Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, May 20, 1852, Image 2
Southern Editors and Book
sellers.
ABOLITION LITERATURE.
The prevalence in the Southern States of
an uncommon social organization has at once
constituted a distinction between them and
other States, and produced an identity of
interest which, underlying all local and party
differences, pervades the whole comminity.
An attack upon Southern institutions, par
ticularly if it be of a political or religious
character, will set all the newspapers in com
motion, and through these disturb the
equanimity of the quiet public. But there
is, in reference to abolition literature, a
strange negligence. Why is this? Is it
only the politienl hack that can influence
public opinion, or have an effect upon the
destinies of the common wealth? Are we
forgetfnl that the ballad maker of a people
has influence as well as the law maker? Or
are we to be compelled to the belief that
party drill and political promotion are more
active motives and more powerful agents
than patriotism and truth? While we but
do our duty in opposing political abolitionists
are we highly criminal or grossly negligent
when we welcome to our firesides and homes
the productions of our literary abolitionists.
Our newspapers have made us all familiar
with the names and opinions and conduct of
that old political hack, the notorious Joshua
Giddings; but his name is a name of con
tempt. Are there not some just as decided
in their sentiments and just as deadly in
their hatred to every interest of the South,
whose names are names of honor? And by
whose fault? We answer, by the fault of
Southern editors and Southern booksellers.
The puffs of the first and the advertisemints
of the last give reputation and introduce lte
writinss of abolitionists to our people. Thus
Longfellow's poems on slavery have beei
introduced; inculcating false views and sick.
ly sentimentality, instead of a true poetic
feeling.
The most influental newspaper in the
Northern States, out of question, is the
New York Tribune, and the most deadly
enemy of Southern institutions is its Editor,
Horace Greely. A free soiler, in national
p6lities, an agrarian and vote-yourself-a-fiarui
man, a Fouricite. an anti-slavery man in eve
ry respect, is Mr. Greely. He has lately
published a book about his sayings and do
ings in Europe, and at once the Southern
press and the Southern book merchants ad
vertise and sell Mr. Greely's lucubrations.
putting money in his pocket to enable him to
light us more successfully. Mr. Dana, of
Charleston, has published a better book of
travels, and Southern editors do not putf
and Southern merchants do not advertise it.
Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe, sister of Mr.
Henry Ward Beecher, has lately published
an abolition Novel, called Uncle Toni's Cab
in. A very convenient substitute for talent
and genius is a miserable conformity to a bad
popular passion. And mediocre writers can
get up a tolerable share of notoriety and
pocket some money by pandering to the
public taste. Be it so. If the Northern peo
ple are satistied to receive Anti-slavery
diatribes as a substitute for genius. we have
no objection; but we do object to Southern
critics taking abolition works on the credit
of Northern puffi. We hope our brethren
of the Dress will examine Mrs. Stowe's book
before they puff it, and we trust Longrflel
low's poeims and Greely's book may Iming
continue to adorn t-he shelves of the South
ern booksellers who iinive them on sale.
[Temp. Baniner.
cities:
Whenever a fugitive slave is canght in
Newv York and restored to his master, some
of the merchnants anid others of that city
make a great stir, and, by the most piteous
appeals, raise money enoughi to purchase the
negro and set him at liberty. Sometnes
they do not succeed, but they generally
make the attempt.
"Now, it strikes us that the moral effect
o-f this sort of business is decidedly bad ;
and we are certain that it springs from a
nmotive which, down here, is not considered
sound or estinmable. In the first place, it
induces unobserving men to believe that
there is great friendship for Southern insti
tutions ini New York; amnd thus they faill
asleep in the notion that we have only got to
let our Northern brethren manage this atiair,
andl all will be well.I
" Secondly: thme custom prevails nowhere
else in the Free States; and it is suspected
that it obtaiins in New York simply for a
mercantile purpose. If trade can be kept in
'bld channels by a few men occasionally
getting together and c->ntributing each ier
dollamrs or so, why it is an iivestiment which
is decidedly profitaible.
"But we contend that it is, calculated to
increamse in the North the odiousness of the
Fugitive Slave Law, and thus : Their pur
chatsing of fugitives (some three or four per
annum) proceeds upon the presumption that
both slavery and the law are evils; but the
latter, being a law, may not be evaded, ex
cept indirectly, i. e. by paying to the master
of the fugitive the price of its invasion and
nullification. If the property of a poor main
be seized in Ncw York for debt, no sub.
scriptions of this sort are set on foot; aiid
because around him every one recognize thme
justice of the law by whlich he is subjected
to the penalty. If the popular opinion in
New York were in a condition to do in this
case what is done in the case of fugitiv-e
slaves, that opinion would soon be sufficient
ly strong to work a change in the laws, and
the poor man's property would then be ex
empt from attachments. The precise effect
will occur in the other case.
These mnonied interfereiices with the law
indicate that it is unpopular, and only waits
a convV ent time to be set aside. Trhe
whole business proceeds in deepseated ob
jections to slavery and the law, which, in the
caso of the latter, are made subservient to
policy. Alaw whose stability rests on this
slender foundation can have no durability.
"If slavery cannot be defended on the
grounds of its abstract justice, it can have
no defence at all worthy of note; and no
good man can'give- it defence. We, there
fore, detest these expedients, which can only
last until power enough shall have been ae- 1
quired to get along without them." 1
WEATHER AND Caors IN TEXAs.-TleJ
Huntsville Item, of the 8th, says: " The sea
son thus far is beautiful in Texas for crops.
