Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, December 06, 1848, Image 1
We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Liberties, and iF it t we will Perish amizdst the Ruins."
VOLIUME XII.- NO.46.
PBULISHED tVERY WVDNESDAY
BY W.M. F. DURI-SOE.
EDITOR & PROPRIETOR.
NETL' TERMi
'rioDOLLARs and FIFTI CENTS, perainnum
ifpaid in advance -3Siftnot paid within six
tionths from the date of stbsctiptioni. and
$4 if not paid before the expiration of the
tear. All subscriptions will he continned,
unless otherwise ordered before the #.xpira.
tion of the year; but no paper will be dis
continued until all arrearazes are paid, un
less at the option of the Publisher.
Any person procuring five responsible Sut
scribers, shall receive the paper for oie
year. gratis.
ADV9tIWETS conpiclnomroyinsertedat75
*Lt per square, (12 lines, or less.) for the
firstInsertion. and 37.1 for eat-i continatince.
Those published monthly or quarterly. will
be charge $1 per square. Advertisements
not having the number of insertions tmarked
an them, will bA contisined uutilotdcred out
'aud charged accordingly.
CotntunicRtions, post paid, will be prompt
ly and strictly attended to.
W. C. M1 1G.-VE.
1 ILL practise in the Courts of Law
and Equity in the Districts of Edgefiel I
and Abbeville. Offce, Edgeed C H
Sept 20 Sm
P. S. BROOKS,
FF E R S his profes.ional services in
40 LAW and EQUITY.
Oct4 tf 37
JopSEP ABNEY
A TTUJRNEY AT LAf.
W tL L practise in the Courts of Edgefield
W and the adjoininig Districts.
An 23 if .1_
A ARD.
D R. ELBERT BLAND respectfully MTffrs
his Prifessionial Services to the citiAeis
of E.dgefield villtge and vcinsity.
Office next door to the Court I]onse
Aug 16 t1 30
CAN DIDA TES.
FOR SHERIFF.
U7The friends of WESLEY BODIE. Esqr.
itwainince him as a candidate hOr the Jfficp of
13wriffofrthis District at the ensning election.
We are authorized in ailliounce Cap.
IUMIPHREY BOULWARE,asa Can
didte :or Sheriff, at the e-n-UiaU- electil"m
[UThe friends of Col. THOS. W. .AN
HAM announce hni ai a cajididare for the
aa candidate T,,'hSeiil7; Ed
field District at the next election.:'
0" WA are aunorized to announce T. J.
W HITAI(., as ascandid.tte for t1je.0flite
of Sherilf, at the enQniuig election.
The Friends of N- P. BUTLER. E..
annioce him as a Candidate for Sherift at the
next election.
(7"The Friends of ALFRED MAY.
announce hit as a Candidate for Sheril,
at the ensuing election.
FOR CLERK.
UTnie friends of PE"TER QUATTLE
BUM, Esqi.. announce him its a candidate for
the Office of Clerk of the Court (if Comonot
Pleas, of this District, at the ensiting election
We are authorized to announce THOS.
G BACON, a candidate for re+lection as
Clerk of theCourt, for Edg.-field District.
The friends of E. PENN. announce
him as a Candidate for the Ollice of Clerk
at tre etiuine elerit.n.
FOR ORDINARY.
We are authorized to annnsiince EDWARD
PRESLEY, ass a Candidate Ppr the Oflice of
Ordinary at the ensning election.
We are authorizetl to atnounce Col.
WILLIAM H. MOSS, as a Candidate
for the off.ce of Ordinary at the ensuini
election.
n- The friends of HENRY T. WRIG1HT
Esqr. unnotnee lhim na a candidate for thse of
fice of Ordiury of this District, ait thse esnsisg
election.
We are ntutho'rized to anousce M-I.e
WV. L. COLEMAN. .5n sradidate for
*Ordinary as rho ensuing electiosn.
