Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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d& . ~L~c rnic3 nx4,~ic~ ly %ni1 i~~ ut~yrn aisf P dti Himt 1u IhhwYVLf i~uu "We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Liberties, and if it must fall, Sve will Perih amidst the Ruins." V. F. DURISOE & SON, Proprietors. EDGEFIELD, S. Q., MARCH 5, 1856. VIEWS OF W. C. MORAGNE, ESQ., O'N THE ELECTORAL QUESTION. Continued from last week. tO TIIE PEOPLE OF EDGEFIELD DISTRIC1 But while, under the press of argumen it is admitted, that the representation of ti House involves no unfairness or injustic great prejudice is sought to be create against the organization of the SENATI 0I which allows a Senator to each of the sma election Districts. Many seem to mistal entirely the true nature and province of ti Senate. This body is designed not so muc for actual, positive legislation, as to furnis a power in the Government to check an to conserve: to restrain the fiery impulse of the members of the Lower -lonuse, a to perpetuate the blessings of salutary law and wise institutions. True, on most ina ters, the Senate has the initiatire, that i the power to introduce nearly all legislativ measures; yet this,, I imagine, was given I it, more to increase its dignity and impor ance, than for any direct practiqal gooc Its highest duties lie in the preservation < that which is wise and, useful in our law and institutions, and in perfecting the Legia lation of the State. And this is a broa and noble field of labor. It has been said relative to the physical world, that it re quires the same Alnighty [land to conserve it took to create. The remark may no inaptly be applied to human laws an4 inst tutions. In these, as in those, a genuin conservative power is deianded, whie must depend, f ur its proper exercise, on wis deliberation-, sound experience, liberal anl honest intention, and the earnest prompi ings of interest and necessity. Hence, wit the framers of government, the organizatk> of a Senate chamber, has ever been an ob ject of great moment and diiculiv. I their practical task, a leading principle witl all these wise men has been-t) form thi body upon some minority interest in th State, not sufficiently powerful to a:ke a, 0 gressions on the rights of the community I large, yet strong enough to impart stabilit to te Government under the exercise o' genuine spirit of conversation. And wher in the natural order of things, this minorit interest has not presented itself. these sag< practical men Iwive found it necessary t create an arli/icial interest on which t base this body. In all the free States o antiquity and of modern Europe. theSenat has been foried upon artificial classe4, con stitutilig a minority interest in the govern ment. It was thus in ancient Carthage said by a great philosopher' to have hac the best constitution of all Ihe- ancien States, which flourished, as a powerfuil Re public, through a peiiod of 200 years, til detroyed by the Romais--" whose tranquil ity was never disturbed either by donesti sedition, or the tyranny of its government. So it was with the Athenian Senate which was composed from certain classes distinguished from the general population and exercising extensive and extraordina.' 0t powers. This body had the right, for exam ple, of deliberating upon and pieparing al public measures before they came to be nas sed upon by the people in" their puhlicAs semublies. And as a still strotger safeguar to the lawtes and institutions of the State, th A theian wise men formed the famious Cour of Arcopiigus, consisting of snch onily as ha, held the chief office of Archon, and exercis ing special gardiatnship over th laws, th public TIreasury, and the public expendi tures. So d'strustful were this free anid iii tellegent people of their owvn powe s in th administration of government, they willingl suffered themselves to be restrained in thel legislative functions by -these wise politict bodies, though, in the component parts, the were far from having an egual representa tion. They went further: They impose restrictions upon their own immediate actior They enacted, that to make a measure bind~ ing as a law, it should have the sanction < at least (6,000 votes in their Assemnbliel They ordained, also, that lie wvho prps any measure ag7ainst the established law< the State, wlas liable to severe punishment and if even the law passed, the propost might still, at any time afterwards, lhe ai raigned before a court and punished, if th court thought the law prejudicial to the pul lic. These, they designied as checks upo the ambition of their ypular leaders, amun wvhom were many rash, political agitator and unscrup~ulous demagogues; men wh< like some in our owvn day, can see nothin ,valuable in existing things, and moako a greL show of zeal for the public good, while pr< .motinn their ownm selfish ends, by constam ,efforts to introduce wild and frivolous p< litical changes. Yet all these checks dIi .not rescue the Athenian people frontrni by a rash exercise of freedom in their p~u lic Assemblies.f And it is wvorthy of r< mark that this Republic, after having enjoy .e.4 its freedom for 600 years, degenerate into an odious Oligarchy, not till the powe of the Senate became so weak and ill-defit ,ed as to lose its conservafive influence, an -the power of the populur A ssemblies so gree as to make their unbridled will the law the land ; clearly demonstrating, that, in a free governments, there must exist a eoir ~trolling, conservative power to check th natural extravagance of legislative actiot and to preserve the rights of the peopl against the foolish innovations of noisy, um reflecting political agitators. The Senate of Sparta hadh 28 member elected for life freon among the principi class of citizens, over 60 years of age, an Dxercised the high conservative power < preparing and digesting all laws and ord unancs for the assemblies of the peopi From a wvant of proper accountability f its administration, this body grew too ind pendent of the people, and frequengly exe cised undue power and influence. TI Ephori subsequently placed a check upon legislative will, but they, in turn, became tr *Aristotle-l'olitic' Boiok mr.