat, it Came oILt of the conisinlier'. pocket ? I I doie semi to MO liui ce .,trainiiu- at t guaf! and1i1 swall-msing. a adt reine'to purnd mt a bank to lewd :er imtley att it 8 per Cent., or an inTiiviuilal capitali.t aIt 10. that a muereinutt, by ;so borroivmg, ni ay go to'ireign counitries, far bey-oid wIt.re his r.'1.dit woibl ro'eahl, to li'mreha,U his goodls on tile est ein, that ca-u woiih 1 p'tI'iire, wihile it ii pTerfct Iv lgitimate and fair, i:n the eyev o body, to folltw i to N.-w Wrk, whee ie cAN buy on credit, and' there puiirCha.ie hi isOte at ;(; pter cent. di:?eouiat. You kganhze cer'tain capiltlists to aas'oci:tte in cOrloraLi., to deual in n try, by whole-ite, while a poor fellow, who has to hile behindt the gt- is W deIthru~g the key-hole, andh made While the rich baiiking instititionis are allowved to take 10 mi.1 121 per cent. inter'st at their counters, and e.cape een.sure or piini-imi: a poor fllow, wiiu has, by hlv-l labor, .i-ll U.30, is novt :lhi-ed to takie 5.) or.:0 L yea' ihr ii., altholitt it InIAy b o'!!rNe. to hi1 bV at do IImen. whaeale and1 -w~iln- Il ~to pa uat maiea foir the ne of -50%) oaf ui r one T.er i h tw says he .,/ int receive IIi'ire I i.an *.,.5, ailtuusn:;hit mayil lbe a poort masn loaingt 'o the rich, aid this is t..e XVia- of IiCI Wi knt know how to evadle the law. .1 man ik no ot iaing IrI a ih't)ItItI. 1Te ierm s .re, ...., AM on a iet of 12 mi..t ihs2 . With intere.-t frui hite, or Sl11.0o0 cash. I lie n I-1g pri-e lhne i s or l . - sake of the ur'llt. it ! ali i..rbt in ue eve e t the luw. hut shiii. a neighoilr Si'p or wsVi. w it h 9.-!I 1,(11 i.. that he~ u.a ti i -ps !::.1 i t ni Iat. iler c thle h.i ' -t-s- in aenoisr .meeS jiudglent , aii:t it, a..-i 10l it-o' t t. hi loal, alhhou gh611 tile b-rr 12 h cainr. Vs t hie ls It~lld eCa1 biireiie Io t1e 'i I oliit '11 to .i d s it Sc t : it . 'le Acif itr.ai rfithr eh ainr?I, ty Tii r i- nt one 't ile t . lc il i Ce iiird t St wOijtii t't ins l., i i 0,' t-rthethast thvey ear', moreiil tan 10 perl cntj.: iiiii-renesl tb.i-:ein uea- evelnilath icredit. \i teh his .--me oface it btraj i t note:;l ht~i..e ritl iur .ttut books~ f .Thotual beL~L ~ eneniered ln:ptit eberet d a ue is ors- of it-.i us~tsii . hat ai is whor wo.s t hi' tak e wssn~ag . i,-:it ~liishe ain na:b h.ed t l f it set :oi~i s.t TIe ar 'i'opo-sii to. ca.iu or :age hat talhy arej .enyii in-l, i ie u olited, a~nv thoniuit wues iver nayii mst tslir tat y men t the ";ihs~st' iidaiu tl iteg JTui.:g .u'n Nw.-!nii Jansui r las Iii hi gtll' luhere ere--sh ani d gthe, itptsd iei..:. t mte ~reioudir at so pobter on. pirt,.nthree ry tii ijet an re icititer!. uelriitie.it t bt o: illsh.-tit sjinil te contrary, P :11 thithebte.r. bAy rellto ii l hrier ofks :.ri::hllh. N. Y hreeo e. ag h-t1,>-' Titl shueutiu wht he4 wihled ai-- heth:ri wiemeth ini tti~kh tipee Idil 1o g sik.tti oi aer , ais buge hbstie. andtat~is.s the tttSo de liseys areC uMking Sin a i2Cg ;hieji.It showns.l to the ''weli -'fc" is tit'g ielspaenit, leathe Iewe frigsni g~~ otd ek ide hins and id glesa , d n%'gesito tie t g on' ot set'i gtten! in prtand t fer . i iailof amite' a ater etrenseinnetihra mnd wnihuisoon ealathm tuis pay ageirnebth.N Y. Ah woseltod Marke of Spinew 1N Y .,i iusi-~~ wife, acuidet whe onvrsingr wth hos,' itotr pti t gio atir oeh wasteli iilyn bs tiece awake ne te fears of hishru w iS wosusptedha vat oied tohat heit hafado n n ofiiom ilife byd ehrwin hsislf ii ioa int the l.Tewel wak t arket The ifArinly ms-inhbtrs ind.usom'a Ssiougtdit for hnden tres oef him.uigs wriee quie hi'setly ind weat en. the unlm aers on hoitaad u ito oint orwual phil e, n itdon to thtitnel t'be as i: n otin -ad htiop pened.i re had been gton uit threea yths alear hois paio wilter, n hado iite Cantity ad Asrlia ftadhdtrndn ganwt I SOIIGiO SUGAR. About threp