Thse friendss of HUG H A. NIXON, E%q.,
respectfully asnnounce hima as a Casndidate
for the office of Ordinsary, at the tnext
Election.
We are authorized to announce W M L.
PARKS, as a Candhidateo for TaT Colhee
tor. as the next election.
NEW GOODS.
T H E Subscribter has just reeivesd hsis FALL
and WINTER NTOt K of GODE
consistinsg in part ofla splendid lot of
II<.rstead Goods'for Ladis Dresses
of all kinds, a fine lot oft Gitaghtarms. Enghsh &
American Prnnts, Col'd & Bluck Alpacca's,
B3ombazine,
A LARGE AND SPEN DID STOCK OF
Nearto Shoes, Blanskete & Kersers. Groceries.
Hardware, Crockery. H ans & Cups.
'To which h,s invites his frietads. ansd the
public to call and ex,amsine, before purchasing
elsewhere, as he feels cosnfidenst that hesa cant
give satisfaction to all who tmay tavor hsim with
a call. B. C. B RYA4N.
Oct. 10. 1848. tf 38
1New Boot anid Shoe
MANUFAETORY.
WHERE Gentlemen'a Boots and Shoes
are made in a most superior stvle of fit
and workmanship.
Gentlensen wanting cork soled. double soled,
water proof, walkusg, dress. patent! heaulher.
and a fine plump soled BOOTS, need but
leave thseir orders with the sutbscriber.
.eeb WILLIAM McEVOY.
DRY GOODS!
FROM 1-T0 25 PER CENT LESS
TH %N LAST YEAR'S PRICES!!
At T. Brennan's Cheap
DRV GUOD. iToRE.
OpposiIe the Maision House and icz/
door to Hand 4 W 1illiams Gro
cmry Store, Augasta. Ga.
11 E wideriigjied ia oeceaived hi,; supply
o'f Fall & Wi ter Gociod. among which are
Figurel. Watered and plain black eilks,
Black Alparas and 13nnmbaziws,
Colored Alpaccag, plain and satin striped.
French 0iushmeres and Enuhsh Merinos,
.w0 pieces Ml is!in DeLaines. 12. to 25 cents.
30 do Cashness, 25 to 50 cens,
100 di Sotch and Frencl Ginghams, 12.3
to 31 cents.
500 piece Prints. fron 4 to 12.1 cents per yard,
10 bales brown Shirtings and Sheeting, 4 to
10 cents'V
Fringes, Gimps and Buttons.
Bleached shirtings. eic . 5 to 12A cents,
Irsh Linens and Table Lttnasks,
Needle worket. Collars Chemisetts,
fisls Linen and thread EDIPing.I
Lineit Cambric llaidketchiels,.G to 37.3 cents
Hosiery, Gloves. Ribbotis Laces. etc .
Cloili. Cassimere.s. Tweeds ind ErnineBts.
.attinets. Nentiucky Jeats nn Korseyi,
Negro and 31achinaw Lidiets,
fine Bed and Crib do
A few cases tof flats aid Shoes
N. B.-Prints and Dome-;tics. 20 per cent
ess than last year's prices.
New Goods roceived weekly by the Steamer.
Parcels delivered in Ifaiiburg free of charge.
T. BRENNAN.
Oct 25 ?In 40
GREAT BAHilNS.
UNt;AR & BURNSIDE lsjnst receiv
D ed by Rail Road and River. the following
Dlist of GOOS. to which they respectfully in
vite attention. 'latnters visiting our market
would dfo well to give us a call before purcha
sig elsewlicre.
47 HMs. St. Croix, Porto Rico and N. 0.
Sugars.
25 Bhle. No I Clarified Sugars,
70 ' Sipierior Coltee Sligirs.
5 - Ind 5 boxes Loaf. Crushed and Pow
derediSugars,
We!t India aid New Orleans Molasses,
175 Bags Rio. Laguara and Java Colfee,
400 Sacks of Salt.
75 barrels Mackerels,
50 boxes fine Cheese,
3 tiernes Rice.