--and De Rus~ce. Li im. Cap. 2. tCicero.. powerful, and greatly weakened tie Senate. The result was, that after abrilliant career! of more than 800 years, the Republic sank into ruin by a disrtceful struggle for su periority between the Ephori and the Senate. While, therefore, the Senate was originally built upon the minority interest, and thus exercised a highly conservative influence, it was deficient in the other main feature of: a Senate chamber, viz: in a proper limita tion of its powers. At Rome the Senate was at first consti-! tuted only from the higher class of citizens, Schiefly from the Patricians, who' were do e scendants of Senators appointed by Romu e lus. It had unwise and extravagant powers; e and being bound by no law, but its own h caprice and wantonness, it frequently per petrated great cruelty and injustice in the d exercise of its power over the lives of Roman. s citizens. Yet for 400 years, while the old d laws of Rome were preserved, Roman liber. s tv was rendered famous through the then known world ; the Republic was every where prosperous and powerful; and it fell into e decline when the Tribunes of the people 0 broke away the old land-marks of the Sen ate, and, by enlarging the number of in. terests represented theroin, destroyed the conservative influence of this body in its political and legislative powers. A miser able scramble for supremacy ensued be tween the Tribunes and the Senate, which finally caused the Republic to fall a prey to the rapacity of ambitious, military chief tains. t In the Republic of Venice, noted in the history of the middle ages for its high pros . perity and freedom, the Senate was com posed of uiembers firom the nobility-a mi ioritv interest in the State-and, though ex ercising the power of previously preparing E all laws to he propounded afterwards to the i I people, it made no lasting encroachments on I popular rights, but, by preserving, in its puri- I ity, the constitution of the Republic, secured i i to the people a state of freedom for cen- t turies, under a government they loved and c s which they sought to uphold. f a The House of Lords is the Senate-cham. ber of England, and is likewise formed from I t a particular class of citizens, constituting a I r minorily interest in the nation. Though, I when co-operating with the crown, the power of this body has often been too great for a full development of popular freedom, s yet so nice is the balance of power be- c tween the various departments of the gov. I ernmnent, that no one can encroach upon the [ r rights and privileges of the other; and while a strong conservative inlinence is imparted c - by the House of Lords to the-practical ad ministration of the Government, which is I Likelv to transnit to remiote ages the great V blessings of the English Constitution,-there c has been a progressive, vital developnent of l popular liberty, of politient as well as of 1 pi h* ysical science, of tie arts of industry, and t - of all the elenients of true national great ness. C American Legislators, in establishing our Senate-chiambers, were forced, in the ab- I sence of particular castes or distinctions a among the people, to adopt some substitute f in order to form a body, the members of ( which should lie intelligent, experienced and a conservative in their principles, while, to a t - reasonable degree, they should be exempt - from the ordinary influenices of popular pas. c sion and excitement. With us, as with all t other free States, the Senate-chambers are I t constituted on a basis diff'erenit from that of< Ithe popular branch of our Legislatures. The t - ,lormter represent territory, or the States in I Stheir corporate capacity ; the latter property 4 - and population. Anmd territory is represen -;ted wihout regard to equality as to size, or Sas to the elenments which enter into the Rep-r V resentation of the Lower Uouse. TIhus in! r the U~nited States Senate, Newv,York, which, a in point of'territory, is nearly t wice as large,a Vand in populationt, nearly five times largeri -than South Carolina, and more than thirty c ,times larger thani Rhode Island, has no K reater representation than these smalli - States. Should a Newv York Senator from his seat in Congress complain of the gross I Linequality of Senatorial representation be-c tween his own State and those named would lie not be charged with an utter ig-. norance of the true nature of free govern- I r menit, and of a proper organization of a Senate-chamber ?Our fathers in their eflortsr e to form a Senate, worthy of a fiee Repub- t lie, like wise men acquainted wvith theiri business, looked for those elements only, which enter properhy into the organization s of such i body. They sought for a bamsis< Sby whichi they might secure wisdom, experi ence, calm deliberation and a sound, ration-r t a conservatism. Th'le existence of small States ini the confederacy accidlentally fur t nished them with this basis, and they wiselyj' took advantage of it. With sage forecast, Lthey saw, that the smaller States, by having under the Constitution, rights and influence