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--~~-. - * --. 4. We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our erJbilies, and it it must fall, we will Perish amidst the Ruins. W. F DURIMSOE, Proprietor. EDGEFIELD, S. DECEMBER 7, 1853. - THE EDGEFIELD ADVERTISER IS PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY BY W. F. DURISOE, Proprietor. ARTHUR SIMKINS, Editor. TE RM S. 'I'wo Dor.r.Ants per year, if paid in advance-Two blt.Rs and FIFTY CE:XTS if not paid within six hionths-anid Timne )oL.tAns if 111 paid before the -xpiration of the yenr. All ulbs/riptions not 1i tinet ly liiited at the time of stuiscriling. will be coroid ed am rnle far an indefiite period, atil nxill be con tiniued until all arrearages are J'aiil. or at the option of the Pnh!iher. Soilweripitioi from other States mnst invariably be accuinpanied with the cafh or efereice to soie owe knonti to ite. Aovi,:rizA:isteNTs Will he conspietously inserted at 75 es'- per Ssju:tre (1'1 liiest or lI-ss) fur the fir-t insertion, and 3t * cents fir ea '-m ser ln iistrtiomn Whe.n only pnliheil .3milnh'ly or Qu:rterly $1, per ttlirc vill be charil's. All Advert ineents not haing i l the dt-!ired ntnnher of int ertions markedtl on hte m:ir-in. will be con-iatued tiil forbid and charged 'hose desirin to ativertise liy the year can do soon iheral terms-it being distitsely nimNerstoid that col racts for yearly adverti'ing are colfineil 14o thet iilne diate, legizin.ate bu-ines of the firm or iniiidual coitracting. iminit Ad criettsvm tusztt be paid for inl adtvance. For armonneing a Canlidalte, Three Dollar!, in For .\rverti-i:,: 1>irays Ttlled, Two Dollars, to be said by the M:.itrate advertisitg. GOVERNOR'S PIESSA:GE. Gentlem-n of' the. Senatec andL 11.auIe of' Rcj,re-senatires : Allow tme to congrratilate you upotn as sembtlalintg :agatint, under the un'oet awupic0ius circu:ntances, to legi'late uponl tile affairs of South Carolha, and lbv the etnactitmetit of new laws, aid the eLtallihment of fresh precedetnts foir her future goverimieit, to promotoe her moral anid sociad welifare, iln prove and deveop her i:teril resonrees, *itn I to ilcraCse her com nercial :id pilhI. czd imtporiltance amtoung ti gjhbo: iug States andt nlations. Whiit the Con ttt, iolr whtoi e pro viions vont are her.e assemlt ed, ittmposeS upon you that hilhest of I' all social responsibilities, the task to provide for the wellare of the people of the C01ilii'on tweathh, u tpoi e de voilves the sithortdinate oblig:tion to hty beforte you. from tiv:e to littie, information of its contditir.n, and to make snteh recomti rutendantiotns as I shall judge niecessary and expedient. The absence of a compiehen live politieal experience eiahles tie but imperfcetly to mett all the requirementts of' - suchia duty. In inviriing, thet-refre, your -o-opertioiz to the recotngiendations which ~shdI make.- vor wu'jrm ai1 ar ' ill carry tinto-el'eet thosewhiuh ai'emdea .geous; and for the rest that is demnitdei by the wants of the Stlate, a saier relizttt caintot be plced thant inl that paIoulst aint. etillightened view of' publie pciie, which, uiler all circamnstimc.e-t, eitherinl peace or itn tites of tial, h.(ve character ized your legislation. Ie vear which is past hts beetn OnIe of Sigud prosi.erily to the State. Not only has it beett clane:telized I an uinousci zd dtgtee of health, but eve'y depantitienit of' induttr Iy <Exists in a eonidition of thrift and prosp rity. Although lthe growers (f cotton are tiol epitng is jige a yiell fior thitr labor as t a id aInticipated, vet the pIe -Vi~ at one j-ei I seNt fair price for teiir l-taple alid a Com-). partive freedumi fromt debt IieL the plant .tr inl a condition of' greater independeit-ce -tan they hav enj:yed at ay Irevious timte. Tlheir properi'ry, both real and( pier.son .al is greatly inucreazsed iin value, atid fresh siu ees5 of revettne are openied to) thteit, lby neatns of :ouui:itioni with the mtetr'opolt is anid otht' m:tn ket totwns. Imttprotved'i moides ot -til~age and the importationi fromt Arott..d of fe-rtiliz-rs hor their lands, arme addintg each I year largh amu'.tts a the incmeim of the State, antiare fast Iaying the fojundat ion of ti steady itrover;ientt and ptertmantnt wealth. Ii posibleC the iresults~ of the y-ea r's labor ainotig the-ide- water plantters are even: tae fhitteing~.. IThe seasonu hazs bietn free hfiom flood or' utusu:td g'aIes awi' thet suunner rains hatve Itaeed at thteir disposal atnab d.tiee of t'res-water fur the hluriantt growtht of the grain. Th''le harvest has beent heavy, and~t