Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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1Z ~~tgu Inteligence* . Fos do sfiultinior Ancam. from the Liverpool pnrs, Sept.24. AWFULLY DESoA.LCTIVE FIRE AND GREAT LOSS OF LIFE AT LIVERPOOL. Yesterday morning we witnessed the mot awfully destructives fire, whether as regards life or property, that has ever taken place in the locality-more destructive. indeed, than the memorable fire in 1802. which destroyed the Goree warehouses. On that occasion the estimated damage was-warehouses. ?44.500 grain, 120. 000; sugar ?60,000; cofiee, f8,500; catton, ?30,000; sundries, ?60.000-total, 33, O0; whereas, on the present occasion, one article alone-cotton has been destroyed to an extent exceeding the whole of the lss by that memorable fire. It ha been escerained by the broker's returns, that 37,474 balts of cotton have a been consumed by the conflagration of yesterday. wbich averaging each bale at E9-not above the mark-gives the enor mous sum of ?337.266. If to this be ad ded the cost of warehouses and sheds de strayed, together with the valuable colo nial and foreign produce consumed therein, the actual destruction of property by this fearful visitation will, we fear. be found to exceed five hundred thousand pounds! In the existing state of uncertainty aedl alarm, a very near approach to correct ness cannot, we know, be made or expect aJ, but the sum we have named will not. in the estimate of com petent persons, be found very far wide. Forty years have elapse: since what used to be called the #reat fire in the Goree occurred; and what is somewhat remarkable, that event, like the present, occurred in the same month, September. 'he distressing calamity we are now recording bas, however been far more tra gical in its results than the only event in the history of the town with which it can 'be compared. The loss of life from the peculiar circumstances attending it cun never oe satisfactorily ascertained, but we should not besurprtwed if. including the onfonrtunap so at present in the North er H bthose buried benethI the r 11ns, al owh will Le forever swept aw' rfore the removal of the burning materials-the number exceeded thirty. Under the ruins, there are, it is believed eighteen to twenty men, and from the dan gerous state of many in the hospital, half that number, it is feared will not survive. In the hospital there are tow seventee-n dreadfully wutiliated excl *ive of three vwhodied there yesterday. 3 - The Ire originated in Crompton-stree:, forniedy Wood-street, at the north end of the town, near the locks. The three priu e ipal streets efected-nsamely, Crompton. 0 . street, Formaby-street, and-Neptune-street, all nearly loppwvte the Borougb (o runf uast and west between Great' ard itreet (in which the pri s 1 0 ad t! W7laterloo road. close to the1 8iAs.. ITS, three streets and thr 61ris.s cast a4 - cupy a'area of from six si seen .......o.. . . otbeis near the .ed and at the b6oti- of Foruaby-street. The sje may be said of several of the ~ ~.~w exending npNeptune street from - tidinglbMessrs.Grayson and 4 Da . McDowell's smithy. t ~A .hd tetop ofrthe same street, as t -welhas hjwall and premises fae'ug tha ' -jail, and t~ing to M rs. Bark'si hottse, outh aeof Uropton-street, were also onscathed thourli damag~ed, so that the haa e siaid to have been conlined *ch ~tthe centre of tl-e area-sweeping -t uaiarah to sou th. Several dwelling houses er included in the destruction in the'Nertbt but the greiltest portion of the havoc was in the comtre-.namiely, Fromby street~in & tnear whicib, on buoth sides, Wero.p the larger warehouses, the burning ei~am of which ~ / (chiefly cotton) yea form inmit'ense piles of T hills ins r ed-hot state of combustion. It appearn that a watchmn inamred Bar nard UoytoghoO was employed to guard the premnisesf'Mr. Peniston, bone grinder andl drysalter, during the night, found that * ~ the fire had broken out in the engitte house -precisely at 3 o'clock, the Giro having been i kept in all night to keep up te steamu. - . The alirem was immeatcdely given to police oflicer No. 24,. whlo exerted hitm ~'self to the utmost4 bu t before the engintes coudld be brought nup, ant immiiense quanitty ~ of warehouses, and three yards, n~ ert on tire in Cromnptont street. VTe combustible nature of the premises I was such, together with a itronig