Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, February 28, 1844, Image 2
Co~mmerce of New York, pra) ing a chauge
of the Consular establishment of this coun
try- ja;hina, sa :as to give the Consuls
fisaries instead of fees.
"nhant presented a .eumonat
from.-vOitnO :Porter, Widow of Dad Por=
ter, :soling forth that when her husba n
wa elected to the rank of Minister Con
-refused to appropriate any;:outfit
' o states that while-in tbe Navy, her
wu band contributed largely to the Navy
P &&i'ou Fund, by his: services, and she
asi~to he placed on the pension rol.
TheS late resumed the consideration
ofthejiriff reiiolutions.::
es basing the floor, spoke at
.: .He argued that there was
gqc~tict-ietween the tariff Act, of 1842
aud lhiSConsprodnise Act. The provisions
drfilielatteract had all been complied with,
so tlia the aet was literally exhausted. He
next proceeded to investigate the Constitu
tional power of Congress, over the subject.
When be concluded the Senate adjourned
t'Monday. '.
In the House, Mr. Gilmer, from the Se
leet Committee, on the;Massachusetts.Re
solution,relative. to an amendment of the
Constitution, so as to cut off the slave re
presentation, reported that the Committee
deemed it inexpedient to recommend the
said amenEdment. The Committee also
authorized each member thereof to give
views on the subject in writing. So Mr.
Gilmer presented his, and i presume we
shall shortly have the others.
The House then resumed the considera
tion of the Report of-the Select Committee
on the Rules.
-Mr Severanco having the floor. spoke
during the morning hour, against the 21st
Rule... The subject was then once more
laid over to serve as a regular morning
meal to the House.
The bill providing for the relief of the
Widows and Orphans of those lost in the
schooner Grampus, was debated, and af
terwards passed by a large majority. It
gives an additional six months pay to each.
Feb. 17,
The Senate was not it session to-day,
but the Committee rooms were all well
filled with Senators busy as bees in matur
ing business for the next week.
In the House the report of the Select
Committee on the Rules was again taken
up, the question still beina on the motion
to re-commit with instructions to re-iusert
the21st Rule.
Mr. Campbell having the door, spoke
until the expiration of the morniqg hour in
favor of the said rule. The subject was
then once more laid over. I think it pro
bable the vote will be taken as soon as the
Maryland delegatiom shall arrive.
The Speaker presented a letter from Mr.
Gilmer tendering hiffiesignation as a metm
ber of the House.. He enters upon his
duties at the Navy Department on Mon
dbe remainder of the day was devoted
to private business.
The steamer Princton is still lying at
te Arsenal, where hundred are visiting
her..Next week I understand both branch
es of Congress will visit her in a body.
The President and his family took a short
tri in her to-day.
There is still considerable excitement in
relation to the duel of yesterday. Last
evening it is said the seconds were about
to fight. The difficulty was however set
tied by a apologyife r
his post about'the 1st of April in the Con
stitution, under the command of Captain
Percival. Feb. 19.
In the Senate, a communication was re
ceived from the Navy Departmfenit, reta
tive to the Dry Dock at Pensacola and
New York.
The Chair presented a memorial from
the Hon. J. Claihorne, the Commissioner
appointed to settle the claims of the Choc
taw Indians, under the treaty of Dancing
Rabit Creek. He states that the ladians
have been shamefully defrauded by specu
lators.
Mr. Wright presented resolutitons of the
Chamber of Commerce of .New .York,
-settng forth the reasons why, in their opin
ion, Rail Road Iron ought to be admitted
* free of duty.
Mr. Buchanan presented memorials
from Philadelphia, asking Congress to
purchase the U. S. Banking House, for a
iustem House.
Mr. Archer, frota the Commiltee of
Foreig Affairs, reported a bill a pp pria
ting $800or the p)urchase or 1,500 cop
ies of Greenhow's work on the ,Oregoti
Territory,
Mlr. Beton warmly opposed the hill on
the ground that Greenhow is a Clerk it
the employ of Govetunient, at a good
salary, and that theGovernment ha #a
right to his services
After some remarkufrorp Messrs. Archer
and Buchanani,01Yr'he utility of the work,
Mr. Benton rejined~. lie declared that
whether the Oeon Question shall be set
tled by negotiationi oi not, he would give
his mind on the subject. If Great Britain
wanted the better hIf a territory to whichW
she has no right she would tasew fight
for it.
