Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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1a thereprO iiiwersary on may be, wln con burty of the cause and the ts supporters, it is yet painful own incompetency, to add any tthenmountof experienco and wisdom alreeadyin your ession. An openand free disnseson, has a every where admitted. No room is left for cavilling-.scareely a doubi remains on which to hang an argument. Sug gestions have been made-theeriesadvanced and experipents propossed. 'till it may with propriety be doubted, whether on this subjc anything remains to my, which has not been said. In our duties as a Society gentlemen, we have not been deli nent, neither have we been far behind in advantage- resnting from such an organisation. At our first anni versary, we were favored with an address which presents a beautiful and practical brief of our interests and duties, as a class or Agri culturists; the reports of our several commit tees have been laid before us for our mutual ingetion; and through the pre, we have recomed no inconsiderable portion of that mov ing maw of useful and experimental intelli gence. which the active spirit of the tines has put en circulation. Had I the pen of wisdom. ortongue of eloquence. what more could I hope to do, than these have done. Nevertheless, it does not become us to be Pi. lent; but, whether we add anything to the stock of general information or not; to evince g least by our interest and action, that wn pro. perly appreciate the work in which we have engaged ourselves toco-operate. Although as I have before intimated, we have no lack of practical instruction, 3 nt you will allow me to remartentlemen, that more has been said than doze hitherto: the resolution to nosk up the - materials which we have collected is not yet suficiently roused, and perhaps I could unt rore pro*tably engage your attention at this time, than by urging upon you a few consider ations in favorof the excellenceof Agriculture, and theimportance of treating it as a science. Its antiquity and its immediate enanation from divine well, are the first recommenda'inns I shall notice; and these of themselves would seem sulcient to render it worthy of our moist ardent pursuit. If I w-re ablo, I should not deem it essential to enter upon a learned and abstrose disquiition to prove the antiquity of its oregin. T Sacred writings declare to us, all ta may be known with certainty on this poit. vii: That man went out from the gar dn of Eden to " till the ground," and that too under the express commad of Heaven. You will bear with me, while I endeavor to trace something of its progiess through the his tories of nations; and shew what etire this science has upon the social relations of life: In the second age, Husbandry. in it* simplest form, as we may suppose. waschosen as an oc cupation: for " the fruits of the earth" as well as ' the frstlingsof the dock" were used as sa. crifices of men. But soon after arose the age ofinvention, when scorning the original procla tnation -'the early inhabitants of the world. left the fieks of honest labor, and learned to -dieas and dance and troll the eye," till they and their works were swept away in the Bood, as rebel lions and unworthy. that at this early period. the cul vati n o e earth was held as a patent of civilization under the hand of God, and that it become neglected only in proportion as men receded from him. dosoon as Noah came forth fron the Ark. he e~bgan to be a husbandman"-he planted a vineyard, and tended it. From this practical school, his sons went out to divide the earth tiogh em:-What more natul, than to ex pet ithe smoke of daily incense would arise from the three quarters of the world thus peopled-nendin;; ups ain-led sweet savor of industry and gratetude to I'eaven! Yet it was nor so! The teats of Shem and Japheth spread - over the fertele regions of the East and West, like swarms of locusts, which came, but to de stroy; and the luxurious inhabitants of the South~reposed in the shade of indolence, claim an' their subsistence from the boughs above, or swath swinish degaation grovelIliung for Use roots beneath. The lamp of trueth had been sul'eed to go slut for want of trimmsing; and thse ef'ects of indolence aced ease, had produced such mooral darkness, that the return f - seed time and harvest" brc"6hst with them no re :nembrance of the divine :::junction. Egypt. however, seems to have formed an exception to this remark.-Thzere, gtill exieted a practical illumination of mind. witich rende-red the genius of this people, a fat nursery for the sciences; but it is as evidenet, that by the constitution of nature, the couutry was formed for somne vast design. The river which watered the laid in a man ner so mnysterious and isystemiatie. coneld not fail to excite the cursisty and feed the epecula tions of the naturally ioquisitive meined, and thce native barbacian eould not wvitncss the effects of its inflei and reflux on the viegetatiion of thne soil, without instituting a process of thought, which must in the end, leave hitm a tmore ra tional creature. Nature herselfhadl set the ex ample of cultewatiun, and we cannoot go back to a period ao remote in the letatory of this coun try, as to show when this princ~ple was disre garded. We know that when the drought of a summer's sun, had dried up tine pasturage and withered the sustenance of the lands, relief from feain . was found only in the Corn of Egypt! The fertile banksiof the Nile had be *come the granary of the world ! And here gen tlemen we may stop to admire, for our own benefit, the ingenuity, patene and tact, of those early Agriculturlu.