125 kegs of Nails and Brads.
30.000 Is. Sweedes Iron-all sizes,
Band lron;-German aid Ca.,t Steel,
Wagon Bi-xes.
4.500 pounds White Lead, Vernon Milht
2 barrels L;nseed Oil.
Ditchers Boots. Brogans and Ladies Slhc
500 lleniy Duiffl Blankets,
20 pair Fine Bed B!ankets,
KerAeys. Osnaburg4, Shirtings and Shiem
2 cases Prints-all patterns.
1tinited Buckets and Tubs.
B3ra,sbou'.d Buckets and Wire Seeveq.
3000 potuds Hemlock. and 300 poundi oak tan
ned Sole Leather. Upper Leather and Calf.
skins.
200 Coils Rope-1WO pounds Twine,
125 bags Shot. 50 kegs best Powder,
Leatf. BInestone, Indigo, Copperas.
Candle,. Sperin atid Tallow,
Chewing Tobacco,
Sugar Cans, Measures. Pepper. Spice. Gin
ger. Cane Seat Chairs. Wood aiid Cane Seat
Rocking Chairs. and manny other articles too te
dions to enumerate.
We will lie making almost daily accessions to
ont stock. aind wouif be pleased to attend toall
orders fron our Criedds, and feel assured of giv
in-, sutit;f4etion.
DUNBAR & BURNSIDF.
lambnurg. S. C., (ct 25 rf 40
Wm. Ketchum & 00,
f AKE pleasure in relurning their grate
T ud acknowledgments ror lit. very liberal
patronage heretofore bestowed upon them. and
hope by liberality and fIair duealing to merit a
counti .nantce
u e nowv invite the attention ot onr numier..
ouns friends andl enutomners uid the public gein,
erally. to our o,-w :.toekt of
FiNE F:'.ISHIIDNABLE AND
(fHEA P FANCY AlND
ST APLE DRY GOODS.
Selectedl by onec of the Firm diirinug the last
month tromt then
New York and P'hiladelphia Markets.
Our a-sortm,e t w'ill coompris every article
usuailly calledl for in this .tlarl,et. m and.we pledge
o,ursrdves tnt to be undersoldl by any in Ham
burg or Aungusta.
Goodls ala. honwth pleaisure. No
charge for looking.
Give us a call.
N. B. Store ina the American Hontel Build
ings,. llamtburg S...
Oct 4 J2t 37
Commnission~ Businless,
MRP. Y P.RT'LOW huvmg tby muitual
cset wvithdrauwnfronm the firm of
GeJr.ar. Po riloo & Knight. t he W V KREHt)U SE
and CO.l .IIISS[0N husinmess wiil be continuued
at the' same stand by WV. W GEIGER & Ji. L.
Ksiom-r, tunder the firm of
G;Etl ER & K(NIG HT.
Who respiectfully tender to former cnstomers
autnd Planters generally their servmces in the Stor
aige anid sale of Cottot. and othier produce.
Advances will be made when reqjuired on
produce in Store and their charges will be0 reg-.
ulated by ai due iegard to the state of the times.
No'v I 1848 2m 43
Executorss N~otice.
A LL lpersons. taving dlemtands against
Athme Estate ot M. Minis deceased. are
rqeedto present them rprlite
please make imime.liame payment.
E. J. MIMS, ~Executors.
Nm, 15 18.4 43
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE.
E XEcUTYF DFrARTMENT.
Colimbia, 28th Nov. 1848.
To the Honorable the Speaker and Mem
bers of the' House of lepresentatives:
(3ENTLEMEN : flaving in your recent
Ses-sitn been confined to the discharge of
a particular duty, you have.convened here
now at the tine appointed by the Consi
imion, for the purposes of geoeral legisla
lion, and I cano too deeply impress on
you the imp)-ortance of this duty. The
right of the citizens to select their lawgiv
era fro-n amongst themselves, is amongst
:he brightest an. most cherished .features
iii the structure of Depresenlative Govern,
mtnns.
