Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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From the Augusta Gnstittutinali.t. NEGROES IN CALIFORNIA. The fruits of the whig policy in the South against the further extension of bla very, are now apparent in Califurnia. If California becmitues a free State In this Union, Southern whigs will he to blame for it. But for A. 11. Stephens and Rob ert Toombs, Esquires, and their Southern c6nfederates in In:ress, and the South. eru whig papers, such as the Chronicle E Sentinel, there ,would be vow a large amount of slave population in California. 'The Souther slavOholders would hae been there in thousands with their slaves, and deriving fromi the gold mines rit h ru wards of slaVe labor. Three or furi- ihou. sand d>llars to the hand are now realized there by the few slavelolders that have boldly ventured to assert their rights as co-equals in the confederacy, with North ern citizens, and claimed to enjoy upon the soil of our new acquisitions, the pro perty which is recogii.ed as theirs by the Constitution of the United States. Read the following btatetment in the Alabama Journal: "NEGRoEs IN CALronr..-Tt has long been apparent, since 'Ar. P4,lk pur chased the Mexical territories, declaringl at the same tine, that they not, from1 the nature of things. be free territory-that the oly way to make theta slave States was for slaveholders to emiigrate there wiih their property in sufficient numbers to cuntrol the policy of the country. Tliat they could have done so with safety to their property, is now tpparent. Those from this quarter who carried negroes have had no troublo with them, and it is found they adhere to their tmasters there with greater zeal and devotion that cisewhiere. Seve ral have written back expressing their re grets that they (lid not carry with them-n hands frot their plantations, A gentle man from Alacon county ,ho took out three goods hands, has wriiin back th;-t lie hires thema out at three hundred dollars per month each, and has lhad no diflirulty in retaining them. Every man there is so Mimersed in his own absorbing pursuits that he has no time or inclitiation to inter fere with the busiuess ofo:hers. or engage, even if so inclined, in abolition moxe inet's. luch the lar,:est portion of the population at the mines having the means, it is stated, would purchase negroes to- aid them, were they in market. A portion of the work at the mines-the excavating. is hard and difficult and must ie accomplished by manual labor-henco the great necessi ty and advantage of the services (if able bodied negroes. If the soutlhern emigrants had invested their capital itt negroes in the place of goods, &c., which they took with them, their labor would have rapidly made them intdependent, and their exatm pie would have been followed by others with their slaves. in sufficient nutliers to have controlled the policy of the territory. -rho pan set on fltot las; year by Ir. Howard, of Georgia. for large bodies to go in compauy would, there is little have been sumccseful if it had beeu cartled out. C-a panies of twetty, fifty or a hundred, set tling together would be able to protect their property in all emergencies, if, by niy eyaeTr totl-Oeeudairgcreh.- we learn that many have this enterprise still in con-emplatiou, and as the season approa ches for the passage of the Ibatmus, we trust it will be carried out." T he comtment o f tlte Atllanta lntelli. gencer upotn this editorial is worthy of nrote. " We htave no doubt but that M r. llow urd would have succeeded in his pi;n, had it not been opposed lby ccrtain editorsita nurn State for political effect at the North. What have they gained by tbeir opposi It cannot be doubted tat the cottrse of certain whtg editoirs in Georgia aided ma teriatlly to thrtow cold water upon the p-lan of Mr. Robert RI. Iloward, to fortt an emti grating Comtpany with their slaves from this. State to California. These editors were sustaitning alesstrs. Sterhens attd Toombsa in their position that slavery could not be carried to California utntil Cotngress passed a law pertmitting it-that California n'a ftree soil-made so by Mexican laws which the antnexatint didi ntot abrogate, andl that when a slave touched thatt soil bte became ipso facto free. This is the doctrine of' athe Northeran wvhips, free soilers, and abolitionists. This is thte doctrine th;at leat:on espoused int order to ettnry favor with the North. 