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r9 EDG'FID D VRTIS SDrtmosratic 3otrual, Zbott to Sottt!jer" Elgfjts, Netu, Woltfts, Ge n uigtute, Eteatte., joralftA, Etmu'raue, Ag(Iett , s. "We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Liberties, and if it must fall, we will Perish amidst the Ruins W. F. DURISOE, Proprietor- EDGEFIELD, S. C., MAY 27, 1852. Oxv- 19 THE EDGEFIELD ADVERTISER PUBLSIIED EVERY THURSDAY. W, F. DURISOE, Proprietor. A. SIKINS & JOHN BACON,. Editors. TERMS.--Two DOLLARS per rear. if paid In advance-Two DoL.LAits anad FirrY C-:NTs if neot paid in six uinontis-andl TIMt.:E DOI.LARS if not paid before the expiration of the year. All subscriptions not distinctly limiited at the time of subscribing, will be considlered aus made for an indefinite period, and will be continued until all arrearagea are paid, or at the optim of the Pub lisher. Subscriptions from other States must he accompanied with the cashi or reference to sonie one known to us. 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The story of Napoleon's repudation of his gentle Empress has been told a hun dred times, but never with itore grace and pathos than by Mr. Abbott in the fill lowitng, which we copy from his recently published life of Josephiie. At length the fatal dav arrived for the an1notinceitelt to Joseplinte. It was the last day of November, 1ISO. The Etmt peror and Empress ditted at Fontaitibleau alone. Sie seemied to have had a pre. sentment that her doom was sealed, for that day site had been in hcr retired apart. itment weeping bitterly. As the dinner hour approached, she ithed her swollen eyes and tried to regaitin lier conposure. They sat down at the table inl sileice. Napoleon (lid not speak. Josephitne could not trust her voice to utter a word. Neither ate a iouthful. Course after course was brought in and removed un touched. A tmrtal paleiess revealed the Sanmusb of. -eaz, hear . oleonJn Jis rently uneonscio~tly, struck the edge of his glass with his ktife, while lost inl thooght. A more ttehancholv meal pro bablv was never witnessed. The attend ants around the table seemaed to catch the inifection, aid moved softly and silenly ill the discharge or their duties as if they ,vere in the chamber of the dead. At last the ceremony (of diinier was over, the attendants were dlisnissed, and Napoleon, iising and closin-g the doior with his own hanld, was left alone with Josephine. An other mnoment of nost patininl sili-nce en -sued, when the Emperor, liale as death, and trembling in every nerve, approacled the Empress. lie took her haa(d, placed it u pon his heart, anl in fiat tering a ccets, said, " Josephine ! mty own good Jose paine ! you kiow how I have loved you. it is to you alone that I owe the only few niomtents of happiness I have known in the world. Josephine, iv destin v is stronger than tmly Will. My dearest :dl'ec. tiots miust yield to the interests or France." Josephine's brain reeled ; her b'ood ceased to circulate; she faitted, anI fell lifeless upon the Iloor. Napoleon, alarmt ed, threw' open the door, of the saloon, and called for help. Attendants fronm the ante-rootm imtmediately enitered. Napo leotn took a tapter from the matntel, atnd uttering n ot a word, but patle atnd trenm blingi, motioned to the Count de Beaumnont to tatke the Empress in his armis. Site was still unconscious of everything, but begatn to murbinnr, ini totnes of anguish, " Oh, no ! you cantnot surely dot it. You would not kill me." The Emperor led thie way, through a dark patssaige, to the private staircase, which contducted to the apartment of the Empress. Tihe agita tion of Napoleon seemed tiow to increase. He uttered some incoherent sentences about a violent nervous attack ; anid find ing the stairs too steep and narrow for the Countt de Beaumonit to beair the boudy of the htelpless Josephine unassisted, lie gave the light to an attendanit, anid, sup. porting her limbs himself, thtey reached the door of tier bed.roomn. Napioleoni then disnmissing his miale attendants, anad layiig Josephtitie upon her b~ed, rang for her waitiing womani. lie hiutig over her with an cxprcssion of the maost iintense a ffectiont and anxiety utntil site began to revive. But the ttoment consciousness seemed returning, lie left thne roomi. Napoleon did not even throwv himself upona his bed that night. le paced the floor utitil the dawn of the morning. Thie royal sur geon, Corvisart, passed the night at the bed-sided of the Empress. Every houir the restless, yet uinreleittintg Emperor, called at hier door to inquire conicernting her situation. " Ott recoverinig fromt my swVoon," says Josep~hinet, " I perceived that Corvisart was in attendance,atnd myv poor daughtter Ilortense, weepittg over me. No ! no! I caninot descriibe time horror of my situationi during that ntight! Even the interest