Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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" We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Liberties, and .nust fall, we will Perish amidst the Ruin&" VOLUME X111. ?r ""a, I T 3 1 "25 12% %% C V:. 43:m v aet PUBLIS H ED EVERY wEDNrSDAY. BY WM. F. DURIISOE. &DITOR & PROPRIETOR. 'NEW TERMS wo DOLLARS and, FrFTt C ET's, per annum, paid in ad vance -$3 ifnot paid within six months fro.n the date or sutbscription. and $1 if not paid before the expiration of the year. All subscriptions will be continned, unless otherwise ordered before the expira tion of the year; but no paper will be dis .coitinned until all arrearages are paid, un l1ss at the option of the Publisher. -Any person procuring five responsible Sub Sctibert, -hall receive the paper for one year, gratis. -ADVERTUSEErS conspicuously inserted at75 ceits per square. (12 lines; or less,) for the firtinisertion. and 7.j for cath continuance. Those published monthly or quarterly. will be charge : $t per square. Advertisements not having the number of insertions ncarkid on them, will be continued uutiloidered out and charged accordingly. Comnmuuications, post paid, will be prompt ly and strictly attended to. DT The rillowmng genriemen are annonced by their friends as candidates for the Oflice of Tax Collector. at the ensuing election: Cot. JOHN QUATTPLEBU.1, GEORGE J. SH EPPARD, EUMUND MORRIS, SAIMPSON B, MAYS, Lieut.JAMIE$ B. HARRIS, Maj.s. C. SCoYiT, LEVI R. WILSON, JAMES SPANN. S.,;UTH CAROLINA AND HER RESOURCES. Under this head, the Columbia Tele giaph has some reflections calling the attention of the citizens of the State io the-subject, and appends the following list of the Cotton Factories and Iron Works in operation, and giving such information to their progress, as tle editors have been able to obtain, C TTON FACTORIES. 1. The DeKalb Coiton Factory, near Camden-doing a fine business. 2. The Bivingsville Cotton Fattnry, scear Spanitanburg C. H.-now the prop. e-ty of G. & E. C. Leithir-doitng well. 3. A new es'ablisliment now being -erected by Dr. Bivings, on a large'scale -not yet in full operation, but, f orn ine intelligence and energy ofthe pt oprietor we base no docbt of his success. 4. The Saludai Factory, neac Coum S which has-been undergoing repairs r eSuccinr b toe. i been~T ats 4idTaie 311ne or elast ifiree years 5. The Vaucluse Factory, near Haina burg, under the management of General James Jones, we uanderstand is doiig well. 6. The Granitiville ;actory, near Aiken, lately s:ablishedi, and under tle iainagenent of that iticel:igenct and Ila triotic citnzfn, Wmn. Greg% , Eq. Iliis name alone is a guarantee of the surcess of the establishmctent. y. The Futton Factory. near Stite burg, under the inagiement (if Col. Dyso, an enter prisingll and meri;orious gentenan, is doing well. S. The Mouni Dearhorn Factory, on the Citawba, lately pum in op-ration, tnder hlie nnameiit o! its ene-prisin proprietor, D. 1. McCulloch, Lq. is bound t) stcceced. 9. The Narlhoroneh Yrn Factory, owned by .M-srs. Townse-nd & 1' Queen, atid now leasel to an ienI pi sing, practical nunfactmicer from the thei Nrcuth. In this F..cuory, we cntder - stanud, nione but. whiite op'ractives mcce emlloyed; but we hauve not bieen in formed of its success, since it his iein into the hanids ofthe preet le~ssu-e. For several years pre'vioncs, uneder tihe mean aneet of M. Townsend, Esq., we~ believe it was udoineg well.-Tce Yar n manufactured at this estabtlishmeont .has been, herretcofore, muostly contr'acd for at the unorthe, and shipped arnd sold act a 10. There is a sneail Faicrc y at Sn cit LI1ill, owvned lby Gol. WVillicnns, hi oma wvhiche he snipplie-s his own ph ant.ccionc, and those of the sturnuneding n-siglhor hood,- with a ver y superior arclicle of Cotton Baiging. Ile also ships Yaurn to ai northercn cmacket. .11. There is, besides, an extensive establishmnct of this kind, now in pro0 gress of constructiucn near Charleston, frm which we leave reason to c xpect (hip best results; and several minor es ;aIalishments in the back country, where water power, equacl to any in the wvorld, tiboaunds. -IRON woRtKS. 1. The Cherokee Iron Works, on Broad River, in Spartainburg District, ofr extensivc; tcnde'r the ma~nageen't ofMaj. Thtus, T. Twiss, doing a fine business. 