Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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4iiW3, W.,'p !*pwihi~res. for the first three qua3terf. ' year, ajnoaut td:$4, 73.M6 P. The esponditmss for the ear, as estimated. will amount to fl0 U - thus naking a -wat of * (,05/0IO ; and leavndg Ot~~ WM rMontheestof J uary . Or the la of $1,oo000 , which was authoried by Conaresslt its late session -onlyl;,4 8111I=have been negotiated. The shortaes of time wthich iit had to run, has ptaid no inconiiderable impedi mamf i thwmayef Is being taken by capi tas sat bome, whiletie aeine cause would ba"e operated with much greater force in tfifo ntparket. For that reasou the srntt'~arket has not been resorted to; and it is now submitted, whether it would oot be advisable to amend the law by nia hink what remains unlisposed of, paya ble at a more distant day. - -bould it be necessary. ia:any view that Cco$ . s may.ttko otthe subject, torevie 'bsealmu tariffof duties, I beg leave to , ini- bo pcrformance of that most t opertion. mo4rate counsels woeqld sepss as 6e the wisest. The Gov - rmqsr, 1nder which it is our happiness t live, owes its existence to the spirit of compromise which prevailed among its fra mer-jarring aud-discordanst opinions could only have ben reconciled by that noble s d t of patriotism, which prompted con iatio,, and resulted in harmony. In the same spirit the compromise bill, as -it is coMmonly called was adopted at the ses sionoflS33 While the people orno per tiod of the Union will ever hesitate to pay all mecehsary taxes for the support of Gov exament, yet an innate repugnance exists. o-the mposition ofburthens not really no Cessay for that object. In imposing du tie, however, for the purposes ofrevenue, a right to discriminate as to the article on which the duty shall be Inl, an well as the fmobnt, necessarily and most properly exists; otherwise the Government would - be'placedf i# the condition of having to levy the same duties upon all articlks. the ~aodcive, as well as thunprualuctive. * slghtest duty upon some. M igut have -the efletof causing their importation to cease, whereas others entering excensively into the eonsumption of theetuntry, might boar the heaviest, without any siwifle di - minution in the amount importeAl. So also - the Govcrnment may be justifiod "n so dis criminatitna, by reference to other consid cr ations of domestic policy colpniected with our manufactures. So long as the duties .shall h Laid with.distinct refereuce to- the wants of the Treasury, .ns well founded objection can cxist,aaintst them. It might be esteemed de.irable that 1toftucl -ug mentatioo of the taxes should tal;e place at would have the etfect of annulling the land proceeds distribttiotract Of tie last session. which act is dlcclsred to be impera tive the mitnent the duties ar<- incrv.wtmd 'beyend 2 per cent, th-:.maximum rate establisbed-b.the compromi.* act. Samie .oftheprovisod fofthe compromiso act. which will gpviotmuefect on the 30th day.of lund next, may, bi*ever.-be found exceed lgv inconvenient in practictr, under - y ttins that Congefts g gpt . fr oe paiticularly t.#*alb atg td bome valuation. -Aditfireace m-'alue Sftthesame artiesto some extent, will. - ecssarilysexi5s different ports-buo hAg n when com -S ins hiValuation, which * 4 '14fl-atirrote the i1reienced 'of opinion among ihc numerous appraisers of murchadise. in many instances the esti mates of value must bc conjectual, antd thtus -as many differemt rates of valusqmay be es iablished ats thorQ are appraisers. Pbess dIferences ini valuation may also be iuere-s sed by the inertnation, which, without the a lightest imputation on their honegty, may arise on the part of the appraisers in favor oftheir respective portsol entry. I recomn - amend this whole subject to the considera tion of Congress. with a single addition al remark. Certainty and permanency in any system of governmuetmal policy are, in all respects, emimently desirable ; but more particularly is this true in all that elects -trade and commerce, the operations of which depend much more on the certainty of their returns, and calcualatiomns which embrace distant periods of timte, than etn high bounties, or duties, which are liable to constant fiuctuations. At your late session. I invited your at tention to the-condition of the currency and exchanges. and urged the necceity ofadop uing such measures a. wecrc consistent with the constitutional comnpceecy of the Gov ernment, in order to correct the unsound ness of the one, and as t'tr as practicable the inequalities of the other. No country can be in the enjoyment of its full mens ure of prosperity, without the presence of a medium of exchange, approximating to uniformity of value. What ise necessary asberween' the different natious of te earth is also important as bet ween the inhabi sants of different parts of the sameo coun try; with the Birst the precious mneta con * gtt the chief