he1 affected to take ittnamy suffe~r ings seemedl to me additiotnal crtuelty. Oh ! how much reason had I to dread be. coming an Empress !" A fortnight nowl ptassedl away, dttring wlhiii Knoleon and JIoseishine saw but little o~ each other. During this tim there occurred the anniversary of th coronation, and of the victery of Auster litz. Paris was filled with rejoicing. Th bells rang their merriest peals. The me tropolis was refulgent with illuminations in these festivities Josephine was con pelled to appear. She knew that the sovereigns aud princes then assembled ir Paris were informed of her approaching disirace. In all these sounds of triumpl she heiard the knell of her own doom And thonh a careful observer would havc detected indications in her moistened eyea and her palled cheek, of the secret wo< which was consuming her heart, her ha hitual afTlability and grace never, in pub lie, for one moment forsook her. Ilor tense, lanuzid and sorrow stricken, was with her mother. Eut enie was summoned from Italv. I hastened to l'aris, and his first intervieu~ was witlh his mother. From her saloo: he went directly to the cabinet of Napo leoni, and inquired of the Emperor if he had decided to obtain a divorce from the Empress. Napoleon, who was very strongly attached to Eugene, made no reply, but pressed his hand as an expres. sion that it was so.' Eugene immediately dropped the hand of the Emperor, and said "Sire, in that case, permit me to with draw from Your service." "i ulw ?" exclaimed Napoleon, looking g upon him sadly ; " will you, Eugene, my adopted son, leave me?" Yes, sire," Eugene replied firmly; the son of her who is no longer Em Press can not reinn viceroy. I will fol low miy mother into her retreat.. She muti-it now fiind lier consolation in her children." Napoleon was not without feelings. Tears filled his eves. In a mournful voice, tremulous with emotion, lie replied, "Eugene, you know the stern necessity which compels this measure, and will you forsake me ? Who, then, should I have for a sont, the object of my desires and preserver of my interests, who would watch over the-child when I am absent? If I die, who will prove to him a father ? Who will bring him up? Who is to make a ian of him ?" -Egenes.waiadeeply...Ifted.ud,.taz conversed a long time together. The noble Josephine, ever sacrificing ter own reelings to promote the happiness of others, urged her son to remain the friend of Napoleon. " The Emperor," she said, is vour benefactor-your more than fa ther, to whom you're indebted for every thiing-and to whom, therefore, you owe loindless obedience." The fital day for the consummation of the divorce at fength arrived. It was the 15th of December, 1809. Napoleon had asseibled all the Kings, Princes, and Princesses who were members of the im perial fanilv, and also the most illustrious otheers of the empire, in the grand saloon of the 'Iilleries. Every individual pre. seti was oppressed with the melancholy granideir of the occasion. At length the mourtiful silence was in terrupted by the opening of a side.door and the eitrance of *Josepihine. The palor o' death was upon her brow, and the submission of despair nerved her into a temporary cahniess. She was leaning upon the armn of Hortense, who, not pos sessing the fortitude of her mother, was ettirely unable to control her feelings. The sympathetic dlaughter, immediately upon etntering inito the roomi, burst into tears, and cotiinued sobbing most con vulsivelv d urintg the whole remaining scene. *The assembly respectfully arose upon01 the entrance of Josephine, and all were moovedl to tears. With that grace whlich ever distinguished her mnovetments, shte adhvantcedl silently to the seat provided for her. Sitting down and leaninig tier forehead upon her hiand, site listened to the reading of the amct of~ separationi. No thitng disturbed the sepulebral- silence of the scene but tihe convulsive sobbings of Hortetise, blendinig with the mou rnfulI tones of the reader's voice. Eugenie, in the meantime, pale and tremnbling as ani aspen leaf, has taken a position by the side of his mother. Silent tears were trickling down the checks of the Empress. As sooni as the reading of the act of searation wats fintished, Josephinie, for a moment, piressed her hanidkerchief to hter weeping eves, anid then, risinig, in clear and- musical, but tremulous tones, pro. iounced the oath of acceptance. She theni sat dlown, took the penl, and affixed ter signature to thme deed which sontdered the (dearest hiopes and the fondest tiem which human hearts can feel. Poot Eugene could endure this anguish nc loger. His brain reeled, his heart ceasec to beat, and lhe fell lifeless upon the floor Josepine andl l{ortense retired with thi affectionate son and brother. It was fit timng termnination of this mournful bu sublime tragedy.