Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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dence "ipait t gr .tarbors et com merce to be embraced ia it. .The first a r6 propriation thi .oa abler tftnd. :even for ha belt ;was te in 1822. mdr sri:afte'r. the -mmeuce ;Ighirtarienta and , at fits - ' n t hec'oD struction o1 tw i u i es,:of suicien' -dimeosions tob tblert salsfirem ice-" Ther fwatersear -the mouth 'of? i D~la &'?. '-The-next appropriation was in 1823. to survey the ~e -sutranceof the_ haibor:of .reett-ale, np Lake Erie,;-wvitb the view of removing ob str ttioi~ttt its: fouth.. It was 'tnot until 1827 that appropriations were made pro fessedyf'or th'mprov~eent of harbors, adis'nor'tiif%28;liehra regular and ex pensive syitem was commenced of con diructiug and -iinproving' th en 'us a ptiu of the systernof internal improvement; ' "Butas strong as these reasotus are, there is another stilli ore -so, drawn from' the nature of the power and' the early pittt tice ofrlie government. The power, as -has-been stated, is -restricted exclusively to- the;-reglatilou of tiie. eternal ' orn 'ierceof te~ States with each other, as -separate and -diiinet' communities; and cannot. as such. act writhiu' tWe 'limbs df tiha'taefobenod 'wha'- intiispensible to its execution. -But so careful were the framers of thbConsiiiution io guard agaiost the abuse of power, 'that 'they have not left it toinfereni 'to determine. to what' extent it is indispensable 'for'that purpose. They have, by a provision of the ' instru ment, Qxedtjh6'precise limits. Yur con 'mittee refer to that already. cited, which exempts vessels bound' to or from one State from being' obliged' to enter. ce'ar, or-pay duties in another; and tihertby se curing to that extent, and. no further, a free ingress and egress of the vessels of all the States within an'l from the limits of each other. But, ivith that'exception, the -harbors df a State are as- completely under the control'of -the State, and as sub ject to its laws 'and legislation, as any other portion of its territory ; and the ves sels of other States are as subject to them as those belonging to therowo citizens. Stricily speaking. then. the power to reg ulate, commerce among the States is a power wholly inter alios; so much so, in deed, as to require this additional, or, as it 'may be -fTirl7ealled, 'supplemental peir"in secure to the vessefseof othet States the'rightto enter, to clear, and' be exempt from dtity,'both in their ingress -and egress. The conetusion would seem to follow,- irresistibly, tiht a power so strietlyl inter alien -eannot Fie extended so 'as to embrace' ther improvement or con stroction of -comnercial harbors. ' The case of harbors foi shelter iidiferent. they relail directly to thb safety of eommitee, in its'transit-from State to Stae, n'W t-e i- character and object thie same aspublie pierd,'and-come, as sech, fairly uder the power to -regulate comnette. The 'case. is'asgiiifiei'rei ini uferene. nav sta. tions orb.dors. They comeunder an-. othfr powar-that "to'provide atd,main teid's -avg. --. Buttif'additibnal evidence-sho'kibe rep qutitteditbii * Tbst' fueorirfihbrs are iltiibared'6 b f ;&ietoiIi' r e .:Li a - n ' ',ME p . a refert'ti p o.Ashiall; iilledt itbdonife 't of'-Todgrestr, lay oyiiupistor dufies on imports or dumies-ion)U'pbris hr expnrts,' except what mna be abseoluteiy~ necessary -for execu tir..'its ispectipa''awsnadd the net pro deo of all ditties- and 'imlposts laid by any Stnte-o imngoriandr exports shall be for the true of the treasury~ of the Uni ted-States; aend all 'such lawvs shall be subjecet to the revision a'nd control of the Cungress. "No State shall, without the' contenteo Congress, lay any duty on ton nage." We find in this 'provision a ma teriaildifferenebetween the powser re served to the States to lay, with the con sent -of Congress.. duties otn ithports and exports on tihe one'hand, anid on tonnage on the other. In 'the former it is exipressly provided that the proceeds shall pass into the treasury of the United states, while in the' other is left without 'any sucir proavis ion af~ the disposal of the State imposing them. There must be a reason for the dis - tinctibu ; and it-would be diffeicut to assign any other than that it was ttuendied to re serve to the States the 'powerr to collect duties 'on 'tonnage,' with the consent of Congi-ess, in order to leave at their dis posal -the money collected, to enable' them to raisi funds for mortie- pniirovementt