medliumt ofcirculation, amid such also would be the case as to the last. bat for inventions comparatively nmod era. which have turnished, in place of gold and silver, a paper circulation. I do not ppoeto enter toto a comparative analysis of temerits of the two systems. Such belonged more gpeperly to the period of the introduction of the paper systetm. The speewltave philosopher-might find induce * stents to prosecute the inquiry, but his re searches could only lead him to conclude. that the paper system hod probably better never have been introduced, and thai socie ty rg: have been much happier withtot it Tepractical statesman has a very diees task. to perform. lie has to look at things athey are-to take them as he finds them-so supply deficiencies, and to *puezgeesea as fler Os in him lien. The tas eI snhiug a corrective for derange ients ofthpe r medium with us, is al mast axissbygreat. The power ex ertad byds States to charter banking cor poratione, and which, havo been carried as agret ecess ha 61 the country * iih, in most of the Stases, an irredeema - bile paper medium, is an evil whieh, in some wgy or othber, requires a .corrective. -The rates at which bills of exehauge are -negotiated between. different parts of the entmry, furnish an index of the value ofthe lea substitute for gold and silver, which . ls,ln manyparts, so far depreciated, ausio t o be received,-eacept at a large discount, Jo! -that-bagtbao 0 ang Ilote"nicas Of rsuamtion, 6 follow the examyP oftli latW United-Sitet Bok of Pennsyl Iania, and go into.liquidatio..ruther-than -refusing to do so to continue embarras ients in tie way of solvem institution",, thereby augmenting the difficulties inci dent n the prosent condition of- thing. -Wheth er this Government, with duo re gurd to the r'-ghts of the States, has ally power to constrain the bauks, either to re sumespecie paymetts, or to force thelm iuto liquidation. is an inquiry which will not fail -to claim your cousideration. In :vtW of the great advantages which are ullowed the corporators, not among the least or which is the authority contained in, most of their charters, to make loans io'three times the amount of their capital, thereby orten deriving three times as much interest en the same amount of money as any indi vidual is permitted by law to receive, no sufficient apology can be urged for. a long continued suspeinsion of specio payments. Such suspension is producuveof the great esi detritnents to the public, by 'expelling from circulation the precious metals, and seriously hazarding the success of any e ron that this Government can make. to.in crease commercial facilities, and to advance the public interests. This is the mare to be regretted, and the indispensable necessity for a sound cur rency becomes the more manifest, when we retfect on the vast amount of the inter nal commerce of the country. Of this we have an statistics, norjust data for forming adequato opiions. But there can be no doubt, but thlait the amount of tronsportion coastu ise, by sea, and the trnusportetion inland by railroads and canals, and by itteamurboats aid other modes of conveyance, over the surface.ofour vast rivers and im maense lakes, and the value of property car ried and intercharged by these mean, form a general aggregate, to which the loreign commerce of the country. large as it is, tmakes hut a distant approach. In the abentco of any controlling power over this subj-ect. whichby forcing a gener al re.1ptitian of specie payments would at once have lite effect of restoring a sound medium tf czqihangc, and would leave .to the country but little todeaire, ureatncas ure of relief, falling within the limits of our constitutional competency. does it become tib Government to adopt? It was my palsfultduty at yourlast session, under the weight of mst solemn obligations, to dif fer with Congress tin the measures which it. proposed for mv approval, and which it dwo btless regardled as corrective of existing evils, Subselquet reaection, and events since occurring, have only served to con firi me in the opiaitons then cutertained, and frankly expressed. I must be permitted to add, that no scheme of governmental policy, unaided by individual exertions, can be available fIor anelinratitig the preoent conditii of things. Comimercial nmdestifexchange & a :;.od cuirrency, are but the necessary mclai of conmmerce and intercourse, not he direct productive sources'of weath. Wealth ci onlybe accumulated by the, earrings of industry and the avings of fiugality: & aothingai be moreill-judged Pihban to Iluik to faciliqs in borrowing,. or Io' dsiund:mnt circnfation for the power of disclsgiag pecuniary obligations. The country is full of resourcq and the people .full of energy. aal.the grt and perma neus remedy for preyeht, cmbtrrssaepts Iusit he observane ofrgood faith, and the favora ble. itnfuene ol timea. in pirsuaneo of a pledge-given toyu in my 1as meas'agg to Conecres, which pledgen