Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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From the Hamburg Republican. Ma. EotroR: As the time is close at hand, when the Books are to be opened for the pur pose of receiving subscriptions for the construc tOt of the Savannah Valley Railroad; and as tI:e success of that project is of the most vital importance to our town, and to our friends up the river, it may not be amiss to talk the matter over and familiarize ourselves with the great results that will inevitably flow from it. There is a degree of opposition existing, in a certain quarter, against this enterprise, ar opposition which tirst exhibited it.elf in the committue room where the Charter was discussed and prepared for the action of the General Assem ',1y. There it made its appearaneo -in the moAt malignant form, and the project was denounced in unmeasured terrysds being conceived in pre judice and h.ostile opposition to the Greenville and Cob11ia road. Bitter indeed were.the -Ym made on that occasion by the distin guished gentleman who descended from the dignity of a high functionary, and who dis mantled hkinself of the silken gown, wherein justice was wont to hold her sway to raise his voice in opposition to a great enterprise, and to hurl his wrath and indignation at a people for daring to interfere with his interests in asking the pririlege of constructing a railroad that might, in- sonic future contingency, rival the one whose "head and front" he has the honor to b2. That this- opposition extended, and still extenlds f.ather than the contracted seltishness of this notable functionary, there can be no sort of doubt, fur I have conversed with a number of gentlemen who are largely interested in that great work, thQ Greenville and Columbia road, :md not one of them have I heard express theml selves Iavorab!e to our proposed road, the- b-:re mention of the Savannah road invariably calls up a smile of derision and contempt, which is followed by arguments, unfavorable to the pro ject, as weak as the motive is selfish. We are told by these genmlemen that a road up the Savannah river will be dead weight upon the stockholders; that it can never declare a divi dend and that it cannot even receive business enough to keep the tr.ck. in repair aw ears upon it. And I confess I have been surprisep to hear sone men, who have some little claims to intelligence, and who should have some pride in advar.eing the greatness and glory of their State, resorting to these low, sordid. selfish mie:tns to cripple an enterprise of so much pro misc, and of so much importance to the western boundary of the State. Such an opposition is not only ungenerous and illiberal ; but it is at varianed with the true spirit of the times. We want coninunication with every point, and facili ties for transporting produce to every market and this is true system of progress. It is im politic, unwise and injudicious in any section of :a country or a Staty to attempt a monopoly by cripling the energies and suppressing the re sources of !ister sections. Railroad enterprise has a higherand a nobler end to attain. Its mis sion is to. open the mast of the world, and to afford to each and every individual a way-as lie most assuredly has the right to go when and where he pleases, and to buy andisell in that market which best suits his taste aId conve nienee. I'woild not be understood as saying that the Greenville and Columbia railroad company are uunnimosly opposed to our road, far be it, for I know there are many hightoned gentlemen be longing to that compmny, and- men who have more extended and more liberal views ; whose souls, unlike others, could not be encompassed in the shell of a cabbage seed. And from many such we expect to receive " m-iteriar aid" for the acuomplishment of our purpose. The time has been when opposition could find argumennt to sustaini short.sighted policy and to prove the non paging diridendqz of Railroads. It was a time whzen this system of improvement was in its infaney, and when the iiinds ot those who embarked in it were elog ged with ignorance and to wildest notions of >gncy and extravagance, its novelty rendpred ~ios2,for human wisdom to guard against . nils.and exti-avagance, -but that time ndwe now. have the full benefit of Ahexpeiience which it has cost hundreds --ytem~o tnlrpnse- and1 improvement w~hich Itas attracted the aittention of the world - fr a quarter of at century, and has called forth the genus, the skill and the energy of inanikind, hadc whioch hias become anm intere.-t mire pro. mbthing thanii any other, cannot be the mere spec ulation of chima~ e:ia minds. It can no longer 'oe doubted that railroads are the reamlizaition of the practical common sense of. the age. It is rno longer a subject of derisive laughter that ment shoald set do.vu and calmly calculate an iron treck front the shores of the Atlantie to the sands of the P'acihie, oin bridging the great father of waters, amd of excavating a subtara nean thoroughfare throngh the giant hills of the west. Nor is it a matter of astonishment that the 30.000 ilies of railroad nowv in operam tiont int the world. a lengthI more thtan sufficient to belt the globe, is actually paying~ an average annual dividend of 5 per centt. Railroad enter prise has grown up to a gooJly stature, and the advancement of civilization, and thte wealth of -nations, which has crowvned her glorious mis sionts, attests the great trutb of the benifieet influence which she exerts over thle whole htu mant fatnihy. -.I propuse, ailr. Editor, to discutss two propo st:ionts it retntion to our pro'jected enterprise, First, thait the road will increase the valtue ol' reatestate sutlieiently to matke thte stock~ a pro vitable in-.etment to the planttr. :.lontg the line, and1( secontdly, that the stock will pay a Iioeral per centa~ge oni the capital intvested. I shall arj.ue the atiirmeative and endeaver to es tablish both points. The hi.story of railroads is a history of up. ptreciaiont of landed property, ahtd wherever a road has vet been constructed thte valute of real property hais been raised sulliciently to pay the entire cost of the rnoad. Anid this fact is faimiliar ;o alnost every o., for htere at our own doors uipon the line of the Southt Carolina roatd, we har e witntessed the gradual a'ppreciat tion of anids from twentty five cents per acre, at price at wichel thoutsands of acres could have been purchased before thme building of that roatd, to $3.50 to $5 per acre the present value. And on the Greenville and Columbhia road we have witnessed the sanme results btrt in a greater d~gm/ very intelligent planter recently t.