initi niately connected with thre convernience of vessels -in port, or to designate any one more so than -the improvement of the liar bor or port itself. . We Gond. accordingly. t6at the poswer, as far as it has ever been useu'by.the States, has been exercised ex clusivelyto' raise funds for' that purpose. and that the consent of Congress has been freely given to acts of Stare legislatures for such purpose. As' early as'i1800, the consent of Congress was given in an act of the- general assembly of Maryland, which authorisert the wardens of the port of Baltimore to -collect a duty on any ves sel arriving at the saine, of sixty' tons or more, of a sum tot exceeding two- cents. for the purpose of improving the barbor and port1 and also to so macly of an act of the-State of' Georgia,. passed 1787. enti third "An acet -lbr regulating the trade and laying duties onall goods, wares, and mer chtlndiset and negroes imported into- the State, and also an impost on tonnage of shipping; and other purposes therein men tionedl," as authorizes a duty of threepene per ton on all shipping enteritrg the- port of Savannah to tie set'spa'rr as a fund Ioi clearing the river Savannah." The act giving consent was to continue' in sforce for eighit years. it has been renewed several times' as to the acts of both of the State, and'that of Mfaryland is now in force by a rede wal so late als 143. -'These acts, both of the State legislatures anid Congress,- sf ford conclusive proof that, the intention which they have assigned tro the framers of idoe'cohstitutiont for reserving the power to'be dxertlsed-by the States wtimh the cout sen't of Congress is t-he one- which governed them. "Hia feb~vshown', as they frusar.don Mf~*1r~iat l~ i ower excludes the CoD sientof barbors of comm- nto; harbors iAtu 1 swl'b~&hit lA~!ds'the ciit ting or canals or the constructionor road aroupdtui.als.a tlls, or other .impedimen to the navigation of 'the river sr its trihti tarios, asu.te reasons applictble lt the od are mostly equally sotoe the' tber.. Thut if there be notbing'in the. practice of th governments of the States, at or before th adoption of the. constitution, or in the earl practice of the federal government, to jus tify it in the one case, so there is nothin in the other. So, likewise, the reason reduced from the nature of the power, tha it isitrictly inter alias, so much so as t require amupplemental power exemptin vessels, on going in or out of a State, fron entering, clearing and paying duties, ar, equally applicable to both. Indeed it ap plies, if possible, more strongly, as the are tutore strictly inter alios. in reference t such works, than to harbors; and it ma be aaded, as an additional reason, thn individual inducement and power are alike adeqaate 'to- both. It is proper ui adidalso; that all they have stated in thi connexion are applibable to harliors an' works ofthe kinU vhere'vertbhtnd, wheth er on-the Atlantic,'the gulf, the lakes, .o -iversfalltagInto them." "We copy'the subjoined lucid exposition o the Report of Mr. C 'llfoan, upon the Memo ial of the Memphis Convention from the South Carolinian: " We cannot disguise a fact, which eve ry day renders more palpable. and which the next Census will establish beyond con troversy, which is,.that the power of ibis Governdteot, the power df saying what the Constitution is, and what the Federal Government can do underit, is fast gliding into the hands of the people of the valley of the Mississippi. They have a deep in terest in the meaqure discussed in this Re port. It is of the last importance to the welfare of the Old States, that wlu they assume the powers of the Guvernmetft, ivhich they ultimately will do; that they should take them under well established and safe constructions. If, before they have attained the strength which will ena ble them to seize and exercise this power without any control but the unregulated feelings and voices of their own interests, we can give them a safe direction to their opinions and a sound construction to the Constitution and the true policy of the Go vernment, we shall have no cause to fear the change. But, if we resist them to the last, and deny notonly what i+ not Con stitutional, but what is Constitutional, we set them an example of confounding what is false with what is true, which they will turn upon us when they have the power, and their owtrpufposes seduce them into it. "The first-question in fact for an honest mind is, does the Constitution give any power for the