breeze from the norhuest, that Mrs. isaac's oil -. and color store soon took fire, as well as many small crowded workshops ol' mill I S wrights, smiths, &c. in the immediate lo culity. T be fire next got to Poole's bonded cot ton sheds in Great tIoward street, anel IIually swept to Fornitby ,street. The I whole of the warehouscs in tat stree tj wtere successively ignited, andl are burnt I to the ground, wtth a vast destruction of proper(y, anad, we lament to say, several t lives. The fire police officer, Samuel Iladg'aon. of No. 2 engine, was kiWJ-. andj crtashed in the ruins of one of the walls. which fell upon himn nh ile he n as boldimg the pipe. P lUp to the latest hour last night at whic:t we could obtatn information us to the eas palities, we found it impossible to asce r gain the number of unfortunates who have lost their lives. On this point all ts as yet conjectural; p but we lamnt to say that tho general epinion is that not less than thirty have perished, We sincerely hope that thisI Estimate is beyond the reality. Two of the engines were also smashted, and we fear a considerable number of the firemen and others were killed. Several snen were carried to the hospital badly C burnt or hurt-some of them mortally. From eight to half past nine o'clock the &r In Forsnby street, and in the adjoining ' ettishde (Peole's in Great Howard street,) raged with an intensity that heated A the atmosphem. to a great distance round. ( C~~ Great eXienionis were made to save the houses in Fornaby street, but those on the o north side, dwelling house., eaug~ht fire t .adas. he the intensity of the fire just be- I aw the burning warebaungs, the ruins at uroing-materialsof which Fere'piled 6 hght of80 or90 fe0 rowng t mmease volumes of Aame and smoke. From time to time the high walls of ti rarehouses fell with a thundering crasl Ind shiorly aller nine o'clock one man wi illed outright by tle alling materials. rbe wal of a large warehouse in Formt treet, which had been on fire some tim ind had reached, with the cotton withii Imost a white heat, at length fell up' ome of the sheds on the south in Neptut treet. The concequence in a short time we hat the whole range ofshed at the tc art of the street, used for bonding cotto md as cooperages, were ignited. A gre uantity of slaves, poles, hoops, &c. wel arried out before and after the iguitio a the neighboring vacant ground. Neptune street was the southern botndai >f the fire: the shed at the top of the nor ide-a ith the exception of the corner ot ust opposite the borough jail-were a urncd out at noon. Some staves, hoop rc., were saved from the cooperages at ardsivc, but a great deal of cotc a other sheds was consumed, many be bags retaining their shape, though re ot and reduced to tinder. Tne 'jack or north wall ol a warehoul wer down had fallen down from the a ects of the fite, so that it could be see hrougb to the "burning mountain" of co ta ou the north. Out of this warehout great quantity of rice. in bags, was log red and !aken away in carts, and grei art of this property n1ill doubtless t aved. Much damage is done to the premis f Messis. Grayson & Banistet, shil right and smiths, and to those of otho M., a little lower down. Men were en loyed carrying the timber and other con ustibles out of Messrs. G. & It's. I ormby st., there were also warehous unown as "Gray'." in which it is state sere were 24,000 bales of cotton. A fireproof warehouse near the bottoi f Formby street stood the effect of it ames surpriaingly. ,,.Meu were employe , hoisting buckets of water into it to co se walls, which, however, *vere by r leans so hot as might he expected. T1 al of the adjoining warehouse burne own against the gable eud of the fi oof building, formed a sort of protectir 01m ignition by the immense pile of re t cotton blazing against it. There were several accidents. Amori e rest a police officer named Hodgsc ra buried under a fallen wall, and a ispector nancd Reding had his leg br en. LATEST PARTICULARS. Twelve 0' Clock last night. The fire is fast exhausting itself. Thrt ugines are directing their energies i irayson and Bannister's yards, and if re-proof warehouses Upward of three thousand bags of tie i caroof the Bland, were savedfroi Ir. M'Cnight's -warehonse in Neptur ret. It was during the removal of th ia that the two men lost their lives .b , alling of the gable end. Sie to Md sminctse or thi ,-4 1 t .gua on tail traioM Birnan&bu. Oafaat.piday week, ac.aneeting of th Beatspgsenting the dIizaist Fire it wanesedook .place in -thi'Undlerwdzeri mletrpds-roomrN D. Bold. Esq. ~A tr eouparimg notes'' on the eogegt tittso eseb .office having liabilIties i nanpiion with this destructive event, tk tilowiug was reported to be the recubt; 'he Sup, ?47.000 Globe, 40,000 Royal Exchange, 30,000 Phlenis. 