the high fees which theirt grin crop at pre-sentt ein' eands, maktle it the miost pro1perouis of1 a the ig:leit-ural initerests of the State--iaideed it uisu ily is in the rhsence of thott eclbinitie's whiebl somse :times tut'eet it. 1 atddiiun tot these fac'ts, ina thi summattzry ,f th e' cndition oft the State, the City of':arkeston, exempt as it has been during thaateme from eveity stort oft epidemtie, and' I.senitig ini its hills ofi mxot t.dity a coniditio-if hec:dth hiebh wvill compar~te favrale 'A thtose oif anly city' tiponi the cointinenit, h hiad at tide of coim. oneree pouaitred ~u int e-1p, wvhich sheC has never bjefore meeuvied- 3soth thte domiesticf :tad forign~ imotattitt imo Ithe city~ have been efi'eeto Li) xt eXearly' as great as Razilroads leadiug jnto) the~ :rior, an'd into regionts be'yond the u Sitate l' u~ bieb hove Lt~iterto ben itn the pro'(gl ' conistrue tion), are tnow performintg thf iper fatme tins and conif'erriing their exite-d benefits. This, together writh the gretaL.0th of' the cityv, hats brough~lt to hem tin k new antd vaifnable entslomers, atnd thme daiiceingr~t facilities byv mail, to ptints Still "ii distatntt, will, at to rein'ote perioid, Counth pre sentt conifineis ot' the city' ito thtore ex tenided litnits of a greatt tietrmop' h Th'le subjects to wich 1 shall ely ~ call your ttentiton, are the fimazinezr the State, the con uditiot of' the B'idge Ri:l road enterprist, populart edtnent'and subjects conniiectedl therewrith, thte e~tio ofl the Asy hn fort the Intsant, the Co tt. ti it of a new Capijtolh the qutestion o a dhry betweeti Getorgiat and Sonth Car. te las re gardinig coilored seamen~i, a% oU .Cof the articles of the contsular' con t:ont betwveen the G ovet monent of the Utn States aud his 3Majesty tihe bimperor oi I herewitth submit to you ant abstrat the c.ondtotlf thu fintances of thei St together with a statement of the conmition of the Bank of the State on the 1st Octo ber, which is the end of the fiscal year. For that period, the result of its operations can not he otherwise than satisfactory. The profits of the bank during the year have amounted to $330,000, exceeding the profits of the previous year $21,594.93. From these profits have been paid the in terest on the fire loani debt, $100,503, and I the balance carried to the sinking fund amnounts to S229,037. The account ex hitits a larger balance than usual ; ut the bank -has advaticed to contractors for arms, &c., about $51,000, which is a set-off a'gainst this bialance. The sum of $75,500 has also been advanced to the Greenville Rtailroad Company, which is the amount of ssessmient on tIe stock held by thu State in that Company, and which, it paid by the State, %I ill iike a further reduction of the cash linnce in the treasury. The bank holds lie notes of the company, with se eui ity, for the amounts of the advance. Tle foided debt due by the State, on the 1st October, consi ted of: 5 per ctit. Fre lban blinds, payable in on.'8 and ' .............. T37 7 1 78 1; per cei. fire loan :toek, payuble 'tiu a.d '70........................ 8051590 15 G pear cent. 4f h:4, (Iol;uinee paat due no't bearing intere,t.)............. 8,418 10 's pr r cent. 18:;.8, taliace........... 4,9 - 4 3 per e -it. at nominal value, $117,-t.,8 40, but at market priec would an't. to 73,986 19 $1s,870,986 76 The treasury has paid from the sinking fund since 1st October, $6,0'23.50 of thet6 per cents. of 1839, reducin the balance to .52,385.60. The baik also holds of the 5 cr cent. stock of 1838 the sum of $6,411. 53 of the 3 pier cents., which was purchased naith the sum( of $1,08.16. The am1touLit of indeltedntess is diiiiisbed by these sev. eral paymentits and purchases. The assets of te State consist of the b:mk and vaiious railroad stocks. The asets uider the ibcarge of the bank may e summarilv set down as follows: T- tal ri nds in the bank, :ts exlithited by the annual statement Iit Oct.. $7,919.932 49 DIcduet bank liabikiti, iruea, de puSits. &c.................... 4,066,590 22 l Ianct, b.ing asvts, the propetty of the State ..................... $3,P33,342 27 Suth C:ircita It. R.and bank .-tuck, 61 1,000 00 Ur,-eviivile Rairatl 0,i ni'any...... 348,000 0U Wilm-111gtonl and .\hnecet,.r Ra lroatd c.ompani.. 'a.