Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, September 30, 1846, Image 3

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Wesbingft- .st direct contiabt *ith Wisconsin, Iowa is amongst the most com pact States in. the Union. The breadth rhy. when rthesou ri' boundary ib deided, will not, it is.prob&a differ much for- two huadt'ead miles:: Te mean length from east to west, or be= tween the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, 4.AbOSR. 280. miles;: ireaZ5.00. square mies. By the general method aopted in regard to-Wisconsin, the entire outline 6f Iowa amounts to only about 900 miles, through an area the latter exceeds thefor 'ter 8,000 square miles. Of its outline -towis bounded;accordingtotbe mode of, sneasurement stated, 250 miles on the M ajsippfind 170 on the Missouri. A direct air line from Washington to the _synthe tern aagl oiowa at the mouth of the Des Moines river, bears north 824 west; distance 780 miles. The aggro ate a ea of th'e two States amounts to 1 ,000; and mean extent, 52. 00square miles; and the subjolded ta ble will enable the 'reader to. appreciate the relative extent' of the whole organized territory of the Union, with the separate sections. and in particular the comparative exient-of the two tie* and recent attuisi tions: Tabular .View of the respechtie &rganited sections of the Unied States. Eiteut tq. ms. I Extent sq. Mi. Maine 32,000 Alabama. 50.800 N. Hampshire; 9,250 Missi'eippi. 45,000 Vermont, . 10,200 Louisiana, 48,300 Mlasachusetts, 7,800 IColumbia, ;100 Rhode 1s and 1,360 Arkansas, 86 000 Connecticut, ,4,670 Tennessee, 44,000 ew York, 46,000 Kentucky, 38,000 NewJersey, 6.90 Missouri, 50,000 Delaware,' 2,070 Illinois, 50.000 arnuivania, 44,000 Indiana, 36.000 Maryland, 10.800 Ohio, 39,000 -irginia, 64,000 Michigan, 54,000 N. Carolina, . 33 000 Wisconsin, 48,000 8. Carolina, 30.000 owa. eia 58,000 Texas, 200.000 dlorida, 57,000 1,261,000 Snabore p ceding table, given in round inbersi'we find that the aggregate area of the ofg inized sections of the U. States embraces 1,261,000 s4uare miles, and that of Iowa and Wilscdhsitt ctmbined amount to nearly the 12th of the whole surface. The actual population of the U. States does not now, say September, 1846, difer much from. twenty-One millions-an ag. eggate -of' seventeen to the square mile. f, therefore, the two new States were peopled equal to the means of the Union, they would possess together, 1,768,000 in habitants, or rather less than Ohio does probably already possess. In the. drdidafy process of observation, riankind pays more attention to the noise the taream of tiine makes as it flows on, than to the effect it produces. ": few 'months since: 1 had put hi my hand, by a friend, a volunle, from which I extractpa the subjoined matter, precious as a doditiletno the . rogresstve population of'Anglo=North iTieCa. Tbis voltrta6 wtar the Julytitusbet of the London Gen eral'Magaeitie-f Arts and Sciences, 1705. Nova icoios, 5,000 -PennsyP'va 250,00 N. Hampshire, 30.000 Maryland; B5,000 Massachuset;20O.'00 Virginia, .9.006 Rhodea Lnd, :35,000: N.i arolina, 35.000 Co.nectiCnt, :80.000 8. Carolina, 30,000 Nrew-Yotk , 90,000. Geotrgat. . 6,000 ital aton 55 The follownai reinarks are a emed to tie table : - SThe abse accout 'is '.oV a- agte calculation,,but is talten from such census enumerafions add muster rolls as are un 'oubted; but as the'same b a taken 't differenlt tiines, and nong~ Os haseveni yar ps.there s a suaitiv~'atIewatre mnad$.Ib~ he incriS as*ndfof t. fr' i the ab&1 aicoUdn isnadde varioidire tions,.sou titus it is seventy thousand-less thano what-are esteemed the-bebt-compta'~ uions* 'a This document,. as accurate as te O flure and position of thsings would then ad. ndir we may regard as giving us a nearer approach to the aggregate Anglo-Saxon poulation of North AmercaO about a cen tury past. WIL1{ - DRY Fiua ping the Water out of Lake Mki'& -ghn-it is well known to our readers that ~yan arraigemlent with the English Bond holder-, the-State of ltinois hse given over to them the unfuished~ catial,- from the waters of Lake Michigan, at Chicago; io the llinois River. The are about com pleting it, bttthe priniel diMituity now is to supply it with water, owing to r.lt level of the Lake being eight' feet bel'ow the bottoni of the ;canal. To overcome this, the present compady, after various propositions, fually bethought themselves of raising: the water of the Lake so'-asrtI suppy the canal. 