in the Government above whlat they would have haid upon a comparative estimate of1 thmeir- size anid numbers, wvould stea dlastly Icling to that iEgis of protection, lest, in any rnewv adjustment of powver among the mom - hers of tho confederacy, a controlling ma jority-, led on by the impulhe of faction or of tsectional feeling, might invade the territoryi of their rights and oust them of their liber-1 ties. Nor could they, iii reason, have ap -prehended dlanger from any positive, leis-~ e lative tyranny of the small States ; for, apart ' fr-omt their inability to achiive any such e thing, small States, surrounded by larger *ones, are usually more concerned in holding to what they have, thtan in maiking vain ef forts to seize fi-onm their more powverful neigh LI bors, unibought portions of their wvealth and dI power. Our fathers, there'fore, wvisely gave fto the snmall States, power in the Senate be i- yontd their relative strength, to enable them . to protect and to defenid themselves, as a i r minority interest in the Government, and, ini .doing this, to protect and to preserve the -. Constitution. They left out of view those i e dreamy notions of abstract equality so fats-! s ciniatiog to the fancy of our new-light I4e o formners, wisely seizing upon much more stabhle amid substantial elenmen ts in building b. up the great edifice of our public iiberties. they organized the Senate with a view equality of territory, or of population a property, what a complete farce would < Government have exhibited from the v( day of its existence ! The Constituti could not have stood through one deca The practical oppressions of the numeri majority, scarcely tolerable now under strong conservative influence of the Sena backed by the veto power of the Preside would have involved us in civil broils a Dontests, that could have ended in n'o otl way than by a dissolution of the Uni rhis majority have broken through the b riers of the Constitution, (which itself I been saved alone by the influence of I inority interest in the Senate) and, by l tndinarian construction, and the fiendi ,octrines of a "higher law," have made eries of encroachments on the rights a iherties of the minority, unprecedented he history of free government. If with I Constitution the minority are barely savi vhat would he their fate without it ? Though, then, to the superficial eye, inequ ty may appear on the surfaece of the S ite's organization, a closer search into ierits will disclose the great wisdom a )ractical efficacy of its provisions. It is tl rery theoretical inequality that prdduc omething like a practical equality in t idministration of the Government; the man lefect in the structure being, that the po% )f the minority interest is not sufficient reat for its protection and security. In the Senate of most of our sister Stal he conservative element is much less co iderable than in the U. S. Senate; and irises from tbe. want of a sufficiently pow( l minohty interest in their compositic rhe members of the Senate, not having ai pecial interest in the preservation of t utdamental law, are too generally sway y the same local interests, the sanme polp ar impulses, the same considerations ublic policy, as the leading majorities he lower House, and when the latter desi hange, they tbo often find a ready respon rom the former in accordance with th< vishes. Hence the rapid and almost friv ous innovations iii the institutions, laWs ai ublic policy of many of o'ur sister State mid hence also, the many unwise and da erous alterations of their fundamental la, l'he just lines between power and libert tability and progress, can only be mark< ut and preserved, by a well defined min ty interest in the Senate.chuamber, wi roper guards and limitations to its power, In South Carolina, we may safely bon f this happy conjunction of qualities in a) tate polity. Local circumstances conti ted to the formation of a government wi s, which, for equality of action, steadine f purpose, the liberty of its citizens, ai armony of public sentiment, stands unriva ad in the history of nations. Though he negligent observer, our Seiate may a] ear somewhat irregular and unequal in i xterior, it in reality contains, in an emine legree, the blessings of practical equalit t secures equal rights, equal laws, to eat ,ud every part of the State ; and this it do y virtue of its very organization. Frol eographical peculiarities, not admitting o dense whiie pupulation, in one section e State, a minority interest is created, vhich our ancestors, by a happy inspiratic if Legislative genius, more fortunate th bat of Minos or Lycurgus, of Solon or tomilus, readily availed thenselves in t1 irganization of the Senate. To this minoi y interest they gave a substantial pow or self protection and for preserving ~onstitutioni of the State; hut they so wv arded this power as to render impossib ny positive encroachment by it on t ghts of the community at large. Ti ower was given by subdividing the low nd less populous section of the State into number of small election Districts nllo g to each a Senator ; and, as without tl istribution of power, that section of t tate, would have beena almost wvithout voi n the legislative assembly, and consequem y without any proper guaranty or protc ion to its various local interests, so our a estrs drew from this necessity a doub 'irtue-by extending the blessings of poli al liberty to an otherwise unprotected se ion, and by throwing into the Senate vise, just, well.guarded conservative el nent, deeply interested in preserving inita he noble Constitution of our State, and ransmiting its manifold blessinugs to futu iges. T[hey