Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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WM. F. DURISOE, We will cling to the Pillars of the Temple of our Liberties, an.- 'must fall, we will Perish amidst the Ruins." PUBLISHER. -=_d__ _ __ _ _ VOL'UME X11. -sza -tao NEW1 TERMS. Two DoLLaRS and FsrtCE-rs. per annum. if paid in advance-S3 if not paid winhisis months from the date of subsactptinu, and 4.1 if not paid before the expiration of the year. Al subscriptions will be contited, unless otherwise ordered -before the expira tion of the year ; but -no paper will be dis continued until all aetarages are paid, on. less at the optioneflhe Publisher. Any person procuring five responsible ubscuir be rs, shall esceive the paper for one yens, gratis. Cats per square. (12 lines, or less.) for the flrrtiseetson. and 39 for each continuance. These published monthly 'or -cupmterly. will 'be charge $t per square. Advertitements u:dt having the number of nsertions marked .on them, will be continued uutil oidcred out tad chsarge8 accOtdi'Iigly. Comn icationls. post paid, erill be prompt ly and strictly attended to. EDGEFIELD C. H. WICNESDAY. APRIL I. 1316 { The Post Master General has decided, that wnewspapers with a stamp or mtemorandtim on the envelope, or on the paper, are subject to letter postage, by right. Mn. Taos. R:TCmIE, .un.-Thisgerlewn who recently kilted Mr. Ple.sants ir, single cunbat. has surrendered himself to the author " ities of Chesterfield. the scene of the rencontre Distinguished Amenrican Poets.-lVillim Cullen Dryant, distingtshced in America and Europe. as a poet. is the editor of a political paper-in New fork. Fitz Green lialteck. an .ether celebrated poet, is a Merchant's clerk. These gentlemen thengh oew rcarcely noticed in ihe'ttrowd of business men, to which they belong, will long be rememberd as among the 'first poets of our conutry. Theycan give no 'better prbof of gaod common ,nse, of which 4iter~try nien ifre gbndrtally wanting. than to follow some i p'ietable business for a lie lihood. Wamses or Hoho S., smx-The har Jeston papers anndauce for sale. the writins of the late Hugh S. legare, forrmer Atineey General, and acting Seetary -f State of the extracts fro hitS pvae amd omnestic corres pondence, orations and -speeches, and'cotifri butions to the4'New York and Smthern Re. view. Fron the distinguished politioa., a-id literary character of this son of South Caro liri, dotlless. this collection of his writirrgs must be a work of surpnesing interest. In literary attaintmncts, critical skill, a profounnl knowledge of the law, and in a pure and eloquent style. Legare had few or no superiors. Lire oF FRA.tces MAtaON-Dyf Wliliam - Gilmorc Simms. During the past year, Mr. Simms, well known by his literary lutors, publishel a life of the celebrated partisan leader, General Francis Marion. Mr. Simms has done a very acceptable service, especially to the young men of South Carolina, in the i1blicatiot o this book. It is the most autheestic, the imos1 comprehensive and the most interesting bi ography of Marion yet published. It isa good history of the revoltionary war in South Car. olina, particularly of that partion of it, it which General Marion chiefly figured. Though the book has some fhalts of style and contains some careless passages, upon 1n whole. it is plensingly written. .It is inter spersed with several anecdoteed sketches o revolutionary worthies, which cannot fail te plea-se. In reading of the nnmerouis dadugh udventures and . "hair-breath escapes" of omt great partisan wrarrior, we were forcibly re minded of some fabutlous hero of romance. The singular facility which Marioni possessed in assemnbling his men when scattered far as sunder, reminded ats of the famous Rhoder ick D.hiu, celebrated in a poem by W~alter Scott. The book contains a graphic description 01 " Snow's Island;" which for a long time, affor. ded a secure retreat to -Marion and his troop, from the pursuit of the enemy. There wasa wildness and magnificence of scenery about the Island