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66We will cling to the Pillars of the'Temple rte adIItms - &9 "Wewil lii;toth Pilas 1 heTeupe'rties, and it it must fall, we will Perish amidst the Ruins." - 'F. DUJRISOE& SON, Proprietors. ED EF S. 0., JULY 16, 1856. "OL - +, PAY THE PiNTE. .As honest men, attend and hear - The serious fact-the times are dear; . Who owes a bill, 'tis just as clear - -As star-light in the winter, That he should come without delay That's if he can-that bill to pay, And ere he puts his purse away, "Fork over" to the Printer. The Printer's cheek is seldom red, The fine machinery of his head Is'working when you are in bed, Your true and faithful "Mentor ;" All day and night he wears his shoes, And brains to furnish you with news; But men of conscience ne'er refuse, To pay the toiling Printer. 'Tis known, or ought to be, by all His dues are -scattered, and they're small, And if not paid, lie's bound to fall In debt-for fuel, bread, rent, or Perhaps his paper; then to square Up with his help-a double caro Bows down his head-now, is it fair That you don't pay the Printer? - His wife and little prattlers too, Are now depending upon you; And if you pay the score that's due, Necessity can't stint her; But if you don't. as gnaws the mole, S'Twill thro' your conscience eat ai hole! And brand the for:head thus: " No soul Of him who cheats a printer. The eats will mew between your feet, The dogs will bite you on the street; - And every urchin that you meet, Will roar svith'voice*of Stentor, "Look to your pockets-there he goes The chap that wears the Printer's elothes: And proud, though everybody knows The grub, lie knaw'd the Printer!" Be simply just, and don't digrace Yourself, but beg the " Lord of grnce," To thaw that harden'd icy "case," That honesty may enter; This done, man will with man act fair, And all will have the " tin" to spare Then will the " Editorial Chair" Support a well-paid- Printer. MR. BROWS MISHlAPS, Mr. Eliphalet Brown was a bachelor ol thirty-five, or thereabout; one of those met who seem born to pass through dhe world alone. Save this peculiarity, there wa! nothing to ditinguish .r. Brown from tht multitude of other Browns who arc born grow up, and die in this world of ours. It chauced that Brown had occasion to visit a town some fifty miles distant, on niat ters of business. It was his firstvisit to the place, and he proposed stopping for a clay in order to give himself an opportunity tt look about. Walking leisurely through the street, h4 was all at once accosted by a child of five who ran to him, exclaiming: Father, I want you to buy me som candy." "Fatther !" Was it possible that he, bachelor, was addressed by that title?-Hl could not believe it! " Who were you speaking to, my dlearl he inquired of the little girl. ~"I spoke to you, father," said the littk one, surprised. " Really," thought Mr. Eliphalet Browt " this is etmbarrassing." "1 am not your father, my dear," he es sayedl. " What is your name ? - The child laughing heartily, evident!; thinking it a good joke. " What a funn father you are," said she, " but you are goi to buy me some candy I" " Yes, yes, I'll buy you a pound if yol won't call mte father any more," said Mr Brown, nervously. The-little guil clapped her hands with de light. The 'promise was all she remembered Mr. Brownt proceeded to a confectionar; store, and actually bought a pound of candy which he placd in the hands of the littl girl. - In c.oming out of the store, they encoun tered the child's mother. "(O mother," said the little girl, "jest sc how much candy father has bought me." "You shouldn't have bought her so muc at a time, Mr. Jones," said the lady, " I at afraid she will make herself sick. But hoa did you hiappen to get home so quick? 1 di not exp~ect you till inight." " Jones-I-madam," said the embeal rasssed Mr. Browvn, "it's all a mistake; ain't Jones at all. -It isn't my name. I as Eliphalet Brown, of W-, and this is ti first time I ever came to this city." "Good heavens! Mr. Jones, wh'at hz put this silly tale into your head ? Y ou ha' concluded to change your name, have you Perhaps it is also your intention to chang your wtife ?" Mrs. Jones' tone was defiant, and ith tended to increase Mr. Brown's etnbarras mnent. -But he must not leave matters this position. "1I haven't any wife, madam ; I never h any. On my word as a gentleman, I neve wvas married." " And do you intend to palm this tale c . upon me I" said Mrs. Jones, with excitemer "If you're not married, I'd like to kno wiho I am?" " I have no doubt you are a most respe table lady," said Mr. Brown, " arid I econje ture from wthat you have said, that yot name is Jones; hut mine is Brown, madat and always was." -" Melinda," said her mother, suddeni taking hle child by the.arm, and leading Ih ~up to Mr'.