Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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LAJa 99 DeturatIC 3fournaI:, Ulaote to souttjeti AMI]Mtjt, Nlwou*31, f t ut - Ut~act, AftetutrtrS'i~~, ~ ~ fIUt~,$ "We will cling ft the Pillars ofthe 'Veplo of and i~~ f it mus fall, we will rersh dMU Ifi IiD W. Jr. DUmISOIC, Prepricuer. EDGEw'r-F-' S. 0, JUNE 5, 1851. VL ~mrt . - LIKE AN OPEN, ONEST HEART IUike an open,-honest heart, Where frankness loves to dwell, Which has no placefor base deceit, Nor.holloikwords can tell; But in- wij@$bbings plain are seen, Thehiu oTj tthe mind, Whose gentle breathings utter naught -reButiecents true and kind. .1 sorn that one whose empty act .And honeyed words of art, Betray the feelings of the soul, With perfidy's keen dart; No more, kind friends, in such confide, Nor in their kindness trust, For black ingratitude but turns Pure friendship to disgust. Contempt is but a gentle word, A feeling far too mild, For one who confidence betrays, And guilt has sore beguiled; The hate which helish fiends evince, When the dark torments tossed, Is not more loathsome to the soul, Thant one to honor lost. t Then give me one with heart as free And generous as the air; Whose ready hand and greeting kind Give proof that truth-is there; g Whose smiling countenance well shows v Affection warm is found, ,And springas pure as saints,whose notes t ,Through Heaven's vault resound. r * riends and I'ortune. "'N. SAXUL WITHERS at at the age P twenty-one, found himself in posses- ti -si of freedorm and fortune. A rich old i un'e. who acted as guardian on the desth 4t Smithers' father, had brought f hiinag in great seclusion at a country d town a good many miles from New York. After E deceAt intrial, the young gentle- v i=anCame'to -the great metropolis to see ri alittle of life, and was, as might be ex- b pected codipletely dazzlidand bewildered ti by the splendoi of Gothi" p ' bOne of hiariarlest isits was to Peale's a Museum, where ie ied not to be sMit- I ten-by the'ec'ihms :of a' dancer and sin- V gergzwhot im.alLtheg 6iry ofviniting, h regue#ggane -andartifrei flowers, pi- 6 routted and yarbied iightly to the- admi it her nt and steps parti lyto-this -mno *"d .very erdant.admirer. .He sg ~s!entsactionf geWpHed by an p amile he tir*hejr asboquet; s< tito .hey heart andraisedit to R Hadit been" ssible, he would w h d ims n the spot. As g a w nt to the Astor, and dreased 1fie enchantress, and the next al idrning illedat her hQuse, and-obtain eZ permisson of her mother to pay her a S repeil.vsit. Though Miss Celestine C was ignoriant and conceited, her charms ir completely blinded the poor young gen- a tieman, and'4hen he took his leaVe of x her, he left his heart behind him. h, On his sedond visit, he carried with al him a Cashinere shawl, which was grate- ti fully and gracefully accepted. At the e end of the first week's acquaintance, he b made her a present-of a necklack of bril- h linsand a-set of pearl ornaments, which t< cost-him five thousand dollars. It was a ti very extraiagant present, but then wvas ' not the lady destined for his bridei Three e weeks passed away in estacy, and the p deeply enamored youth was all the while s screwinge up .his courage to propose. v 'Though infinitely superior to the foolish Ia and volatile creature who had enslated I him, he considered himself so vastly be neath her, that she inspired him with as I much awe as if she had been an empress,. at the very least. What, then, was the astonishment, hor ror and grief of Mr."Smithers, when one morning the waiter handed himi the fol 148wing note ...fra: It giyesme great pain to inform ( y'ou t1hat you. at an egregious dupe. Though a stranger to you, I could not witness. the injuryy .done a,. gentlemnan of hraetei- and~ fortupe, without protesting. against it. Miss. Calestine Rigadon, of Bai-num's, who is now.seeking to plunder and' doceive you, is an arrant coquette. She is enggdto be married to a French barerin C thm street, and w~ill only gretend'to favii( your addresses so long slihe canoubtditi money of you. I am prepared to fiurnish evidence of the truth of myj assertions, and for that purpose will await upon you about dinner time. * Respectfully, your friend, - AUGUsTUs FLASHER. -Mr..n ithers' correspondent kept his appointment punetbsally. He was a young man of forty, with very black whiskers and a -large amohant of shirt-collar and jewelry,:and stated that he was a comn ,riihidanmerchiant doing business in Wall Street. rlis manners were exceedingly prepossessing,. and-aftr the infinite ser rice Ed had done Smithers in oppning his eye to~the mercenary character of Miss Rtigadoon, Smithers- could do no less than ask him to dinner. That evening they wesat to the theate together, and the ~et 1day to the .races on the Union %Qurse. -In short, they became very inti snate, and Smithers, after having dismissed tim fd. ae MioCGma fromn his thoughts. blessed his stars for making him acquaint. ed with