The Representative best knows the
%%ants. necessiiies and opinions of his con
siituunts. anl. his fidelily and vigilance' is
secured by the ract, that he himsetf is gov
eraed by, nod subjected to the same laws
which he ordains for them. But his obli
gations to h!s immediate constituents, are
not 'he only responsibilitie4 which lie ifi
curs--hey are but members of a large
community, and their particular interest
will be best promoted by consulting the
general interest ; and in discharge of the
sacred iluty ot -legislator. lie is responsible
to the comin:tnity at large.
In the dis-harge of the duties assigned
to me by tlie (onstitution. I shall non,
and from ttim to time, endeavot to put
you il prissein o of' any iinformation I
posse,-s, or may otitU t,f the coitilon,
and recommend such ineasures as. in mv
j-idgerent, %ill hest promote the gener i
interest of the State. And you will unite
with rie in imploriug Alimighty Wi-dai.
to aid and direct us in the discharge of our
reapective duties, to that whatever %e tnny
do, shall promote the happiness and pros.
periiy of our beloved State.
Tie Report of the Comptroller General
will pt you in possession of the condition
of the Finances of the State.
Wi.hout entering into the details which
will be found in the Report, the result
shows that the ordinary revenues of the
State, exclusive of the profits of the lank
of the State, and dividends in the Stock
owned,by the.State, in the Souli Westerti
Rail Road Bank. amounting together to
tne sut) ..f $108,0d0. which has teen car.
--- tie Sinkio.R'nLLase
about the propriety_ _ __
it was originally chartered iu eighteen
hundred and twelve ; and nothing but
what was sipposed absolule necessity.
could even then make it acceptable. It
will be recollected titat it was durine the
war with Great Britain, de.clared in June
preceding. which entirely cut off our con
imerce with Europe; tie pectiniary re
sources of the country having been com
pletely drained by the preceding embirgo
and non-intterconrse; and witil a fruitful
soil. untiring labor. and abundont protitc
inus without a market. even the we;tlbby
Planter content to forego the luxuries
which use had rendered in some degree
-cce-sirv, found it difficult to rmeet the de
nands ujiua him. for the laxe? and other
does to the Government. The otate then
had in hand emite cash, aid on tied stocks
and other productive securities to a con
siderable amount, and it was tiought ihoue
would be more betieficially employed in
reducing them to cash. and lendiog it to
the citizens otn real or personal security, to
relieve their necessities. A Loan Office
for this purpose was at first contetmplated,
butt it ws t.mnught that baniking pow'ers.
and ptrivil--ge's would greatly facilitate its
operationis anid hetnc- the charter of the
Batnk of the State, in' the formn in which
we find it. Frcwn that iime to this, dis
trust and tdoubts abutut the f.tithful admtin
i,traiion of its aisirs have pervadted'somre
pttrtions of the State, atnd I mnight add, alf
puirtionis oif it in a gr--ater or less degree
atid the proptriety of clositng it, anti wirtd
mtg up its concerns, has been suggested.
Danger of indiscretion, the want of fidelity
in its utfic'ers, and o.f the p)artiality of its
favitrs, wheni matnatged by persots hatving
un immtnediate interest in its results. are
nmaitnly relied on in support of ibis propo
sit ion.
I have felt the full force of these argu,
men's, and if it was now first proposed to
establish a Bank with t he usual powrers on
accounit of the State. an.J based on its
capital. I should utnhesitatingly opptose my
dissent:t0 it. Trhere isdaneer that persons
having no immediate interest itn it, would
not excercise the samte prutdence antd circum
spection. in the managemtent of it. that
they wotuld do in their own concerns
that they mright indulge in personial par
tialities, at thes expense of the latnk, an I
that they might prostitute it to political
party purposes.
There is yet another objectin,i vhichi
strikes mue as more opposmtg. But for the
expectation of realizing profits at the ex
pense of its customzers, such a thinig as a
Bank would never have been heard of.
