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F,, W, R ~ ~nwiatc 3~imd, i~n~d ti i~vnaii~j~,flc~, diic~ ~nev htd~~jnce Cievthiei~tdiij,~emertnc~ L~zeuuIBM& "W iii ligtoth ilar f il eml @ orLierisan f t ut alweiil Prshamdt heRin. U-y 1k., W. F. DUR[SOE, Proprietor. EDGEFIELD, .S. C., JANUARY 3,985 THE EDGEFIELD ADVERTISER 1S PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY BY W. F. D U RIS 0 E, Proprietor. ARTHUR SIMKINS, Editor. ',rwo DOLLARS per year, if paid in advance-Two DOLLARs and FIFTY CENTS if not paid within six months-and TnREE DOLLARS if not paid before the expiration of the year.. All subscriptions not distinct ly limited at the time of subscribing, %%ill be consider ed as made for an indefinite period, and will be con tinued until all arrearages are paid, or at the option of 'a the Publisher. Subscriptions from other States must i INVARIABLY be accompanied with the cash or refer ence to some one known to us. ADVERTISEMENTS will be conspicuously inserted at 75 cents per Square (12 lines or less) for the first in sertion, and 37L cents for each subsequent insertion. When only published Monthly or Quarterly SI per I square will be charged. All Advertisements not having the desired number of insertions marked On the mar gin, will be continued until forbid and charged ac cordingly. Those desiring to advertise by the year can dosoon liberal terrns-it being distinctly understood that con tracts fior yearly advertising are confined to the imme diate, legitimate business of the firm or individtual contracting. Transient Advertisements must be paid for in advance. For announcing a Candidate, Three Dollars, i% ADVANCE. For Advertising Estrays Tolled, Two Dollars, to be aid by the 31agistrate advertising. The Eleventh Commandment. T. S. Arthur tells a good story, about a loving couple in New Jersey, who belonged I to the Methodist Church. A new presiding Elder, Mr. N., was expected in that district; I and as the ministers all stopped with Bro. W. and his wife, every, preparation was made to give him a cordial reception. The honored couple thought that religion, in part. consisted of making some parade, and therefore the parlor was put in order; and a nice fire was made .and the kitchen replen. ished with cakes, chickens, and every dell cacv, preparatory to cooking. While Mr. W. was out at his woodpile, a plain looking, coarsely dressed, but quiet like pedestrian came along and inquired tile distance to the next town. le was told that it was three miles. Being very cold he asked permission to enter and wartm hinm self. Assent was given very grudgingly, and both went into the kitchen. The wite look ed daggers at this untimely intrusion, for tite strantger hid on cow*e boots, an old hat, t and a threadbare, niieatly patched coat. S At length she gave him a chair beside the j Dutch oven which was baking nice cakes I for the Presiding Elder, who was momenta rily expected, as he was to preach the next i day at the church a mile or two beyond. I The stranger, after warning himself, pre- r pared to leave, but the weather became more inclentent, attd as his appetite was roised by v the viatts about the fire, he asked for sote little refreshments before he sat out on a 1 cold walk to the town beyond. Mrs. W. weas displeased, but <>n consultation with her 1 tusband, some cold bacon and bread were I set on an old table, and lie was then some- I what gruffly told to eat it. It was growing: dark, and hints were thrown out that the stranger had better depart, as it was three : long miles to town. The wife grew petu lent, as tle ttew preacher, did not arrive, a and her husband sat whistling the air -f 1 "Auld Lang Syne," while he thotught of the words of the hym-cn-" W~hen' I catn read my title clear," and felt as if lie could order the stranger off without any further ado. The homely meal was at last cotncludetd '-the man thanked him kindly for the htospi-< tality lie had received, and opetted the door; to go. But it wvas quite dark, and1 clouds detnoting a stortn filled the heavens. " ou say it is full three mtiles to D- ?" -I do,'" said W., coldly ; " I said so when you first stopped, and you ought to have pushed on, like a prudent man. Yott would have teachied there before it was qu]ite dark." "But I was cold atnd hungry, arnd tmighti have fainted by the way." The manner of saying itis touched the!t farmer's feelitngs a lite.4 "You htave warmed me, atnd fed me, for which 1 am thankful. Will you now- be stow another act of kindtess upon one itt a strange place, atnd, if lie goes out in the darkness, may loose hitmself atnd petishi in the cold ?" - TIhe peculiar form in which this request wtas made, and the tone in which it was ut tered put it out of the power of the farmer to say no. " o in there and~ sit downt," hte answier ed, poi~nting to the kitchetn, " and I wtill see whlat she satys." And Mr-. W. went into the parlor where the supper table stood, covered with the stnow-white cloth, antd displayed his wife's set of blue sprigge-d chitna, that was only broughtt out on special occasion. Thte tall mould catndles wecre burning: thereotn, and ott thte earth blazed a cheerful fire. "H asn't that old fellow gone yet ?" asked Mrs. WV. Shte heard his voice as Ite retutned from the door. " No, and what do you suppose ? He wvants us to let him stay all nightt." "Indeed! w~e'll do no such thtino! We1 catn't have the likes of him itn the house now". *Where could lie sleep ?" I - " Not in the best room, even if Mr. N. should not come." " No, indeed !" " But, really, I don't see, Jane, how we can turn him out of doors. He doesn't look