2. The. South Carolina Iron Worcks, on Pacohi-t in Spairtanbuarg District, doing nt e-xten)sive busin'ss. 3. The Kineg's Moucntaini Iron WVo'r, on Broad River, in Yeck Disttic', doing, acenrdicig to a late recport of theii Board of Directors, a very- fmno business. Besides some minor establishments, all of which appear to be getting on stuc onssfullv. Slatistics of Methodist Episcopal Churek flortih.-From the official min uties of this Church for 1847, just pulb lished by Line & Tippitt, we gather some ratlie interesting statistics, though not in one respect of the most gratifying character. Thei e is a decrease of mem bership amounting to 12,741, of this number 12,184 are whites. There are twenty-four Conferences in union with the Church, of which the Balhimore Conference has the largest membership, vizt 52,338 white and 16,3S7 clored. Ohio stands next numerically, having a white mtembership of 61,64, and col ored 514. Philadelphia, Newy York 'ind Pitbburg are next. The Vermont Conference has thesniallest. The total tmmbership in the twentyTour Confe rences is, white 600.941; colored 29,901; ittdia ns 716; total 631.538. There are 3,296 travelling preachers, 346 super annuated, 4,913 local; total 8,555. These statistics do not include the South ern bianch of the Methodist church. New York Com. Adv. The Division in the Methodist Church. -A witer in the Nashville Clititian Advocate, in a letter addressed to Rev. Dr. Elliott, of Cincinnati, ireatens, if the General Conference of the Not thern Methodist Church should refuse to di vide the propeity with the Church South, that a suit in chancery may be the result. And should the Court ucquire the Nortih to settle with the South on the plan of seperation, he says that . wouid oblige them to pay over to the douth at least $150,000, in annual in, stalmenis of $25,000 each. Should the Court disregtnd the plan of- separation, and decide upon the principles of gene ral equity, it will require the Northern Book [luom to pay over at once a sum equal to $340,000 more or less. Died in the HIarness.-Last, evening as the Rev. Mr. Tappan, the excellent chaplain ol the Alms House, was cot cluditig his opening payer in the chapel of the institution, dur ing Divine service, his voice faltered, and lie suddenly f6ll in the pulpit in an apopletic fit. Dr. Reese the resident physician, with sev bit though partml consciousness return eifbj the-use of restoratives, the vene rabledian san-k dfusing the night under univeisal paralysis.-NV Y. Com. Adv. Strange Case of Sannambulism i At eleven o'clock on Sunday night last a iuving object was discovered perched on the top of the liberty pole standing at the cornser of Gouveteur and Cherry streets. The object was watched for a considerabl time, when it beguin to dts, cend. an I was discuvei'd t b- a man, Mr. Jesse Coombs, of 609 Vater st iet. He had nothing on hispmsoni hut it shirt and dr ners, and on his reaching thle eroind :ie ra ti quite a long distiace be fore lie could weil be overtaken.i le ais then coiveyed to the station ht.ime, wlin lie appeared perfectly la tonal, but liad nt the least recullection of what had takin place. 1- had retired to b':d at nt em ly hour, andl had escaped fr in his bou5.' bty a wiulow. The pole Shicih e ascended was one hunidt d and twietyfive fee't hght. A mttme singuhir csofsomnamibahismwehv nore carded fra long timte. -Nw York Ez, press. The Black De:ath.-T he greatest calantity that mnkitid have ever eo pe(rientced in the~ formt of pest iletnce, commtnenced about the y'ear 1343. ilistorians rel ate that it commiten ced ini Cathwaiy, Chitna, and wais precede~d by the burstintg of au huge mtet tvor, or gl ob' of tire. it spti ad over aill the kntowtn worlId, and Dr. Webhster says: "This plague wvas so deadly that aut leaist halIf or two thhtds of the hunmani race perished in abouw eighity 'eats. It wats most fa tiaI ini cit ies, but in nto place died less thanu a tird of the inihabitan ts. ia manny cities perished nitne out of' ten of the people, anid many plaices werre whlolly depoptulated. In Lundon, 50,000 dead bodies were burid in one grave-yard. In Norwich atbouit the same numbler. In Venice, (lied 100,000-in Lubec, 90, 000-in Florence, the same number. In the East, pertshed twenty nuallinats in one year. in Spain, the dlisease raged three yeats, and carried off two thirds of the peopho. It was~ particularly fa tal in Den matk. It reacedu te high est northtet n litirtds ; it brokeni out ini lcelatd, and was so fattal, that the set tlemtents are stupposed tnot to have since recovered their populttion. It wats cal led lie " btlick dleath." It was attended by a ga eat death of fishes anid ait imas.