University of South Carolina Libraries
We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Liber Te, andif it mut fall, we wi Pcrish amidst the Ruins." VOLU E XI. _Ue a u% NO. 3. PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY, BY WM.F. DUE1V.-OE, EDITOR & PROPRIETOR. NEW TERMS. - 'vo:)omtAs and FtFTY CENTS, per annum. if paid in advance --$3 if not paid within six 4inenths from the date of subscription, and ;,4 if not paid before the expiration of the year. All subscriptions will be continned, .unless otherwise ordered before the expira tion of the year ; but no paper will be dis continued until all, arrearages are paid, un less at the option of the Publisher. Any person procuring five responsible subscti bars, shall receive the paper for one year, gratis. .-. .A >vavstS~EM sconspienouslyinsertedat7> cents per square. (12 lines, or less,) for the fir.t insertion. and 37.1 for each continuance. -Tiiise published monthly or quarterly. will be charge $1 per square. Advertisements not h-sving the number of insertions marked on thea, will bp continued until ordered out and charged accordingly. Coinumncations, post paid, will be prompt ly and strictly attended to. --- _____T__Y PO ETRY. G. 1). Prentiss, editor of the Louisville Jjurnal, has been forsome weeks at Biloxi. seeking the restoration if his health. The last Journal contains the following beauti ful piece of poetry from his pen: " TO AN ABSENT WIF'E. 'Tis morn-the sea breeze seems to bring Jov. heal'h, and freshness on its wing- . Bright flowers, to me all strange and new, Are glittering in the estrly dew And perfumes from every grove As incense to the clouds that move Like spirits o'er yon welkin clear But I am sad-thou art nit here. 'Tis noon-a calm unbroken sleep ~ Is on the blue waves of the deep A soli haze like a fairy dream Is floating over wood and stream And many a broad magnolia flower. Within its sh idowy woodland bower. Is gleaming hke a lovely star But I am sad--thou art afar. 'ris eve--i1 eartih the sunset skies Are painting their owit Eden dves Tlhg stars comle down and tremling glow Like blossoms in the wvavis below Aw'l, like some unseen sprite,- the hrecze ., eecIsera o nid Lheseuratga! trees= 'Ti.; tnidnight-with a soothing spell . The far rtnes of the ocean swell Soli as a mother's endnee mild Low hending o'er her sleeping child And on each wandering breeze are heard -'Vne rich notes of the msckiag bith lit mla;' ;t wild -nd wondrous lay But I am sad-thou art away. I sink in dreants-low. swert, and clear, Thy own dear voice i" .i my e:ar Around lily cheek tny tresses twine Thy own loved hand is clasped iul mine. Thy on t sift lip to tine-is presed Thy head is pillon ed on tity breast Oh'! I have all my hear, holdi dear And I amin happy-thtn art here. Biloxi, May :31. l16. .................s. POPULAR ERRORS. To think; that an editor. hecause he is an ed tor. is every body's body. l'o think that a woman. because hv :s a w latih is an angel. To think that. pciticians because they babble, are ill smart. To think that rich ground wi!i produce a good crop. Trottink that all is goldihut glitter3. Tlo think that printer's hills ought toi be -paid. if paidh at dl in the meanesteurrecy13, Sbecauise they are printer's bills, * To think that your chtild-rn are faultless, becauise they are y our ownt children. TFo think that apologies make the floor look elean, or raw victuals digest better. To think that ani etertnal grin is a sigit of gotod hunior. To think that chteatintt a man in horse swapping, by hard lying, is better titan stealing.. TJo think that dancing, rouging, or bust ing, is an itmprovenment upont nasture. To think that lines made to jingle at the cetd, are poetry. To think that all hinits int newspapers are intenided "'for nobody in particular."' Disadvantages of a Homely Wife.