'hey wrote to Messrs'. Inaapp &' Tat ton of this city and furnished them witt data to calculate whether it could be done and what fdrce and what machiner: would accomplisha it. These gentlemet soon furnished an- answer, and the othe day received in' return an order to buiki some powerfl machineryl for that pur pose, a steam enrgine and eighrt pumps c four and a half bore and'snx feet stroke We are glsd to hear that this eminentij scientif firm have been selected' to. exe cute this order. Their shop and Mechan iedl forceare-not excelled by an , estab lishment in the U~nited States;--P ribur Gade. Turnpike Ross mConvict' La'Out. The suaggesIions of our iorrespondent "Obe of the Pe'ople." merit the onsidera tioan of 'those who in devising those-larl schemnes of imuprovement by' rail roadl appear to overlbok'those.minor advantapi which folloiv frour turnpike road . construction ofasueh roadd' ould -open' the interior distriet-orghi-State, and thol of Norih Cnralioa, a'access'totheChai eton snarket for avariety oftheir-produel and give the Charleston' merchant'tl ienefitof the return trade in supp yig t equivalents for these prodnc.'I'n e econormical meansofconlstru~cting turnipi regdWis by -'onvict labour. The (eo wboeare ufoiVlocked up 'in country ja throii ' "tbe' State. sid who cost I treasury a, prett large sum for tb mailnenae' ihi diss, if'aurned- out therdgite tve them; would es morp"ttan. tlt .4Qubsistened,a and -les worlsof ~E ri'tweneh,tltfr'nit-of pl dutige-< rCise u seful as that'of'cul The people o' many parts of the North understand this matter perfectly. They, have &,itndned nyctae' " . rel '-is ;wher: dhejweie.a4~ weight. abd id constructing adinkabl tyrnpik _radi'lisive a6Eye' the isblii to a pro: ducWtik ace6'int.' "ey will not maintain in id'eness Sad expenses those who have comnmitted, dffencei atost- the glaw. If they do not convert their prisons into man ufactories, and places I Which are carried 6 a vs'riety of thie mechanic erts, they cotpel theirconicts to work on the roads, improving ant ieutitifying I em. 'his system merits the ettentio or the next Legislature. A general scheite of convict labour to construct turnpike roads is rec ommended by public ecouomy. Itis f6 commended by theinterest and convpnitice which will follow its adoption, opening and enlarging those minor avenues of trade and travel which appear to 'be of subordinate importance, but which, by uniting the small farmer with the seaboard, widen the chan nels ofiotercourse and diversify the objects ofeoimmerce. This is a subject of so much monent that it is our intention to return to it and urge it on the attention of the menbers of the Legislature.--Charteston EtienIng Newb j]c icari A ire. Ironi Aexico.-=The follo*ing further particulars. from .Mekico, bIougit by the Princeton. we glean 'from the Pensaedla cortespdndence of the N. d. Picayune. Gen. Santa Anna is said to have reached the city of Mekico, but had ndt entered ostensibly on the dischat'ge of the tutictions of President. He *as however, busily en gaged in the organizalon df af'airs, acting through agents. Gen. Sales still todidtiued at the hdsci or afairs, surrounded by the followidg Cabi net:-Gen. -Almonte, Minister of War Senor Rejoin, Minister of Foreign Afairs; Senor Gomez Farias. of Finances ; and Senor Pacheco, of Justice and Public Jo struction. A Congress has been summoned for the 1st of December. The Mexicans, in conversation say, that if the United States will withdraw their troops from the Mexican territory, and again order the squadron to retire from Vera Cruz, they will assent to terms of pbefc ! The plad has been suggested by the Mexicads, df ekohanging Commodore Car. pedtbt, of the Trdttdtt, for Gen. La'Vega -Cha bee. News. - From the 1. O. Picai*i4ne. MEXICAN INTELLIGENCB. By the good fortune we obtained yesiei day the use of a file of Mexican papers nearly complete, for the month of August In glancing through them with constrainei