30.000 .eondon Corporation, 30.000) Liverpool. 2)5.00 York and~ London, 25.000 ltmperiatl, 20.100 Sct h iw'nn 20.000) Weat of England, 20).000 Aliantce, 13.000 A tlas. l2.t00 Maneeter 10.00 Guamrdinn, 7.0 Yorkshire. 5.000 Norwich Union, 3,000) Conty, .3.300 North'British, 3.000 London Uniotn, 7,00 Total liahilitics,.30,0 Surrender of Fugilires -The refusal e tiovernor' of Conntectiet- and Nc lamtpshtre to surrettde'r Govertnor D~o the minority party in Rhode Island. h: ed to an imnuiry hnw far the mere fact request to surrender an alleged fugiti~ ro jtstice has beeni considered obtligat' v upon theGovernors of the several State rithottt atn inquiry into the real nature he allegedl offetnce, and the circumstanci ttenditng it, and the probability of its al ual existence. Numerous cases have boen found of r< sal by variouts Governors to deliver u hose who were demanded by tho Gove ors of other States. In 1822 Gov. Wolcot t of Connecticut r used to surrender Elijah Johnoson at ttmtuel Kemt, whlo had beetn itndicted hode inland, and were demanded by tI ivernor of that State. Governor We otr acted on the groutnd that it was bol is right and his duty to investigate tI trime charged. int the satme year. (Gov.Gibbs of Rho< sland1 refused to surretnder two me mamed Sorink and Nichols. who were dl wanded biy the Governor of Connectica ['hese men were subsequently surrende ; but thme first refusal estalished tI irinciple of tbe right to investigate tl ase, and refuse a delivery if the circuni ancs were such as to justify a refuse Some two years since. Gov. Seward lew York refused to deliver three mc laimed by the Governor of Virginia, r to round that the offence charge' bog a crime by the laws of Virgini ras not such by those of Ne w York. Near the same time, the Governor ltaama demanded two fugitives frot overnor Kent of Maine, and was refuse' Still later, viz; in 1341. GJovernor Dav f Massachusetts refused to deliver a tug e on demand from Rhode Island. 'rensI1.vri~n d - 10I WEx 95 V DsA T. Novaxi 1842. s, 'p -e --We wilL ding t t&e Piar fhs Tesvplc of e our Liharts.and~f iitmufals t will Perish 11 aasidst-the Iluias." FOR PRtEstDENT" . b JOHN C. CALHOUN. I Not suy-cci to the actiOFY.Cotention. C FOR OOVER8oft ea, JAMES H.JiakOND. )r FOR U. S. SENATOR d Geno. GEORGE MeDlUFFIE. 8 FOR CONOARsK. Col. WHITFIELD BROOKS. ELECTIONS'. e Georgia.-The Governor oT this State. has - issued his proclamation annoumcing the ele at tion of Meru. Black. Cooper, Cobb, Haralson. 0 Lamar, Lumpkin, Millenand8tiles, as mem bers to Congress. The Federal;Upion containis a the oflicial returns of all the' colids for mem bers of Cougress and of tle Le- .. The iocapitulation is as follows: -m Black 35.220 I'Chappl 32.980 Cobb 35.451 OGnnble 33,249 n Coitper 35.217. ifaberam 33.4w.1 " llaralson, 35.1 , Keoan 3.2 d Lamar 35.30' King \ 2.2d2 Liompkin 35.161 Smeadu 32.554 a .Millen 3-5.tl W rr) ilde U.997 Stiles, 35.164 Wrgig 3,235 d New Jersey.-Ini thi State a coat i of the polsdar vist* gives the It'a ma 10 jority of nearly 3000. The WIgu have a ma e jority in the Senate of2, and iWthe House 6. Ohio.-The Cincinati Iaqiir gives com plete returs. from which it aeirm that Shan d non (Dem.) received 12,26"yotes. Curwin (Whig) 68.'14, and King (AliiL)2.670. The g Democratic candidate beat the ' larly nomi a nated Whig catadidate 4012. Hakrg Corrrspondent.-Tweditor of the Hamburg Journal, in his papet fthe 26tholl. accuses our correspondeldatnot reporting correctly the state of teIa rukitin that town, e he says: " We know #wto this correspon. 