I urge .as ano apology for alventurm to present you the dectails ot' anay plan, the S-ereary maf the Troasury will be ready to subnit to yo:. should you requoire it. a plan of finaice which, while it th rows tarou~nd the puolic treasure reasonable guards for its protcctio, andl rests oa powers ac knowled:;ed ina practice to exist from the origiu or t he Government, will, at the same time, furnmish to the country a sound pa per meadiuma anid alford all reasonable fun citites reguala:ing the E~xchanges. When submitted, you will perceive itn it a plan amnlatory of thme existiung laws in relation to the Tresury D~epartmenit-subordin ae in all respecis to the will of Congres dhircly, anid the will of the pecople indi retlyt self-sustaininag~should it be found ina praec iee to realixe it. promises in theory. and1 raeetlable at the pleasurein of Congress. It proposes by effectual restrainats, and by invoking thre true spirit of our institutions, to separate the pursu froum thme sword; or more properly in speak, denies auny other cotrai to the President over the agents who many lie selected to carry it into exccu tio, tbut what may ho indispensahly ne cessary to secure the fidelity ofauch agents; and, by wise regnilatiouns. keeps pluinaly apart from from eatch other, private andl publlic lfuids. It contcemplates the estab lishent of a lioard of Control, at the Seat of overcment, witha agencies at promi naent commtterncial poinats, or whecrever else G X~taress shamll direct, for the safe-keeping adsursemnent of the public moneys, and a sub~stituationi, at the optiotn oh the pub lic creditor. of Treasury nloes, in lieu of gold and silver. It proposes tuo limim the issue',e tan amount Dot to exceed $15, O00,000--wit hoot the express sanachiohi of tre Legh-lative power. It also authorizes the receil't of individual deposits of gold aid silver to a limited amount, anti the granting certificates of deposit, divided in to such i~umns as may be called for by the depositors. It proceeds a step further, and authorizes the purchase and sale of Do mestic Bills and drafts, resting on a real and substantial basis, payable at bight, or having hut a short time to run, and drawn on places not less than one hundred miles apart-which authority, except in so far as may be necessary for Government purpo ses exclusively. is only to be exerted upon the ex press condition, that its exercise shall not be prohibited by the Stato in which the agency is situated. In order to cover thte ex penses incident Ito the plan, it will be authorized to receive moderate premiums for certificates isstued on deposite, and on bills bought andl sold, and thus, as far as its dealings extend, to fttrish facilities to commercial intercourse at the lowest posuih!e rates, andi to sub duct from the earning.: of industry, the least possible sum, It uses the State Banks at a distance from the agencies. as auxiliaries, without imparting any power such nards attdres r~ 6ppear ed to necessi -0ihj Ett bf law, ndexisiionlTat t ofthe leg.slature. 1ist.adi t eitoal specie basis, 1 iwdero notes at the places of I perotis redundancy.of ci dv no temptntion to- apocula tetlid by no inflatioa of pril-es - e in its operatwtion- akes the - Notes. %-hich it may use nlosig W- cirtiG ctes of deposit, and tlie i *pecic paying bauks-convesibl iit place where collected, rceivable jaent of Goveriment de&-and, w viola ting any principle of the Col *ffuirds the Government and she Stch fa cilities as are called lfr by wants of both. Such, it has appear , mte, are its recommendations, p d I w of ifem it will be submitted, wh Von may require it, to your considera I am not able-tn perceive ny fair and candid objection can , aa jst the plan, the principalotiai which I have thus presented. I can ubt but that the notes which it pmo furnish, at the voluntary option ofr blic credi tor, issuediin lieu of the x * .;nd'it certificates of deposit, wiPt nintained at an equality with gold-an er, every where. They are reded' Iinold and silver on demand, at the p sne. They are receivable ever in ly Ment of Government dues. Tbe reasu ry notes .are limited to an a oet of one fourth less than the estita ana4al re ceipitsof the Treasury; adid ition they rest upon the faith of the U ramet for their rodemption. If a, assuraices are not sufficient to maki& available, then the idea, as it seems l r forn- I isbing a 'ound paper media 'f exchan ges, may be entirely abaon . If a fear be indulged tlia -' Govern ment may be tempted to -rt 'ino excess in its issues, at any fuinre d it seejns to me that no such apprehens can.. be rca sonably enterrainodt util nfdence in the representartves of th and ofthe peopl, as. well -as of th le them elves, shall be lost, The ticsi co- I Id rinious of policf require the -re straints now pr'oposed to h t a around, the measure should not i t eagses be removed. To arpue aga y propo sed plan its-liability to abuse, is to reject every expedient a every