From all quarters our exchanges teem with
accounts of the abundance in prospect of I
corn-the staff of life. In our own neigh
borhood, in many places, it is in tassel, andt
some of our fairmers have enjoyed the luxury
of roasting ears. It is everywhere so far
ad.vanced that even a drought would not now
affet its maturity. Of cotton we are not
yet prepared to speak, as it- generally is the 'v
last of the summer before an opinion can be t
formed. One thing we know, that is, eorn t
ha~s been much more extensirely planted than e
cotton, as indeed it should be, it being no- ti
cessary for the life of both man and. beast. Y
' Less money but muore food' appears to have ti
EDGEFIELD Ms Os .
THURSDAY; MAY 20, 1852.
OUR APOLOCY,
WE desired to make a feW editorial remarks in
o-days paper, but the unusual length of the
:ommunications prevents us from carrying our
wishes into efftcri. We are heartily glad to re
reive, and would freely publish, communications
)f the proper length and breathing the proper
pirit, and we sincerely trust that our correspon
ents will reform in both of the above failings.
It would be arrogance on our part, to say that
perspicacity and brevity are indispensible re
quisites to perfection in style-that one line of
poetry bore the palm from hundreds, and that
Sallust and Tacitus, (both remarkable for their
brevity) are still allowed to be models for imita
tation. " Brevity in addition to its other excel
lencies" says a learned writer, " has this'virtue
a short piece will always be read."
Mo TIlE " NoRTII AtiERICAN MISCELLANY
AND DOLLAR IAGAZNE," for May, teaches us
this morning. It is published by lessrs. ANGELL,
ENFEL & HEWITT, New York. We have not
had (since its arrival) leisure time for reading,
and therefore forbear any comments upon its
contents. One thing, however, we can say in
its favor, viz: that the subscription price is very
cheap, being only one dollar per annum, by no
means an unimportant circumstance.
REW WHEAT.
ON yesterday we were shown a beautiful sam
ple of early wheat from the plantation of our
worthy and * much esteemed fellow citizen, Mr.
AitoN LINDSAY. It is apparently perfectly ripe
and exceedingly fine tasted. We hope Mr. L.
will soon turn his crop into flotr, and let us have
a barrel or two, for the stock on hand at present,
is anything but palatable, tosay nothing of pay
ing $9 for it, per barrel.
THE FILL10RE MEETING.
TuE great mass meeting held by the friends of
MILLARD FILLMOaE, in the city of New York,
on the 10th inst., is said to have been "large and
spirited," an occasion full of interest and satis
faction to all the conservative portion of the
Whig party. The iHon. J. McPnEtsox BER
RIEN (Senator from Georgia) was one among the
invited guests. Mr. B. declined either attending
or addressing the meeting, but in a letter ad
dressed to the Committee of Imitation, expressed
himself openly and avowedly in favor of 31r.
FInL.utoRE fur the Presidency. The latter por.
tion of his .letter reads as follows-" if the ex
pression of an earnest desire, felt and cherished
not merely as a Southern inam, but also as an
American citizen, looking to the welfare of this
great Republic, in all its varied interests of an
anxious wish that lie may be nominated and
elected to that high office; if these sentiments
may be in any degree acceptable to the meeting,
I offer them to you as frankly as I entertain them
sincerely.
Senator B. also intimates that 31r. FILLMORE,
as the nominee of the National Convention for
the Presidency, would command a respectable
portion of the Democratic party in Georgia.
CONGRESSIONAL.
Tus news from Washington is exceedingly
dull and uninteresting. Inideed the members or~
both hottses are apparently fatigued, if not a little
Sds sted with the btsinmess beford hem-for we
s'f-r-wan-1ethdscus
sions upon thme hackneyed subject'of the Pubilic
Printing, postponed thtat qnestion until Wedttes
day next, and adjournen over until Montday,
making Saturday a rest (lay equtally with Sunday.
The Senate als, having exhatusted its whole
strength upon the " IDeficiency Bill," renewed its
flagging spirits, bty fullnowing the example oIf the
Ihouse, leavinig, says the Nationaml Ite llige'n
cer, the bill and the everlastintg quecstion still on
the table.
We must, htowever, compliment the Ihouse tup
on the earnest zeal and ardour with which it
entered upon its butsiness in thte beginning of last
week. 3More then forty Senate Bills atnd an
equal number of Ezecustive communications were
disposed of in quickorder, atnd to the great credit
of the Ihouse. If the intermintable and unintel
ligible printing question could be buried, busi
ness would go otn r:inpidly, and Congress, as well
as newspapers, would present a nmore interestintg
appearance.
Thte speeches of Mr. Irraa, Senator from
Virginia, upon the Deficienicy Bill, amnd particu
larly upon thte proposition to granit an increase of
compentsation to thme Collin's Line ofsteamers, are
spoken of as high and able efforts. Hie guards
thte public treasury with thte watchifulness of an
Argus, and as formidably as the Drogon in thte
Garden of the fespterides, bttt 3Mercury's and
Jason's are more tnmerous now-a-days, and his
sleclpless efyorts amnd incorruptible vigilance are
likely to prove tunavaihitng.