like a very strong man, and it's dark atnd full thtree'mniles to D-a---." " It's too much. He ought to have gotte on while lhe had daylight, and not lingered hiere as he did till it got dark." " We can't turn him out of doors, Jane, and it's no use to think of it. He'll have to stay somehowv." " But what can we do with him ?" " He seerps like a decetnt man, at least; and does not look as if he hiad anything bad abouLhim. We might make hitn a bed Ott the flo~iomewhere in the house.'' I wish lie had been in Guinea before Im came here," said Mrs. W. fretfully. The disappointment, the conviction thal Mr. N. would not arrive, occasioned her tc feel, and the intrusion of so unwelcome i visitor as the stranger, completely unhinged her mind. "Oh, well," replied her husband, in i soothing voice, "never mind. We must make the best of it. lie came to us tired and hungry, and we warmed and fed him, lie now asks shelter for the night, and we must not refuse him, nor grant his requesi in a complaining or reluctant spirit. You know what the Bible says about entertain. ing angels unawares." " Angels! did you ever see an angel look like him ?" Having never seen an angel," said the farmer, smiling, " I am unable to speak as to their appearance." This had the effect to call an answering smile to the fice of Mrs. W., and a better feeling to her heart. It was finally agreed between them that the man as lie seemed like a decent kind of a person, should be iermitted to occupy the minister's room, if that individual did not arrive, an event to which they both looked with small expec. ancy. If lie did come, why the man wonld ave to put up with poorer accommodations. When Mr. W. returned to the kitchen, ere the stranger had seated himseh before he fire, lie informed him that they had decid. d to let him stay all night. The man ex )ressed in few words a gratefil sense of heir kindness, and then became silent and oughtful. So.n after, the farmer's wife, giving up ll hope of Mr. N.'s arrival, had supper aken up-which consis.ted of coffee, warm iort cake, broiled chickens. After all was n the table, a short conference was held as o whether it would do to invite the stranger :o take supper. It was true they had given in as munTh bread and bacon as lie could at, but then, as long as lie was going to tay all night. it looked too inhospital to sit lown to the table and not ask him to join hem. So, making a virtue of necessity, lie vas kindly asked to come to supper-an nvitatinn lie (lid not decline. Grace was ;id over the meal by Mr. V., the coffee oured out, the bread helped, and the tmilk erved. There was a fine little boy, six years old, t the table, who had been brightened tip md dressed in his best order to grace the inisters's reception. Charles was full of ilk, and the parents felt a mntual pride in howing him off, even before their humblest uest, who noticed him particularly though e had not much to say. " Corne, Charlev," said Mr. W., after the ieal was over, antd lie sat leaning back in is chair, " can't you repeat the pretty hymn ianmma learned you last Sunday." " Charley started oIf without further in itatiOn, and repeated very accurately two r three verses of a new camp-neeting vmn, that was just then very popular. "Now let us hear you say the Command. ents," spoke up the mother, well pleased t the child's performance. And Charley repeated them with the aid f a little prompting. " How many. Commandments are there ?' sked the father. The child1 hesitated, and then loking up t the stranger, near whom lie sat, said in ocently " flow many are there ?" The inanm thought for s-ome moments, and aid, ais if in doubt: "Elevemi, are they not ?" "Eleveni !" ejaculated Mrs. W. in unfeign d surprise. "Eleven ?" said her husband, with imore ehuke than astonishment in his voce "Is it possible, sir, that you don't know ow ma ny Commandments there are ? low many are there, Chiarley ? Conie, tell ne, you kniow of course." "Ten," replied the child. "Right, nmy son," returned Mrs. W. look ng vith a smile of approval on thme child. 'Right. Th'lere isn't a child of his age ini ei miles whlo can't tell you there are ten ..mmadments. Did you ever read the 3ible, sirt? " Whien I was a little boy I used to read sometimes. But I am sure I thought there vere eleven Commatndments. Are you not nistakein about there being (onlly tein C' Sister W. lifted up her hands in unfeign d astonishment, and exclaimed: "Could any one believe it ? Such igno ance of the Bible?" Mr. W. did not reply, but rose and going o one corner of the room, where the good iook lay inpon thie small stand, lie puL it ont he table before him, and opened at that por ion in which the Commandments are record "Tb re," lhe said, placing his finger upotn ie pr~o of the stranger's error. " There. [ook for yourself." The stramger came round from the sideC of ie tabile and looked over Mr. W.'s shoulder. " There, dl'ye see! -Yes, it dloes say ten," replied the man; and yet it seems to me there are elevein. m sure I always tho't so." "D oesnt't it say ten ?" Inquired M r. W. ith marked impatience in his voice. "It does, certainly." "IWell, what miore (10 you want! Can't rou believe the Bible ?" 