thing lepedent tn human acuo is .liable to buse, Fifteen tillions ii ury antes mnay be issued as thea, ,*but adis wretionary power is tIo l to -tho board of Upotrol, under tl and every consideration will-unitel og them to reel their way with cautiop, or the eight rst years of the exisletnsi o late bank oftbe United CStates, isc r a barely exceeded $4,000, -five of its most. prosperous years, a.bouLequil to 1,000,000; furthermo anthorty given, to receive privated to a him-. red amount, and to tsua ates in uch sums as may be caI'd bytho de positors, may so far Gilu channels of irculation as greatly to-.. e' ne esiiy of any cousider ofTrens ary notes. A restint u e amount D private deposit.s las o be indis pensablynere alon thoughrto be-w I fl s nt any irnrgeuy of-trad@ p~ "-mi-ht be o arbhiken n ti . u Ce.-i withdrawal from them ;I depos swit~i viewto 9 nable nena, which ight prove emjsently disas rousi tu the Stato Banks. IIit objected hi it is ropo~cd toa athiebs the -agea: ieso deal in bills of exchange1 It is an swered, that such dealiugs are to be carri edl on10 atlie iowest possible Jremaiumn-are nade to rest on su tinquestionably sound asi-are designed to re-imburse merely the xpenses wvhich would otherwvise do volvo upon the Trreaury, and arc int strict mordination to the desision of Supreme Louri, in, the case of the Bankc of Augusta gaint Earle, and oilher reported cases; ad theretiy avoids all conflict withI State risdiction which I holdl to be indispetnsa ly requisite. It leaves the banking privi leges ol the States without interference looks to theTreasury and the-Union,-and, while furnishing every facility to the first, is careful of the interestsof.the last Eut so all, it is created by law,..is amoeda ie by law, and is repealable by law ; andl wedded as I am to no theory, but luoking olely to the advancement of the paublic urge its repeal, it it be found not to sub serve the pu'rposes and objects for wich it may be created. Nor will the plan he sut,. mied in the overweening confidence, an uilcacy of my own judgment, but wialh much relbance on the wisdom and patriot im, of Congress. I cannot abandon this subject iihout urging upon you, in the most emuphatic manner, whatever may be your action on the suggestleons which I have felt it to be my duty to submit, to re lieve the Chief Executive agagistrate by any and all constitutional means, from a controlling power over the public Treasu ry. If. in the plan proposed, shatuld you deem it worthy of your consideration, that separation is not as complete; as you may desire,you will, doubtlesi, amend it im that particular. .For myself. I dilelaim all de sire io have any contr-ol over the public moneys, othot than what is indispensably necessary ,to execute the laws which you may pass. t$or can I fail to advert, in this connec tion to the debts which nmany oftheJ States of the Union have contracted abroad, and under which they continue to labor. That indebtedness amounts to a sim not less than $20,000,000, and whiih has been retributed to them, for the most part, an works of internal improvemeet, which are destined to prove of vast importatnce in ul tma telv advancing their prosperity and wealth. Far the debts thud contracted, the States are alone regponsible. I can do no more than express the belief thai each State willfeel itself bound by every consideration of honor, as well as of inter est, to meet its engagements with puncttu ality. The failure, however of any one State to do so should in no egree inf'ect the credit of the ret; and the foreign capi ttalist will have no just cause to experi ene alarm as toall other State stocks, be cause any one-or more of the States may neglect to provide writh punctuality the means of redeeming their en' gemnents. Even such States, abould Ibye be any, considering th groat etaredl wit which thot' resources are developingthemselvet wit notail to have the mnains. at nuo vcry dtlliatt day, to retteem -heir oblientions to thoeuttermost(-arthihgt nor will I doubt but that in -view o( that honorable condpel which has evermore governed thm Stites, and t4mPople ofthis Union. they will each ant all resort to every legitildate expeli tnit. before they will lbrego a (nit hful coim piance with their obli:ations, From the report of the Secretary of War, and other roportt accompan)irg it, you will be iuformed of the progress which has been made in the fortilicattons desigon ad fur the proteetion-of our principal cities roadsreads, and iolacd frontier. during the present year: together with their true sia te and condition. They will be proseceued tip, completion witi all the expedition which the tneans placed hy Congress at the dis pusal of the Executive :ill allow. - I reeonmend particularly to your con-ii-lera tiit. that ltiruon oftie Secretary's report which proposes the establishment ofa chaini of miilita ryposts, from Council Bluffis to soitmme poot en e Pacific Ocean. within our limiti. The hen