The P'residcntial question is still very mutch
agitated, and as yet all is unceertainty. We presume
things will wear an enttirely ditrerenit aspect after
the meeting of the Baltimore Democratic Con
vention. Then indeed the fightt will begin in
good earnest. The main issue in thme election
will be the Compromise measures, or who shall
have the distribution of fifty one millions of
dollars a year, and about forty thousand offices
more probably thte latter will be thte turning poit
in said clection, fur we deem the enforcing of the
Compromise measures cte -motlies~t jargon that
ever proceeded from a politicians mouth, the
rnenst gibberish, ithe most empty unmeaning
mound, as the ancient sage said of his wife's
rbusive scolding, it is " roz etprac lerea ihil."
f it should turn otut to be a contest for the loaves
nd fishes, thtere will be an unheartd of scramble.
Democrats, Whmigs, Abolitionists, Freesoilers,
Barnburners, the old Fogies and the new De
nocracy will all have a finger in the pie, forcibly
eninding us of thte marier'sm cry in the tempest,
*Hell is empty and all the Devil's arc here."
It is a source of much gratification, and re
lects great and additional honor upon our State
hat shte stands aloof from this contest for federal
onors and tiederal spoils. Be thme President who
s may, her sons expect little or nothing at his
ands. Brave aind noble and generous, though
hey may be, able arnd eloquent anddistinguishmed,
hey are nevertheless a piroscribed party, and a
oreigner might more reasonably expect an office1
tider the administration than a Soumth 'Caroli
*san,
If ou: State cannot elect a P'resident akin to
r at least in sentiment and feeling, let her stand
part- from the national scramble, thereby gaining
e admiration of her sister States, and ascending
step higliec' in thie scale of perfection.
A DUEL ON A- STE1ioAr.-The Louis
ille Courier ays thatt two passengers on
e steamer Charles fHnitunond, during herr
-ip from New Orleants to Lotuisville, ex.
anged three shots on the-hturrientne deck of
e buat. One of the party, a Texas paitnter,I
s shot in the arm. We couild not aseer
in the cause of thte misuinderstanding thatt 1
1 to the :tflhir. a
0OMMUNICATIONS,
a
FOX THE ADVERTISER. p
MESSRS. EDITORS:-Our attention has been 0
arrested by a portion of a long article, which S
appeared in your last issue, from your corres- 8
pondent " SWEET I-OME," which we consider
an unwarrantable taunt, amounting almost to an
insult, to those who have had the misfortune to it
be born in a foreign land, and who have taken 2
up their residence amongst you. le states that Y
when a Northern man tells him that he would t
fight for the South, he tells him that he is a
traitor. He appears to have no confidence in
the man who would, under any circumstance, r
fight against his native land, (forgetting that a
man's patriotism is due to the country to which
he has sworn allegiance.) lIe thinks it the duty
of a citizen, born elsewhere, to return home in S
time of war, rather than join the South, which
lie has always been taught to hate ; and should
he not do so, lie holds ltim guilty of either trea- .
son or falsehood* This, Messrs. Editors, is a
painful and unmerited insult to those strangers
among you who have identified themselves with
your country by marriage, by interest, and by
every thing that renders the domestic circle I
sacred and dear.
We had the misfortunt to be born in a distant I
land, and one of the first impressions placed on
our young and tender mind, was to look upon
African slavery as the blackest, and most out
rageous of all crins. .Under that impression
we were nurtured and raised. From infancy
our young and nistakert-sympathies were extited
hy the unfounded tales of sorrow and of woe, to
which we were told the African race was sub
ject. Those principles were instilled into our
mind by affectionate, but erring parents. Need
we then be surprised that those prej udices should
become so strong as almost to form a part of our
very nature, and, in some instances. prompt us
to declare eternal hostility to the South and her
institutions. Those sentiments followed us to i
manhood, when we found to our sorrow, that
African slavery was not the only species of
slavery which had an existence. We found our
self in the very midst of a slavery which ren
dered life itself intolerable, a slavery which did
not respect, but trampled under foot, the most
sacred rights of our common humanity. We
were surrounded on every hand by crime and
vice, poverty, suffering and starvation. Human
ity, in all its degraded and loathsome forms, was
ever hofore us, to render us disgusted with the
land of our birth, and the institutions by which
we were surround:d.
This was white slavery of a most appalling
nature.
While we were taught to look upon America
as the land of slavery, it was likewise associated
with our ideas of freedom, justice and equality,
and when our mind was oppressed by a sense of
degration, we looked upon this as being the only
country, in which we could earn a competent
livelihood, where our rights would be respected,
and where every honest man could have a
chance of earning for himseIlf an honorable dis
tinetion.
We had heard much of the philanthropy of
the Northern States. We lookedutponthmem as
the land in which the oppressed'of every nation,
en .rTnder this :mpression,i balle a
painful radieu to all thre associations of childhood,
to the friends and the country of odr birth. We
felt as if a new aind brighter era was about to
dawn upon our miserable existence-as though
old things were about to pass away and all thin~gs
become new.
After a long winter voyage we arrived in
Boston, Mrassachusetts, that boasted land of
freedom., We were sorrowful and dejected to
find their philanrthiropy false, rotten and eruel.
We found that all their symipathnies had been
exp~ended in behalf of thne Suouthern States ;they
had none left for the unifortunrate and oppressed
of their own race. We were despised, rejected,
insulted and almost spit upon, because we had i
thre misfortune to be born ini a distant country.