-Brown , " Melinda, who is th gentleinfln1" ."Whyt'hat.'sfrther1"'was the child's il ..d;a.j ynhan s Monfidingl placed h "You hear what that innocent child says, and yet you have the blushing impudence to deny that you are my husband! The voice of nature, speaking through the child, should overwhelm you. I'd like to know if you are not her father, why you vere buying candy for her! I would like to have .you answer that. But I presume you never sav her before in your life." " I never did. On my honor, I never did. I told her I would give her the candy if she wouldn't call me father any more." "You did, did you? Bribed your own child not to call you father! 0, Mr. Jones, this is infamous! Do you intend to desert me, sir, and leave me to the cold charities of the world? and is this your first step?" irs. Jones was so overcome that, without any warning, she fell back upon the sidewalk in a fainting fit. Instantly a number of persons ran to her assistance. Is your wife subject to fainting in this way I" asked the first comer of Brown. ,,I don't know. She isn't my wife. j don't know anything about her." " Why, it's alrs. Jones, ain't it?" " Yes, but I'm not Mr. Jones." " Sir," said the first speaker, sternly, " this is no time to jest. I trust you are not the cause of the excitement which must have occasioned your wife's fainting fit.- You had better call a coach and carry her home directly." Poor Brown was dumbfounded. t I wonder," thought. lie, " whether it's possible that I'm Mr. Jones without knowing it. Perhaps I am really Jones, and have gone cracy, in consequence of which I fancy that my name is Brown. And yet I don't think I'm Jones. In spite of all, I will in sist that my name is Brown." Well, sir, what are you waiting for? It is necessary that your wife should be removed at once. Will you order a carriage 9" - Brown saw that it was no use to protract the discussion by a denial. He, therefore, w ithout contesting the point, ordered a hack ney conch to the spot. . Mr Brown accordingly lent an arm to Mrs. Jones, who had somewhat recovered, and was about to close the door upon her. ," What, are you not go'ig yourself?" Why, no; why should I ?" "Your wife should not go alone; she has - hardly recovered?' Brown gave a despairing glance at the crowd around him, and deeming it useless to Ilmake opposition where so many seemed thoroughly convinced that he-was Mr. Jones, er iWtWnp in. - - _in, - ~~Wlfvr I aijWvli W - " I-1 don't know," said Mr. Brown. IWhere would you wish to be carried?" "Rome, of course," murmured Mrs. Jones. Where is that ?" asked the driver. I do not know," said Mr. Brown. " No. 10 H- strert," said the gentle. man. alreadv introduced, glancing contemp tuously at Brown. Will you help me out, Mr. Jones ?" said I the Ia lv, " I am not fully recovered from the faiting fit into which your cruelty drove me." A re you quite sure that I am Mr. Jones ?" asked Mr. Brc wi with anxiety. I " Of course," said Mrs. Jones. " Then," said he resignedly, " I suppose I am. But if you will believe me, I wits fim ly convinced this mornig that my nanie was Brown, aid to tell the truth, I haven't any recollection of this house." Browvn hellied Mrs. Jones into the parlor ; but, good heavens ! conceive the astonish ment of all, w~hezn a man w'as discovered seated in an arm chair, "ho was the very fac simile of Mr. Brown, in form, features, and every other respiect! " Gracious !" ejaculated the lady-" which -which is miy husband ?" An explanationl was given, the mystery cleared up, and Mr. Brown's pardon sought for the embarrassing mristake. It wvas freely accorded by Mr. Br own, who wvas quite de lighted to think that alter all he was not Mr. Jones, with a wife anid child to boot. Mr. Brown has not since visited the place where this " Comedy of Errors" happened. He is afraid of losing his identity. PRODUCTS OF SLAVP. LAnon.--The New York Hcrald says that the total value of the exports of cotton, tobacco, rice and naval stores, articles of salve labor, for the y.-ar ending June 30, 1854, amounted to $100, 40,077. At the same date of the ptesent year, they amount to about 8144,480,077, iving an increase in value of $30,000,000. C he lerald says thant the result of Southern labor for a single year, shows the value to te Union of that section of the country. nIn these results, the free States of the North, it is believed, participate to the full extent dof 20 pe-r cent., or t o the amount of 828, 890004. If to the $ 14,480,077 slave pro-* -ducts for 1850 wec add the exports of bread Istuffs, timrber staves, etc., from the same part aof the Union, and add the $31,000,000, worth of cotton consumed in the United State.4, with a large supply of sugar from the same region, which ini 1850 amounted eto $12,878,850, we shall have a grand total ?of alave products for a single year of not ;eless, probably, than $250,000,000. By the esus returns of 1850, it appears that there iwere in the Southern States 74.081 cotton plnttins 551 rice estates, 15,745 tobacco estates, and 837 hemp planters. There were 5,000,000 acres of land devoted to *dthe culture of cotton. A teacher had been explaining to his class ifthe points of the compass, and all were t.drawn up in front towards thre North. "Now what is before you, John I" " Tlhe North sir." " And what is behind you, Tommy I" " My coat tail, sir," said lie, trying at the same time to get a glimpse. BREAD AND STEA.