-roli bar - ztonk i. r1e assets Of thei tate, , istnecessary to notice this debt in i i estimate of her fiiances. The item of ..51,000 advanced to co-i. ractors for stupIlving arms under cntracts Mide h'v the late Board of Ordinance, pr-I iious to its abholishment at the last session. was paid by the Batik upon a repreta ion of the facts of the case from this de. artment. The late Board of Ordinance was em. powered, under the act providing for the military defence of the State, passd in 1851, to taitke contracts for arm, and muni ot) of war to the exter~t of 6300,000J. rThe oard, during its exi .nce, nmade contracts o the full extetnt of the aippropriation ; and( di mloneys rite cotntractors were drawn byv r' .ra iron) the Executive upon the Trea E~v neterinig upon the discharge of the duties olf my otlice, I found the balance of y>1 ,000 still due', and all of the contracts fulfilled accorditng to stipulations. Inc.e co:rmgly gaLve a draft upoti the Treasurer fior a potiton ot the amnountt still doe ; but that otlicer did not regard himself authorizedt by~ law to paty the draft, as no especial au timity had been givetn to the Executivo to draw funds for this purpose after the Ord nattce Board hadl beeni abolished. Under these circumnstanices, I presented the matter to the consitderation oif the President of the Batik, and advised the payment of these sums by the Batik, ini order to avoid the ijtry which would inevitabl~y result to a piotiont of the conitractors with the Stte, antd great etmbarrassment to all of thiem). 'Tle President, with his accustomed liber ality' of views, at once aceded to my wish. es, atnd by his timely relief preveinted much distress, if ntot positive ruitn, to dese iig individuals, who had beeni fostered inito existettce by the State as tmanufacturers of artms. I trust that the course which has beetn pursue~d will mxeet with the approval of the Le.gislature. By the act of incorporation of the Blue Ridge Railroad Company, p)assed by the last Getneral Assembl~y, the guarantee of the State upna the bontds of the Cottp.mty, to the extentt of $ 1,250,0)00 was secured, uipon he tilowittg cotnditis: First, that .$500, 000 should lie previously suuscribed to the capitl stock of the said Blue Ridge Rail rad Cotmpatny itt South Carolitia, by res potsible persotns, cotmpanties or corpora tions5. Secotndly, that sucht subscriptiotns shouldhr he made, or aid furnished to the Rairoatd Comipanuies itt North Catrolinia and Tennessee, designed to conntect with that portiont of the Roaid lyitng itn this State, as would give reasonable assurance oft the construction of the said Noth Carolina and Tlennessee Roads. Tlhese cotnditions have beetn complied with. The City of Charles tiot has subsctib~ed $500,000) to) that p)ortioni of the Rboad lying withitn this State ; and Messrs. Ans~on Bangs atnd Co. have con tratedi for the cotnstiruction of the etntire Road, trotm Atndersont, in this State, to Knoxv ile, tt Tentnessee, which retnders the cotnectiont not otily reasontably assured, but as certain) as any enterprise of such an etenit catn be. By the terms of tis agree m ent the ~contractors atre to receive ini pay metit one-half in cash, and the oter half itn c:ipital stock and alortgaged botnds dif the ultimate estimated co-t of the itod is brought much more nea:ly within the scope of the resources of the Company than is usual in enterprises of such magnitude. At rates agreed upon with contractors, the entire cost of the Road, from Anderson to Knoxville in Tennessee, together with ne cessary alpertenances, including interest accruing upon the bonds of the Company until the completion or the Rolad, will amount to the sum of about $7,500,000. To meet this outlay, the Company estimate their resources as follows, viz: Subreription by the city of Charleston to the flue lidge It. R. in So. Caro'iu $500,000 Subscription by the samei to Blue Ridge Railroa.1 in Georgia................ 549,000 Subscription of Knoxville and Clar:ebton Rairoal Company................. 50.000 Other subscription!4, estonated at ........ .51.110 State endorse-mint of bonds of lhe con'py. 112o,000 Estimatid anount of stock and bt.nis to be issuei to -.-s. B:nris & Co., bving une-half of $7,500,0l0........ 