rapidity, we gleaned some items of infor maion, which we have not elsewhere seen, and which may serve to illustrate .the p resent state at Me*ico. Gen. Paredes was still a prisoner in the eastle of lerote. When naudd prisoner hc was on his way to Queretard, escorted by fifty lancers and surrounded 'by a few mil itary friends. The detaelhmeut itt pesuit consisted of 500 troops, and catre up wit: him at the hacienda of Abuehustes.of the th of-August' :Thenteaanderof:thest troops at oue.iftirmated to hiimr tlte' foljy of resistncer and he serrettdered without a struggle. He was condtrcted at once tc the capital, being treated with perfec courtesy and cunsideration. 'He deman ded to be allowed to leave the country. This was not thought safe before the rev olntion uhoitid be completely consurnma. ted, aad for greater secui~t he w's, afnel renwaininr seta1 daytitr Meico, cond uc te~d tcoPeroto, where he now lies. Some pawpers falle of doing justice upon him a mortarclit and a traitor, but tire tune o Gen. Salas is qarite otherwive-altogethei respcTutM aad expressive of regret that ha should be subject tor military restraint. Salas submits his- cave' to' the ditseret'iob' o Santa Anna. We expect soob to floar o hiis enlargement. In noting the ,depar ture of Santa'-Anna froin Vera Cru'r.ot the 18thr and the approach of Gen. Pa redes towards Paroteat the same moment El 1-adicator exclma, "What a coinci dence' .r nscrutable are' the myster'ier o DIvine Providence !" . Gen. Bravo,- the late Vice P'resident'. I treated by the puars- with as much re gard as when in power. Hie has sufferes no restraint whatever. -Gen. Salas, who exorcised suprem cbm'mand from the 7th to tho 20th A-u -gust, professes to have done as little a possible of his-own' will, and only wha Was urgently demanded by the necessit: of the case. Geng Salas. tsho had previously orderO tdie Governor's of diffrent Departments be gulied' explicitly by the directions< Santa An~nr the 33d of August, iassu ,a Baido'-Nacioi,or edIct, countersij~ne Sby Senor Moanastiro-,then' at this headh rthe State Department, attIaddl'eshed' 1 I Gen. Cortina, the Governor of the Sial .of Mexico. This edict embodies ihe vies f of Santa Aona. The following is a bri .synopsis of. its provisions: beirs Until the new constitution sha :eadopte:1, that of the year 1824 shall I Sin full force in every particular in whic . it'is not repugnant to-the plan-of the citi Fdel of Mexico of- the 4th A'ugust,-and' 'whicb ther present anamalous' situation the country will allow it to apply. Secondly; The functions-of the asse blie of the Departmentn andi of the exit ing councils of Government aretherel edeclared to be atsan end. 'F hirdivp The present Governors-of ]] ,. partments arte to-remain-in- the exercise e their, functions and to' bo known as t mo Governnrsofthe States. SFourby. Governorr of new Depa .ments; without constitution, will be re~ - latedlby. those. of the States whose capi'; ~are, nearest. e Vifl1y. As these functionaries have e legitimate title, to- power; it is' dbtaa i that;they~owe their existence to the pol *ns cal movement-whieh- la'torregenerate'l ii. country, and coitsequently the General ho .Chief can replace them, as may best ci s duce to the interest'of the-movement." on The aboveois. a'frame.:work, by wh irn power wilt he ofectually-:centralized e i the new constistution comes iotolfor ro- but Banta declares that he will bea~r t diclatoship--noarbitrary rule."a in.al says emphatically, !I have no p butto; .h execute the will o1 1. p ~wha nis p iaidnal jy adopted ga ages may o ia't hap- aza4 't 'sr'eto! t ase as ittfte~Uefetion asiosrbI" and the -1 new deputies to Congress arq comep charged with every descripti r power. Ii lewillin no "manaer interfer areer 1 the result of the elections, oc to nence p the. legislation of the country. :t dege l of Salas is alluded to by the papers which 0 particularly protects the electoro'fjom the h interferenco of office holders, and;from all p force or other external influec e b Thus, then, we see that i 1u1ming s poer Siite Anna ades o it .sric- it tidns save as such as are self.imped. All the addresses of.felicitation. septtohin, I and they are many, speak of his powers b as being unlimited to save and defend..the r country. The address"o den. de- r solves upon him .bspljcitly al terights p whibb the revolutioti gave toSas,. San- .i ta Anna then may .alow his paroti anad I his personal totives jtis. such ;7, asthe ,t chooses, and at his pldasure he pt'y avoid a esponsibility by throwing upon C4 greys to mteet in D)ecernber, the solutiounpr everg duestion which may emibarrass hi elt.