elit thereby destined to accte to our citizens ongaged iii the fnr trade, over that vilderne='m region, added to the importance of cittivalting" friendly i-elations with ,avage tribes inhabiting it, an at the same time of iving prtectiol to our fironier setliment., and of establishing th1e mean1s orafe inercouro betweenm the Amenrani settlements at the mouth of the Cohnnhia river. and those on this side of tihe Rocky Alountainms. would seemin to suggest the importance of cai ry ing into effect the recommendatmi:% upon thi head with as little delay as may be praticable. The report of the Secretary ofrthe Navy. wili place yen in posseossismo of the present condition orthat important arr of the mional efeea. PEvcry e'rt will be made to add to its efficien tey, and I canmnot too tr'mngly urge uon yon. lberal appropriations tp that brmnch oftlhe p1ub. lie service. Inducemaents of the weightiest char acter eisat for the adoption of this course of o icy. Our extetaled and otherwiwe expojsed maritime frontier. cal!- for protection . to the fir nishing of which an eaicientt naval force i'm sin dispensable. We look to nt hfreign cinesis'. nor do we propAe to enter into ccumipetiteinl with alty ot er nation for supremacy iln the Ocean,-buit it iq dte iot nary to. the honor, hNt to the secnrity ofthie People of tlhi Unite-d St::tes that no nation should he, pennitted to invedo uar waters at pleasure, and subhject our :.wits and villages to conflagrntionr or pillagn. Economy in all branches orthe public service, is due froujn all.tha public agentts to the people-bhnt parsi. mony malone wtotld suggest tle withholding of thet necessarv ttmeAns, far the protection of our domestic firides from ivitaion,. and onr na tional honor from diAgr.ce. I would momt earn estly recomnineid to Congress. tam ab-tain fron all apropriations. for objects notabsolutely ne resary: btt I take upoma inymilf. without a tmio nent ofhe-itancy. moll the responisibility of rt coutetimmeding the increase and lmrompt eqip ment of that y allant Navy. which 1m3:t lighted upj every .sea I.th as victories, and spread nu it perishable glory over the country. Tne report of tio Potmaster Genieral will claim your particnlar attentiont. out only be case of the valuable suggestions which it con tlaits, but boecause of the great importance which, t all times, attaches to that interesting branch of the public service. The increna-d expense of tmtittporng the mittail aoing the principle routes, necessarily claim.' the pmblic atteition, and has awakened a corresponding solicitude on the part of the Govertnment. The tranauti:-! ion of the uad oitanst keep Iace with theme l:car ties oh inter-communication which are every day. beotut;ig greatr tinough the buildisi; of railrads, and the application of t.-n m power but if ccanot be dieguised that, ina order to do. so, the Poutslhice Departmeti is sutljected to heavy exactions. The lines -of commutittiittion between dislant parts ofhme Union,are t# a great xteu, oticupied by railroads, which, in the ana tr of lmigs pussess a completa moinpoly, K1tc 4oepaumnt is therefore liable to heavy .. -& I -..h e-I....amr rA..g0est4 d to great increase in inture, ail asomne timely mmeame ma:'y becomen necessary to guard againtst I feel it my dttty to bring utider yomur consider tioni a pramcttco.wnhich has grownm up in the ad minimstramtum of the Guverunmenm, antd winuch, I tom ...ecply cotnvinictd, onmeht to be colrrcte~d. I haice t ie e xercise ofi tim powter. n hielb ueigo, rather tat reamsont, has vested inm tse I'remeents, dl remountag menm.. benuts froa utfice, in ordler tto mbmute mthers amore tm Etvor wimtm thme adomi ment party. .My ownt condultct, an thiis repect. tas beenm governem.d by ma conscientionts im pose~ ins eext-rise thme .-emiovi pe, on-'.mm l mC-aseS it numttsatumineass or inmuhity, ormim thmosem in~ whmich Is exerciase aippearedl nee-.-ary, inmrder to dim. :amnntemnance anmd mmupless thamt synmit of aCtive patitmashp mon the part oft holders mof otlice. whicm nmot onlmy withmdrawm thmemn froam time sicta ly anmd tmnparnal dismchaamge of thieir otlic:ial du mtes, but exerts utn ummdmue atmd :njmurimmmm tflu. ,uce over eetoms, amnd dlegrade thme ch.racter afume Gomvernmment stself, iasmuchl am at exht bits thme Uniefi .i::gmtr.tm, as bensmm a party, lhrught is agti ,. inm time ecret pmlotm mir opentt woritngs oht potica~t piartis. Ini respect tom time exeacmse omf thmis power. no thitng sioutlad be ll tin dt,.crenom, wichr may mity be reguilated by law t anda it iin of high tall p~rt.ice tmm reistramim, tam far ats poemlkk-, thme msimn aus ot pierna~l initerts in pubbiem electmons. Consderimmg the great intcreasem whmich has beeni winde tu ptmbc ollices, ttn thme Ia't meinrer ol a :entry, and tihe probability of brtiser acerea..e, wve incur tbe iiar~mrd mof wimtnessing viomlenmt pmolil e~a, comies. ,iasectedI too ottenm to thn aiingl Icbu ct -l retamimg odice,' by those uhio ae omit. Under thet minmnence of th ee convictionms, I shall conmttlly conicur tt ammy contimttiord., ineasmure - for remguilting, im hby regulatinmg, re.