-Tenice observation no cemsaryfor determining what degree, and -whaut number of inundations were proper for water ia and assoilixineg the lands-the numerous ca asaand drains, by meas of which the whole contry was watered like a -garden of herbs."' The spiral pumps, theowells, in short thec whole s em of irrigating, eerieching and producing. Surely that which employed the wisdomi of the Pharoah's, which recenved the aed of the in spered Joseph-and exercised the wits of the noble Arehemides, cannot fail to recommend itself to any of the present age ! In this manner Agriculture fiat.became'ele broad as that of one of her own pyramids, was ~ .,~e~edall the learning of Egypt. I will not c, by endeavoring to elucidate this will mefer you to the fact, that usecognized the trutb of it; upto the worldmasapharos in this school of'wis - tand planted aco aof which was felt ; tents becan.e -vallies and sen at their g, and loaded 1; and 4 ~iudis of anen gradnally took some ti't. their true interest, and from the isles ofh n',the exampip spreid to the distant o f Persia and China. The cultivation bgeh -Silk. with the additional lujuries 6i aiad olives, were soon imported to the Soth'ofEurope-arsd while its Agricultural infancy. was sustained' by the Corn in Egypt, t gwsteadily nto strength and happiness Italy and Greece the sickle was laid up in the Temple of Ceres, and the wine leaves which crowned the processiun of Bacehus., were mingled with golden ears of grain. Hap py in the rewards of honest industry. the reap er's song was heard. and the language of the earth accommodated itself to the praises ofhus bandry :-the kings of Israel and Judah, as well as the senators and nobles of Rome, con spired to do it honor; many of the latter prov ing by the toil of their own hands. the excel lence and delight of labor. Like the religion of Stahomet. Agriculture is indebted in some measure to the sword for its establishment, far the Roman armies as they weni on conguering and to conquer. owed the seed of civilization in the path of their con quests. They placed the plough in the hands ofthe stde inhabitants of Gaul. and taught the arm ahich had hitherto wielded but the sword and barb, to manage the sickle and the wine press. The work went on, in spite of wars and barbaous invasions. and as en-ly as the Carlovingian dynasty. ne recognize the titles of landlord and tenant: it w.as at this time that I a distribution of had was niad.:, which in the continued itmpulses it gave to industry. laid the foundation fur the premiet smiling and happy aspect of beautiful France. Spain alims owed to the Roman yoke, and received as the reward of submisaiun, the spoil&of her own rich soil. But the necttsities of life, were aq yet kft to the production ofthefec. thus emiring a systen Of extortion and violence; and the barbarous hordes of Scyol.ia and Vandalia attracted by the luxurious fruits and wines of Southern Eu. rope, itushed upon the empire and covered it with the darkncas of the middle ages. It las been doubted by some, whether the invasions were not of uitimate advantage n tohe interest of the counities thus subdued; for the harba riana added energy to authority; and though they olien turned the plon.-h1sare into the sword, did not fail to turn the sword into the ploughshare; the resoltition which made the one a firebrand of war. rendered the other fruit fil. It is even said, that the Gothic kin;s im proved upon the leasimon set themn by their cap tives. and by the effect of precept and ex.nple estabislished the ytem ofAgriclItuIare upon such g rounds as to render the fabric of their power arm and uslfts"pporied. Under the shadow of peace Agrieulture re vived. anld spread out its roots to tho embahice of every soil; but it was onlv in Dritain that a brand arose. which was destifid tmoverladow the earth with its rroodly baghs. What na tions ias not looked to England for lewmemos im mience ased in pomlicy? What mind hals net grasped aller the screas mf her unrivalled pmos. perity by lanmd and sea; her conquests. her do miminins. her enmin-nee in science, her attain. ments. morul, phyical and social? The slight. eat degree of political wildon. will enable na to determine, that Agriculture is the keystione of the arch which has raised her ento grandeur I! is a maxim. that time wealth o a natiom consists in the number of its inhabitants; aid all agree that the popmlation is the effect of Agriculture. Should at be necessary to prove the reverse of this proposition, we have only to look at a6me barbatoue nation, who nature has but scantily upplied with ap ontanmeous food to the tocky coast of Arabia for instance.