0 dent is, but one thing.w*41ariertain of. be e knows but little of the rstin of business in Hamburg. or that he wihed to amnerrate the ' importance of ou markqt." n Fot the satisfation of haEd i.rof the Jonr naeand our patrons ginally we take pride d our, thatonrco s iiat presnt - ftbe r.ost extensive in the - ir hb arkerasd agen ho has hii~i e to njure ' 0 o rg, been a resident in the place for khe last ten or e fifteen years, and for our owu part, we put ex -. plicia confidence in all he nays, am we are naai:. I'fed he is no fanatic. We have no doublt lhe is - willing to answer for himself. n . Mr Ciaoss..i-The Charleston Merenrp says: ekWe have seen of late in varione papers'in 'ttihationa that our Penator would re-tire proba bly from lain pont het'ore the commencement of the coming seesiont. We have reason to believe that there isino founadation for these reports." eIION. JOlIN C. CALHOUN. 'We perceive fromu the Richmond F.ngnirea of the 18th of Oct. (which papes was hanarded as by a friendl, it nost beit ona onr exchange list, and its editor n faer makinag charge anncainst ns, hal1 not the, liberality to forwardt us a enupy.) thmt that paper. togethier with sceerat others. are dispoed to giv-e ani onnatal protniinence ini otar nomination of .Mr. Calhoun for the Pre sideney. not subet to thee decision ofa National Co'nveintion. W.e now beg leave to issure thiois whethhave been, disturbed bay this nomi nastion. that we tnade it upon the authority of our hiumen selves alone, and without costulta tion with any person whatever. It was the spntaneunet imopulse of our heatt. We have valways entertained a devoted attachmaent for r Mr. Calhoun. and naturally feel enthnsiasuec an hie bright ning prospaects.' We were taot saf e faeiently drilled in the Joekey tactics to look to t. thae nod of the " knaowing ones" to see on whant I, tng the bets were running. WVe do not an n umec to be politicians. whohare bad the~ pi s~ vilege of looking behind- the scenes, to see where to pull the wires, and who are to pull them. Not knoewing much of the pruadsh af fectation of poliiic'ians, wei had been indueed to ~believe. from -a letter of Mr. Van B~uren's, published a year ago, that be really did ntot de - sire to runa agutin. We feel deep gratitude to dhim for lain firtm sad republican course. We n supora iti with ardour while itn power, e We therefore hope, we will be pardoned for -. expressinig our decided attachment, at preasett hto a distinguished sont of Carolina. when his tclaims are presented to puublieconsiderattioni. Of course. ec could hare -o 'objection to lsubmit to the will, of the Republican party, Sfairly expressed; but awe are onie of those plain Speople. who mnistrusnt the jagling of posliticiatn. -We have been tatight toholievo. that the repub o licau simplicity of the ballet box, where ever y ec freeman can express has tanbiased judgment, in a- one of our prondest and most conaectated me . enaritieadorfreedom. If thas privIlege Is to be yf taken away', or piractically to becotme a meare n form, by the substitution of self sonstituited n Couent ions, inato tie habitual uaction of onlr sya temn, then we wil -hav, an Electoral College. not known to the Constitution. and the mode and mianner of its organization, tiday become in progress of time, a question vital to liberty it. nself. We hope alway. to see a ftall andecandid expression of populargseptitupatt. We loyt 5a~ Icling to that great flID'u NaI ntljrinclelOan Our' institutionsl, thatho a,~Is act, .agMleg. B ....ern, ta tere and of rigbi Eabt to be, ree ,and unatrameled. It is the very geuus if our system, and if it is to be subverted or thwarted by any power or combination what ever, then is our system a failtre, ansd the soon. er it is changed the better. These are our in. depent sentinetnts, without consultation % ith any politicians Out nomination of Mr. Cal boun was made in the same manner. from the isnpulse of the moment, and without the slight. ,-t desire to interfere with any arrangements the great Republican party way fairly enter into, as to who shall be their great leaders their glotious standard bearers in the great con. troversy which is coming an, a conttoversy we solemnly believe of the deepest importance to Durselves and to posterity. But we here take he oppmortunity to say to our itepublican bre thret, that, from presenw appearances through sut the union, it seenms to ho perfectly certain they are absont to have tIne future fate of thii Republic in their hands. an-I touch will depend uion the course they ansow pursue. whethner it a to be preserved in its punrty and its simplici ,y, or whether it is to fall into the career of all ather Republics, and sink under its own cor ruptio. into the scorn and contempt of mian kind. Let us act in harnsiny and in good feel. ig. but let un preserve that harmony and good re-ling. by doing ezactjusice ani acting honest y andfairly with our brethren olevery portion uf this confedery. Do what is manmfestly just and lberal. and in coinforinaty t psiblic feeling. and nsone will acquiese soonner in whatever ar rangeweints or nosit-tions that may be tnade han ourselves. UT We copy the following from th2 " Old Dominion." a D,-inocrati maper of high -taindn ng. published in Porismouth. V.. 