an agreeable companion, a man of the world, and a true friend. Flasher taught Smithers to despise economy, got 1im a horse, dog cheap for five hundred dollars, bought tickets in his name for all the raffles going, and went with him to avery place of amusement at his expense. Flasher was engaged in a very flour shing business, according to his own ac :ount; but he soon developed a very sin ;ular mania for obtaining his friend's au tographs. He required, however, some hing more than mere autographs; it was iecessary that they should be appended .o little slips of paper called checks, or something figured on the backs of writ. en documents, all having reference to mnidry sums of money to be converted o the use of the aforesaid Augustus Flasher. Going on at this rate, it is not at all mrprising that, after the lapse of a good nany months, Smithers should receive a sotice from the bank one morning, that I ke.had overdrawn his account. At the ame time several trades-people presented heir "little bill," a commercial term for ery long accounts, with a polite request t or immediate payment. Smithers sent t is horse to Tattersalls, and then. learnt J sr the first time that he was badly spa. ined, and not worth fifty dollars. He lew to his friend Flasher's, and found liat gentleman was out of town. Seve al other intimate friends, whom he had 1 bliged at various times, were convenient- r y absent when he called. After a des. arate struggle to recall some of the seat- P ared fragments of his fortune, Smithers 1 i despair fled from the imperial city. i Some months after his departure, the C llowing appeared in one of the Phila- t elphia papers: " Among the bold adventurers who a rere among the first to explore the au iferous soil of California, a young man ythe name of Skamil'Srithers is pai. elarly distinguished. Forese'ing the iofit't be derived from the union of a trongiwill'aud undaunted perseverance, v! eK has pldnged boldly into the valley G 'atered by the Sacramineto, and there g itcemployed himself-in diggi so suic q ssfuly,-4hat he has been- liter heap g-upgold.W-e are: assured tht e has mte~ boks y, glmie mores ln e % milionsth preious metal" a This notice, copied into the.New.York . pers, was.hetown talk for, a week. It r onxached. the eyes of Miss Celestine t igadoon.and Mr..Augustus Flasher, who w ere both much astounded at the intelli- ol ance. Some time later, the New tork Her. .g d contained the following . i " Wonders will nevet eease. Young mithers, formerly of this city, but now in alifornia, is undoubtedly the richest nWan e the world, Astonishing as it may ti pear, he has found blocks of goldV eighing four hundred pounds. Four andred pounds! the inagination ferCoils; stounded, before the prodigioustess of P is fact. It is unqUestiofable trute, how ver, that Smithers possesses tdt millions g ut billions. Satisfied with his success; e is about to abandon fmining and fetrfri d > New York to spend (a mSere conven- e onal phrase, for his purse %s 1hotomless) S rat he has acquired by his industry and ~ nterprise. It is said, uforeover, and here erhaps romance invades the provinee of , ober history, thathe returns to New York, a ith the intention of inarrying a 3'oung i idy, the sincerity of whose attachment e e once doubted. It is ertain that het il neither meet with refusal nor levity. Iappy Smithers !" Later yet the same jolitnal stated i "Samuel Smithers, Esq., the celebrfted alifornian, arrived in town fo-day, and I stoided those who knew his wealth; y the simplicity of his attire, and by e aging board at the Pig and Whistle in ~hatham street, instead of one of the rack hotels. It is true, as wre before I ited, that he hias a love affair on .thee ps.-More in our next edition." amithers was smoking his cigar quietly n his hotel, when the door of his room >)dted, and Augustus Flasher rushed nto his arms. ." My dear fellow--welcome to New t ork.~ I forgive you for running awayi is you did.-Allow me to congratulate fou. Ah ! we shall have'ufatny a good ime together. But business before plea. ure. You knowv I am indebted to you n the sum of five thousand dollars. You call that a trifle I knowr-but it was some thing to me at the tirme you advanced it. ere it is in current bank notes. Just count 'em and see if they are all right Smithers did so, and put them in his pocket with an indifferent air. A fewv minutes afterwards, the waiter brought him a large sealed package and a note. He opened the note, and read as follows: " Dere, dere Mister Smithers,-I al ways loved you-so i did-and i most ried my Is out when you desarted me and went oph without Never so much as biddin' me good Bi. But we wont speke. of troubles enny more. You've eome back and we'll be very happy-won't wei But for fere as you shosld think me mor-enry i send you theni Oimonts and perles wot you give me a long while bak. Take back the jewels but giv me wot I want, your true harts affeeshuns. Yours tell deth, CELESTINE RICADooV." "The