-Ati elderly fat gen. teman, in discussing a wvarnm beef steak at ~ran inn, called to thne wvaiting boy, " Donald isbring me more bread, for I eat a great deal of bread to my steak." Donald answered, n~with much simplicity, ".y, and please eryour honor, arid ye eat a great deal of steak to your bread!" FACTORIES NEAIR EN. During our recent visit to Aiken we ha the pleasure of seeing the manufacturin village of Graniteville, a monument of th energy, judgmont, and practical enterpris; of Mr. Wi. Gregg. The visitor passes through piney wood and over sandy hills in reaching the villagi and while on the chalk ridge overlookin the valley of Big Horse Creek, an ente prising flourishing little population would b the last ubject his vision would expect t encounter. But the first glance at the val ley discovers the large reservoir spreadin out like a beautiful lake beneath. A littl farther down the valley the huge rough fea tured factory building, all of granite, pre sents itself. We had heard a great deal of this factory had read its last report, and of course ou expectations were highly raised. Notwith standing all this we were most agreeabl, surprised. Everything surpassed our expec tations. The cottages are all built after th Swiss style, tastily ornamented and painted The village is regularly laid out on the east ern slope of the hill. The population mus be between eight or nine hundred. As at evidence of the morals of the people, wi think it worthy.of mention that there an three churches. One of them, the Baptist we saw; and if the others equal it in neat ness and respectability of appearance, thej are most creditable to the citizens of Granite ville. Its style of architecture is Gothic On the canal is a little house with a floatin; platform, on which the imposing ceremonj of baptism by immersion is performed. Noa were we less struck with the academy. Il really seems magical that this people, but z short time since the most poverty-stricken ir the State, having had no opportunities oi education, totally ignorant of wl 't wa! passing around them, should, in the space o a few years, been so elevated, morally ant socially. Certainly the people of this State ave been pursuing a suicidal policy in dis. ouraging all efforts for introducing facto. ries. There is in this State as impoverished, ind as ignorant a white population as can be found in any other in the Union. The Ganiteville factory is the first missionary in he vork of ameliorating their condition ; *e inpe its example may be followed by others, mil this entire class be provided with the ieans of employment. -We have the water ower, the raw material, and the labor to nako us as independent and powerful in ninufactures as in agriculture. Everything about the factory is neatly in each side are- well trimmed hudges of ce lar, or box-plant. The operatives all appear to be happy mnd centented. *Some of them had time vhile attending their looms to even read. e ventured to overlook the shoulder of a ittle girl who' was keeping all of her spools oing and reading at the same time. She ad- before her questions on Watts hymuns nd was probably preparing her sabbath chool lesson. The noise of the machinery was distract ng. A person can scarcely hear himself alking. One knows not the progress of >ur age until he has seen one of these -fac. ories in operation. To see ten thousand heels in* busy operation all obedient to ono great motive power whose immediate 'onnection you are riot able to perceive, is n -iraculous. It really looks as thnough "the pirit of the living creature was in the vheels." Tihis has truly been characterized s the age of machinery. Thme number of persons employed in the actory is about three hundred. We made nquiries of several of them and ui ithout any sception received polite and respectful an rwers. Some of them it is said even own stock in the establishment. Weo were told hat the stockholders contemplate building another factory of the same size. T1his aing proved so profitable. The stock is held by merchants of Charleston principal ly. This is said to be the case in Massa ehustts, the most flourishing manufacturing State in the Union. The State subscribec liberally to railroad enterprises, and a large and prosperous trade thus concentrated in Boston. The merchants of that city accu mulated capital, which w"as invested in fac tories throughout thme State. A large mann. racturng population sprung up. This again reated a demand for agricultural produce, So that the lands of Vermont, a non-manu. Facturing State, though naturally richer, are not half so valuable as those of Massachu. metts. About four miles above Graniteville is thme Vaucluse factory owned by Gen. Jones. This is not nowv in operation. As the Gen. eral has not been able to procure a fit super. intendant. His appointment as superinten dant of the Newv State House requiring hi! presence in Columbia. There is also a paper mill near Aiken we do not know whether it is doing much There are also two potteries and it is aston ishing bow cheap earthen jars and jugs sel there.