&yd'j:tht lamid s imn ma~ny places along thtat ro:@ua advanced from $3 to $5 per aere, amid in some inatmees double that amount. Were I toi go fai'lr, I coul itroduce ami hunmdred instances of' a iiilar character. Lands upomn the Georgia Road, that were once a worthless wilde. immediately upon the construtiont of that road sprang up onie, two and three humndred per cent. Ln Tentnessee thte same results have followed the track of the iren horse. And in -many of the westertn States a fevered specola tionhtas sprntng up all along thte lines of propo sed xoads. In Illinois, the salde of land htas been suspended, so great is thme demand, and so ranid is the rise in value. Thme Central Road of' that State, one of the greatest and best eni terprises of the times reaching as it does fi om the Ohtio to Like Mlichigan, with several branches, miakinyg an entire length of 699 miles, obtained from the Gen. Government a grant of the alter nate sectioni, amounting in the whole to 2,500, 000 acres. This gratit was made upon the coni ditiont that the remainting section should be - $!a 82,50 per acre tstead of $1,25 thte gov ermnrt price, in order to reimburse the treasu ry for the section granted. This land was rown intto the market, and. the land agencies soont flooded withI entries, capitalists amnd ompanies swvarmed along the line reapinig nharvest; anid so rapid was the rise in ti to'a tie of thme lainds, that tin order actually issued from the land office suspenidinig the sale amid raisimng the price of the abjacent lands. This order created no little excitement among thu land mongers and they are now elamkmering at the door of the agencies clawing the lands at the first price set upon them ; but still the appreciation goes on- and thousands of acres have beeni di.sposed, of at $3 to $5 per acre and in all probability $i0 would not be an ex travagant estimate for the next three years. This enhancement of real estate in but a rea sonable, and a nattural' result, and it requires no argument to establish the trutht o* it to thinking nien, fur - every imdividual of ordinary inteligenco niust know that lands situated near a market'where everyv'article of produce of the Thrm yardl anil the diry can bb easily and qitick Iv disposed of, is worth more to the planter than linds situated more remote. And railroads penetrating into the interior and bringing into close proximity the remote planter with a re. mtnerating market, necessarily enhances the the value of his lands exactly in proportion to the facilities and eheapness thereby furnished for thi transportation of lis produce. I take it for granted that the argument is admitted, and siall. therefore proceyd with my flgures,-argu ments that never lie. And now let us take a trip along the line prpposed up the river and see if we cant arrive at some definite understanding with the planter, as to the amount of stock he shoild Lake; with a certainty of being reimbursed. If we'run the road to Anderson Court House, which should by all means be the terminus the track will be about ninety miles in length and as there are no mountains to scale, grade or tunnel, and no rivers to bridge, we may safely calculate that the read can be built as cheap as any other within the borders of the State, but to suppose as liberal as need be we will assmu that it will cost $15,000 per mile, this seems to be the highest estimate of the most extravagant,and it eertainly must be somewhere near the right figure. It may possibly cost a little more, but in all probability it will e-t less. Then as sauning that figur- as reliable data, we find that. it will cost us $1,350,000 to put the road in operation. And then wo will suppose that the lands or twelve miles on each side the road will be raised in value one dollar per acre, and that sum is far below the data upon which we have the right to base our supposition, and we have the sum of $1.382,400, the whole cost of the road returned to the country as soon as the cars are put in operation. And thus instead of the country being impoverished, and the planters bankrupt by a drain of surplus capitol, there will be a general increase of wealth, and the plantegill grow rich almost withnut an efflort. If lie does not chose to sell his land and realise these profits at once, like the boy who killed his goose for the golden egg, he will inevitably realise grater profits in the easy, quick and cheap transportation of his produce to market, and in this way lie will, in four or five years, be fully reimbursed of his outlay in stock, for be sides the staple productions . which he now wagons over the hills and throurh the mud to market, there are thousands of little articles wasted around the farm yard that he could find ready sale for were he contiguous to a line of railroad, all of which-would swell the receipts of the road and being wealth to the country. The road therefore will be an advantage to the country and to every individual planter along the entire route, and whetlier it pays a dividend or ant is a secondary consideration, every man should put his shoulder to the wheel and push with all his strength, and leave no opportunity to " push along-keep moring." There is wealth enough along the line to bridge the Thames and tunnel the Alps, and it is to be hoped that on the 11th day of July next, tplose who are in. terested-and- surely all must be-will come forward with liberal spirits and pour a small portion of that wealth into the treasury of this great enterprise. Next week I shall discuss the second point of my subject, viz: that the stock of the Savannah Valley Railroad Coinpa ny will be a dividend paying stock. GOLD DIGGER. A.9THUR SIMKINS, EDITOR4 EDGEPIELD, 8. 0. WEDNESDAY JULY 6, 1853. Pay up !Pay up ! , Jons SENTELL, who is our authorised agent to colleet the dues of this office, wilt commence forth. with a tour for the 'purpose of accommodating our patrons at their homes waith the privilege and plea. ure of " stging- with the printer." " Nuff said.' Postponed. Wa have received two interesting commtunications, one from our esteemed cc spondent "sRosa Co-r -rA E," and another from lUr. RUCH AR D PaarKe, that ~sait appear in our next. They, as well as an obitua ry notice of Mr. IAiomtP, were- received too late for the present issue. Ziditor Absent. TatE absence of our Editor, must be our apology fur the quality of the editorial that we give this week. -He has gone to the " World's Fair" whlere we hope the may fazrc well, no4 to his paper, but in his health and spirits, so that he may fill our columns with accounts of the " sight seeing~' that may come in his way. He has promised to give us a writter salutation now and thean, and we hope he will keet good his promise or else we wilt not adhecar to ours of forwarding him an occasional greeting from old Edgefleld. So look sharp Mr. Editor, and send atong your record of sayings and doings about the Sodonm and Gomorrah of America, at the present interesting moment, otherwise we wilt cut your acquaintance tilt you get ready to reneev it on your return to the quiet shades and happy home of Granite Spring. Monk's New Map, Baltimore Md., 1053. WE take especial pleasure in recommending this excllent work, which has been so long and so uni versally needed, to public attentions. We have given it a very careful and thorough exanmination, nut more from the love of the study of Geography itself, th~an to make ourselves useful to our fellow-citizens, in commending to their patronage and support a great Map, which combines, in its execution and finish, the most critical accuracy, with beauty and compre hensiveness of design. We are sure, that every pur. chaser of this admirable portrait of our country and of another large portion of th~e Western world, will be highly compensated for his expenditure, not only by the many general excellencies, and the general increased facilities, which a map of this kind will etend to himself and to his family of acquiring a correct knowledge of the most favored portions of the globe ; but by the peculiar and superior advantages of this particular work orer every other of the same description-which, among others, consist of the following: 1st. The Scale of the Map is the largest ever used in presenting the same amount of Territory. 