had assurance, of hiaving fo.ui ia free and stable Government, amplys :uring on one hand the liberty of the cituze imd on the other, order, and a dignifieda ninistration, of the political powver of tate. Shall wve without being able )ik one flaw, or to point out one ill-a usted part, in that noble fraine-wvork, si r ourselves, through a freak of the fanc Smere permission of the will, to overthrt md destroy it i Will wve rashly cut off' tI ur glorious heritage handed down to 'rom a wise and virtuous ancestry ? But the wisdom of our present arran! net is seen in another point. While wholsome restraint is placed upon the leg ative power of each House by the chec vhich one holds over the other, the Seni a enabled to hold and to exercise the or relo powver in our State Government. TI svise restraint upon Governmental auth< t, so essential to liberty, is not fornmal eeognized in any distinct branch of ( tate polity. Yet that such a piower aci lly exists is evident upon the slighest lection. No government, indeed, could b or any length of time wihout such a pon esting somewhere. In the absence of th he minority wvould ever he the sport a ictims of the ruling majorimy. It has he lemostated by Mr. Calhoun, with alm< iatheatical precision, that "where I najority rules without restriction, thc mini ty will be the slaves." Could this vi power lbe now more wisely placed thian ihe Senate-chamber, among experienood a ntelligent gentlemen, having the interests he State, and the preservation of the Cc stitution, dearly at heart, and having anc portunity of hearing discuissed the vari( ineasures upon which they are called to: ..,, to vote? Noa erurngeret ennmll to more philosophical-none could lead to a -ot nd more happy practical success. It has work- go bie mur ed a beautiful harmony in the whole of our be ry State legislation: which, with slight excep. bei on tion, unsullied by party or sectional spirit, I de. has wrought happily for the gqjeral inter. I :al ests and welfare of the- entire blate. Can old he we value too highly this admirable feature the te in our State Constitution i But for this, we wil at, should ere now, have run wild with the very nd excess of freedom. Our ancestors knew to M er too much of man's nature, and of his politi. -n )n. cal destiny to overlook this important prin- my r- ciple of government. No! they ingrained w as it into the Constitution itself. They-so ar. B ,he ranged, that this restraint upon power ti- should exhibit itself in the every-day work. old sh ing of the Government. Theirs was no ear a mere theoretical veto, standing in a sepa- I nd rate clause upon parchment or paper-but a, Yo in practical veto ; one that works and checks; in 1 he one that hampers and controls the will of the d the majority; that gives to the 'minority an lent - active substantial power, by whieh they can al- protect their interests and defend their rights. hay m- Will we pll down this great 6orner stone rifle its of our liberties, and, despite the experience th, rid of the world, turn loose all the discordant foni 5is elements of local selfishness abd ambition, citit es or trust our rights and liberties p the flimsy thr he protection of an executive veto Without shi in a strong practical veto in the 4overnment, er who would be willing to entrust his person opp ly or his property to any predominant interest be in the state ? to the city, the Parish, or the a lit es mountain interest ? All would be danger n. ous. All, with opportunity and temptation, eral it would be tyrannical and oppressive. It is pre Sne of the wisest maxims of Government r-one oftewss aiso oene t e" n. to keep downi Geographical parties by pro.: y tecting Geographical int erests. r lie W. C. MORAGNE. and ad -all ofr1 iI~~ 1 J que, in' nfa re - - se THE UNKNOWN WORD. the ir There is a world we have not seen, - the 0- And time can ne'er that world destroy, plat Where mortal footsteps liath not been, and No ear hath caught its sounds of joy. There is a regi n lovelier far, The Than sages know or poets sing- lear IP mal Brighter than summer beauties are, of r- lAnd softer than the tints of ipring. bac 1h There is a world with blessingssblest, Beyond wbat prophets o'er foretold, him I Nor might the tongue of angelguest land . picture of that world'unfold. goC -appi th It is all holy and serene I and ss The land of glory and repose dres ad No darkness dlims the ratliant scene- wl I Nor sorrow's tear within it flows, a b to . . i It is not fann'd by summer's gale, ferr 'Tis not refredhed by vernal showers be Ils We len It never needs the moonbeans pale, - n t Y. Nor there are known the evening hours. beh No, no:! this world is ever light the With azure radiance all its own ; old The streams of unervated light Tha Flow round from the eternal throne. man of 1 shee of In vain the philosophic eye she i he P in : May seek to view the fair abode, gje m Or find it in the enrtained sky- not of It is the dwellin plae of God! brot ~~a~'j Ig I c VFrom the" Widow Bedott Papers." A isMr. Crane-" Well, widow, I've been think- ring ing about taking another companion-and I arm: ethought I 'de aisk ~you-" sivi a Widow-" Oh, Mr. Crane, egause my corn- a p m.otion-it's so onexpected. Jest hatnd rme that; ed iare bottle o' camfire off the mentletry shelf- the te II'm rut her faint-dew put a little mite on my .hev ehandkerchriet and hold it to my nose. There" Uitht'll dew-I'm obleged tew ye--now I am sold e.ruther more composed-you may perceed, Mr. of I Crane." youl n-I Mr.oCrae Well, widder, I wats agoing to " leas yu 'he. .,er--whethr----" the tW idow--" Continue, Mr. Crane-dew-I " -know it's turrible emubarrisin'. I remnetmber whein ual' a my deceased husband made his suppositions to prec .. me, he~ stammered and stuttered, and was so land t awfully firustrated, it did seem as if he'd never mar g it out in the world, tand I s'ppose it's generally jutst the case, at least it has been with nll thtat's maetaki resuppostitis to mie-you see they're ginerally in ti d-concerting about what kind of an answer thay're that e-agwine to git, and it kind o' makes 'm nervous. sati n,; Biut when an individdiwal has reason to s'ppose" d. his attachment's reciprocated, I don't see what :afte e need there is o' bein' flustrated-tho' I must, say P'o oit's quite embarrassin' to me-pray continue." fror to Mer. C.