-T - eaily history of that coumntry demonstrates time effect of inmdolenee and want. upon the '04 cial prope'nsities and affections;-the men wan dered alone by the shore, in search of their preenrious antisistene, seldom overcominj the share the scanty pittance which their labours upplied. The same cause. if it did not pro duce the sate effect upon the harharoup and unciltivated nations of the North-drove thein like bees from an overfull and sarving hive, to disp'ute with their neighbmrs the fruits of honest maddustry. Grecco too, anter its downtfall. exhibmited somte thing of this depopulatinig work ; what aetma n ed from the sn ord despair had nearly finished. The country was left bare .usd uancultivatema, time flocks wandered over the hills, anmd thme wretched inhabitants mought relief from time miseriesof want and oppmrosionm ini ,,ther lands Trhe country, says a celebiraited traveller, pie. senta the appearanice of time wild forest of America, in othners, it is bare nmnaotas and drearv, and a herd eifgoati on the hills. or a numtcer of sheep brwaing atmonug thme ruins. complete the picture of desstation. Conatra-at with these the happy vales of Italy. with its swarmms ofsun-buarnt chiildrem. rummhinag from mime vineryardat or htenm to time corn mLcaper's so.Oi among time hills of Stmzerland; see the nmerry evemnatg dance at mime pe'asantry eat smumny F~rance. or itmnes. thecomtenmted indmepmiedence mf time liollamnder, as he sits diewn tm -mooke his pipe in peace and security, animd thei ph-nuty which hmas bseen time productiin of htis mewnm Peace is not more asn..niedly the parenit o Agricmhiure. thanm Agrmmnhure. ii- the parent ol peace .-thmey are that amnmmly ini time econom - iif our maur,-, wich emutaly pr deiniia ene s~ othmer. As ii mtoreh'.u-e- tic. e- hised wm ith time mesmults emfimmismwn lab.,r, oman h~e;.:ms to m. a sure the claims ot othmers hms la uon mm in- mentse of jmmmtice rise imm pnmrportn Im me rammerm:ty de-. chmiese; ad whiale he tr'em he dl-gi~e-p lmin to enceroachm uponm dem right.. iof other.. ii- htau mmore leisure to mmnvestig.atm a e nm m -Ilience time it' vemntionas and mhsecverie.. wich mark a pem cod of peace. Amonmg the advmacemaenil which demonstrate the tatcih at' the age bmefemre us. none have takemn a fatrer stand thtan time science ofhtusbanadry. What soils htave i.ot beeni aima voted to their proper usesi above all. whmat en qury awakened-what emulatonm aroused!i Theory has engendered theory, amid expmeri ment produced experimenit, 'till time age is rife with the spirit ofprocreaition. Then succemmuea example of one countiry has become. a prece dont for another. or faormed a bass emn which tocomnstruct a more splenudid scheme of mspecu at on. It has been founid that there is notimg ditli cult which may noat he achie'ved. ninmmg pomw erful which may not be subdedil. gimmits hmamme been set to time enmcroahmeants at time setime. unhealthy mamrshe's have bmeemn conivertedl inte smilinig gardens- the wilderness has blosmmuned as the rose, anmd time waste and barrien places. beena made to sins for juy. If thme questonm is asked how all thins hast been eff'ected ? we an swer-mecrely by the plain anmd hommeiy virtue of energy and persevmeranice. Lookr to China for exawmle:-A tract of land. which, though vast in extent, is propmrtionmable sterile and rude. is umade to support its millions of human beings. As an illustration of time means by whitch this is brought abmout, a traveller remark,i that on a high mueuntain. lie discovered several patches of cultivated ground, in suchm a state of. declivity, as would appear to hinm inaccessible. ifhle had not seen the owner at wvork upon them; he had fixed a rope around hiis body. which was secure hy the othter end to thee top o thesmtountain. and in this manner lie let him sefdown to his little farnm of corn and vegeta ble.- China, however, hasashut herself upi with in the walls of bigtotry ; and if we desire prece 'jenta its the progress of this science, we must ast our eyes to the countries of Europe. Legislatieecare, combined with steady indna ty and phylosophie wisadom, has draineed the starshes, mnodafled time soil, etaried the yegeta ioand mulitiplied the products of E~ngtanmd, tl ts becnme a critlerion to other nations. 'hex graines, her cattle, her rean. kactuaes. are the best-to be'Engr Is to be at superor. In this she is ye .adva .both at t home and abroad.-Iher colonies' in w tWinging tout and perfecting the a ,t each Si country. and throw dail) iito the trade CA a great share of the luxuries 'f Is . .rance, 01 though she may have been init ekli htrrival el in practical results, has not been t in to phylosophic inquiry on the sibject. Lappier at clime may have rendered it less , and NJ perhaps a happier art of co t, has 1 indisposed the Frenchman for tive a labour, that patient process of which A great ends are aime -at, and .' beyond the ordinary wait of life.'G praise. however. is given to the industr peo c ple; and it to said, that on a route fruna one province to another, there not be pointed out a sagle acre of waste, ofliand I which was not cultivated indus:' though am not always well. Luxuriating in pro ducts of the fetile soil of greate sudnot at being confined to the neceisity of diti d plans for its antelioration,the Fre is left more at leisire to indulge his i in inventionA which are usually more than ci useful; heure we see their papers *ith i hi beautiful but abstract theories, and plausi. at ble and elegant experiments in iv depr- i p4 meotofp)sicalscience. Yet reVo- Y lution, ierance has made sensible - , ! nent progress n the actualp bor; ju and taketn apart from that want omy IL which the happiness of