'P'he sion ons of .1Y. 'isk. we leave alwayt, held in higi estitation. therefrme we feel piend in haviuni isis countenance and assistance in the conting -onteen. - Mr. Calhoun -The people are h.-ginning I nove in hs:hnut' It is a nederlul nstiatesunanl di oven thes couintry. ie lisps already been put in noinniisn for the next Presidency at a great nutner ol' primary nseetiuos. This ir whnat we like to see. it was tie lian adplte-d 4y the friends of Gmen. Jackson whesn - ing Caess" %as Iticked In the dogs. The people in tetter natiary thinsselves by unmknng their wn nainntinn. thans ten ,subnnit Vse tuatter te % packed r.ssnventian, mnade up of displaced )fMice seekers. -- The Edg-ficlil. (S. C ) Advertiser hoists he following Bg: .J011N C. CA LHG . . Nt subject to th action of any Convention. Thse editor, afler cspy ing the remarl-- pub lished by us, at the time we hoisted flag, mys: - That is the ground we have long desired 0 see asu-nmed by THI PROPL., the true re publicaas- or the nations. We inaitain t1:1 -rua PCOPLK angh to do their unwun nominating as well astheirsnwn voting. The Ai vertiser thera ror takes the true course in going far .Ofes U. C A LIIOUN. the people's calidate,subject nnly to the decision of the hallot ox. -Mr. Van Buren (we so judge from his let tro) inteling mnagnanimously to decline be ing a candid.ste. there will be no necessity for a National Convention, as Mr. Calhoun will he uoninatr iy acclaimation. No one need hava he least fear therefore ordivision in our ranks." '~1F~~dIPI e r O Ic KI" . .1r. EDton-I extract the following from a saw Nationn. Mise. tnder date dhei4th October. lIighn pressure and go-a-hnead," is still It notto. a monre sanative remedy for hard times, han even Berkshires and short-iharned Dur tame. g - Our C2on crop is fie, andu we have a lelightfutl faell for gathneraing it, hands pick out nr .500 lbs. per day. .icGhn' eresha two nasnds to pick oot 1040lbs. in anne day, inng n-2lbs. eaeh. Yourob't.'seri ant., -PA NOLA." " acGhnee is from Gaeorgi-i. From the ihanrlegu Cearrier. Th/e Slate r's. Phnjiip Chae trand-Orange burgh District. Court of' erneral Srs sions, October Ter m. l&142. Th'iis was" n prsecutioni for sellingj spir toitrs ligsnsrns w~ ithoeut at liceinse from thne 2urnmmissiunerm ol thle Roa~dns. Ii appened in evidence con tine part of the State, that thne dlefendant lhade beean laor neveral years a licemaa~ed retailer; lhat. Inc and compilliedl with all tine reqluisitins (of the lawtc, as ta nthe modse of appnlinisnrn for a license ; that the Conmmiisssners hadns ro mrned to grant a licennse no de'feinant. nal or enany snbjecrimn nto him. hmn bescaue they iad ressolved to refuse all applicaia fonr such lleenses. Thle defe'nce. wats, tat the Conmmiisioners had a dliscrenionnary power tin graint mr reject such applicat non, but un right to refuse all liceinses ; "-hut te rase was broughnt to test the power of the Commntissioners, amid than although nhe ude einnnt had violated the letter oif the law, iho .Cominsuioners hadl usurped powers not coanferred lay tine Legislature. His Hlonor Judge Butler chargend that the dte Iiendatnt hadl visnlated the law, andI thtan he was rguilty. Thne Jury retired a few hourn |mdI brsougha in their verdict "tnot guilty." Solicitor Edhcards foar the State. Blellinger 4' iHouulon, No- throp, for de lendants. A Grand Natronal Debt, in imitation rof reat lBrirtain. Upon this subject, we find tine following, in the -Reflectios"ofCuntndecMirabeau upon **Dr. Price's obsuervations rn the imnnportance of the Amnerican Rtevoluntion," wiach althugh inddressed to A mericans no lonag ago as 1785, seenme to us to be even more applicable to our coautrymena at thne Sresent timne than at the period referr'ed no. 'ederalists, Demtocrats,read, anad act wise ly :-Bay Stale Democrt. -Contract no Debts.