improvement of the Missis Aippi? for if it does, candor requires us to admit it at oncewhile soundpolicy equally enjoins as to admit it as it is, and to sepa rare the legitimate and constitutional views of bth subject from the false and danger o us netsies -with .which it is entangled ; and that is precisely what dhis Repori duos, wthatt ability seieely equalled, and a perspicuity no where surpassed. ."T-he Report shows. conclusively, that bepower does exist for itr proving the-na v tit o ' sissi *andfis tributa Wei as antoriztng" 4ner dal Improvements, Such as opening rivers lying within 'one or two States, snaking turnpike roads or canals, or improving harbors, all of which are within the limits nd control of the States in which they are situated,, and belong to theni exclusive of any right of the Federal Government, but as authorized by the Power to regulate Commerce between the States. The whole argument is a profound and powerful ex position of Constitutional construtctlon, hich rest'icts the pIJOTr of the Federal Government to its legitimate limits, and e. plain~s and sirengthens those of the States. It cuta off without exception, all such schemes as those that are familiarly known s Internal Improvements, and which con stitute the vital elensents of those Bills, by which, under log-rolling bargains, sectios and States are seduced, bribed and ear rupted into voting for appropriations of millions on millions of dollars for the im provement of creeks, rivers and harhors, and for making turupihes, canals and rail roads, never authorized by the Constitu tion , the money to do which is to he raised by iniquitotus and oppressive Tariffs. That it is a stringent and thorough re form docurment, and is considered and felt to be the death warrant of latitudinarian and atrti-State Rights constsruclion, of all these vile schemes of plunder and corrup tin, is clearly manifested by theo reception in the House of Representatives of the Bill which was passed in the Senate,~ nd which was drawn in conformity with thit Re port. Eatremes coaleseed, two classes of politicians united to reject it at its se coud reading, without allowing it even to ediseusseds Of these two classes, the Brt and also by far the most numerous. were the plundering supporters of the Rver nd Harbor bills, who saw in this measure the death of their schemes-the second enrbraced good State Rights ures of ultra views, who wish- for more time te prepare the public mind for the proper re cept ion and consideration of the great prim ciples of this document." John C. Calkm.-It his been the for tune of this gentleman so be matte the sujedt of attack and bitter denunceiatiorl once in every two or three years- htit known that we are att humble aderirer ol his great talents, his Statesmanshipt, Enc his unyielding crevotion so principle. We regard bim as a model on which it would be tell' for our public men to shape thetm selves, and if they cannot follow, let thern imitate Ihis- examnple. He bay never soughi ephemeral popolarity by urnwholesom'e ap peals to the prejudices- and passions of the people- He does what hie beliefes right and the dentrnciationis of the whbole Amer ican peophe hate never beenr able t< ebauge his opinion when once shad'e ui: and publicly eapressed. The past lhistory of th'e counts'y furnishi many instances el his unchangeable' and unfauhtering devo' in ;-we will-not say he has always-beet right, but ste do say that he is- usually as near right as men genetally get to be. Lookr with an eye unprejudiced, at thi whole of the past. history of this man, anc tellnu a what. nnoin in his political careel s he has diverged ; of one; tiea prhiciple a lie has ever . apandot i'erilihed 'bpiniotiupyresed No oa calibe His silence duritigthep A'_ bf ih'dbiil e approprilting $10,000,000, hkd ~author a izing the President to a t ofr50,000 y volunteers, has been mad oeans of an attack.