-Scientific Mlechanic. Mrs. Digby supposes that the reason whty pigeons~ have red legs and feet is because they are otut in all we-athier wvitht nu shoes or stockings. From the N. 0. Picayane, Extra, of the 51k inst. ARRIVAL OV THE NEW ORLEAN'S. The steamship New Orleans, Capt. Auld, arrived this morning, having left Vera Crui on the 1st inst. The British courier arrived at Vera Cruz on the 31st of Ocrober, having left Mexico on the 29:h, to which date we have letters and papers. Gen. Lane entered Puebla on the 131li ult, witi 3,000 men and six pieces of artillery-so says a desp;atch of Santa Anna. The latter could effect nothing against him on dhe Pinal. Gen. Smith has been appointed Gov ernor of the city of Mexico. Guneral Qoittman is about to return to the United States. Ge-n. Shields, Capt. Philip Kerney, Capt. Davis, Lieit. Kiger and oter officers will accompany him. The health of the army is far from being good. The climate of the valley of Mexico is not, as it appears, conge. nial to the constitutions of the South. It is just as enervating aid fatal to the southern, as is that of Veia Cruz to tlie Norelwrn constitutions. The effective force of the entire army is reduced ten oi fifteen per cent. The ci!v of Mexico was filled withi rumors of peace, It was said that a quorum had met at Q'wremro, and that the majority decided in favor of an amicable adjustment of difficulties. The train which is come down will be under the connand of Col. [larney. A great number of wounded officers are to accompany. Maj Gaines, Capt. Cassins M. Clay, Cap'. Hleady, Maj. Rowland, Capt. Danley and Midshipman Rogeis comeI home, and we are happy to add our associate Mr. Kend:dl. Mr. Bankhead, the British Minister, arrived at Vera Cruz on the 30th ilt. and was received with mriliiary honors. A lettrr from an English house dated Puebla, October 20th, has been received i at Vera Cruz, from which our corres. t pondent makes the following extract : t PUEBLA, Oct. 20. I * However, we may soon a have our comimunication open for 1500 s Americans left yesterday with eight pieces of at tillery, and entered Arlisco, sistance.-Particulars have not yet ( ianspired. This will make our State Government c remove to a distance, and carry along I with it the guerrillas which have been r dloing so much iij.iy. They all (guer- i rillas) came fron a distance-the popu- I lation in our own inimeliate neighbor, t h-ood never having shown any great dis- i position to take up arms in the present war. rhe principal part of the force re cently under Santa Anina is nniidertood v to have marched for Puiebla. Being i etitirely unprovided for, they subsisted v by rapine and plunder. Lieut. C. G. Daniels, of the 2d Ar tillery, has di-d of his wonunds. It is said, and we brelieve truly, that ( Capt. Walker, of the Riwes, w killed q in the afftir at 1luaianitla. Capt. W. v left th- - castle o'' Peroe in commaind of v three colmianics in advarnce of Gen. I Lanie's triin. Nine miles sonthi of Pn r bib he meu 900 1lexicans, said to be il tnder the immiidiate commanidtd of Sanita s A4nnta In c:,atging, Capt. W. received a lantce wound ent irely tharough~i the tidy, d andm also lost a leg by a cantnoni shot. II is personal anitagonist in the charrg", and who lanice'd him, wa~s a celebrated s guerili la chief-, it is said thait lie had sw'ora vengeanrce against Capt. WV.( But lie, too, fell in the conflict, and by( Walket:'s hanids, receving twvo balls from his revolver. I Cap1t. Layalhl, anid eiebiteen nien of hiis I comipanty of~ mouinted Geonrgianis, and c from six to ten of thle Rifles, arre also I knrown to kav e been k illed] in rtie chartge of Capt. Wialkei. A mua n nam-i d Rat borg, of Bah iimire, initerpireter fomr Capt. Wal Iker, lost a lers from a d ischairge ol at iliery, Col. Wynkmiop wvrites thati that the Mexicaiis wvere sluaughiterered I afte'r this like sheep. A duel was fought neat Vera Cria between Capts. Wart ington arid Whliie, with muskets, at sixty parces. At their first tire Capt. Wartringion received a ball thirouigh the fleshy piart of both hcgsc below the knee. A dluel wvas fouight about the 24 th uht. between Capt. Porter of the rifles, and Archer of thev~ohrigeurs. At the second I fire Carpt. Archer was shot in the abdo-t men-a severe but riot a dangerous ' Gin. Mora y' Vdtaniil has beenr up. pointed NMxicarn Secretrary of War. Liieit. Sharckelford, of the 2d ArtilleryI has dliedc of his