-The first Ioaun 'nade amnongat you, will attest withn cer tainty, the dlecline of that spirit whichn mught to animate you.-It will be to shift sptor othners the task imaposed Isy nature and by your oaths upon yourselves, and to lischarge only Ihe twentieth puarI of your luties. It will be a gross injustice. whnich vili baad your posterity with the burdsen of tour services and of their owen. It ivill so a fatal contaguon, which, speedily de. :royiug your virtues, will awaken ava ke, multiply intrigues, aind bend the lof. .ess of vyour souls to thn mm..,,re. of stock-jobbing. Your country w be forgotten, and the field of honor, t sy lum of liberty, will be converted into an exchange of traders." From the Old Dominion. Martin Van Buren.-The Raleigh Re gister recently had some u generous alu sions to what it was pleased to call Mr. Van Buoren's electioneering tour. Similar remarks and allusions have been made in other whig papers. We look upon this umcalled for attack upon Mr. Van Buren as particularly ungenerous and uniust. From his letters we infe-r that he will not he a candidate for re-election ; then whiy do our wthig friends talk of his -' election. cering tour ?" Ile asis nothing, expects nothing, at the hands of the people, in ad dition to th high ionurs they have alrea dy heaped upon him. There are a multiplicity of reasons why NIr. Van Burin hiould adhere to the pai riotic determination he has so magnani mziousmly formed. Were he it become a candidate. we should again have the old battle of the "gold spoons" and mite hous and other humbug fallacies to fight over again. withdrawing the public mind rron the momentous principles which are at stake. Were he to become a candidate fur the third time, we should violate our Son a political creed of one Presidetal ern. We should lose the support of a great number of old State Rights Repub beans, who stand coinmitted against Mr. Van Buren personall3, but who would heartily support any other democratic caudidute. Mr. Van Buren has received the highest rewards for iis political servi ces a geinirous people could bestow-he asks iio more at their hands. 1iu it is said he %a a. lict-ed out of the the election by frau-] anil chi, anery. Gran ted. It was not .Mr. Van Huren that was cheated. but the repulicnu p.irty. If the repobcar.s are teriorious unier another leader, ample atomrment will have been made to Mr. Van iurei. It is not mep, we are fightimg for. lier great pricaples. If k were to run Mir. Van 1urens the third time. simply because he was de.feated, the contest would degencrase into a quarrel about uen ..nly. A, .lr. Van Hureni n ill under io circums;ancies be a raudidate for re-election, no further allusion to wbig abuse seem.4 to be necessary on our part for the prieent. From the Old Domiason. Mr. Calhoun's Prosprets.- From eve ry quarter the giea body of the democra cy are rallying to the supiort of thi, great est si:itesman now livin,:. Several w etk-i ags we re-ceived the follow ing lener fronto one of the must thorough-goiig Democroats in the - Empire state." with permission to lay it before our readers. We do .o with the highest satisfaction. The writer %ill accept our warmnest thanks for this mark or ia,- continueil friendship. TottasiNmItLL.V, N, Y , Spt. 3d. 1S42. FatRFND Fisa:-l have too lon deay ed writing to you ; the want of time, mix ed with negligence must be my excuse for my long silence. Being aware that if I took up my pen to scrawl oil' a lcttier I I should in all probability imzpse upon my self the task of spinning quite " a long yltif." buicveribelesi. communicating one's Ideas to distant friend& Vffmer a~ Mmrrilgrarb-pf compensates for the trou'ole. But emnugh of prelude. You ktnow that I am never backward in --defi. ning my position" on mnaking a ' declara tion of my principles for the public eye," :ind knowing you to be a long tried and de voted pioneer in the cause of progres, antd reform,- I can more freely communicate with ytou on such subjects In mhese days of political and moral dlegenierac-y. brought on by corrupt ad special Legislation. the offspring mif our wretchedI paper moneyii' hiubug; it is indeeildachrnng to the friends of refoarm to disicerni the dawning of' a ne'w ~and' brighter Era. I dnie that dawming from the momencit that Ge~n. Jacksuin sg.' ed thae veto messa::e refusing:io rech:mrter the U. S. Baiik. Lamencatably true i: is, Ia ht the con se of pirigress