University of South Carolina Libraries
-I $Aj "7 4 % j *%A * - -- . --- -I -'-I - - t - - - - W. F. DURISOEg' roprietor.nhEDGEFIELcS.CEBE27n153 .rA. K. CIA, IV 4i' -411 THE EDGEFIELD ADVERTIEER IS PtIBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY BY W. F. DURIS0E, Proprietor. ARTHUR SIMKINS, Editor. TE RMS. T wo Dor.I.ARS per year, if paid in advince-Twr tibLt..iS anl FiFTY CENrs if not paid within si tianiths-and TinrEE DoL.,AtS if iot paid before thi expiration of the year. All subyiptions not distint ly linited at the time of sub.aril'itig, will he consid ed am mavle for an indefinite period, anti nill be con tinued until all arrearages are pail, or at the optior of the Publisher. Snytocriptions from other Statei must invariably be accompanied with the cash o ;ereice to sone one known to us. AvEnrTISEMENTS Will he conspi'uously insertet at 75 cent; per Sqitare (1-2 lines or less) fur the firs insertion, aid 37 ceit for each suhsequent insertion NVhuen only published 31iilly or Quarterly $1, pe qi:ire tvill he charged'. All Advertis.tements no havinig tie deired ninub'er of inertions marked on th4 margin. will be continued until forbid and charget aeordinIy. those desiring to n lverti'se by the year can do so oi iheral terms-it being distinily ndnderstood that con racts fo'r yearly adveriistig are confine to the inine diate, legitiiate bt-iness of the firm or iniiidua contractitg. Trawit-ent Atertisements imust be it for in advance. For annoincing a Canlidate, Three Dollar", ii adr~ace. For Atlverlii:ig Etrays Tilled,Two Dollars, to be said lby tie Magitrate advertising. GOVERNOR'S DMESSA'GE, Gentleien of the Senute an.l Jose of Rj)resentatics Allow me to congrattulate you upon as semibling again, under the most auspicious circumstances, to legi.late upon the afhiorsu of South C arolina, and iy the elactimenlt of new laws, and the esttalijsj:nent of fresh precedients for her future government, to proumole her morn. and social welfare, im prove and develop her interinal resources, an.1 to increase her com) nrcial and poiliti C.d inporltanlce atmon ntighboring St.ttts Vhlilt the Consatitution, tinder whoe pro. visions you are here assemlibled, imliposes upon you that hi"hest of all Social resplnsibbilities, the task to provide for the welfire of ti people of the cornnonwealth, upon me de. volves the subordlinate oblig-ition to lay before you, from titae to time, inf'oriation of its Condition, and to miake such recoin maeidations as I shall judge necessary and expedient. The absence of a comprehen. ive political experience enabies tme but mperfectly to me.t all the requirenieits of u n inviting, thtrefore, your t o the, reeotwivendatiioas which t' eu"; apd for tlie'ast that irdetarinde by t1he'wiAti of the State, a smier reihalef - aniot.e' placed than in that patriotistn aid - talihieined wlew of puliet piicy, whieli, under all eireanstaices, einher in peace- or itt times (if trial, h.ve characterized your hegislatiotn. 'IThe 'vear which is past has been o'ne of sigmid prosperity to the State. Not only has it been chatar:telized v all tinusial degree of health, but evierv depau titieit of indstitry 'Exists in a conditioi of thlrift and prosp rity. Although the growers of cotton are not reaping as la rge a yield for their labor as fhev at one ei tod anticipated, yet the pre sent fair price for tht-ir "taple an1d a coin. parative freefmin fron debt place the plan ters inl a cl'iditioii of greater independence thatn they hiave enjoyed at any previous time. T[ieir proper.ty, both real antd paer'son .aI, is greatly increaesed itn value, atnd fr-esh sou ee of evenuie aure opented to them, 1by, eneans ofetnniuunicattioni with the nmetropobi: ;tnd othe: matrket towns. Improved made of -tiliage anod the importationi frotm ab'ro.. of' tertilizrs forz their lands, are adding enel year larttamouatts to the income of the State, anditare fast laying tihe f'oundaliti o a steady imnrovem~ent and perm:ient wealth Jf posaible the results of the year's laibo amotng theide-water planters are ev'et min fhttering. TIhe seaisoni has been free ft or -flood or' uuual gales, and the sumnn raitns have p.eed at their disposal am abin -datnce of fr'es.water for the luxuriant