The bill was, for the present, laid on tihe
table.
In the House, it was the regular day for
petitions. Mr. Adams accordingly, bucked
on his armour .and presented petitions
from various parts of thercountry, bearing
either directly or indirectly on the aboli
tion questios. The Speaker decidal most
of them to 'bad ones,' that is obnoxious to
the 21st Rule.
Among others, Mr. A. asked leave to
present a. memorial from Western Penn
sylvania, asking an amendment of the
Constitution, .so that Congress should be
compelled in the passage of'all laws to im
sort a clause acknowledging the suprema
cy of the Creator. The question of' re
ception being raised, it was laid on the ta
-ble.
Numerous memorials were presented
hy 6ther members from Massachusetts,
askinag the recognition of .Hayti. Thies.
weje referred to the Committee on For
Affuiis.. ..
Mir. Eurkei preented a memorial from
the Democratie memberso f the General
Assembly of.>Bjode Island, complaining
gf die present chtarterjagad ealhing in ques
* ion the right of the present Representa
tiwps from that State-to. their. agats.
After an ineflectualmoiitato the
.a.,s;.et an the table.: m h we.b a
large majority, referred to a Select Com.
mittee of five members.. Surely the gen
eloveroment wi. not,a aqtqtptlte dic
ate to-a Stat erelati eOigteislerni c
ulations..
IResolutions' were presented freit .the
Legislature of Indiana; allibgupoa Con
gres.tio'take 'measuresdfbr the speedy oc
cupation of Oregon, "peaceably if we
can. forcibly if we must." Rather strong
language, after the arrival of the Special
Minister from England to negotiate on the
subject.
Mr. Holmes, to the great satisfaction ol
the-ladies, moved that the House adjourn
to Wednesday, in order that members
might-have a-opportunity of visiting the
Steamer'Pi4iceton. This was carried by
acclesiation. Many of the young mem
bers xer Vastly pleased. They would
have.made the motion themselves but they
were afraid it would not read well at home.
As it was they pronounced "Holmes to be
a good fellow."
Cochrane, the young man who fell in
the duel, was buried this morning., The
authorities have taken measures for the
apprehension of May and the seconds. It
is said the duelling law will be rigidly en
forced upon thew.
Feb. 20.
In the Senate, this morning, Mr. Miller
reported a bill extending fur ten years the
charters of the Banks of this District. The
bill contains a salutary provision to the
effect that whenever any one of the Banks
shall suspend specie payment, it shall be
the duty of the Courts to see that its affairs
are placed in a state of liquidation.
Mr. Buchanan gave notice that he will
move to r commend the bill, with a view
of amending it, so that the stockholders
shall be liable fur the amount of bills in
circulation.
Mr. Semple made an unsuccessful ef
fort to take up Itis resolution providing for
the abrogationof that article which relates
to the joint oc.upation of Oregon. Hle gave
notice that he wrillrrenew the attempt to
mtorrow. The new British Minister was
present. He no doubt thought it was a
stranae procedure.
Mr. Archer offered a resolution calling
on the President for all the information in
his possession which will shew that the
American Navy has been used for promo
tion of the slave trade; also calling for
.copies of correapondetnce between our go
vernment and Portugal on the subject. It
lies over.
The House bill providing for the relief
of the survivors of those lost in the Gram
pus, was read twice and referred to the
Naval Committee. .
The bill appropriating $40,000 for the
improvement of Pennsylvania Avenue,
wns passed and sent to the House. If this
bill should become a law, the Avenue will
become one of the most beautiful thorough
fares in the world. It is proposed to have
rour rows of trees reaching from the Capi
ta to the President's House.
The remainder of the day was devoted
to the consideration of the bill making
compensation to Pension Agents,
The House met on board the steamer
Princeton. Her commander, Capt. Stock
ton, provided an excellent dinner, and then
took his visitors down the river. Her big
gun carrying 200 pound balls were repea
tedly fired. The halls could be seen rai
sing a spray on the water at a distance of
three miles. She would very quickly
move tie previous question upon an enemy.