-Winnsboro Register. DUrrCr.-The other day two Dutchmer were overboard discussing a knotty ques tion. Said Hans: "Yacob, vat de Yankees mean, whlen he say about der mnommemter, and de zeerow i " Vat," said Jacob, "you not verstan dat? " No, vat lie mean I" "Vy," said Jacob, "it mean twent; hithes below can't get no colder !" "Yaw." " BLESs my soul, Sambo, how black yoe are; how in the name of wvonder did ye1 get so mournful I" said a gentleman stoppini at one of our hotels to one of its waiterE as he met him on the straits. Sambso grinned. " Why, look a-here, massa, de reason ar dis-de day dis child was born, dere wa an eclipse.". Ebony received a quarter for his satisfac tory explanation, and after grinning thanki continued: " I tell you what it is, massa, dis nigge ma hb en an ha -int grenn. nn how. d Fro4 u Times. THE I1ESTION. e We cannot re making a remark -though wit dsign to sustain it by argument-that titution of South s Carolina- in our 'sms to be specially adapted to wha d appear to be her own peculiar polii., When Mr C was taunted in the e immortal deba( 833-perhaps by hIs D great adversa .. Webster-with the .smallnessof th e he represented, he replied: "We: een sneeringly told B that she is a te; that her popula tion does not m. ced half a million of souls; and that . an one half are not of the Europea .The facts are so. I , know she neve, a great State; and r that the only di on'to which she can . aspire must be -the moral and in. tellectual ac.qaui t:'of her sons. To the developernent.o .,much of her atten. t tion has been ~ ." t Small as'she . o has her weight not i onily'in the con cy, but in each individ- t t ual State which- oses it. And it is not I that her own c. a are wiser or better ? than those of h 're populous sisters, but in a great degre ase she has maintained 1 a policy, which1 'e have heretofore ob served; has kept aloof from the dis. tractions -of fe' politics, and by this t means concent the undivided love and j genius of her so pon her own domestic r af0airs ; thus pe rg every branch of her s government, an eloping a system of laws E that has won th 'fidence of her own citi. i zens and the a tion of her neighbors, M while at the s -time they elevated the tone of her p'eo Nothing ' s re condceed to this than the conservatis 'which springs from her c own peculiar o nization; which it is one t of the proposed mis of the contemplated e change in our m de of electing the electors i to subvert. W.' gret that an attack has t been' made upon e constitution in this indi- n rect way. An pen and manly assault r Ivould certainlj .more to (he taste of those t who are not obl ed to fortify their argu t ment by an ap 'to prejudice instead of to e reason. If thei emo by which power is distributed in o' nstitution is to be at. E tacked, let it be in a manner which c shall bring the before the people upon s its own merits: 4bove all, let it not be r done in such* 4S shall make us false r to those who 'own fellow citizens, 0 for the sake. - i ivhich can only ti S- e ines. The peculiit" feutture -of our 'own State b organization' is, that representation in the t legislature js distributed upon a basis of pop ulation, taxation, and election districts. Up; s on the excellence.of this system, we have % no argument to offeri ; our concern is only v with the objection which makes the organi- P zation of the legislature itself an argument tl against the appointment of the electors being t made by it. We assert, then, that it is the interest of f every citizen of South Carolina to sustain t the present- constitution of the legislature,a not as a compromise between the Upper and Lower Divisions, but as in the main the most v effectual preservative of the rights of the ti people, that could possibly be devised. Let a citizen of the State remove into any 0 portion of her territory he chooses, lie may e now' feel secure that no combinations be- a tween other sections can avail to oppress n him. If he goes into the lower country, he tl may be confident that no unequal burden , will be laid upon him there, through its sta- Il plo productions (rice, for instance)-because e that section has the preponderance in the Senatei or, if lhe goes into the upper coun try, he may 'feel the same security there, be- o cause that section has the preponderance in a the House-of Repreientatives. In any dis- n trict of either section, he0 is safe against the bi imposition of unegual burdens upon it by a the representatives of more populous dis-v tricts ; because his district has, under the ti constitution, an influence in the Senate equal r to that of any