It is etnough that the citizetn has contribu
ted his proper proportiton towards the corn
mon hurthens, and the State ought not to
accept mor tat his hand. It may he said,
that if there was.no Book of the State, he
Imight fiud accommodation at other Blanks
on the same terms, andi the result to him
would be the same. anti that the State had
thn right to sane tbhe profits of banking.
A rovert tae, whose aufy it is by
every poise eans to cherish and cot
ciliate, lo .gly to put itself in the
position o Iless creditor towards the
citizen , wr I hich no Baik could sus
tain itself.. Otowever is not now the
questiin. Uid it be wise and pru
rienI to cle ihe Bank and wind up its
concerns at*t time ?
There a(- - many reasons why, in
my judgenj. this nould be inexpedi
ent flail] e a few only which strike
me as ili ;isfactory. According to
the repr .umpitoller General, the
liabilities ink ofall sortsamout to
andt the
citizens of t late, if not the sole, arei
the princips *biors. The credit system
is uuhappily interwoven with our hao
its ol busine gIhat even thoese%ure le-.
sois that 'Ave been taught iruim time
to tile by.,Q suddei depresitins in the
prire of OuMilaples, and the consequent
derangen rIl of our productive pur
suits, hi been euabled to correct it.
We are 1 0 now, in consequence ol
t he l r oeir a,r:culiural produc
Iions, in e, dst of tne, of those revoi
sions( of coW .., e inich inevitubly brings
with it a ; tly of circulatina Uedit1um.
alid an itncrVsed deiand for it. Close
the' Bunk Iad sIop its issues, and at
leist oie- ft'brsupply is cut off.
Vlunldi yncts to the Bank, and
rverv debtp- that has the menus would
Ie di'epos gel, rid of that responsibility,
woul.1 to' textent diininii the circtil
tion; an"d, rce collecions. would he
productive '.anelculable distress to the
commuunit.
There isi ter consideration of equal,
if not gres huporlatice. The capital
siock an4 .ifiis if thie B !nk, are sol
emuly pCt i'n the faith of to State
for ever,._ a N-she was borrowed, from
the vWr-" o .down to this time. The
year~of-183f, I ithorizing what is called t he
fire loaofd ii hldus of dollars. ($2,000,
00. .wich Jipngst she last. makes
the sam nd the evidence spread
n yournjo ,shuws, that the agent
who efet ,iao, and the .iirc-iasers
of thdit ad regard to them. iii the!
neaotigtfko ile bIn. The character '
of theBan Ui involved in these-pled f
ges-her .,'to fulfill thetn, would in.
viii,ut reure!S- ~ine thate.
creature of Ibe State. which may dispose
uf its iumds as might he thought fit. She
i not liable io soit, and the only security %
which the creditor would have, would be s
the faith of the State already violated. It 5
is true, that by shutting up the lank, and c
ralling in the debts due to it. metans might c
5e provided for,the payment. of the public
debt. Bitt the fact of cu ting off this se-.
urity fur itm payment, would inevitably 9
naterially aflct the price of the stocks, and %
iperate injitriously to the holders-a c.u- c
eq;ience which I am sure every citizen of i
Lhe State would deprecate. 1
IL tmay he asked, if this instimution is
o he perpetuated and 'riveted upon our I
rosperity for all time to come ? I htipe c
ot. Tih. 'ine may. and I hope will
vime, when it %Till he wise and prudent to I
,ose it frever.- But I would not have I
lie State viol:te its solemn pledges. atid I
lo wrong to its ereditors. even at the risk t
if the dangers in which I believe ii would
e exposed, in the hands of noworthy and
lishonest agen'ts. We haivs little to ap..
rebiend from this source, if past experience I
i anv evidlence of what we may expect in I
he foture. The Batik has niow hieen in
a;eratiion for thirtyfive years, and dnring
dl that time it has been the despositoryll
f all the public treasure; and if thiere- hans
ben any one of its nutmeronis and fre
tuence changing officers (incluiditig the
rnches) waintiog ini honesty and hiidelity; I
mny instance '. i'ndtilging personal patr
iaiiy at the expense of the Bank, or the
rostitution of its means mi unworthy pur
ose, I have not seen the evidence of it.