artful minx!" said Mr. Nasher, as he read the letter over his friend's shoul der. "She has dismissed" the French barber, and now she thinks sie has you sure. It was a sharp idea, sending back the jewels, but I hope you're not green enough to marry her." "Not I!" replied Smithers-" I have got my eye teeth cut netw, I assure you. I can read her and you too, Mr. Flasher." Flasher laughed feebly as- he encoun tered Smithers' eye-but he changed :olor. "I've got back part of my fortune I quandered," continued Smithers-" and [ mean to keep it. But before we part -ompany, Flasher, I want to tell you a iecret-I HAVEN'T BEEN TO CALIFORNUA 1" PEECE or EE-GOv. 1ABROOR, BEFORE THE CONVENTION OF SOUTHERN RIGHTS ASSOCIATIONs, AT CHARLESTON. MR. PRESIDENT :-The remarks I am about o offer, are, I am satisfied, in accordance with he opinion entertained by the people of St. ohn's Colleton, and I believe, of the citi ens of the Indian Land, (York District,) by rhose Association I have been honored with , seat on this floor. I hid not designed to ddress this Convention, for the reasons as. igned by me yesterday, but circumstances ave occurred which render a change in my esolutiou entirely proper, if not necessary. Vhile inviting your attention to only a few oints, I cannot withhold the expression of iy regret that from the ascertained wish of ie members to vote on the Report of the lommittee at-an early hour to-day, I am-pre ented from discussing at length all the ,pics which have been introduced into the ebate. Without further preface, [ plunge t once in meadias res. All the Southern States, except-Mississippi ad South Carolina, have directly or indirect r, bent the knee to the. central authority. 'be two yet -unsubdued communities are ow in the situation in which Attica and acedamon Iwere when, threatened with in- 1 ision by Darius. , Many 'of the States of i reece, it willsbe remenibered, had promptly ranted- the usual symbols 'of subjection- 1 rth and water-but when. the-two heralds 1 'heo had been deputed to visit Athens on I eir boastful mssion, arrived, one f tei I as ti'wifl iit Id well, iidthe- 6thei- it iL itali. In-11tflimsenrabi ~ lthaftt ent ye,,the acknowi gment tat-toher . 1' Greece was indebted for her freedom and A aisence n' a nation. At'a subsequent.pe-i od, although weakened, morally and physi Mly by the division tiat previled between I e partizans of' Themistoeles and Aristides, hen, too, instead of a magnanimous union I its strength, the States of Greece, struck ith panic, seemed resolved to leave their I allant sister to her fate, many of them even i gloriously siding with the invaders, Athens i )t only maintained the liberties of the coun- 1 y, but gaie to the Grecian character and 1 evation and influence that it never berore ijoyed. South Carolina may yet fully merit te cogromen of the Attica of our Republic. ete she no* to pioffer to the heralds from 7ashington the toked.s of submission, she ould be instiumental in recording With her dn dipped in the ink of infamy, not only the ownfal1 of the Southern wing of our Con deracy, tut piostiation of the cause df Con titutional liberty... The first proposition I desfre t' advance n the nattei bfore 6s, is, that if the South rn Stites will not resist a series of aggres rye agts, involving principle, passed &uring ne of Conigfess, 'they will not resist one un rafantabie measure, no matter when it may ecornde a lait. . IPo what 1Iate they submit ed ? Let the following very brief statemen~t nswer>-=First, the admission of California to the Union, it is do'needed, destroyed the quality between the States. The founda ion pillar on which rested the superstructure 'f our politieal edifice, *as; at that time, by ho operation of sinister and exteral infid .nces, trac~eable to the Federal Exwetitive nd abolitionl energy and vIiiiance, razed o its foundation :- seconidly,%y emancipat pg the slave, if the master violate thie law uppressing the slave trade in the District of Jolumbia, ,Congress has ,assumed the power eveling the distinction betiteen thieSotith fn -owner and his property ; thirdly, in dis rembering a Southern State by means 'of he Federal Treastt' , to which the South ontirtirtes two thirds, in order, under. the Iimsy guise of settling a disputed question, o convert the separated Territory into a free state, the Genefal Goveinrent has rosorted o a new and alarnring expedient to elevate me section of the Union by the debasement if the other. The principle of .equality 11e-' ween the members of the Confederacy hay ng been yielded by the South, Congress, ith her consent; is now fully empowered to nerease the numerical strength of the North. rho high and firm ground on which we rested io longer exists. It is gone forever. If A is a right to the piirse, of B, the latter has io right to resist him when he' demands it. I will now take up' the Georgia platform,. ad attempt to satisfy the meeting that the recent act of submission by that'S.tate was intended to be permanent, in despite of the ormal manifesto of her Convention. That' body, it is now known, was opposed- to any. pledge for the future. Mr. 