Feb. 21.
In the Senate, as usual, numerous peti
tions were presented asking a reductionof
postage. Mr. Merrick appears to have
forgotten his promise to call up the bill on
thtt subject.
The joint resolution of Mr. Tappaa,
limiting the ternm of service of the Judges
of the Supreme and Circuit Courts of thc
U. S., was made the special order for the
2d Motday in March.
Mr. Tappatn stbmitted a resolution
wvhich lies over, calling for copies of pro
ceedigs in thte case of Alexander S. Mac
kenzie.
Mr. Semple introduced his bill provi
dig for the remodellitng of otr Consular
establishtent. It was referred to the
Comit tee on Cotmmerce.
Mr Evans from the Finance Committee
reported a hill to remit the duties on im
ported rail road irotn.in certain cases.
The retmainder of the day was devoted
to the consideration of the tariff question.
Mr. Bates having the floor, spoke with
much warnmth in defence of the present
protective tariff.*
I the House, the hill of Mr. Duncat
providing for the casting of votes for
President anid Vice President on the satne
day throughout the country was made the4
special order for this day two veeks. Si
fdr as the House is concerned, I think the
il will pass.
Sanry resolutions of the State of Maine
asking the speedy action of Congress reli
' ve to clsims for French ijpoliations, were
presented and referred to the Committee
oi Foreign Affairs.
The consideration of the Report of the
Select Committee on the Rules,*was thet
resumed ; the questio; still being on the
motion to rercomt1 t with instructions to
reinsertjie 21st Rule.
Mr. Burt, of your State, havtng the floor,
ccupied his hour in a scorching reply to
those who had spoken against the rule.
He referred to the speeh of Mr. Besrdshey,
of N. Y., in which the latter 4aad said,
that it his opinion tilpre is butirne opiin
wbether in the North or South, in relatavn
to the abstract question of slavery. This
rmark as applied to South Caftlinians,
Mr. Burt prgnounced as offensive and
imperlnete
Mr. Beardsley asked Mr. Burt to yield
the floor. He did so.- Mr. Beardeley thet
complained of the language of Mr. Burt.
He thought it strange that for merely ex
pressing an opinion tbat there is but one
opinion in the country on the abstruec
question of slavery, the member shtould
have denounced it as impertinent. He, Mr.
Bardaley threw back the language. He4
was proceeding with further remarks, whet
Mr. Paine desired to know whether it was
in order for one gentleman to monopolize
anotter gentleman's time.
Mr. Beardsley-'thte gentleman himself
has yieded the, foor. [ know my owt
business."
M r. Payne-"I do not think yon do.'
Titers was some further commotion ol
rther a warm character, .which was ter
minated by the miace of the Speaker..
Mr. Burt then resumed, and was un
derstood to say that if the geutleman chose
-to-takeoffence-ast the remarks made;he:
_siflib'erty to seek redress. = HeMrW
Kurt; held himself .responsible here :and.
elsewhere. Hanoccupied the renainder of
the hour in adminislering some rather unk
palatable' medicine io the aiolitioiists.
' he subject was thenlaid over till to.mor.2
row.
Mr. Holmes' reported a bill 'making an
appropriation of $5000 for the repair of
the Custom. House of your city.
r The remainder of the day was devoted
to the consideration, in :Committee'of the
Whole, of the. Indian: and Pension' Ap-.
propriation bills.
From the Washington Spectator.
TUE MASSACnUSETTs RESOLUTIots R.
PORTED ON.