- t The only declarations of ,his pu oes in a regard to the war ;which we e seen e wbbave noted above; the allusioa 't the a laurels to be won on the bankso othe Sa- a bine" is the most poin ed. the .promul- t gation of the Ban'do of the 22d; eele. i -ated as the crowning glory of .e' pres- c ent revdukion. it is the latest 'mark of the hand of Santa Anda whichk acan r find ,save only the organiatt' o'. the Cabinot formed of Almonte, Rejonari is, and Paceco. Santa Anna writes a- r las that he will begiiniexiVe , a piais his health will allow; .is old wigod dow t gividg bum nideb suffering. - . 'roni the N. 0. Tropic, 10thu 0 -. FROM THE ARMY. The U. S. steamer Telegraph ,tPjtain t Auld, left Brazos Santiago on 7h.th, add arrived hete yestirday; via ..La. I vaces and Galvesidn, which last.a sh left on the 16th. The Telegraphh ipghl I td this city 265 sick and disabled' lun teers, and 45 9lliceris,. and lande at Port I Lavacca.72 Teian Gunmen, an a part t of a company, numbering 0 ien . al-. t veston. .... - t Gen. Taylor believes. notwit ttao oing the news he has received of the advjitnce of a Mexican force between San jtu so- i tosi cud Satilllo -that he can ;go into i Monterey, and even to SttillogwathoutI meeting any opposition. The troops on the road now.. eteen. Camargo and Monterey will .ouml iiear 12,000, and none were suffered.to go who could not stand a long march dud ere not perfectly milling. In conaequenceQ this, the volunteer, regiments that. )f3 were much reduced, vdry few of :hien a i ig 500 men, and some less. The ,r n; feats are 1 from Tennessee, I frodi Mi lii, 1 from Kenticky,'1 from 6ftl1o m. Texas, (Hays',)tlie Baltidtore b n,R: part of the Texan iufatntry,. re-o anzed, and McCullough's and Gillespies n gers. There were nearly 600 sick 0 nteers iii the Hospital at Camargo,. api ywere. dying very . a:.So1nany lit mit t'qiied r yliih o t tend teni. Those 'whom the .'nnesseans left bohind, seemed to be particularly ,un forton'ate; for they had to call o, the. Ala banians to attend tle living sad bury the dead. As fait at these men get able to leave the Hospflaf; they are discharfed and sent home . In fac-t, Gen. Taylor has a dispoiitiun to' diacharge all Volanteers who are discoutetried an'd iWish'to return to their homes. Th'ough th'e numlier of pa tients in the Hospital at Matani'toras is' lar Sger than' at Camargo, the rnortality is glea ter in thie latter piace.-near thfee to one. Those who are unaccustomed to a Soutfr ern elimate, Mwhen once prostrated by the fever, seldomt regain their former strength on the Rio Grande, without.a change of atmosphere. They die of quiekly, else become sa enfeebled that' they are u'uable Ito helj, themselves. A person who lias visited- the Hlospils' at the different posts who hats said thbat if one half of the North era mnd Western' volunteers who went to rthe Rio Grande are efrective meb on the 15th of October,' it is more thati ho looks 'for. Gen. P'aterson.has beeni left in' comrmand of all the country from Camargo to the mouth' of the, river, 'and he has been in. structed by Gen. Taylor to issue an order 'prohibiting the entrance of sirangere info the river and at Cam'argo". This order was bron ghlt down to Capt.. O'gden by the officers or the Whiteville. Therefore every Sgentleman who hd~s not ulreatdf an esta blished business in the country will find it difficult to land there--at least, such is the opiniob' now. A different interpretatiob of thb an-ler, hbwever, may be given. ednh. Butler wan the trionTaylor design eleaving in command of th'e'lowver conu-' : ry, but: as Pettersobddnbi reaeb Camsr things was changed. Gen. P. is repro sedled-ss being very much mortified at not Ibeingt allowed'to accompany the advance. Ampudla has iusued another extraordini ary "prodanitr," warning the citizons on ~pain-of death; nbt'to'badler'with the Amer 'icans, aind the Alcade of Camargo had'also Sput forth a "cando" prohibi'tin-g-the Mexi cans frotm working' on our steamboats Some of the deck hands accordingyg dea5ed their -labor, hut an intimatibn from some of their employers that the functionaries neck 'might be brought into-close proximity with a lasso, he relented,-and 'the nwcn retut-ned fto their labors. ' 'a - e Eitract of a leter, dated ST AMEa., GOL. Caos I, Sept..9, '4. - GJen. Taylor left .for Montereins the - 5th.' The- whole of the'StaT' and other ils invited guesti; took dinn'er'on the Colonel Cross, t Wenty-two in n1l1, beinig invited- by no tire whole-souled Capt. ..A.Pratt. When d' dinner was over, thiey commenced their ii- march to join the army. Next day, :It. he French returned for mqre aznmnnitboin, -i in- report having 'reached- tfse 'geniral 'tAI n- Santa Anna ws on-hIs'rrard~iffbrMite: -a rey with 15,000 men, and ~that a61 the1 h foress were'on the majah' to dot'dentrate al n- Moniterey, t6 give. thd Gotebeul a'warm re e, ceptionlJ;Maj. Geh: Patterson is icomn o, mand of thie *hle troops. tlt frieti zti Britton is-sr~tio12ed at Cailiar~ a 'omdi Ji anissary, Tib. bil.of"Gen 1e~ f'9r as gone, about 60U0 niall. Col. Dak * . ill gel wqlI' 1Jqz 6abin lV IlgetI- I "N Yours i aste, -~N ' JtTA.' Pd't r Isns~. Set! .1h1 - UditOrs of Ae Delkk : Gentlenieu-I havejust tipie to send you te latest news. Taylor left Camargo for lontdkey-ith!600e'men'oa the 5th. Am udia had arrived at Monterey with a irge force,' .reports say from 4000.to. 10, 00 med, and ten pieces of artillery. He as completely fortified the place. His rdclamation has been received, in *hich e threatens to shoot any Mexican who ball hold communicatio;with the.Amer :aps ,. I remaidl yours, 'I P, S. At the last accounts, Taylor's lead-Quarters were at-Seralvo, half-way etween Carmago and Monterey. Letters sceived from above anticipate a desperate rsistance at the latter. place. ..The cam aign has commenced in earnest. This atelligence arrived by. the Carmargo mail tat.. night.:, I have barely time to write his much as the Telegraph leaves in ten sinutes. .* D.' Cdl. Harney.-There is not a word of ruth in.the:utory which bppeared in some f tie morning papers of yesterday, to the f'eet that this officer had been pat under rrest by ord.ei- of Gen. Taylor, had been rdered back to San Antonia by him..and bat. his baggage train, or a part-of :it, in is return, had been cut off by the' Mexi ans. We have no* be'ore uda lettei do busi ess from ano:her coi-rsporideot, dated at an Antonie on the l0th,inst:.. There is tot. a word .it it o Col. Harney's arrest, ir of the .utting olf of the baggage train. . The writer says that "such isthe activi y of preparat ions, for getting off the trodps. a the Quartermaster's Department, the lerks are at business till two or three o' lock every morning. . "There is nd dou* but *? will have a ight pece of work of it at Chihuahua. lhe First l'ision of the Army leaves tre in three or four days-the balance ill follow in. the course of ten, or at the arthest, fifteen days. ' News has just b'een reeeived here that here is the greatest kind of preparations riaking for odr reception at Chihuahua; here will be a big fight, you may depend ipon it !-Delta. The steamship.McKim arrived at New r'eaus on the 22d inst. from Brazos San iago, with dales from Seralvo, or wore properly Cerrdlvo, to the 7th inst. She ,rought, moreover, an extra of the Amer can Flag, published .at Matamoras; con :aiing a letter dated the 6th inst., from 3amargo, in which the following passage ccurs, which caused a lively sensation in the city.: I hasten to inform you of. the ariival, posthaste from Cerralvo, of Capt. Murray, with information that McCullough's Ran ;ers bad come into general Worth's camp at Cerralvo, and reported that on the 4th nst., about 40 miles beyond Cerralvo they discovered a body. of Mexicans, form ing the advance guard of a large force. They retreated as the Rangers came upon them, adld were persued until they fell back on a larger.force. 