--" Well, then, I want to kntow if y'ou're " Bl d-willing i should have Melissy ?" d i dowa~ -" The dragon !" 'l Mr. C.-" I hain't said anything to her about ing wit yet-thought the proper way was to get your mor is consent first. I remember when I courted Try- an upheny we w~e engag~ed sonme time before mother hec IKeninie knew anything about it, and when she swa fo.unid it out she was quite put out beca'use I ed< e- dident go to her first. So when I made up my a idabout Melissy, thinks me, I'ldew itright is- this time and speak to the old woman first-" Fra ks IWidow-- Old woman, hey! that's a purity rone Lte name to call me! W~ant Melissy, hey ! trib!ea- ens, y ton ! gracious sakes alive ! well, I'll give it up mad isnow ! I rlways know'd you wats a simpleton, lear ITim Crane. but I must confess [ didn't thinkHe r-you was qjuite so big a fool--want Melissy, dewl to I mye ? If that don't heat nal! Wnat an everlastin' ' r old calf you mtust be to s'ppose she'd look at glol u- you. Why, you're old enough to be her faither, ma;I' -and more tew-Melissy ain4t only in her twenty-. mg tst oneth year. What a reedicklous idee for a man drol or o' your age ? as gray as at rat tewv ! I wonder antd -what t his world is comin' te'w ; 'tis astonishin' -reau swhat fools old widowers will maie o' them. not rselves ! Have Melissy ! Meissy !" tIlc uni Mr. C.-" Whyl, widder, you surprise me- of >t I'd no idee of beirng treated in this way after cou e you'd been so polite, to me, and made such a fuss ulal rovt'r mle and the girls." iGaci goWldow-." Sht, yor hlead, Tirm Crane-nun of la youir ws to me, Tlhr' yer hat on that are n tbe, and here's th door, nnd the aooner you f: put on One anid miaroblt LC' t'other this bultprit will be for you. And I adviso you ofort' you clar n-try to get umrried agin, to go out wpt rind assu thei P- 'I yer wife's cod-anrd arter ye're satIsfied en is that pinit, jest put :a little lamphiack on yer haitr it -'t. w~ould adal to yer appezarance ondotubtedly the be nurd he of arvico tew voni when vou want to i the irish round among the gals-and when ye've yer hair fix, just splinter the spine o' yer k-t'wouldent hurt yer looks a mite-you'd al ntirely unresistable if you was a leetle grain am iter." me Ir. C.-" Well, I never !" ed e, Vidow-" Hold yer tongue-you consarned coot you-I tell ye there's yer hat and there's the door--be off with yerself, quick metre, or I we give ye a hyst with the broomstick." it. I r. C.-" Gimmeni !" av Vidow, rising-" Git out I say-I ainfagwine AT, tan here and be insulted under my own ruff il nd so-.git along-and if you ever darken nm door agin, or say a word to Mellissy, it'll be dei 48 for you-that's all." of Ir. C.-" Tremendous! What a buster !" br< Vidow-" Go 'long-go'long, you everlastin' gum. I wont' hear another word (stops her in .) I won't, I won't, I won't.-[Exit Mr. Crane.] __-a--- i W! 'e TYPE BATTERY.-Mr. Fry, of the New k press. being called on to reply to a toast no onor of the craft, at the late celebration of Typographical Society, made a very excel- me ,speech-the speech of the evening, deci ly-in the course of which he said: UPI 'here are various kinds of weapons. We Paixhan guns, Minie rifles, and Sharpe's s; but there is one thing that shoots further the all these. It is the shot from the type idry. It goes around the world; it circles she a and threads glains; it wends its way ugh woods; it rattles in the rigging of the Im on the most distant seas; it is never spent the n aimed high, but ricochets, striking with h force every form of evil, dishonor and fo ression. In firing, then, let your aim always rue, and remeinher that to hit the mark, aim tIe above it. ery good advice. It should be, as it is, gen- co ly followed. But, there are Hessians of the is, who disgrace its high calling in this, and -y other civilized land-fellows who "left r country for their country's good"-who (ve less ten times more brass than brains-who destitute of courage, decency of principle- ip who are ready to prostitute themselves on sur eccasions for a consideration. Such chaps dre unworthy the kicks and cowhides they fre tly receive. at uhere is one consolatign: the seurrilities, yo mies and ati citiesf the fe, cannot de- ken le the many; and so the press keeps orl in yea fulfillment of its high and honorable mission, ea repectable portion of it receiving the ap-t se and enjoying the confidence of all go od lawabiding citizens. jus ,tCIC WonK, ASo AN INOrPoRTUNE KIsA. Louisville Journal of the 20th instant, dy, is that on the previous day a valuable 1e- oth servant belonging to Mr. J. W. Neewland, B hat city, escaped to Indiana, but was brought Br in less than two hours. According to her ; ar account, a white man saw htr the night be- the and made arrangements with her to meet w in the morning after breakfast at the Port- We( Railroad Depot, whence the two were to het if together. She went to the depot at the ryti inted time, found her white companion there, wit