2nd. There are no detached portions, as has usually been the case with large Maps. 3rd. The tchole country is enmbracetd, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, and from the 50th tegree of North Latitude to within 7 degrees of the Eqtator-giving clearly the subdivisions of the country. 4th. It gives the only full and accurate Map of California ever published in connection with thme Atlantic States, and the only one, of the same char. aeter, of Texas. All the Territories, even those the most recently formed, are distinctly shewn, withi their boundaries, according to acts of' Congress. 5th. All the great routes, from the Atlantic to the Pacific cities, by sea and hand, ats well as all the Railroads of the country, are shewn in full, together with the Canals, Stage roads &c. 6th. On the same large scale are given Mlexico and Central America, with their suhdivisions' the West India Islands, and the British provinces of she.North. 7th. The mechanical execution of the work is in good taste and substantial. The coloring is beautiful, and such as to give the geographical position 'and extent of each country and subdivisions, at a glance. 8th. On the same sheet, and - presented in the same handsome manner, and in the same admirable style of execution, is a map of the woorld, on the Mercator Projection, yet on a new plan, shewing our own country in a central position, and by duplicating 15 degrees, exhibiting China in the West of us, as well as in the East. The dirict sailing routes to the cities of China in both directions are shewn, by doubling Cape Iorn, or Cape of Good Ihope. The imporiance f the Ship Canal, with its various suggested loca ions thtrough Central America, or of the completion of the Railroads through our own' country, to the reat Commercial World of the 19th century, are, by this map, seen at once. The route of Lieut. WuLKEs atrounid the world is al'o traced. 9th. Trhis Map is sold only by the travelling agent, to private subscribers, and at one uniform price of wreen dollars. That agent will be in this District for some days, and we are confident that every intelli gent head of a family who shall have.an opportunity of acqainting himself wvith this splendid map, will take pride in encouraging not onlythe undertaking Rain at Last. WE have at last been blessed with a good rain which we understand extended as far as Hatburg below, and.for some distance above, indeed as far as heard from, but we learn with regret that the coun try East of out village has not been so fortunate. If this should meet the eye of our Editor, we cannot cheer him with the glad tidins of a refreshing show er at Granite Spring. The whole country in that direction, according to oar information', is suffering as much as ever. This rain, though it will prove very advantageous to health and late vegetation, yet can not possibly be of much service in reviving the old corn which constitutes perhaps two thirds, if not more, of ihg crop In this neighborhood. We therefore hope that thei suggestion made in.our last, that the farmers of Edgefield would act wisely to try the ex periment of planting late corn, has not been entirely diiregarded. If it be planted now, it would have three months, if not -longer, in which to mature. The earth Is very warm now, and vegeta,tion will thrive much faster than it does In the cold Spring. The prospect is discouraging it is true, yet something might be gained and but little could he lost by tite experiment. Peas might alsa be raised in great quantities, with which to feed the stock through winter. We should begin to husband the corn now in our cribs, and make other timely provisions for the coming year. Some hay might be gathered in the Fall, when many oats should be sowed. But our farmers are shrewd and practical enough to see the propriety of these and many other shjfis, which will readily occur to them. Away! Away fbr Corn! OUR citizens contemplate sending off to buy corn for our village and neighborhood. The better wisdom of this excellent project is to act upon it immediately. For this will enable us to get corn by the time that we shall need it, and at a cheaper rate than hereafter, and withall save us from a dependence upon Shylocks at home and abroad, who may now he grinning with delightful anticipation at the postible necesities that await us. True our prospects for crops are now im proving-hut we should be prepared to supply our selves from the Mississippi Valley, which is now teeming with old and new corn, and which is laid down in Augusta at a cost to the purchaser of less than fifty cents per bushel. Examination. WE were present by invitation, on Thursday last, at a private examination of the Edgefield Male Academy, under the charge of Mr. LEITNEa, who is winning golden dbinions for himself as a teacher. There had been no preparation for the occasion, much less the usual " craming" for that farce, called an examination. The students were taken by sur prise, but they responded well to the off hand and running fire which was kept up against them throughout the day, by an impartial master and an intelligent committee of examiners. The odds was so great, that we cor.fess our sympathies were en listed for the students. Want of preparation, with a teacher more inclined to expose than shield, and a learned committee staring them in the face,'was quite enough to recall the scenes of other days, when the freshness of thought and feeling were ours, as they never again can be and force us to wish the boys success. But they needed none of our sympa thy and generally answered correctly. We were especially pleased with the modest yet self possessed and gentlemanly bearing of the stu dents. Their dress, cleanliness, neatness and general behavior were themes of common remark, by the small audience who were present. Mr. LEITNER evidently has the faculty of Government, which is so indispensibly necessary to successful teaching, nnd from what we saw, we -are disposed to award him rare powers of communicatiion also, which is perhaps the s cond great prerequisite in a master. But fe chitdren can relish constant applicationkt'OkB. They oftentimes fail to comprehend the poshed lan guage or technicalities of books, and tienep it is very desirable thatt a teacher should talk .'u a: piupils and occasion Iy lecture them. 