'which was disco vied to be from. 000 stron i tended to attack;.Gen.. Wurth before rein forcements could arrive, add capt.. Mtr ray thinks that a battle is belog fought a' Cerralvo to-day, the 8th. Capt. Murray met Gen. Taylor. with a p'art of his foice, some distance in advance of the main .bo dy, and within 35 miles of Cerralvo, on a forced march to his relief. CERRALYO, Sept. 7, 18d6 " From what I can gather, a plan :s ori foot to surprise Canales and Carrasco in their strong hold near Passa Gallos. I1 wilT be a difficult matter, su wide awake an' cautious ares these fellows, but no barn' can be done if it fails. "There is a rumor hete-nothing bul t rumor, mind yon-that Santa Anna is adaning up'o'n Monterey with 40,00( men. I miglt gife you a colimo of othel reports in circulation-.hbut they are all o little moment and'come from most unrehi able soueces-'Mexican mouths. Fromt.Santa Fe.-Mr.S~oubrettee lef Bent's Fort on the 10'th ult., and arrived a St. L ouis on the 1816, bringing the lates intelligence. Before Mr. S. leftlitent's Fort, fielrnme that letters hadl been setnt to Armijo, th Governor of New Miexico, by C haves an' other of the principal'citizesns of Santa Fe dalling' upob him to defend the city an' their property agai'nst the advancing force of the Americans. Hes sent them bac word that, if they would com'e in perso and aid him in such an' undertaken, b would fight as: long as he could stand c they d'esired, lini nless they did so, h would not strike a bluw. The miserabi show of a force iutered in Santa Fe, b declared unable to d'efend the place, eve agaist th'd pr'edarory, bands of san'agt which sdrrounded th'em. The Governor of Californiia, it appear has e xpressed himself in favor of thie Ame ican emigration, but Gen. Castro is iosti to it. 7 T/e Camihz~z's News.--The abstruct f~reignintelli ee supplied by the stel aer of the 4~ h instant, f'urnishes not item of interesting political intelligenc The Co:nmorcial- accounts are, howeve imporant-show'ing lit. An average pr dut of grain in.England, although- a compaied by a short potato crop.. 2 A' rise .in the value of ootton, betag .11 first ef'eeofa deficiency in the in comb crop ; anid, 3d.- A-reducti~on in' the'rate interest' t~o 3- per cent. by the Bank' Egladindi'caitive of an increasing abu dance ot money,,.in spite of any-latent a prehension from the export of coin to p for imported bread stulfs, and a-dema1i for mottied capital for rhil road ive' mens: - These are circumstances denoiing'the ri toration of confidence and the - return commercial prosperity-. provided a api of speculation is nodt enigendered, whi would lea to recoil and perhaps genei injty.-Char. .Euen New. F PN TE CAMB1A.1 - Ing ad.-Thi general aspect of thit nt Eglandis quite encoursa ., arj iwans~ dprogted ona he upAgg bc omnission, attcer a-sessioz.o ;$ eat intist'and impbrtane trit trar" wit -tiscD::VAtecbnto eprat Mexican stck; tie. moificaon of-ourt riff,.aken incon6eCtiotfli .ttb .trat action of their o4gO:Par Lament, Ilas give' a buoyancy t6 trade-and-manufactnres It England, which for the present,,is.fallo proise. The Banli orEn'gland has low ered the rate of interest from 31 to 3 pe cent. e which proved the price of publi funds. The rnil way share market ha also improved. The cotton market ha become firm and active; 100,006 bagi having changed hands in the cotarse o fourteen days, at an advance of fully id In the manufacturing districts the value o godds and yarns has advanced. In the irot trade; the imaprotemedt noticed on theiar rival of the steamer of the 19th of August has contiiued," with a prospect of a stil further advance in; prices:- Thecirops lide been-gathored; wheatis'pronounced ibou an average yield; but-oats are 'lighi,' ni potatoes are pronounced' a' total' failure The ' American. provision ndarket Luca its proved, the-sales'beidg didra' brisk' ani prices somewhat.a'dvaned. Italy.-The Poje'ea'opu1arity iHeredi es every day. The pieople dock ii crowd to the little town of Sinigaglia, to see thi roon in which he was born,'add' ait'alf ascend the stairs on their kdeed.' Etee thing he does is marked - ivith" a tasf~a'e liberality really surprising in a Pope. He kindness to the poor is unbounded, -auc his sympathy with many of the politics offenders, whom he released; has beef shown' in a striking manner i he' his ever subscribed money for their relief. Hi seems bent on introducing, as soon as op portunity offers,. most'sweeping refdtint notwithstanding the remonstrancesof Aus tria, Naples, and other countries. 