- Mr. -Calho ipliied his position on that subject ; he esplana tiod:is'not so full-and-coin as it enight be, he has shown that be- .not without is reason,. We shall notniow attempt a defeuc of ths course-t he: me has not vet arived when an explanafiou-would be at all useful-puabiscsentimebt'.too much excited. We be of the friends cf sheeat Southi taroliniati to -remain' gilit Tior"'u seasi', :tid iet circumstances urifoldkthe mystery tar the 'Mexiceh war, and- hea theipoliVy of that government shall have beet clearly developed ilhe cobntry will:see' *heiher Mr Calhoun was' right-ti-think he'is right, and the hour is hot-'falrdstant;We think, when those who have-been the first to centre and condemn, will he the first to retract and do justice touibim -.Abei deen, (Mis.) Advertiser: Repudiation -The Mexi anist of-ouir Whig politicians sticks out at'allpoints. They are 'aivfully shocked at the bare mention of one of the' Amdncan States repudiating her'debts, or-of'('en -delaying their payment, if she be '& Democratic State. "Locofoco RepudistEs,""dihon est knaves," sid the like; .'ll be si all their mo'nths. Mekico has ' ekdowledged slre owes -nsbme ten millioi of dollars. She promised'to-pay i,'buidiliefused' 'o do so for years. Do you heaE our -whig politicians denouncing her f-the 'base'sin' of a Repudiation," andoad 'herwith e fpithets? Oh, no! the; :efend her declaro she is in the right. nnd abuse their 'own government for seeki td.I ' he 'wrongs we have suffered this faithless nation. n against Repudiation are'a1! t the countrymen-for hoine-conSmstiosi. O 0 il = r e s s111&k *I . Cbrktepondence of the Cirat'GoidCricr. WAssiiN t 01uly 16. The treasury note bill ha pased' with a provision for the payment :the notes heretofore cancelled and 1illeutfv re issued. In the discussion 6ribe nsubject doubts were expresse'd whler tihe sum would be adequate to the ne iies of the Government. The estimiiMe of'th'De partmots of War and 8he r, for the additional expenses. in cone kIuence of the war, up to July 1847, fenty two millions. - The treasuy nti'i f is based on that estiimate, and it is 'tffed to be inadequate to the eflicient' .mc it of the war. Mr. McKay submitted t I the' wa' was to con'inue, Cougress t next session. resort to, on,; the means of suppril ighI r he Government. There'is'io as - lieve that the war is toa :n year, or next year and im. 'i 'tlmougih expensive, is by no inean ent, ot: the part of tihe edministra''dv We.learn that a ''cs Nh " e. i a sou it ; n eastlo of San Juan d'Ilf. The generral opiniois that i can only be inken by landing a,military force north Of the 'castld. But 'there is .a gentlirman bre, from'tillinois, 'who has. iubmitmed 'a plan1 to lIke cotnimittee on Naval affirs, fbr takIng'the datstle with oni vcessel,.a* model of *hiela hte hesoffered. 'The WVdrehiimsa Bill Vwas passed, 31 to 20, and sent to thei House fur concurrence. Theo opponents of'the mseasure consideretd it as one of the auxtiliaries of the proposed tariff and sub- treasury bills,- and designed to bear a pait itn promoting 'thle same ob j 7 Zuiy 17. Both Hodses have Ion,. by decided majorities, fixed otn the 10th August ftor adjournment sine die. .Some opposition wvas madte to the measure by those who apprehend that the day being fixed, the opponents of the Tariff and 'Sub-Treasu ry, will be able to defeat those' measures by the process of stdiig f, wiiich is of ten resorted to in Congress. Much consternation wass manifested yes. terday at the threat of Senator Somple to go home. The Senator was an unsuc cessful applicant for the office of Brig; dier General, and 'also foi-.the office of Comnmissioner of the Land -O'ffice. . H~e determined to go home and attend.to 'his private affairs, and leave 'the Ierif bill. to its fate. HeJ had actually packed ughis effeets and was about to take the Balti more train wehen 'his democratic friends awaited on him and dissuaded him from his purrpose. But .the event his seemed to create sonme additional apprehtensions as to the fat'e of the bili. Pe'rha ps, if .the Senator be tnt appiointed to some office, be wilt deem it his duly to vote against the bill. Otne other denmocratie Senator has been found to be w avering. iiis vote, it is said, 'vill' not be givet? against the bill, but for afl the motioo* dalculated to stave it off The struggle is at hard one, a'nd the result ancert'ain. July J$. The prospect of th'e passage of the Ta riff bilt is much better to day than it has been. It appeai- o bei niow very eptain, that, in- full Senate, the vote wou'ld be twenty nine for the bifi,.and twenty seveo against it. During the discussion- of a motion t'o change the hour or meeting to ten O'clock. Mi1' Se'iier eirpressmed the-hopte that the final vot'e would be t aken 03 th'e bill ou Weddesdey'next. Subsequenitly. Mr. E..fohdson proposed that 'it be taken nezt Saturday, 'h'eS5th, which wvas agreed to ifoomalry. Thes.. delete came to a pause, to day, alter Mr. D'avis concluded' his speech at three o'clock.'. No. one rose and Mr. 