They' take a telescopic view of the miseries of
human life-they can see and feel for tire imnagi
nary evils under whiieh the Southern slaves are
doomied to live, while thne poverty, sull'ering anid i
crime by which they are msurrournded, pa~ss en-i
no:ieedi and unrelieved. Our soul turned wvith
disgust from such a state of things, anid after 4
seeking ini vain for freedom. justice arnd equality<
of which theny boast so much, we determiined tot
turn our course to thne land of negro slavery,
and to try our luck in thre Panretto State. t
We took our depiarture from Boston toc
Charleston aind exp~ecd, on our arrival, to wit
ness scenes of cruelty that would shoek tirei
most obdurate heart. It hard been representedi
to us that thre slaves wecre even yoked in wag
gonis in thre placee of horses, and wvere subjected
to the perpietual lash of the driver's whip. Ont
approaebing thre wvharf, we listened attenitively,
acruailly expecting to hearr thre shrieks arid cries 1
of the poor unfortunate slaves ; but we listened a
in vain. We entered the city arid found the r
streets full of negroes following their various s
occupations, well elaid and apparently cheerful p
anid contented. Being a perfect stranger, we t1
had great curiosity to see thne slases and witness tl
thre great abominations of slavery. A fter search- e
ing~ for three days, we ventured to enquire where q
the slaves were kept, and were told that they p
were in the streets. This brief revelation struck e
us with astonishmnenit, and from that moment we hi
began to learn that the South was slandered and ra
her institutions misrepresented. - il
Tire Southern people hand ever been chrarae
terized in our hearing as cruel, treacherous and
blood-thirsty. We ventured gradually to niake r
ourselves acquainted wihr them, and to our sur
prise found them the most brave, generous arid a
open hearted of all p~eople. They treated ua as
a man, not as an enemy and a foreigner. After t<
leaving home, we never found a practical friend ha
tiIl we arrived in South Carolina. After several ci
rears of observation arid investigation, our early tI
prejudices against thre South and her institutions
rave been removed entirely. Arid in justice to
he land of our adoption, we must say that since re
ve crossed Mason arnd D)ixorn's line wve have qm
een a stranger to those scenes of poverty, crime ii
ad distress, which were continually before us W.
n thme hireling States.t
In no portion of the world is thiere so much s
cal happiness, wcalth, virtue and contentment, th
s in the slave-holding States. The slaves are vc
rell fed, are strangers to want and. real hard
ibor, and laying aside the name of freedom, we -
o not hesitate to pronounce them the happiest y'e
nidk nanat cntntedfolrkirnr populationn r ath, ie
inee our residence amongst, you we have en
eavored, throug the medium -of a forcign
ress, to disabuse the public mind on the subject
r Southern slavery. We have identified our
-lf with you by marriage, have connected our
a1f with you as a slave-holder, and when your
outhern Rights Association was formed we
ere not the last to join you, and pledge our a I
I defence of your' 80' and her institutions.
Lfter doing all thi, gentlemen, is it right for
our correspondent:to impugn our motives or
accuse us either of treason or falsehood?
Vere we to leave our wife and children, (native
iarolinians) and ggback to our native land and
efuse to defend our domestic hearth, as your
orrespondent advises, we should indeed be a
-aitor and a coward of the deepest die. Anl
;hile we look back with sad feelings, to the
cenery and associations of our childhood, yet,
t the risk of being called a traitor, we do not
,esitati to assert that.we hate the institutions of
lie land that gave us birth. We feel ourself
nder ten thousand obligations to defend our
wn dear fife-side and the land of our adoption.
Ve have absolved ourself from all allegiance to
11 other powers. . Why, sir, accord ug to the
easonings of your correspondent, there were
nany of our revolutionary heroes (born in Eng
und) who fought, and died in the cause of your
ountry's liberty, but who, to use "SwEET
-oa:E's" own langpage, were "traiturs, who
mght to have died,
1 Unwept, unhonored, and unnung.'"
As we have already. trespassed too much on
-oui- columns and your patience, we will con
lIude, with a wish that your correspondent will
et us live in peace inh-the land of our adoption.
AN ENCI.isSTAN nY BiRTIh,
AN AMERICAN BY CnoICE,
A SdUTnIERNER IN PRINCIPLE.
FOR THE ADVERTISER.
MEsss. EDIEos:--In your last paper ap
ieared an article de omnibus rebus, but profes.
iing to be upon the subject of " Our M1ale
Academy."-Hmyreach an enormous enter
ainment, of -such almost interminable vari
ty of viands could$'e gotten up from so short a
ill of fare. is reallysurprising. The quantity is
imaing; the quality speaks for itself. If we
may be pardoned thimpiety, it irresistibly re
minds one of the mibaculous feeding of the mnul
titude upon a few loaves and fishes and of the
large amount of fragments left. We do not
propose to gather up the fragments left from this
literary surcharge, how amusing soever it might
be. We forego thij gratification from the per
suasion that the plaj would not be worth the
Laudle. It is merely to correct a single state
ment made by the rriter that we claim a small
space in your columns. The writcr states that
' The Trustees cannot get a Southern and will
not employ a Northern Teacher." It is not to
correct any impression that such a statement
can make in this comlmunity that we trouble you
with this Communiiation; but it may be read
abroad by persons who have no means of being
more correctly informned and thus prevent the
Trustees from receivig applications from Teach
ers who might be ablgehier acceptable to them.
For, we venture t~ 4y, and we speak advisedly,
that th~e assertion 4Lte alluded to is wholly
gratuijous and alt er unwarranted by any
the face of evciything to, the colitrary, itis a
little strange that' any one could suppose the
Trustees influenced by such narrow-contracted,
sickly, pseudo-patiiotic sentimnts as this writer
ins volunteered to attribute to thenm. The only
riualification they require in an applicant is,
merit. .The comnpetest, faithful teneher, native
yr not, Northern orSouthern. is eligible. We
educate our sons for the world and invite teach
ers from any and every quarter, whlo may pos
;ess the requisite qualification., to occupy our
racant Academy.