nmonths ago, the possibilitv of ob taiing er:stilliz-l sugar Iroma the Chinese cane wasi puiiiely denied by autimber of persons who haid made expernients with the juice, some 1c whon were ki.own as scientilie miitand praicticaL1 sugar reiner.s. Sich opinions natturally ledi astray those who had no means of i makingi ex i-rinents fCr themselves. It is a euriotus fwet, however, that at the very time when such opiions were beinAg proagzatd, the most eetive shot and shelf were being prepared for their demolition. We hail thoug1ht, fr.mina what we have alreadv publishl on this subh1ject, that but. littl' if* any tling useull col'uld bie adde'd to our stock of' know edge until expc-riieul s wero imade with the fu. I re crop of this year, but in this opinion we have ibind oursilves mistahen. We had re ceived some excellent samples of this sugar front various iarlties, but nao certain data. as to the quaittyt i1ad quality' of tIle SUL' to be0 obtinned 'rou the cane per acre: but ne have now re ceived very satisfactory iniorimation on this point. Mr. Josieph Lovering, of' Oakhil, Philadelphia county, Pa., a very scientilic and practical sugar refiner. has sent usa box contatnng as beautiful smapli's of loaf', white, grammihaed and brown Sor ho sugars ns any cane stgars wlLteVe'. He hal p'lantel half an acre of the seed oa his farn, and with the stalks of' this he male correct and scientifie experiients. Before proeeliing to re hie the jtice, he wisely ckaumined it with the polariscopte- to see ii it gave the iUsual indications of piossessng crv.ilalizahle sugar. This exani. nauou) afflorud the proof' thatt it. contained 5.57 lie)r ceit o'f sugar; and fron ihis data lie went iln, and made those experilent watli the juice which resadted in the samples of beauittid s igar lie has sent us. Mr. L. his also given a leikd aeCoiuit of' his elfarts inl at well written pallpildet, anld 11rom11 tht'e lie has arrive'd at the conclusions that an acre of this caiv, inl good season, will yield about 1 ,-tr; pound1s f sug' arand 7-1 gallons of mOilasses-4 result corresponding to that ob taine.d oi the Louisiana platiations wid the real sigar cane. The exriients of Mr. Lovering alr: 01' :t relii chairacter, bmanse t-y werI pe vrfrimed with care, a.- he Li i; it a mere them rist. bt wie a.:laciuiainted with tugar-relining io all its iranches. We appreheii.i, from the fats now spread out heiore the Coiulnuaity regarding this plant, that it will be extensively cultivated during the next sea'onu. A conveition ol' lirmers was held on the I I th inst., at Spriaglieid, M., to Consult on meastur-S as to its iuturi eiultivation. All pres eut Ixlpressel ieniselves gratilied with their ex. prnce v.iaih lie cane. ani re-solvel to give it mlOrle aiientionl ne..xt Season. One I..trmer presen:It statel that it., wved maitde flour equal to buch. wheat in every rYSpect, nnaid the yield wa., twenty Iive busliel to the aer. It was also atsserted thaa we had I plant .md to it, iin all things, b).:cause it couki fled us with bread made froni i:s lne;', os well as pro-,iL ts with our siripa... li eonniection with this part of the subject, iie.s AgrT'cltai.tl Societv, held at Washington i41 the I.),t iIst. viz., that, about two yearS ago he Ihad obtaained a large percentage o' erystalli Z.miabie sugar from the jdice of soume Sorgho sugar ne gro .vni aL the Umited States Arsenal, Massa Chn.,ects. It is surprising that We never heard of this bfow'kre, and that lDr. Itives, of Boston, .a.,. was uunactuaintel with it when he pub. fished hi.i views as to the' non-ert stallizable char aeter of' the So'rho juice. a iutr net tmaiber we will have sottme re .a:-!., t. nake ,n anmther sigar-prodtuing plant, the A.riean hmp.ea. re-ardiing which we have a iette; ruh I rom ihveraor li..:moud, of South Caro I:.:- - CA-S O I-'iOn-.-.