-Yot can' get along in the world with a homely .n ife. She'll spent1 half her time in looking in the glass. atnd tutmn ind twist, and btrusha and fix, till she gets completely vex'd wnsh her ont n uglintess, and then she'll go right - off and spank the baby. She'll never be pleased with herself, and thams the reason why she'll healways fret tinig or scnlditng at sotuebody or ot~her. She'll ho quarrelling with ail the pretty Sgirls ini the neighborhood. And then site muset have, so many finger rings. onr-jtewels. fiquIcces anid ostrich :.feather--.o - mtuch .all-fired expen~sive, flatring linery, to make her look anty way nice at all, that no reasonable man can *stand it. .-. The glaring7 colors and' flashy dress patterns recetly brought into market, were gotteO up especially for t he benefit of ug13 women. to.dra w..h'e:aittention of men tiron their faces to their.pocks.-WVe tnever set otne of those gaudy. dresses io the. street' without involunsdrily shudderitag antd fee an uncont:-ohlahfe.apr-Oeinsion of meetinf * - &-Shksneari'sh~riyeled dire ws" e a "made up" figure, ornamented with ot glass eye. a stray tooth.' and a tongut hung on a pivot to illustrate perpetua motion. Never marry an ugly wife unilest you are a universal genius, or have a large capital. for if you hav'nt got the 'pewter you will have to he painter. jewceller, calico. printer and jurbelow maker general, a l get little but squalls and scratches for your pains-in other words, as Sam'l. Veiler says, you will be in a perfect cat cgory Punch. The Press.-Douglass Jerrold say, the power of the press is as boundless as that ofsociety. It reaches the thrtue-it is enclosed in the cottage. It cnn pull down injustice, however lofty and raise up low liness, however deep. It castiate critme. which the law can only punish without suppressing them. Wherever tan eye can sfe or a hand can write, there is the press. Persons in tribulation will rely on it for redress. and they feel sure that the wrong ns ill not go unpunished if it he knos n to the journals.-Like light, it penetrates into every nook and cranny of society, and carries help and healing on its beams. It rips rising abuses in the bd. It stops the tide of tyranny ,when setting in full flood. It derives its vast power from the princi pIes of.its being. Seeking out truth and reprecenhing reason, it ctoncentrates onl one point the wh'le moral power of society, and it persuades and gov.rns without viole-nce. by the tmere knowledge that the physical power of society is always ready to vin dicate the right. ks it con-s ito opera tion, the course afsociety b--otns uniform and equal, and its ends are ouain. i istth out those cnlyvnkions and rebellions by which a rude, unlettered people make their w% ill kuowr. Punch says, if a body be acted upon by two equal and opposite forces, it will re main at rest. If then any boady is being sued for a debt on one side lie has ontly to ;et himself sued for debs en all sides of equaml amount, in order to set hime..olf at rest.-At all events he wi!l s':oo: find haiself sctled. Fron (Udiman's Literary Emporium. FE alM l EDUCATION. . Y satAi n K. P FA t.Es Ciflktren should 'never he permitted to Ias f ro riate. :Iggrgr t r.y-iudtredyet o etson exclusive use, and they .hould lie ina-ginced to'share it %ithi, thots who are least able to obtain similari eratifica lion. atd frotm whm they enn expecl ueithlr remuner:ation ntr reward. A few seh practical lessons of knd!y lfeeling at an early ;te would he more ilTeetive, bai all thie honilies upont heitv.ai ence that ever fell upon the htttann ear I will illustrate meay opiniaon of tie man ner in which children tay be itstructe-d in the rare virtue of trite ebaiity. by an adtirahl- incident which nccurred nit hin my own aibservation. Goad has dnuouced b:in who afl-r- "a snerillc tibut is lance, halt," or wo thless to the donor. It i as the custom of an itat racrtess prae ically to reach her pupils to asaciate the feli ng of privilegc ail pleasure With ltf-den ing kindness. She had a box in her, crhaul with a f-sure just lare en.agh to rihitt a paiee.a of ntty. She repro-. sem!e'd to her charge the numerous class of beings wiho were dcs:itutc. nat'inl: of thteir aboundiag luxuriens, lt also tf the cnmforts aid aerassarien, even of life. S he taacht them that they wert" as reiponsitale toi.ud for the tantir in which they dis posed o!f what n as e:.:chisively their to n. as their parent wire wih rtraid to lheih pssessious; and as they would he to their companions lir i horrowed dollar. Slat. inforumed her tpup1il ait athe box wats tdes itntvetd to be U repat.,iiory' fur suich moianey as w as give'na to their awn dlispaosal.antda which they would vihal irily lay tasidle utiil Thanksgiving. wvh.