growil ot the g' aim. Then harvest has been heav) ad the high l'ees which their graitn cro at presetnt com ands, make it the .mos pirosperous5 of' at the agricultural interest uf the State-ainideed it usually' is ini th absenice of' tho~st calamtities which someo timeis affeict it. I additi to these fact in this summal~ry I' thie conditiion oft th State, the City ~ofal'et stn, exempt asi ha~s been durinig the:mmzter' fromn evet y sor of epidetie, an'd I-settling in its bills mortility at conditto-of health which wi co mp areW ' fa o a le A th se of any cit mneree poured'( itot heip1, which she hat niever before recesived:loth the dotmesti and foreign imoportatto inuto the city hav .b-cen uniusually large, an ales hav'e alread been eff'ectedl t) an exitneatrly aus great in the enttire busimess sea. of other year Railroads leadiug inito the .'rior, and it regiotnslbeyond the State l'ts, w hich has hithierto beent in the prog'. of' constru, lion, are now performtting th proper ftn, tions, atnd coniferring their exited benefit Tids, together with the grea.hh1 of tl cityi, has brought to her mtta k. nea v ~aluatble customers, and the <h"tIereatsit fa.cilities by rail, to points still it distar will, at no remiote period, connithe pr1 senit cotinesit' of' thel city' into thiore e tenidetd limit-s of a greait muetropohil -The subjects to which I shall cay c. your atttentiont, are the finance4' State; tho coniditioni of the Blusid Ratilroa~d enterp'rise, popuOlair edlucatim subjects c-onnectedi therewith, the coi, of the Asylum l'or the insanie, the co% titan of a new Ctapitol, the question o1. d-ary betveenu Georg it and Sotuth Ca *the lawvs r'ega rding c.olor'ed ,seamnen, e p~ f the .artkices of the conisular ei t on be~weni the Governmentt of the 5tites aud his Maijesty the Emperor ~ leevith submit to you ait absL tbe coditietL of the. inances of the toggther with a statement of the condition of the Bank of the State on the 1st Octo .A4 1er, which is the end of the fiscal year. For that period, the result of its operations can not be otherwise than satisfactory. The profits of the bank during the year have amounted to $330,000, exceeding the profits of the previous year $21,594.93. From these profits have been paid the in. terest on the fire loan debt, $100,503, and the balance carried to the sinking fund amounts to $220,037. The account ex k hibits a larger balance than usual ; but the bank-has advanced to contractors for arms, r &c., about $51,Q00, which is a set.off against this balance. Ilie sum of 875,500 ihas also been advanced to the Greenville Railroad Company, which is the amount of assessieit on the stock held by the State in that Company, and which, if paid by the State, % ill make a further reduction of the cash balance in the treasury. The bank holds he notes of the company, with se eut ity, for the amounts oi the advance. The funded debt due by the State, on the 1st October, considted of: 5 per cent. fire loan bonds, payable in ,Lnon. 'S and '.... .......$937,777 78 6 per cent. fire loan stoek, payable '60 :od '70..................... 805,590 15 6 per cent. of 1b39, (b-alanee pa-t due nut bearing intere-t.).............8,418 30 5 pir cent. I8:'S, balance......... 45,214 314 3 per c -it. at nominal value.$1I7,4t8 40, but at market jrice wvuld ain't. to 73,986 19 $1,870,986 76 The treasury has paid from the sinking fund since 1st October, $6.023.50 of the 6 per cents. of 1839, reducina the balance to 52,385.80. The baik also holds of the 5 ner ceit. stock of 1838 the sum of 6,411. 53 of the 3 per cents., which was purchased with the sunt of $1,668.16. The amount of indebtedness is diminihed by these sev eral payments and purchases. The assets of the State consist of the bank and vtious railroad stocks. The assets under the charge of the bank may be sutmmtarily set down as follows: Tutal tunds in the bank, as exhibited by the annuid statemnent Ist Oct., $7,919,932 49 Deduct batik liabilitie., issuc de posits, &C.................... 4,06,590 22 Balance-, b- ing aets, the property of thetstate......................$3,P33,342 27 South Garolina H. R. and bank rtock, 61,0(10 00) Greenville Rairoadt Conpany...... 