woutnds. As fa~r back as the 14th tilt. Gens. Pillow and Shields wvere able to be about.' The 'Leonidas' letter made a grealt stir in the army. One of the above duels grew out of it. The- erican Star says that the Americ bave entAred Orizaba. Their ro rce wi bout 400-we suppose prin. :ipally unted men. No opposition was mad to them. Many merchants ,vent in, h them. Gen. terson's command hat not eft Vera r.nz. It will 'be conmoied > at. le 5000 men. The Texan Ranir - p with him. Assist Surgeon Tredwell died at Vera n die 24th ult., of vomito. Gen. shall is ill at Veia Cruz and will not- ble to go up Wil General Patterso -e wil.wairtill Gen. But, er's div arrives. , Lieut n,of the South Carolina legten d Capt. lnddleson, of the [4t laf y, are dead; the furmer of lis woun a'nd the latter of a bowel .omplai Theie re severalshocks of an earth luake e city of Mexico on the norning he 2d of October, and again it miduti "'on the 5th. They do not ippear t ve been very severe, as no hmage dqge in the cliy with the xcepuio eking a fr.w walls. A ne has been established in he capi) entitled La Razon. It is lublished tirely in Spanish, is a dem Icratic p and advocates the re-es ablishme f the constit ution of '24. Lieu .. cph D. Bacon, of the 6th nianrry 'd on the 121h uit. of Wounds eceived e battle of Churubusco. ThE D aper El Afexicana of the 4th~. tt it has received letters rom. Q .aro, in n bich it is sia:ed hat'Ge monte has been received here ' -irked courtesy by the ierson - rdappeared to be most :n iower, - was feared that they were onoct. pronuncianiento against he lif ernment. Te American,a new paper stablisf( he capital, and published a bgotl I and English, says, on he 15th It appeari that a large umber' p-ties of the Congress, or1Ting t', have got up a protest aiiit Pena hulding the Pie n of the New York Re t 'n tilers died on the 10;hi receiMd' -Stornhtirg shapultepec. Senor Rosa, the Mexican Secretary f State, has, under the instructions of ena y Penn, addressed Sant,. Anna a oie from Toltca, ordering him to giv. p the command of the army to Gen. Uincon, until his conduct in the late attles shall have been iivestiiated by iilitary'eouncil or conrt martial. A letter dated the 12th ih., received t the capital from Qieretaro, says Pena Pena had just arrived, in company ith a few deputies, making the total umber in the capital about fifly. It 'as thought, says the Star, endmeavers ould b,: maJe at once to orgait- a sovernmntC, which would setile the uestion of peace or war. Ifa quorum of jonugress could be assembled, the first nestion which would be brcneht up ould be the pres;idency. Alnonte ms spoken of as ihe candidate of the 'Imos and some of the, M dros, and )aguibel, Governor of the State oh I xico, as the candidate of' tie oppo ing parties. Nearly atlh the officers of' to dispersed army w"ere at Qaearo, ind it is said round it h::rd to obtain sub iste nce. The military force at Quer etaro enn isted of' about 1,000) cavatlry aind infan ry, withI six pieces of artillery fi-ont uadallajara, uinder the commaund of sen. Hleredia. The Statr is assured by a Mexican thtt the cathedral of' G utdalajaira ha~d ean sackpd by the pirties opposing the hut clh. The Star thinks there is somec ing impoitatit and 'deep rooted' in his. lrsarthquiake, says the Noth A merieri f' very frequent oc'cutrence in this beau iful coutntry.- A few dayvs ago thea vil tae of Ocotha was totally destirayed, rite Canton de Ia Barca has also sufl.-red severe shake, tharowitig down houses ndI the tower of the ptrincipal church. Ve have had four or these unpleasant isitors in this city since our occupation f it. The 'Mexican Eagle,' is the name ',f new Mexican journal, just commenced t te capital. The editor dloes not be ieve in opposing obstacles to any nega, intions that may lead to an amicable aid ustment of the differences, and say's that bovidence has decreed the daestiniy of' he nation. The following is the sub t;nce of a motto at thie head of the agle :'An hionotable peace ennobles ations, and the magnanimity of' the orthi wvill not let them offer us terms abler thatn hontorable.' Gens. Rincon and Bravo have been xchanged for Capts. Heady and C. M. Clay. and other Encarnacion piriso wmrs. oThere. has been a revolution in Gua dalajara. Mr. Kendall thinks Gomez Farias is at the bottom of it. From the Chars. Evening News. ANOTIJElt LAUREL FOR SOUTH CARoLINA. The correspondent of the Missouri Republican, writing from the "National Palace, City