0 , yes, I believe thte Bihble; and yet, it ;trikes me somehow, that there roust be devent Comnmandmnents. Hasn't oneo beeni idded somnewhere else ?" Now thtis was too much for thte brother 1d( sister to bear. Such ignorance of sa. :red tpatters they felt to be utnpardonable. A long lecture followed, in wvhich the tman was scoled, admonished, and threatened w~itht ivine indignation. At its close lie nodestly ask~ed if lie might not have the Bible to read for an hour or two before re iring for the night. This request was gran ted wyith more pleasure than any of the pre. eding ones. Shortly after supper the man was conducted to the little square room, accompanied by the Bible. Before leaving him alone, Mr. spiritual things, and he did so earnestly for I ten or fifteen minutes. But he could not see that his words made much impressinn, and he finally left his guest, lamenting his obduracy and ignorance. In the morning he came down, and meet ing Mr. W. asked him if he would be so kind as to lend a razor, that he might remove his beard, which did iinot give his fiace a very at tractive aspect. His request was granted. We will have prayers in about ten min utes," said .lr. W., as he handed him the ra zor and shaving box. He appeared and behaved with due pro priety at finily worship. After breakfatst lie thanked the farner and his wife for their hospitality, and departing went on his jourey. Ten o'clock came, but Mr. N. had not ar rived. So .\r. and Mrs. W. started for the neetiug house not doubting that they would find him there. But they were disappointed. A goodly number of people were inside the meeting house, amnd a goodly number outside, but the inimister had not arrived. Where is Mr. N ?' inquired a dozen voi. ees, as the little crowd had gathered around the farner. le hasn't come yet. Something has detained him. But I will look for him-in deed I fully expected to find him here." The day was cold, and Mr. W. after be coming thorughly chilled, concluded to go in and keep a look out for the iniiister from the window near which lie usually sat. Oth ers fron the same cause, followed his exam. ple, and the little meeting-house was soon filled, and one after another came dropping in. The farmer, who turned towards the door each time it was opeied, was a little surprised to see his guest of the previous niight enter, and come slowly down the aisle, looking fron side to side, as if searching for a vacant seat, very few of which were nMw left. Still advancing, lie finally got within the littled enclosed alter ascending to the pulpit, took off his old gray overcoat and sat down. Ily this time Mr. W., was at his side, and had his band upon his arnm. " You must'nt sit here. Come down and I will show you a seat," said lie in an excited tone. Thank you," replied the man in a coi. posed voice. " It is very comfortable here." And the man remained immovable. Mlr. W1. feeling embarrassed, went down, intending to get a brother 'otlicial ' to assist in in making a forcible ejection of the man from.the place lie was desecrating. Inine diately upon his doing so, however, the man rose, and staiding np at the desk, opened the hymn book. His voice thrilled to the finger ends of brother W., as in a distinct and impressive manner lie gave out the hymn begitaiing: "Help us to help each other, Lord, Each other's cross to bear, Let each is frieidly aid dflord, And feel a brothee's care." The congregation rose after the stranger had read the entire hymn, and had repeated the first two lines for them to sing. Broth er N. usually started the tunes. He tried this time but went offon a long mnetro tune. Discovering his mistake at the second word lie balked and tried it again, but nowv lie stumbled on a short metre. A musical bro ther caie to his aid, and led off' with A tinne that suited the measure in which the tne was written. After singing, the congregation kneeled, and the miinister-for no one doubited his real character-addressed the throne of Grace with much fervor ad elognence. Th'le readling of a chapter in the Bible suac eeeded. Th'len there was a dleep) pause thro' out the room in anticipation of the text, which the preacher prepared to announce. - Brothier WN. looked paile, and his hands. and knees trembledl. Sister W.'s face was like crimson, and lieir heart was heating so loud that site wondered whlether- the sounad was not heard by the sister that sat beside her. There was a breathless silence. Th'le dropping of a pin might almost have been hearad. Then die fine eniphlatie tones of the preacheri tilled the crowded room. "And~ a new commanment I giv e unto you, that you love oiie another." I Jrother- W. had benat forward to listeni but now lie sank hack in his seat. This was the EleventhI Commirandmen t. The sermon was deep), searching, vet af fect ioniate aiid iimpiressive. The preachern tt :ered ntothaing that could in the least wound the ha-otheir and the sister- of whose bospitali ty lie ha~d par-taken, but said much that smote upona their hearts, and made them pain fully conscious that they had not shown as much kia d ness to the stranger as hie had been en titled to receive oin the broad principles of huuianity. But they suffered most faronm the1 Imortification. To think thtat they should hawtreated'hle Presiding Elder of the dlis trict after such a fashion, was dleeply haumil iating ; and the idea of the whole affair get ting abroad, interfered sadly with their tie votional feelings throughout the whole peri od of service A t last the summons was over, the ordi nance administered and the beanedictioni pro niounced. Brother W. did not know what it wats buest for him to do. Hie never was more at a loss in his life. Then Mr. N. do scended from his punpit, but lie (lid not step -forw-ard to ameet him. How could lie do thaut? Others gatheaed arotund and shook hands with him, but lie still lingered nad tell back. "Where is brother W.?" wias at length heard and asked. It wvas the voice of the minister. "Here lie is," said one or two, openiing the way to where the former