348,000 00 Wilmntgton and Manchebter Ra Iroad Comttpany .. - -- Chi Lau. stoek i,. . i..1awg the assets of thie State, 4 is'necessary to notice this debt in ant estimate of her inances. The item of ,51,000 advanced to co'i tractors far supplying arni under c-)ntraets made by the late Board of Ordinance, pre vious to its abolishment at the last Eession. was paid by the Bank upon a reprez.tota tion of the facts of the case from this de. The late Board of Ordinance was em powered, tnder the act providing for the military defence of the State, pased in 1851, to make contracts for arma and muni. tiotn of war to the extort of -6300,000. The board, during its exi-.ence, mtade contracts to the full extetnt of the a ppropriation ; anid all moneyvs tIne contractors were drawn by orders irom the Executive upon the Trea ;..rv. In enteritng upon the dischtarge of the duties of my office, I found the balance of 551,000 still dlue, and all of the conitracts fulfilled according to stipulations. I ae Icor dmgly gave a draft upon the Treasurer for apotin of the amount still due ; but - thtat otlier did not regatrd himself authorized hy law to pay the draft, as no especial au thmtity had been given to the Executive to - draw funds for this purpose after the Ord mance Board had beeni abolished. Under these circumstamnces, I piresented the matter to the consideration of the President of the Batnk, and advised the paymnent of these sums by the Batik, itt order to avoid the injury which would inevitably result to a por ~tioni of the contractors with theo State, . ad great embarrassnwnt to all of them. , Ihe P residenit, with htis accustomed liber eI alitty of views, at oniceacceded to my wish. tes, and by his timely relief prevetnted mucht tdistress, if tiot positive rut, to deserving f ndivitduals, who haid been fostered into I existence by the State as manufacturers ol f arims. I trust that the course which ham .been pursued will meet with the approval of Sthe Legislature. I By the act of incorporation of the Blut SRidge Railroad Comtpatny, passed by the Y last General Assembly, the guaranttee of the s State upon the bonds of the Comuptiny, te . the etn of $1,250,0)00 was secured, upot otefollowing conditionis: First, that $500, e 000 should be previously suoscribed to th< capital stock of the said Blue Ridge Rail road Conjpany in South Carolinia, by res s-ponisible persotns, comtpatnies or corp~ora li tions. Secotndly, that such subscriptioti dshould be made, or aid furtnishied to th< SRailroad Companmies ini North Carolina anm it, T'lennessee, designed to. connect, with tha - portion of the Road lying in this State, a C- wotild give reasontable assurance of th construction of the said .North Carolina an 1l Tennessee Roads. Tlhiese coniditions hay t been complied wvith. T1he City of Chaarles e totn has subscribed $500,000) to that portioi d of the Road lyinig within this State ; an' )t Messrs. Atsoni Bangs atnd Co. have cor e-tracted for the conistruction of the enitir ii Road, front Anidersont, in this State,t a, Knoxv ile, in Teninessee, which renders th I conntectti not ottly reaisoniably assure< but as certatin as any enterprise of such a 1exteut can tbe; .By the termis of this agret ml i mt theiscontractors are toreceive ini payi menut oeirfin-cash, and the other halfi at cpital stock- aii~rtgaged hiottds.dif ,th Stat0mpany3 By tlis luodd of pdynlent th ultimate estimated co4 or the Road is brought much more nea;ly within the scope of the resources of the Company than is usual in enterprises of such magnitude. At rates agreed upon with contractors, the entire cost of the Road, from Anderson to Knoxville in Tennessee, together with ne. cessary appertenances, including interest accruing upon the bonds of theTompany until the completion of the Road, will amount to the sun of about $7,500,000. To meet this outlay, -the Company estimate their resources as follows, viz: Subsetiption by the city of Charleston to the Blue itidge It; R. in So. Caro'inat $500,000 Subscription by the same to iNue Ridge Railroadl in Georgia................ 549,000 Subscription of Knoxville and Chareston Railroad Company................ 500.000 Other subscriptions, estnated at ....... .