other district. r Trho provision that each election district, e without referenee to its size or population, r .shall have but one Senator, is a most espe. I cial frienfi to the rights of the people; in a that it protects themore thinly settled agri- t1 cultural districts against the greater popula- s tion of the commercial districts. If popu- a lation alone Ehould become the basis of rep- ti resentation, it is possible thaut a single popu lous city may at some future time control o the wvhole State. Even with population and fi taxation combined-yet were such a combi- h nation made- the basis of representation in v the Senate, as wvell.as in the House of Rep- r rosen tatives- Charleston, with her present 1, representation of eighteen members, or near- i ly one-sixth of. the whole House, and her additional quota of members in the Senate, v, ,might, with very little address, always prevail e .to carry her measures, particularly measurest .in which other cities throughout the State i might feel .a community of interest *ith her. f But while the present constitution remains, i recognising an equal representation of each t ielection district.in the Senate, combinations, e .however skillful, among several districts- a though they may succeed by a vote of the Smajority in the Hlduse-must always fail tot 'carry their point in the Senate.1 'But the feature, of this constitution which is ' most held 'y 'to public reprobation, Sand through which the whole scheme of the compromise is attacked, is that which re cognizes taxable proper-ty as an element of representation. It is exhibited to the indi I vidual citizen, as if the property of the rich ' was made a imeans of augmenting their in E flhence in the gbvetninent, to the extent of I, their taxes. It is kept carefully out of view that no man has more than one vote ; and that the taxable property within each dis 1 trict, being made to serve but the one pur s pose of increasing the representation of that . We refer those who would see the philosophy of it enlarg'ed upon, to) the concilusioni of Mr. Calhoun's 1 "Discourse on the Constitution of the United states ; - and to aiedmirable asech of Mr. Tobin, at the r last session of.theegilature, reported in the Leg luatlve.TimneU.2d selliion 1855,.p..129. iistrict, every voter within its territory, whether poor or rich, receives an.equal ben. -fit from the taxation of all. And thus the poorest man in a district shares equally with he richest in the influence which the taxa. )le property of the latter commands through. aut the State. It is, therefore not an objectionable, but, n the contrary, a judicious provision of our ,onstitution, that taxation should have its !qual weight with population. Our wise orefathers remembered that the great strug. le with the mother country originated from he fact that the people who were taxed, vere taxed without being represented in the rnrliament which imposed the burden. .It iccurred to them that the two sole objecis if legislation were persons and property; Lnd that both of them should be legally pre ent in the body which made the laws in egard to them. And it was, in the judgment of the fra ners of our constitution, necessary that hese two elements should be acknowledged n their system, in equal degree: that taxa. ion should not predominate to the oppres ion of persons, and that population should iot on the other hand prevail to such excess s to tyrannize over the rights of property. lad taxation alone been the basis of rep. esentation, their government would no Ion. er have been a republic; or, had popula ion alone been the basis, the few rich would ave been liable to become the prey of the iany poorer. As it was, and is, the aim nd interest of every citizen to acquire prop. rty, the State thad6 a careful provision that should be guarded by this compromise: nd, as it was impossible that every individ al should possess it in equal degree, or that ach district should possess it in equal pro. ortion to its population, she proportioned ie half the representation in the largest of ie two Houses, to taxation, that the week iight have an equal power with the strong. Tow, if her scheme bad made persons alone le object of representation, life and liberty tight have always been secure, because eve y man enjoys them to the same extent ; and iere could be no general law made to con -ol one man's life and liberty, which would ot to some measure, and no more, regulate iose of every other man throughout the tate. But such would not have been the ase in respect to property. It is not pos issed by all equally, and a general law in 4lation to it would-though it might ope. ite beneficially for some-prove a source f tyranny to others. But, by our constitu on, the rights of all, in their persons and ,tough the district represenft(ions, ivnicl lend the two elements of population and ixation to that especial purpose. Moreover, had property alone been repre nted tie legislative power of the State rould have remained in a narrpw belt of ,ealthy districts along the sea coast. Had ersons been the only element acknowledved, iat power would now have been confined > as narrow a belt of populous districts long the mountains.