3,75OCOO It will thius4 be seen that the I means of the colipanv will fall short of the estimateJ cost of the work about $00,000. This enterprise is uidolubtedly the wisest and the greatest which has ever been pro. jected in this State, aid the ultimate results will be as beneficial to her interest, propor. tionably, as the great westeri lines of road to New Yoik, or the Balinore and Ohio Railroad now are to each of those cities re spectively, and commenced under circum stances much more favorable to its complo tion. It is a more imiport-mit measure than the proposed Charleston, Louisville and Cini cinnati Railroad, because it is a shorter route, emnbracing all the advant:ges of the other, and is less liable to the diversion; of trade from the valleys beyond the Alleglia. ie, owing to its peculiar locatii. By an rraingemelit shortly to be connunmmated, the charters granted in Georgia, North Carolin i and Teniessee, will have all their privileges eded to the Blue Ridge Rai!road Compy:LV in South Carolina, so that the latter 0e1d - orporation will exercise entire control over the affitirs of the whole line of road. By this I it will be seen that all means have been adopted to give security to w'hatever capil I he State, or citizens within the State, may :ontribute to this great work, by confining he control of its- aflairs altogether within mur oWl borders. To pierpetuiate thir .wh **-.if wl, . uchi a niggiwily of trade a:id ravel through the State will exercise a great n luence upon her internal pro..peri:y. The niiprovement of the tipper portimins of the tate-the inerease in tIhe value of property -the many increased facilities it will 'iv o', r coninerce-the employtnent of Llit Ia r in construction-the expe.,iiture of tiums among th' Om for 'interial and me .11 .i skill--.ind t:e increased value that ill be tie ttock in railroad companies cady inl exi.stence, in which the State ah1o 5 airgely interested-aro consider"ationu vhich must inltience your c;bn judgment to >romote by every safe and judicious ianis he successful accomplishmCnt, of this great ork. Bay the communicationi which woas estab ished by the charter bietween this d.-part net and the Blue Ridge Railroad Compt ty. I have been enmabled to ascertain, that by I ie termas of contract het ween .\essrs. Bangs Co., the work was to be commenced on the first of this month-ani that at large por ion of the surveys are comp'. -ted, and hunid o presenlt fewer obstacles than was at first suposed. A location has been made for tutn ei 'g the Blue lRidge, and work allotted to :ontractors,-thiat their preliminary arrange't nents are in a state of forwardness,-thait the Districts through which time lload will as in this State will abundaintly snpply all the necessary labor,--that thme citizens both in thiis State and bevond it have wilth extra ordinary una~niity ceded the right of wvay t-ithout comp~ensation,-and that every cir :umstace tends favorably to an early and thorough co mpletion of this enterpi .eC, which was projected by the President and Compny with so much piata tismn and zeal,I nd prosecuted with such signal industry and ability. 1 have thus laid before you at some length, but as briefly as possible, all the facts in my possession with regard to the condition of the Blue Rtidge Itailroaid enterprise. i now' recommend that the State subscribe to the capital stock of the company the sum of $750,000., in order to put the enterprise be vond the reach of ordinary reverses, and mi this way to secure to the citizens residing in this State the conta of of a majority of the, stck of tihe Company, in referenice to the contingencies wvhicht mlay frequently arise, where trade atid commerce arec to be con trolled for our benefit. Nor would such a sto) be unusual or partial, since the Legis lature hans not only extended important aid to railroads constructed entirely within the State, but to roads which hiave been project ed beyond its limits, as in thle case of the Charleston, Louisville anmd Cincinnati Rtail ra, and in the '4 ihnington and Mianches ter Railroad. The endorsement oif the bonds of the Blue Ridge Railroad Companmy cannot be regarded as a sumpscripltionl, fo'r it is totally dissimilar ini its character, and far less bene ficial in its operation. In the one case the State becomes a copartner, and risks her capital, and awaits tiue distanit returns of div ilends ; in the latter ease she siimply makes herself as arn endorser, and taikes the first mortgage on the property of the stockhiold er to) secure herself against the possiblty of loss. Undoubtedly the most important measure whbich I shall britng to your consideration is the reformation of the present system of public instruction i.i the Statte. r.I.j as ha bmt freqitentde stated. educatiur is the chenp deree or nanons, and the per manenco of repu can institutions depend, upon the enlighter ent of their citizens, YoE have but little se -ity for the prosperity anc and happiness y now enjPoy. Educntion has heeti provide -iI'atn ut fol >ne class of th(- whici is the wealthv .e nid poorer classes . .othimg, since n-) org. adopted for that " opriated seventy ially to Free St mode ol pplyin~ fusion 01 the proc nls gene. rosity w- The few who are spense in those ex 3titution, the Arse . form As. nn't the th of this rc ,. irk. :obler in tions Cullege Mid the h s already Conlferret '. In it -tve het iry most >f the ch . Caroli. m,.1 and -.