at that period, wvhich could not but -produce a pleasing effect upon the minds of the most uatutored. This description of the writer, brought before us, aho picture of thet outlaw, Robin Hlood, who dwelt in a remotc age with his "merry-men" in the green forests of Sherwood. It is not nur wish to lower Gen. Marion, by Instituting a comparison between -him and these-robber chiefs mentioned above, who were represented -as possessing some noble, traits of chtaracter. Marion had all the unobtrusive.virtues of a good citizeu. Hje furnished a bright examhple to the mna of his 'day, and to all future generations. He was ever ready to se~ve his coutry in .the council and the field, antd herrendered both, most im.i portant services.- 'Meodestaisd unassumning,at the close of the war. h-e- retired-to hsis p lanta tion, whore he spent nearly all- the remainder of his days, irthe .bosot of his (.'mihy.., He wvas married at a late, period. of his life, and left no descendants. England's Commercial Policya-Wce suabji the following extractsi upon the subject of the Commercial Policy of Great Britain, fromr , Wilmer & Snith's .Enropean Times, bearin~ date March 4th. -They are of great importance, .....hey.sho- that the financial scheme of' Sir Robert Peel tas been carried in the nlouse of Commons, by a majority of ninety-seven. This measure must still undergo discussion inl the House of Lords, where its fate is doubtful, but sanguine hopes are entertained that it will ultimately succeed. If it should, it will be of immense iumportance to the United States. as the British ports will then be open for Free trade, though with eertain restrictions. "The agitation which is now proceeding in favorof Free Trade is alMost exclu sively .confined to the Wafts of Parlia. ment. The people out ofdoors-the great mass of this thinking. intelligent, stirring -nation, require no fillip, want no ineen -tive, to wed them to the cause. Their loveis deep an-i abiding. They are pas. sive, but n:ot indifferent spectators of the conflict. It it the nation versus, the lords of the soil; justice and expediency on the ,one side-obstinacy and selfishness on the other. We -have alluded below to the monster debate, and its- all but monster majority--a majority too potent for the landlords to struggle against. The safety of the measure is insured; and our trats atlantic readers. engaged itn commerce with England, may rest satisfied that Peel's commercial policy will become the law of the land." The Monster Debate.--Thie great die. b-ae in Sir Robert Peel's financial scheme. which extended over three weeks, and af forded food for twelve nights incessant or ator , wras brought t: a close on the morn ing of Saturday last. by a division which gave the Minister a majority of ninety-se. The fate of the taeasure in the CLords i pregnant with consequences of the high est. and most commanding interest. The niestre is safe in the Commons-that is undensable, is itso in the Lord's ? Wi-Il the Peers. with a mtnjoity in the Con mans of 97, and in the present state of ex eited public feelina, tIhrow out the mea sure, and thus force on a disenlution of Parliamciat I Orrfirrn belief is. that the Peerswill pa's rhe bill i and in this opin i'rm e are strengthened by the 4rivate tetimony of several in4luenmi'tl members -of Parliament,-with whose views'we have been fa-wred, REMARKS OF MR. BURT, 0f South Carolina, on the Oregon Ques tort:.t'rtrtn'; heo we of . R The Ilonse being in Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union, and having under consideration the joint reso lotion t., terminate the convention of 1S-7 for the joint occupancy of the Ore. -gen -territory, and the various amend. inets thereto Mr Burt addressed the committee as ro Flows:: M-r. Chairman : It has been assumed by those w% ho have preceded me in this -deba-te. that the eief itluceuenit in give tire otice recommended in the annuil messagc of the President is. that it will contritute to a speedy adjustment of the questiont ot boundary between the United Mtates and Great