'lThis is thec doctrine that it suited thte policy of certain n hig leaders aind editors in '.icor gia-as it dlid certia whig editors antd ',eaders. in Ketntneky, Virgiatia, Tennessee and h1i iSouri. and other slatve htolding .States, to p)reacht. It wa;s the advoracy of tiS doctrine t hat was thle most ellectual oppotsition to slave etmigra tiotn to Cit ifortnia that cottld htavo been adtoptedl. The freec soilers attd abolition;ists couldl not htave asked tnore elfectual aid lromn the Sooth - .. ern whtigs. it played rightt ittto their htands. It pleased~ sttch mten as Fillmnote, * Tom'Ewing, and honest Jacob Collatmer to naicety. - 1t will doubtless encourage them to ex pect othter andI forther aid from their South ern Whig allies.. hlow did thtis doctrine aid thtem ? It did so b)y discourngiun' ettigration. "Prope-rty is- timtid."h iena are unitvillintg to itncur the alightest risk of loss of prop)1erty, and ow-. ners of slaves ale especially timid, owing to the faculties of' volitiotn and locommtion wvith which that species of property is en do-wed. Thte question asked by thte Intelligerncer is not a ptleasatnt onte for "certain edilors," to- answer. " Whlat have they gainted bty their otiposition." They have gained the -prerention of the further extension of stu. cery. This is what Mir. Stephens has gained by the defeat oif the Clayton Comtt promise 15i1l. This is what the Southern Whigs have gained bey holdintg to, and in sisting on the doctrine, that slavery could tnot be carited itnto Californtia, unless Con-. gress legalized it by legislation. The Chronicle S& Sentinel has gainecd a favorite poitnt. tmaintaincd by thtat press, that it wcas lad policy for the South to die. *ire the further c.rtension of slatery. Trhe Kenttucky Conavetnion w'ns, at last * dotes, absorbed in the discussioni ofthe article on slavery. Froam the tmanner in which some of the speekers argue, atnd the general tone of thte debate, ia will ntot onaly be a bone of contetntion. lbut -is likely to result in mtaking~ Kentucky miore a slave Mteau eer. EDGEFIELD C. 11. WED.NEs.AY. No-F-rEi 7, 18D. 17 WVe present to our readers in our paper this week very little edittorial titter in conse gtence of the absence of the Edito:.. An%oft li-Homicide.-We aitonntee Wtih regrut iat a negro n,am belonging to Wil. 'uLm L. Dorn, Es-1., of this District, was brought t> pienatne de.ith by undue correction ot the 2.th %It. The circumstances of the case as nearly as we can gtther them, are the folloWying. The negr-i and another negro belmging to the falne gentleiman,had stolen a considerable qiai tiiy of gold ditst from their masters gold mill, two young men in, the service of Alr. Dorn, Whe one n1amed James Coleman, and the other Richard Griflin, the latter a Gei,rgian, in en deavoring to abstract the Irnih of the matter from ole of the negroes, by whipiing with a leather strap. did nt nicely measure the extent of punishment iifietnd, and con seqnditly the negro died on the Wednesday following. An inlest was held over the body of the deceased, and rendered a verdict to the followitg effect: That the deceased cmme to his death by whip. ping inflicled by Janes Coleman and flichard Grillin. Both the g ilty pers0n3 hilve fled from jiustice. and are suipposed ,o be it the State of Georgia. FOR THE ADVEITISER. Ma EuTon:-l-rmn1 the last commu nicationif an --Old Planter," it seems that there still exists wit It him, doubt, as to my accuracy in the measurement of the crj and land ; tihich is not at all unirea sulpble. Tit doubt is humai. Not satisfied with our own efforts, we are too apt to impute to those, false and incorrect nigions, who, by proper attention to the laws that govern success, rea) for themselves a rich and bountiful harvest. 