-putaItionl ror sehol thers are ispensit practical nowled .libly felt aMch sue receive, s every - of your ~are an - -there is tv aatinig .m, which ill edu -' nber, tie outh o her pop ladti,. nosy nary )rofer ininorance mike tI receive it ithout rather a yuntui . they may .eely - hool forin n:1d by be t.ruL 'ie ele tile yout f the -.e tastes ne:ans - rsue thso. ther :ht will lea hem. nleC, alid ider ithe basis o ie h Ale State b, iid i s wil afford ht sary for the P1)1 . nOt be d)n10 1:n1 judicious bf.1 capable .imaitely ac C~I, Are 'there not lined that the iii ti t period d go, and still UC01eition of the 111 slatiun ? If no hat -ing commerce, it - wvilai yo'ir nli ll ed ladS, who - gineers, mlachi mewrs -ruction, if any I directly by our your agent. re< ishment of a nt - poinitmenit of Co etion, whose ut v ith regard to si birim himself pon governiments a ee id report the esul or comnmis ots a pla to) be *b or rejection. * jation, or by ioI fund. 'I ie appoinited v t* public In truITrustees of ho usd with the ieationl is a etti South Cairo iii:, tPublic Ed ena o well con' d - meW to laiy i t I ~tanice of the - - :ation is one tvli . . Jar atteillion, in' 2neral svstemi Lit . .a piortioin ol r is this is an LIII- temi. OCu l~Y . 3 not exempt lrc - s.ould be par tic e means by I - f the elimait en :a knowledgt -des in whiell hi .- it. - that absoul b ... vs made tc bi: cal Colleg - - . State, anc h, . the mean! of - ducation nt h -. could obtais ins why thij efi *.- )seque~nt e. pi - people an S . 1 of such at e Collegi o . - a has grow: ation, untili Ii ~eitability a' espectable o - ~ d States. Fe y indebted ti *ts Profess5ors fieenI mosit mu *.edical Instito -..........h she has don ud.1( most of thi . In this age a nee of audequat u Itiodi at grcn disadvantage and at the -present momen especially, when the rapid advancement a science,. growing out of the daily develop ment ot new truths, forms more multifariou; and complex processes of investigation, the appliances necessary in a thorough systen of education and illustration have become s< numerous and expensive, as to be entirelj beyond the limited resources of a Faculty dependant upon the fees of the students foi their inadequate compensation. This natura wear and tear of property and of their means of illustratierrat command, impose an addi tional burden 'upon the Professors, whic they cannot well sustain. I herewith present a memorial from the the Medical College of the Site of South Carolina, which sets-forth more in detail the necessity for an appeal for State aid; not only for reasons already given, but for oth ers which are therein clearly and forcibly stated. Not the least important among their is a necessity for the repairs of their edifice and increasing its convenience by enlarge ment. I cordially recommend an appropri ation for the required aid. The State makes provision annually foi the education of one of the youth fromii th< Charleston Orphan 11ouse, to be selected by the Commissiofierp. This liberality or your part has already been extended to sev. eral young gentlemen, whose subsequent ad. vancement and usefulness in life have prover the wisdom of your benefaction. Througli me the commissioners now ask that provision may be made by yo for the education ol another youth upon the same conditions as in the other case. I take great pleasure in adding my recommendation to their request. I shall now proceed to lay before you a subject which will engage your judgment, as of urity )I of -.)! Of nake other --. y for . -.. ... .irs of lifie. Among all nations the performance of this latter obli. gation is regarded as the highest evidence of enlightenment and civilization. Those who are selected by their fellow-nien by rea Soi of their superiority of intellect to pro vide for all their social and political wants, .- . - rezard tab~ilitneunt weu patients more amply provided for; a . whole system, as formerly adopted in the Bicotre and Salpetriere, where the insane were reg-irded as condenved felons or brutes, was superseded by a more gentle and hu miane treatmenit. 