Britain. And it tras in sisted by the gentleman front Alabatma. Mtr. Houston.) as an objection to the proposition of his colleague, (Mr. Dargan) that any definition of the limits of the country on the northwest coast, of which we shuuld take ekclusive possession when the notice expires, would embarrass our negrtiations; and we were admonished by that gentletian, that if we desired a compromise of this qtteatiofl, we should give the notice. Sir, I entertain A -die'rent opinion. I undertake to say that the only reason as sigtnedl by the P-ree-idet, aund tho only -b ject to be accomplished by the notice, is be terminating -the treaty of joinit occu pancy-, to ena3le us toi tatke etclusive .pos session of the itritory. What is the language of the Peim1~t? Does ho not inform its that, in considlera tioni that Mr. M~ontroe end Mr. Adlams had ea-ch proposedl to thme governnmeat -of Great Britain the forty nin-th pumIhliof north lntitvde as thme boundary, ho i'elt constrained to mnake another eftert to ad just this long petnding controversy 1 That lie had submitted the offer of the forty ninth parallel, wsithout the right to navigate the Columbia river, which had been tetndered by his prececessors, an.d that ititad been rejectedi Sir, his language ts: " The extraordinary and wholly inad missible demands of the Baitish govern 4nent, and the rejectton of the proposition tmade in deference alone of what had been done by my -predecessors. andI the implied obligation 'w hich their acts seemned to imn pose, affordl sa-tisfactory evidience 4hat tn compromtise which the United States ought to accept cana he efleted." "With this cotnviction, the proposition of a coim promise, which hatd been imade and re jected, was, by my direction, subsequent ly withdrawn, antd our title to the whole Oregou territory asserts'd, and, as is be lievsed, maintained by irreiragible facts and arguments." " All attempts at comn promise .having failed, it became the duty oif Congress-to-consider what measures it may tie proper to adopt for the .ecADnty and protection of oJur citizens -now inhab iting, or who may hereafter inhabit, Ore gon, and for the nmaintaiaance of our just title to that territory." The measures 'which the President deetms necessary to the protection of our citizens, now in Oregon, or those who may hereafter emigrate to that country. are-suggested in his message. They are, the extensiotn of our jurisdiction and laws ot them; the establihment of Indian .....ic., the ereton oa- blockhouses and stockade fortes on the rcste between our frontier sutd4ements on iro Missouri and the Rocky mointaixs; an adequate force of mounted rifemen to guard and protect emiarantsr and the establishment of a m0o thly overland mail. Bat, sin, he advises us to give notice, and tells is,''At the end of the year's notice, should Congress think proper to make lproviden fur giving this notice, we shall have reached a period when the national rights in Oregon must either be abandon ed or firmly maintained. That they can not le abandoned without a sacrifice of both national honor and interest, is too clear to admit of a doubt." Sir, can gentlemen read this earnest and emphatic laiguage of the Ptesident, and delude the country or themselve with the belief that it is advised because it will contribute to the amicable adjustment of our delicate and perilous relations with Greal Iritai-. ! I beg this co-nmittee to lie reminded tbat if further negotiations were is the contemplation of the President, they can be conducted only by those functionaries of she'government tojwhon the constitu tion has confided the treaty power. 