* So that the wise resight of our fathers, in admitting the .o elements in their compromise, has proved nd will continue to prove, a blessing to the rent middle country, which now may cope -ith both sections, and will in due time hold te balance of power between them. Taxation, moreover, pays all the expenses f the government; all the compensation to ach citizen for his services to the people ; l the appropriations of the public to inter al improvements, and every other item at ie State's expenditure. Howv recklessly -ould the legislature put their hands into re common purse, if they were not by this ampromise made responsible to the tax ayers! T[his regulation enters ,into every feature four State gov'ernmenlt, and into every reasure of our legislation; and yet abridges o man's personal rights, while it protects is rights hoth of person and property. The id' property qualification of the voters, 'hich was once thought necessary to pro. 'ct property, has nowv been removed to the spresentation of the district; arnd while eve. y citizen has nowv a right to vote, the two ements of taxation and population are rep. isented in every vote he gives for his legis itors. And wvhich, moreover, no amount f property can enable the rich to oppress 1e poor, since each has but a single v'ote ; now no man's misfortunes can make him apoor, that lhe has not an equal voice in ie State with any other man. These two elements, then, which in every ther State in the Union are always in con ict, are in our noble constitution made to armonize. And thus the poor man in the Elthy districts, is protected in his personal ghts, when they come in collision with the terests of property ; and the man of wealth the populous districts is protected in his ersonal rights, when they come in collision ith the interests of property ; and the man f wealth in the populous districts is protec rd in his rights of property against the ag ressions of population. Every man, there.. are, is interested in this wise adjustment; ecause in its two features, it not only pro. cts his life and his liberty, but the property e may acquire, and that of his children fter him. Mr. Calhoun, in bis great Discourse on he Constitution and government of the Jnited States, has held up the present con titution of South Carolina as a model; be. ause it was based, by means of these three lements (population, taxation and election listricts) more perfectly than any other, up. n a principle which developed every exer ise of her powver, not upon a representation fa bare majority of population alone, but pon one of the concurrent majorities of all er various sectional interests also. What a nasterly conception is that of this great tatesman, of making the concurrent major. ties of the various interests of the people he basis of representation in a free republic ! lad he never been known to the worl by my thing else than this, It alone would have >een sufficient to give him a place among -- *See some eloquent and statesmanlike views of Mfr. Moregne of Edgefield to this effect, in an admi rubl .aes to his eonstituenta the great thinkers of every age, as a master in the science of government. It is the key word to all the unnumbered mysteries of checks and balances which have hitherto clogged the proper development of this great science. It has been the fashion to assail the com. promise between the upper and lower divi. 4 sions as a mere arbitrary arrangement, not founded upon any principles of abstract jus tice. But we would ask, can there be any mere abstraction acknowledged in the con- i stituency of any, the freest government on I earth I Even in the narrow sense of these I objectors, where is -the abstract justice by I which sixty thousand voters in South Caro- t lina govern a population of more than six hundred thousand, if population should be the only element represented I Where is the c p'rinciple which would make it more just that a freeman should have his slaves-which are I his, and not the State's-represented as pop ulation-which. they are not, strictly, in a I free republic-rather than as property, which d they are I Is it not itself a contradiction of abstract justice that slaves, which have no - persodhl rights except by mere convention, should be known in the body politie as per. e sons, rather than as taxable chattles, which f they are I There might be some logic in a a government of freemen, in excluding slaves 0 from the constituency of law making power; a but every conceivable abstraction demandc, if they are known in the State at all, that they should be known only -as property. But who but a fanatic would assert that this great interest, now exceeding in point -of numbers our whole white population, should 9 not have more than the guarantees