To-day a report was made to the House
by Mr. Gilmer and Mr. Burt. from the Se
lect Committee on the Massachusetts
Resolutions; and it has been ordered to
be printed, with any other reports which
may be made; we presume, expecting
other reports from the other members of
the committee. The report is long, and
we will lay it before our readers as soon
as it is printed. In the mean time we
present below to our readers the resolu
tions with which it concludes. They are
right in substance and tone, and we trust
will bo adopted by the House. The
Southern States have a right to demand
repose on this subject of their slave insti
tutions; nor will they be satisfied until it
is 'obtained. The multiplied forms in
which they have lately been assailed, we
fear may rouse a spirit which may not ea
sily be allayed ; and all true friends of tho
Constitution should therefore join in reso
lute opposition, and decided condemna
tion, of the course of those who would
overturn it. An equivocal position on
such great questions, is contempitiblo. A
man who advocates a change in any Go
vernment, which he knows will abolish it,
is its enemy ; and in every Government
there are certain great attributes which
are unalterable, consistent with their exis
tence. It is not unconstitutional to op
pose in the Parliament of Great Britain,
that a king should be dispensed with, or
that the House of Commons should be
abolished. Such propositions are consti
tutional, because. Parliament is omnipo
tent ; but who would doubt that the pro
poser of them was an enemy to the exist
ing constitution, and designed its over
throw. So also,' in the Constitution of
the United States, there are certain great
compromises which gave it life, and which
alone continue it. Such are the represen
tation of the States, as States and equals
in the Senate, and the representation in
the House of Representatives of three
fifths of the slaves. To propose in Con
gress to alter and abolish the Constitution,
in either of these particulars, although
perfectly constitutional, because Congress,
by a voteof three-fourths, can propose any
amendments to the States, is, neverthe
less, proposing and seeking a dissolution
of the Union. To propose that the Con
stitution should be amended, so as to make
a king, would be. in a parliamentary sense,
constitutional ; but it would, too, be trea
son to that sacred instrument. In fact,
any measure, whether in the shape of
amendments proposed to the Constitution,
or in any other form, which aim at its
overthrow, by being incompatible with its
existence, is as flat treason as being taken
in arms against the country. The latter
may be far less noxious than the former;
and, therefore, far more venial. There
are Arnold's now we fear in peace, with
out his gallantry in war-wretches, who
would fire a house at midnight, and revel
int a massacre; hut who in the open field,
vnld cry "tinarter." before a charge is
made.
The following are the resolutions ap
pended to Mr. Gilmer's report -
" Resolved, That it is inexpedient to
propose ihe amendment to the Constitu
to, whtch has been suggested by the Le
gislature of M. assachesetis.
" Resolved, That the faith of the 13
Revolutionary States wss solemnly pled
ged to each other to maintain the Consti
tution in all its provisions- for the security
of the citizens of the United States, and
their rights of property; and that we re
new and will redeem the pledge of our
fathers against the dangers of all foreign
or domestic foes, with "our lives, our for
tunes, and our sacred houor."~
From the Washington Spectator.
VIRGINIA.
On Th~rsday last Governor McDowell
trasmitted to the House of Delegates the
resolutions of the Legislature of Massa
chusetts, recommending an amendment to
the Constitution, remarking, that "-they
propose to destroy one of the fundagiental
compromises of the Fedetal Constitution,
without which, substantially, that instru
ment would never have existed, and never
can exist."
In the evening, the following resolutions,
submitted by Mr. Byrd of.Frederick, were
adopted by a unanimotes vote of the House
of Delegates:. -
Resolved by the General Assembly of
Virgna, That the resolutions passed by
the House of Representatives, on the,15th
of January 1844, and by the Senate, on the
16th day of January, 1844, of the Gene
ral Assembly of the State of Massachu
sett, which haveeon this day been com
municated to this General Assembly by the
Governor of Virginia, and also resolutions
of the same body upon the same subject,
adopted March 23, 1843, and communica
ted to this House by the Governor of this
Comonweahth along with his late annual
message, proposingman amendtnent to 'the
third clause of the second section of the
first article" of "the Constitution of the
United States," are of the most revolu
tionary and disorganizing character, and
merit the deepest -condemnation. of every
patriot and ftriend of our glorious Union
Resolved, also,:That the Governor of
this Commonwealth be ret~jested to trans
mit a copy of the foregoing resolution to
the Governor of Massachusetts, in order
that the same mays be communicated to
the General Assembly of that State, and
also to the Governors of the several States,
and to each of the- $enators and , Repre
-santtives of Virginiia in the Congress of
the Unhted States.
Foret n Intelli ence.
" Ia rkgfcsLkf Patii.t..
;Nivs byrhe Britwinia.--Tbe addition
al detai1.*lich have cotice twhand; furnish
nothingiTtportant ofa.political character.