'The - - gesture, the action, tU y whole manner of a are so many orators aad us in grasping and we wjgl often readily comprehend sc. spoken, which we might 'read and sread in gather the meaning of. Every thing in Mr NER's school, testified to the fact, that he . of this, andi as his schollarship is undubteuh convey iriformation by the conversations and lectures which we suspect he frequently hsolds with his pupils. We have always considered it thse most fortunate event in our youth, that we had a master who talked continutotuly, but whlo talkted sense, because he hadl knowledge and was also possessed of the faculty to govern. The furniture about Mr. LrarrNza's Academy is adrirably adapted to its purpose. Eachs student has nn office chair and a separate table with a draw fast his use. The building is of brick, plasteredl within and rosigh cast withont, in imitation of varigatedl stone. It is of the Gothic style of Architecture, though not pure, with a large hsall in the centre, which is supported by a commodious room on eithes flank. In addition to these, there are two'small ate rooms, oine in each wing, that,* are connected by a long piaza or promenade. The noted delicacy, sym pathy and grandure of the Gothic style are presentedl admtirabily in the whsole exterior of the building, the approach to whicht is truly'imposing and magnificent. It is hy far the best specimnen of Architecture 'in oui village and will affobrd ample accommodation to 75 or 100 students. The Academy Grove is emphatical ly an " Oak Shade," utnsurpassed in beauty by any witht which we are acqtuainted in Carolina, and every thing about the place seems to invite reflection :Ind s:udly. The school numbers now about forcy pupils and it is confidently expected that the next term will begin with several accessions. As yet the want o1 means has prevented thge Trustees from gettng a Lirary, A pparatus, Cabinet &c., for the Academy, but we understand thsat arrangements are being made to purchase such appliances. Mr. LztTscER deserves to have them, and Edgefield village owes it to herself to get thetn. Books, Apparatns .&c. are hnt tools, and an education can no more he obtained without tem thtan a crop can be made without farming utensils. We hope therefore thsat these educational ols will speedily be got by private ssubscription if no oter way. Mich of a library could not be expected in an Academy, but it is almost unpardonable, fur one to be without an A pparatus and Cabinet. Before dlismissinsg this subject, we venture in' no spirtt of pedantry or dictation, to suggest to the Trustees of our Academy that they Ehould never fail to hsave an annssal public examination anid exhibitIon. Bsrke once said that tlte best method of keeping alive the spirit of any institution is to have festivities or celebrttions, and there is deep phsilosophy in the pro. positiont. One strong argument in favor of examina tions, is ste universal practice of having them in all respectable Academies and Colleges. We allow that most examinsations are mere farces and humbugs, btt still they are very serviceable in many respects, that must readily occuir to one who will give she sub ject thse slightest consideration. We greatly fear that our Male and Female Adadenmies are doomed to early decay, unless a regular annual or semi-annual cele brtion is held in each. An examination in an Academy is to education just what the fourth of July is to freedom, fairs to commence, oar battles to arinies. We wish Mr. LEITNEL and Ihis psspils, each and all a pleasant vacation, and so farewell to them for the present. We call the attention of our readers so the brief communication of Messrs. Sr-ANN and others, in rela ion to the examination, which will be found on anotht er column. Zr. Tradowell and tho Judiciary. Uroy another columin will be found Mr. TraaDE wELL's third letter in continuation of his address to Isis constituents, assigning his reasons for opposing the election of Judge EvANs to the Federal Setsate. When this concludinig letter first appeared in the Caoliian, we laid it aside for publication, but from some cause or other, we onmitted to reprint a commiu. nicatiott of such singular merit, with that promptness which it deserves, but we now do it. and at the same time, take occasion so compliment the ability and independence which Mr. TaADEwELL lias displayed, in this last letter particularly. He writes his honest convictions to the people of South Carolina, without fear or favor of the Bench or liar, in regard to otur Judiciary seeking and obtaining political office, whenever they desire it. We commend its careful perusal to our readers, as a thorongh expose of the process, by whiph our Juidges are made Governors .'... Seos.A. a single S:...ion of the Legislature some years ago, one Judge was elected Senator and another Governor. Thei are abuses of the Judicial Office, which cry aloud for reform, and %%e feel as sured that Mr. TRADEWLL, or some other gallant spirit will bring forwaraia distinct proposillon in the next Legislature, eitherto reform the present Judicia ry system, or at least, engraft upon the Constitution an amendment, which we have heard* often recom mended, prohibiting a Judge from being eligible to a political office until twoyears after the resignation of his Judicial functions. Buch an amendment, we are inclined to think, would meet the hearty approbation of the people, and the. indications last winter in Columbia, showed -'elatrly that even the present Legislature have not the most unbounded eonfidence in the existing organization of our Appeal Courts. An Independent Court of Appeals Will doubtless be established at the nest Se-nion. Our Judges now combine too many ' ''ns, d their tremendous influence In the tatais. ihebrproof of it. We must have more division of their power, in order to* weaken it. As things now stand the Bar is in a great measure subject to the Benth, and the farmers in the Legislature are for the most part governed by the lawyers. Hence it is that our Judges control pretty much the Legislative, as well as the judicial branches of the Government. And as the- Execttive of South Carolina has little or no power, they may be said to control the State. As the " --- -ill open in New York. on the , and as news is scarce and - interesting to some of our r sy a word or. two of " Fair but a greater species of M . tant intervals than the usua . daily, week ly or monthly is called fair, becaute it is -:. ket," in, that it allows oper , to all mer chants in the aim are of the utmost impor- , and even to aMaritime Nat rude stages of society. Tht as well as the variety and in them, are either limited frequented by dealers, owin. ilities for car rying on Corn. erefore it must be a great bli 'enient places and specified her commodi ties and dealk >lest means of promoting Cc sning national antipathies at f the products, arts and custe Fairs are o- rude than to cultivated nat -ut few Cities wherein to bt.- re apt to be en tirely nithout ys, Turnpikes, &-c., snd have . in Camels, Ass es, and Horses. s, along rugged paths and over snce a fair to them is a sort *. tate occasion, whic:i is resor rity, as a Pil grimage to Me .andeed the most im porta-t Fair i:. _'..n World, is that annually held it Mecca, during the resort of Pilgrims about the 1:t July. It lasts for twelve days and is attended by large caravans of Merchants and Pilgrims that yearly rendezvous at Cairo, Datmascus and Eagdad, from all countries that profess If.shomedism. In truth, it would seem, that Aahomet had the Com mercial, as well as the Spiritual wfare of his people at heart, when he enjoined an an i lgrimage to Mecca and Enid, "it shall be.no crime in you, if ye seek an increase fronoryour Lord, by trading during the pilgrimage." The same intimateeonnection be. tweei fairs and relig exists also in India, where thfowAko profess t ndnio-aeligion annually as se.nble atlJtatdwar, '%I Gan'ges, where that sacred I stream 'issues :-nm -1-i mountains, and there hold a Fair and Pitgnrn..