stood. The preacher advanced, and catching his hand, said : " How do you do0, brother W., I am glad to see you. Where is sister W.?" Sister W. wvas brought forwvard and the preacher slook hands with thenm heartily, while hiis/atce wvas lit up with smiles. ' I beleve I will find a home with you," lie said,ais it was settled. Befo-o the still embarrassed brother and sister co)uld rep~ly, sonec one asked : "llaw canme you to be detained so late? I You was expected here last night. And where is brother R I" --Brother R. is sick," replied Mr. N., "and I had to come alone. Five miles from this my norse gave out, and I had to come the rest of th a way on foot. But I became so cold and weary-thatJ found it necessary to ask a armer not far"from here to give me a night's lodging, whiclh he was kind enough to do. I thougqt I w'as still three miles off, but it happened I was much neairer my jour. ney's end than I supposed. T!zis explanation was satisfactory to all parties, and in-due time the congregation dis persed, and the Presiding Elder went home with brother and si.ter W. One thing is certain, however, the story never got out for some years after the worthy brother and sis ter had passed from their labors, and it has been related by Mr. N. himself, who was ra ther eccentric in his cbaracter, and like num bers of his ministerial brethren, fond of a joke, and given to relating stories. Never Despise your Business, No man of sense," it has been observed, "despises his bread and btlter." It is only the weak who are asitmed of laboring for a livelihood, or who affect to scorn the branch of business which they especially pursue. The first duty which a man owes to himself, to~ his family, and to his fellow citizens, is not to become a burden pecuniarily to so ciety. That commonwealth also is the most flonrishing in which the proportion of drones is the fewesty indeed, the idea pf each State involves the necessity or every member of it beiig a producer. Hence it is that work is always honorable. The most ordinary handicraft employment is as worthy, if exercised honestly, as the profession of law or medicine. Each citizen follows that' avocation for which lie is best suited, and when he does this fulfds the law of his ex istence; but never otherwise. A bad law. ver is less truly respectable than a good mechanic, and an able doctor is more meri torious than an honestJh1borer. To do one's cuty, in the walk wheie one can be most Llicient, is to be honorable ; to neglect it or to seek some other walR, is to become really disgraced. By this staindard, and this only, should we judge of mea's respectability. It is time that we republicans banish the arbi trarv lines of castes, applied to the pursuits *f life, which are derived from feudal Europe. Yet there are thousands of men who are it heart ashakoed of. heir business. Are :hey retail venders ? They scorn continu. aig to make rnoney'V ,?ir own. way, and. oig to embark in the wholesale line. Are hey jobbers? They think if they could only )e shippers that their glory would culminate. Are they mechanics? They regret that hey are not lawyers. Are thev farmers ? I'lhey wish to be in business in town. Such iersons, in their hearts, worship absurd dis. inctians, inherited from the social life of lEingland, and regard the physician, the poli. ician, or the banker, as really greater men lhin common human clty. These are what lhackery calls snobs-men of pretence and ,vesk folly-men who despise their bread md butter. Trie wise man, on the contra -y, seeks independence by steadily atten lance to his business, well aware that an ndependence, an aspeet of perfect unanimi y and of resoluto dovotion to our rights. :ongress would not dare to enact a measure Igainst which the South protested in a uni ed voice. In view, tl:en, of the crisis before us, it is If the first importance that men of all par. ies in the South, profiting by the examplle of hd~ enemy, should so far suspend their mn. uaIl hostilities, as to unite in a resolute re istance to the threatened attack of the \ibolitinnists. Every Southern represen ta ice in Cougress should opp~ose the re.enact. neent cf the Miissouri restriction ; for, what ,ver may be his viewv of the p~olicy of' its re ,eal, he cannot eo.operate with the Aboli ionIists ini the attempt to impose it upon the South again. 1By universal concession it vas unjust to the South in thme first instance, and it is certainly not less offensive since it mas been incorporatedl in a platform of anti. havery agitation. Ini regard to the projec ed repeal of the Fugitive Slave Law", amnd lhe exclusion of slave States from thie Union, he representatives and the people of the sonth will be animated by a common imn sulse of determined resistanice. Firmness is not less essential than unani nlity' ; and fortunately the struggle in w"hich yve are about to engage, does not admit of any " coimpromise" or " adjustment." After issuming its position the South will have no ilternative but unconditional surrender or esistanca to the utmost .extrenmity.-Rich nond Enquirer. DEAD HEAD,-We were not a little amused he other evening at, witnessing the effort of a ountry friend ot ours, who was a "little by he head," and who was trying to make his way nto the Varieties 'Theatre without the form of Sticket. The door keiper stopped him and msked him for his ticket. " What.!" exclaimed ur country friend, "a ticket from me-I'm a nember or -the Press." - Ah !" said the door keeper, by way of apolo ~y, and turning to his book where the "inter nents" are registered, " what press are you con 1ected with ?" " Why, sir," said our friend, furiously, " one svhose circulation is limited at present, owing .o the failure of a-Cider Press." He was allow ad to go in. MTrnMON.