of Mexico, Sept. 28," over the signature of "Gomez," gives a ve~ry interesting account of the storming ofChapultepec and the city of Mei-xico. Ile announces two facts which are in the highiest d gree honorable to the only two Volunteer regiments engaged in those afl'airs, and-which we do not recollect to have noticed in die imperfect accounts aready laid before our rea'ders. One of these is, that the first colors given to the breeze from the citadel of Chapul trpec, wecre the Regimental colors of the New York Regiment, and the other, that the Pahnetto banner of the South Carolina Regiu.ni was the first Amer ican standard that fuated from the walls of Mczico, Our readers will remember that the recent letter of "Mustang," of tho New Orleans Delta, in which it was stated dhit the first person who entered the Zity of Mexico was our fellow-citn, Lien. tenant Stuart, of the Rifles, who leaped the ditch and led the way into the city. The light corps-the Rifles and the Voltigeurs-were'of course in the ad vance; immediately after these came our ow n gallant Regiment, ever foremost in the fight; and to the brave Lieutenant Sellick, of the color company of that Regiment (and who was wounded in the exploit,) belongs the honor of having first platnted tile proud ensign of our State upon the outer walls of the Mexican capital. We annex that part of the letter of "Gomez," which relates to these tran sacdons: But as I design this simply as a has ty sketch, reserving a description of the works, the distinct operations of each division, &c,, for a mote heisure mio tment, I cannot iariculaiize. Both Gen. Pillow and Gen. Shieldt were wounded; Colonel Ransom,- 6f the 9th Infantry, and Mjo Twig6; of the Ma New York Regiment, nnrtally wouideil, and has since died. Gen. Quitsmatn's volunteer division in this attack bore the brunt of the battle, and tie first col ors _iven to thie breez-! from the citadel of Chapiltepec wFvre the regimental col ors of the New Yoik regiment. Gen. Shields was wounded in the left ari with a slug in the early 1.art of the charge ipon the work, and; retiring a short fiie to have it bound up, immedi atelv returned to his command, where he remained until hostilities ceased for that night. Gen. Pillow was wounded in the leg while leading his command throuli a wood at the baso of Chapul. tepc, and for a whiile it was s ipposed he would lose it. lie is, however, doing well, and in short time will be able to Ia ke command of his divisoi again. Immediately otn takiig Ciapuhepec, and as soon as his division could be form .d4 and re-suiipplied with ammunition, G.n. Quitnan advi mced upon the city by the way of Chapliepec causeivay, T his was the miost direct route to the city, immuF diaitely in range of the heatvi, est hattet ies and t1-e citadlel of the ene my had the purinci pal portion1 of his force posued. Th~e fire was conceded, by all who participated in or witnessed the struggle to the most severe and tiscessant that iever a body of men advanced nndei in any war of which history furnishes an accouint. The several batteries of the enemy thrown across the causew~ay were severe-lly attacked and caried, Gen. Qiitmnan~ always leading in thle advance. Next ho charged upon the Garita de Belen, (the gate of Belmen,) the main coa ince in to' the city,. and at twenty miniines past one o'clock carried it,' and took a positton within the city of Mexi co. Whent otur advance first reached the garita, there beinig no flag among theni, Gen; Quitman took a large silk red hanidkerchiief, and faistening it to the op of a rifle, wvaved it in triumph from the walls of the city. A few nmonerats afterwards, htowever, dhe color compainy of the South Carolinma tegiment came up when Lt. Sellick, of that regiment, ran up the Palmetto colors, by order of Gen. Quitmain, from a small building near it, and while gallantly waving it amid the shotits and huzzas of the entitre division, lie wats seve~rely wounded in the thigh. Thus it will be seen that hohfinm the citial of Chapuhtepec and fromt the walls of the city of Mexi co, the first A merican standardms that were civetn to the winds were those of two citizen soldhier regimient-the New Ymk ;and South Carolina, and both of Getn. Shield's brigade. An Important Incident of the War.. -The National lntelligncer publishes a letter from Mexico; dated Septembbt 23, which relates at least one incideft connected with the capture of that city, which has not before coiiie to our knowla edge. Ft