'Toomibs, 'the author of the fouth resolution,, openly ex pressed his~eonviction that the members of Congress fronm the North,' frieridly to the South, required of 'his Sfate strong Words' and, angry declarations; to enable 'them t-o satisfy .their constituents 'by appealing to the solemn decision of Georgia. The resolution, therefore, is a mere brutumfulmen-a harm less paper bulletin. In not one of the iidvsrtised contiaigoies will Georgia Interpose her sovereignty'i Ha ingnequiesefIn the 'principle which'invests Congress with the right of liberating-h-alave, no mnitaWr for what rason. it will be diffliant iio to it blic mind as to bring it to 4 the point o . ition, if that body, with I the- consent. abolish slavery in the c District.of: 4 s:.abecause, as the juris- i diction of-t~ eral Government over the F ten 'mnile.s Js "exclusive," it will be d aligned tha. gtn exereise any authority c within.itii winch the Legislature of a o State can e people.- If it-abolish the i slave- trade the States, the argument t that Conrt .1popstitutionally coinpetent ( to regulate merce betwe6n them, and a that slavis erty, are embraced in that a provision, 1ist cause"reflection and 1 hesitationo ( rt of those who have al- tl readysub greater outrages.-Practi- ai cally,,these utable ineasures, in sub- 'I mission pqrf U11 inflict no positive evils o on Georg'; -.rate, the danger is too s4 remote .o h e consequences of dis. ti solving - this. kius -Union." Utah and c< Mexico-wilt: tted into the Confedera- ti cy as free S y means of the same arti- ri flees. and-ins expedients which intro- m duced -Calif to- our political family. ti There will 'cessity formally to repeal pi the -fi V Ahw. It is already en- ai tombe.-c' - ti For. the r ;thus summarily assigned, w it may safel redicted, that Georgia and bi the advocaes er policy have abandoned ht all purpose o ng by concertid or separ- er ate'atiODi, sent wrongs or probable st futured cue. My second sition is, that it is not ne cessary for eml-Government to com- of mit ano -o and that-the mere ope- se ration o p o " measures must, st] sooner, or'ate ihilate our domestic in- ex stitutions; entry, that unreasonable de delay by Son lina, is dangerous, and a ought to bsav -. in fw California, eno. State,. will,. in a few fet years, be divi[ ntothree or four States. of Two new f tes will be established within the T carved from the bosom- ju Df Texas. - de Utah and N exico,-under cover of the wl Wilmot Pro. ,manufactured, we shall Dc W solemnly solely by their own peo- pal ile, will ye ly ask to be numbered ne imong the no St~ites of the Union. C1 It-is already that, by the census just di aken, the pow the North will be greatly Tic nereased.ini couneiL. thi The ordi e of events,. aided by fom ieasures itis y' for Congress, without no reating alarii. opt, may, and probably til ill, at theuex de,-ehibit to the South of he astounding e of forty-five- mem- str )ers.of the Co ey, of Aich. only fif- lot en will be.sa din This.will imspre hei o te Noth. a ority in Con crl to. -lY.Zae !athe aifter is taartfullylade i m d zealous]. pose6ed, has a.majority in ins hielebtoi Colle"aid inti Senate. and ai 'leie ofRepsentatireIn a word that sli he power and patronage of-the Government tre ar under ibe control; Let-it also be kept po rominently in.view,,that the .Central Gov- mi rnment is the interpreter of its .own acts; an hat it has virtually nullified the provision of wi he Constitution in relation 4 amendments, tit nd that-assisted bya fanatical public senti- tic nent, it is -aiming. by virtue of a power to ed )e possessed, or in obeidience to an authority tei vhich overrides the Federal Compact, forever Co o dissolve the tenure Ahieh unites the mas- he dr with the slave. . Having:borna our Condition. 6f inferiority re or .ten years, or until 1860, with only an oc- po !sional abullition of indignant feeling, Con- tri Press, having stealthily advanced further on pu he ioad of enefon6hment, but not so fat as th o awaken serious suspicion, living, as we rai Aill have dopei on the forbearance of a Gov- so arnment which ha already substituted inva- co mion for protection-broken in spirit, and so th, ieustomed to insult as to receive it without w erotin, we shall then be ready to bow sub- tec nissively to th6 edicts of our federal master. pi The " Compromise- measures".