-Does not agree very well with sonie people. Thiurlow Weed, an editor, for natance, is now the father of eighteen children; ils valuable helpmate having presented himi vith one every eleven months since their mar ringe. \Ve should say that that Weed was rathaer a luxuriant kind of vegetation, anyhow. grTHIERE isa petition before the Legislature jf Canada, asking for the Charter of a North .rn Pacific Railroad Company. The plan is to dtart the road at Montreal and proceed by the wvay of Bytown and the valley of rthe Ottowa to the Western boundary of Canada, thence miong the route surveyed by Gov. Stevens, of Washington Territory. A girl at school would like to have two birth days every year. Wheni she growvs up a woman she objects to having even one. TEERE are two things, says Mrs. Partington thlat should be at home every evening at dark :nws ndr women." inmESTING LETTER EOM FRANCE. Letter from an intelligent and highly respectable Amcrican sojourning in France. PAnis, November 23, 1854. The affairs at the. East are anything but satis factory, both as to actual condition and prospects. They are much worse than appears in the pub lished counts, both official and private. The losses of the Allies are fearful, particularly in the British army. The Russians sing!e out the I latter in their attacks: avoid as much as they can the French; speak well of the latter, and dis paragingly of the former. A general belief already prevails that the Allies must soon sound a retreat, when the Rus sians will aet with great vigor, and I shall not be surprised to see a second Moscow. There is no sea in the world worse thain the Black, which its name indicates. The fleet must soon return to Const.ntinople. How it can do so without bringing back the army, or protecting it to Var na, no one can tell. If the latter movement is attempted, the losses will indeed be dreadful, as the Russians army is already rather superior in numbers, and will soon be very much so, as they are receiving large reinforcements, and are much encouraged by the presence of the two sons of the Emperor, which convinces all that their dan ger was not near so great as represented by the English papers. France is sending forward very large reinforce inents. Forty thousand men are embarking at Toulin and Marseilles, with buttering and seige artillery, which is a proof they do not expect to take Sebastopol this season; and they are send- i ing also munitions of war in quantities as if for another Russian campaign like that undertaken by the great Napoleon. So pressing is the call for reinforcements that the private steamers in the Mediterranean are chartered at very high rates and sent off as fast as they arrived in port with from 400 to 1.000 troops each, besides as many munitions of war as they can carry. The best blood of England is being poured out in the Crimea, and their losses, as well as those of the French, are frightfully severe. Well-informed persons, assert that, including the ravages of the cholera, the Allies have already lost 50,000 men since they entered the Black Sea. The expenses are appalling. A new and heavy loan must be made in this country, and a new conscription on a large scale, which I fear will create great dissatisfaction. The Russians will soon have on their side that most dreadful, unfeeling, never-sparing, all-con quering general, Winter--icy winter. The Allies will suffer dreadfully-miserable tents, not even rain-proof, for their winter tenements, and with almost impassible roads; and if they commence a retreat it would be as fatal as that of 1812 from Moscow. If they even took Sebastopol they could not retain it, and could only destroy the city and fleet and then abandon it; for the greater forts domineer over and command the town, and against these forts not a shot has yet been tired. The forts thus far attacked are only those in advance. Originally,-the Allies only intondcd to protect Constantinople. They did not intend to invade the Crimea. But the want of success in the Baltic, and the failure of the Russians before Silistria, induced tlem to attack Sebastopol, which they thought would be an easy and a vatluable conquest. They could have done more against the Russians on the Danube. The vic tory of the Alma was like that of Phyrrus over the Romans. Now, the Russians are receiving their reinforeements by tens of thousands-and it is only the beginning. It is, I fear, but the prelude to a general war over all Europe, which will convulse the civilized world-destroy thrones. create new kingdomns, illusory and mo mentary republics, vandalism, taxes, loans; paper money, general distress, and ruin and horrible carnage. aIoarding of gold has already com menced, both in Great 1rritain and on the Conti. ent. Russia virtually is inaccesaible. No Power or Pow cati enter and remain on her ice-bound and st Wcovc-red territory. She says to the world: " Come with a small force and I will overwhelm you ; cotne with a large one, and you will overwhelm yourselves." Suppose Cron. stadt and Sebastopol both were to fall, of what consqluetnce would it be to Russia ? Not so se riotis a loss as the bombardmentt of New York in case ot a war with England or France. The above two fortresses could sootn be rebuilt. rTere is tno wealth iti either as in New York. True, the capture of thmose places wvould destroy the Russian Fleet, which England greatly desires, for fear at a future day, it mnight join that of Fratnce against her. This, in