has too often heenm stayed tby thes a~cs uf those from whom We have expiected bel ter ihings: w hich for a time hams tbscured the gream fprinceiples of iotr cause, from the miids or the people; while all manner ofrecpreiach has been he~t peid upon our princiil--s and upon thee who like yourself nve stoid foremosts in the great struggli for itight. Justice, truth, progress, and hutmanity. It is sail, the idarkest momients of night. precede ilhe dlasning day; this may lie ,ii. and ifs., the same may Ibe sain if the pohlticeal horri z'in; for it ever the true- friends iofth~e --. fights of main" hail rea~on io beumiian thi' down. tall of moan, it was am the prostration if ,,o miany of our race at the~ shrine of hIaceho, in the last pre-sidential contest. The pihi losopher, patrliot amid pilanithropie, stood aghast, for a time, and coulid only exclaim O mian ! art ahou forever dlomied to grope thy% way thr ough life in dairkness and is grace ! Thisi grand upheval in polities has brought the people to their "sober -- coed thoughts"-they see nowv the neOces sity of recurring to first principles, anid thanks 1o Jonsy Tlr~ia. he has presented the strnt tlre of those stupe'ndons mtso~sers 15,ank anid Distribution, which would hamve regnaired us ages I'o 'esmruv. The rubhish has now only to lbe removed; anid the work Ito be performed, muist be pnu imnto the hands of goodl atnd faithful servants of t he peosple.-Wilh JOIIN C. CALIIOITN. for gratnd sup erintendlent, we shamll see 'his ftovernmeni-t broiught back ti), and aidminis tered ona the economical plait laid doCwnl by thmegreat founders of ihis repiublic whose pelitical creed was equal and exact justice to all men.-Th'le prodluinmg mai~sses must aris-- from their lethargy, and put forth their strength for bate omi thme great. anmd broaid, and benevolent principilies of the idemnocram ic ieed; they must make for their molttto -Free tr ade; low dulues; no debt; se para lion from banks; econom3, retrenchment. anid strict udhaerence to the Consilution." You may ask will the whole North :o for Mir. Calhonni I I atnswer yes, if I can judge of the whole tnorth by the feelbngs amid exprenions of our democratic friends itn this county and in N. Yoark City. If they speak out elsewhere as here. Mr. Calhoun wi sweep over the Norto like a tornadlo. All seem to see thme necessity of having a man of great tmiind, to carry out the great aid Radical principles of this People. Ia him we see all our Ameri can principnes nersonifed, and salli ee them fairly, honestlyand clearly laid beforo the world, with a force and energy , V of his enlich-ened mind. Bitna -a I am in public life oaid in a ve14.. Eic place with a vcry extensive cjuntry and city acquaintance. I have an excellent op portunity to find out the views of people. Lately I have made it my bsi'r W certain the views of every de Ioc-ra 4'V meet. A M V motives for introduci tE are not understood nor suit ly say (without expressing a r7 there begins to be some fee the presidential question; or whA think of the candidates, or whist propie say your way about the,"* didates for President? With bu ieg ceptinn every man I have spoken to in New York City. hans expressed a preference for Mr. CALHOUN. Ian this place eve democrat (except those who have held It' fee under Mr. Van BurefPs adnjaistras tion) has expressed a preference for Calhoun, or at least for a new candidate, and all are strongly in favor of one Seran only. Those from the country generally lanswer, -weil I have not thought, or heard much o. the subject," who is talked ofT. --Mtr. Van Buren, and Mr. Calbout I like rotation it office; Mr. Van B#6et 1:.% had the highest office in our ift'JhN. .ide, many minor ones, and I t k o Ahould be satisfied to retire." Othermasay if ir. Van Buren comes into power..ih.e "Bourbons" must be restored, and that. Calhoun will poll a stronger vote tban Van Bure-f, for those that left uson Van Buren, would return to us on Calhoun, or a new caudidate, while they would hate to 'Right about face' on Van Buren. Generally they say they will support either, should they get the nomination, but Mr. Calhoon has their decided preference. J. C. T. The condition of the Farmers of Illinls. -A correspondent of the Journal of Com nierce, writing from Quincey, Illinnis, re spectinig Northern Illinois. says: Notwitb standing a great amount of industry. eight 