Losses have occuirretd, and t hey are inevi
ably ini all institutions of the kind; but the
monioal rep)orts of the Bank, ..how that at
east reasonable profle have been rea liz
e; andh for time to come, durinig which
we rmust submit to what I regardl as an
vil. the Legislature is called on by every
onsiderationi of policy and interest. to,
eep at the head of the instiiution,as
eretofore, able, honest, and faithful a
euts. When.-the pledges on the part of
he Batik have been redeemned, it would
ie wvise to closeC its do'ors forever, and call
n its credits in such reasonable a:nnual
mmirs. as the comnmunity can bear. And
I would oni that account, earnestly re
ommenid that there should not be any
)ther pledges involving the capital or prio
hits of tne Bank. If they are required for
hre, or atny other purposes, they are uti
er the contrul of the State.
The increasing prosperity andi useful
ess of the South Carolina Colege, is so
nttch a matter of pride, that the attention
f every one is constantly directed in
wards it, and Lecan adld hut littl to what
is genernally known of i present condi
ion. And under a wise, consistent, and
mild, hut firm and-uniform goverriment,
the -parts all harmonize, and regularity
and order reign withintits walls, and emti
In,b.n amnst ihn sinteus and an in
creased ambition to acquire knowledge are
the necessary fruits.
The extensive addition-al accommnda
lions for the attioents, proi,cted by the
Board of Trustees at its last annual mee
dig. have by the liberal means -p-ravided
bly the Legislature at its annual Session,
been completed in a manner that adds
greatly to the eff'ect andi bcauty of the
College Buildings, and yet there is no
room to spare. 'lhe studets number n1w
two hundred and fiflty-five. including the
graduating class. which is thiriy-ei-ht ill
number; but it js probable ihnt theiir places
will be supplied by the form ntio.1of * ne w
Freshman class. Virtinia, Norib-Caro
lina, Tennessee, Georgia. Alabama. Mis
sissippi, Louisiana. nid Texas, all have
representatives anonkst the -students, and
it is not an unreasonable anticipation iltat
he lights of science and literature emana
iing from this cherished insitUtion, will he
teen throuahtmi the entire extentt (p*the
Southern portint of our Conil-deracy. It
may, and the time may even now have
rrived, when it will be iudiipensably tie
messary to enlarge the useruiness of the
College by proviling for ins:rtietion in
ome branches of the sciences aud litera.
tre that are nol now aught in it. BIut
be- subject belon,s more apprnpriatelv
.0 the Board of Trusteeq. to whose hands
s has been wikely cun!idd, and t'ere .I
williogly leave it,
I shotili le gratified to present you
vith an equally flittering account of the
Nilndition if our Free Schoolb. Duf-ctive
n the frame work of their original strue
ure. they have dragged on a wretched x -
sience, if, indeed, icy can be said to ex
it at all. down to this day. at an immense
ost. without any apparent benefits, ex
ept in the towns and cities, where. fron
he denseneiii oI the population, the funda
ppropriated for tlelr support can be con
entrated so as to makce its i!ifl;jeince felt.
(ear afteir year the attention of the Ll-gis
ture hIvs been called to ibis sttbj ct by
ny predecessors itt oflice; and again and
,aiu legislative committees havo been
ireeted to examine into their condition;
nil whilst all concede and expose the dfec
Ive operation of the sysien, no incasuies
ave beett taken towards its improvement.