of pro- , tection of ordinary chattles afforded to itt t In respect of the element of election-dis- h tricts in the basis of representation, what interest can the middle districts have in cut ting down the senatorial protection now possessed by the lower country, and thus throwing the whole State-themselves inclu. a ed-under the domination of the mountain istricts ? Would it not be prudent in the 0 redium sized, or smaller districts in every d part of the State, not to lend too willing ears .o the clamor of the larger districts;that ab itract justice has been violated in allowing .he parishes an equal representation with u themselves, lest they should find, in turn' t 6hen it is too late to repair the error, that I nder the same clamor, they will. be des poiled of their own territorial protection, by p eing abridged in their own senatorial rep esentation? We will conclude a number already too .orthern and Southern sections of:.this nion-giving, for the sake of peace, a pre- a 3ominance in the Senate to the one, and a 0 redominance in the House of Representa- f ves to the other-we cannot -see what in ustice would be done to either; while the a ane of the times, Northern sectional aggres ion might possibly be curbed. ' We will npt, therefore, admit -that the h tate-the common mother of us all-has r icessarily done any injustice to either of 11 he sections of her territory, when she com- si >romised their donflicting claims, and secured C :hem against each other for all future time, h )y making precisely that arrangement, viz., sl living the lower country a majority in the Senate, and the upper country a majority in the House of Representatives. And though , meither section may have been perfectly sat sfied with the details of the adjustment be ore it wtas made-(an~d it may not, in everyt espect, be satisfactory to our own minds) e fter it was solemnly agreed upon, neither ~ arty may, with honor, eiideavor to annul it t y stealthy indirection, but, if it must be re 0 ealed, is bound to attempt it,' in the same pen manner in which it was enacted. t UPPER CoU:mY. c Mionday Morning, May 26, 1856. tThe reader will perceive that the author, in iis observations in the text, ls considering the sbjct of slave representation from two diffr mt points of view :-In the State, by whose laws, '. lone. slaves are made slases, or property,) he is i tombating the notion that-under any mere ab- e strction, they should be regarded as any thing elsea han property, or allowed to be represented as p'er ons. On the other hand, in the federal gosern- y, nent, he insists that the States holding this v-alua- ti ie property, had a riaht to stipulate, with a view to o t securitv, fo~r its futi representaitionl as population; b id were bound, in self defenee, to contend, as they lid (but with only partial success,) for it. What ight had; or, has, the federal government to regard i ie population or property, within the body, of a ft itate, and subject to its municipal control and junis- fi ietion, otherwise than as the State, herself-looking i a her internal polity and external relations-viewsb hem? See Luther Martin's "GOenuine Informa-b ion.," ,. bi A VISIT TO SANTA ANNA. ' ul A correspondent of the New Orleans ti Delta in Newy Grenada, thus notices a visit id by him to the ex-Dictator of Mexico. " A two hours' charming ride led us to 'urbaco, where our friends,, who wvero to ei part from us, had ordered a sumptuous fare. vell breakfast. This village, situated at a listance of about four leagues from Cartha gena, is the present residenice of Gen. Santa nna, the ex-Dietator of Mexico. " After having done full justice to the de icious viands spread before us by our friends, wvith an ardor and gusto which our morning jaunt sufficiently explains, a dozen of us lighted our segars, and set out to visit the an, who, at one time, exercised so consid erable an influence over the affairs of Mexi no. His house is a large, strong, stone t building, in the old Spanish style of archi-a lecturo, with a colonnade, a large court, and garden. Its appearance is very beauti ful, and forms a striking contrast with thee humble cottages inhabited by the wretchedt population among whom Santa Anna resides. "AWe were introduced in a large parlor, running through the whole front of the house, whilkt the General was being appris ed of onr art ival. The walls of this apart. ment are papered in~ elegant French style, and decorated with some fine engravings. The parlor has two-doors fronting on the street, and .two others leading to- a yard smiling with 'verdure. Around the room may be seen two or three sofas,' a dozen oef -n .a.ogany airs. with side tand 1oani:' Des; in the middle is a marbloceuIink s, with exquisitely-wrought floejifhisis; The mnsemble of-this furniturd hat - eifit >f calm simplicity, and br*ithis emT >f tropical comforts which srikes and plea-1 tes at the same time, "The ex.Dictator appeared almost irpt-q. liately. I had known him ten.years-ago:at Elavannah, and -expected'to ee himpof :ourse, much altered ; but-if liests de :idedly to his advantage. He' Hai all tbh ippearance of a man in his prsie, 'andis thout five feet ten or elven inches high. is body Etraight, robust, d. rathear. cr iulently inclined. His eyes .borrosv from heir shaggy brows an aspect of- concavi vhich causes them to-change color WIthe arying hues of light. His 'complexidiN, f an olive brown; his face is qhord.of rhiskers and moustaches, and is indented y no corrugation, except, perhaps, soma light wrinkles near the -angle of his eye., lis hair is a beautiful iron -gray, but :1 mr erstand that he is in the-habit of-dybingit.