We cannot, like. your contributor, feel 'com
x'nsated for the ignaorance anad stupaidity of our
ons lay the patriotic refik etion that they have
>een taught by Teachiers whose only qunlifica
ion was, that they hailed from the Sunny South.
Sor can we wonder that any who gives such
mnmistakeable evidence of being home raised
lhouldl entertain such a patriotic horror of exot
es. .All things else being equal, wve prefer the
southaern Teacher. But such Techers are few
id far between ; and shall we close the doaors
>f our A cademies against able Teachers, Tench
tr, too, by profession, because they happiened
o be born North of a certain geographical line ?
Chalhl our children grow up in ignorance while
heir patriotic fathers are waiting for such a
hange in Southern sentimeint as shall eall the
amie talent to the Sool Room as is now found
ri the profession of Medicine, in thne Forum and
i the Pulpit ? Is it for pursuing such a course
s this that our Trustees are "econgratulated"
nd graciously promised the approving smiles of
le citizens of the District ? A way with such
atriotism ! .Let us -not he deceived by the
iiserable slang and the stale cant of ambitious
spirants for some political notoriety ; but let us
ather be solicitious aboaut furnishing for our
unsn and our daughters all the facilities in our
ower for acquiring a finished education. Let
icelBig-endians and the Little-endians spend
icir lives in profitless controversy about non
isentials, while we-with our inces set like flints.
aietly pursue the even tenor of our way, in the
rosecution of what we regard our truest inter
it. Thus, Meiasrs. ED:TORS, shall we, in our
umble opinion, be doing good to the rising gene
ition while visionaries content themselves with
Ic specnlations and impracticable theories.
TIUTII.
SINGULAR PYsiOoooCA1. FACr.-A letter
om Sharp's store, Dowvndes Ce., Ga., to the
[illedgeville Recorder, tells the following
ngular circumstance:
" In the year 1845, a little boy, the son of
?r. Ashley Lawson, got stranglied in trying
swallow a chinquepin, and from that time
has been troubled withI a cough similar to
oup every winter.' This spring his parents
ought lie wvould die, (being worse off than
mual) but he coughied up the ehinquepin.
nm examination it, hid a bonty covering about
me sixteenth of an inch thickron it. On
moving the osseous substance, the chin.
nepin wvas found to be perfectly sound, the
arnks were on it where he had scra[ped it I
ith his knife before trying to swallow it.
He is now in good health and is free from
e cough, with wvhich he has been troubled
long. Ini conclusion I would say, thnzt
ere are many respectable persona who will
uch for the truth'of thme above statement.r
Signed. . .. JAS. R. Fosson."
TIIE Duke of-Wellington is eighty-three '
mrs old, enjoying excellent health, lairge
,o, and p,1ltaty~a of moaney. P
FOR THE ADVERTISER.
Education in Edgefield.
MESSRS. EDITORS:-The physical, moral and
social condition of the South is much superior to
that of the North, which has the advantage over
the former, in no element of national greatness,
except as regards intelligence or education. '
'I had designed to argue this proposition close
ly and in all its details, but for the present, it
must suffice, simply to warn the farmers of
Edgefield against some of the most powerful
causes, which are at work, in the South and in
South Carolina, to prevent the spread of educa
tion.
The people of this State are the largest slave
holders in the Southern country. By the Cen
sus Returns of 1850, we have over 100,000
more slaves than whites in the State at large
and 6,117 more blacks than whites in the Dis
trict of Edgefield alone. In iississippi and
Louisiana also, the slaves have a small majority,
but in all the other Southern States the whites
are much the more numerous.
As the South Carolinian has more slaves than
any other farmer, so he must have a larger farm
for them to work. This is the cause or our very
sparse white population, which has a tendency
to become thiner every year, from various influ
enees in regions where slave labor is most profi
table. Abbeville, Laurens, Newberry, Fairfield,
Union, Chester, York and other Districts have
lost largely in white population, since the Census
of 1840 and gained immensely in slaves. In
the District of Edgeflield during the period of
tell years, between 1840 and '50, the gain inl
white population, was only 1,219, while the in
crease in blacks, was 5,107. A similar dispro
portion in the increase of the two races, occur
red in most of the middle and upper Districts,
while the lower part of the State, which has
heretofore been tile seat or wealth in South
Carolina, lost in blacks, but gained in white
population.
Tile thin settlement of the country, aflirds
but so many scholars, who live near enough, to
attend a given school. This alone makes it diffi
cult to find even a utited neighborhood, with
sufficient patronage to sustain a respectable Aca
demy.
The remedy for this evil is that our farmers
should begin to reclaim their hills. and gullies
and cease to enlarge their landed property,
which is becoming a sort of mania with them.
The maxim that even poor land is a good neigh
bor, has done fearful work, against education and
other interests, in South Carolina. The insatiate
propensity of this condensed bad sense, is gradu
ally driving our small land owners from the
country, and the undue encouragement, which
is given to the half gentlemen, or negro me
claiies, is also expelling tile nton-slavelldililing
artisan whom it is the trut policy of South Car
olina to conciliate.
"Ill fares the land, to hastening ills the prey.
Where wealth accumulates, and maen decay."
Luxury, ignorance and degeneracy, all flour
ish in such a country, as ill their native hot-bed.