-togsneher daring the vernal equi nox, It :s said, theit Europeidsi who have frequently been present on these oocasli. E, lyave variously esti mafti n iinnmher or .tene-,m * - * . . ..., wvnen the Iauspicious nmogent for bathing was announrced to the impatient devotees, the rush was so tremendons, that no fewer than 430 pet-sons we're etther drowned in the river, or trampled to death under foot, Even in Europe, until a century or two ago, Fairs were al.. ways regarded with a great degree of sole -nnisy, by associating them with religious festivals, andl in Eng land it was customary to hold them in Church yards until the -practic ewas prohaibited lby law. Indeed in most places, they are'still lec. ont thme same day with the fast or feast of the Saint tso whom the Church is dedlicate'd. The late London F-air was opened wish religionas ceremonies, and we presusme that the ap proaching one at New York will he also. There -are perhnps, two causes for religonss tmanifestations on such occasions. lst, Gratituce to Go-d for permitting the pilgrims and dealers to arrive safely at a full and fair market, whtere thaey can exchsange thec surplu~s pi-oduacts of thseir own country for those of other conn tries. Wevll may they offierupsacha thanksgivinz when we conasider that' they are so-netimes two or tlaree years on ste roaad,beret hy robbers,andl threatened by other dangers that wouldl makp a civilized nman shud der. 2d, The other cause for these religiotua ceremo nies, is perhaps, to impress all present, with a sac-redl regard for thte rights of property, and of hsonesty and fair dealing in thteir tranosactions wsith each othaer. But there are-still other prectations taken to secure a " fair" market. Thtus the fair matst be held at a particular place, arid at'a pardenlsar time, known to all, and at no.otier plae.of.-ima,.Jts duarttjn must be declared at its commeungement; and when the time expires thse market must elose. Any Merchsant wvho sells goods after the stipulated time, forfeits double thae valuse of sucht goods, or suffers some othaer punsishment-. This is done to -eecure fair competition by havirng present, all persons who have the same kind of guoods to sell, as well as all tuhose who have money witha which they wish to buy suchl goods. A bona jrdc sale of even stolen goods in a fair, gires a title to the pur chsaser, that is valid against. alhs real owner or the worbi. This is aecsttom, becaumefuirness is presumed in all cases, and no one can be supposeil to know the character of every siall-keeper in at Fair, as he does that of a shop keeper with whom hte deals. Great care is also taken to have " fa'r" weights and meas tnres, that are examined and narked for a sinall fee, b~y thec Clerk or some other oflicer rif the fan-, and this is one species of toll. The tol' gatherer muast take up his position in some fair air open place to prevett others from collecting also. Fumerly " toll'' was re quired only of the sellers in hirm, while purchsasers or visitors entered free. But sow it has become the practice in England anal Antedica, at least, to make all pay ahtke, as all aribenefit ed, .and an some rases the exhibitors or sellers are adsrittedl free, while only Ivisitors are .charged. Stuch is the case with "Crystal Palaces," and it in' lerhaps righat. In this respesct a Fair with us, diff'ers fraun a market, where only the sellers pay toll. Sometimes .a poll tax or duty is levied op cattle, or some other.iapecific article as wasa thse case until recently at the great Hiurdwar Fair, whlich strange to say, is now free to all comt modities and all comers. The free admassioni of per sons aind goods, has generally paroveil a ba.: regula . tion since, as it rewards no one1 -t itiipoises respa'nsi bility on no body to keep a pofle and hsave order,and htence theo fact, thtat antecedent to. the British occupa tion cf India, the Hurdwa'r- fairs- usually ended in disordr-and bloodshed, but now the most perfect order prevails under the superintendence of Government. int somte Fairs it is a custom' or law, that rn toll be paid far any thing broughat to be sold until that same is sold, andl that it shall then be paId by thte buyer. Thuts it will be seen, that there is great diversity as to the source of profit to Fairs. Itn Engl".nd generally all busmness and amusement of every kind must cease in Fairs, at 11 o'clock, an the evening, and nor. recom mence before 6 o'clock ina the morninag. As anothar precattion to promote " fairness" -and tender speedy justice for brelca of contract respecting goods bought anal delivered in a Fair, thsere is incident to every fair, a Court called pie potudre, in allusiohto the due Ly or unfair feet of the suiters. This Court can lbe hyld, even without express words in the chaarter oar grant, wehich is necessary, as was before said, previ- - oats to holding any fair,- but .pie-,posdre .Courts.are now entirely laid aside.. Faira int civjillzed.ceuntries are not so frequent tas formerly, and they have lost much of their ancient ip!endor. This is because a market is brought to our loors, by the Iron Horse, which can swin the Ocean, leap the valley, or clear the mo tain with a burden, which 10,000 Caniels could not rry. However fairs ire much encouraged in this country and England, by -ertain cities and individuals for the benefit of Crystal Palace Builders, Hotel Keepers, Ship Owners, Rail way Corporations and other speculators. For instance, it is hardly an over estimate to say that the citizens of New York: will realize a clear profit of $3,00,000 by their approaching fair, although it is nothing but a temporary Museum, or collection of industrial curiosi ties, in connection with Theatres, Menageries and other exhibitions for amusement in various parts ol the city. Still, a general jubilee in -the Anterican Metropolis, will attract our people from all quarters, and will have a tendency to nationalize them. Fairs may be divided into two classes. . 1st, Those that sell only one article; and 2d, Those that sell many or all articles of Commerce. Of these twc classes Great Britain has a greater number of eacl than any other nation. Thus she has three annual Fairs for Horses,-one at Woodbridge., where Suffolli horses are exhibited; a second at Howden, when horses for forkshire huntsmen are displayed, and the thinl at Honey Castle, In Angust, which Is the larges Horse Fair in the world, where thousands of horsei are exhibited for sale,' and during Is. continuance, i large number of dealers attend from all parts of th Kingdom, many from the Continent, and some fron America. Cattle Fairs are more numerous-than an: others, and are held at various points within th< Empire. Fairs devoted solely to the sale of Cheese or cheese and butter are also very common, such a those of Woodstock, Ipswich &c. There are also it England, Fairs fur the sale of Textile fabriCs only and fur the exhibition or the exhibition and sale a tild beasts as pt the Bartholomew Fair in London which might he suppressed with advantage, excep fur ihe study of natural History. The general Fair of England, are for the mbst part, held at Stourbridge Bristol, Exeter and London. A