-, " He entered the parlor slowly, walling' ith some embarrassment, and slightly in )g, resting upon a cane... His dress -*as xtremely simple, being. that ofa Soutemf irmer, viz: broad linen pantalo6ns and an mple white sackcoat. The only attractive bject which he wore was a magtificent dii iond breastpin." MASSAClUSETTS AND ARIA The Bay State, (says the Cirolina Tims,) rhich makes such loud boists of Plymouth ,ock, Lexington -and Bunker Hill, is mnui. iven, of late fears, to the adoption of emp. F resolutions and flatulent protestations on ie subject of slavery. Statesmanship vith er consists in fulsome self-laudatlions, pro. agation of the doctrines of the. "bjgher Lw," and denunciation of all those.vhordp ot receive those doctrines -and practice lem. Sumner, Wilson, Burlingame, . Par. er, and their nigger-worshipping confreres, re the proper representatives - of her patri t ism and cent per cent. philanthropy. Un. oubtedly Massachusetts has a perfect right make herself ridiculous and c'ontemptible - i the eyes of the whole world, if. she ch'oo ?s. She has an equally,-'perfect right to Lter as many-and as loud "shrieks for.free. om ;" to adopt as many traitorous resolu ons; to fulminate as many flatulent anathe. as against slaveiy and ths South, as may. lease her taste - and suit .he- fancy. .Bt hether she - has a right to.. ding-do'ngjier shrieks". in the ears of others'; to transmnit er insulting. resolutions to her confederates i the Union; to flash her brutum fulaten jetibir-Wer bink shehashod.'8' "d'whenever.s t&.0p0tst4 upahd rcise it, she.should be.treid w hith, the p tund contempt. .her traitorpus cndu .t s.o eli deserves. So-.-thoughtGov. Adams, d ie properly refused last -year to -b-tie tedium of communication ' beeene-8quth arolina and the State whic -bas placed erself beyond the pale of courtesy .ad eiprocity. The example.of Gov. Adams-of treating ie lawless State of Massachusetts with the lent contempt, which her. treason - todhe onstitution and her infamy so justly merit,, as been recently followed by Gov. Win on, of Alabama, and we trust'thatiGe :xecutives of all tb Soufhern. States %iil ursue a like course towards her. Her Leg lature recently passed certain, resolutions specting matters in Kansas, and, aa is the ivariable custom, directed the Governor-to -ansmit them to tho Legislatures of the ther States through their Executives.'Gov. inston of Alabama, very properly refugs i lay the resolutions before the Legiglature f his State, and has returned- them tso ihe lthy source whence they emanated,-with' te following truthful and scathing notd ac mpanying them: --- ExECUvrva Dxmrr.- .,i .Montgomery, Ala, June 19; 1856-5 Sir :-Believing the resolves yo~u have t(dr 'arded to this .Department, -in; relatio to ie Territory of Kansas, to.. be in e ~fit 'ith the truth of history, unconstitutional, ad treasonable in design, I return thenmto - ou, with a request that the future fresolo onus of the Legislature of Massahsetls a Federal affairs and the subject ofs1 o no more forwarded to. this Departr t. The obligations of the Constiution3uai te laws of the United States passed in con. rinity thereto, being disregarded and mdi-i ~d by Massachusetts, we desire no Ibrther tercourse with your State;~add wlsktO afree, in future, from insult -'from iS fe hose citizens do not recognize .aeount lity for insult and libelous .imputtalIs mon the character of- Southern States and te citizens thereof. . -. - - -:.. Your obedient servant,--* - JOH N A. Wi-NSTON His Excellency Henry J. Gardnri 'Goi. 'nor of Massachusetts. - .V A Western poet' gets off the foh1o ipg explosion :" - -'~-' - The engine groaned, -- The wheels did'crea~c -,".' The steam did whistle - - And the boilers did lea.' The boiler was examined.. They found it rusted, ~ When all on a sudden The old thing basted. - R ESIsTANCE TO RIDICUEnIear fretn te earliest days to inors yo:ur j" n ~ainst the peril of ridie, o Ij ore exercise your reason; if ypvJ anstant dread of laughter, tboiyoAs ajoy your life if you are in-.the---aSimt orror of death. 'if youti hink . ik iffer from the times,.'id o f morals, do it,. howevi:diti!h* o it, not for. ilyeleb~ I randly-asimatd who wrpre wn in his besom and didnqw ras breathed 'info ibi0 .. I, tshion.- iydney S $; 0:r "My r&!j/ , Al wat venteiiN 'tiWrAsm