'l'hat youth is sanguine, is as true, as that old age i6 credulous and unwilling to accede to the popular opinion, that this is the age of improvement. Had Fulton, forty years ago, divulged to "O!d Planter," his ideas, relativo to the improvements that ultimately n%ould be made from the efTects of steam power, he could not have evinced more astonilinicist than lie now exhibiis. Having somo idea of " Od Planter's " whereabouts, it is not asiouishing to me, that lie should manif'est so much doubt in a matter of this kind. l1ad I have stated, that instead bfr0 bushels ofI of one acre, I had gathered 15, with the same involun tary wonder, would " Old Planter " have exclaimed, "can this be so." -- A.,,ap _ai-awle4s.hvlinidf.rant itofut to my mode of culture. the price of land per acre and is fertility, I will deavor to satisfy him -pou that p which, of all others, seemed to admit inuch doubt and uncertainty, *But th yards equare is mote than anl acre, a an in stepping off ground, is apt tr eeed three feet at a step, antd more cially when lhe is steppinig off an ar corn t) be mecasuredl." This we adi be true. Bunt, may we not sometimies comie tinder as well as~ go oiver the mark. There flmay e.ist, however, the same dis propjortionedl leugth, anid inaccuracy in the Surveyors Chtai anid Copass, that '-Old Plantters " asmtitess, has enabled him to discover in the length o'f legs. of the biped race, and the~ exaiggerated stride, oh a man stepiping nff' an acre of corn to be mea sured. I dIo not kntow how the '* Old Gentlemen,"for such he calls himself, atnd ca en settle mis comrovertedl point, unless we refer to the Notes *of 31aj.or Isaac Boles, who, in, his survey of the landl, makes it 2ij acres, instead oif 23, and the one aere, one acre and 12 perches. lie also, measured the width of the rows, which arc not qulite 34 feet, the corn one foot in stead of a font anid a half. As he wishes mec to give hiimi time number of bushels coni tainecd ini a erib 18 feet long,. 14 feet wide and 11 feet d1eep, agreeable to the way in which I at first Ruagdh toy ownt cribis, I wtill dio so. M1ultiply the leegiki by the breathI, atid that produoct hy the depthI, antd divide that by 2, or itn other words, half thte latter product, and thtat will give you 1386 bushels, which by referinig to [looper, on the measurement of cortn, we finemd to be incorrect. lIe says multiply the length by the breath, atnd that product by the depth, ai divide that by 5, then subtract the qu otient from thle dividend anid divide the remain intg produte' by 2, which will give himt instead of 10 bushels, 11094. This Iconsider to be, thec must coirrect mcithod of guniging. Liy the application of which rule. in the imeastremnit of toy own eritis, I hase only matde off of 2-li acres S35 bu shlc, inistead of 11000, which is etqual or nearly so to 1000 odr of 23 acres. The di menisions of t'y largest crihi, is as follows, 18 feet long, 10 feet and five inchtes wide and 2 feet deep. Theo other 18 feet long, 10 feet wide, atnd ihe corn 34 feet deep. 'iThe coin thmat I gathered niff of the one acre and twelve percbes. afhter battling ini the fourth load, n hieh was the last, 1 liad tImat shucked ouIt anti tmeasured wvitha a half tiushel. The haulinig of which four loads, I aticnded to myself,-they were equal and well proportionmed. CTe propoition of 4 Old Planter," ini regatrd to G-10 bushels, I (It nth consitder foir. Should I make G39 bus~hels anid 3 piecks, I shituid ho comnpellet- to sacerifice that qmanitity, at 25 cents Per bushel. 1 amn willing however, as I before retmmked, to rmake the elfurt, anid h;ave "Old Plin ter," zpptiitted Chairmnan of she meiaso rngt Commiiit:ee. G. bl. BLtoexIn. * We could tnot nppend the fic'h niotes of Maj. Liowles owitng to te- latentess oif the hour at which we received this comtmnintin. lint ii it is desired they shall a ppear in our next. NEGRoEs tN DiEsEt:ET.-A letter from ithe Great Salt Lake hlormotn City, says theteo is a settlemnt fifty tmiles from that city of me nineii t tg negrocs, carryimg oti fritming lar,,ely. ANOTHER MURDER. A friend in Lexington furnisies 0s the following particulars of a-most deplorable event : "Lexington District has been, -vthin a few days' past, the scene of a fiurder whicb the time of its perpetration .eiders extremely revolting. A man by the-hamo of Louis Siack-who resides near John Coogler, some thirteen miles from Colun bia-of a ilissipated character, heing.withal strange and peculiar in many of his notions and actions. was murdered during the night of the 31st of October. by. Edward A. lodges, a respectable citizen of this District. "Stack wa a married man, the father of several children and has on several oc casions, upon the death and burial' of a child. exhumed the body, retaining it seve ral dayt, and then imerring agn. A daugher of his having recently died in Columbia, was buried there; but Stack, in one of his odd whims, in conjunction with others persons, drove a wagon.down to the grave, disinterred the body, and brought it up to his own house-designing to iutet it by tho graves of his departed children. 