-n ~imight pur a cha-c necessary gat mess fonr t he desti tue, to defendl themt from thle intch( mency of wicter. The desired feeling is rntrly ditieult to bc wakenetd in yout h, nahiutgh~ it Sootn becomes exainet bay entire neCglect. The biox was not only rep1lenishedi attoo ally, taut oiften overflowed. As the lon:~ looked .for period a 1proachecd. yountg bro. hers solitcitted the privilege to cotri bute ; antd young cornpaiints a-kedl thal heir ulrerings titight ho e::cepa ed. A htol. ihay wa- given ott the week precee ding thec festival. Cast aalf garments wert b roght-skilful friends assemblled wil he pupils, to instrucet themt to repmir, or ir aler, tas might be necessary. ?hie casl was napprotprihaed to purchlase shaoes tam stockinags. Otn one dray. eacht week afte Thankistiviug, awo or three pupils mi sue cessioni wecre takeit to dlesaitalte hiattilies whticah atheir owni seareb, or the inaformna Ititon of others brought to their knaowleadgc anal they lada the pore and exquisite pleaI stre to "clothc the n.iked." Match care however. wvas needed to excludie self-coin placency frtom the charity. Onie f tho~pupils, on one orenstion, wa the daughzer of persons, whtoso greni wealt b was alh-nmeasure of their haberaclitn and wvhose prime obiject was the maorail el evatioin of theirebiladreta. A heart retida scene of wretchedness w as witnessed. 'T offeringr was a very partial relief. Th feeling girl returned home, andl with tear entreated her another for means to malk the fa miiy comforta ble. H c: mot her rc plied, that "she faotnd nuitieronas ohjee for all her charity, and that her daun~I itust provide for those from her owni r sources."iTo the enqtuiry what they were he judhicious parenit answered-."that, st werd~ disposed to wear her pelisse ai other year. she inight bestniv the atnoni ~.d.euatedf re an. as she pleased. As a necessary consequence ofsuc ioflu a enre, the permission was joyfully recei ved, and the destitate supplied. It seems almost useles to add, that this mother would not efface a leqstn of grear perma nent value, by giving the aarment so. cheerfully relinquished. Che saied that her self-denyiug daughter, instead of being mortfied at her pelisso, when compared with the new one of her younger sister, seemed always to exult at the supe-ior worth of herown purchase. The fortune to which she was heiress was a paltry possession, when weighed with this intrin sic gecuerosity' of soul. .ly heart-felt miterest in the subject of paternal instruction, and my deep convic tion that there can be no adequate substi tute for it, to the mind. character. or hap: piness oflachild, [ truast macy le my excuse if I have been thought to be too minute and tedious. Oh, mothers! miolthers of immortal heing', whtm you are practi cally guiding to eternal felicity, or unut terable and unbending woe! the blight or blessedness of whose. existence may be traced to you-oh, say, what care, what employment, and above all, what amuse nent, or follies. or wl:a sell' ind.lgence, shall supersede a' duty whicm is unpoed alike by God, by conscience, by reason, and by natural affection ? Next to domestic influences, as means of education. I may rank sohoalk. A nd what shoul.l a t racher he? Douhtless as nearly what you wish your child to be as you can obtain. .Vero you solictous that your son ma:ght be an eminemt lawyer, or phy. sician, you W-mid not place hime in the. office of a legal qua--k, or of an empiric. If you wished uimc to excel int a me chant cl art, you would appren!i-e hitn to tone whose skutl in his hatiness. securel confi .!encte in his instr ttnos. And if you tiou Sought n ottitg but high breeding