'M'cDuffie calhied for the question. The yea. a'nd nays were ordered, and the question' wasa actually put by the Vice President, whetn .M'r. Eederdy Jodhusou rose. The oppoinim of die.,bill were waiting for sotme ohe c'the oilier side to Mr. McDuffie,. in opposing lur. ,John son's motion to postpene the bill, till 12 to-morrow, to give him an opportuinity to speak, said that,-on his side of the Senate, ther a sa geatanxie to-takes The'4::s. tion; so much so that theylhad declined speaking, and ~left'the discusso.t entirply to ihe opponents -of the, bill. Twovery able speeches, each occupying two days, -had- been delivered against the bill, and be objected to any postponement. Mr. Lewis stated that some gentlemen onhis side were very anxious to leave the city. This last is a strong reason for urging the question on the bill, for it has been found diffeiuit to keep some of the friends of the bill in their place. Mr. R. Johnson will speak to-day. Mr. Evans estimates that the bill will yield five millions less than the Tariff of 1842. He predicts that, if the war con tinues, Congress must be called in Octo ber, to raise further means-for the sup ply now proposed by this Treasury note bill would, by that timne, be exhausted. The hill was not fully disposed of. The House was occupied. to-day, with the private Calendar, and went very near through it. Correspondence of the Charleston Evening News July 20. in the Senate to day the House bill providing for the distribution of the Liws of the.United States among members, was taken op. it was strongly opposed by 31r. Bentob,on the ground that it did not look well for the members to be voting themselves books when at the same time they were pretending to carry retrench ment into every other department at the Capital. -Afier'farther discussion the bill was laid over till to morrow. Mr. Breeze. fron the Cominitteee on Public Lands, r-eported bak the Land Graduation Bill from the House, with sundry additional amendments. Several 'af them are of such a nature as to render the assent of the House rather doubtful, especially when it is r'emembered that in that body the vote was almost equally di vided. - Several petitions ngainst the Tariff bill having been disposed of. Mr. Lewis mo ved to take up the Sub Treasury Bill. Mr. Evans hoped it would not be taken up now, as it was due to the Senate to give. some notice. M1r. Lewis said he had given notice. Mr. Cass said he was friendly to the bill, but he desired that the River and Harbor bill should have precedence, After further discussion the Senate. by a vote of 22 to 30. refused to take up the Sub Treasury Bill. Mr. Dix then moved to take up the River and Harbor Bill, Mr. Baghy thought it very unnecessary to force a bill appropriating a million and a half at this time. and for which the country had no immediate need, before the reventue bill was disposed of. Mr. Dix rejoinel, alttr which the bill by a vote of 37 to 14 was taken up. The question was upon certain uimplortant amendtihents reported from the Cotntit ee on Commerce. These having been made at distant paints, and not in our own country, and among our own citiz-ns. Hence, Mr. Calhoun argues the necessity of strengthening the cnuntry in its fint ces. ' A svyten of direct taxntion coimiet surate with the expenses mo-st he resorted to athe next sesion, should the war not Correspondcnec of t?uc Charleston Courier. July Vl. 'te fate of the Tariff bill is still the subjer.,f the tnost intense anxiety, and sote diU... for it nill he easy to kill It by somtie, stdb blow, with the atiud f one or two Senaatnrd ',jtetofoird thotught to lbe hesitating. T1he Ui~1n nw considers N r. Semple 'is firm amd sa~ for the bill. Mr. Haywood is instructed to wite fot it, his it has beetn reported that he wud vote for a postponement ill next sessiotn. )r. B~en totn, it has heent said, would inisist onut a duty ou tea and cuafee,and that this amii. menit would hazard th~e bill ; but .3r. l . has. as I know, determined to votet for the bill as it stiands. lie will, probably, untite with Mr. Calhoun ini britnging up a sepa rate bill, impositng a tax odl tea anid L'ifee. Otn the whole, the chance ist thtat thse bill will pass, but it is possible thast i'2s opera tion may be potstponed till .March next, sum thtat it moay be seen, mneanwhile, what revenue we watnt. Besides the delegation of demiocratic irons mat-ters from Pentnsylvatiia, we htave now otte of influential Newu York demo crats, who are exerting great influenice in opposition to the passage of the bill. We hear nothing, oticialIly as to the fate