The'commercial-int lhgence. is more spec
ific atin finishes some pa-ticulars which
afford .a fuller insight tis to the state of the
CottdniMaket;nd the nature of the strug
gle .whicl has commenced between the
blanchester'.Spinners and .the Liverpool
Speculators. The Manchester Guardian,
the. authorative organ of the former, thus
expresses itself in an editorial article of the
3d inst.
The Cotton Market.-The present state
of- the Liverpool cotton market is one, we
fear, boding the mostserious consequences
to the trade of this large manufacturing
district. So -far from the excitement in
that market having subsided, it seemed to
become higher, and we may add, more
feverish. We have heard, on authority
deserving of consideration, that a large cap
italist was known to be in the market with
cash to the extent of 4800,000 for invest
ment (if it can he called so) in cotton; and
the impulse of speculation which such'a
circumstance must give, in a greatly excited
market, may be easily conceived. Much
we are told, was said of making the "Man
chester bears" (as our spinners and manu
facturers were called, because of buying no
more than their immediate necessities re
quire) suffer. in pocket by the operations
now in progress; and we are apprehensive,
from what we have heard in various quart
ter, that by these speculations on both
sides the Atlantic. another check is again
about to be applied ti arrest that trade,
which has so recently manifested tokens
of a gradual return to a more healthy and
prosperous state. Without being under
s-ood as adopting the views or the sugges
tions of the writer, we may refer our read
ers to the letter, an another column, of "A
Spinner and Manufacturer," as exhibiting
a striking proof, at least, of his estimate of
his estimate of the impending mischief.
That evil must, indeed, be enormous,
which could induce a gentleman largely en
gaged in manufacture. and in the situation
in other respects which he describes, to
propound the proposition,-that, in the
event of the present reported shortness of
the cotton crop being verified, all the spin
ers and manufacturers of the district
should work short time for the next ten
months, and during five of these months,
from May to September, cattlyfite days a
week.
This state of things, much as it is to be
regretted, has by no means come upon us
by suprise. In an article on the state and
prospects of the cotton market. in our
bublication of the 17th nlt. we expressed a
decided impression that the aspect of the
cotton market, at that time, both at Liver
pool and at the principal ports of the U. S.
was calculated-to inspire serious apprehen
sions - for the continuance of the recent im
rovement of the cotton manufacture of
tbis country. On that occasion, we sta
ted that our intention was to guard the spin
ners and manufactures against the tenden
cy to wild and extravagant speculation,
then begining to manifest itself. Referring
to the prudence with which. in 1825, in
1839, and on other occasions, they had cho
sen rather to diminish their honrs of work
ing, or even to close their mills entirely,
than run the risk of heavy loss, by pur
chasing cotton at prices forced up by gam
bling speculations, we expressed the con
viction that a time was rapidly approach
ing when they wou!d have to protect them
selves against a repetition of the same dlan
gers; and that protection could be found
only in the exercise of the prudence and
caution which they hiad displayed on for
mer cccasions. Trhat time has now arrived.
Hitherto the trade lies generally evinced
much firmnness in resisting, the ad vance, by
declining to purchase; and w-e are glad to
see, by an advertisement in onr first page,
convening a meeting of spinners anI mnatn
u~facturers for Tuesday next, at 3 o'clock,
that an early opportunity is to be alforded
fur a conference on this important subject.
We trust that it will be numerously atten
ded by gentleman of various branches of
manufactures from al parts of the district;
and that that unanmity which can alone
carry them safely through this peril, which
prevail throughout their counsels and de-.
terminations. Much, very much, depetnds
at this juncture, upon the course generally
adopted by the trade in a matter vitally,
affecting, not only their own interest, but|
also die well being of that large and indus
trious class which is wholy dependent on.
the n'anaufacturers of this great and popu
lous districtL.
Important from Hayti.-We have re
ceived by the Gen. Marion, Capt. Shep
herd, advices from Port an Prince, or port
Republican, as it is nowv called, to the 22d|
ult. We have Le &fantfeste to the 14th.
Affairs have settled down into quietness.
in every part of the Island. A merica pro-I
duce was low and not in much demand.