'But since that period, whilst this institution, from the character of the building erected for the accommodation of patients, together with its unitvorable location and the limited extent of the grounds about it, h:is from necessity remained st:a tionary, others, both in this country and in Europe, have lert it far behind in the im provements which science and experience have suggested ; and they now present us in turnm examnples from which our own sys tern can be greatly amended. I have nmade it a portion of my puic duty to examine into the conditioni of the Staite Asylum for lunatties, and the result of my observation has beeni to recommend to you a thorough chang'e fromru all the present arrangements. Provision is maide only for 120 patienits-.-gaminst about 400 lunaties, which are estiimated as thme umber in the State. The acommnodationis, therefore, are too small ; and the duties of legislation upon this subject will he but imperfectly dis charged as long as there remnaimns a single lunatie within her limits unprovided for. The situation is within the corporate limits of the town of Columbia, exposing the in mates, without the possibility of avoiding the ditliculty, to all the nioise and bustle w'.ieh prsvails i s a city, thus defeamtiing very oftea all the regiulationms for their perfect re pose by the Piiysiciani anmd Superintendent. A locationm in the country, surrounded by a farmi and gardens, with oilier conmvenienicet of air andc exercise, are regairded as indis pensable to a proper treatment of mnaladies of the mind. These advamntauges cannot bc had in its present position, nor can thmer< ever be a sutlicient increase of auccoimmoda' ton from the limited exteint of the grounds as will meet with the present wants, stil less for those in the future. The constructiomn of the edifice is alto gether defective. The population within airt so thrown together as to fprevenlt any thmnk like a classifiention of the pamtients. Thu refined and sensitive, more alive perhaps tt uncongeial associaiions, than persons o sound mind, are from necessity nmdo to~ as sociate to sonme extent wvith those who' hj their misfortunes have descendeid to the low est thoughts and habits possible for humai beings ; so that from this cause mny pa tents of the formier elass are under the ne cessity of being provided for biy thmeir friend without thre Staute, in ins:itutions which ari more judiciously arranged. The basement which wvas inteiided for paitients of a certaeil description, and which is perhaps one of th. most imp)ortant portions of the structure from its exessive dlampness arnd wretche ventilattion; is totally uiihitted for ihbitatior~ The dormitories also, or rather cells, fo they' can hardly be dignified witt a nam imling convenience and comfort, are no large enough for a person in health, still les are they adapted to a class who, from on of the peculiarities of their disease, requir a greater amount of pure air. Their di mensions are six feet by eight, and ten fee i height, affording only 384 cubic feet c air, which by persons scientifically and prac . ti..l.y .cq~.nted wiuith thme Iroaimeit of ir t sanity is regarded as but -little~ more -than r half enough. From the confined limits of the irotn'd, and the necessity for fresh air and exercise for the inmates of the Asylum, permission is given for a portion of them. to. 4valk on the public highway and in the streets under careful restrictions; but such liberty., has always been attei*ded with results so un pleasant and inj ioes, that.the authorities have been forced liinit their movementgVto circumscribed courts of a single acre of ground, where 170 patients are assembled, and so shut in by building and wall as al most to exclude from them the pure air of heaven, and hisle.from their-view its blue sky. The institution has been * managed, ilt my opinion, with great judgment and ability. I believe that no'body of Regents in any Asy lum are more able or enli-vhtened in their views than those who preside over the affairs of this. I believe them to ha active and be. nevolent in the discharge of their -duties. Sa also with the Physician and Sdiperinten dent. They make the best use of the-meis and applinices which are afforded thet. But under more favorable legislatioffattoyur hands they can achieve more. It is an as. certained fact that, in a properly constructed building, Ipeated in the country, with suffi cient area of ground about it, and other ad vantages known to scientific men, the rate of eure is about fifty to sixty per cent. Under circumstances the reverse of these, the rate is only about 22 per cent. Is not this then an occasion for the exercise of your benefi cent and liberal inter position t f submit to you, therefore, the propriety of removing the Asylum to some veni ont and healthy country - the town, and give to the - stion constructed upon newe inci pies, which shall be-to Iable and agreeable residenec .ppi ness and health can be .pro per classification with van tages. Enable theni to air, the sky, an'd the recre. - rived Irom the cultivation of t-vrs, and to see nature in h.