and cotrtly elegance, lie surely would need the exerample of a finished gentlemnn. The lowest requisites in a teacher sio: td be, thcrough kovledge of what lee teaches, untlenchie moral principle, self-control, and manners, wbich, II' hey mnight not be a model for his pupil<, ugt. at least. to be enairely free whatever is violent, or vuikar. It is impossible that the attentive yotha should be directed several hour, each day to an indiyidelal, i:.hool. con trtciting good or. evil fr)am hia manners. evega cAuteb.ifnsfrwer na, tj':reviescr&i= bel, towifh no higiter-recoimentlations ehan good netaters. self-government, moral prtinciple, and acquaitt tace with bratehes he professes to teach, tu st be t, adtvan tagee to his pupils ibevond pecuniary equiv alent. Fir his recompease would be en tirely physicall-their train, intellectual and oiaetl. iis. what the veriest dnece and gre:test knave may oinaeqire, and which wvill Ipe re-lh irh th- wring''-theirs, what al tne can comcimand ho'art-fel; respect. ae! coettlor true eigtitty and honorable itflt ene--qualities whirh con-tit .:te the stpe cdite difl 'ereet between ntn ram:l brute. and also between an'gl aur dent. 'htt oeit.- s of faihful instrector< are to paflommte the ptrsent tnd litore a'clfrii of their pupils. But their neans and op p'''i titer, are vastly inferior to those I' parett ; anm their seees nu't le directly Iroep-riioea'td to doomtestie tldvtantages. As in agrieulture, one soil requires little I maare thin seed, which will yialel "a betn It el hdtl." in a briefer period than is re 'quisite' to remcive incoumabratnces, and find arccess to another Years may le spent in teaching some to be systematically cr ployed, ttnd to think. whilst thiste years bate t gtetaly ndvacel cotatmpleteI the scientific instruction eef others, who had oly those Prerequisites. A careless ob serve-r nay suppseC, that there is no h-i man t b lehieng poaseneiI of ortinry t,odr m ciodn. wo' tdoea net theink, tar reflect But or h ere are envrindls, whoat pa~ss f'rome their hireit to thetir hier-arrive ralso to tatuterity tf years. witthout otne .iinal lhought. Lcw mtirrors thtov naly reflect extertal ob jaeels. 'Thety are the very eches, the h'ac miailies of o' heers. hithl in opiniona andee con elutct. The'y cnt onely. dare etot. beat they 'onoeeee ttioch f'ore thtemse~elves- A tehreat, a free:t i, seeer. evetn. etan vanquisha them cant rut-we iem to serviliety. cant freeze thetm to rreentle'ssess. or ditssolve themt to imbahe e ihity ! Ag r ic ii i In a' al. MANAGE&AlEN 1 010 SLAVES. Thte undatersigned heaving lbecn appoeinted a commcait tee by the Baorboaur Coucay Ag 4 icultural Soceiety, to report on the beist means of governinag eour slaves, anti oaf paro tatating their happinicess, acid ctatsequently their usefultness tea us ; beg leaive to sub ,tmit the ballowing ciety as to th mao atral obligation oaf ea master, to attendi to tha-cotnfoart tatd hap pintess oef his slaves. Nor do we cunceive dethat there will be anty diflerenace- of opin tiota ats tee the obaligationt tof -the master to paromcote thceamoral anal religiouis churacter .of his slaves. It is the intterestc as wtell as atho duty taf mnastcrs to '-tt this. !andeedi, caour lawis require us to attendc to the coamfore a' andi happaitaess ofC tour slaves ; and our mis sioneary e'stablishmencat, witha its ampale sup e -port by us. showis that we acknoawledge -the obligaation or us, to prottiote the well s being~ of tautr slaves. But even motre-ac' rtotal seetistical rerturtns show that religiotn -~ asnore prevalema among the slave. of the ,, South than thte free blacks of thes Noarthcen if States,- and ecniversal opinion cancurs ini . gavitag hoem a higher mnoral charactor... 