'Bi the best Pope the world' has had, Free Trade.-Macauley, in his addles to the electord .of Edinburg, at 'the hus tings, alluded in the.following: mannert the commerce of .this:country' ,"It is my .-firm belief,' that the -greu principle of freedom of trade is the'real the salutary attagodist of- war." Itlsin belief thatif ever in the course of ages w shall find nations~dgreeing-to adjust difet euces not by the sword' but 'by arbitra tion, that if the.greatest of all evils, hiill erto perhaps a necessary one. but still th greatest of all evils which man has inflicte upon man, shall ever disappear from th world, it will be, through the agency < commercial freedom that such consumrif tion will be accomplished ; and I-. belles that this pledge, this, first of our et trance upon a sound system of trade,. that trea19 which has vexed a dar bt tween tie two kindred nations, and whic will, I trust, leave to them henceforth a other object of dispute than the emulatic which of the great British ftnily. shall'd more to exiend the. blessings of'civiliz z ition, of libeity and good goverrrmei throughout the world.".' .Afairi 'at Naivoo.-By..the arrivt yesterday ,morning, of the steamer ;Oce Wave, we have received intelligence fro the anti Murmun encampment, wrbich-wi still aboui twelve miles from Nauvoo; Tuesday mornin'g -The arme.d posse the consisted of about twelveabundred-rge twenty-four -pounder."-. Asi.re -leade deemed their force suficient,'and;had.'! ceived the necessary quantity of arms at animuditidn, and as many.of~their nun bar, tired of delay. were daily .leaving tI camp, it was given out on Tuesday th the posse would leave the encampnegt daybreak thh 1Wle. day)4riprmsn ,and'. march for Nauvoo. The o t~eer., it said' have'Ime hundred. writs otn'snat i'dviduals in Nauvoo, which they.ezpre Itheiu -detmination to'-evee ' wsoudnecessary to enter the town force. [a Nauvoo, thpre is said to be fbo five to six hundred Mtornifons'unde~r'arx determined on' resistance. They ha' several pieces of~cannon, and the terup has been fortified. We yet entertain' hop that matters have been anfteably adju ted,; but should both parties have pers vered in their avowed objects, a deospera action must have already taken plaee b~ tween them. WVe shall probably b'e a vised of the result to-morrow. ST ouis, Sept. 15. Mormon War.-The steamer Alvaral Scame down yesterday evening, and 11 offi'cers report thtat the rumors as.to t first battle between the Mormons a Anti-Mormons, were grossly exagge'ate jThay stare that in that battle'ose Morm was weiinded, and no persorn waskilled wounded on the pairt of the anti-Mormoi SHowever, on Saturday, another bat e took place. in the morning two cannt r wero firedat the atiiMormon cain'p fr the city, bitt the shot 'was not returned. : Afterwards the A'ti Mormons sent a whi flag t alecrinpropositiotns f'ot adjustment of their difficulties. whi were refused by the opposite party. 'I anti: Mormons' theni begau to- maneu' and march so as to flank ilie Mormon f ces. WIhen they were within cant Lshot, the Nauvoo party fired on the at Mormons, and the battle begun. .It tinned from onb o'dlodk till forty minti past font. There were many discharj of artillery and small arms. .On., Sside a man' named Anderson and his's la eyears'old, and a nman named .Nor e' all of them Monnons, yvere killed'andi a r, eral others wvounded. Oin the part~of, Santi-Mormons, Capt. Smith' of Cartha was kIlled, and several oihers wound IThe peopileof N'auvoo 'reported' the' at e Mormiob los's at a' much- larger nuinii g but their report was'coittridicted' at'W of siw.-ew Eraz. New 'Orleans 2Tegah.