World's Fair is no% going on in Dublin. French Fairs occur at various places, but of lati years they have greatly fallen off. The principle on is that held at Beaucaire, in the department of th Gard, in July. It is said that the business done a this Fair in 1833, exceeded $30,000,000. The pritici pie German, or rather European Fairs, are held a Frankfort on the Maine. Frankfurt onthe Oder, ani at Leipsic, particularly the latter, which is the gree market for selling German Books. Every publishc in Europe has an agent at the Leipsic Fair, which i not unlike our " trade sales" in America. As man as .1,000 new publications have been in a Leipsi Catalogne, and Leipsic is to the literature of German what London is to that of England. Each of thes Fairs continues from 15 to 20 days, and there ar three of them at Leipsic every year. One In Jnnnary another at Easter, and a third at Michelmass. Th Easter Fair is the great book market. One stringen regulation at Leipsic, to promote fairness by cash an punctual payments, is to allow no days of grace fo a debt contracted at the Fair, The holder of a bil must demand payment on the day it becomes dut and if not paid lie must have it proteisted on the very day and returned by the first oppoirtunity. If h neglect any of these regulations he loses all right recourse upon the drawer and cndorsers. The muo celebrated Italian Fair Is that held at Singaglia a the Mis, Russia has two great Fairs, one at Nov< gorod, on the Volga, and tihe other at Kiaehta i Siberia, The Fair of Novogorod Is by far the mo noted of any in the world. Its Bazais or Marki Houses are the most splendid establishments of th kind in existence, The fts alone sold at this fa usually amount to about $20,000,OOO annually. T'1 iron and iron articles to $5,000,000 and sodownwar The valde of business regularly done at it is estima ed at $100,000,000, and it generally continues ft two months. All Western Asia and Eastern Etiro; resort to this Fair, which witnesses the presence over' 100,000 distant merchants, that speak nearl sverv' language and/jargon on the face-of the earth . thouigh a fa/mons fair, is of much less impoi in Novogcod, it ts the principle place ft .- Rtissian,(and Chigesse orsicles. Of Mecc - war we 1ave spoken before. tbettdr evidence of the rapid progress i *.-ry, than the history of Fairs in it. TI ilnce of South, Carolina had established a .. ..1723, Fairs to be held twice a yeatr Childsherry, Dorchester and Ashly River Ferry, a in Berkiey Cuunty, which was the only portiomn of til State then settled. At these Fairs, to give addition: fairness andi freemdom to commerce, our forefathiei thought it wise to prevent anmy arrest under civil pri cess, just as we nowy exempt members of the Legish tutre, or parties and witnesses at Court from arres smuch exemption extendod also to twenty-four houi before amnd after the holding of the Fair. As poptuk tion spread it requiired another Fair to be establishe at Radnor, on thme Combahee, in 1771, and the pre amble of time act by whlich it was done, contair forcible reasons fur the Legislation. As further ev dence of outr former dependence on Fairs for a marke thin: L-gislatitre of South Carolina, as late as 178: had to establish another Fair at Bellville, on t Cungaree Rtiver, and still anothecr in 1785, at Winn: borough in Fairfld District. These fairs continue to be held until they gradually fell into dismuse by ml1 progress of population, wealth, tmurnpikes, navigaimn railroads &c. So that our Fairs are now merel voluntary and local gatherings for the purpose I exhibititng Live Stor:k, Agriculttural prodlucts, M1: chinery and Mlanufactmures by wvay of display for pretmium, a diploma, or a pnEf They are held not formerly, to sell or exchange articles, but to get one self praised. On these occasions the attendants get erally listen to a second rate speech, eat a got dinner, and after getting " tight" amdjourn for hum< Several of time States have what are called " Indu: trial Exhibitions," or "Mechanit's Institutes" an all-of them, we believe, have one or more Agricu turat Fairs, or something like them every year. Bt the Crystal Palice now building in New York isat frst attempt in the United Stajes, to have a World Fair, after the present American fashion of dloin such things. This wvill be of service in bringing I our shores numerous distinguished foreign visiton who would never have come over as emigrants travellers, bitt fur this fair. Men from all countries will there come togethei ajust their accounts, learn the state of trade in a parts of tihe world, and endeavor to form new connec ions. A representation of every people, as it went will he laboring at New York, though without intend ine it, to promote each othter's welfare and to exten anti strengthen those ties which bind together th great family of the .hntman race. Commerce is Kin indeed now-a-days, and thousandis, even in Carolimn areseeking fortunes by speculation and trade, instea of labor. Ihurrah then for the Jewvs and Yankeem the Ro-rcuctt.os andl BARIN~s, time Banker-s ani Brokers, time thieves and liars, time scoundrels an< honest men, as well as time pretty girls that are ass bhing at our Republican Palace. M~ay each one be:i hero or a heroine in the strife for gain by thrift o marriage. -_________ TIPORTANT RUMORS FROM WASHINGTON, ABOUT MXICO, SPAIN AND CUBA. \VAsutNG TON, M ONDAY, .ul 27 S. It is rumorcd that, Gonvertnment has been ad vised, from quarter's entitled to the highest credit of the celebration of a treaty between Spait amd Mexico, for te reannexainm of the lattel ton lime firmner. Tme treal3y, it in stamte.d, wat slmnly sigmned by Generals Cantedo and Sanm Aina, while thme latter wvas at Hamann,-subjeel to rattilicntion by thme Couirt of Madrid, and bs the Mexican as soon it lie shouild be firmni) seated in time dictatorial chair. *These ratifiea ions have beetn received ; and an expedition, i is said, is organized on the northern shore o Cuba, destitned to carry six thousand Spanisl troops Lo Vera Cruz, where they are to suppori the coup d'etat, wichim- Santa Antna has r'esolvei to attl-pt. - It is likej 'ise asserted that the departure 01 the expedilfin will bethe signal for a genera insurrection on the Island. The Cubans arm resolved. not to let so eapital a chance slip without attemnptiiig their emnmfcipation ; and,.i we nmy belimeve reliable authorities, the move tment wviii crtily prove tritumphantt. A gentleman who has time baet c pporltunity 0 aquainting, himself with the secret drift o: Government, writes;m~ "I am told Judge Craw. ford, te newly 'appointed Consul at Havaiso does not propose. to. enter upon the duties. of his offico until October. If this is so,. depend upon it lie wvill never aet as Constul. Tife fate of the Spanish auihority will have been seauled' ere then."