-.1,000 State endurvenitnt of bonds of: lie etn'py. 1,250,000 E1itiated amount of stock and bronds to be issu'l to .M-%ss. Bamns & Co., being one-half of $7,500,000........ 3,750,000 $.,700,000 It will thus be seen that the means of the company will fall short of the estimated cost of the work about $.0,000. This enterprise is undoubtedly the wisest and the greatest which has ever been pro. jected in this State, and the ultimate reslis will be as beneficial to her interest, propor. tionably, as the great western lines of road to New York, or the Bahimore and Ohio Railroad now are to each of those cities re spectively, and commenced under circun stances mouch more favorable to its comtiple tion. It is a more important measure than the proposed Charleston, Louisville and Cii cinnati Railroad, because it is a* shortor route, embracing all the advantages of the other, and is less liable to the diversions of trado from the valleys beyond the Allegia lies, owing to its peculiar location. By an arrangement shortly to be consmmated, the charters granted in Georgia, North C:arnlin: and Tennessee, will have all their privileges ceded to the Blue Ridge Rai!road Company in South Carolina, so that the latter named corporation will exercise entire control over the affiirs of the whole line of road. Bysthis it will be seen that all means have been adopted to give security to wvhatever capital the State, or citizens within the State, may contribute to this great work, by conflning he control of its' affairs altogether within our own borders. To perpetuate thirs such a thighway of trade a:td travel through the State will exercise a great influence upon her internal prosperity. .The improvement of the tipper portiois of the State-the increase in the value of property -the may incrensed facilities it will glV for commerce-the employment of their ia bor in construction -the expe. ,iiture of _ums among th-m for -vaterial and mu t.$d skill--and t.e increased vale that will be P;een tu stock in railroad companies -'..-eady ilt exitence, in which the State al-so is largely interested-are considerations which must inflence your eahn judgment to promote by every safe and judicious meansi the successful accomplishment of this great work. By the communicntion which wvas estab lished by the charter between this depart tent and the Blue Ridge Ratilroad Conpa ny. [ have beetn enabled to) ascertain, that by the terms of contract between Messrs. B~angs & Co., the work was to bo commenced on the first of this month-and that a large por. tioni of the surveys are comp! 'ted, and fonmd to piresent fewer obstacles thana was at first suposed. A location has been made for tun nelli ig the Blue R(idgze, and work allotted to contractors,-that their preliminary arrange ments are in .a state of forwardness,-thait the Districts through which the Rioad will pass in this State will abundantly suplly all the necessary labjor,-that the citizens both in this State and beyond it have wvith extra ordnary unanimity ceeded the right of way~ without compensaion,-and( that every cir cumstantce tends favorably to atn early and thorough completion of this enterpri. e wichs was projected by the President and Copny with so mouch piati imtismt atnd zeal. ad prosecuted with such sigaml industry and ability. 1 have thus laid before you at some length but as briefly as possible, all the facts in muy possession with regard to the condition o the Bluec Ridge Rtailroad enterprise. I noui recomend that the State subscribe to thu capit.d Etock of the companly thesu 750,000, in order to put the enterprise 1)e vond the reach of ordinary reverses, and ii this wa~y to secure to the citizens residing ii this State the control of a majority of tIl stock of the Company, in referonce to thi contingencies wvhich tmay frequently arise where tradle and commtferce are to be con trolled for our benuefit. Nor would such . top be unusual or partial, since the Legis laturo has tnot otnly extended important ait to railroads cottstructed entirely within th State, but to roadis which have been project Ied beyond its limits, as in the case of th tCharleston, Louisville and Cincinnati Rail Sroad, and in the W ihnington and Manches ter Railroad. T'he endorsement of the bond IIof the Blue