1 atm yet to learn that the House of Represen tativcs have ever been supposed to par ticipate this poser with the iresident and the Senate. And I supmit to the com mitece and the country that it is only be cause " all attemptts at compromise hav ing failed." this Htusecan lie appealed to by the President, and that the appeal is made that we may adopt measures for 'maintenance of our just title" to. the te.rritry of Oregon. nod, at the expira tiu of ibe.atwice, take exclusive posies sen of it. lnt. sir. if we.disregarl the direct and .expJte:it language of the President, can the It~uma-n mind concei-ve any other motive 'ier terminatig the treaty of joint occu ,peucv of this territory than tI.e exclusion of Great Britain ? If the notice he given. ant the qiuestiot of boundary be still un adjusted when the twelve tmomihs shall ta.ve el.tpsed, we shall have no alternative left but to eject Great Britain from any portion of the territory, or submit to the sacrifice of those rights which the country had been told are a clear and unqnestion able." Gentlemen. Mr. Chairman; have discoursed eloquently of ' national honor" in this dehate. Let me tell them that w~hen .%o shull h g j occupancy with us of this e'ritory, we will be a nation of cravens and dastards if we do not instantly tear down e-cry British lort aind flag that shall be found upon out soil. Sir, lie cherishes no just sentiment of national honor who would thus pause to negotiate. or parley to coat promise. Before we determine, then, to give the notice to Great Britain, which is in itself a harmless measure, we should have well considered whether we shall ake posses sion of the eatire territory of Oregoen, and if not of the whole, of which porion of ir. ' we intend to assert our rights in any parlis of this country to the exclu sitn of the prctelsions of England, that assertien must he maintained by the arms oh this country. 'Ti-e gentleman from Mrssachsetts (Mr. :\lams) has expressed the apiton that if, the verygday after the notice should he given, we march -our troops and take possession of the whole territory, there iill not leo war. I did not understand that gentleman as assign ing any other relison for-thatopinion than his h lief ht ise 'or the other party wduld "hick odt." Sir, the calculation that otir adve'rsa'ry will " back out," I take leave to think, is one that a prudent man 6ight not to ale--it is one that a brave man wai~ii scorn to tiake. If, Mi-. Cha-iriiian, we provide for liiving the n'otie wlihtou efinaing the extent nl our rig~btu', ctie President cannot, and I feel assdred lie will now, hesitate to mnain tain them with rcll the resources of the geveoi-hmen, to the etntire territory in conti-over-s. A nd, sir, whetn this deliber sie atnd often repeated deeldratio-that our itle to the whole codtry west of lte Rocky mountains is "clear anid uengnes tionable"-if we simply teimidnate the joint occupaney, lie weoihld find in otnr ac. tioin the approvael of his opinions, and might well be dleteried rrust admitting that Great liritain lias any just proten sions to ask a partition of it with us. For mtysehf, I do not hesitate to declare that if I enitertainedl the opitnion as to stir till expressed in his inatugtral address, and repeated in his annual message. I would exhaust all the resources of this grear country before I would surretnder one toad of that territory ont the demand of a feer eign government. I trust this comm tittee will neither shrink from, nor evade, die responsibility which has devolved upon us At a recent period of our history, Mr. Chairman, the distinguished citizena who was then chief magistrate deblaitd "that we shoultd claimt nothing which is not clearly right, anti subanit to nothing wvhiceh is n mtag." 3 t is a great and nobile senili meut. It defines the point .of .honor amongst tnatieos; and. itn my estimation,. the honor of a tiation, as well as of a individual, is int~nitely more concerned in not claiming that which is not clearl) right than in submitting to that''whieh is wrong. A strong man, or a.great nation -a brave mn, or a brave people--may subtrit to wrong without degradation, but they can never claim what is not right without dishonor, I proceed, M2r. Chairman, to inquire wvhether we can now assert title lo the entire Oregon territory consistently with this .standnrd of natinl kanor. I dn nt o enter into any einborat and te. discussio of the Viention eith of V. State9.or Great Odt'i'r but nd to s4ow