reality would be a loss to F~rantce. Russia, however. has all the resources and mecans to rebumild her fleet in a very fewv years, even if it were thus destroyed. The fleet.hlowever, will not be destroyed and if Etng land' calculates on the ca'pture, ttext spring, it will result pretty much as it did with Sir Chtarley, when he said that in fiftecti (lays he would be in Cronsad i or Heaven. Iher chance, at any-mate, for the former, was nd is very remote ; I ven ture no opinion :us to the latter.I Prince Napoleotn, the heir to the throne, has returtned to Constantitiople, owintg, it is said to ill h ealth. Isee but lit tle in this contest to interest the feelings of an American in the success of either party. There is something for him to regret and sotmething the contrary, whichever may be the victors. The above details are merely given as matters of fact or of opitiion, and not as indi eating either my hopes or wishes. The cause of humanity, I think, would gaitn, or rather would suf'er less, by the present success of the Allies ; for if they are now foiled the pride of these two proud nations would be thoroughly roused, and a retiewed attempt, to capture Sebastupol would be made next season by a force, if necessary, of 200,000 men or more, which would be met by corresponding exertion on the part of Russia, and result in a carnage to which eveti the wars of Napoleon afford no parallel. The interior position of France is satisfacto. rily in all its branches of production except the wine crop, which is a most serious evil. Hopes, hoever, arc entertained that it will not be a longcontinued scourge; for, on exatnining the records, it appears a similar and equally exten sive disease prevailed with the vines about two centuries since, whtich, after gtreat injunry to seve ral successive vintages, passed off without leav ing any permanenit injury to the cultivation of the grape. In the mean time the price of wine has advanced very greatly; the commoner kinds fully threefold, the finer qualities not in the same ratio. The price must advance proportionably in the United States, where French wines will rule very high during the next year. This war, however, if it continues, must very soon seriously affect the industrial interests of the country in various ways. The enormous foreign expenditure which is utavoidable in con ducting such a war at a distant point, and on foreign territory, will, make itself felt in the monetary affairs of the nation, and with still greater force in Engh:.nd, where their commer cial and financial systems are much more artifi cial and gaseous than in this country. The specie basis here is so very large that a suspen sion is improbable: but not so in England, where a panic and a run on the bank may be readily produced by outoward events, or by the course of trade and their present heavy foreign outlay, which is already dimitnishing the specie in the bank, notwithstanding the continued and havy influx of it from America and Australia.. Both nations, also, must eventually resort to loans of large'amounts to furnish " the sinews of war." Heavy, very heavy clouds now rest on the European future. PRINCIPLES OF THE KNOW NOTHINGS. As the discussion of this mysterious subject has at length reached Congress, and has there fore become a matter of general interest, we copy the following declaration of principles from the " American Organ," published at Wash ington City, and which assumes to be the ex ponent of the Order in the United States: OUR PRINCIPLES. First. We shall advocate a repeal of the laws of naturalization, or if that cannot.be ac complished then such a modification of those laws, as will prevent future immigrants from becoming citizens, short of a residence of twen ty-one years, after taking the oath of allegiance to the United States, and of abjuration of all othei powers, potentates, and princes. Second. We shall advocate the passage of a stringent law by Congress to prevent the immi gration hither of foreigners, who are either pau pers or criminals, and to send back to the coun tries from which they come, all -such foreigners of these elasises as may, in violation of such law, hereafter reach our ports ; and to require the President of the United States to demand from any government, which may send hither sucli.classes of its subjects, immediate and an ple satisfaction for such outrage, and a proper indemnity against the repetition thereof. Third. We shall oppose the election or ap pointment of any foreign-bern citizen to any office of trust, honor or emolument, under the Federal or State governments, or the employ ment or enlistment of such persons in the army or navy in time of war; maintaining, as we do the opinion, that the natice-born citizens of the United States have the right to govern the land of their birth;-and that all immigrants from abroad should be content with the enjoyment of lire, liberty aid property under our institutions, without seeking to participate in the enaction, administration,-or execution of our laws. Fourth. We shall advocate and urge the adoption of such an amended form, of an oath to support the Constitution of the United States, and to be administered to all persons elected or appointed to any office of trust, honor, or emo lument, under the Federal or State governments, is will effectually exclude from such offices all persons, who shall not directly and explicily recognise the obligations and binding force of the Constitution of the United States, as para mount to all obligations of adhesion or allegi ince to any foreign prince, power, potentate, or athority whatever, under