took passage on the cars, having several ges on and her face thickly veiled. Those of saw her supposed her to be while. hay he black woman. and white nian, the latter flee m burley fellow, crossed the river on the in 'boat, sl;e being supposed all the while to the white woman; and, when the boat arrived witl he other side, he passed out and ascended vol yank first. She followed about ten steps bei nd, and, when they were both on the top of I tU bank, the amorous and impatient ra-cal she king all safe, and wishing to seize the first bil en moment, raised her veil and kissed her. raising of her yeil was fatal. The ferry had aw, that although she had a white lover des had a black face, and rushing up the bank, ben eized her and demanded where she was .O . She protested that she was free, but, is being able to show the documents, she was ight back and lodired in jail even before be. my iswed by the f.niily to which she belonged. to I lie Abolitionist was shortly after seized and tlhe ed off to Louisville, where hie is safely lodg- and d i jail.g f SOLDER.'S HosoR.-In an old newspaper tng ed soon aifter the close of the revolution, Ihis nd the followving singular statemnent : - Du- thei the march of a detachment of the American . y, through New Jersey, in the late war, a. his r spoon was found missing in a house where hima rty of troops had billeted. Suspicion pitch n a soldier, who was seen to. have extered J sartmnt where the spoons were kept, and ble: ;as accused of the theft. erac Mlay I never meet salvation !" exclaimed the Per ier, " may I be sunk into the endless regions fun perdition,'if I have seen, heard of, or taken the spoon." gle But no one else could have taken it," replied illa ost. pid The soldier again went through the " man- ,wit of his attestations of innocence, and im- wit atios against himself if he was guilty. The ded~ lord looked astonished, and being an honest wri ,was obliged to believe the soldier. But a :re on the point to leave the examination-lie Ibro ng hold of the soldier's coat and tooking him .h te face-said; " Now say upon your honor,sh yot have not got my spoon, and I shall be ally tied." teel Upon my honor," said the soldier to himself, frai thinking au few minutes. "Upon my 'honor ! wol !blast you!1" lie cried, pulling the spoon Shis pocket, and giving it to its owner ast your spoon-take your spoon, and be it 'ie host started, surprised, and while lament- nin. that the great principles of religion and iinj ality should have less weight in the mind of ma ntelligent being, than the principles of what m id oiceived to 'oe a mere sound, the soldierl i ng his knapsack, joined te corps and march-bi fr. on URnuM AD Fumx.-The editer of the San to eiseo Pioneer is a genuine philosopher tho ly posted in the seiene of the starry heav- the and blessed wkih a most hatppy faculty of eve ing a practical and genial application of' his are ned lore to the affairs of every day life, tail e is a touch of his vein, which may servebr umble the pride of many a wiggling biped'. l 'o the inihabitants of Jupiter our imnportanit liki e appears like a small star of fourth or fifth ni ~nitude. We recollect somne years ago gaz- hat with astonishment at the inhiabitanits of a tlim > of water developed by solar microscope, secretly wonidering whether they were ntot unable tteings, with souls to he saved. It is sta altogether a pleasant reflection that, a scien- nia inhabitant of' Jupiter, armed with a telescopeth :onceivable form, may be pursuing a similar rse of inquiry, and indulging in sinmihir spec- wa ion regarding our earth and its inhabitants. hyl ing with curious eyes, his attention is sud- y ly attracked by the movement of a grand bration of' the'fourth of July in New York, wli mighty convention in Bal.imore. I a God bless my soul!1" he exclaims; "I de.'sa e they'er alive, those little creatu-res; do see'ap wiggle." l ant California jury in a suicide case lately found fomllowing verdict: " We, the jury, timid that daenisdmas a fool." LEAP YEAR. [t i.s a well known fact that the 1hdi'es are riwed, by the conventional, rules of society I 1 common consent, to take the lead or the c n every leap year, and if they feel so dispos- t to go so far as to " pop the question," with-: being considered rude or forward. Although right and privilege is conceded to the ladies, seldom hear of them taking advantage of h However, one case, in which the lady did h il herself of the privileges of leap year, oa red In this city, on New Year's day. We n I relate the particulirs, but not give the real 'l nes, for the reason that the parties are resi. t its of this city. and might not relish the idea having the privacy of their domestic affairs ught before the public. 'here is a certain fashionable boarding-house . Philadelphia, where a very handsome young low was boarding. This lady we will call dow Cheerly, who has a fortune of some D,000, left her by her deceased husband, and children. Three young clerks, (we will ne them Smith, Brown and Jones) who for- a rlv boarded at this boarding-house, called P in the landlady on New Year's day. The dow Cheerly was in her room and saw the 9 Img gents approaching. She immediately -essed herself up in liar bridal array," ualled landlady, and inquired the names of the y mng gents. The landfady informed her, when remarked, "I intend to have one of.those ing men for a husband." The landlady a led incredulously, and then went down to parlor to receive her visitors. The Widow o owed immediately, and, without waiting for introduction, approached Smith and said: Will you consent to besome my husband?" n he young man blushed, and was very much