-N. Y. Tinies. FOR TUIJDVERTIBER. MxAnI'rroa,-Having by request, just attended the public examination of our Male School, we beg leave, as an act of justice to Mr. LEJGBTNZa Yd his pupils, as well as to'the public, to express our admi ration of its excellent management and flourishing condition. The examination promised welM the reputation of the Teacher and the success of his pupils. Alani festly there had been no long and studied prepara tion for mere display, which often retards the pro gress of the pupil and makes his examination - the more an imposition, because of its greater splendor. The course of study pursued in this Academy is such as will prepare young men for the higher Chises of the South Carolina College, of which Mr. LaIOn-TNER is a graduate. Upon this- occasion the examination wagponfined to the usual Classics and Sciences, as Horace, Virgil and Homcr, Algcb'ra, Geometry and the different branches of Natural Philosophy, in all of which the young men per formed in a manner highly creditable to themselves, and satisfactory to their friends. It was 'not the least of our pleasure to witness Mr. LEIGnTtNE's successful method of training the minds of the younger boys, for the more d.fficult studies which await them. They had nothing to say by rote, fur like the higher Classes, they were put in the hands of the Committee to be examined as to any matter within the limits of their studies. Their success was triumphant I We are glad to learn that Mr. LaiowrNEn has adopted teaching as a ' profession exclusively. This in fact twas a prerequi Isite of the Trustees, who must now feel confident of the success of the Academy under its present man I agement. The littrary qualifications, untiring de votion and- excellent discipline of Mr. LiGnHTea, with the present and increasing patronage of the School .guarrantee its suceces. Our Academy Building too, deserves consideration. It is a Brick Building of a pew and handsome style of architec t -ture, with five rooms-located in a beautiful and delightful oak grove-having every comfort and t convenience, and withal exhibiting a handsome and 1 picturesque view. A complete philosophical apparatus has been pur r chased, and will be ready for the 'Academy by the 0 time that its studies shall be resumed after the pres ent vneation of one montli. This Academy does most assuredly commend itself to the good- will and patronage.of our fellow - citizens. In fact our A cndemies, Male and Female, are become sources of our highest hopes and deserve the deepest interest. t I. R. SPANN; I P. -F. LABORDE, r W. C. MORAGNE, GEO. A. ADDISON. G. DALLAS TILLMAN. FOR THE ADYERTIsER. I Mt. EDITOR t-It is time that newspaper scrib n bling had ceased in regard to the recent outbreak from our new Jail. One of the Commissioners of P. n Buildings thought proper to charge me with " very it culpable neglect" as the sole cause of the outb'reak. 4 To this unjust and wanton attack upon my eharac a ter, I replied in as becoming a manner as I possibly ir could. In that reply I frankly stated the true cause a of the unfortunate event, and at the. same time ex pressed my willingness to divide the censure of the r Publl -with the Commissioners. But I perceive e by your last paper, that the whole Board,- save.a single member, have united in a Card, sustaining yDr. Muss' foul charge of culpable neglect against myself, as being " such a discharge of publio duty, as was due both to the Commissioners and to the rpublic." aI had hoped for more justice and sincerity at the humds of the B3oar~d tha'n-this, but since they have subser'bed to Dr. Matms' cowardly vindjctite and Simpotent charge, I shall not hestte to reply tojthem tin the same manner that I have done to.Mr. lMiss. II am nut the mar', though poor, young, and it may ebe friendless, to submit quietly and without a mur Lmur to injustice, insult or wrong from any man, or Sset of mns, even an .ofiial body E:ke the Commis sioners of Publice Buildings. But iny feelings are not ahmie at stake in this charge, mny character is also involved, -and I will defend myself at every odds. It is true there are six of them to prefer the Icharge, while I stand solitary and alone in my de fence. The Commissioners too are all men of 5age, wea.ltht and postion, but even these shall not make me cower, because I feel strong with truth, 'justice and conscience on my side. Our Jail has been broken. It is said, and said justly, that there is blanie somewhere, and it can doffieially be attachred onry to the Commissioners or emyself, o'r both. I have declared that we arc all to ,blame, but this they utterly deny, and attemipt to Ythrow the whole respon'sibi!ity upon me by mere assertion. Some one must answyer to the peopulo and I am srtlectecd as the victim. 1st, of Dr. Mzis' amalice, and 2d, as a scape goat for the offieial mis conduct of the Commissioners as a body. In the reply which I was forced to make to Dr. dMmet I said the Commissioners should be censured, 1st, For building a defective Jail, which can. be easily brokea in day time or night time, unless the prisoners are always locked up in the cells of the third story', or the deblors rooms of the second. 2d, For not having the Jail completed at a proper time and according to coztract with .the utndertaker, Swhich omission on their part, forced me as Jai-lor, to admit workmen with sharp tools into the. third story, where thme escaped prisoners (according to their own acknowledgme~nt) should lhave been al lowed to go at large iii day time for air and exer IIn that reply, I also confessed myself to blame, 1st, For omitting to lock the prisoners up every night in the cells, during very sultry weather, to prevent Jail fever, which is almost certain death, and is common in our prisons. If I was wrong in this, as I before said, humanity prompted it. 2d, For omitting-to lock the " two strcn'g doors," in the secon story which had been left open for the workmen that very day,; and but for thenm would have been locked. IThe Commissioners endeavored to evade all this by saying laconically, that they are " mistatements and flimsey excuses" on my part. But I can tell them they are too fast. The public will not rest satified with any-such brevity or assertion, although it is supported by six interested men. No one 'an be a witness for himself, and the guilt rests alik9 on eachu of the Board. Vice, crime or miscondue( of any kind is indivisible, and if one Commissiong' is to blame, all are. Therefore they must prodtee proof by certificates or something else of their inno\ ense and my guilt.' They alledge " iery culpable neglet" against me, and the burden of proof rests upon them according to law and justice.' Both sides have made assertione, and I challenge them to produde certificates or to carry the matter into Court, where a fair investigation can be held. I alone, and not the Sherifi', .