11 tI is true thaat in non -slavehauldocg States tot " blaelis are free in theory- bmut in n-racticr thig freedom often ieaila to misery and i aaion, and :tot unfrequently to op presipu from liis white associate. Whilst li iave is iu.thcory in. the closest auds ci'practice te has a friend and protector ti ~ aster,-who, frotm interest, htman i akd. religion, is bound to protect him alfdpIomote his happiness. Thus it will b pi*rcbived, that whilst in theory the S3itthern slave is the most abject and de. ' ded; and the Northern laborer and freed Sthe most free and -happy, yet in prac ti thescale may be, and in the ',pinion o iir Committee often is, turned in fa Ye oftle slave. With the Southern mas t ever.y motive whic. can 'inluence a e .et y-constituted .r.ind-iinterest, huj tny and religion-leads to kindnes to 'vdspur slaves ; anid it is only the bra cajmoud'unreasonablde portion of mankind . candot be influenced by these means. W his class our laws are made and will copel then to do that for which no corn pA i tonghi to he required. Of all the m.v wM hich inflinence the intercourse be ftt in gen, interest is certainly the trdheat-this the employer of the hire li ceks to a great extent to induce him toI t- kis birelinig kindly. The interest oea master in connection with the hire din s to-obtain as much labor from him a3 hibje at the smallest cost; and when 61 crimes too old or decrepcid from di easor aver-labor to work, to get rid of hiine..oon as possible, whilst with thn owe eof the slave, as ite slave is -hi pro pCy,-and he is bound for his support und e Ct1crcumstances, we can readily con "e how- strongly 'he Motive of-the ma tz'aking good care of the slave, ani hueiueitding the time of his useful nes IuAr co;nicittee, therelbre, feel well wa in idiling that the -naster who cuill disregard all those motives ftr the goQ reatmicemc of his slaves, must be bru tal' ed, and must be st ouctruse inl his int - as to act against the plainest prir jlenf reason. For such cases your Co . 1i1jee.invoke the' rigid cnforcerment of-. c .ais, and the expres'ion of a strong con ircalion by public sentiment Your Co tree take ploasure in saying, that ahi gh there are instances in this as o ell as i ther comiun :ities in which the con side as referred to, have not been suf fis o restrain ttasters from cruelty to tep. &0rttritieratl rue; and they atre of fpcinun. that there is n gradual insprove meh oigtn in this mltter. We ree ottenld, however; that this subject be kept befre the community. in order to convince all, that iterest. hunanicy and religion, alike, demand kindness to slaves, and that the law frown oit those who t-eat their slaves inhumanly. 'Tlhere is one clas of our comuin ity to whom atill the iotives referred to, to in duce LS to kindness -tj oI:r sla is. d u not apt ply. Y'or C:icnctttee refer to our overseer:. As they have n.1 property inl our Slaves, of course they lack the check cit self-interes'. As their only aim in ;enoral is ite me:e crop results of the year, whe can readily conceive the strong mducetent they have to over-work our slaves. nod here tmasters are often much to blame, for inadvertently encouraging this feeling in their overseers. It is too coi c:otely the case that masters look only to the yearly proelucts of their fartms, and praise or condemn their overseers by this sitandard alone, without ever once troubling themselves to inquire in o the tnner in which Ihings are managel on their pint tatins, and whether he may have lost nore in the dircinilhed vilie of his laves hv over-work Than he has gained by his large crop. It is a welt establishted fact, that o-; inork prodces premature old uge, bodily dclormrity and dehiltcy of con stituttion,. and chteeks te incerectwe of fe-' tmaics. . The ma~ster, terefiore. whoe lias to sucpport his premt arely old. tdefored'ci mt.d decmlitatedi slaves, may well que'tiont :hec beceficial results of his large cpe. espn ciaclly whcen his ontly inicrease oif slaves is| by piurcases at hii~h prices. Ytor com mci:cee tcike .ptiea-tnre itt refecrtg to the tact. thbat those pianieirs whio aru- most; se cessfutl i0 the acquisicon ofE wealtth atre generally thoste whlo ''mackie hansne slow," antd whos. will noct ''kill cte cgoose-, tn ob'tain te golden egg." We are therefiire icf opmttioni, that it' masters would iay less stress otc the mere crop resulits of thte platn cationc, and place more stress on te piroper