-:nnning, theO powler ol rsmomvaml. I sulggeist lair youtr cmonsiderationt, thme prop~rie - ty fumaing withoumt I'irthmer delay, somie ,.pcci tie mppllrationl of tume tundam dem ived muder te wt mu ofilhr. dnimson, of Emmglamml. for thme ditfu Sio afknowhedge ;amnd whmichm ha~ve, hearetmoo, beetn veated in puabltc stocksm, atmtl inch time as Congress shlotnid thmk proper t e give thtenl: a specIfic diretctioa Near will ymum. Ifee.l conta dnt, peremit any abuatemnent of thme prnincipail of the legacy to be made, mhonid it tutrn oumt thcat the ttocks, mintwhich thei invte.'tments have beenm made, have underiSgoneO a depreciatonm. In conacluaio:. I contnnenmd toyouir carat the ini eremats of thtis Distric', foar whmich yon are: thme eclusito legislators. Coinaidersun;: thamt this city is te residemnce of the Goavernmeneit, and, for a large part of time year, oaf Congress. amid. consaid1-I crg also, thme great cost of time Pubbetm laiaimngas. ad thae propriety of afomraditg hmeim at all ams carefuml protectionlit seemu1 nalt unmrasomiable thatm Congress should caantrlmnem tovwdm. the ex pese ot ua ediicietnt piuice -~ N'JLR Irashinmgton, December 7. k-lI. Georgia andS Newr York.-We cops from the Auigustta Constitutionulist1 of D ecembher 7, thmo followinig M\essage of Governor MDalud, totuching tmaners of general iterest to the Suth: EXE~CUT .VE DE~PA WRMENTI, ? Milledgeville, December 1.,IS811. - WVithi my message of the 2d ult., I hadl iihe honor to comnmunicate to you the copy adf a correspondence wvithi thet Goternmor of New York, relating to a demnand which I had made upon himu. for thme arrest and de livery of Jonhn Greenmatn, a fugitive from the justice ofrthis State, charged with thme tenyo an slave. nton the ntlidaait of, Robert W. Flournoy. A a uperu f Court-of Chathm- county. heid after, the makine. of the aflidavit by lr,- Flournoy, John (4reetau was indicted (' Ihis of fence by the namo of Alansou (ireetinan.. i nOtne iAuseiic by him,' doubtless to es cape 'detection. To remove the difficorlty and scruples of the Gi vernor of New. York,. in relntion to the sufficiency of the chargo containled iii the aiffidavit, I renewed the demand, bnsed upon the indictment, a copy or which, aithenticated as reqjuired by the Act of Congress. w7as transativted. You will perceive, from the correspondence, a copyQ which is herewith transutitted, that another pretext has been raised by Gover nor Sewarl for evnding the performince fit' hii colstl Ili ionl oligations. Itis pro tended by him that the hill of indictmtent is dcl'eive, and he has undertaken the office 4f counsel for the nccused, by taking untenable technical cceptions to the pro. credings, I have answered hiem, as you will perceive, but I have been long si ce coaiviniced that it is unnecessary to address either argu-'ent or reason to hii under standinge, or to remind hw'. of the necessi ty of c(cuting. in good faith, according to the letter nid spirit, the wiset provisions of tie COinsitutiiou, boy which the States are eunabled, in riving eliciency to their crint inal laws. to Inaituain the peace and1l safe ty of society. While lie declines complying with my dumand. on tie ground of a pretended ie ect in the indictment, ie indicates the in ientiyn,in nouequivoctl terms. iibould his olijecions to our judicii proceedings h e overcome, to sustain his refusal on princi pics no less unworrantedl by the Constitu tion, thsat ol'ensive to the peOpI of ihis State. There shotl he no longer delny inl set w!ihng authoritatively the unauner iu which fitives from justice are to tie delivered, %% bet they are found in anotherjurisdiction. CongrCss has tho unqussctionable athority under the Constitution. to regulato this mntter,and it is clearly the duty of the Gen - erndi Government to cause fugitives from justice, who escape froin the Stte in a hich the crimi was committed. anid are ound its anotheir, to lie dclivered up, upon the demand of the Executive authority of the State having jurisdiction of the oTeice. But inasmuch as the mode provided by Congress, for discharging this high obliga. tion to the States, so essential to the safety of society. and liesecurity of propertyhas proved inlliaeciousi, and as no disposition is manifested by the Federal Government to remedy the defect, the subject is of sof ficient importance to justify a Convention of the States, to take it into consideratioc. But we should not defer, for a moment, the adopiion of measures for our own safe t y. The regulation heretofore recoumeni ded by me, would ensure the safety of our property, and prevent alt interference with our slave population. Any other consti tional measure, however, which your wis dom may suggest, as expedient and prop er, for the attainment of these desirable ohject,'shall have my concurrence. CHARLES McDON-ALD. EDGEFIELD C. HI WDIotSDAY. D)ECEMBER A 1841. '7U President's isasewe.