Ridge Railroad Company catnnt be regarded as a stupseription, for it is totall . dissimilar in its character, and far less bemt ficial in its operation. In the one case th I State becomes a copartner, and risks he .capital, and awaits the distant returns of dii e idends ; in the latter caso she simply make a herself as an endorser, atnd taikes the fir: a mortgage on the property of' the stockhoh ers to secure herself against the possibil t a of loss. SUnidoubtedly' the most important measut -whih I shall bring to your consideration ti the refortmation of the present system e public instructiomn i.t the State. .. Ir..a has b~n rroen~etly stated educatle is the cheap-dei, t nai#nas; and the per manence of reli n' irisitions l.epeids upon the enligh te fo theii'itizens, you have buti little a forhe prosperity and and happiness j .uw e oy. Education has been provid t i --is'aim ut fror one class of th which is the wealthy Jle and poorer classes othing, since n- org-. ad ted - for that ' oprinted seventy a .*, ally to Free & ode of the proC: Ur gene rosity w The fei who are - pense in those ex stitations, the Arser form a. most the - h pf this remirk. ,ober m: stitntions College and the - s already conferre. - In it h-te het - ry. most of the ch:- -. Caroli na, and utatioti far schol . ther- are knowled ibly felt each sue - receive, as every .' of your care an theve is vantin, . .wich will edu mber,tlxe youth 0e pop 'blation. nosynary proffer anomice Ink re'~ceive it m aketi without rathera fountai tbeyiy freely r boo[ form and by betiu. the ele the YQut.. of the ;,o tastos. means irsue tho. other -h Will lea tIlin -' - t a wider the asis o. the CY he-Stute 6 lai i.-- I ill aalerd that .ary for the supj not.b 'lne '-a 4i l (llous n.W4er,. tiC -r - onc reiverp not red that the Ilacp~riod go, and still -~ 0 a.' Ssea - uclitin ot the~ char '.-i commferce',II With .1. with your ta chill hd lands, lh are, -ne e, rlid I~. m~S~ ners A -.ruction, ir anyw WeI.. !-A directly by your .;J your agenti. ret iAthment of a r illtment or a Co. - di ci~'ous this orat ielyfo u:o . :eeuI1it asrev drpr h areu rcims seru - rseso asba nis'inss your . yuwllgv upon,~~r tenin son, .a )rio t ape - ~ . ol epr -lette: -owldg wi . - -''e n hc i th t . t an - -. a he-en of - dctina yo.* oudoti un'... *f5wh h. fre .:. squn x eni. : : ainutli t h . ..'c iiy a peset~beo y ,'- Ar ien ot mut "nd mot ofthe d thi, ag stil neto of dqte wth our a- ra -e'A.d , h mavamagegan at sne -present moumeu speciallygwen th rapid advancernent o ciene growing o.o tbe daily develop ient-of nev tratLisgfuifsimore multifarioti Ini --plexp i edoi sof investigation, the sppliaces. ressarynI a thorough syster )f edcation and illustration have become se iumerous and expensive, as to be entirely )eyond the lifiiited resources of a Faculty :ependant- 6poin the. fees of the students foi ieir inadequa compensation, Tbi.natura ear and teai 'f property and of their means )f illustratibwir command, impose an addi. jional bprdenr4upon -the Professors, which hey cnnot well sustain. I hei-eiith present a meinorial from the he Medical College of the Stte of Souti Darolina, which setsforth more in detail the iecessity for an appeal for State aid; noi inly for reasons already given, but for oth rs which are therein clearly anti forcibl% stated. Not the least important among theni s a necessity for the repairs of their edifice, ind increasing its convenience by enlarge nent. I cordially recommend an appropri ttion for the required aid. The State makes provision annually for the-education of one of the youth from the Dharleston Orphin ilous, to: be selected sy the ConiuIisiorierr. - This liberality on your part has already been extended to sev. ral young gentlemen, wihose subsequent ad, anceient and usefuness.it, lire have proven te wisdon of your betilietion. Througi 2ie the commissioners iow- ask that provisiorn ay be made by y'o for the education ol inother youth upon the same conditions at n the other case. I take great pleasure in idding my recommendation to their request. Jshall now proceed to lay before you v iihject which will engage your judttment, I. n:. . -: :,3 0a crity Wn o toMake othei . s-airs of life. Ainoig all itions the peirformanne of this latter* obli tion is regarded as the highest evidence )f enlightenment and :'ivilization. Thoki vrho are selected by theii fellow-men by rea on of their superiority. of intellect to pro ride for all their social and political wants, - - n n-t rezard ablisine lt LiAO - - matients more amply provided for: anla vole system, as formerly adopted in the Bietre and Salpetriere, where the insane 6vere regarded as condemned felons or brutes, aas superseded by a innre gentle and hu nne treatment. 