treatmen~tt ot their slaves, and the sy'ste matic mantagemen~tt of thecir lantatuitts. it would correct the evil referred to. Our overseers icughct tic have no itnterest hce yonid of pleasinig their emplotiiyers; antd ucnthting but ihe most inthumanr feelinig on htis par' could inducce him to treat the sicaves cruelly, inc oppoisition toc the kuown wcih of his emltoyer. Let thec ma~ster recollci. too, thatt hie caccnict relieve im ,elf(fr the odium of ernel tr'eatitent io hcis slaves. by attemptinig -so throw the odli umo on his overseer. It is his duty1 to kncow hoiw his slaives are treated, andi to proccect themr against -cruelty. -Fromt the citanchmtent whtich exists lie twceen mice master atid slit e. yotur cotimmit - tee are ofcpiniont that an apcpeal to th--ia' better feelinigs would heo sofiiiint int most eases to control thtemi. Thcey arc aware, howvever, that this rule imust have a li-it, an httelaw of foerce mcist 'havce some shr ntegovertnent of the negro as weall ts the whienan. In thtcse cinuttries where what is called iioluntaryj servitude existe, the force then is necessity. WVhen the laborer is dependetL uponi his dacily income for te support of himself anid ratm ily.; and when the lin of his wages, as t often. the case, involves theo starvactionc 0 jis wife and chiilrent, certamtlyip greatet ~oc'e can be 4p'lied to liiw than the threj of turning him offltoaeek his bread, with out a character,or probably with a black ceed one. In the management of our slaves, tbis cannot be, as the -master is bou id for their support. The muster must resort to other means of control. 'After reason and persuasion have been exhaus tod without producing the desired effect, punishment of some sort must be resorted to. But this should never be carried to a greater extent than is absolutely necessary to enforce obedience to necessary-com mtands. When this mode of discipline is adopted, your committee do not hesitate to say, that with prudent management,.pros perity on the part of the master. and hap tiness on the part of the slave is the inev itable con-requeuce. No more beautiful picture "if human society can be drawn than a H ellorganized plantation, thus go verned by the humane principle of reason. When the negroes are well fed, well cloth ed. and have not unreasonable burtheos imposed on them, but are accustomed to a systetmatic and regular course of labor, especially if the slaves have been born and reared up in the master'b household, or have long been members of his family, and hence have that strong attachment 'which never fails to grow up between the master and his slave in the course of lime. The picture never tails to remind one of the patriarchal days when Abraham had sluves born in his house, or purchased with his money. Under such a state of things toe master knows the man.; the, man his master.- The naster feels co-,fident that the mian is attached to him, and will con sult his interest. The man feels confident that the master will only reituire'what is right of him, and will abundantly provide for ill his wants as well as that of his fam ily. When he or his children are sick, lie knows that he will have his master's physicitn to minister to them. When he is naked, lie knows he will be- clothed ; an.l when he is old, he knows that his wants will all be supplied to him in his small cottage; during winter he will he warmted by his master's fire. and :lothed from his tnastet's flock; and at all times lie kno.s that lie will be fed from hii mass ter's crib and meat house. The titan looks even beyond death, and knows that when lie shall have died, lie will be decently buj riel, and his children after him provided for. When s '* nt top suc r a' rstcr, - o~vanxious t to so=~ lcirude of his slavei for his recovery ? Anif wien at last death overtakes the good master, the tears, the sobs and the cries-of his faithful slaves point to him rlather as their father than their master. Thie is no find sketch-it is a picture, the origital of which we have -efth ad mired-and we venture that no more beau. iiful. Eiht has