* But the anguish of the damy was niot ye closed. Josephine, half deliriu wvill grief, had anoiher scenme still more painfu to pass through in takinig a final adien o him who had been her hiushiumd. Sh< remained in her chamber, in hleart-rending speechless grief, util the hour arrived it which Napoleon usually retired for thu night. The empJeror, restless and wvretch ed, lnd just placed himself in .the bet from which he had ejected his most fait ful and devoted wife, and the attenda was on the point of leaving the roof When the private door of his chamb was slowly opened, and Josephine trei blingly entered. Her eyes were swoll with grief, her hair disheveled, and sl appeared in all the dishabille of unutter ble anguish. She tottered into the midd of the room, and approached the be< then, irresolutely stopping, she buried h face in her hands, and burst into a flo< of tears. A feeling of delicacy seem for a moment to have arrested her stel -a consciousness that she had now r right to enter the chamber of Napoleot but in another moment all the Pent-I love of her heart burst florth, and, florge ting everything i ithe fullness of her ai guish, she threw herself upon the bei clasped Napoleon's neck in her arms, ni excl aiming, " My husband ! my husband sobbed as though her heart were breal ing. The imperial spirit of Napoleo was for the moment entirely vanquishe4 and lie also wept almost convulsivel; He assured Josephine of his love-of h ardent and undying love. In every wa he tried to soothe and comfort her, anl for some time they remained locked i each other's embrace. The attendai was dismissed, and for an hour they cor tinned together in this last private intei view. Josephine, then, in the experienc of an intensity of anguish which fe1 hearts have ever known, parted foreyc from the husband she had so long, s fondly, so faitlifully loved. HINTS TO AMoTinS.-If vonu wish t, cultivate a gossipping, meddling, cons( rious, spirit in your children, be stir when they come home from church, visit, or any oiher place where yott d not accompany them, to ply them witi questions concering what everybod; wore, how everybody looked, and wha everybody said and did-and if you fin anything ill all this to censure, always d it in their hearing. You may rest as sured, if you puiue a course of thi kind, they will not return to you unhaden ed with intelligence; and rather than i should be uninteresting, they will b degrees, learn to embelish in such manner as shall 'not fail to call forth re the spirit of curiomty-which is so earla visible in children, .tnd which, if righmtl directed may be made the instrument 4; enriching and enlarging their minds-: vehicle of mischief, Wiich shall serv< only to narrow them. Wurr A WirE Smiouia Br.-Burns tihe poet, in one of his letters, set forti the followinug as tIhe true qualifications 0 a good wifie.: " The scale of gond wife ship I divide into ten parts: Good na ture, four ; gnod sense, two ; wit, one personal charms, viz: a sweet fiee, elo quent eyes, fine limbs. graceful carriag (I would add a fine waist too, but that i soon spoilt, you know',) all these, one and for the other gualities belonging tc or attended on, a wife, snch as fortune connexions, education, -(l mean educa tion extraordinary,) familv blood, &c, divide the two remiaininhg degrees aion, them as you please, ~oly remember, tha all these minor proportions must be ex pressed by frautions, for there is not at one of them in the aforesaid scale enti ItIed to thme dignity of an integer. BUsiNEss PICrURE.-A -new penn, paer the Sun, just started in Cincinnat gives the following picture of the busi ness of the city: hlere, on the landing, lying- Eide b, side, are steamboats which have com from Pennsylvania, Vi rginiia, Kentuck j Ohio, Illinois, Missouri, Indiana, TFe nessee, Iowa, A rkainsas, Mississipp~ Louisiana! Old States and new Statei slave States and free States, Norther States and Southern States, are all hier< lying quietly together, in the friendl embraces of Commeinrce. But, look agaim from what countries came these cargoe of merchandise and produce? Is it uti 0one and the same country ? H~ere ar the products of the AIlleghanies, the gral of Ohio, the salt of Virginia, the tobacc of Kentucky, the lead of Missiouri, th iron of Tennessee, the cotton of Missii sippi and A rkainsas, the sngar and m< lasses of Louisiana, anid the rice of th Carolinias ! And, what are there returi ed for them? lBacon for the negroe sugar mills for the planter, bread for th nmnufacturers, oil and lard for all cout tries. Can the most active imaginatic conceive of more elements of consolid: tion in natural interests, atnd of ferver pa~triotismi in al peopile ? I-IE IIAD H-II.