The French charge, M. Barrot, left Port
Republican on the 20th, without having ef
fected any arrangement with the Haytien
government. In the first place, he pro
posed to let twelve years pass before any
claim for a debt should be presented to
,them, provided they would give to French
vessels an exclusive privilege of trading to
the Island. This was indignantly refused
in true negro style. "Worrah, ear ! we not
going to do dat. Then he proposed to give
them five years without interest ott the
debt, provided French vessels were ad mit
ed on payment o'fhalf tonnage duties. The
black philosophers in power, rolled up the
white of their eyes at his, looked at each
other, and replies as the Haytian officer
did recently to an American Midshipmain
who had landed him on a pier at Port au
Prince from the sloop-of-war Baiubridge.
"Here, sar, take die," throwing the middy
a quarter of a dollar with an extravagant
toss of the bead. "go board your ship and
transact your duties !" The Midshipman
oketed the quarter atnd went ; so did
i Barrot with a part of the French debt.
It thus appears that M. Barrot has re
turned bome and the Hlaytiens abide by
the treaty or 1830. They have paid $350.
000 on the debt;- $200,000 of which, is al
ready in Paris. The next instalment or
$600,-000 is due in July next.-Herald:
The Sin which the Devil likes 'best, is
,.e rm~ that apes huility...
From the N. 0. Picayune, Feb. 14.
LATE &.IM PONRTAN RO iTEXAS..
By the arrivalyster di5tb1hsieam
ship Neptune;.apt".1 I mla e 'haye te
.ceived Houston dates'i tot the 10tlNast.
By far ihenost important news-by this
arrival is.tbe:. fbllowingietter fnom one of
our most ii i'lligest: cgrrespondents, to
.gether with tbe extracr inm relation to au
nexation from-the Houston Telegraph of
the9th inst.. All was rejoicing in Galves
ton'when the Nepitune left. Here is the
letter of our correspondent :
HousTorn, Feb. 10, 1344.
To the Editors of the Pcayupe :
I take great pleasure in communicating
to you the important intelligence contain
ed in the enclosed slip. The facts stated
I think may be implicitly relied upon. It
only confrms what has recently been com
municated in private letters from some of
the most distil:ouished statesmen in the
United States. it is to be regreued that
our Congress did not keep together a few
days longer (they adjouroed'on the 5th
instant.) If they bad, the thing might
have been finally clinched in the course of
a few days. The action of that body,
alluded to in the enclosed slip, may be
sufficient to meet the contingency, although
it is quectionable whether they have the
power under the constitution (which is
similar to that of the United States) of
ratifying a treaty in advance. It 'vill be
an easy matter, however, to call the Sen
ate together, if deemed necessary.
The tariff bill was vetoed by the Presi
dent on the last day of the session, and
failed to pass by the constitutional major
ity, so that the tariff re-nains as it was.
An act was passed and approved by the
President, providing for the erection of a
court martial, to be composed of high mil
itary officers of .the country, to try Com.
Moore, which in effect recognizes him as
still in office, notwithstanding hisdismissal
by the President. 1 have not seen a list of
the acts passed. Very little, however, has
been done of general interest.
Yours, truly, J. B,
We give the extract from the Houston
Telegraph alluded to by our correspond
ent. It comes to us in- the shape of an
extract:
Glorious News-Annration.-We have
received intelligence from sources of un
questionable authority, that the Senate of
the United States has almost unanimously
ratified a treaty for the annexation of
Texas to the United States. - The des
patches relating to this subject have been
forwarded to our capital in all possible
haste in order that, if necessary, the Sen
ate may be convened to ratify the Treaty
on the part of Texas. This, however,
will not be necessary, for our Congress, in
secret session, has fully authorized the
President to ratify a treaty for this object
immediately. The news may ieem to be
too good to be true, but we have derived it
from letters written by intelligent gentle
men in the capital of the United States,
and we place full reliance in its authen
ticity. Gen. Murphy, who is here on his
way to Washington, does not deny it; but
his joyous smiles indicate too plainly that
he believes the day is close at hand, when
the youngest daughter of Republican
America will be restored to the arms of
the mother republic. Ere another harvest
is gathered in Texas, the broad banner of
Washington may be unfurled in glory on
our Western border, and the burnished
arms of American troops will be reflected
from the sparkling waters of the Nueces.