how that taaiter ha been' deat by our onwn government frolu .yeargliW to 1845. And whih I tveut .orn i' lheoete the ativoca'te t the s6ida of Gren't Britain again my' st try, I shall briefly but frank ly sta em. Sir tfrat gallant old tre of n bici I am humblest of represntatives State mtch nisuanderstood, so mucI malig in this hall-our standard a pain teaches us, in any cosiest will her f ight of wrong, to stand by ou count But whilst no Carolinian wil ever-d rt the standard of his country even 'n wrong, it is the dat.y of a pat riot i utnsel her to be right. Oc' le, Mr. Chairtunai, to the valies of the. lumbia river, derived from di; covert xploration, and seoJemenat, wa assert in 1818, during the adinistra tion o r. Mourue, kelre we had ac gua )e right of Spain to the eorntri west' he Rocky mounains. it wai maint ed by Mr. alhouo in an argu ment' bilst Secretary of State, tl< force . clearness of which our presou distin shed Secretary has said he voul not it 'r by repeating it. Mr. Buchan an, is late correspondence with ih< Briti inister, speaks of this uile as ex istin 'ir to the treaty of Florida, ir 181 dindependently of its provisions le is that it was perfect and con pie dependently of the Spanisi right ich we acquired by that treaty I thi so, sir. But' our disuinguashu Secr ry of Stale, not content witn I perf and compiete title, says: -'Ou acqu i of the rights of Spain, then unde 'Florida treaty, whilst it cantno affect prior title of the United State, to t lley of the Columbia, has ren dere .nore clear and tntluestionabli befo e world." Now, sir, if our titli was erfect anti complete" befire i acq'I the rights of Spain, and ha bee cr:'d "more clear and unques tiud by our treaty with Spain, i sur a good title, and we outit no to a der it. ties. he say of our title to tlL co orth of the forty-ninth degcee u in Why, sir, that it is recorded.ii .ill u treaty ; that Spain acquire o ery, by the landing on ta t -ieei.of latitude, " on. all t ; ast os -he~y took pessebloas e the country in the name.ef theirsovereigt according to a prescribed regulation; cel ebrating mass, reading declarations at serting the right of Spain to the territorj and erecting crosses with inscriptions t commemorate the event." This, sir, is very fair statenent of the Spanish title Spuia uudon'nedly nade very early ex piloratioas of the coast of the I'acifli ocean, uad asserted title to the country o that coast. Aud if discovery alone, witli out settlement, could 'confer title. I shoul think we acquired by the Florida treaty right to tins territory, which we ough never to have cot.seuted to surrender t Great Britain or any other power. It will not be denied, Mr. Chairman, that irot hook's voyogc its 1778, to il conventiton of Nootha in 1790, Great Bri lin steadily and earnestly cou:roverie the exclusive claim of Spain to the coun try on the northwest coat. Site umin twined that it was vacant country, i which no nation had exclusive rights u exclusive privileges. In 1790 Mr. Pat pronoun::ed the pretension of Spain to ex clusive sovereignty 'the most absurd an oxtiorbilant that could be imaged." It i mutter of history that Great Britain ii 1790) was prepdred to resort to- war in re sisting the pretensions of Spsnan. Thi conflict oh pretetnsions led to tue codvedi sion or N.otka in 179(1. By ahis conveni tiou Spain yieldedl every detnand-admit ted every right which Great Britain ha asserted. She yieldetd the right to land o the const, to navigate the waters, to miak settlemaents,, and so trade with the inliab itints. Hjw did thuese conucesston~s cont ,ist with dlie claini of eiclusive~sovereigdt: whichi Spain for tmoie.than twvo centurte bad act tip to this territoryi But, sir, did our goverriment, I beg j inquire, respect thile ancient claimt c Spain which we now so gravely assert Uet the grounds on n~ uich we based oui title to the valley of theoGolumbia in l8l6 on wbiclh we now distinctly and emphati callg reststhat title, answver. We, the held it in conttemtaft and peat it at debiatie What was our appreciatidn