\bott three 0'1l4;0 oi Oh ma.i ii the i 1.h instant. two V ..nair iui~I were' il'i~i ri m 1i 0 to EaSt Co i.ih, t.. ill a li'L sigh, to ..iin %. s attahea'd a e IA... mre. lie i'..i'e secomii fri ghtele)d r.'in, iL getting loose :oni the .ilia? . diterged "roa i lii iad. and broke into the hi> Se of -Mr. . .\'. Blake. ami ipasdt through three doars be. fore st.pinag. She jimanie.f uveri on.: be-.. in whicht cou.e tim: lightt stal. and ext in :ai-hig theii iaght, lie the burao~ike dlown a cmr ib in thle iother eurner~h. Mri. ii Iake dre~w laU .ife and onet hil-l frt'nn theiir be..l.tead, whlich fas ben dem)olishdil, arr'iedl tun-i intIo nut~ah.:r r'O.)iuland stru nck a light. It ws not until his reinra that thei cause of the accident wvats ascertanined. 6Gion T'.tsi: as 1)o css.-A youn; :mdy' in one o' the leading circles at Wash~inpma: una compjli mieintedh by a ?leiah-:: a on u me simple: ity and g.od tane iof her'i Liresm at iin ese i'nig p arty. She '..p1ied : -' I am gl.,' i iu l i y dre-a-; it cost j ,n't e.vet; doihars. atad I ma.!e er:-ry :,itch of' it m- . a maen vonouig ha-ie idL e lthu ~ eumeves i jOiilie laimnie iaialtiittdl'i :ahti elsaupatess of to-ar attare, inastead of' theu e'xpnsiIness tund lr.:i.in imporittioni we shadll ave e wer - brol.cia fahers anad husbatnds.'' Trr yoii T.I':.-Somel of the English joturals la yiag publ!ie aritiei..s L((acenig ttiuia of a de sign to a.-Sume) an': a.:.:re'.vu i . f alitd in Asiai, thae St. i.rbiar'r tj..se-. ina . .eries.. of ari'a eles u pail - ahe amis.,li n of tii a."ahldly atvaws .0iad ehiaai thai as il the a misio.. of ci gilin.ing Southa ciri .\..ia beclmng to Etaghnd, si.o the. miassion of civiliahag :. orth':ra Asia beL-mmwi' to Russia fate rasons)i assigned. It adbl thait atny attempt to, to inaterrupht iissia in the fuliihument of' that mis sion woul endl in the destrucetion, not of' Russia, but of' the power making the attempt, and that -Ruissia~ will finmre be vfait.;uine by England on~ this arromyd than ehe~ was ini thme histluropi'ntn yat." Preny plaiu speaking. The way the. i' t Uni f I erauh Napoileon taakes his atirig' is a. '.hnw 1 ay hV nie to see ; thugh all m~ay not rg ai it in the snmia wnyv. ile idm' in a ha-'e c),;i: cariage, drawn1'I by tour)) horses, condimi':"i lit Iw'o pos-tmiiins late nilrsehoi~ldk harimup at tla i n, thatm thea people mayv see' thtis re'ally finae Imooking~ baby. 'Two liv'er'cd .ser-" a ias e on'hibnk pr'ecdel thme carriage? aliunt. two hunidrei.d vuards anud aire f'llowtet ivb half' a dozenila hi't'rs, bearaing, oft coturse, thec sall mumi fomaa Ihag upin ech lanic als it to amtiuse the~ yon.:ster. Ilmmuedialtely' ina front ofnt time laig 'earriake horse is atnthier' tmnated servanit, and wo others arei senated ini the r'.ar. At the sidhe of the carriage rides a getleman in phanu chthieS, called il Elim.-hl an equerry', andi in thme rear is a detachmencit of lanicrS-perha~ps hten or I weve in nluamber-undeor the eba~rge of' an ofi er:; the whole catvatfeart~ amoving at a ratpidl pce. To oiie whoi hats hadm several bmoy., qutite as pr'omisinmg ats this prince, (enrtedt ait this atge bya sile ui.'5. thli C expemnve sihott sei:us 'seless, if' ntt ridieulous ; bat it is nolt so conl sidered by' the F~rencih peiople. A rotarv bmriek mtachai foar amaking bricks fom rudie'or unteoamer'd eiayi ha.' been invenmted lby a Mr. Wagmneri, of' Pennmsyvianiat. Its novelty emsists ini the facet that there are no mnoumlds, tile - temaie cotnsistinig simlply of twio notchued whaeels r volviing towvards each othler, eatch of these notch s r'epr:esentinag the shaft of' a half brick. Theo iventtort cli~ama that withl his m:tehine lie cant mauilfare one hunmdre~d thmousanid bricks per any atnd tha.t the briek lneed no dr'ing, buit ma~y betransfered itmmediately fromn tihe machirne -to the 1k1ine orbening.