her soil and has ac induc, d, i-he may rank amng the Agri .n cultuiral nations. - ..as The earth has paid a noble trib tl nines and industry of her citizens; w re sidercd in the production of her silk, hI lain, her wines, hier fruits, her tr lu caler. PC Spain is alnosi the only country wjjse pro- d gress in Agriculure has roit beentanward. de Most of the writero of her history , that at the period ofiher greatest excelleni 'ihis art. was during fie reign of the Moors. age that ce tine, die nobility ad gentry iavecinbed their Ip' patronage to the towns ai d ciier. ifestng oi the greatest aversion to the labor an ,shought dt necessary to the pursuit ofhusband e* need Ou onily adduce' a' an evidence of this that to- w tal want of inventiont, which leads astil to da pursue ie oriental and primsitive to of t treading oni grain with cattle. Ufr* stry so i rich and fruitful in soil, and o e a cli- W, mate si) sot acid genial. only v said 1e iU be cultiialed, the other parts beinguverrun bY and devoured by flocks of sheep. -l The ditliculties and impediments eriih the ' natives of Holland have overcome. have been el compared to the labors of Ilercules,mti it is somewhat surprising.that. after suci* show of n' energy and perseverance, they havesat down 01 qite satisfied with their aclievmentaind suf. in lered others to far outstrip them in race of Ila improvement. The other Genian Stat, with it nmore natuiral advantages. lhave shewaew wis. su dom; and though Agriculturereceiv afavor. 110 able impulse in Prussia, by the A ir law of th Frederck the Great. its pro-sent condjn does It not enutile it to any cons4ideration isitfiat res- !t pect. German industry and eennoap re-not i maore remiarkable than German immutability ; a a te writes from that country sae:- Though er the Gertais are superior to us iprofnund th speculatiois of science, yet in the prael ur Wa mst of life, they cannt compare e'~ with t England or America and are 'ar behind those gr countries in the comnun implemei6t' which sb pertain to the ordinary usages of sociiety. s. ag lair from taking up Uio ready inventionsofoth- ov .r nations. they oppose any thing likeinnova. ge tiou, and atach% with singular prejudpe'to the *Good old Dutch." . . in It is observed by Montesquien. 'That no by ountry is cultivated in propurnon o fatil. l ity. but to its liberty," and this ~a ~ oti i W ferd as apneraltruh, whie i - alos Ch wr w~rwe hae ba reirtewing afadio ac tount for the advancement ofourqwj,.: Free- Pr loin of institutions, the posseusina ofuight i,. ob irsoperty. exemption from taxati 'onl. imme as iiate product, and the facilities ti ixchange 'Or at cnm.odites, have made Amerians _ and particularly of the citizens of theise United cO States an Agricultural peoplue. It is true, that cu na a country of almost unlimited extent. and tic embracn ucht a variety oif climate and pro- tt iuction,.h vastiess ol the field has rendered i he labors of theo people too different and various imi o take any decided character, an iii: moreocer triue, that the rich and unex- thi ,tored regions in the prospec-tive, by making ' u heir resources inexhuastible, have contributed o render the imipitation of carelessness and in tmprou dence, which attaches to the cultiva. str ori in this country not without foundati ol liui if the pirophietic eye os patriotism fail nt. th iii ecii will cereLct iticelf; and we shall sceeiur C'i ootitry ocenipyitig the po.i'ion in that re..pect. 50 sc hclu bnns tor hersc-If in every other, c iz: hei ir': .amonig the nutions of the earth. his u hi~ot has been already done. remaitns as a the utarantee of succesc, ini that which yet remoins ue u o, a. d with tisa view at is worthi our while oh ii look hack tipto our proigreesive steps. It is nc~ sell kituocn. that with regard to knowle-dge. toi fu aant eilutiy toprang in life. ccidh lacili ies mitture.i mi st. and s rot:g and ready in In- cv, centioni. t# ithi die seeds of the told world, the th dvettALer. brought with thiem the process of i heir induetioi; but difficulties altogether on- ric cireeen ini the application of their former oys. ili ems oi hiuchacidry, tendered the efforts of the tli tanit foir a titme puny ais those of a eltild. bt Thi e ystetiis of every land and nation, were In t varions tiunes practised npon this countly. grp coil almos't al ways with douibtful suess, many bnt it thicm were abandoned upon slight discour- to agement, or neglected for the impressing hta :iarmis of'some more novel scheme. The cut- dii lvaiioni of winie and silk by die Frencth, ot flax and wool by the D~utch, yielded in somne paris wl to the protito and delighitsofthie Virginia weed, at: in others to the expenments of indigo and rice ; to and finally, nearly the whole have jiven way en ntoimake roomt for our Soauhernfanint. TIhis an rage lor novelty, or rather ths avidity for spec- wi uiation, has beeni the means of retarding ouar ly Agricultural kui~wledge; one scheme has t:ot mu been tried tong enough to are-eal its' mast initi- in uiatea relations; and ieasoninig upon this grounid, di we Iurm sonie conclusions of the advantage th whlich we shall dorive in future from our staplte ko production, ata We do not enter into the helief ofsous. thal ulycs.er conary wi ho ,ile, to wrest from us in lie prist ot te productioni; and though the of wers perli-etn