-have been cc isuicient to dissolve old party ties. Whigs th and Deinocrat# are, still engaged in a strug- to ge foj the asdondancy. The forfeiture of -ar rinciple in a contdst between their respec- si: ive Stated and the Federal Government, it C< Seems, is too weak an- instrument to over- at ome the power of nneient political afiities. to Hand the two parties in the South, forgetting w: eisting feuds, consented to unite on tihe o' ommon platform 'of pryteetion to Southern fu ights,. theinfgurf would at least have been m favoable to-their preservation. But no such hi glad tidings have greeted the ear, the ins and le teouts-are -still at war, .and hope for the cm fture is annually becoming less certain. m T'he Whigs and a portion of the Democrats or ave indeed'eaaleseed in a sister State, but til far that'purpmbe'! To: force the- South into a dishonorable and. ruinons concession, to al cmpel her-to submit ,to federal legislation, vi so revoltingto. South Carolina, that on that is account nierely, she may yet bid adieu for- te ever tolier copartners. .t But othet eventa, ftming to one calami- p< toes re-sult, as well as t6 the dissipation of all 'l hoe'of union in the South, must happen, if ec unreasonable delay be our policy~ etc Agitationwihl-shortly recommence in Con- 51 gress, and-atetheNorth, oni a. plan bettor ar- tl ranged and more systematic and sweeping P than~lhe.most vivid imagination is capable of ti portraying.. The effects on our homes of a I bitter diseessioli, already too prolonged, in g which, on' one-side inflammatory languiage 0 will-be usedanudincendiary suggestions of- 0 fered, are too plain to- be: prominently pre- ti seted to your notice. Unless speedily ar- e rested, it may'be thatthe scnes of horror h ad devastation wvhich the fiendish ambition c of an' lag isi alone' capable of conceiving,' will, at-no remote period be attempted to be t realized'-somewhere in our Southern limits, a .Again, .procrastinationl will .give time to. r centfaml auth.ority to.exert~its whole power im greatly weakenmng, if nolt~destroymng the prc- 1 snt impregnablepdsition which South Care- t lia now proudly occupies. 1his historically-true, 'that-the majority, if 11 it-be a-decided' one, is able at any time to a distract and. divide the .counsels of a minori- ia ty. . The. President of athe, United' States, c wielding the patronage of .the Government, i ajid hi ng-sthiiscomnlrfd a large fund for~ I; neret urposes, cnn create, and: sustain a 'overnment party in any State in the Union ,et it be proclaimed that he and an abolitioi ohort are now at work in our noble Com ionwealth. The unceasing vigilence of thi eople alone can detect the numerous scheme esigned to entrap them. Already, in on( f te upper Districts has the programme o: peration been developed. Substantially, ii to divide and conquer us, as was said yes .rday by my friend from Prince Williams Ron. W. F. Colcock.) In the district jusi lluded to, it has been unblushingly pro iulged, that our present contest with the orth is for the sole purpose of maintaining is rights of the slaveholders of the Parishes A a few of the Districts of the States. 'his is a false and wicked allegation. Its bvious aim is to array against each other, as tetions, the up-country and low-country, iereby diverting your attention from the mmon enemy to a matter about which oere never has been and never can be a se ous dispute. In furtherance of the same alicious end, I have been assured that, at *e next meeting of the Legislaturd, the pro. >sition for electing electors for President id Vice President of the United States by e people, to which, it has long been known, a of the low-country are opposed, will again submitted for consideration, When we xe fought the great battle in which we are gaged, requiring, as it does, our undivided rength, it will be quite time enough to dis ss matters of local interest. Further-he takes a very contracted view the subject, who supposes that the pre rvation of the existence of our peculiar in tutions is the only cause of our present citement. Another and a higher subject mands our attention. It is whether this is Republic or a Consolidated Government; tether we live under a Constitutional Con leracy, or the States are mere dependants a great central head. If the Federal Government be the final Ige of its own acts, and it can enforce its :rees at the point of the bayonet-powers deh both the Legislative and Executive partments openly claim-then the Com t to which Butler, Rutledge and the Pinck ys affixed their names in behalf of South rolina, is no longer in operation-then its eretion and not the Constitution is the asure of the powers of. Congress. Al ugh ultimately, emanclpation in some m that body hopes to effedt, Yet, it would , if it could, accomplish that object at this ie. Its freesoil supporters love the fruits our industry'too well for that They *ill iggle hard to-keep us-in the Union. Our ,;if the- submission doctrine' prevail; is eafter-to-be-overssers of our own planta. ns fortheirbenefit.