ever been viewed in the ountries of voluntary servitude, however great the boast of its superiority as a eys tet of lihdr over slavery. - -Your.com mittce are aware that there are those who doubt the probability of a strong attach ment between the :master and.his slave. But they are satisfied that this position is wr.tng, and from their experience they know that there are numerous cases in the Southern States where the picture drawn above is a faithful sketch ofaoctual life. Vith respect to the best-todeofgovern - ing our slaves, your committee think they cannot tiring th subject to the view of the plante; in i more proper shape, than by rectmtttending to them the illowing or similar rules in :the govertnment of their slaves. Of ecurse, these rules are very general, and may be extended, probably with: advanage. But your committee, teic.r maturo reflection, are of opinion that tuey embrace all the greater principles upon which they propose to base the go vernment of our slaves. Itule Ist. Never pumish a negro when ini a pasin No one is capable of prop erhy tr'gilating the puntishmtent for an of. fenice whtent atngry. 2. Never require of a negro what is on rea;snab~le. But when you give an or der be sure to entforco it with with firm ness. y et tmihdly.. 3. Alwatys attempt to govern by rea son in the hirst itnstance, and resort to-force ontly when reason fails, and then use nto mtor~e force than is absolutely ntecessary to pirocure obedience. 4. In giving ordcrs, always do it in a mtid ttno, andl try to leave the impression Ott the mind of the negro that whtat you say is the result of reflection 5. Itt givinig orders, be- sure that you are understood, and let the negro always know 'hat he canl ask for an explanation if lie does no understand you. 6. Whent you arc under the .necessity of punishing a negro, be sure to let him kntow for what offence he is punished. 7th. Never act in such a wvay as to leave the imnpressiont on the mind of the negro that yon take pleasure in his p;unishiment )our tman .or abould indicate that his pun ishmtetnt is painful 8 A regular attd systematic platt of op eration on teplantation isgreatly pro Imotive of easy governmnent. llave, there fore. all mas: ters as far as possible, reduced to a system. - 9. Negroeslhick the motive of self-inter est to, make them careful and diligent, henco the.necessity of' great patience it: the managemet of them. Do net, there fame, notice too many small omissions o duty.- . -10. The maxim of tmaking haste shov~ in plantation operationts, is eqnally aptpli cab e as itn ordittary vocations of life. Thi mneanti g of which is, not by attempting tn do two much, to over work and cease qisently ioja~re your hands. Recolfect tha the journey of life is a -long..And at best,!i edio-U5 one. Thbe travelher who wishe' to make a long and safe-trip, always trav els in regular and moderate' stages.. Do not kill the goose to obtain the goldon egg. Let these or similar -ru)ss be generally adopted, and .carne-d -out by the Southern planter, and your committee do not besi :tate to say, that aliho.ugh-it- may not stop the clamor of wicked men; nho-seek to make political capital .out of the spirit. of Aboliiion, yet their clamor will prove as harmless as the owl's hoot-even the slaves themselves will not thank them for their efforts, but Iangh-tihem to sco'rn. The only- food on which this fanatical spirit has: heretofore been fed, is ' the in-' stances- in- which some among us have failed to carry out. the humane principles above recommended.: -Many of which in; stances- have.; been carefully (collected; properlyembellished to suit the taste of old women and children, and published to the world as the legitimate fruits of slavery. - All of which, your committee respect, fully submit. --- JOAY A. 'CALDOUs, E. E. Dulioss, Commi'tee, VIrttL Boso, June 13, 1846. - Our Country-Ids Population and Pro ductions.-We have been much gratified in perusing the annual Repori'ofthe Com missioners of Patents for 1845,-which coin prises about 1300 pages of interesting and valuable information. ; After' all the outcry against the pricting of this docu ment which has fifled.