oi culture which we aim at, is inayv hy increuain;: it- quantity dpeciate its of vaine, wve ichail derice nao lisa credir as Agricutt- wi T1hie introduictioni of slaves and cotton into n heise Souttheun 'tatese. mtarks tce c, distinguiieid ar apoche in their Agricultural history ; the former wi 'tavo afforded tue age-ncb, and theltatter the w asate-sial, f'or uine of the most splendid systemis the f operation that was ec er biought to bear on wl mny cotiitry ei l'erhaps in all the ecinomy of nature, there ould iiot be found atiother vetretable praouc ti ion, the cultivation tifwhichi admits of such va- jth< ie-ty, and demands such vigorous eercise of a he tuental puoers; as such, it was bequeathed ha a a blessing ito the Soth, and was the very iun hing calied for, to suit the nature of her soil tic tud climate, the character of her insttutaons, sti nid the genius cuf her pieople. That we are a ari )eoplo liable to extremes is our greatest error: d na1 tis ultra disposition has caused us to push fai his tavornte pursuit to the injury of' our geno- lib al Agricultural interest; but even ~ti evil is ,sai aroduetive of some good ; the spirit'of emula-., ion and emoluimenit lias awakened our dormantA powers-it has caused as toexiainsIoehc'ose. To tid to reject ; a proccess, which is never umber sken without inaellectual benefi t. ~ Ii Whilst we acknowledge. that in'thisreec: C ir Agricultureis disproportionate an unequatl, 'i at it ts like a creature- with a large head. but I rak and dicindling limbs, we confess our- g hss praudly cosicusofimpr lvemenit-t. I1tce, it ton. sag tobacco, wheat, curls, and nany 1 lher thin ' yielded abunda tI3 to our lefts, and its turn has been the means c 'ecicing setole natite genciul. in ou;gestmi; ad eticung the proper preparations fill coin rt and use. Our exporuts are abundant ts.u-t oniais of e.ur nsatiosunal wealth ; of ourselves ad iu ourselhes as a people. we baie enough adfto spare. I we look over the country. we e every day suticient evidenc of imfiustry, onomey acid management, to pre.ve our capsa y for the art. and a spirit is abroad in the land, % hich evoncesoursusceptbilitiers to the science. isch being the growing coedition of A:::icul re U1 movst count les, aned such the perosmissng C pect olour 4ew u, it remains lr us to imiinre o: bether as a community we exhibit tie samieI eps of perogression. and whether as iudivi ino wea can do nothing lor our 'liuo ad. I tiscement! I could not gentlemen. iltanding before a I0 1ty, all of % houl may lay cinems to great. r bowledgo of this ar than n self, pretend to iggest any thing new for your adoption ; but Nehiaps I tusght with propriety brineg belore u. somee of thise proucmneut points o adm- j tan and advice, which are too good to be in. red by repetitiou. That which seems to me I ost important is rapidly progressing, % iz: an t tive and growing interest ice the cause-we By go farther and propose a devietioc to ct, i interest which wonod lead ts to pursue it at a expense of timto andl thonght. '- lien we i solve to do any thing" says sote one - it is lf done," if we acted in the spirit of this reso tion, we should nlot be satisfied n ith such im. rfect results, nor dissceuraged by such slight liculties. The next thing il impurtance isto termne to do every thinig ins the beet mananer; id for this purpose we clst iiemploy tle best cans; I cancnot conceive of a useful and euc aful fitrier. who has so choice of seed in opagating Isis stock. whose itmplements are the commoneet order, and whose enterprize U es not lead hiam to becure to himself, the re [is of the experience ofotlhers. Why should a not aima at perfecutin in otir orrcicards. lor irys, our gracaries, nd our .tables? WsVth a glowing necterinc, ihe rich .aticties oi ach and plum. and lIespertan apples. all thin our reach. Why -hould we costent ou ves with the xtragging bushes w% hici grow the way-side or in our wa-te fields-the nted and imperfect prodauction ,of neglect? fly shoeuld we still dleespd lo imported hors , uiported cows. imported hogs I You a re all well aware of the vast sumus of ney annsuall expesnded fAr this purpose; e hall 1 tIthas, at least. msight be better apoplied supporting and improving that which we ve. But at is urged, that the degeaeracy of C ck its this country.creates ademand for Iresh pphss-toais is ou own fault. There is no tural reauseo for deprecintien; it is assered.I at smttcaolthe rich meadsewsol New E'ngland rsian claws cot interior to the Verhamo. -'r ereflird, and succeaful eaxperimie1t is prov g that it is onely leer want of care, that oncr pligs a nlt equal to) those of laerk-shire. sr acly esth. country. It is but reasonable to suppose that 9 same care which preserves imeposted stock, gt have prevented the miserable, state of our rni. if we compare the rich meadows awd 40 jilats of Lngland-thce careful %%ister ids and provende-r. with the utnecertaine peatur e, the homneless, utueee-s condition ee our en cattle, we wtll cease to wunder ..t their de neracy. The loscaesion of great advantages. essures soima cases ain actual loss to tie poesessor ; rendering Wiln careles and isproutideu ; a mate, appar-ntly mild, destroys our cattle. shout seieing to require deft ne-; actd the Ma4ness of land induces us to cultivate much. ;and -iW~ried effo" ectual isI oiM not etend