-A hiosier from tI W~est wvas standing on thme steps5 of U1 Tremonit Hlouse' the other day, whlen wag, who had somehow obtained .an i Itroduction to him, stepped up to the ye danit chap, and with a very imnpressis flourish, asked him: "My dear sir-ahem-what is the ph; sical, moral and intelleetnal condition the great country from which you camnei The fellow scratched his head a mn mont as if puzledh, and then broke out if lie had perfectly understood the con Ipreheonsive interrogatory: "Wal," said lie, " as far as hearud frot I hobliee it's coming itn ntt fair!I" h- Thriling Incident et Ocean Life. ut Our noble ship lay.at anchor in the " Bay of Tangier, a. rtified town in the er extreme north-west o Africa. The day n- had been extremely niild, with a gentle n breeze sweeping to. the north-ward and ie west-ward ; but along toward the close a- of the afternoon tWe sea breeze died le away, and one of thse sultry, evenlike atmospheric breadigs camte from the erreat sunburnt . Sahara. Half an hour before sundown . captain gave the d cheering order for- 'Wboatswain to call S the hands to go in A mming, and in less o than five minutes the forms of our tars 1 were seen leaping from the lower yard. V One of the studdid-g sails had been t lowered into the water, with its corners suspended from thewnain yard arm and the swinging.boomi nd into these most of th - . vimmers mde their way. Among thos, who seemed tq lie enjoying the sport most heartily were two of the boys, n Tim Wallace and Fred Fairbanks,. the latter of whom ias the son of our old - gunner; and in a laughing mood they s st:Lrted out from thestudding sail on a Y race. d There wvas.a loud tinging shout of joy on their lips as they darted through the it water like jishes. lie surface of the sea was as smooth; a glass, though its bosom rose in lon-b eavy swells from e the Atlantic. ' The vessel was oored with a long r sweep from both cal s and the buoy on 0 the star-board quait where it rose and fell with the lazy s I like a drunken 1man. T'iowards- >uoy the two lads .nmade their way,. r Fairbanks taking e tie lead ; but wl. Athey were within about tweity of_ ty fathoms of the buoy, Tim shot ih -and promised to win the race.' Th'd 'ser watched the progress with., stdegree of -pride, and whie he saw: md'ibp behind, he , leaped from the po and was upon the point of urgin'g hinI Iby-a shout, when a cry reached his4 that-made him start as if he had lieen ek with a cannon . ball. t A shark! a came forth from the captain of t -sleand, at the i sound of thepe' -i weris, the .men r- r - .. - .e length, a sharp wake was seen in the water, where the back of the monster r wLs visible. His courso was for the boys. For a moment the gunmer stood like o:ne bereft of sense, but- on the next lie shouted at the top of -his voice for the 1 boys to turn, bit the little fellows heard hiii not-stoutly the swimmers strove for the goal, all unconscious of the bloody death spirit that hovered so near them. - Their merry laugh still rang over the water, 1d' at length they touched the buoy together. Oh, what drops of agony started from 'the brow of our gunner. A boat had put ofl, but Fairbanks knew that it could not reach the boys in season, and every moment lie expected to see the monster sink from sight; then lie knew that all hope would be gone. At this moment a cry reached the ship that went through every heart like a stream of fire-the , boys had discovered their enemy. .The cry started old Fairbanks to his senses, andl quicker than thought lhe sprang to the quarter-deck. The guns y were all loaded and shiotted fore and aft, i, and none knewv their temper hetter than lie. - With steady hand, made strong by a sudden hope, the old . gunnier seized a y priming wire, and picked the entridge of e one of the quarter guns; he took from ', his pocket a percussion wafer, and set it 1-in its plaice, and set the hammer of the i, paen lock. With a giant's strength the a, old man swayed the breech of the heavy n gun in its bearing, and then seizing the a string of the lock, lhe stood back and y watched for the next swell that would :brinig the shark in range. He hiad aimed s the piece some distance ahead of his t mark, but-yet a little moment would set e tle his hopes anid fears. " Every breath wvas hushed, and every 0 heart in that old ship beat painfully. The e boat was yet some distance from the bovs, while the horrid sea monster was fearfully necar. Suddenly the air awoke e by the roar of the heavy gun, and as the Sold man knewv his shot wvas gone, lie sank b back upon the combing of the hatch, and e coverig his face with his hands, as if 'afraid to see the result of hi's owvn efforts, n' for if lie had failed he knew that his boy -was lost. itFor a moment after the report of the gun had (lied away upon the air, there e was a dead silence, but as the dense e smoke arose from the surface of the a wvater, there was, at first, a low murmur a. breaking from the lips of the men-that r- murmur