-Their-present -ii*. ai hofV iSoA'1 o r 1&jist es, the duiti&sfn imports. *at If htly,'fhenheavily increasbd--tho Fedeial asrj -annualty emptied into' Northern kekts-grandprojectsa of internal ifipiove nit proseuted-the public lands divided ong the States hostile t6 ofir institutions, th exeeptions enough to appease the appe of the malcontents of the opposig see n; in fine, no device will remain unresort to, that, while dreating no serious discon it at the South, might tend to isolate South rolina and paralize the patriotic ardor of r people. I have thos, Mr. President, unfolded my isons against unprofitable delay in the im rtant issue befor the country. If it be e, as every speakr in this body and every blic man in our community has asserted, it the Southern members of this Confede :y have virtually been deprived of their vereignty, and by the usurpations of their mmon agent they have irrev.ocably lost Air position of equality in the Union; that are a degraded people, and have submit Ito wrongs to which the history of Re blics furnish no parallel. If' I have sue sfully demonstrated my two propositions, t the Southtern States are, measurely; es pped from any future attempts at resist c, and that for the destrucetion of our wye institntions no further aggression; by >ngress, need be attempted, then this State, the meeting of her Convention;, will have respond to the solemn interrog'atory, other or not she holds her destiny in her n hands; ivhether unaided, she shall un r the baniner of scesssion, or candidly ad it. her inability successfuhllj t6 dope ivith r oppressors. .We shall be obliged fear ssly to mneet the issue. Tfhe Convention nnot finally adjontrn unttil our noble doin onwelth recovei-s her rights in the .Union, -'takes her station amonig the nations of world. It is often as1ked, why~ South Cai-olina has tays been ,prominent on questions invol g Southern and State rights-the answer at hand. Because shte is more deeply in rested in the maintenance of Southern in itations than any oth~er State-her slave pulation exceeding the white by about 3,0 persons, or more than one fourith; be use 81he is not only strictly an agricultural >mmunity, but her people cultivate the same aple commodity, for the production of wvhich te aid of the African is indispensable. Every anter or farmer, therefore who can afford buy a slave, is the owner of one; because ia very remarkable degree we are a home eerous people-except in places of trade, ur population is unniixed; lastly, because ur statesmen in Congress and at home, as te only certain means of insuring the politi il well-being of the State, the secern of er institutions, and the perpetuity of the nstitutional compact, have steadily resisted veryv attempt to enlarge the jurisdiction of i departments of the. Federal Government, nd increase the centrifietal tendency of the tembers of the confederation. For these esos, our'State has on all occasions ex ibited an unanimity rarely equalled, on ques. ons of high political iniport. It is admitted by every one that, in per. as thIs .our final struggle for State as well Southern rights, co..operation is eminently esirable. To obtain it, there is neverthelest point beyoud which it would be impolitie, i o dankerouis to go. South Carolina, in re ition certainly to her .reserved.-rights, is: o....im and indenendent community. Tr her and her alone; our allegiance is due. 1 our mother, by her bosom we are nourishe and sustained, Let the belief be once in pressed on the mind that, as a member of i great southern family, her fate is in the hands, subject alone to the action of a unite will, and you strip her at once of the noblei attributes of a brave and patriotic people. In this connexion well may I inqur whether peace is never again to visit our boi ders: whether, as citizens, we shall one more sit content under our own vine and fA tree. For one-fouth of a century, I hat been contesting to the best of my humbl ability the rapid advance of consolidatioi principles. In 1832, I was told, as I nov am, to wait awhile-be patient-your neigh bors will soon see the subject in the ligh through which you view it; then, by union we shall quickly demolish the temple whicl is being substituted for the great politica: edifice erected by our fathers. What is nou the condition of the Southern community', What was its situation even at the period'ol our nullification controversy I So deep is my conviction, that the annihilation of South Carolina, as a sovereign State, has been re. solved upon, and that her death will be a slow and torturing one, that before God I declare I should greatly prefer meeting at once the enemy in deadly conflict, than to endure the the painful solicitude and anxious watchings to which I have been so long subjected. Causes beyond her control have placed South Carolina in a very delicate and highly responsible position. Her duty to her South ern sister States, to the Union, and to her. self, constitutes a triple obligation, which, at this period of difficulty and alarm, is of ab sorbinginterest. All t'hatl ask of her friends and foes is to believe that the State has re solved on her course-that the issue of life or death is already before them, and that the time has arrived for both North and South to arouse from their lethargy. The crisis de mands it, Liberty and humanity plead for a hearing. This meeting, if it does not