of the Bli isti offer of mediation between the United States and Mexico. Unless mediationt should be successful, it is now very certain that the war will lie foug. It has been planned on a broad aind compre'tensive scale, and will 'oe pursued with energy. You will see thatu the Cal ifortnia expediin is oue of conquest attd settlement. It is a jdst remark of Mr. Calboun's, that this w ar, if i t continues, will prove to be a very ex-petnsive one, utnd that it will be unusually onerous in proportiorn to its expense. Thle expenditures are all to be explained by Mr. Dix, were agreed to. The bill, ias amietnded, was thten ordered for a third" readinig. The consideration of thue Tariff bill w'as then resumed, wihen Mir. Niles took the floor end made a speech of some hours in opposiiin to the bill. Mr. Morehead has the flour for to morrow, After Mr. Web ster shall'have spoken, it is said a dlespe rate effbrt will he miade io take the qutes tion. Shou'ld the bil pass, the Whigs look npon the return of Pennsylvania to their'ranks as certain. A letter was received this evening by an of~her of the'Gove'rnm'ent, giving the in formation-thai G.etnerah. Santur Annat and Almnonte had left 1{avanaon the 7th inast., in a' British vessel -of-war, for Vera Cruz From the minutes of the late triennial meeting, just published, it ppears thai the number of ministers beloigitig to the brancht termed the New Schtol Presby teri'at Church itn thte UnsiteO States ts 164?7; licentiates,218 ; canidielaso. 339; churches, 2?79 ; cohnunicauts,'174,714. 07 A gentleman, says the N. Y True Sun, just tarrived from the seat cx war states that Capt. May's beard reachks as low as the hip; and that the hair ohis head is iiroportionably long., No wonller Gen. Vea "knonked under." ~Isce1Ltq euert From the Temperancs Adebot. TEMPER/ANCE CONVENTIO'. We have only room lasday fo-tli fdf lowing important resolutions passed at the late Temperance Convention, whicir as. sembled at Aiken in this State. They were submit ted by J. G. Bowman, Esq and unanimously adopted ; 1. Resolved. That the nhject of the Temperance Reformation is, to induce all persons to abstain from the use, asa beve -rage. of itoxicating liquors, and from the furnishing of them for such use to others, in order thus to remove that great obstruc tion which the use of such liquors occa sions to the intellectual elevation, the moral purity, the social happiness, and the present and future good of man. 2. Resolved, That it has been proved, that men who do not use intoxicating li quors are more healthy than men that do, are longer-lived and better qualified for every good work ; that as the use of these liquors tends, not only to injure, and in many eases, to ruin individuals, and bring great listress upon their families, but also to den:nralize the public mind, and under mine all the blessings of free institutions, it therefore follows, that the sale, or the furnishing of such liquors to be so used, is evidently an immorality, and ought to. be so viewed and treated by the whole com munity. 3. Resolved, That as the sale of intox icating liquors to be used as a bever age, tends to demoralize the public mind. and in numerous ways, to injure the peo ple, the LlitettS G men to pursue that bu siness is the licensing of immorality, the throwing over it of the sanction of Legis lation-and, as the licensing of immorality is not the proper way to remove or restrain it, it is therefore evidently iorong Legis lution, and ought to he corrected. . 4. Resolved, Tha: as the sale of spir itous liquors, to be used as a beverage, tends to the increase ofdrunkenness, pau perism. and crime, and in numerous ways to the lasting injury of the community, no than has, or can have a msoal -right to pur sue it, and no I.rgislaturc can have a moral right to authorize it. And if any do pur sue it, to the injury of the public,. the people have a right, through the medium of wise and just legislation, to protect themselves and their children fiom its manifold evils. 5. Resolved, Tha' the Legislation which might forbid the sale of intoxicating li quors, where A majority so will it, to be used as a beverage, would not be intended 1o deprive, and in fact, would not deprive any one of his rights ; but would merely furbi.l him to violate the rights of others, and would moreover, he in strit accor dance.-vith the great principle of common law. that a man shalt not use. his oton to the injury of others. 