,,Westward! the star of empire take its
sway."
From the Houston Democrat we learn
that a report has renched that place, by
way of San Antonia, to the effect that the
Mexican villages along the Rio Grande
has heen recently illuminated, on account,
as is stated, of an armistic fur ten years
having bean agreed upon by the Commis
sioners of the two countries. We are not
prepared to credit, without better author
ity, the reports of the establishment of so
lug a ttuce ; hut, from the various reports
which reach us, all concurring in stating
that the suspension of hostilities for some
certain period has been agreed upon, we
are, led to believe that something of the
kind bas taken place. Ina the meantime,
nothing openly has transpired in Texas as
to the character of the last despatches re
ceived from the Commissioners.
The latest intelligence from San Anfio
ai~represents that a party of Mexican
robbers under Leal, have full sway tn that
vicinity at present, the few Americans
hardly daring to resist them. Cows are
wauouly killed, property stolen, and sev
eral notorious traitors openly defy the au
thorities. Their reign will be short, how
ever, as ,we learn from the Telegraph that
the gallant Col. H ays has been authorized
by Congress, to recruit a band for the pur
pose of protecting the frontier, and is now
busy collecting men and ammunition.
The Mexican bandits will not show them
selves east of' the Nueces when they find
that this officer is out again in force.
The "Vindicator," almost the only pa.
per in Texas which has leaned against an
nexation, contains the following sentence:
"On the subject of annexation, there is
but one opinion in Texas; we will not resist
the public will."
The cry of annexation is general from
one end of'the country to the other-the
editors are thinking-of nothing else, t alking
of nothing else. We are far from sanguine
that the news contained in the letter of our
correspondent and the extra from the Tel
egraph is true, although there is certainly
some little show of reason to believe that
there is more than mere speculation in it.
The general, the universal wish of Texas
appears to be to join with the U. States ;
if we cannot take them into the fold, why,
then they intimate that they will make the
otter to some other foreign government.
That this feeling is well known to out
statesmen at Washington City, there cau
he no doubt, and it may be that the ques.
tion has been agitated within doors, and
that measures have been taken favoring
the adoption of Texas into the confedera
cy. At present we can only say, that wvi
hope such may be the case, and in the
meantime shall anxiously await furthel
intelligence.
Hon. C. F. Mercer,.yith despaiches foi
our Government, came passenger mnthi
Neptune on his way to Washington.
The BOaL SkaL Killed Nlelson.-T ha
musket ball which robbed England of.hei
,reat naval commander is now in posses.
sion of the Rev. F. Wv. Bnker, of Buth
wick. It was fired at random -fom, she
top 'if she Redoubtable, by a French. sol
dier named Robert Guillemarde,='who es
caped unwounded, and. when. his ship
struck was taken 'on board ihe. Victory.
The fatal bullet ivas notdiscovered till the
Victory arrived at Spithead it hidtruck
the .fore. part of .the-hero epauletteand
entered his left shoulder. It thcndescen
ded obliquely into the thorax, fracturiog
the-second and third ribs, and after pene
trating the lefI lobe of. the lungs, and divi.
ding a large part of the pulmonary aretry,
it entered the left side of the spinepassed
through the muscles of tbe. back, and
lodged therein :A -.considerible'portion
of the gold lace; pad,.andositl cordof the
epaulette, with a. piece Hof cow. were
fiund attached to it, the golktliacie i as
firmly fixed as if it had beesa inserted into
the metal while in a state of fusion.. he
ball, together with the lace, &c.,was
mounted in crystal, and silver, aidpesen
ted by Capt. Hardy -to Mr. Beattie, the
surgeon ofthe Victory, whose death wias-,
announced some time since.
MIISCELLA1 EOUS _
From the Southern Fatriot.
THE COTTON SPECULATIONS OF
i844AND1825.
There are twro remarkable eras. in tbe
history of the Cotron trade-that of 1825
and that of 1844. They are strikin~ly dif
ferent in many of their: characteristies.