6 It appears, from the miost correct state ments given, (as the evidence of the per sons present has not yet been taken,) that [lodges was at a neighboring house on tie road ott the evening of the 31st-a Mr. lluffnan's. rime short distance off-whea he wats sent for by Stack to come and-set up with Ihe corpse at his house. lie con plied with the reqnear. and was accompa nied there by a Mr. Hughes. On his arrival, he was asked in and treated very kindly. It is thought, from appearances, that Stack wassober-Ilhouli ie was then in the possession of liqt1ol, and given at such tine to drink deeply. whetn he was exceedingly irri-able 'and insulting. It seems that a conversation commenced, concerning some trifling mat ter, lwhen Stack, differing from Hodges, iecamo violotly vexed, and gave him the lie, which was promptly returned by Hod-ges. Whereupon, Stack immediately sprang up, seized upon a loaded gun, and made cirect at him to shoot him. In the ncantime, Hodges made for the dear; but. on retreting out, being closely pressed by Stack, drew his knife in self defence, seized upon tle gun, averting the muzzle from his body. made several flourishes and thrusts around with his knife to keep him off-itnflictingjseveral wounds one of which, striking against tle left cheek, inflicted a flesh wound, another severed the temporal artery on the right temple, and the third divided the jugular on the right of the neck -a deadlr/ wound-which prostrated Mr. Stack forthwith. "With singular presence of mind, Hod. ges sewed up-the wound sovering tIhe jnga lur, thereby stopping the lcopious effusion of blood. Stack expired the following day. When Stack fell, his body struck the corpse, overturning it ott the floor; and there, awful to say, by the exhumed burly of the daughter, lay the body of the frather, weltering in his blood. Hodges has been taken into, custody. We regret the Ia meutahle occurrence.-South Car;, ... .., inauiu uus nave grated harshly upont tmy ear-s for tIre last timte. I amn now at libert, and there is not mtanifested by the great 'mass of thte comtmutnity the least dispositior. to treat me even disrespect folly. TJhuo mren who had baunded them selves together in this place under the terms "Safety Conmmittee,'' and whto, itt order to keep themselves' safe from trte ac ion of the l.aw against them for their lawless conduct hravo proclaitmed themselves.'above hre law.' arid n ho, from the time they cast me ito prison up to tIre momet appointen to rush me through the .forms of a public trial, had kept'every instrument in mrotiomn to excite trhe country anrd bring tire people up to the lev~el orf theirown famna ticismi arnd cruelty. have had the tables most completely turned upon thetm. Thelr yiomtanry of tIhe land crome upi to Court, from thte diff'ercnt parts oif thle Dis trict, with a stern rebuke to the spirit of disorrde-r written on their faces. Istead of being prepared, as tmy etnemies ha,d varinly honped, to act against mec with tIre injustice of art excited populace, somte of them were importunate that I should turn tupon my prursuers, atnd give some of thetm a chance to occupy the seime dark hole into which they had so wantortly throat me. Tiho truthr is, the great heart of r le Itonest atnd conrsider~ane prrt iont of this cornrrity beat in symipathy with my wrotrgs. Theoy saiw tIre base irnjusrice thrat had been done, and were wvillinig and even anxioius that reparatiotn should be tmade. These mnanifestaitions were nut to be mistaken by tIhe "Safety cotmmite." W.hen they saw all their hopes of irreak iii' vergenre upon mo tefr the fincied in juries of the Northt had vanished, thecy took coutnsel togethter as to what was to be done, atrd determined that my case shouldi trot lie tried during tire present- sestsin; that ifirecessary, certatn of threir brother hroodl should go befure tIre Court and make allidavit that in tIre case of thre said J. SI. Iiarrett, rlhere was some irmportatrt testi nmnny thrar, durring the whole summier they had been slarrnderinrg and persecutitng himt, they had tort been by any mearns able to raise, and that, thterefore, they were trot at present prepiared to try the case, and they tnust have six months longer to get tan imiportant testimnry. Tlhcre is much more yet which in a short time I hc pre to give to the public. Sleanwhrile, I horpe you will be kind enough to pubbmfsh this hrasty