6. Resolved, That as no man has-a right to use his property in such a way as to injure others, and as the traie in intox icating poisons, to be used as abeverage, manifestly Does this, such traffic is evi dent ly a nuisance,.and the public ;nod fe ruires that it sitould ihe legallfabtred. 7. Resolved, That the pepls of he t Pulhnetto State ought .never. c., ubmit to hasve itto;icai is oppositioan td;their will, without ustig, perseveringly, all suitable'means of resis ance; anl tohe men, or holies f ren, who, fur 'te sake of gain, or any otiher: ntive, shall continue to make wives, widows and rhildren orphans, most he taught to know, lint they (the puople) will not stand and tee them sulTer, without showing by the wisdoma of tneir laws, and the fidelity of their exectution, that thi~y are able and wil ling to, protect thent. 8. Resolved. That the course adoljited by the State of New York, aitt several other States of authorizing the people to free themselves from the nuisance of hay 'v incticating liquors sold atmong themn, Wlt1ever a mQaurity of legal voters itn the respec,-,e Districts and Trowns tmight mn~andest bNesire' to do so, was truly De .mocratic, a:nt accordance witirahe gen ius and spirit ONr free institutions ; end should .South Cart.-a nlecdb simla dsieattempt % the same wav to rid herself of this great in nlg' ened and conscientious frienoenpeople will utnite with the liquor dealers, sition to the wishies of the peopl'N lending his ittfuence to force thisms obvious and destructive traffic among them. 9. Rtesolved, That it be respctfully rec ommentded to the citizens of the State, to petition the Legislature at its rnext sessiou, to submit the questiotn of License or No License, for the sal~e of intoxicating drinks to be drunk at the place where sold, tao the people of the respective Districts, Citied, Towns. or Villages, a ma'jority of the to ters in thte same to determine by. ballot, wvhether the Commissiotners or Corpora tions shall or shall tnot grant Licenses in the said Dbstricts, Cities, Towns or Villa ges, as the case may be, for the sale of introxicating liquors, as heretofore. 10. Resolved. That a Commtittee, to consist of two or more, from each Judicial District, it) the State, be appointed by the Chair, whose special duty it shall' be, to discuss the License System before the people, as well as the propriety of the propoised movement in regard to-it, 1I. Resolved, That webhail it as a glo rious5 fact. atnd to her honor he ii spoken.. thot while woant, in het endearing and del ightfutl relations of mother, bister, daugh. ter, has in thousands1 of cases re-quested. p'itionedl antd not unirequently entreated thte erng taeller, even with tears, not to cotntinue, and in sotme cases petitioned Legislatures nut to license hitm to continune his detmoralizitng commerce-wa have yet to la-n that she has, even itt a solitary instantce, either here, or elsewhere, given her hand or her countenance to any petd-. lion, legislator, or grog seller,- in-favr' of thiq most destructive and' sinful'employ ment. Duty on ,Sat.-Tn the Tarirl bill wvhich has just passed the Htouse an ,imapor-tant reductin has been' made itt the aricle of salt. By this bill, says the-Washingtn Union, the duty on salt has been red-uced' from eight cents per hushel. Which was equivalent to from 100'to 150 per cent to 20 per cent ad ,alorem. Let this fact be marked, for we expect to see some of tlie' Fermaln nrints charge that the rdnty'on sit ha gee4sled from eight per bushel, Death of Capt. Page, U. ri'he. St, Louis RepublicanL says:-TThe steamer Missourri aetnved a -r this purt last night abot Jl oeA1o , fro New Orleans, which portbe lef otrT - day evening :lastthe7tbi f the trip in five.days,.and three :hours., ' was detained eight andi :iffhoqr&.g hrought up the remains oftheJate,aptin. John Page, 4th Regiment U, j Iagicy,> wbo died a short distance aboep Cairo.. _ yesterday morning, at half past t5ee - clock. He-had a. medical attetadan W. W. Mercer) for the- last three previous to his death, whose attet.tion him was unremitted. -. Lient.Carpeja U. S. A., was a passenger, and bts.halt k had materially improved." Arrested.-A male slave- named SVillU4 iam, belonging to the- Rev. Mr. Marshall, was arrested this morning by-officer Levy, on board the British ship Corun t'-lyiaiangaa the stream, and bound. to 1 . William was concealed in theloigbit beneath some coils of rope. . iesame fellow attempted previously to -escapeaia - the same manner.