- rms. Eiable their" uardians .a to take an interest in sur able. objects, and insensibly t. ind from the conteinplation c iour ces of their own excite. by promoting their innoc *-alie tleasurer prevent the . a situation hetter adapted to mno .... vie w. When such a building has been made to progress towards completion, the State can be refunded to the extent of a portion of its outlay by the sale of the present Asy lum property, which is valuable, and becom ing more so daily, % with the iincrease in the value of real estate in the town. At your last session an appropriation of Fifty-Thousand Dollars was made for the coitinuation of the construction of the new Capitol, and during the past year the work has progressed to an extent commensurate wiith the amount app)ropriated. Thle plans have all been perfected by the skill of a eiampetent arebitect, who has ailso the su pervision with the Comimission of the wvhole work. Ample and convenient arrangements are made fot all the dlepartm~ents of the State Government, and the building, wvhen coim ple ted, will be one of the most elegant, commodious and desirabile in the Union. Every imiprovemnent which modern skill has devised has been incorporated in the plans. The granite of which it is constructed is found in great abundance coruveuinent to- the work. If completed upon the plans already dletermined upon, (at a cost in myv judgment by no means unreasonable,) this edifieo will be fresh in its massive strength: and beauty when many generations shall have paissed awiay, and will remuain for ages a monument of your taste, State pride, and liberality. I recommend such liberal aplpropriationis as Iwill warrant an active ,. d' energetic prose eution of the work, and insure its e---liy com pletion. At the last session of the Legislauture, the Governor, in connection with the Attoriey General, was directed to take such steps to protect the rights and jurisdiction of South Carolinau, in tecnresynwpending between Georgia and this State, upon the s ubject of boundary, as they might deem necessary. In conformity with these m-. structions, the Xttorney Getneral addressed a full and able argument to his Excellency the Governor of Georgia, in reply to a comn munication from him to my immediate prc decessor, in wvhich the rights of this State to the thureadl of the stream of the Savamnnrah River; following the most Northern braunchu ams the true bonndary between the States are cleaurly set forth. I am now confirmued in the opiinion of the eguity of this viewv of the case, since by examining au certitied copy of the original charter of 1732, and other re cords among the archives of this State, I find the express language which this State claims to htave been used iin the original charter, and under which our title is ur-ged. This State has a right to rely upon the following" as conclusive in the cointroversy: I1st, thee words of the Georgia charter ol 1i732, as given by Whiitaker's Report in 173G and hualt a century later by Watkins, and a copy of the original charter, certified tby the Lord Mayor of London. aid nuow s among the archives of this State ; 2d, the ,conventin of Beaufoit in 1787 ; 3d, thc SConstitution of Georgia in 1797, defininig .her owvn boundaries. tI perceive by the late Message of flis Ex f cellency Governor Cobb, that he recommendm - to the Legislature of Georgia to stibmit th< . .....iot of bol.dmry bctouct the Stat't faii fioAlsettlement to-the Supreme Court f'the United States, in compliance with a.ptopo sign, from the Attorney -Geiera1 of this Stag I suggest to i6u, the propriety 'of asenting to such a .reference- asthe most' compjlete mode by. hichA final settleet of this question can be effeefed. In the last Annual Miessage of my Jimne diate predecessor, a communicition&wat' made'to vouin regard to certain proceedinis - iiistirttfdfby her Brittanic Majesty'&Consu1,. with a view to teit the validity of thed1aws of South Carolina regulating the admissiaoqof colored seamen into the Porte.of.Charfston'&.