any and all circum tances. Fifih. We shall maintain the doctrine that rio one of the States of this Union has the right to admit to the enjoyment of free sifrage any erson of foreign birth, who has not beeifirst rade a citizen of the United States, agcordingw to the "uniforn rule" of naturalization prescrib Ad by Cengress, under the provi.sions of-the :onstitution. Sixih. We shall oppose now and here after, my "union of Church and State," no mat ter 'hat class of religionists shall seek to bring bout such union. Serenth. We shall vigorously maintain the :sted rights of all persons, of native orforeign irth, and shall at all tines oppose the slightest I nterference with such vested rights. i Eighth. We shall oppose and protest against 711 abridgment of religious liberty, holding it as 1 i cardinal maxim, that religions faith is a ques- I ion between each individual and his God, and 1 avcr which no political government, or, other uman power, can rightfully exercise any super rision nr control, at anly time: ill aiy place, or in my form. Ninth. We shall oppose all " higher law" loctrines, by which the constitution is to be set it nought, violated, or diiregarded, whether by politicians, by religionists, or by the adherents r followers of either, or by aiiy other class of persons. Tenth. We shall maintain and defend the :onstitution as it stands, the Union as it exists, iid the rights of the States, without diminu tion as guaranteed the:-eby: opposing at all Limes, and to the extent of our ability and in luence, all who may assail them, or either of them.I Elerenth. 'We shall oppose no man, and sus ain no man, on the ground of his opposition to, o'r his support of, Demoeratic measures, or Whig measures ; but we shill oppose those who ppose our doctrines, and sustain those who sustain our doctrines. Twelfih. And lastly, we shall use our ut most exertions to build up an " American par. y,"' whose maxim shall be: Americans shall rule their country ! MECHAxicS OUT OF EarrLo.-A reporter of the New-York Herald, furnished an estimate which appears in that journal of Monday last, setting forth the number of mechanics, of the various classes, now out of employment in the ity of New-York, as follows: " 7,000 tailors and tailoresses ; 1500 cabinet mkers, upholsterers, &c.; 500 printers; 150 stereotypers; 450 book-binders, folders and titchers; 400 shoe-nmakers; 200 house carpen ters; 700 ship carpenters; 500 rope makers, block makers, riggers, &c.; 200 plasterers; 600 plumbers; 250 umbrella makers, and 300 hat ers-making a total of .15,450. Since the Foregoing estimate was ma~de we learn from varn us telegraphic dlespatches that a multitude of ither mechanics have been discharged, and that everal thousand more have been notified that hey will be dismissed to-day." SANTA ANNA AND THE POrULAR VOTE. Santa Anna has resorted to the plan of Louis apoleon with the object of aseertaining the iegree of popularity lie enjoys among the peo rle. According to a special proclamation,books ire ordered to be opened throughout the repub. *ie., on the 1st of December in which voters are to inscribe their wishes whether the present ex traordinary powers held by Santa Anna, shall be continued to him. One book is provided for those who desire to inscribe an affirmative, and nother for the negatives. The voter must write his name with his own hand, in the pres nee of an officer of the govetnment; and if he votes against continuing the power with Santa Anna, lie is required to state who it is he would prefer. Other formalities are prescribed to make it more complicated; but it is evident that the whole voting is to be done under the intimidation of the governmlent, and that the result will be exactly what Santa Anna desires, and that the only effect of the inscription will be to furnish him with a list of his most decided opponents.-Exchange paper. gr, EDDIUND LAFAYETTE, the grand son of Gen. Lafayette, and the only lipeal descendant of the illustrious deceased, is now~ in Washing ton. On Wednesday lhe visited the two Houses of Congress and was introduced to members and others. After making a tor- of the South he will return to France. WVas is a chicken's neck like the French Em peror i Beas it is a bny nart THE GRAIN TRADE OF CHICAGo.-This trade has incroased s. largely itat it has outstripped all calculatLins herptofore mnade by shippers and warehouse-men. Althotgh there are: many ex tensive warehouse, some of them hglding 100, 000 bushels of grain, the whole fiet of -vessels have not been able to keep them fromn being overcrowded. Messrs. Munger a Armour,.and 3 the Messrs. Gibbs & Griffith, are taken measurs ( by the erection of immense warehouses, to do very extensive grain business hereafter. Their foundations are already laid. Messrs. Munger & Armour's will hold from 300,000 to 400,000 bushels of grain. The other will be capable of elevating 23,000 bushels of grain ii an -hour. Both will be operated by powerful steam en gines. The Chicago Tribune says:-" The con veniences for loading and unloading cars, eanst boats, and lake vessels with facility at these es tablishments, will be unsur. assed in thiscouin try. This should be the case, for the numerotts railroads recently constructed from Chicago in all directions, together with the .Illinois and Michigan Canal, make our city the outlet and market for one of the richest grain regidns a the world." ONE of the most brutal prize-fights on record took place on the 10th of November, in Nevada, California, between two pulgilists, named Fitze rald and Kelly, in presence of a great concourse of spectaters. An account of the ahfiir in -the Sacramento Union says: Towards the last it was impossible foret. ly's friends to wash the blood from his face-in time, and his eyes were so badly swollen that he was perfectly blind, but being much the strong est man, he thought he could catch Fitzgerald and hold him up until he would win the prizp. The eighteenth round Kelly received such a se vere blow that he did not come too in titne, and: his friends took him from the ring. He is very badly hurt, his face being pounded to a complete jelly. The fight lasted about twenty-five min utes. It was denounced by all witnesses to be a most bloody and revolting spectacle. Imme; diately after the fight the sheriff arrested both parties." AMERICAN VOLUNTEEHS FOR THE RUSSIAN SERVICE.