(as I am tol by good authority) will be held responsible, if a Jury can find me to bo a defauting Jailor. .Therefore if the Commissionersfra: to prosecute me or prodnee cer tificates, " the publie"-will " judge" and judge me fairly. It seems that the Board are now satisfied of the defectivc plan of thteir Jail. A dditional bars have been placed over thte cells, and another "strong door" has been added to the original plan at the foot of the stairway, of the basement story. But the poor Jail is still insecure. -By cutting through the Itwo thin woooden'fioors, just over the stair way,;a prisoner may dereena perpendicularly, es three thin icooden tb-alla, one in each story, a prisoner may again esceape the doors, and be that doubts me wall and two common plank stair-step. iiu strong doors mai again be avoided. But to crown all, the defects of this Strong Castle, which has bost th- - State and the District a much money, I earnestly request every Tax payer in Edgefield District to examine the last iron or " strong door" which has been put up. Imagine an iron door at the foot of A common stair-ease, under which there is A closet that h a common plank door, and from whicht closet you can see clear light through the stair-steps, This is the last improvement to the Gibralterof the Commissioners, who are mortified like Mini, at their complete failure ; yet they wish to saddlo me with it, insteud of saying nothing about it, or if they do# frankly acknowledge the Truth. " Let the publiE or a Jury judge us." C. U. KENN . ARRtIVAT OF TIE ARIAOL CIARLESrON, June 30. The British steamship Africa, has arrived at New York. She left Liverpool on the 18Lb of June. She brings 94 passergers. The Turkish queation exclusivl occupied attention. Accounts are extremely Indieting. T he Russlans seem determined to occupy of have already occupied the Danubian provincest which France declares she will regard.as a vio lation of the treaty. The English Government has not taken any jecided steps in the matter, so far as has yet, transpired. The latest tele graphic accounts sny that Russia Leepts the mediation of Austria. The uncertainty, how ever, had affected all the markets. There was great excitement in Milan, and nuother insurrection expected. It was reported that Napoleon had warned the Italian refugees not to attempt ny insurrection at presenL A despatch dated Constantinople, June 9, re ports the arrival of the Russian ultimatum which the Porte will doubtless refuse. Greece refues to reverse the sentence of the imprisonment of Sir. King. The reported mediatioilof Austria is believed to be false. The sales or Cotton in Liverpool amounted daring the week to 65,000 bales. The quota. tions are the same as those brought by the Nina gntra. The demand was good, "bat .tregular. Of the sales 20,000 bales were to speculators, and 6,000 to exporters. The trade at Manchester was unchanged. MURDEn.--A letter from the Rev. Rihardson Graham, the Episcopal Clergyman at Wiltown, in this State, dated at the Sitie Mountain, in. Georgia, on the 25th June, announces the death, on that day, of a brother of Mr. Graham. whu resided at the last named village, and who had received a wound on his head from some heavy; instrument, supposed to be an axe. The assas' sin, it would appear, entered his room In the darkness of the night, on Thursday the 16th, and strucklim on.the head near the right ear. N' one seems to have been present, or to have known how, or exactly at what hour he received the blow. Money is supposed to have been the object of the murderer. Mr. Graham had been blind for years. Idtanother letter from the Rev. erend gentleman, received by last evening's mail, and datedat Decatur, Ga., on-the 28th, he says "I have jgt found out the murderer of my dear broffier, and he is now safely lodged in jail in this town-he confessed the deed. There was no other evidence bhnn the pgwer of God's vice. gerent'-conscienct.' Cfhfaiston Courier. DEATH OF MAJ. JOSEPH MOSELEY.-The Mis-. - sissippian announces the death of Maj. Joseph Moscly, one of the most valuable and esteemed citizens of Mississippi. He died in that city on Thursday evening, 16th inst., at 3 o'clock, after a protracted and painful illness. Maj. Mosely was 53 years of age. Ho was a native of' Abbeville, S. C., but re.moved in early .. life to Wasjhington, Geo.,twhere he resided i6in~ til his removal to Marshal conty, istMaiggj, 3 8 r 9years. ago. .... SMAtLr. BILts-Tjie Haumb0g the jgt inist., says " T Ifak witkits accustoedeli~~~y' give'-notice to persons mod g sma iliiu by Batnks out of tii Sta e, that such blls, will be redeemed, or taken in by said Bank, aind small bills of the Bank of this State or specie given in exchangt. This is most liberal and praiseworthy on the-part of the Bank, and will tend'to remove all the anticipatied difficulties about cbange, and enable peruons holding these foreign shiin-plasters to convert them into a legal currency." _________ Gzis. GADsDEN.-Ion, of the Baltimore Sun, writing on the 28th ult., says: "Gen. Gndsden,.the new Minister to Mexico, is here, and is about to receive liis instructions. Gen. Almonte is daily expected here. He was to have reached New York, from the West, on Saturday. "No compromise, such as now~nfiudd to by the New Orleans Delta, has been made, or is like..d ly- to be made, between the claimants under the 'xaray grant and Lte claimants under the Sloo TtrE S-t. CHARLEs.-We learn fromu (he Pie nynne that the entire cost of the St. Charles H otel wa $598,320,13. This includes taxes, interest on bonds, intsurance,&c. The cost of the buildinog alone was $424,445.73. The pres.. ent debt of the company is $281,000, in sevenm per cent. bonds. The house haa been leased until 1859, at 812.500 for the remainder of thii year 630,000 for 1855, and $40,000 pr. ann. for the succeeding four years. The annual rental of the basement stores is estimated at $16,000" RAI-We still haveit in our power to in. formi our friends below and elsewhere, that the crops of Cherokee are fair and promising. It is true the corn -is small, bet it is growing very' fast. At one time there was a prospect of a short crop, but since that, we have had an abunv dance of rain, and there is now no danger. We believe the crop will be equally as good as last year.-Dalton Times. TnE RED RIVER CoUNTRY.-We are inform ed by a gentleman just from the Red River country, that all through that section they have had the finest rains, and the crops were never in a better conditoin. Red River was rising and in a fine stage for naivgation.-Del'i. FnhE.-We understand that on last Sabbath evening, some young ladies who were visiting at the residence of P. D. Klugh, Er-q., (some ten miles from our village,) on retiring~ for the night, went info a iloset after some bnooks to read, and the light coming in .contret with a dress, com municatted to other material-and in a short time over three hundred dollars' worth of dres ses and other clothing were entirely consumed; -Abbeville ,anner. : BITUJARY, DEPArED this lire, on the 14th day of June, Mrs. BEacca A. LAMAR, wife of B. M. Lamar, Esq., in the 29th year of her age. She lived and diedin the rellowshia of thie Baptist Church, and her friends mourn not as those without hope. ,Also, on the 28th u1., BA RNEY M., ihfant son of M. and Mrs. R.'A. Lamar. Religious Notice, A Union MEE-TING of threeodays contiunancwil be held with the Church at Bold Spring, in Edge field District, comnmencing Friday before the Alfth Sabbath in July n'ext. Ministering brethren of Di vision No. 1, and others who can do so, are affeo tiouately invited to attend. By request or the Church. WILLIAM P. IIILL. Relgious Appointments. By Divine permission Brothers PErRSON and Buys.za will preach at Little Stevens' Creek, on Monday RTh of June; at the late residence of Mr JouN FAULKNEa, (Mr Fau x.EEs funeral) on Tue. day the 28th ; at Mountain Creek, on Wednesday the 29th ; at Fellowship, on Thursday the 30th ; at Sister Springs, on Friday 1st July. At Mt. Ebal, Lexington, on Monday night the 4th and Tuesday the 5th ; at Bethel, on Wednesday the 6th ; at Clnd's Creek, on-Thursday the 7th, and at Sardsa on Friday the .8th. 4