grew louder and stronger, until -e it swelled to a joyous, deafninmg shout. The old gunner sprung to his feet aiid -gazed ofl' on thme water, and the first a thing that met his view w~as the hinge !" arcass of the shark floating with his >- white belly up, a mangled, lifeless mass. as n a few moments the boat reached the 1 daring swimmers, and half dead wvith fright they were brought on board. The a, T1he old mian clasped his boy in his arms, nd then. overcom'c by the nowerful ex citement, he leaned upon the gun for sup port. I have seen men in all phases of ex citement and suspense, but never have I seen three human beings more overcome by thrilling emotions, than on that starling moment, when they first knew the effect of our gunner's shot. -.9. From the Albany (Ga.) Patriot. The Tenadency of the Govern nicit. Every friend of his country who has watched the course of the Government of the Union must deplore its. rapid downward tendency to consolidation. Let an unsophisticated man read the Con stitution of the Untied States, and then examine the operations of the Govern i ment as it is now carried on in all its departments. It is doubtful if lie would recognize that Government as the one intended to be established by that Con. stitution. The simplicity, economy and wisdon of th'e one, would contrast strangely with the growing complexity, extravagance, and sovereign pretensions of the other. He would look in vain in the Constitution for powers which have been assumed and exercised by the Ex ecutive and by Congress. Where is the authority for constructing railroads clear ing rivers, legislating for or against par. ticular classes of industry, granting do nations, creating offices not conteulplated by the Constitution, purchasing political partisans by fat jobs, prolonging the ses sion of Congress at the expense of the Treasury for partisan or personal ends &c. &c. , These are violations of the letter and spirit of the constitution. Again, every powegranted in the con stitution is made the pretext for the ex ercise of other and unnecessary powers. As an instance, take that clause of the 1st Art. 2d. Sec. of the constitution which provides for numbering the in habitants of each State-for the purpose of ascertaining the number of Represen tatives to which they are entitled. " The actual enumeration (of the inhabitants,) shall be made within three years after the 1st meeting of the Congress of the United States and within every subsequent term of ten years, in ,isch nanner as they :ghtl. la*Jw directV'. -Who -could- have ever be claimed under it to collect statis tical information concerning all the indus trial affiirs of the people, and to manu facture books, the printing of which will cost near a million of dollars; yet such is the fact; and so it is with other powers -the simple original is nearly lost in the mass of new powers which are the ofl. spring of forced construction and unwise precedent. But we need not particularise ; every one will acknowledge that the Govern ment is rapidly increasing its powers by absorption from the legitimate rights of the States and the people. It ir not sur prising that an annual revenue of more than fifty millions of dollars, expended as it now is, at the discretion of the President or of Congress, without regard to the strict provisions of the constitu tion, should assemble the selfishly ambi tions by the corrupt of all parties who would sell their country or their souls for place and power, which would bring them money or political distinction., it is not strange that such men are con stantly engaged in the effort to foist men into powver who believe that the constitu tion can be stretched like India Rubber to meet their wishes, anid wiho can be used for their own selfish purposes. But it is strange that the people, in whose hands the power of reforming the evils rests, should submit to thenm quietly. The Treasury, that nowv overflowing fountain of political corruption, is the coinied sweet of thme peoples' brows. It is your money which is being squandered, and the officers who thus manage it, are creatures of your owvn creation. But the money consideration is a small one when compared with the effect which is being produced in virtually changing the structure of the Government from a limited Government of confederated sov ereign State, to a practically, umlimited power. For this you are responsible to posterity. You received from your fath ers a pure government, and it is your duty to preserve it wijth vigilance, and tranus mit it pure to 3-our children. How can the Government be restored to its proper sphere-its original purity ? There is but one sure process-the peo pe must learn their own rights and -duties they must understand the letter and spirit of the constitution-and then require from all their public servants, fro'm the highest to the lowest, a strict nnfiinch ing adherence to it. This will bring the Generl Government back to its proper sphere, whilst it will restore to the States their proper rights and sover eignty. Rrcui.