-Mr. Rosevelt,.a lawyer of New York, whQ sailed in the Bultic last week, en route for' St. Petersburg, it is said, is to be raised to a Generalship in the Russian army. Several other Americans, it is reported, went out in the Baltic to proceed to Russia. The N. Y. Sun says: " Mr. Rosevelt has been engaged for the last two months in sketching the plan and calculat ing the costs of a campaign-all of which are reduced to paper, and capable of being rolled up into a compass sufficiently small to enable him to secrete it on his person without fear of detection. There are several persons of stand ing in thi ,city who are familiar with the plans, having got their information frnn Mr. Rosevelt. They state that it is' ihe intention of the Czar, in the spring, to open tlie campaign on the most formidable foundatioc, qidto oarr, the war-int-q Groit P'ritain itself." '" ~ 4 Gr.E1-T DAY.-Who says there is no jus. 'ice in New Orleans? Yesterday, W. H. Wilder, rormerly a representative to the State Legisla. ure from this city, ex-Alderman and ex-County Land Agent, was tried and convicted of frau'd >n the pension office-a conviction that will con sign him to ten years imprisonment, if they catch im ; for after the verdict, he succeeded in cqeap ng from the deputy marshal. John Melvin, an Irishman, aged about fifty, rrey-lheaded and infirm, was convicted of the aw rol crime of having murdered a young woman anmed Bridget Russel, and will be hung. The 3vidence of his guilt was overwhelming, and eft not a doubt. Jean Bodart, a Frenchman. was convicted of nanslaughter, in having killed Valere Menin last February, in a quarrel about a pienyune on St. 3harles street. Two murder trials, and both resulting in con iction-and all done up in six hours-is what night be called summary justice. In the North Sgenerally takes two or three days to try a mur er. We are a little faster here in New Orleans. rhere arc two more murders being tried to-day before the First District Court.-N. 0. Delta, 19th ult. A SOLDIER's FEELING 1N THlE fIDST OF BAT rLE.-A lettcr from a private soldiers says: ' The bullets of the Minie rifle go past you with i most infernal sound. It's as though mockin :levils were sneering at you in ihe air. But your blood soon gets up, the sound madldens you, the smell of gunpowderhams intoxication in it, your veins tighten as if fire was running through them, the eyes strain, the jaws become rigid, and in you go." He states that ho lost himself altogether at the Alma, and lie found himself a victor. He got a wound on the fore head, only a graze, but it bled considerably--" the blood ran down into his mouth, and in his burn ing excitement he drink it ds though it had been inspiring wine." THE FonLONE H~oPE.-The editor of the Newv York Courier. wvho hass recently returned from Europe, says that the 93d Highlanders, the regi ment which received and repulsed the charge of Russian cavalry with such admirable coolness on the 25th of October, has volunteered to lead the storming party when the breachers are open ed at Sebastopol. Probably not one of the gal ant fellows will live to know whether the attack is successful or not. COLOxEL STEI'fOE, the new Governor of the Niormons, is said to be a conscientious, mild dis positioned man, of the Episcopal faith, and a ziember of that church. The government ex peets no difficulty, and thinks it, about certain tat on his arrival at Utah, Brigham Young will receive a despatch from Heaven requesting him to resign, whereupon, it is supposed, he will re sign, being content for the rest of his life with the dignity of high priest among the saints. gg" AN old Cavalry Officer in England pro poses an easy way of raising $3,000,000 a year to supply twenty additional cavalry regiments ror the present wvar, viz: By confiscating the revenues wvasted on bishops, deans and chapters. The old reprobate thinks, no doubt, that it is very inconsistent to have preaching and praying, at home, while engaged in such a wvork of slaughter abroad. GLENN'S SPRING.-We are gratified to learn (says the Spartanburg Express,) that Glenn's Spring has been purchased to be opened again, we presume as a watering place, and the Female High School which has been in operatioji titere for a year will be removed to the town of Spar. trnburg. We have no doubt this arrangement will be beneficial to all the parties concerned and highly gratifying to the public generally. Invalids and pleasure seekers wvill again have tneir favorite summer resort opened to them. THERE were 60 ships built in Boston and vi inity during the present year, embracing in all, c2,147 tons, and at a cost of $4,681,655. A new cent coin will soon be issued from the Philadelphia mint. It is said they are smaller than the present coin, and more highly finished. BAREFACED FALsEHooDS.-Fibbs told by the ladie in the present style of bonnets.