'But since that period, hilst this institution, from the character o he building erected for the accommodation f patients, together with its unfavorable ocation and the limited extent of the groundi 1out it, has from necessity remained st: ionary, others, both in this country and in Europe, have lert -it far behind in the im rovements which science and experience iave suggested ; and they now present us i turn exampl-s from wh'lich our own sys temn can be greatly aimended. I have made it a portion of my pubbei uty to examine into the conditionu of the State Asylum for lunatics, and the result I1 my observation has been to recommend t' you a thorough cag from all the preset arrangements. Provision is made only foi 120 patients--against about 400 lunatiece which ore estinmated as the niumber in the State. The accomnmodations, therefore, ar< too small ; and the duties of legislation upor this subject will be but imperfectly dis charged as long as there remains a singl lunatic within her limits unprovided for. The situation is within tho corporate limit: of the towvn of Columbia, exposing the in mates, without the possibility of avoidin; the diffieulty, to all the noise and husth w'iih pr.evails i i a city, thus defe~ating verj often all the regulations' for their perfect re pose by tihe Physician and Superintendent A locationm in the country, surrounded by farm and gardens, wvith other convenience of air and exercise, are regarded as indis pensable to a proper treaitment of mialadie of the mind. These advantatges cannot ba had in its present position, nor can ther ever be a sufficient increase of accommoda ion from the limited extent of the grounds as will meet with the present wants, stil less for those in the future. The construction of the edifico is alIc gether defective. The population within nr so thrown together as to pirevenlt any thin like a classitiention of the patients. TIh refined and sensitive, more alive perhaps t uncongenial associationls, thati persouis< sound mind, are from necessity made to at sociato to some extent w~ith thouse wvho~ b their misfortunes have descenlded td the 1ev et thoughts and habits poss5ible3 for hunia beings; so that from this cause many p. tients of the former class are under the na cessity of being provided for by their frient without tihe State, in ills:itutionls which al more judiciously arranged. The basemen whlich was intenided for patienlts of at certal description, and which is perhaps one of ti most important portions of the structur from its excessive dlampness arnd wvreteh< veitilationi is totally unfitted for hab~itatio The dormitories also, or rather cells, I they can hardly be dignified with a nan implying conivenlienlce and comfort, are I large enough for ai persotn ill health, still Ie are they adapted to a class who, from or of the peculiarities of their disease, regni a greater amount of pure air. Theird mensions are six feet by eight, and ten fe in height, affording only 384 cubic feet ar, wvhich liy persons scietntifically and pra itay acnnainlted with the treatweaut of F half .nobgh. -l -From ths-conalned-limits of.hig~ i and theinecessity for frish' ase i for thi.sinmates of the A lan erInisto I is given for a portion of then to 4 kon the public highwV.and in the streets uder careful restrCtionsw but. such, liberty.has always been .ittod ed with reatals 'so- on pleasant and ,fn '''i -s, thatthe authorities l have jee Core limit their movementiitoli circumscribed coutts of a single acre o ground, where 170patients are assembled, and so shut in by building and wall as al most to exclude'fronW the pure air 4. .heaven, and le6f .