-the newspapers, we do not conceive that a li'keanmount of mo ney could ba-eitpended in -any better way than in thus disseminating knowledge upont useful and rural afTirs to the people of the % hole 'country. - We subjoin it synopsis containing some very interesting informa tion in relation to the- popylation and agri cultural productions of 'the country. The estimated population, at the present tiro; is nearly twenty millions of souls, (19.602, 500.) The-number of bushels of wheat raised the last year 'was' 106.540,000; which is equal to 21,309,600 barrels of flour, allowing five -bushels per barrel, or more than a barrel of flour to each iridivi dual man,- woman and'child in the United States. The -increased- number of emi t rrers; an t e new an a ii nZ".' = nually'placed under cultivation,' together *ith theheavy 'harvest of thh country,.haj greatly increased the- wheat crop - of the present year over that (,f the-last, as enor. monus as it was.--But--this-is-but- a single item of the products of agriculture. Be sides-this, there were-produced bf barley, 6.160,000 bushels; onts, 163,208,000; rye, 27,175,000; buckwheat, 10,268,000; [a dian corn, 417,899.000; potatoes, 88,392, 000-a less amount than former years on account of the rot. Hay,14,065,000 tons; flax and hemp, 36.500 tons; tobacco' 187.422.030 lbs.; bilk cocoons, 486,5301bs; sugar, 226,026,000 lbs.'. , . - Tiese estimates4' not 'proteading t6' he completely -accurate, furnish as near an approximation - to the truth as possible, and will serve to form some basis for cal culation in gross respecting the agricultu ral resources of our country. - The field of agriculture continues to increase as well as-labor-to cultivate it:-Thus, last year, 1,754,763 act es of the ptblic lands were sold. while the number of emigranss from' Great Britain, and other European coun tries generally, is - believed to have been greater than for any previous year. The State of Pennsylvania stands -tbe third in the importance and variety of its agricul tural productions. - There were raised in that State., list'year, 12,580;000 bushels of wheat, 141,000 of barley, -19,826,000'of oats, 11,927,000 of rye-near'y four times' the amount of any other sitate; 3,322,000 of buckwheat, 17,126,000 of' potatoes, I, 527,0100 tons of hay, 535,000 -lbsdj of -tod~ bacco, 41,370 of silk cocoons, 1,600,000 of sugar. New York and.Ohio-are the only States which exceed Pennsylvania. -South& Carolinian.' - Fat~ening IHogs.-l t is a good policy to commnence fattening pretiy'early, for pork can he made at less cost in mild weather than in winter. At this seasotn weeds from ,the garden and fields will aid a little, and swveet apples ihat have fallen willido'-more service ii the hog pen than under the tree, where the worms thet ore-in them would make their appeanrancc nest spring in the formn of inqects. -Hogs are fond of variety, and in August and Sepmembher they ican be gratified at small cost. Purslaue, that no'v covers the groutnd in many gardens is greedily de voured by hogs, and w~ho knows but this' weed has as much power to fatten as the the tops of corn have ? .Charcoal should be occasionally thrown into the pen; brim atone should be mixetd in the liquid food. and a little meal improves sour milk and whbey. When your sweet corn is full the' corn may be cot up 'at the roots, and the whole may be cet with an axe. The-cob will be eaten with the corn, and the whole' will pirove economical --fouod. Well fed' hogf'.miake better manure than half fed animals, and now your haying hurry-is' over you have time to add 'loam that will make- the'..pen.-sreli. sweeter a ban some kitchens that you may- pass by. *TIte Thousand-miles Walk .Au gust' 28th was the last day ni 'the si weeks job.' of.Saton, -the pedestrian, at Caledoia" Springs. -There is little doubt that he 'hap accomplished the feat, as when last hoard t(rein he was trotting his mile every hoi. w ith. wonderful-apsi it and vigor,.for a in - I of fris advaded M. . -'i