'he will t) do0 it is certainly not wanting
tr it is a suhjoct ill which every individt
I has an interest; and I can only account
......, y-iTn prove,
ient likely to'produce results correspond
Pg in auy reasnuable proportion to the
cry large stm annually expetided in their
upport. The local Boardi of Commis
inners cannot be relied on for the. ne
essary ittformation, as they act wijh
ut concert or uniformity of the system;
nd I suggested to the Leislatuore at its
isi session the propriety of appointing a
uita'le agent, whose tduty it should be to
isit every puriion of he State in detail,
hatged cipecially with collectin. all the
iformation he could obtain from the local
nards, and intelligent individuals; and
p propose a plau suited to the occasion.
Vhniever plan may be devised, I nm very
onfident that it will he thund that there
rill be a great d-ficiency of competent
istructors even in the primary depart
ents of an Etiglish education. It is possi
le that there will be iotd in all districts,
f,v young persons of both sexes who
old, for the purpose of acquiring n ui
l e edlucation,. free of expetnse. olige
hetmselves, when qualified, to devote a
tw years to tte insuructon of childrten
)r a reasonable comnpensation; anid as a
tarting ptint in the improvemenlt of :he
ystemt, I would recotmmtendl that the
h.ards of Commitssioners of the several.
listricts he requiiredl by law tr1 inqttire for
nul select from those of'ring. a certttin
umbher who woutld be willinug to accept
hese tertms, and to p'ace them ut suirtable
chools; the expetnses of tuition and suh,
istanice to lie providetd for otit uf the comn
non free school fund before it is dlirtribtt
d* atmongst the districts, or in such other
vay as yosu may see fit to prescribe-.
In conntection with this, subject, I take
reat pleasture in laying before yott a comn
tunication fr.omt the Rev. Dr. Curtis atndt
'nn, the Princitials of thle F,emiiale IIligh
shool. at Limtestone Sprint and of Mr.
. [W Hudsoni. Prnipital of the Mllounit
Gioni Acatdetty. at Wintnshurotugh, whirh
ontains the liberal nd patritii proposi
ont to receive, in furtherance of any gcn
ral platn th:,t tnay lie adoptetd ti make the
ree schools u,efttl, any tnutmber of puipils:
nte of females, atnd the other of males, not
xceedinig twelve each, free of anty charge
ir itnstruction, to ho educateed for teachers.
is generally knmown, that these institi
ints rank amongst the mnst respectabie
t the-State; and my own observation en
hItes me to state thtat the government,
liscipline, and sticess in instroction, will
a:nk with any other of the maime descrip
ion in the Stat e; antd I would recoimmend
arnestly, that at lea::t this intitiatory step.
e prom'ptly taken tt wardls t he improve
uent of the free school sys'em.
.Other schtools, entitled to cqtial confi
letnce, will douilesus lie ambitious to: t'ol
owv this lantdable example; and provisin
,ught to be niade ftr such a contiigenmcy.
itnvito your attenition mnorejpar.ticularly to
ise cnmmunicntin. ns contnining sotDe
useful and practial information on the
sui-ct of normal schokls.
Tie Cuiadel Academy nt Charleston,
and the Areenal Academy here. will fur
ni,li apporpriate means of normal instrue,
tion in many (of ilhe most useful dep;irt
ments of science. and the South Carolina
College the means of an education in the
highest depart.nents of science and litattifre.
In my first Message to the Legislature
at it% last annual session. I took occasion'
in bring to their notice the sub-ject of In
iernal inprovenetits. and as to action
was then had upon it. I take the liberty of
poresenting it to you in the hope that it
will receive your early aienion. For my
aeneral views on the soject I refer you to
lhat Message; but at the expense of some
repetition I will state somre facts which in
ny judgment, deserve especial considera.
ti'm. All wh.- are fanmiliar with the upper
portions oft the State know that few, if any r
or its pro(uiction., will bear the expense'of
tran) rtation by the ordinary means to a
market and leave any profits to th,e pro.