of thte Span jsh utloe in 1823, whien we held it siaci 1819?i Why, sir. we surrendered to -tha demands of the Einperor of Russia thb country between 61 degrees of iatitudi and 54 degrees and 40 minutes, wrhicih was <overed-every rod of it-by thi: Spanish claim. What, .ir. Chtairdian; had Spain don' from 1790 to 1819, whten she transferre< to the ulnited States .her pretensioias si dhis territory, to give to them definitentess -and vralidity 2 So far from omaking set tletments, she had actially abanadoned eiT ery trading factory north of the 49th do gree of latitude prior to the year 1800. From that period to the cessioni to th: United S:ates, not an act was done bj .Spain to consummate her claims or as sort her sovereignty. I proceed, Mr. Chairman, to inquira whether our government has not, by thi most solemn and explicit declarations ant acts, recognised .dt rig its which Grea Biritain had asserted agaiwat Spain, no only. before,. but since we acquired th iNghtacif Snain to th'is territory ? In 1818 e before the treaty of Florida, by wvhfen we s acquired whatever rights Spain possessed, we proposed to make the 49th parallel of s latitude the boundary betweetn the Terri , Tory claimed by the United States and j that chlimed by Great Britain west of the f - Reky mountains. Great Britain enn rested '<nr 'eclusive claim to the 'valley of the Cdlsitda iaRiver, which we had ur ged, and declined to accede to our prop y osition.. The -treaty of 1818 was the re suit of hi? inefectual attempt to agree aupon a . 0undar. What was the con f sentiou 1'6. geti4em*n .from Massa i chusetts [Mr. Adamis) kte other day de r nied that it was a treaty of joint occupan. I cy, 8ut if I am not greatly mistaken, that gentletmatn at the liJt sebsiora, ciar .reterized it a treaiy of joint Adenagency, We then heard nothing of the hypereriti cisi of the chairman of Foreitn Rela tions. (Mr. C.J. Ingersoll,j who uouv con curs with the gentleman from ns'sachI' setts. Although that convention is treated in all our negotiations as one of joint'oc copancy, the material inquiry as, what does it concede to (reat Britain ? Are not its stipulations mutual an-) reciirocal? Is there a solitary right reserved to the U. States that is not reserved to Great Brit. ain? Is there a privilege guarantied to one party, which i6 not conferred on the other 1 Is there ai protest as to the title of one, which does out apply to' the title o' the other ? This convention was adop ted for the period of ten years, during which the respective claims of the two governnents were suspended. In 1819, we acquired all the rights which Spain then had to this territory ; and frot I823 to 1827 held negotiations with Great Britin, the sole ohject and purpose of which was ihe adjustment of the out'lary. What, sir, have our ne g"'iators and statesmnen said ofithe'conven tion of 1818? dlr. Clay, Secretary of State. during the administration of Mr. Adams. in his letter to Mr. Gallatin, tht minisver to Etgland, on the 19th of Juno, 162G, sass : "It is true that. the third ar ticle of the convention of 181' 'recognizes that Great Britain then hind claims to the northwest .coast, bit it neithdr definei nor se.iles them, nor syerifics where they 'had ;their origin." Mr. Gallatin, in his des f patch 'o U r. Clay. of the 25th November, a 1826, reciting his conference witi the j British Plenipotentiaries, says: "But our a Sever having refoised to gree to a line of * Giaartadam-itlt.ea'tlaiis a r suficient proof that we admt ted aliat the f also hiad elaii which deser'ved, and to , whwi de paid aide coansierption." S--Clitiming themselves by right of discov ery ilad settlement, -they allowed wihat was due to Great Britain en the same ac couet,.and all tat ae conid justly claim a under the Nootka convention, according to its true construction." In his letter to - Mr. Clay, of the 27th June, 1827, Mr. c Gallatin, speaking of the contemplated a renewal of the convention of 1818, said: . "It was altogether a matter of mutual d concern. Th'ere was no other otj ' for a