-A its blue skyn The iossiation'bas %en aged, -nmy opinion, with greAt judgrient and ability I believe that no-body of-Regents in any Asy lum are more able br enlightened in their views than those who preside over the affairs of this. I believe them to.be aneti nd be. nevolent in the discharge oflbeidi est So alsio with.the Physician and Sa ii derit.:They make the best use of and pnces which are -aff . -~ Btdrmore favo rable legislatia 1 han'dsttiey can aciieve more. It is an as I cert-ained 1athat in' a properly constructed building; itd.in the country, with sffi cient area ground aboqt it and othe'ad vantages knpw n -to scientific men; the rate.~of cure is about fiftyto sixty per cent, Uder circumstanices. the reverse: of these, the rate. isonly about 22per cent Is not this ther San oicasioa forthe exercise orfodinp cent and liberal inter position 1 submit1o you, therefore, the prorietyI of removi gthe Asylum to some vnent ont and healthy country-l thej. town, and-give to the. in cosisiructed s'p'oir ,ne'we: pies, which-shall be'to and agreeable residone 30p, ness and health can bie ro per classifition' *ith -'van tages.-.E nabile ito an, the sky, and the 1p'rei tivad' froen the cultivatiin of -Is. and to'see nature id4ttr o ram-. Enable their gdardians W o take an interest lio sur -.-4 e objects, and insensibly t, !ini ' from tha contemplation cr ces of their own excite b\ b promoting. their Inno - * leasurer prevei t a situation better adapted t r- -- view. When such a building has been made ( to progress towards completion, the State can be refunded to the extent of a portion I of its outliy by the sale of the present Asy-. t lum property, which is valuable, and becom ig more so daily, with the increase in the value of real estate in the town. At your last session an appropiiation of Fifty-Thousand Dollars was made for the continuation of the construction of the new Capitol, and during the past year the work has progressed to an extent commensurate t ith the amounit appropriated. The plans t -have all been perfected by the skill of a1 e-isnpeteint architect, wh'lo has ailso the su pervision with the Comm~zission of the wvhole work. A mple and conveiiient arrangements are made fot all the departments of the State Goverument, and the building, when coin' pletedl, will be one of the most elegant, commodious and desirabile in the Union. Eiverv improvement which modern skill has devised has been incorporated iin the plans. The granite of which it is constructed is found in great abundance cnveient to the wvork. If completed upon the plans already determined upon, (at a cost in my judgment by no means unreasonable,) this edifiee will be fresh in its massive streiigth and beauty when many generations shall have passed awiay, and will remain for ages a monument of your taste, State pride, aiid liberality. I recommend such liberal appropriations as will warrant an active .. d energetic prose cution of the work, and insure its e- ny com-. pletioni. . At the last session of the Legislature, the s Governor, in connection with the Attorney e General, was directed to take such stepls to e Protect the rights and jurisdiction of South .Carolinai, in the controversy now pending between Georgia and this State, upon the subject of boundary, as they might deem niecessary. In conformity with these in structions, the Attorney General addressed a fuland able argument to his Excellency fulle Governor of Georgia, in reply to a comn munication from him to my immediate pre decessor, in whlich the rights of this State to the thread of the stream of the Savainnah River, following the most Northern branch :ms the true boundary between the States are clearly set forth. I am now confirmed mt the opiiuioii of the equity of this view of the case, since b~y examininig a certiied copy of the originah charter of 1732, and other re scords among the archives of this Sae fid the express language which this StateI eclaims to h~ave been used ini the orgnml t, charter, and utider which our title is urged. SThis State has a right to rely up)on thv e following as conclusive in the controversy : 1 1st, the wvords of the Georgia charter of n. 1732, as given by W~hitaker's Report in a1736 and half a century later by Watkins, seand a copy of the original