fused at hearing the question-from a lady he never before seen, but he finally succeeded of tammering out: , 1C Owing to the shortness of our acquaintance, tr ry short, never having seen the lady before,) w another person having sone- slight claims of n my affiections, you will please xcuse me." w Certainly, said the widow, " I will witi plea- s( , as I did" not notice this gentleman.' ad mine Air. Brown, " before I spoke to you, el Asel would have proposed to him first, Will marry me, Mr. Brown ?" I willi," said Brown; o the ice is now bro . I would have been a married man many I rs ago if I could have mustered courage ugh to pop the question, but as you have 4 n advantage of leap year and removed the k nbling block, I will become your husband if bf as soon as you please." n Right off," remarked the Widow; "landla you will please send for my bonnet, and S r outdoor wearing apparel." 'he necessary articles were sent for, and Mr. el wn, his intended hanging gracefully on his It , started for the residence of the Pastor of fu Boatsman's Church. When the minister about to unite the couple in the bonds of lock, they gave him their names, and each rd the other's name for the first time. Eve nug went on as " merry as a marriage bell" the new--married couple all that day. . lext morning, when Brown Awoke, the effects i .he numerous drinks of the day previous i ing now entirely worn off, he began to re- I t. Ile became serious. He thought he was w ather a bad scrape-out of eumploymeit in middle of winter, very little money, and a depending on him for support. While re- w ing the subject over in his mind, and not " g able to decide what he had better do til- or coimmit suicide. "1 My dear," said --have you any objection to collect a few hl Ai e started, thinking that she supposed he some money coming to him, and that she E red him to collect a " little money" for her efit, and muttered, rather surly, "-No, I have bjections to colleCing money when there ny coming to me." I don't mean that, my dear. Get up and go to e bureau drawer, and there you will find bills lie amount of $500, for rents due me for P past mouth ; you will please collect them, accept the money from ma as a New Year s Irown leaped from the bed, scarcely believ his senses, that he had distinctly understood wife, and then rushed to the bureau, and - fonnd the bills. tC Vhen we saw Brown lie was out collecting te bills-found it a very easy job-and heard I expatiating upon the benetits of matrimony. * 'LWES.-Iiow the universal heart of man ises flowers ! They are wreathed round the le, the marriage altar, and the tomb. Thle" sian in the fair. East delights in their per i, and writes his love in nosegays; while Indian in the far West claps his hands with , as he gathers the abundant blossoms-the minated scripture of the prairies. The Cu-.b of the ancient Ilindoos tipped. his arrows flowers, and orange 'tuds are bridal crowns I us, a nation of yesterday. Flowers garlan the Grecian altar, and they hang in votive, aths before the Clrristiain shrine. All thes appropriate uses. Flowers should deck the 5 woft the youthful bride, for they aren rselves a 'lovely type of marriage., They~ uld twine round the tomb., for their perpetu renewed beauty is a symbol of the resur ion. They sould festoon the altar, for their ~race and'their beauty ascenid in perpetual ship before the Most High. NTEEST.-No blister draws sharper thtan ret does. Of all industries noiie is compar s to that of interest. It works day and lht. ini fair weather and foul. It has no sounds ts foosteps, but travels fast. It gnaws at a ti is substance with invisible teeth. It binds D ustry with its film, as a fly is bound with a t i ier's web. Debts roll a man over and over, ding him hand and foot, and letting him hang e the fatal mesh, until the long-legged interest Ii ours him. There is no crop that can afford ay interest money on a farm. 'Tere is but thing raised on a farm like It, and that is 2 Canadat thistle, which swarms new plants r ry time you break its roots, whose blossoms ' ti very prolific, and every flower father of a w lion seeds. Every leaf is an awl, every o nehi a spear, and every single plant is like a il ttoon of~ bayonets, and a field of them is e an armed'host. The whole plant is a tor- f< it and a vegetable curse. And yet a farmer ea better make his bed of Canada thistles, b attempt to lie at ease upon interest. correspondent of the Cincinnati Gazettea tes that a clerg!ymian in Pittsburg, Pennsylva- I lately married a lady with whom lie received substantial dowry of ten thousand dollars, a faiir prospect for more. shortly after- p rd, while occnpying the pulpit, lie gave out a t ni, read the first four verses, and was pro- h ding to read the fifth, commencing,p "Forever let my grateful heart," U en ie hesitated, baujlked, and exclaimed: Ie Iem the choir will omit the fifth verse," andI down. The congregation, attracted by his iarent confusion, reaid the verse for themsolves, n I smiled almost audibly as they read.: s "Forever Iet miy grateful heart IHis boundless grace adore, t Whih eives ten thout~zand blessings now, A iii bids inc lion for mnore. AMUSING PARAGIMES. JIMMY AND THE PLL.-BoX.-One of ouP young 'hysicians had an occasion. lately to prescribe a ouple of pills for an Irishman, which were sent 3 him in a small box, bearing the direction, the whole to be taken immediately"'"10n visit ig his patient afterwards, the doctor expressed is surprise on learning that the desired afficet ad no, been produced and asked James' better alf if she had really giveNs him the medicine Faith yer honor I did si-r." She repliedl "-but iybe ye'r honor the lid harvent come off yet. 