+ - I am glad to irform you that- bothlof the cases then referredt, hat of-ManuelVerei ra, and of Reuben Roberis, have been se tied. The case of Pereira was placed- on- the Docket of the Court of Appeals in Charles ton at the January term of the present..year, and was considered by the Court, which re fused to hear- argument on the merits of the' case, and dismissed the appeal on the ground that Pereira, being already. at -liberty, Ifa beas Corpus could not be presecuted ir; his 'behalf. The case of Reuben Roberts vs. J. D, Yates, instituted in the Federal Corrt, came up for trial at the Spring Termi~t that Court, Judge Gilehrist presiding aoie. Inthe charge, the court sustained the validity of the lawv, and a verdict was rendered for tbh defendant. An.appeal iVas had; tto-the Su preme Court at Warington, but in July lat the Attorney General was formally notifed that the appeal had been abandoned, and the costs of suit. paid by the plaintifi. Thus. has the validity of the laws of-the State upon this subject been fully vindicated,.and~the matter .now remaina as it did before proceedings vere -instituted. The question of a'modii eation of- them is -'reieved of. all its embart rassment,. and may. with etiire eropity come before you for obsideratidniss i question; The course edopted by thEBritk government in the latter stages of the pro ceeding has been so entirely properiid re spbctful, as to claim fromjyKdneiliatory spirit in yonr legislatior updqthisiiject. - 86tertaining, as I do, theipini.onthat the laws riferred to -an bo so mo'dified asio re move all complaint of in'lstic iand 1060Ple .ience, puid at. the sane'tjnn tiin6 dtecji th& City of Charleston froiiAllo from the inirodictionoofin a sons into it,*I rd' ------ 1,. y mat of wr other for thie excellence of her military discipline. - When'. ever any portion of her citizen soldiery have been called into active service, the arts which they have acquired at home have enabled them to win) a high reputation. The same necessity continues for an effective organi zation as has always existed. I invite your attention to the accompany ing commlllullication from the honorable tIrd Secretary of State of the United States, covering a copy of the Consular Conven tion between his Majesty the Emperor of the French and the government of the United States ; and by the direction of the President of the United States, lhe requests me to call your attention to the 7th article of that inistrumlent,- and reeonminTLfds, if ni pursuance of existing laws French subjecti are not allowed to hol real estate in South Carolina, that such right 1)e conferred upo:t themn. I have received a corfmunientionl froml his Excellency J. H1. Clifford, Governor of Massnchiusetts, conveyling a copy of a re port aind resolutions, adopted unanimously by the Legislature of that commnonwvenlhh, ill response to resolutions adopted by you at your laist session, upon the subject of tild deaths of Henry Cfay and Daniel Webster. [n comp'lhice with his request, I herewith lay them before yu Gentlemen of tha Senate and llouse of Representatives, i :.we laid before'you, iii as brief a mainer as p~osible, suclisugges tions as seemed to mne proper for your dow sideration. I have omitted any disaisin. of Federal affairs, since it is well kno'wn of your views upon these subjects, that ad herence to the cardinal princip~les of State Rights, -to a strict construction of the Constitution,-to a T'arifl' purely for rere nue,-to an economical applicationi of th'e finances of the governmlent, and above all to a stern and impartial adaidnistrationl ot the laws, and eniforcenment of all its consti'tu tional obligations, youl give your suppord~t the present distinguished head of the Iia'tlol 1as a fair exponent of such principules, disrme. garding all local disputes, or contentions for Ehme emoluments and spoils of ofli-ee. WVith regardl to our internal afi~rs, I would reinark in general terms th it is wise to guard against excess of legilatonm. Those laws are best whlich are permanent anid easily uniderstood. Innovation ofted cearmies with it moore of injury than benefit; and repeated changes tend to produce i certain demoralization as to the force and obligation of law. Modifications of it ard frequently necessarf to supply the niei wanits of a growing country, but thdsd should rather be splecific thani general,'sd as not to threaten, still less to involve the de struction of a system wvhich for geneci-atiotis of men has worked happily and benefieent ly. It is better to preserve that ionlo of ioderaitioni which avoids the extreme of a blind conservatism on the one side, and thd restless desire for change on the other. Permit me,. gentlemen, to invoke for your deliberations the aid of that Divine Power which is at once the beginniing aud the end of human wisdom. . L . . 'N - NotilrnSt 1?c , J~il L . 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