to advise a ceourse, which I would not Slge mlyself to follow, but it umay ba laid down t a maxmni in Agracultural ethics; that grecui- 1 as of gain, retards Improvement. I be beauty and excellcec-e of Ag ricueltniret, aactei not only im thaieystemnati adextenesivec ltivation of a fiam; but in the nice aseapeta a oel thoehearts to ahe sepply of its own cmu ml anid reciprocal demiands. The neglect of a periseceple lens led io Use commcccen errors of peoserisheed liehsis, poor hiorses basd fenscea.c d the like ; a course of peracsice whcichi terin* a stamtp oi imcpohcy upeon is clovsealy aced uinus coniditon.t Nature hais so fied leer laws. as to seghuire as dac sas she geiv es; aced the isapple resukh ad a ict aebedienece to bercommeaendh, is au msee-c seer powers. T he herse which staggeras itt t I urrowe crtaity* expects thal tiwe- eropi isch lee is labormg~ tom prceduce, s-hall addI inetbineg to his owcn strenigh; seed ci ee thisec is neet disappomated, hce goes fierthc to rencew s task wc ith afitie-, iieren-ed ice exact satieeto I Sbenetit aeeelerred. The earth weichl ye Isis its che in.a demani rds that 11he giratetl ihaned aman shah gatlews apsian upon its ..starec the 'les lee hate en ccattereceg abtroad. and ini e rn for thi:e care. mse doeubles leer gift, Through eagerness o1 gan. carel,-eeneess eer mt of judgcent, it ceot unfircenenthli apee, ct large quantities aefan osergr.wni i-teck are i to perish ahrouegh thse wcinterc whil-si the h ccoo tields of the planier arn wastin" een ecr extiberaice- Unde-r ceuch a circusetanc-e, m finaec-e oi ca coeuntry ay lee inicueae. -. t its Agricultural siterest.. are noet asdv~tiemg. t another mostance, wec all see ilhe fences wnc aup withs thorns anid brieri-. whliisi the t aren and mutilated conditioni of the hield dle iustrna-s coneclusic ely. thatt lthe .-abile-caid a becen neglectLed, n.. well nic the u.-tui exiwe- .5 -nte of' ditchiing and lesc ellicog.| ehe -eece of hluisandry. is most noble isn considered as the mseans of propnigatinig a di sstaincing life; eind Ice shall haen attamecdI the great-est praise, who has made the earth' nducive to the greatest peornioe of haapine-m this way. 11cr blessmno are tnpportioneda th due re-lerenece to all, and when injudicioeus cquanidered oar nemgleacted. somieeihing muest tier in ceeiecquien-e husgha liu hid les ide gr'east attamemi isn lie ,ar. at is nio cre to haer A;:ricuiltural genmus, that one half of a produace oi her btads is cursonsmed tby hoarets pt mostly faer eahew; whilst the counita ouneds wecth neggar. W"e sall neaver deecerve the name oifAgricul-i rista, until our farmcs pre-sent the appearance a beehlve on a warmt sunnay dlay. wia is all active, busy, and thriving. The exp. rience every farmer can suggest such a sce-ne 'acre every thing is adjusted wvith that harmo and just psopoertion of parts. whaich admnits itheer of perodigality aor wanet. Whens meadoews ef grass pints comebmes, withont intsrlering th the tmore ostensible eutereet eel the fierem- a sen ahie granaries, the. stabeles, the dairv. i e : fiewl-yard exhibes ancimatione aced n,-ateess een there is "e a p lace for esscry thmisg. asnd esy thineg ine its place." I am cotnsceous theii is wheat it might be. rathiera at whsat is; -we s-hall hole. hion ever. that : spirit whichl is now gocee abroad, prveachmig raade against ths iandolent meeasure-s whiche ve hitherio eanslaveaf us. will 'set prove ffree-, si. We cannoeet be so far beiujind the ace as tato listen to its promsptin::s. Whilst otlewr'. - uggfing with the- chains of despotiian and tiecracy are moevisg onward. sheall we sie1 wn "-conteant with aancesteeraal f(eie;' anal ieo imp rove thes rich enhaericage of laid andal e-sty lent as bie oar fatiwris 7-Let it rather be d of usin future ages rhiey Oh theis height hereditary istood, ed gazing leigher. purposed iti their hearts take another step." il I wouild neet be tedisetas gentlemena. hut beforae lose, permit mec te offer you somne ruemarksiy VAjOf rillremembr w hew you why wearm ional antaure-and whatbear as upon the acial relations i. erience of all ages has shown hart i an is of Pach a nsature. as tw oV rimtn thincg it, thitng. seekin; material mison. or n the absence K this food, to oinacition a prey tidul vivacity or -'ve if in their days of innocence. it was ine ary that our first parents abould have an object fir which to live, viz: to dress the gardenc; nd when they wandered in moral apostacy ros their maker. how much more necessary ans it, that there should he some bondas to re trait- thetm some ceunecting links of moral bligatiot. leading their minds along the chain r aswatison, back to their origin! Nothing otnld iiave' btter'effected this puirpose. than he lift! of the ftrme-r:-usrowtn uplson his own esources for ouinmaisence, he was c.ompelled mth to think and to act, yet tie cosnatinual o ilts sof isia labor were sstch as to fil him with hstruist of his own powers; and to make him eel that there was a poswer superior too his own, ka fch guided the laws of nature. Such was nas a the cultivator of the soil-while he who croribed the didise inijiunction. lot tihe light of eason, and sank like the native of Africa, into lie vileot stpidity. the darkest ob'esay of Mntel cet. The intallectual training inevolved in the lhe purisuit, n-tifciciently establish its nosvehy sat mussch yet resmain tintold. in relation to its litical. civil, snd religions,. effects. Te fit ,f these is co-mmerce. It wvns not until th. ruits of tit- earth became abundant. that misen egan ti think of exchanging the produce of beir owto tands for tholse ufanother; but when ley did so, the itumpulse thus given to society, 6a.