ithan that of preserving peace -util It t permanent boundary could be agreed on." o In his letter to Mr. Gullatia, of the 2'th February, 1827. Mr. Clay says: "Sup pposing Great Britain to have any well s fonaded claii, as there be (as there are - helie-ed to be) no other powers thad the d itUnited States and Great l3titaii who can . assert rights of territorial sovereignty be - tween 42 and 5.1 40 degrees,there can ti he no equitable division of the intern edi r ate space btt an equal partidon., bich t an eqal position would assign about the parallel of 49 degrees as the common d boundary. The 1residetnt rejrets That s the B ritish Plenipotetntiaries have tiotilt t proper to decline the proposal which you . mnade of tabat line." A distitnguisheod ben s dror, (Mr. Ilenaon.) who has ever felt a .deep interest i anij tihig whicli ahl'ecte . the ititerests of the West, atitbiisted, in . 1842, iis lis place as $enaiar, td thte coan I veantiotn ot' 1818 certain "great l'aults ," i amongst thetm one, ,"in assumning that a there wvere direi-s harloi-s', bays, creeks, - atid navigablb rivei-s wvest of the Rocky - 1iountiins, sonie~ lieladidgri isi the United y' Stateai' anid some to dreat IB'ritaimi anad s that tmutuality of belteets w.izdnerred by g ivipg ti ech party access to the wa iters of the other," Anoher was "in ad f mritting a claim oat the part of Great Ba it ain to any portion of these territories." rI confidently affirm, anal I appeal to our ,negotiatoira, that at tno period of shept has - our governmant insisicd op a maore favor aable boundayry thani the~ 4dth parallel of . latitude. The conventiona of' 1818 was -|renewved in 1827. and htas been acquiesced in by every adminaistration to the presedt Imoment. INow, Mr. Chairman, when it is niot even alleged that Great Britain lids dotie Iany act to fdrfeis or to iutnpair she rights wivch, troth l11 to 1845, our govern ment has adlmitted the possesses in the iOregon territory, with what force canwe I befote heaven and mat, deny theio ? >Sir, as a just people-as a Christad nia a tion--we cannot, we dare noj. ISir; as we have beena informed that no horora'ole compromnise of tisis ancient controversy can be elfected, and have been called upon hy the Executive to maintain our just rights to this territory. I am prepared to take my shaare of the responsibility. My judginent has yielde~l to tho force of the argument which main tains our title to then valley ofta be Colum bia, and I am prepared to assert and to i enforce it. I am unwilling to stirrender tto great Britain the country below the S49th parallel;"dud withi .au amendmner.t defining that. as the lit'ii o whi-h, at ilis expiratiop of the twelve moutlis, we shalt ectend ou' jurisdicion and exclusive possession, ain ea'Ay 'to vote.for the oo lice, Mr. Chairmn, J s'e '6 'tbis doore ,entlenan lr. Adiu .uIf'Avi''ed n** Marie expereace, and great attamidie ', tier was Secretary of State i's 8 , i'sAe the 're tqi of oint diefW!stjee#N 4cludsel Unl ciie'l lis'trate fi Sta'es i ,827. when i wts renewed. Pt that geintleinn. I do, nit ialted to speak iln terms if personal disrpRspet. But, sir, it has beei bi'siort't'e t-bIer low ards this question a relatio's t'he Incit important and remarkable. Utis 'ri-tit hadi. claims the credit of insertin. ini the Florida treaty rhe clause on5 uiht our title to the Oregon territory is ha , lie hi's sii shat the convention ofI8i tns the alternative to intant war. 16 1827, Mr. Gallatin informisonr government that the disly reason for ae rene.wal 'of thiarcn'yentinn was to preetve peae. That gentlemn en now thinks there will.en't be war, if we inarch in our troops, ifer the notice has expired, and take. isu. session' of th' whole country ! ' Uitji lie last sessiois if Cortgress, he was not prepared to agree to a teriniation ol the otut ocrupancy. Then his mind wai open to conviction as to our title :ia tho part of this territory ; now he w'oult take possession 'f the whole ! When Presi dent of the United States, he thought ai eital diversion of it with Gre'at