sketch. I start fur Iome in a fewv mnomtenIt. - J1. M. BARalETT, A striking ev~idlence of tire wvisdom of tIre settlers of rinrcsota is afforded by thre actiont of tIre Legislature in passing a vote 'irectitng tIhe Secretary to subiscribe for all the niewspnapers puhulshted'in tIre Territory. from tire time of their commencement. l'hese papers are to be bound yearly and epusitied in tIne libirary as at valuable istory of tIre time, for future reference. Sceretsanrc never lnun-livcd. From the Sounth Garolini.n. TIE BANK-INDEBTEDNESS TC THE STATE. We have endeavored to prove that it i. an error to suppose that the State derivet very large profits from its Bank. Wt have shown that this is an error, even ij we do not take into consideration the sink. ing fund, which, for the last 27 years, ha! forned in varying amounts as truly a por. iion of its capital as any other fund in its possession. If we take that fund into ae. count, the balance due the State by the Bank wi!l, of course, he much larger than the amount which we have heretorore sta ted. In order to make this appear, we take the statement of the B-ank itself, made in 1847 and 1848. of its actual capital from J814 to 1848, year by year. We presume no one will challenge the accura cy uf that statement. It has every ap pearance of being the result of elaborate caleu lation. We then debit the Bank vith amounts paid in as capital, 81,372,422 0 R. R. Bank dividens and in terest, 37.340 00 Surplus revenue, 1,05t,42 09 Fire Loan f1ouds, value re ceived by Bank, 3,810,253 37 Inierest at 7 per cent. on ave rage actual capital for 36 years, as per statement of Batik, (see reports and ac comianying documents, 1847 and '46,) 4,8G6.642 00 $9.l137.908 06 We place to the credit of '.he Bank all of the payments which appear in the re ports uf) to the 1st of October, IS-4; and in order to make it as plain as pjossible, we place first the payments stated as hav ing been made up to October. 1847, and then the subseueut ones to Ist October, 1848, viz : .loneys paid into Treasury previous to 1822, and interest, $G13.106 64 Interest on Stato debt, 1,849.950 45 Subscription to Railroad, 200,000 00 Revolutionary debt, sixes and threes, 248.892 87 Six per cents to Oct. 1817, 990,376 06 Five per cts. to " " 744,523 54 Six per cts. on account sub scription advanced by the State to R. It. Company, 152,G43 OS Six per cents not due till 1850-52, 6,035 03 Five per ets. of R. R. Batik capital, 835 05 Five per cents of Fire Loan, not due until 1858 and '68, 26,606 67 Intorest and exponses on State Loan, fives ani sixes 108,527 65 To balance due State, 4,136,548 42 .ec$9,137,908 06 It hence appears, that if wie charge the Bank with 7 per cent. per annum from 1814, (and this it mnust be shown to have made to justify the character of ordinary proitablenees.) it still owes the State $4. 136,548 42. on account of the agregate amount of moneys of all anre- --i ' S.....MsB and non exislenti b>us, &Sc., and ttntil it is made appiarei, we must wvithhtold ottr belief. 11 surely will not be objected that we charge 7 per cent. per annum on the atn nuail averaces stated by the Bank itself as c'apit al. If it is, the objectors must relin quish: their argument in lavor of a re char ter as far as it is found upon the great pruofit?'bleness of the Bank. We have endeavored to put the matter in the fairest light; have drawn our state.. mnents froam those of the 13imk itself, and of its advocates; ntid are tnot aware of ainy omission. Andi we presume to think thait we have provetd that, by the most lavora-. bIe statement to the Bank, it has refunded only a stmall portion of the capital invested and, by the latter anti most equittable method of making otut the account, it has not reimbursed the Stato to the extent of a thirtieth part of the funds with which it has, from time to time been etndowedl. We do not pretend to say that very satisfacto ry reasons cannot be given, why the profits of t he Bank have been so moderate. On that point we have niot hing to say at pres.. enit. To enter upon it, would open an annst boundless fieldl of inquiry, that we do not intendl now to explore. The fact simply of the State being now engagedl in a busitness wvhich has not commended itself to public stupport by the realition, of tempting profits, is that which we aim at substantiating. But it may he said, abthough, as the ac count stoodl in October, 1848, it may appear that the