-" You seem animated by this fine autumn scene, my dear Annie," said a lover. "No," said she, "I never shall be Anicmaled until I be your wife," and he gave her such a kiss that Jemimna vowed she thought somebody hiad hit against thme barn door with thme heel of a wL shoe it made snehl a noise. From the Southern Press. "Light in Massachusetts." A few weeks since the New York Jour. nal of Commerce contained an editorial, exultingly copied into the Southern sub mission papers commencing thus: " LIGHT IN MlAsSACHUSETTs.-For the first time in a number of years, so our recollection serves us, the Massachusetts house of representatives has exhibited a slight measure of conservatism on the sub ject of slavery, or rather of the fugitive slave law." We exposed the fadlacy of this state ment, and hypocricy of the pietended change of sentiment, and, as usual, were abused roundly for it by the "rejoicing acquiescents." If there is "Light in Massachnsetts" it is the baleful glare of a conflagration, not the blessed light of ldawn. The fiery cross never sped more swiftly, nor gave surer tidings of coming conflict, than the ominous " blue lights" of abolition on the North-Eastern border. While Southern watchmen slumber, a cry of warning and alarm rises from the North. They see the tide rising which is destined to overwhelm them with the South in a common ruin, and call on the South to avert it by being true to herself. We quoted, a few days since, a mourn ful admission from the New York Herald of the growing strength of abolition sen timent at the North. A more startling proof has just been given by the Massachusetts legislature, which passed the act effectually nullifying the Fugitive Slave law. The Boston Post faithful among the false, thus truly char. acterises this most insulting and uncon stitutional act. The one man power, the veto of the governor, alone can prevent the consummation o' this outrage. MASSACIsETTS NULLIFICATIoN.-A majority of three in the legislature have actually succeeded in passing the law which authorises any petty justice of the peace to issue a habeas corpus to a con stable to take the person of a fugitive slave under arrest out of the custody of the United States Marshal. This is a declaration of war against the Union. It is bold nullification ; and those who enact such a law, must be prepared to enforce it at the point. of the bayonet; for they ,must know that the United 'S aeneve tice of the peace. We deeply regret this act of legislation. It strikes a direct blow at the Union. There is yet a conservative power that may save the commonwealth from this dishonor, and we trust it will be exercised. A WARNIY.-Mr. Hale, in the United States Senste, on Friday, very boldly de fined the position of the free-soil demo crats on the compromise question. He says that if the democrats at Baltimore make the fugitive slave law a stick of timber in their platform, they may look out for the revival of the Buffalo party and a Bufftlo ticket for 1852, which will leave the democratic candidates as high and'dry as in 1818, and by the same operation. * ASSIGYMENT OF LAxn WARRANTs. The omission to give any form for a power of attorney in the published regu lations for the assignment of land war rants, under the recent act of Congress, led to inquiry being made to the General Land Office at Washington, whlen the following form of a p)ower of attorney and also directions for its execution, were communicated to the writer. T1hey will be of service all over the country : FORM OF A POWER OF ATTORNEY. Know all men by these present, that I (here insert the namec of the wearrantee,) of the county of--and State of--, do hereby constitute and appoint-of --my true and lawful attorney, for me, and in my name, to sell and - conivey the within land wiarrant, No. -, for - acres of land, which issued under the act of September, 1850. Signed in presence of The acknowvledgment of this power of attorney must be taken and certified in the same manner as the acknowledgments of the sales of the wvarrant or certificate of location before prescribed, and must also be endorsed on the wvarrant. INDEPE.NDENCE DEFINED.--A lWes tern editor lately offered his hat as a prize for the best essay on Independence. The followving obtained the prize:i "National independence is easier im-j ngined than described ; personal indepen-| dence consists emphatically in being situated in a clean shirt, drawvers, socks, and a nicely blacked pair of boots, wvith at least a dollar and a half, and a clean cambric in your poeiket ; all on Sunday morning, with your wife on one arm and your own babe on the other, visiting your own church to sit under the minis try of your own preacher, in blissful ex pectation of doing your own snoozing in your own pew, wherein no one dare ven ture to nudge you with his elbow, or tickle your nose wvith a straw. A VERY stringent bill against free ne roes has been reported in the Virginia Legislature, the enforcement of' which wil drive them out of the State. KNOXVILLE AND - CHIARILsTO RAU, ROAD.