reflect the judgement of the Districts and Parishes, is, in my opinion, a fair exponent of the settled resolution of the people of the State. In the course of. my Executive tour the. last sum mer, I did not see one man, nor one woman, who did me the honor to converse with me on the subject, who was hot an advocate for the doctrine of secession from the Union-not the Union of'89, but the Union under which we i ominiously live, and whose despotic mandates we are commanded to obey. This deel ri is.stridtly applieableonly. to th doUntV" In oui 'ei'inF s -akdillages ther ls'd oof s Niiuati'oto theA bdefiudi ~hera been urgeA it, thsi rejdetai by the' Cominttee. To the argument df Opatience," abvanced: by, my friend froni Anderson, (ifon. . Oft,) than whom no one in our 6ominnitk I respect more highly, I have already replied at length. . In the otirse of his speetgh he said that, by sedessiuri, South Carolina todMild be a foreign power; hence, that the .at of Con gaess in relation to the importation of Mlaves, would prevent that property from being taken out of the Stat .LWhether the act referred to would apply in the contingency supposed, I do not stop to inquire. It is enough for me to observe that the evils of a redundant black population, Whether South Carolina be in or oht of the Union, Would not be experi enced by her f6f perhaps half a eentury.-In the meanivhile; the law would operate bene ficially, by meastrably constraining our agri culturists to teinain at home, and cultivate a prolific soili one-sixth part of which still re mains nintilled. It may hefe be6asked: How will the State recover. het abstonded slaves? I answer, under the fugitive slave law, if she still be a nieinber of the Confederation; otherwvise, by an extradition treaty with the United States. If the lattei- reinso aniy afiagement on the snlljett, what may we expect of our sister communites, especially Georgia and North Carolina? Will they, on demar.o, decline surrendering runawvay slaves? If so, will these be permitted to go at large in their limits as freemen? May not the General Governient, by this negative process, or b refusing an act of international justice, effeet emancipation in those States? In the ab. sence of some formal agreement between Sonth Carolina and the Central Government, or her and the Southern States on this sub. ject, our State would not be the only suffer. er. The slaves of Georgia and North Caro. lina would come within our borders for the very purpose that ours would seek an asylun in their territory. The result is that neces. sity would compel at least the Cotton States if the gloomy anticipations of the timid be realized, practically to enter into an extradi. tion stipulation with South Cataliria, My valued friend, the senior United State! Senator, (Judge Butler,) in eninerating thc opinions of parties and .classes concerni the probable future position of this State informed us that one class of politicians hai asserted, that Congress would repeal the ael making Charleston, Beaufort and George town, ports of entry.-Now, whether this b< done or not, those towns would undoubtedly be declared ports of entry by South Carolina Foreign nations would, in that event, hav< to determine the expedience of recognizini the independence of the State. Should vessel enter the port of Charleston, how wil the.,United States prevent the payment o duties un her cargo ? By force ? That wvoubl be .wvar. But further, there are some thing which Congress is required by the letter e obvious interpretation of the Constitution ti do which it cannot undo. The matter befor ns is one of' them. Whatever plausible-ree sons might be assigned for the longer cor tinuance of Beaufort and Georgetown as pr of entry, they cannot by any perversion e language be considered applicable to Charles 'ton. To repeal the act in reference to. al .our ports, would be in direct contraventio1 Sof the 2d section of the 4th artic'le of the C6r st itntion of the United Stntes. which dclare s tiat "the citizens of each State shall be St d tied to all privileges and immunities of'elti t- zens in the several- States," and to tke-ith a clause of the 9th section of the Tht urtielb;to ir wit, that "no preference shall begiven bysn)i d regulation of commerce or revenue to'li0 ;t ports of one State over those of'an6ther.. nor shall vessels bound to, or from one'Sate. r, be obliged to enter, or pay duties in anth'e"' -- To the "dollar and cent" argument, or, e the commercial embarrassments that would< ensue from secesidon, so minutely iaffbly traced by the Senator, Ihave 'onl'iWfew re. 3 marks to submit. In a great -uetion of i liberty or of State existeneeeftaryeon. r siderations ought not to weigh 'leather. Besides, the calamities .lhat woiildhappen now, would befall us at any future time. The inference therefore, cannot be blinked,. i that no State, whatever be the ehimcter and extent -of the provocation, shoifld; single handed determine het- own courser In all