Bank had repaid the State a mere trifle, and still owed it within a fraction its endowment, yet it had ample funds in its possession to reimburse the St ate the whole of thatt endowment, over and abovo the 7 per cent. intorest with which you have persisted in charging it. Let us see how this matter stands. Let us see if this be clear. WVhat was the Bank statement on ihe 1st of October, 1848 ? That statement dleclares, that at that time. the Rank hel: tissetts to the amount of $5,912,026 74; and that on the same day, exclusively of its liabilility to the State Treasury, amountitng to $63,150 00 for cash received, and of its other liabilities to the same, antd exclusive of its liability to the State for its original capital, it owed other parties 52,398.516 21, to wit : To issues, or bill or note holiders, $1,691,830* To bills payable, 140,000 "1Drafts in tranisitu, 15,0G1 44 De'poisitors, 551,724 77 Balance, 3,513,510 53 $5,912,026 74 'No-rE.-We state as, the Bank does, the is sns andi tnt the circulation; which then was 5773,2141 25, anid wh,ir.h inore accurately shtows the debt to note holders. Bitt the account is in nwise really a,ffected bty this, as the Dank htas full credit for $919,615 75, (the difference.) among its declared assatts of 55,912.026 74. In othier words, it is on both sides of the tac count. Thtis we state ex sbundanti cantela, It thus is manifest, that on tihe 1st of October, 1S48. the Bank had a clear bal. alnce of $3.513 510 53, minus S65.150 00, to pay 81,136,543 42, duo the State for capital of all sorts, and the profits on that capiial a 7 per cent per annum. If we are correct in our calculations, and if we have omitted no credits, (aid we certainly have designedly amitted none,) it cannot in the4ce of this be pretended that the banking of tihe State is a seven per cent. business. Q. E. D. Z. KOSSUTI'S APPSAL. By the arrival of the papers, brought t by tile Europa, we ar; put in possession of a noble letter from Kossuth, to Lord Palmerston, appealing to him, in the sad dilemma in which he and his companions are placed. The Sultan gave the refugees protection, but now, it appears, makes ihe dishntnoralule proposition that the price of his protection must he the abandonment of their fitith and religion. We trust that the succor so promptly granted by En,, land, and its apparent endorsement by the Republic of France, may have its elfect. Christcndom ought not, cannot, submit to such outrage. There are some eloquent and glorious0 passages in the appeal of Kossuth, hut our limits will not permit more thlin the few brief extracts below : 'A fresh letter from his majesty the Czar arrived in Constantinople, and its consequence was the suggestion sent to us by an express messenger of the Turkish Government, that the Poles and Hlunga rians, and in particular myself, Count Casimir Bathiany, 11inister of Foreign AfTairs of H ungary under my Government, and the Generals Messaros and Perezel, (all present here,) would be surrendered unless we chose to atsjure the faith of our forefarthers in the religion of Christ and become Musselnans. And thus live thous. and Christians are placed in the terrible alternative either of facing the scalrold or of purchasing their lives by abandoning their faith. So low is fallen the once mighty Turkey, that she can devise no other means to answcr or evade tite de mands of Russia. --Words, fail me to quantity these aston ishing suggestions, such as never have been made yet to the fallen chief of a gen erous nation, and could hardly, have been expected in the nineteenth century. "My answer does not admit of hesitation. Between death and shame the choice ca~ neither lie dtnhinue nor difflcult. "God's will he done. I am prepared to die; but as I think this measure dishonora ble and injurious to Turkey, whose inter est I sincerely have at ieart, and as I feel it my duty to savo my companious in ex ile, if I can, from a degrading abierntive, I have applied to the Grand VIzier in a ennciliatory manner, and took also the liberty toapply to Sir Stratford Canning and General Atpich, for their generous aid against the tyiannic act. -Tiie presses-our doom may in a rew days he sealed- A "- Ice an r, my I cart have and. xife, are will hose eveni ,.. . to ,... persecu't'ns. I conjure youtr Ex.. cellency itn the name of the Most liigh, to put a stop to those cruelties, by your pow erfi tmediattiotn, and especially, to accurd to my n ife and chrildorn arr asylum oti the soil oif the generous English people. "As tto my people-my loved antd noble country-must she, to perish forever?7 Shall she, unaidedl, abandoned to her fate, and unavenged, be doomed to antnihilation by her tyrants? Will England, once her hope, not 1become her consolation ? Iloy. JEFFERasoN Davs.