- lie a cirle ins the watrr which has been otitoisnally widesnina- and widenis. till it has nbraced aiuoist every s-a send gnlpe. There Snos natio.n semaikable foir intelligence or wis ow. which was nit fira commercial. An other effect of Agsienknttre is population; ithe naunher of itlaltants will be exactly m roportion t- the fissd proeduced." d every means by which that is rendered useful or ef ective, is draw n frot the trmmts plhs of this art; .carning and ,crence must he nisupported by it. s well as :imasiuartures and trade; its tinfina #Ice iss felt lsn Acadeieisis. asid in hsaa-ls of egis. tlitn ; tihe 2-tatesman. tner philosoplier. the law er and tite jlsi 'ascina. must rise or fall with it. .setatin .tante the nalvataages of internal re Ources, thits atfsrded a nation. either for peace r war; the greatest political besaetit arising romis thle prec'utaitn of this art is, the discipine hach a ntipos.'s. The spirit of man is natur 11 t'oo tierce eiiir the pa:ient enaduransce of con estaise tilt; bilt it this school boe acquires ttamt ettal cionteiol, witch isakes himn a better cits. en or better a-nhject. I neaed not remand yos f ith etdence of history ons this point; you JI kniow that freom the Agricultural class, a ountry derives its ehief strength in poeace-its ea eienece In war The meseenary soldier na$ v::tier fight or cntpreonmise; lit he who lis .imetuacig t), rtotect, %ill die in the breach. .carcey any mitionm f6am the Itiman age till bae lpre.eut, but tias felt aed acted on this prin plile. nuid by 'ecring a landed atterest for a isjority l ihei people. raised for itself a bul. 6tart., tiiore turmadable thian wood or sone. so tsu who has feltthe deligts of posseessions e ill shortly frget them,orinconidserately rean er his-eif unworthy ofthta. No man wihl, inds itsmsell in the midsuo the stores. which ave b-eat the prodnet of his oA n car. and in u-tr3, wiso sees tature eubservient to hi will. ud happay berngs.gathered arouand him ilooking a his protetion. and dependent tin iii preiva ence, no such mans tbut will pause ers he be rays a statiut o suen high r- sponsibsltty. M ho Ia teen tle sternest pasta lots-the rju.t tcflexibie mnoralst, the stoteret. firmeste obtest supporters of trutia I They whose b 'r Spn i=anh yjf a'end a, w -mis uier constant an manly zercise, ias become clear, comprehensive ased rta; and whose hearts au-tured asaidist te tre and healthy atainlience 2t nature %ere temi ered with subrierty, honesty, and be nevolence. - iutch do itte sterlinag qualities attucatho tohli. lass, that tihe "ihonest fartnet" has gone in~ei piruverb throeughaoit the w'orid. li'ew msuena oi thra credit bselongs toe the actual asit esf .abor, aand naow much ti lice elevasting" ied tmoruaazsing ediects set the ptursuit of .\grs uiltuae, as a eacance, we are noct are pared to sy : but we case mee, that in ersiportiun as the asnster aibstaacts himnsefffronm the duties ansd usamess ot 6a vocationi he loses this claimi to .ie' chsaracter here deuign.sted. Trie a de. -pread anatls ot fielly, dissipationa aid e'rcane. exemplify' thie truth ; thsat " id lenen. iti in pall oltnaney eaces,"-and throuaghout uas lancd, as weal aos ev. ry aither. tais evil hue roduacca a faal taendencey toward the subh er s. ait of s m ales. es piropeerty, and of he'altt. it thie .abo. mtg cia..". gentlemnir. whcich :ia'. sup. asrie.. t..e. sliang Sabics. w ihich ha- prev. ut, . itstal tape s ettie. cercuati *g aiessmma ii ,e' a" ger'rted lass see.'das of' vcger and sit '.crtie aid thce ads' anuaa ol palelaure aho entail aipusa is utl'sprinig ticse cas s.'t dtegen'er.icy ain saind tad ieody. a.ijt aeiok to this saursery lor the rena t.tean of Is race. il:el I .i chionas.ad arg nmenats to establish the upermsty oa Agracuiture over every otha~aest lIe psirauta andce .ystemcs of' taen, thesea three rosuld be sufflictent. vcz: lsealah, muorsals and sgoni. Thes punay ianhabitaant ofthce caty, and 1:e t.azy ioungcr ot' the counitry, wiso confineo ies.cieive s an heated rosims, need nut lie stur rased, should theyv dwinadle ant o ansignificance; tie mana of science, or of' eloquence who es. Ihare,, by te mzidmagat lanmp. ths' subterranean sailt.satf leariaaag, sir labor's all day '' to coiei rca.a. theanit ot pihrases in has brzamt," tmay ex' et thaa in.