Britaiia was the oily equitable pitrtition, a'il re ,rested that her Iienipotentiaries would not acce'pt it; now he w ould deny tier 'nhe par: of it ! These are rapid and remrkab transitions. ,Sirthe country will deitanid ref that gentleman. what has prod'isell iis change ?i What muninent of title. what fa.ct to el'ticilate it, that escaped I'i9 resen'reft when conii'ictine our neglcarieltn Iroln 1818 to 1827, hai Wihendiscoverid by that genenman to prodec achan sr, sudden and extraordinary ? Werl nav the people-well may the civilized worll -inq~uir, wTy tTiis change of policy in'd position ? . Mr. Chairman','r. cnns'sderatio'A oftlhio past ifnot ot'he lut'are-4f'not i6 ealkulset she -cost oT ~rnntaing our ri i.-s shouuIdpaus hefore nep iytie. tis c ount into war. We should take counsel is 'ur hearts aud our consciences, whether si war would be just, and in. "tjust e que. Sir, 1 haye takeui my positiotrtr I AbeJer it ..tains the lionor .apd dot ri hs1if mny country, and will con" m promise ofered by our Governmentrt'roi" ISIS to 1845. 1 am unwillyg to adcew this., ..will not demand qpore. But, Mr. Chairman, if it be the d!er' niauptionof the .cot'niit'tee to terminate spa treaty ofjoint occupa'ey, with thee'paipage of asserting the right of domain to .s aPart or to the, whole of the territory of Ortyjn. I trust the notsc will be eoucbgd, t*hoso man..term. which shall nanifest ,or sense that it is a right. The treaty prpv. viles't it it shall be determiced a, the ex piratons of -twelve months' notice, and secures .to each of the high cromraring parties ,the right to give it., Tfie poice tieds tto apology; antd I submit tit it is untmanl and unbeconit to make bhe. And I must be permitted to say, that I eauiot adsnirethe spirit that ould wbis, per itau the pitiful pala ero'fa 'reitble. 'or, the whiimg and t himpering of a "whercas." Mr. Chairman, iy eons.ituents te ever ready to maintain the righis and d'efend the honor ofttheir country. Tfieg know nothing of the people of whom I Ain an humble, hut 1 trust faithfi. re resentadve. whs suppose they havp any unm uily fear of war, calatiloj oiu deinlato as it ever has been and ever niist be to their interests. They appeal to sIho.'hiirory of their country to hear. thein Niness thiat whenever thie gallantry and yairiotism of is cisenis have beets lusmu ed to its strtnduntJ, iwe .have been5 the ~rst in the held end die fhercest in thie pa te. Sir, the south doies en lestily deprecate wnr, hut niot,as I h'av'e Iarl insjimateds begauge sshe is cotjscsotis .fany elemnent of weekniess <or d~tnger i her social systein. She ,fears no dorbtesuic ,disetaude ina wnr. inat tmuch as we desprecate tnastionalt dishonor andc .degradation, And if war come fr'om mainitaininig the rights ands the honor oif out countryf. bytshe help of Heav etn we wilt' meet it, ,ihoughs it drag ite vi~ctiatmfratn dery firesside, and slay themi on every toast, and .ais, and height, in tllis broad conftederacy.. Corn.-Nutiuttaniding the reent Np'. plresnsions~ of Iatmiie in the upper part or our State, in conisequence of the die asstrous, drough. of.last -sean, the price of cortn is not,.sg hii. as anticipated, i~id the mprtct heire. appears to have a downa ward tentiency for as week or t*o pau.:r We are itnfortmed that the highest price now asked is 70.cuents per bushel. Tlier's is a corisiderahsle qeinmity theing brdog~hi rrm. Colorumb~ia and Hatmbur& into the Distriscts ,below this, which, taken idtcon. rlexicsn witi), the usual amount of -rye 'owns .lst fall for pastaires, will taaise the aufferm'ig tq be mtuch less. th~s waid - pected a few moths sinace. Thes~i (J h iouiba' however, but thete ite unadyJ fi ties at this time in wral of bread,. apdL meh shotuld have aeisance .frein ti nore forjunate neidhfiofs.Greete M4ountaineer. ., .The State of Necw , Ilthpsluie has de ~ided to recei1'a her abaro of ithe surplus evengue.ycn'd .ta 'bte States by Cougres nI8d.atd also voted to distict the rate .fors the elsetinn of members to tb - fleresontaives, -in 09edtc~to he net of Conga-a