But thin population is not the worst fue of
education in the South. It is lordly pride and
hlaughlty disdain, which fosters ignorance amlong~
theC masters of a slave community, and not any
inhterent defect in the system itself. Slavery at
existed. A Southern famer withl his I.lack
vassals, always reminds meC of an old Englishl
Baron, suchl as amet King .John at llunningmnede,
with sword ill lmnnd and exacted Magna Carla.
lie learns to regard hlis slaves, as retainers or
subjects, whoml he treats as a gouod King would
htis p~eople. Ile looks out from his castle upon a
plantation, or snmll kingdom, within the circum
ference of whieb., he is mtonarchl of all he sur
veys. This solitary reign nuakes hlimi desire to
govern still, when'h~e crosses his neighlbor's
boundary, or mingles in thle world. IH e is jeal
ous of hlis righlts, an~d has too mluchl conifidence
ill his own judgmtent, however erroneous it nmay
be, to sulTer eithler dictation, or diff'erencee of
opinmion. lHe is opposed to aill comphromises, be
cause thley imoply a mutual concession, or surren
der or somleting, that each party claimis.
A nd as8 tiis is neccessairy to establish or sup
port schlouls, hlence the abtsenlce of them~n in the
proudl District of Edgefield, whiech is filled withl
thle dleseendanlts of Virginlia gentleman and
English Cavaliers. Our pteople are noted for
thteir pride so much so, that a stranger passingr
thlrough Edgehield and A bbevi!le, can tell whmen
lie crosses the line of thle latter, h y thle thees thlat
he meets. The social stmile, an)~ cordial saluta
tin of A bbeville, give Plnce ahnoost immtediately,
to thte seowling brow and stern individuality of
Edgefiel.
Buht this is making a local application of a
general principal. Thme exessive pride of tile
Southlern people, prevents them from having
associatire aetion, ill any measure of public, or
private imaportanmce. It is next to impossible, for
us to hlave a long pull, a strong piull and at pull
altogethler, in co-operation of any kind.
E~ach one stands upon his own digtnity, and ir
lie cannot get things exactly to an iota as he
wvants them, he will not hlave them at all. InI
respect to schools, he will not comp~romise and
no-operate, in good faith as to where the school
house shlould be located, whlat sort of a building
erected, what teacher employed, whlat discipline
adopted, or what Text books used. Each one
must be leader tand sole dietator, in all these
difficult and delicate questions, or el'se lhe wvill
growl and shoew Is teeth, like a snarling Cur
ad thmen secede to having no schlool, employing
a private Tutor or senditng his chlild to a distance,
t quadruple the expense. This last is too often
10one, in obedience to this same morbid pride,
iccause it sounds bigger as is supposed, to say
lhnt young U~opeful was cducated by strangers.
Buat wvhat is worse still, nowv atnd then, wvhen
neighborhood could agree anld establish a good
ehool, it is cursed and pirevented by thle pre
ence of some over-proud, self-willed Bell Cows,
w-ho arc forever taking new directions, and
tooking those wI will not follow right, or
vrong. Sueh a imbition is worse than the
3og in the blanger. It is not even so creditable
s C.s~'s wish to be first in a Village, rather
han second at Rome. Indeed, I can compare
tto nothling, but the intolerance of a hluge Bull
luflolo, who aspires to have his herd follow him
linmdly, wvithout looking to the front, or rear, the
ight or left. Such a would-be-leader is inva
iably deserted by his followers, but unfortunate
Sfor our schools, the patrons disperse in tile
Lbellion.
I therefore beseech the fathlers of Edgefield to
iC aboen such ontenmnlibh sinenPetinsnd- eto 1
practise forbearance, conciliation and concession,
towards each other, not only in the establish
ment but also in the maintenance of schools. I
do hope that they will no longer be proud of
their ignorance as it were, but that they will go
to work, to make their Distriet, the paradise
that Abbeville is, where "health, peace and
competence" has intelligence added to it. Let
each one co-operate cordially with his neighbor
hood and my word for It, that our District will
soon be dotted with far-famed Academies.
Every father is an important and responsible
part of every community, and if he would be
happy, or intelligent, within himself and within
his family, he must worship his individuality less
and his household Gods the more-localize his
best affections within his own neighborhood, and
adorn his own vine and fig tree. It is of such
men that the best State is formed.
Sectarianism is another stumbling block in the
way of our Schools. It is not unfrequently the
entering wedge, that splits a community and
doubles the expense of bad edlucation, or pre
vents any education at all. It is true, that the
general principals of religion and morality, eon
tained in the Bible and Butler's Analogy, or
Leiber's Ethics and Paley's Moral Philosophy,
should be taught in every Academy, as far as
practicable, but the moment that Sectarian doc
trines and tenets are introdueed, that instant is
an apple of discord presented, which divides and
cripples, where all should be harmony, unanimi
ty nnd co-operation.
Sectaiianism fosters ignorance, increases the
expense of education, and feeds the children
upon blind bigotted prejudice, which they should
be taught to hate. Were it not sensitive ground,
it would be my delight to mnke a vigorous at
tack upon this staunch foe of education at the
South, but sufficient has been said, to warn our
farmers against allowing it to intermeddle with
school aflhirs, where it has no business. De
nominational schools may flourish in cities and
villages, but they never can thrive as a general
system in the country, where nearly all of our
people live thinly settled. An- Academy here,
needs the support of each and every man in its
vicinity to sustain it. Therefore neither pride,
nor Sectarianism should any longer divide us,
but let us all exclaim in the language of the
venerables CHEvEs, " be united, be united."