1)(1t of teal of the farmers are itt debt, and hold their farms for sale, I do toot know of a farm in Illinois that will pay expenses which hired help, at the present prices of produce. Many of thetn borrowed money to buy farmst all such are now in a dan gerous position." This is a lamentable statenent, and the causes of their difficul ties, we suppose, are to be found among thoise which have done as much mischief to ite w hole conoiry. speculation sad flue. tuating corncy. The farmers borrowed miney and incurred expenses in times of exp'usio. and have to pay the debt now when a rigid contraction is in operaiion, and ..11 prices falling. Hence their pre vious calculations are all disappointed, naid the prices they receive for their pro duce will not meet their indebtedness. No nne class is free from the mischiefs of un wise legislation, and all should therefore make themselves sufficienly acquainted with political causes and elects to guard against the mischiefs they sometimes pro duce. A Sharp Countryman Outtitted.-A stot middle aged mtan, whose appear ance showed that he was fresh from the country, came inte.a stoe in 0 ** streezy.reiVfayin evident eeitemeot to enquire the rout to the Police Ofice. hIis apparent agitation induced the owner of the storew"w ho, like Paul Pry, was natually curious to know" to enquire as to the difficulty he was laboring under. He stated that strolling through South street, hq felt somnethaing grazing his leg, and on looking for the cause saw a.man picking up a poceken book, which ap;IIared to be well filled, and make off' with it in great haste. At the same moment an other man addiressed the countryman re 4specting the transaction, and advised thnat bothn 'ahounld starn in pursuit. The coua tryman thinkiang he had as much right to thne poacket-huook aforesaid, as the man who found it, tuas eager to obtain its posses uiann. They fortuznately found the man on a do,'k bnehind a wood pile, with the pocket book in his hand, gloating over its richt contents oif X's. and V's. T'he mian nho joincad our friend from the country taold tine fnaer of the pocket book that he (the. countryman) was the owner of the honk andl money., anad it must be gi--en map to aimt, anal this taur sharp coun trymran niso insisted apotn. The finder, how ever, retuse~d to do this, unless he was waeIl pntad for his trouble, and was bent on ketping it unless he received five dollars. T he coauntry man, cager to obtain possev i'an at so .mailt an outlay, handed out in' double quick titme five dollars hard money. P froam a bnucke.kin putree, which the inder'.~ received, delivered up the pocket book, rad mad im selna-f scarce. 'rhe gentleman ~n iaded in finding the fellow also itnform ed the countrytnan that he certainly sas enttitled tat something for his trouble, and aemandead five dollars also, addir~g that he was then yieladitng up a fair claim to half the contents of the pocket book. This.too, vas paid, and the countryman hastened to his lodgings close by, went to his room, locekedl the door, pulledl oSl his coat, as arew turth the treasure in order tohlaye the pleasture "all alone by himself"of' coutitg at, his hecad already filled with ihe ;odaa he intetnaded to do, and blessing thec tort unate event that "carried him to 'York." There was a thick roll of teas, fives, and smaaller denonminaiams, alLs band somne looking bills, as if fresti from the~ , il'elrenit bianks on which they were, as thear face ,tated, payable on demand. Not withstanadintg the bills were so handsome, antr counttrymnu whno knew hut little of bil e-xcept the bills of the Jintg Island Bank - (hie was from the Island) went to a bro 9ker's office to get "mint adrops" in ex change, lTe branker politely informed haima that thne money, which consisted of' $100 in City Trust and Banking Co. Post Notes. Bank of Milwaukie. Hohoken Gra zinig Co. aend other suspendedl institgtionis. was nat waorth a red cetnt, that the hanks oan which these bills were haad all "bted tp lrg aigo!" Our hero's eyes were open-. edca, he hand been cheated by two knaves, *j and rushed fromn the office to find the po lice. Hie was friendly advised by the storekeeper to let tine police office aloee-. tata hie laud tn more right to the .07 (had it been good) tban the two . was justly punished for his dig tention of appropriating to hi t which he evidently had no rigt