--This distin gttishied orator dclivereisn address to his fellow-citizenrs, at a dinner recemtly given him by the citizetts of Aberdeen, (Mo0nroe Coutnty.) 31ississippi. "wi thotm distitnctiotn of tparty." The address is very htighly commendced by the cilitor of thte Aberdeen Independent, a Jietermined Whiig, but sup porter of the constitutional rights of rho South: " Hos. JEFFERSON DAvis-An aide attd eloquent speech was made by this genticene int ttis city on Thursday last ; it was an effort worthy of his reptattion as a Senator of the State, representing its peo ple, and not a mere party. While in matny portions of it the friends of the present ad mtinistrpition could not agree, still thte great ci part, Whigs as well as Democrats could praise. We wvere most agreeably disap poitred itn its torte. There was nothing in it of tile rmere patrtizan, but it bore all the characteristics of the independent gentle matn andI thte Mississippi Senator. " A large portion of his remarks was eon fined to the slavery qttesriont. For tlhe maintetnance of the rights of the South, he biases all htis htopes uipon the people. Poli ticians can do nothing, lie thirnks. He htas no htope in the justice of Congress; and but little of Executive interposition in the case of the passage of any law based upon pre cedent, and many sucht precedents could be fihmndr. lie based ihis opinion on Tay lor's letter of last year. (He should have htere enunar.rated, we tihought, the prece detnt left by lSir, Polk himself.) An exo cutive Veto, moo, would but arouise still higher abolition feeling. Tihe judiciary he considers will bend before tlhe popular i:nr pulse. antd his only htope is that by a firm. ttnitedl, determitned statnd on the part of the Sourth, tire North may be induced by mnotiyes of interest, and of patriotism, to ptause and be just," ILLINois SENAToR.-We learn by the Telegraphn (says the Nartionial Intelligen-. cer,) that Getn. Jatmes Shields, who is noW elig:ble to the oflice, has been again elect ed a Untited States Senator by the Legis lature of the Stare of Illinois. FThe elec tion took place on Saturday last. anid re sulted itn 72 votes for Gen. Shrilds and 21 for Cyrus Edwvards. There appears to have been a warm con'est between Mlessrs. Shields atnd l3eese in the Democratic caucus, whliCh nominated rte -former on rthe twetnty-first ballot by a majority of four votes. Suh na the tree is. such will be the fruit. From the Correspondence of .the Courier. WASINGTON Oct. 31. Some of the New York and other North ern papers stronly insist. upon the necessi. ty of a ohnge of the.Cabinii. The New York Tribune remarks, significanily, it - reference to the dissatisfaction of the whigs., that, " io say that Gen. Taylor does not kiow when he is ill served, or dare not apply the obvious remedy, is to sharge him with gross icapacity and plisillaiimi.; ty." But the truh is, it is well known here, that Gen. Taylor is obstinate in his. partialrtirs, and that lie will not listen id any representations against any one of his Cabinet. There is nor the slightest rea son to believe that Gen. Taylor is dissat isfied with any) one of his Cabinet, 'r that he will request them in go out as g unit, or otherwi.e. The Tribune must, therefore, condemn him for not knowing wheni he is ill served. The whigs do not - pretend, however, to find much rault with the Cabinet, except on the score of the distribution of offices Some of the Northern papers scony the idea that the whigs will, in any conin-gen. cy. go for- Mr. Holmes for. Speaker, on account of his being a Taylor' democre The Tribune says that Mr. WintroplPis chance will be the best-whereby it meaf that Mr. Winthrop is their choice. Every one knows that Mr. Winthrop, howevdy great his merits, cannot, with a majority of five democrats against him, and with five free soil whigs against-him, be elecied The game is to bring the Noithero whigs, and the Northern democrats, also, to the support of a free soil Speakers-either Preston King or David Wilmot, and, indeed, it will no: be very easy (a defect this intri-ue. The article, ii