-We mat nece. sry eld.sargepiti Wo-wselnee4 mater to-day, in order to make room for the Me0ag of the President. We doubt mit that our readers wilt peruse it with interest, as it treats of imany matters of high itmportance, in th present peculiar condition of our country. With portions of this State paper, we must con fess we are pleased, what other portions do. not meet our apaprobatiuin. The mosst imptortanut 411jcts of which it treats, are our Foreign rela tions, the Taritf. and Fiscal Agency. Whilsi .r. Tyler speaks of our rielaaios wadh other rehatie-s, with whom wohiave trentier, lied. e~b more)f particularlyl arid earnesths.on die conduct which Gireat Brit.tn has been plea'cd to. a. sine towards our government. Tlhe President ,peaks with some show of spirit. of thne arrogansi a~ssuptions ioftthia gos ernmient. anid of her treat. ment tof the priopory of our citizens sailing on the hight seas. G Britaiin cnums the righit to '.i and --taini re-,els sailhng under the Amecrican lag. anda engagetd in prsecutring lawful com., merce ont thea Airicain u:s. Mr. Tyler paresa-e this grat e matter, upon the attention ofCosnnress. bunt hrops dhat this ditscenky in commiioni ithd oters wvhich have been long penaditng, witl he aiacblty :adj ustedt betw een dae two governmenlts. We fear not. Dsflieniaxes bciween rte twii contritnes are hourly ines-reasnig. Great Britain hrrghi tier inions, tias in seve-ral iinstanceu claimed the right and does e.xercise it, to the pre snt hour, ofhbherating all such of our shuares ti my by accident, or any other cause, be landed on territory over n icih shte holds jmsiisdiction This of itielf, is cause fo r war, anid as we have said in former occasions, can niever be tamely saubmitted to, This matter muatst be settled leon. orubly tons, or a collisiuti bet wenn Great Britain ade onr governmett wall be die itneitable re. aslt lBnt a stnort time siince, the miail brought ss intligensce, that a cargo of ahaes ott board of an Aesrican vessel. fromni icalnond, Va., arid hotitd for New Oirleanas, whtile ont at sea, mtait, aied anad tmurdered several white persons ott board. anid comipehled die crew to c-arty them toe as Britsh port. Whsen they arrived there, they were liberated by the Britnsh authorities. This adds anthier stems to the black caizalogne of Biri, ts itva,,ions iif te rights ot American citizents, ur Siouthierni nuetirs cannot too carucatty. ares thi< subject upton thec attention of Con grss, and deniandl that atipie sndemsnity be mtade y rihe British governmsenit. But we will no enlacrge uipon this saubject, and haten~t to speak o1 ansther imaportanit mnatter ofC which rte Me7 saagt tr-ats. Wee nliie to the l-iscatlity. The P're-i. dent reite-raltes hai objections to a Nation-d Batik ir corporations. We judge froma his M1ewage that he will rnever sign any bill on the subhject ni the currency which is not repealable at tii pleasure of Cogress. We consider a Nationia Baik then, suchs as thse Whligs desire, as is facto dead, so l'asg as Johni Tyler shall d well is: the Wehite H oase. So far, very good, whate-os tony be onsr objections to thse plans to be piresent ed y the Sec'etary of the Treasurry, andI ditnty ..:...W,-.d forth in the M'irsace. That we an ouiaeprevs~aue'rreiosat, we herm-tu l.om a portion of is romarkis upon the pian of the Fiscal Agency which be proposs. - it contetnjlttes the esettahhneat ofa Boda of Cottrol, at the Seat of Governmmenr. with ggeles, at prouiert coDinemercial ponsts, or whevercginUongrewsil direct, fir the safr' kippigih4 distarseent.o. public montys. * Vnd;i4snbstitution; at tdie opion of tew blie creditet,f4Preasury noti,, its lien of &. And iirver. 41 prooses to limit the isse Si amount ie 15,h.000IOD-without-he capress sanehen -of the Legdatve poer. It also authorimes the recoipt of individal iepo sits of gold and iei!ver to a limited amontit, ad the granting cerificates of depoit, divided into such sun as may be called for by the.depoui tors. It proceeds a step farther, and asthorizes the: purclasc an sale of Domestic Bills and dratj, itingfon a real and substanula basis, payable at sight, or having but a short'time to run,. and drawaaon pLacesnot lots thn oneo bun dred miles apArt-which authority, except in go far as may beecesesa for Government par Pose exclusivey, is onytoube. e"*rod a athe express conedition. that its exernue.dliot be prohibited by the State in which the agency is situated. Ins order to cover the e-zpcnses incideut-to tiur phain, it will be nuithnaized to received moderatir lreutunius rot certilicates issucd on depositk and on ill1 bonghit and sold. and ths, as far as tin dealings extend, to frnMish facilities Oeem mercial itercourm. at the lowE#t poible in4;. and 10 saladect friom the earning of indt the lCast poUssiblei sun:. It uaaet theState ON*& at a distance for the agencies, a, auxiliaries, without