appears that on the 13th of September, after t11A fortifications at Chapultepec had been carried, and Gens. Worth and Quitman had fought their way into the city; "and when out Spartan band anticipated a fiercer strug gle during the ensuing day than that whi6h they had justincountered, Com missioners were despatched from MAd city of Mexico, on -,the part of the municipal authorities, to 'Tacubaya, to agree upon ternis.ofcapittilatian with-the General-in-Chief. TI'ey arrived abodt midnight and continued their intervie* until near daylight;. Mthout accom. plishing any thing. Gben. Scott inform ed them that he *oulcf sign afiy paper in the city that hs would bdt of it; and that, as they hid esused him all the loss and trouble they could, he intended his army shodld now mardh into the city in triumph, unrestricted by any terms~f capitulation whateve'r' Gas from Rosin..-We some time since alluded to a dicotory made by B. F- Coston, Esq., by- which he was able to generate gas fronm rosin, whith gas produced a light not equalled by any now known, for brilliansy, strength and economy. He was- employed by the Gover-nment to liht several light houses by this plan, and in every case was fully successial. We iears that itmore recently, Mr. Costoi has beed tihe means of organiting the Sylvic Gas Light Company, di South Boston, has been appointed Superintesnding Engi neer; and is now engdegd in constructing apparatus for various mills, hotels, fac tories, churches, &. In short, the experiment has been eminently success ful, and the invention is not only calculated to realize, for its author, fame but fortune.-Ball. Cliper. alesfor a Man.-I. IMarry notit woman who cannot make a siiht or cook a meal's victuals.-Such a *ife dil4 keeep a mian poor allihd d s6_,is herself bettei titan eivety body. else because it shows a want of sense; hd will have but few friends. 3. Marry not i woman who is froz quently finding fault with others, becauss she will be eternally scolding. 4. Marry not a woman who is fond of spinning street 'ayn because suel a woman will ndver be doniented at home. 5. Marry not a wdm.n who is id the habit of slandering her neighbors, and giving edr to the gossipping she hears; such women make the very worst of wives. Editors.-An edilor's duties, (sdyd somebody) even in a case eoniparatively unimportant, are enormous and unthank. ful ; thase he praises, "love him less thad their dinner ;" dnd thoso he finds fault with, "hate him 1*i-e than thd devil." P'-ont thie Oharleson Eve. keod. GRtE AT SPEED ors LOGOMOT1VES WVe often see heralded. in the paper~s., 'Greet lInprovemsnts,'. 'N~w lnveiting nd *Peteitted Locomotives,' b'f which a' speed of some forty or (fmy miles has beid at tained. On a mnorejecedi obcasioii 9 have pubtished "A NewEnglish Locojit.' live," runnuing on trial tips siity ana siit.' six miles an houri tb'e i-ender s he ,c led ho the bonclusion tilat Ingenuuy', discovered some iew - pplicatio'n of' mechanic powers, producing these woit: derful resuhts. A Locomotive is' a igf chine which is itself mnote~ bj .' iteadt engine. 'Ibe eipanelve flower Ol eek in the piston originates the moti'an, which is commbumiented by a rod lo a wheel. the revolutions and tacaon of #$hieh impart adhesion and velocity to ilia whole con trivance. .It is self-evidigX, therefore, thas with ex pansive power sfilicient in a piston, of proportionate didiMnsions, almost any speed may he acquzired by an intcreased diaideler of M~e thbbeel. A larger or smaller piston contains more or less of the power of steam: and thi rapidity of the stroker imparts the like velocity to the wheel. A wheel, therefore, of ten feet diameter, wit' the same number of revolutions per min ute, taust pass over double the space that otne of five feet would perform. The John C. Calhoun, on the Southv Carolina Road, with wheeluof five and half feet diameter. hat ow a trial rrip iraw at aspeed or a mile in one minate. orlaW the rate of sixty miles in one. hour. By a. increase therefore of her hoi'er to furnish' the quantum of steam necessary, and of her piston ro art'ain the poger, and' doune limng the diameter of her whmeel to eleven Veer, a velocity of one honocred and' twenty miles might be obtained in one hour., The enlarging of rhe-driving ii heels, however, i-nvolves the elevation of the whole ma. chine, which may be so high above the track as to becnme hazardous at these high speeds, without a wider gauge. The aheels. however, may be enlarged to sneh,~