charter, certified at by thme Lord Mayor ->t London, anld iiow s among the archives of this State ; 2d, the se convention of Beaufort in 1787; 3d, the re Constitution of Georgia in 1797, defituing i. her owvn boundaries. et T perceive by the late Message of His Ex of cellency Governor Cobb that he recommends to the Legislature of Georgia to subnitt thie questivi of bUndz agbetweed tl& States for anae mpen~ ~O.BD m 5, ~o~te id Ala rE this. In thelast Anniial-me iate p'sdieossor,- a jommun e d e itooumrega ai nith aviewtojt itdtdt s -f iorored seadfmito t e do C Lam 'tlad t& Imyvt1e~ 1I lMn then e -afand oER~ ,Iob, The Case of ereirWAS ti Docket of the Co' .of Ap '1a1C rCes on at the Januaye ren o , ireselyear, md was considd by Ibe'VGouz$) 11 ret used to hear ar o e me1it ie mse, and dism bit PereRa, han a ras (orpus o t a his iehalfO ^ the.case of.R - ab R t ateiitistitutedt a F came 4 upfr trial atnhe Sig' tCur, ~hrge the court sati ia~L h'lati, ad, 6 Ard efi Gii htAst eour he Altborn'Genera. was irmally ntide a the-ijpeal had been.abandoned, anil the ots'ofstupaidby thepaintik heqvalidity o fthe s th pon rnrt beeb fu vi t t.rnment a yte 61 A . . .., y a t oe ho t - 'xcellenee of her military disciplitie. MVien' ver any portion of her citizen so'idiery have ? reen called into active service, the arts which hey have aequired at borne have enabled - hem to wini a high reputation. -The same ecesity continues for an effective organi ation as has always existed. I invite your attention to the accompany ng commnicationl from the honorable tho' s'cretary of State of the Uniited States ~overinig a copy of tihe Consular Coiven ion between his Majesty the Emperor of he French and the government of the Jited States; and by tihe direction of.'thei reient of the United States, he requests ne to call your attention to tie 7th artic.le >f that instrument- and reeonmirends, i ynrsuane of existing laws French subject - ire not allowed to hold ream estate in South Carolina, that such right be con erred upon' them, I have' received a contf unicator from' uis Excellency J. H. Clifford, Governor of ltiassachusetts, conveying a copy of a re port and resolutions, adopted unanimously y thie Legislature of that commonwealth, in response to resolutions adopted by you at your last session, upon the subject of ti :eathis of Henry Cfay and Daniel Webster. n compliance with his request, I heirwith lay then before you. Gentlemnen of the Senate and Ihouse of Representatives, i:.tv laid before' yoti, iii as brief a manner as posible, such'ang"es lions as seemed to. me proper for fdiot sideration. I have omitted any di'Edsibn of Federal affairs, since it is wvell kyo\vn of . your views upon thlese subjects, that ad herence to the cardinal principles of $'tats Riglts,-to a strict construction of thii-$ Constitution,-to ai Ta~riff purely for reve nue,-to an economuical application of-th'e. inances of thue governnmnt, and above all.t'of a stern and- impartial admiinStration of ih4.. laws, and enufordement of all its cohstitu-~ tional obligations,'youi give your suippo'rfLo tie present distingui'shed head of the' nunti'in as a fair exponent of such principres, disre arding all local disputes, or contentos'fd he emoluments and spoils of ofitee. With regard to our internal affairs;,' would remark in general terms th~t it is wise to guard against excess of legislaiom. Those law's are best which are permanent and easily understood. Innovation ofted carries with it more of injury, than benefit ; and repeated changes tend to produce a certainl demoralization as to the force and obligation of law. Modificntions of it ardi fruently ndessaryf t supiy . the nog wants of a growing. country, but th~s'd should rather be specific than general,'sd'at not to threaten, still .less to. involve the de. struction of a system, which for genentiots' of men has worked happily and bedefienW. l. It is better to preserve that loo-of n'oderation wvhich .avoids the extreme, of a blind conservatism on the one side, and thd restless desire for change on the other. Permit me, gentlemen,,to invoke for your. deliberations the maid of that DIvine Powere hieli is at once the beginn~g stud the~p of human w~isdoni - 0.I$N TJ M