imparting any power to trade-in its name. It i subjected to such guards and cil - Itraine as hav apieartd to be ncess ; I ii., the creature 4&law. and zexise only At t plea sure of thelegistlaure. I smd ors na actual spreie laais. i t ordr to redeehm Loen at the plaues et inue-produces no danmgeroa relundancy oi circulatiot;-affords no temeta tion to .peeulation-is attended by no inat-ua If pices-i cgnable in its oration-nakes the Treasury No wich t may use A with the eertificates of deposit, and the notes 0o specie-paying Ibnks-converible at tb Iams where collected, receivable in'paymene' Go vornnent dues-and without violati M! prg. eiple of the Constitution, al'ords 7W Tovern;. nut and die people such railiti -ar e-calet' for lay the wntni of btl Sneh. it has appeated to me, at e its recoosendatons, and in viewA ( ditem it will be seubinitted. whenever you may requirn it, te your coneideratio' -. Our readerts will perceive thatthoa plan o4bp Pre-idcnt, is one of paper money, borrowing something from the Sub-Treasury.; All exp, rience proves, that paper money sehemes efi nsance are liable to the most'daugeroua abuse, Tis true, that the President proposes, t lmUit the issues " to an amount not to exceed Sien millions of dollars, without the express xsieien or die legislative power." But iis certadn,that in a asot t period. numerous approprlatiais uad divers salhialh sclieines got up by Mesabe of Congress, and the clamours of Swtats, itctig for public money. wounldJdAce Congress to add many millions more, and them ia'a little time. the country would be Uhadedwithb wori lem. irredeemable currency. The Presidet' however. does not urge his scheua.very warm ly, and seems to care but little abour it. ta the meantime ve will patiently wait, to see what other plan the Whigs will adopt, shbialdithey reject dint which will be offered bysheSesuta ry of the Treasury. For whnorroo..wfa not say any thing mor on the other subjects embraced in the Messagp. Christmas.-This soao of t xatioti ad good feeling, is rapidly isp ru4hiIg; and warn-our friends in time to p it. time has been when it cominhy~iDin French say; and various spechiieaemet. -Dut all this has passered away; sed''.iisu an now wears a cokd, dull, and-atihucial aspeer. We are no friends to dissipation, bt-we-~can not help looking back withyomsgbs*Iirhe many evenings which we spent in uhe-odsu time with: the bonnme lasses. in the jtadiouu, Cheristmua holidays. Tenspers MNatz,- hat we hope, that some fri,-nd will-nvite vs, devils and all. to a Christmas Dinner. If any onetas Isuch an: intention, we recomtmend him to pro vial. is table with a quantity of geed things, -ach1 a, are to be fonnid at the Girocery or friend .it ic.s. Althioui.h Temperance-tnen, the way we woueld drink Champagnie and masticate the savory 'jands of our host. Mould be a cation to gourmands. Lrcuasaure.-l're ions' tee the adjournment of theis beody. which was on the night of the i th in.,tant, the following eletioni'took plae:~ Geneiaral Jamiee W . Catetey, re-elctaed -Adjv taut Generral. F. II. Ehinore. President of the State Bank. and the following gentlemen Dire'ctors: C. T. I..t.n tites WV A Carson. J. S. Dowie. T. Bar'. .'. I. Caldetell. WV. C. Dukes. M1. T. Men denhlall, A. McDonald. J L. Nowell, D. C. Wehh, W. 31. Lawtoii. HlallT. McGee. 3. W. Yai borough. Esq., die senior editor of the H~amburg Jotranl, and for senme years past, the etnergetiac Postmasater of that town, gives notice in: the Journial of the 16th inst.. of his in lien of resigning the situation of Postmaster, 'lThe gentlemuanly deported of Mr. Yarborough, sice lie has filled that office, lhae, we are eaurt an, gaine~d him the well wishees of all with wheom, in that office, lie has had any dealings, and we hope the goceranent, in selecting his successor, may keep an eye single to the wishes Iof the, business part of the inhabitants of the thriving town of Hanborg. More Bank Defalestions.--The good people of' lHoseon, or rather the moneyed institutions of State Street. lhave head a systemt of financiering Ipraictised ameong thern of' h:te. whichl although it dhiplayed some ingetinly, was contrary to the trute principles of hon:esty and "fair deal inzg." It napeana theat the Teller of the Esgie Banak, 11. II. Odiorne, lead allowed certain bro 2kora;; e onsee in the city to overdraw to the amunit of ftay or sizmy thousand dollur., andi not satistied wide that, probably thinking it as we!! to "gon th:e whole tigure" while his hand wvas itn. ale- "cevrtit' or marked "good," -rhecke of one. of the firma which be had per mintted to ove'rdraw to the amotut of sitee thousand dollars more. Perhaps Mr. 0. was tnen alone in this rnnttear. bust it is said that the E lank will probably lose from twenity'4ve to forty thousaned dollars, which will nto doisht in suare tee the Teller him -'walkiagr peer" if .nota comnmittal to the "iron Lbensaske' built forihe ,reep;..., of such chaneters. It is altQsaakf