the London Timeti of the 13. on the Nicaragua question, has attract ed much attention here. It displays, with prccisi.in, t:e position of the Britisi go. vernment on the question, and off'ers all that we need ask, to wit, an amicable arrangonont between the powers,.though whose territory the oceanic c'nal will pass -that is to say, Nicaragua, the Mosquito country and Gautemala-by which the use of the canal is to be secured to all na tions, on the most liberal terms. The United States' government will not, it 8p pears, tolerate the' pretension of Great Britain to any right, or interests in the premises. and will act upon the contract. made with Nicaragua, guarantying bet sovereignty and jurisdiction, o-ver the re gion enbtnced in the boundaries claimed by her, hut the protection of Great Bri tain. There is a fair chance for a collis ion, as the Times, suggests, unless the United States should embrace the amica ble arrangement which is indicated. WASHINGTON, Oct. 26. Senators in Congress will no longer be allowed to filch from the pubflic treasury under the spurious claim for "construcilvi mileage." For years past, on the advent of every new administration, the Senate has been in the habit of charging ful? mitt. ago foreat tendance at the special exedutlvd session of that body, in addition to the amount received for the regular session. - This usage was killed a few days since by lott. Elisha Whittlesby, fist -'ei4P troller of the Treasury. It seetu,,thaw a claim came up in fstral fo.rm, four S-1.000, paid by A. Dickierts, Esq. clerk of the Senate, for "constructive mileage" in at tendance at the special es ecutive session in March last, and that every member of the Senate, savo.three, received pay. Mr. Whit tlesey, after full delib'eratiotr, was of opinion th:at the claim ought nTot to be allowed. Fearintg, however, that the Administration might regard this a's a inopportune occasion for such. action as might displease the Senmate he stated the case to the President. through Mr. ClasyA ton, and added the remark that, if it was not thought proper to act in accordance with his (Mr. W's) convictions, he would resign the compptrollership. The President's prompt and chereeter istic reply was, "Tell Mr. WVhittlesey to do0 what is right anid let the conseq.uence t ake cnre of themselves." The claim was itmmediately rejected. Mr. Dickens has his remedy against the hottorable Senators, antd it is to be hoped that they wvill immediately "make restitu tion."-N. Y. Courier. PuBLIc NiGHT Scuoor.s.-It is proba bly not knowt to many of our worthy readers that there are public night schools mn Now Orleans. The Crescent referring to the stubject, says: "The Public Night Schools for Muni cipality No.2will reopein next Monday. .It is not sufliciently understood that. these schools are part of the Public School sys tem. They wvere . instituted for the im ptortant purposo of affording the opportu nity for instruction to apprentices and other lads,. wvhose occttpations do not, allow - them to attend the day schools. - a this view they are of great interest, and their character should be better understood than iseemts to be. 'Last year 196 pupils attended--a large number in itself, but not a third- of the number that could be secured, and- should he secured, and should be sent by their parents or friends. We direct attention particularly to this notice, anid recommend all who feel a proper interest in this most useful institution to take pains to. make known its, advantages, that as many as possible may be benefitted by them--re Ilectinig the benefit, too, upon the. commu ty of which they are to- be members." IIbHIMEN GoINo IIoME.--Yesterday about otto hundred and fifty natives of Ire land returned to their own country in the packet ship Constitution, having been una ble to finrd emnploymentt, or emnploymnt sufficiently remunerative to induce their longer stay. . Several parties have returned from Boston for the saime reason. The truth is, that the cities on the Atlantice board htave been greatly overburdened with immnigration, and the evil is beginning to wvork its own cure. [lad thtese persons possessed sufficient means, or sufficient courage to go out WVest, they wrould not onily htave plenty of employment with "" god wages, but a hearty welcome. B ut it was cheaper to return to Ireland.-N.q Y. Comn. A d v. Success is generally more .indebted to prudence than it seemato be.