-Chas. Eve,1Nteost. The Pendleton Messeiigeror the'24 Instant says-'The weather Has iis'ti usually cool for the season, and' alhidsagh we have had a good many. cloddy:days lately, we are suffering from-drought.a The early upland corn is thoughto he ir jured already, and unless =we ' have"raa - soon, the crop will be cut ySbort. We - are informed that a hail which did - great injury passed onSaf ay lastsos ten or twelve miles west of us.. A Female Riot.-On Friday n1ing the 10th of July, between .the hout' of 1 and 2, about forty ladies, of the vi lagca' Utica, Michigan, secretly assembledpre= ceeded to a howling alley, armed; it axes, hatchets, hammers; &c., andcots pletely demolished it. They bad viewed this insidious foe to their dorpestic peace for some time with an anxious and jealous eye: and having waited in vain for some legal proceeding against it, determined for on'e to take the law into their ownthands. They wont at it with much spirit add en-. ergy-hacked the 6ed. of the alley, tore. dawn the walls-rated the roof to .the grodnd, and finished with tramping opon" and hreaking'o pieces the roof. Tbe build ing yvas 80 feet long, and this work- of desfruction was s'complisbed id a little less than-an flour. Speed of the Locostoiu..-WYhenCol. Steyens in his i'nphlet on rill roads if' 1812. talked of- Locomtives.ging sixty miles an hour, it was conid ed' as an agreeable rot)lance. Id - and- they have adnpt'd what' is called the 'broad gatge locotdmives, and A new engine drag;itan a passenger train of 100 rens. perforitied the distatice. tezween Bristol and Loiidon, which is I I15milen, in d hours rwenty six miiitea andfortys eceandt dan a level! it went at dean 60 miles al, hour, tint oniripid descettserm'ncreased t: A_ . _ : wi0i o72r il r: .a : i motivd, a 'ni)o'ri disiatice.u'f 54iniles p - hour may be accomplished. thus:establish' ing the estistiate of an origidal projector of rail roads, and showing.the capaciiy, re flectiod anid ac'euraej~ of tiist dhimate. Thc Cdlifornia Exrpeditin-T hie Bal. imore A merican publishes a letter frm Secretary Maicey to) Col. Stevenson of the' Regitmett of California 'Volunteers, whbich' removed all dotubts as to 11ifetnature atud desigan of this eitpedition. Theo Volunteers are to be sent rocind Cape Horn to Cali fornia; they are to be discharg~ed without a cla.im for returning home. b'.n to be left tat the pilace wihere they may l'e serving at the time. iif it be w'itliidl the territory of the. ~United States, or if not they are to beta kerr to the dearest or tost coirvenient ter ritory lielong'ng to the United States, and' there discharged.. - It is dot concealed higt the ultimate oh ject of the eipeditiod is to ge6te the vo lunteers in Oregon or Catif-rifia',- anti for this purpose 'ol. Stevenison it requested to have his command domposed of men of "nod hahits and different pttirsirits, who .*"kl be willing to remnain after the war m o'ever territory may at time be a ptorion o~ United Stateg. The Cherokees.'T he seiious difficulties so long existing am''., the different fac tions into' which tlfe ' tottee Indians' have beer. split up, are tm 'n of adjust ment. Each of the faction ne i number, has a delegation in-Was rel wvho has agreed to duhinitibeir res tn ive claims to three Contiissioneru, to 'b appointed by the President of th'e' U. S, with plenary pokers. The President lias accordingly aliponi6d A'lblon K. Parriij 2d Comptroller of the Treasury, Elmund., Burke, commissioner of the P'atent O0fice,. and Major Win. Armstrong, suiperintend ant or lodian afl'airs forthe Western terri to'ry. The Board met last Wednesday. Wadldy Thonipson, E'sq.,'is couu'sel for the Government ter Rossy party ;' Col. S. C. Stamhatagh a - Atnus Kendall for thi told sett lers,' and Pasehal acd St. Clair'Clarkie' for the 'treaty party.' S' It. V ter chief elerk of the Indiani Ifp'tneni e tary of the Board.-Rickston'd Whaig. Correspondence of t~ze Chuz. Voi~reij' Nuw ORI.Ejs, Junlyj18- I . .1 have noonews togve "ontoag You stein the possession of..the latst aa~I :ounts from the krmy,, .whi~1eare cptejesN ing as showving that G'e6..T1aylor has ge moreecommenced anO.onwardl jovemen,, which mnay only enrd at tihe ci yof Meiio. be' wished". both, ~y the vputtfri wsbp,, bud become heartil3 sick of theirifre inactivity, and by the ..wihle editorief :orps in the Cresent City -who ifave'heemi relying upon' Mexiean' heit ' seifr :olumins with theon' ii the' dull It is stated in ;eBal Clauta) e lairer, that a Mrs. Mierr. of Pittsbul' we mtelydeiverd4fsix hi.ldren-woJv sud four dead.-' d.'