-Mr. Bra o f 'New Orleania, who proceeded .to ty North ebme time ago' to make the prel' d inary arrangernents forthe exiedsion t the Magnetic Telegraph from Phsiladelp to New Or-leans, has completed thiose,. s- rangem'ents and returned home.' The *f Y. Herald says that the, whole 'hne" -s be completed in a few' rdontlis. *') ch extend from Philadelphia to' Harrisst ':Pintsburg. Wheeling, Cinceinnati. Loi 'ville,"'St., Louis, Nashville,> .Memp Vicksbuzrg, Naicitez to New .Orleain."'l 'line' will' chmprise~too compees4 gs te'ndi'ng from Philadelphia..to 6t L at, nthe Loie fo~6lunhyC Mi vo A EEI "' -- ~a - fl7 List of the candidates at g re.. - 4b'-cilleiithtiis Ibriest of Representatives, and c4omni-si I Poor The Electlod to t e 'is 6 and 'Tesdayi; I2thle ndt ad 1 JOHN.BNUSKETT FoaerasEs >l - -, XoHN DOB." - JOHN B.d LQLMES,: , - AMESSAPOE+:i 46"tals - ARTilU~.S~If'~4 dLIvEa TO 'S' '' tICHARD WARD, JOHNI WEVER; A BEN AMIN C. YANCEY.1 Foa, Copjuuraioazas.or Tas Ph JOHN C. ALLEN, i _ -4 SETH BUTLER, e ad " tGEORGE4B0SWIELt LITTLETO. .BtOORS, ,: - RIHHARD GREGORY .'-- - HENRY f..HIL -.. COLIN RHODES, ne JAMES SHEPHERD'? e' The Weather.-Since our last, wIad seeras fery warm days for the Season. Tt~e eaieaw much . arched, and e atniospie wa( led with Jist On Sun y a chantbtook'place; The temperntarewa'conidery coole and e there was a slight fall of in. 3n.Ji oday morning,at unrise,.,he Therjnoameterstpodst 52. . The day-was quite cool ". - if On Tuesday morning, rpm~atime aftetpant rise the Thermometerstood~at 4S' We are indebtedto the editor.o5 the ' burg Journal,for an extraofiis-pipe dates. h September 27th, containiug imp ran i o 'gence from.Mexico. - o Neis from ie - Mexico, which we publish to day; wu 1prove i to be of in -interesting character It wil be seen that.'Commodore Slongas " al possessioni of California, in~thp,.n United States;, and that the country bad ably'surrendered to ottr aims. We ub t9 hshsome excitg new in relation o our my. o- It is prehable ths erq~.htsr . baii haa len bn fought, or ivil between our d he Mekictas < ro Tl !usoa to~ ?a:c ii a VIe eQinuest of t i - id nister to France, is-unfounded. - e On the 29th ofJuly,Mr.Wasingtonridcic f t was received-by her Majesty, the Q6e:n11f I Spain, on his ratiring'froimthe past of F*oy SExtraordirnary and Minister.leni tentigfi,!o tha'United Statesaand:Mr. RomainpM2Sauin dos who replacei Mt-. Irvin;wa-eie~ with the usual fotmifiiy.' " A Soldier ofteRevingons it become our duty to annogtnce~htliece of Mr. BASn. Lowz, which -tooji plaae insthis e District, on Tuesday eveningtlie'-ad iBStZLt. s Mr~. Lowe was a nativelf !r~i J, ~'inm 5 which State he moved shortlnier s e - a4 ~tion to South Carolina. At thalt trying period the bore his part, manfully, iathe~ caus'fiIf e:pndence, and ieriilereil essentia es'eicsi' liii country. Mr. Loute had attaianeslaa~ advancep] age, and at the time of his death ap' shout 95 years of age. Mach the greaterfo~ o tion of his life was passed in Edgefield-Dl e~t; er South Carolina. It is not our purposejto rd; isnounce an elaborate psnegyrid; .bat' we eara Id truly say, th'at in all, thie-relations of ih"z dwas irreproachable, and-that ie wva e$ti mn cally, an honest man. or He has left numero'us- res -e able'dese~ Lants, and 'an aged wife, who in thub e o fo us natai-e omst' so :n follgw him~o hjnat~~ nI ing place,. The day. pieeine - paid him a visit, and fsokiid% fo e lstme,.. ito upon the veteran soldier.4Ashrewsik by his e bed of death, thoughteof iie~scenies throuh owhich hie bed passed, come' erdrj t e and we were filleidii tli r ,eat 'solemnity. In imugmnaton, we wr tr) o'ported to many abatle fbId, in-.wii thesufr-.. ~ ect'of6ur,noticebad encountertithe eneii.. in- of his couniryi alma ha8 finally timsiibys4 ea them. Btn oitedbeldthim grsplig:Vit es death'the lliat~enemyandtooihureianihas De fall-a'victimi: ii-atio'eiiii ?ia anid'thtankhoialfhis iieus, is waali o*r ,- by tbab of his relatives hod were not_ htaht fromnhim, and bysa nun bert b kn Sad'most de oted riends.' d """""" som~ We copy th e subjoined eqm nj nbnre~ r Istion to the South- Carolina-Regiment, le. the South Carolinian.' It will-le:sI-hii the letter of Col. Butler tod thedi jg A o,' all probability our Reinisi sii s1 Lwill 'not'be reqired bideNelkf - ber. a In- conrei'siis'g il1 a' tile~0 bi''ersedin lii*ical ))js .*b'abtour'Regimet would eat~ N. frtof November, thudh vill' But thera is ndabasoints e. . E4d.. vill ?we acnu ly~ek hetii $ gallan pumpaIJ g, will not-mare'i at al't -~jt~E i- Mexico ".CerteeA l'and paglvaier. ,