Divide and conquer was the maxim of old Rome,
and together we stand, divided we fall, may be
saii by the friends of every school in the coun
try.
The abominable practice of employing incom
petent teachers, at lean salaries and degrading
all school masters below the estimation in which
they should be held, is another strong working
influence against education at the South. As a
general rule, the value of every thing is in pro
portion to its cost and a competent teacher, one
worth having, who has acquired knowledge, has
the faculties of communieation and government
will, must and ought, to be well paid and es
teemed, or lie will quit the business. If the
patrons refuse their confidence and respcet t(
the teacher, the pupils will also, and the trusteem
should side with him, in nine eases out of ten
against the scholars, to quell their mutinoui
pride ana inmpatienee of wholesome restraint
It has been said with some justice,. that th<
e hitdren inb th. -de and ouer- - -lerts u
'*ier-eato,, ertt-ar parenits,, 'got
school where they please, and do as they please
or in other words, that there is little or ne
family governmnent.
Our educated young men should quit crowd.
ing the already overstocked professions, and
adopt the equally honorable callin~g of' teaching
the youmg idea how to shoot. I hope, that, I
shall not ask in vain, for an abler pen than mine,
to address them a letter on the suhijeet appealini
alike to their interest, good semnse anid patriotism,
to miake the name of an Edgefield school-mas
ter respectaible. Thme Advertiser is taking the
lead of thme up-country pnpers, and why should
not thme D.istrict at large boast an intelligence
worthmy of its Village sheet.
A bbeville, an adjoining District, has overconme
all the dlifieulties of thin population, agricultural
pride, illibernl Sectarianism,, inconmpetent teach
ers, and every other impediment. Besides the
honor of the thing, and the blessings to herself,
many of her citizens are becoming rich, by the
stream of capital that is flowing in fruom other
Districts, for tuition, board, clothing, ke. And
where did this move in thme cause of educationi
first begin ini that noble District ? It conmmeneed
with hmer farmers, nmd with thema it must conm
menee here, mr it will never begin at all. Edge
field District has about 40,000 inhmabitants in it,
and of these about 4,000 live in the- great cities
of Edgelield, llanmburg, Graniteville and Vau
cluse, of which the two latter are exclusively
manufacturing towns. Now, I ask the 36,1100
country inhabitants of Edgefield District, how
amuch longer will they rely on Edgefield and
Hamburg for education, whlen they are so s iit
up with political, professional, conmmercial and
social jealousies, that they cannot half educate
themselves.
The Ridge, Mount Enon, Plumb Brimneh,
Ihorn's Creek, and other neighborhoods ini Edge
field District, might soon become the rivals of
Greenwood and Cokesberry, if our sturdy old
farmers would address thetmselves to the task.
Let eachl Beamt Commpa.my, or neighborhood that
is identified in some other wvay, assemble in a
spirit of liberality and try whlat can be done.
]But above all things they shmorld be most careful
in selecting a proper and permanent locality for
the school and then erectinig a suitable build
ing. When these two things are well done an
Academy will take care of itself. There is they
a genius about the place, a guardian angel which
hovers over it amnd makes it
" The dear school-boy spot
We ne'er forget, though there we are forgot."
SWEET 1103E.
DEP'ARTUJRE OF EltssIoNARES.-Mr. Addi
son Mloflatt, Miss .Mary Denna, Miss Sarah
Blaikely and Miss Maria Hicks, under ap
pointmnent as tenehmers from tile American
Missionary Assoriation, sailed from New
Y'ork for Jamaiea on the 10th inst.
Anamisslon TO THE BAR.--We nlotice in
he Columbia papers that the Court o~f Ap
eacas, during its present session has admitted
he following gentlemen to practice in the
nw courts of this State: James E. Calhoun,
Wmn. C. Davis, William C. Harris, Paul H.
layne, Hewlet S. Moore, Archibald J. Shaw,
7'. F. Warley, James F. Walker.
And thme following were admitted to prae
ice as Solicitors in Equity: David Bailey,
ranmes Farrow, Thomas Frost, William A.
W[oore, Edwvard 3. Porter, C. A. Price, Archi
).,ld J.Rnu S l' C.S West
Later. from Europe.
ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMER ATLA
BALTIMORE. May 17, 1852.
The Ameriean Mail Steamship Atlanti
arrived at New York this morning, bringin
intelligence from Liverpool to the 5Lh, an
from Havre to the 4th inst.
The Briti'A Mail steamship Afriea arriv
at Liverpool on the morning of the 24 inst.
The Circular of Messrs. Gandy & Co Na
since the sailing of the British steamsfi
Canada, Cotton has been steady in the Liver
pool market, nr.d rather animnted. notwith
standing the henry imports. Holders mee
the demand readily. but evince ito dispositi
to receive lower rates. The market remain
in an unaltered state, except that purchase
are allowed to make greater choice. Sale
during the four days, including the 5th up t
the time of the sailing of the A., reache
forty-five thousand bales. The prices o
Tuesdny. 4th inst. were: Orleans Fair 5 3.4d
Mobile 5 3.8d., Uplands 5 1-4d.: Orlen
Middling 5 1-8d., Mobile 5d., and Tplands
15-16d.
At Mnnehester, there was a decided i
provement in all branches of trade, and be
ter prices oblined. .
Wheat had deLlined Id., and'Flour
Corn was firm and unchanged. Conso
closed at 99 1-2. American stocks we
quiet and unchanged.