ducer, except the article of cotton, which
is not grown at all in the region bordering
the mountainq; and even that. at the -,
presni low prices. leaves hut a small nett
income when the charges of transportation
are dductelb All descriptions of grain
may he transp-ried to our narkets from
any of the Norjhern cities at a les- expense
than lron the mountain region, where it is
grown in abundance; and, with facilities
of transportation, might and would bo
increasel to almost any extent. Lime,
which is found in abundance in York and
Spartanbprg Districts, of buperior quality,
is shut out even from the market in this
place, on aceount of the difl'erence in the
expenses of transportation, by the Thom
aston lime. For the same reason our
great marts are closed against the iron pro.
dured in the interior, and they are sup
plied from Europe and the Northern
Sttes. The same remarks will apply to
almost every article 'of production, the
transportation of which is expetisive on
account of its weight or bulk ; and I ven
tmre to predict, tl:at unless greater facilities
of transportation are supplied.- the healthi
est and must:favored portion of the State -
will hecome tenaitless. Heretofore they
have found a market for their bgri'cuhtital
productions amongst their cotion growing
neighbors,. but at the present low prices
-h-- " ~ i their interest to raise-their. -- --
..-IrrMTy aa. ..6. aistriets, and
will leave a space df more than an hun-.
dred miles between their northern termi
n-tions unprovided for. But no poi-ion
of either of these roads has yet been com
pleted, and judging solely from what I
know of the scarcity nfmoney and the low
prices of produce, these companies will
find it diffilculi to enll in the subscriptions
for stocks. iind without the aid of he State
ci
the progress towarls their completion must
be very slow. And I would earnesily re
romir end to your consideration tie pro
priety of afTording them some assistance
towards the completion of these laudable
on-! p-ariotic enterprises.
Permit me, also, to invite your atten'inn
to what I said in the same Message, In ,
the subject of the navigation of our water
courses. The subject I know has become
stale, and it would seem strantge that these
natural chaunels of transportution are des
tined to remain in their native rmtenees
and impractieability. All attempts at im,
proveecnt hatve been hererofore made at
the expense of thte State. But I have no
doubht thtat if thte exclusive right to the,.
navintin wouhil be coniceded, comtpanies
would be readily nrganized with adequtate
mecans to improve it, so as to enable them
to traisport prodluce at rates grately below.
what is now comrnon. .ltit it is believed
that tbis concession cannoit lhe obtained,
even from those residing on t he baniks of
the nsator courses. Those employed in -
boatintg as a business. finid their accounlt in
the increased prices. on account of the
difliculty of the navigation ; and the plan
ter residinig otn or~ near the water courses,
fwnds his itn emplotyinig his ownt hands,
inistead of payinug freight. There is, ton,
somnething liko a natural disitclinationi to.
payv tribute for nsing nature's common
highway ; amd n ithout 4e.gislative authori..
ty. or aid. these channelds are destinedh to
remain forever in their present tude and
tnimtirovced condi ion.
lIt cotnnection with this stubject, I trans
mit herewith the report of Mijtnr Wilhtaut
Spetncer Brown. a distingunished enugineer.
of a survey made by hitm !of Broad river,
at the instance of t he Ctolumbia anid Green
v'ille Railroad Company, which contains
mutch valuable information as to the con
dition of thiat river.
I huad the honror to communicate to the
Legislature, at its last sessiont. that in ptar
stuance oh its orders. I had engaaer: B. C.
Pressley, F>q., of Ch:,rlestonu. to prepare
atnd procftre to lie printeel, a Digest of the
lAvs rclating to the O;lice and Duties of -
Ma$itrate; and I have now the pleasure .
of informing 'yOU, that I understanid the
book has been prinlted, andt will be ready
for delivery dairinig the present session.
Eight hundtred dollars were appropiatcd
towards paying the expense of printing,
anad ut haes been paid to Mr. Pressley for
that-purpose. Whetheritivtillhle sulficient
to pay for the pritnitig ;am binding, I have
ntot heeni informed. No provisiont has been
mnade to enompensate Mr. Presslay for his