'he poor mick an- had been made to swalloll ic pills, box, lid and all. "Br my sowl," says Pat, pilikng themiav. Rd exadaing them " That's a quare scissora. ,- Sissors? Maboney," responded his compa in, "sure that's no scissois; that's wamt tl$ ill snulers." "Smitfers-for what's that!" "Sure, for snuffing the candle." "O-oo-oo-oo," says Pat," I have it now," id suiting the action to the word, he forthwith tlled the snuff from the candle with his finger., -posited it in the box, shutting the snuffirs to. ether, exclaiming, with wonder-starig eyes, Be my sowl bat i's a sate invention, Iasat' itI A SUm FoR TEAcmis.-" SaIy Jones, have )u done that sum I set you 1 " No thir, I can't do it." " Can't do it! I am ashamed elyes. Why, your age I could do any aw. you set me," "I think, thir, I know a sam you ean'L thifer 2t." "Well, Sally, let's hear and we will see." ".It ith thith, thir: 'f one apple cautlhed the in of the whole human rathe, how many thuclh ill it take to make a barrel of thidert' THE man who runs down the girts, speaks ill married women, throws a quid of tobacco in the contribution box, and takes a penny out bcy more, can never have any pence in this rld. Bedbugs, musquitoes, sud the nightmare id all the hobgoblins of a guilty conscience, ill haunt him on his way to that well heated pd. n, where the convicts are fed on cinders and uafortis soup, and are allowed no other afus ent than to sit and pick their teeth a red hot >ker'through all eternity. THE following advertisement appeared in an ish paper: I Whereas, John Hall has fraudulently taken veral articles of wearing apparel without my owlcdge, this is therefore to inform him that he does %iot forthwith return the same, his ime shall be made public." A LUCID EXrLANATION.-" Pray, Professor ,.hnewkze, what is a periphravidr "Madam, it is simply a circumlocutory and enastic cycle of oratorical sonorosity, circum. ribing an atom of idenlity, lost in verbal pro ndity." " Oh, that's it, is it ?-well, tew-be-shore." QUAINT AND BEAUTIFUL PXovxan. He that in the world would rise, Must read the news and advertise. "TuE firo is gZing ou4 -Miss Filkins." "I iow it,MV. Green, anhf you o61 6athi- * * , you would follow its example." It is unne. sary teadd that Green never aAed to sit up ith that girl again. CoWPEn was certainly a .free mason, as he anted to erect a lodge in some vast wilder, Ss. MEN OF AMER ICA-MEN oF THE AGE.-The eatest man, take him "all in a!l," of the laat indVed years, was George Washington-an intrcan. 'he greatest Doctor of Divinity was Jonathan dward--aa American. The greatest Philosopher was Benjamin -ankln-an American. rhe greatest of living sculpturor is Hiram Pow. s-an American. The greatest living Historian is Wm. P. -eott-an American. The greatest ornithojogist was J. 1. Aubudon -an American. Trhe greatest Lexleographer, since tho time of ,hnsoh, was Noah Webster-on American. To show how mechanical skill and labor add tihe value of raw material, the British Qear rly Review gives this instructive calculation: bar of iron valued at *5, worked into horse os, is worth 610,50; needles, 8355; pen tif blades, 63285; shirt buttons, 929,480; ilance springs of watches, 9250,000.-Thirty te pounds of iron have been made into air. >wards of one hundred and eleven miles in ngth, and so line was the fabric that a part of' was converted, in lieua of horse hair, into a Lrristers wig. BoGUs J3ENEVoEC.-According to the Tri ne, sham Sunday schools form a favorite and ce'essful means of swindling in New York, d that paper says that in one part of the city Sless thtan four of these bogus establishments e in operation, with a long list of collectors, ho raise for each school from St,000 to 81, )0 a year. Of this sum ten per cent, goes to e support of the school, and the rest into the ,kets of the hangers on. The New York xpress says that tho sham philanthropists cost e city about 650,00 annually, while their called schools are at best but a mere fatrco, RULING AMERICA.-A Washington letter Is o Baltimore Sun cntains the following pare. aph : " It is worthy of note that In the United ates there are 3,800,000 Romnan Catholics, hilst in the Senate and House of Representa ves there is but one member each who eves ake a profession of that faith. In the cabinet, e Supreme Court of the United States, the enate and the House thero is not a single for gn born citizen. Surely " Americans are ru mg America." SINGULAR DIsCOVERY :N YERG1NA.--On the )th ult. a band of laborers on the Central Rail td, in Alleghanmy county, Va., on Cady's aee on, penetrated into a cave, the mouth of' which as about 305 flet from Jackson's River. Some the workmen entered -it, and ceutinuing on eir course, passed under the river and same at on the other side of it. In the cave was >und the dead body of a hunter, with all the uipments lying near him. About 66,000 in nds payable to Mrs. A. Cross, and dated in 323, were found on the body, which was in a onderful state of preservation. The bonds' re signed by many of the oldest citizens of .lleghaniy and Bath counties. gg''Hou. is emphatically the poor man's radise. The rich, with their many resources, > often live away from the hearthstone, in art, if not in person; but to the virtuous oor, domestic ties are the only legitimate and sitive sourees of happiness short of that holi rheaven which is the soul's home. gy-Grmrr is neither In bIrth, wealth, tanner, nor fashion-but in the mind. A high ense of honor, a determination never to take a ean advantage of another, an adherence to uth, ,delicncy and politeness towards thoso !ith vhom we have dealings, are its essential