The English ('ompany that barganined fo
the Gold Mines belonging to Col. Fremon
has backed out.
In France there are a great number of re
fusals to take the oath of allegiance to the
Prince President.
A REVIVAL IN CONGnEs.-Tt has been
sugtres-ed that a d:y be specially set apart
upon which Christians of every name
throughoul the Union. will meet in their re
spective places of worship and pray for
God's blessing upon the two Houses of Con
gress now in e.-sion, that there may be an
outpouring of his grace upon the hearts of
those who are l-gislating for the welfare of
their fellow countrymtuen and mankind.
Christians, vou should lrny for a revival
in Conzre,.-Baptist Recorder.
If the editc.r of the Recorder had been as
much about Washington as we have, whten
Congress was in session, lie would 's soon
think of sending a Missionary to Hell. to
convert. the Devil's Household ! With but
few exceptions, "Old Mastea" has given
over the Members of Congress to hardness
of heart-he has left thei it their idols, the
eight dollars per day.-Brownlow.
COTTON is KING.-Charles Dickens, in a
late number of his " Household Words."
after enumerating striking facts of the cotton
trade, says:
"Let any great social or physical convul
%ion visit the United States, and, England
would feel the shock from L.nd's End to
John. O'Groat's. The lives of nearly two
millions of our countrymen are dependent
upon the cotton crops of America; their
destiny may be suid, without any sort of
hyperbole, to hang upon a thread. Should
any dire eainily befall the land of cotton,.a
thousand of our merchant ships would rot
idly in dock; ten thousand mills must stop
.their busy looms; two thousand mouths
would starve for lack of food to feed them."
FATAL AccIDENT.-Mr. Jas. V. Elmore,
aged 25 Years, came to his death on Sunday
ntight last, by walking out of' the third story
winidow of' hi.s residence, No. 12 East Bay,
where he with his mot he:r was residing at the
rtime._..r. E1Riijr camne home on the..nigl
o tlie niidsiii~id ititig a iilr6T tea, re
tired to bed. The first intimation of ther
sad occurrence was ihe discovery or his body
on the pavement below by his mother, as she
came ont thme next mnornming. A jury was
.,nmmo~ned by~ Cor'oner Di-Vennix, :nd'a ver
dict given in :ieordanice with the above cir
eunstances.--Southern Standard, 18th inst.
THlE L.AW OF NEWPAEns.-1. All sub
scribers who, do not give express notice to
thte contrary, are con.,idered as wishing to
continue iheir .sulbscript ins.
2. It' snb-eribers order the discontinnane
of the'ir p:gers, the publishers may coi.tinue
to send them until arrenrages are paid.
3. ltf subscribers neglec't or refuse taking
their pap'hers from the li'es to which they are'
st-ut, u ley are held respon.,ible till their'bill.s
are settle.d, anud the.ir papeprs ordered to be
disconttiuted.
4. Tlhe Courts have decided that refusing
to take a tnewspatper or periodienl from the
uoflic'e, or remuovhng and leaving it unenlled
for, is prima facie evideLnce of intentional
t'rnud.
A5OTRER CI'nAN ExrEDITo.-There i*
snid to be no douht of' the orgiaizamion of
anoter Cuban expedition at the South,
TI':e "Lone Sitr Association," at New Or
Ieauns, is alleged to be busily at work in ar
ranging atlhiirs, with a view of makinig the
expe'dition in every way successful. A letter
to the New Yo'rk Express says: "Before
mnany months pass aiway you must not be at
surprnisedl to hear tha:t the star-spanmgled ban
ner waves viet oriously over the walls of the
Mloro V"
LoNGEvITY.-The New Bedford Mercury
sa'ys that therec iS a strip of land bordering
oni the sea in South Darusmouth, kntown as~
"Smith's Neck," which is about one mile in
width by one and a hallf miles in' lenugth,
Thte inhabitants otr this 'strip of' land:'are
mostly Quakers, who number 145, the ages
ot' twenty of' whom average 86 years, and
make an aggregate of 1729 years. Twelve
of this tnumtber have attainted to from 80 to
95 years, making an aggregate of 1135 years,
anud eight others (the comparatively middle
aged) aire now from 70 to 78 yeaurs of age.
This is an amuount of' longevity not often
paralleled.
THrE passage of the American clipper ship
Wit ch of' the WVave from China to the Downs
in 90 days, nstonuishes the English people.
She sailed round the world in ten numnts
and a half, including loading and discharging
at the above ports. T'he greatest distance
she ran in 24 hours, on the romjage to London,
wcas 330 mdtes.
SOUTH CARor:INA RAIL ROAD.-We uni
derstanid, for the first time since it was built,
the tip ated down trains yesterday passed
over the new road, around the inclined plane.
It is'descrijbed to us as a beautifnul atnd sub
stantial piece or work.-Constitutionalist.
COUNTERFEI' GOLD DOLLAR.-We were
shown recently, says the N. 0. Pieuyune, a
speciment of a counterfeit gold dollar, which
might easily deceive many persons whose
attettion wazs not drawn to the subject.
The counterf'eit is sensibly lighter than the
genuuine gold dollar ; it is also thicker, and
the figures and letters on both sides are by
no means so sharply or so finely cut.
L.vrmn Fnos UIm'r.-Advices from Port an Prince
tate that thme Empesror, a day or two befo're his coronn
on, dtistributed Cimsses or Honor to the foretgn Consuls,
which were accepted by' the French and Eagtish Con