-We understand that the commis sioners have opened the books for sub scription to this road and a number of our most influential and wealthy citizens have subscribed a large amount of stock to this Railroad, and as soon as a sufficient amount of stock is taken so as to comply with the charter, they intend to organise the company. This charter was granted by our last Legislature, The route the road is contemplated to run is from this place via Rabun Gap, We are pleased to see our citizens moving in this great improvement. We know of no road that would be of more importanceto the peo pie of East Tennessee and those of Charleston than the early completion of this road. The compleiion of this road will put us in direct communication with Charleston. We have no doubt but what this road will soon be built, and then a road fronil this place to connect with some road in Kentucky, will put Charleston in a drect line from this place to Cineinnatti Knoxville Plebian. LAXD WARANTS AND TE IloM STEAD BILL-Thompson's Bank Note Reporter says: " The passage of the Hfomesfead big through the House of Representatves by a large majority will probably preeipitafe on the market an overstock of warraora, while, at the same time, the demand wil probably fall off-hence all dealers will hold up, and prices may be afflecte. We do not believe that the Senate wif ad1 upon the House bill at this sessioni buE Washington legislation is very uncertaing and it may be pushed through. Weqnote warrants as being worth about as f wevs, not saying whether we shall buy or seH at these figures: 160 acre warrants,81.25'. 80 acre warrants, $65; 40 acre wawants, $32 14. PLA-x RoAvs,-The success of near ly every plank road enterprise,,. financibiP ly, encourages the undertaking of others.. This success is universaL We know of no plank road that does not pay.. a laW per centage, whileaveynyaepa planking over their tracks in compliance with the public demand.-Po'keepsie Amt. the State as my sovereign, and deeply grateful for the many favors and honors she has conferred upon me, I bow to her declared will, and make way for those;. who, with hearts less sad, and judgment. DEAF AND DLMB AsYLUMs.-The whole' number of these institutions in the worli,. Dr. Peet says, is 1,915-of which 18 are' in Great Britain; 44 in France; 11 in, [taly ; 10 in Switzerland, 10 in Austria;' 35 in Prussia; 6 in Wurtemberg and Baden; 18 in Saxony, Hanover and the other German States; 4 in the Germano free cities; 10 in Belgium and Holland;: 5 in Denmark, Sweden and Norway; 3 in Russia and Poland; 13 in the Unitedi States of America; 1 in Canaia and;% in Asia. CLOSE SHAVING.-A JuStice Of t30' Peaco was called on for the payment o a bill of 75 cents, for the sweeping of hib= chimneys. Upon presenting the blli, the squire asked him if he would sweat tro' the account. The mani replied, "yes,- if' required." The squire immediately swore him and handed him fifty cents. "Stop squire," said the man "you are miistien' in the amount, 'tis seventy-five- eents.' "I know," returned the squire, "bob li can't swvear you for nothing." WORT MENT~oNING-The Rome N3uitev' er says: "Georgia bears off the palla' in three things-poultry raising-pigeon' raims ing and strawberry culture. DJ.. 3'atty,,f Floyd,hlasa greater variety of fewlk tlin~a ay other person in the United States; Col.]!w. son, of Richmond, the greatest variaty of pigeons, while Col. Peabody,. of Museegee, leaves all and singular the rest et the stiaw berry amateurs at an immeasra13e distanee behind him. We do not mnean that these-ave' all our State can brag of, but forthe mikeof modesty, we must not boast o toe anny things at one time. IHnT in one thing becomes y'eM nary towards right in everythig; tll transition is not distant fromi the feelMg which tells us that wve shoeld do rio han to no man, to that which tella us that we should do good to all men. A deaf and dumb person1being asked to give his idea of forgiveness took bis pencil and wrote ; " It is the sweetness which flowers yield when trampled upon." IT is singular how pious new clothes make people. For a month after the Misses Flirts get new Mantillas, they are at church three times a day. Should the women paint heaven, the walls wvould be. all festooned with French bonnets and brocade satin. A YoUNG MAN without money is like a steamboat without fuel. He can't go ahend. Among the ladies he is like the moon on a cloudy night. He can't uhine.