The speculation of 1825' had its origin in
England-that of 1844 had its source in
the United States. That of 1825 was fos
tered exclusively by British capital-that
of 1844 is sustained as well by. Americana
as by British capital. In 1825 it was-the
abundance of money that stimulated.th
speculation in Great Britain. This was
the moving principle. Cotton felt the in
fluence in comm'on with all other con=
modities. In 1844 an expected deficioney
in the supply is the spur to excitement
and the plethora of money is a' collateral
effect. Can there be any generat deduc
tions drawn from this relative difference in %
the character and circumstances of. these
speculative eras'? We think the corn
parison affords some instruction.
1. The speculation of 1825 had its lim
iation as to time in the reaction that over
took all other commercial dealings.. Au
artificial excess of-paper nmoney mn Eng
land forced up the prices of alleommioda
ties. The boundary or limit to specula
tion was of course the ability of England
to keep the currency so full as to.be above
the level of the currencies of the cond.
nent. The termination of the speculatioa
and the reaction of prices was found there:
fore in the fact, that all factitious value,
having its origin in excessive issues of pa
per money, can' be sustaiaed no longer
than the excess is thrown back' bn the
country that originates and nurses.speca
lation by such excess.
2. The speculation of 1844 having its.
origin exclusively in an expected defi
ciency, the abundance of money being only
an incidental effect, its duration or limit
must be sought in some other circurstance
than a contraction of the currency from ar
tificial expansion.' The condition of the
money market is still an important el9
mnt in the question. 'But it .is. not a,
forced and a fictitious, but -a natural .ex
cess of money, that now -stimulates-aid.
sustains speculation on both sides.of the
Atlantic. It is a trial of ieal money
power between capitalitsdti :both theatres
of speculation. A real 'deficiency in the
supply, being the foundation of the excite
ment and not the artificial abundance, of
money, the .truggliA can only be doter.
mtned by the relative pecuniary ability of
the parties. A money-power that would
enable the specolators on this side of the
Alantic to keep the .coton market only'
sparingly supplied on the other side for
t wo months would triumph in this struggle.
But of this ability we have our apprehen
sions. Although the United States are
more independent of Enigland, in a pecu
niary sense-although there is less mer
catile indebtedness-than at almost any
other period of their commercial history
still the revival. of business-the large in
rease of British imports-the remit tances
for these itmports, and for dividends ott
State bonds-must daily lessen the ability
on this side to command funds, locked up
in Cotton retained at the ports of exporta
tion, as it increases the ability on the other
side to force its sale and shipment. Thea
inferences from these views afford lessonsa
of warning to those who have entered the
dangerous field of speculation, as to the
limit of time which they may have pre
scribed to themselves for continuing or
terminating their operations.
We ary serry to see a leading commter-'
cial paper in New York, the. Courier, &r
Enqurer, holding out hopes . that may
prove delusive, and encouraging specula
'ive movements that must he extremely
hazardous, in this stage of the struggle.
We contend that the advance which will,
in all probability, be realized in our mar.
kets, immediately after the advices of the'
4th February, will be sufficiently .large
to satisfy any rational desire to profit, anda.
having a reasonable proportiton to, any ear-.
pected deficiency. Any speculation-a
king in a larger range of time and deepec.
calculation of probabilities,, must mwiolve
risks too hazardous for the chance of gain..
Heavy .Cropping-A late Samteer Cb..
paper contains an account of the result of
an experimental crop of cotton raisedailot
a new plan, by a Mr. Hair of ae county.
The product realized from one ae'uS
lected out of a field of 25 aeres, al ull
good, taas thirty-twoo ~AMsIand -j
pounds of seed cotton-and lost, it is ti
mated, one fourth. This, we- think, may
be set down as tall cropping. TPh. sye
tm pursued chiefly differs. foum the ordt'
nary tmode of cultivationl, is that mnanere'
is applied to each bill.etenl in. the atroagest
black or prairie lands,.aud' that onlys a in
gle plant is permitteda to sand in each hill~
The rows wvere laid off3~by5' eetSa ih
full of manure being plac'ed to eachuebeek~
and half a dozasneed deointe 's-te'
planting sasns WO ban anneD5
e as of the expttln eoUliid
ouht .to stitlste dethrs opO Ot
-hmite itiity aWoktiiided plan.e
ets, and ~ claaui