< pulse stall heave aluggialhly. and 1i tics. functssas iii lile, resentiag thse vaolencce ii atear suspensisn, fret thiemselves suto a mor ad declince ; tat the c'ulivator of the soil is at edl by Isis pcrofesson frsm lice aIls, "a lt other lesh is haecr to."''he pure air oi hceaven has nisered inao hiassystemn, and set all the wheels I' tlfe in maotions-delicious health is coursing n hais veinas, imuparting vigor to has brawny rm. atnd the glow of beauty to his cheeks. ..sbor anid laght digestion prepaure hima for re re'shascg sleep, anid refreshing sleep has opened ti,' itseniains of cheaeriietss in has breast. If b e looks upone hisi own, has thioughet do not mse in graatitdo to Gsed, as thsey should. their eas atleast a stdent awcakeasig sit respect for hm.e jf acid the wsirk est his hands whach l'seds the l.ime oh antegrity iai his heart. Without this elf-re'spect man is lost to hotnor, to victue. ansd a pity ; but as by the tight esf sconscissu inate rity, ice perceives the dignci ty of has station; ben will arise asnme honest operations to fult. lfit. hlow cast he, with a mimnd thus awaken. . faeniiiarize himself'witha nature, and see noc livinity int its work. Ihsow can he recognize ise tand that gives and feet no grattde ? *ieay flees the vulignsr haucets of mnan,and dwells ta rural saaides and scenes, freed from thie as-' ocimaaeean ofv ice; the maind of the Agriculturist e'e'lies he'r-Uhouagh olten a silent and unac .un wlediged guiest. Ii. genatle'men. these points are conclusive, acre is no qtuestion upon what basis the psia" uast ofl Agriculture shcould stand as a psrofes ione Wihilst somne disdain the labor of the ands, ansd condeumn it as benseath intellectuai whtitat-let theem prove that any science rearticy of aobler investigation. Bus the efforts whichs hsae beem nat re still miaking, to give this seld' si' arts," the rank to which she m laced the matter beyotnd die pow alter. T'he reign of Agric'ultral lie rule of the press, are eli arm-iae refourm of pblic;M ave tie sdotubt thangthe till be onis greatest toare farmner,.3 d we Iia quantity lication eoted in the scence of Agrie that the me taken to peruse A speit. as fo'r onrself, we have no In pronouncing it one of the best psoductionrof the kind. that has ever appeared " our co hnams. Congress.-The proceedings of this body for the last month past has not been of any inter et; their time being either tak, a up with the, settlement of qnarrels between themselves, or private busines. Was it not for a few steady, well meaning,. honest. industrious men in both branches of this body, who pay respect to the business of their constituents. and do their du ty to the country. it would be better they were dissolved, and the country relieved from. the heavy expense which is daily incurnedby them. Much has been Paid ono subjecto(Ruinamew but, as yet, they have movetli 'owly to wards that grand ib ect. flow a number of them, on their return home, will be able to ac count to their contiruents. fur their ill spent time. during this tone. tJdious, and quarrelsome semion, remains to he found out; for our own part. we are satisfied, that the constituents ofa numher of the present members will not be enabled to greet them on their return home, with - we done good and faithful servant." MINISTERIAL APPOINTMENTS. Mr. Fditor.-Please give the following ap. pointments one or two insertions in the co lumns of the Advet tiser. and oblige Yours. V. M. ABNEY. J. M. Chiles and M. MA. Abney. Missiona ries for the let Division of the Edgefeld Asso ciation, will commence their operations on Sa. turday before the 2nd Lord's Day in July next. On Saturday before the 2d Sabbath in July, at Be.lah. On Saturday before the 3rd Sabbath at Plum branch. On Saturd.y before the 4th Sabbath at An tioch On Saturday before the 5th Sabbath at Mt. MA.riah. On Satunlay before the 1st Sabbath in Au get. at Buf'aloe. On Saturday before 2d Sabbath at Rehoboth. On Saturday before the 3d SabbathatGillgal. On Saturday before the 4th S6Ab h at Beth any. On Saturday before the let Sabbath in Sep tember. at Horb. of the above appoint mants will be con aging. The brethren at Calliham's Mill ar inform, ed. that Awe have ten churches, and but nine weeks. consequently so are under the necessi ty of leaving oat one. and as it is convetnient for 'hem to attendl Plumbranch and Rehobt, we thought it best to give them no appointment. If this statement is uot satisfactory, we will try to ,ist them after the Association. Mr Udoer.-In contiexton with the above, you are requestedl to insert to your paper the t.ollowi ing no~ees oi other a ppointments. '.ix: lbe Ministering Brethren J. Trapp, and WV. S. Loyd. will attend At flamburg, on the Saturday before the 2d Lord's day in July, At Hardy's Meeting House. on the Saturday beier.- the 3d Lord's Day. A: M1.r Zion. on the Saturday before the 4th L.ord's Day. At Mt. Lebanon. on tbe Saturday before the 5th Lord's Day. At Republican, on the Saturday before the 1st Lord's [Day in August. .it Hours. Creek, on thec Saturday before the 2ind Lord's Day. At Red 11..on the Saturday before the 3rd Lord's Day. At Red Oak Grove, on the Saturday before the 4th Lord's Day. At Edgefield C. H.. on the Saturday before the 1st Lord's Day in September. Zedekiah Watkins, and Joseph Morrs, wiill attend At Paioe Pleasant, otn the Saturday before the 2d Lord's Day in July. At Bethel. on the Saturday before the 3d Lord's Day. At Cloud's Creek, on the Saturday before the 4th Lord's Day. At Lextngtotn, on the daturday before the 5th Lord's Day. At Sardis. on the Saturday before the is? Lord's Day in Augttst. At Salem. Ott the Saturday before the 2d Lord's Day. At Red Bank. on the Saturday before the 3d * Lord's Day At Dry Creek. on the Saturday before the 4th Lord's Day. At Rocky Creek, ou thie Saturday before the I.t Lord's Day in September. William P. Hill, and William Watkins will attend At Little Stephens' Creek, on the Seturdsy be'. fore the 2d Lord's [Day in Jtly. At Fellowshtp, on the Saturday .Lord's At S