revolutions-for practically secession Is a revolutionary measure-pecuniary difficul ties, and public and private distress, have to be encountered. Whether peaceful o oth'er. wise, an interruption to trade and the ordi nary business of society, must be-ekperienced. No government was ever pulled dowh and another established without a moral'coniul. sion. I freely admit then, that many'f-the results. to Charleston, and:indirectly-tothe State. brought to your attention by my.friend, might take place. He has told: you what Congress might do. I will now.informyou what that body is prohibited from doing. First, it cannot lay a tax or duty -on-articles "exported from any' State;" dcnsequently on that head our metropolis wiltlafferno daMr age; secondly, it cannot, if -Soith Carolink be in the Union, impose 4-higher duty' o goods introduced into her limit4t4han if they came from Pennsylvania or Georgia, because the Constitution.is explicit,.that&all duties, imposts, and excises,shallbe uniforynthrough out the.United States." .Whil sthiiifore, a moderate tariff for. revenue parposes .-ill operate advantageously on our citizens, there will be n6'new obstacles to surmoint by the people of the States withwi"ism we are'no v carry on a profitable comrieainicdeousc. Custom house officers eitilihed-Vn'th Savannah river and our easirn'neilhbo?? border, would have to be erete'd ith thie consent of the States of Georri i- rth Carolina... Will the request: o-theGovernr ment be granted, when the.o bjeet known This Federal expedient totembarrassa State, because it will not-vubmitCtowron and - gressi would be certainito-t. o no g nuen ces that Con gressin" vlrot l teserva tl~ f uli ta lt adopM.Southi. edisconent, woud Jwil to meet. In deotending for th ieepssityo1 a Navy, which South Caroliisild b nable for manytyto establish, the Senator is of' opinion,; our fla i ht be insulted, even by the R'60ibli of rm It is known that more than one half thiittons of the world are without a naval stablishment. Why are their flags respected 1 International comi: ty. It is this practically conventional law, - with the incentive of interest, which protects political communities in the.early stages of their existence. Nations, like individuals, have their periods, of youth, manhood and! old agre. At two of these periods, both are equally and unavoidaply liable to become the victims of lawless violence and oppression. The beat protection for our.ships is the rich ness of their cargoes. Moreoverour Cotton, Rice and lumber are transported abroad rare ly in our own vessels. We do not send them' away.-They are taken hway. While thet~r is not a single product of Nortliern industry that South Carolina really needs foreconsump' tion, her staple commodities are essentiallf necessary to the welbeineofzthat sections of our common coutttry. 'f,. in -future, we3'. should visit it for.trading purpse, thie se Ier would scarcely offer ans in nty to the~ buyer, although the latter sny b a-slave holder. Our late United States Senatot' (R. W Barnwell,) for,. whom the publig .aie well. aware I entertain an exalted dpinfontissaim ed. in his speech -of yesterday,.thiarked by great ability, several positions which, I feel assured, have made a strong.npression on this body. Reflection, however; enalls the to say that, in my opinion,' thef do not all. stand the test of examinadion.-If he re marked, South Cairolint''befrg 'out of. the Union, her Souther-n aster cSthtes, f action of the Government, or from ainy other causd, should perishas slaveholding cotiiunities,' she would inevitably Imeet .their fate; in * other words, the Southern States itiust sink or swim together.-Whence, then, the policy or nccessity of secession ? If my friend''s proposition be true; which I adfalt, its con verse, I apprehend, is equally true: that is, should South Carolina, as a seceded State, be deprived, by fore or - otherwise, of her slave property, will not the same means that. efrected it bear destructively on her p resent,* co-States, although members of the 'Union? .' It is this conviction that *ould effeetually deter the latter fr-ofn do'mg any act that might injuriously operate o'ii the iftstitutine1 of the former. The blow that' prostrates her will be fatal to them.-In-the Union the : IStates of the South never have been, and r nevei- will be, one people in action. Elxecu I tive patronage,..and a posilon- for Federal honors and distinction, Cwil! alone forever r prevent, it. As- ai independent community, unless the chiaract~er ,andinotives of men are a changed, theyrwould be the moral governors * . of the world. - I dissent from the opinion of my friend,3 a that the institation, of - slavery rests on a f stronger, .founidation .iow than it, ever, ha - one. It is true that, by the steady assaullts .~ I of the abolitionists, a portion of,tlie coifeder- * acy have been inucalba ytoesaniing - this subjectdu all it& daesand'ielations,' i and the result"is i tlierough conicItion that 7