Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Fron the Plough Boy. PROCEEaDtes or THE CAMBtIDOE AGat CULTURAL SOCIETY. CANRIDGE Aug. 6th, 1841. Pursuant to adjournment. the Ciam bridge Agricultural Society this day met, the President. Gen. Gillam, called the So ciety to order, the Secrotary called the roll &read the proceedings of The last meeting. The President. then enquired if there vas any business before she Society. on motion, by Col. W. Brooks, a door 'Was opened for the admission ofnew timm borwinto the Society. Mr. Thomas Cheatham and Captain Bean Griffin, were proposed by some memb of the Society, unannnously elocted, subscribed their names to the Con. atitution, and timk their seats as umembers o.the body. Mr. Thomas Griffin and Dr. Stewart were then proposed, elected, subscribed to the Constitution, ani took their seats as members of the society. The.President, then called for Reports from the Committees. Dr. S. V. Cain being The chairman ofthe committee on Cotton, arose and read the report; the President enquired what disposition should be made of the report. It was moved that the re - portbe aepted.-Accepted. -The committee on Corn was next called on to report. the Chairman, Colonel W. Brooks, arose, read the report. and.after some remarks in opposition to the anode of preparation, the report was accepted. .The Committee on Oats was called on to report; the Chairman, stated that one of tbp committee had left the State, and hav. tng bad no interview with the balance of the committee. reported progress and begged leave to siI again. It was then requsated -by the chairman that the President add another to the committet, upon which Standmore Brooks was ad-ed. The committee on Cattle bein. next in - order wascalledon the chirmun reported progress and asked and obtained leave to sit again. The committe on Hogs was then enlIed on; reported pro-.ress throng)h the. r chair man, asked and obtained leave to sit annitin The committee on Manure throu:gh their chairman reported progress, asked and ob sained leave to sit again. The committee, whose duty it was, to ex tractand prepare for publication such parts, of seports as in their view of the contnittee mightseem expedient, was called on; the committee through their chairman, repor ted that they had falailled the duties assidn ed them. - It was moved that the report on Cotton be reconsidered and laid open for discussion. After being discussed at considerable length,.nod objections being had to some clauses; the President enqauired if it was desired that any portion should be stricken out, there being expressed. It was moved that the report be accepted as it then stood. It was accepted. Col. W. Brooks requested to offer a res olution to award premiums. and while the resolution was preparing, the corres pending secretary requested to read let ter from the State Agricultural Society. Af . er reading the letter, the President enquir. ed what action-the society would take on the correspondeoe On motion the correspondence was laid -moto b Brookordere-1 lion of the society. On motion, ordered thant three standin~ committees of three each, be appointed, one on Agricultutral Imp lemnents, one on root Crops, antd one on Horticulturc. On motion, ordered, that the P'resident appoint these commsit tees at his leisure. An enquiry was made, if tte visitintg committee was prepared to report, a incm her of that commit tee arose, atnd stated tat tiot having seetn the chairman thereof since thseappointmnent, and his not being present,. he presumed that the cnmmittee was tnot prprdto report. On motion, ordered, thast the committee be excused under the existing aciitaln ces.-Exacused. On motion, ordered, that Messrs. TI. Cheatam and WV. Andrews be added to the visiting commaittee. A Qxere was then offered to the society for consideration, with a request that the society would take somec action on it atnd report'at the next meectintg. Quere. WVhat is the comparative difTer ence betweena the value of human labor and horse labor with us. and how shoanld it be apportionced to successful tillage ini a Corn and Cotton crop. On motion, ordered that the Presidhent appoint a committee of five to act upon it a and report at the next mteetinig of the soci ety. The cafnmtitaee a ppointed cntst, .of Messrs. Rt. C. Griflin, lleury Grillit, J. A. Stewart, J. W. Coleitan and Juhns Foy. A Resolutiotn then offered lhv Dir. Catin. Resolved, Thtat the President of ghi, Society at each quarterly mseetitne, shasll name two or three agricukural subjaet,, for familiar conversation. andl thlast eacht member be requested to give the result of. his observation and experienced otn the -same without the restriction of the 'by. law. Suhjects detailed as ramniliar cotversat iotn. The comparative vatlue of htumtan anid horse or mule labor for Agrienitural pur The merits of the high and hoe prepara tion for Cotton. The practicability of diminishing the guantity of land usually planted to corn with us. On mosions ordered that Col. WV. Brooks ' b added o the committee of five on the -Dr. S., V. Cain then asked leave to offer a resolution. . - Resolved, That the Treasurer of the society be authorised to pay out the sur plus Tunds in the Treasury, to th'e amount aueurredfor the fitting up ti rom, for the accommodation of the society. Allopted. On motion, ordered, that this meetinag when it adjourn., do adjouarn an meet again on the first Friday in November next at 11 o'clock. On motion, ordered, that the Secretary. prepare for publication the proceedinigs of '-tihis meeting, and forw ard the samne to the -Editor of the Plough [Boy. - Ordered. Moved that this society do now adjourn, Adjorne. R CouLr n e ted withou Jm ployment ofextraordin - ary means. urrency of the country becamnO sound,ifnd the negotiations inl the exchanges 'e carried on at the lowest possible rat The circulation was in creased to mo Ian 822,000,000, and the notesof the b* were regarded as equal to specie all ov. the country; thus show ing, almost lusively, that it was the capacity to d 'n exchangcs, and not in local discounts hich furnished these ft cilities and ntages. It may he re marked, too, t it notwithstanding the itn mense transacna of the bank in the pur chase ofexchate, the losses sustained were merely nomin* while in, thle line of dis conuith the suts ded debt was enormons, and proved mi isastros to the hank anid the country. ..power of local discoutit ha, in fac't, pied to a fruitful source of favoritism at 'rruption, alike destructive tu the public rals and to the general weal. The capitak vested in banks of discount in the United. -es,created by the States, at this time cee' s $250,000,000; and if the discountinghif local paier could have produced anyanefeial ef'ects, the United States ottght tWpossess the soundest cur enrcy in the wd'ld; but the reverse is la mentably the -it. I- the mtea now tinder consideration, of the objecti' ble character to which I have alluded?' t is clearly so, unless by the 16th run ental article of the i1th 'section. it is ea otherwise. That article is in the follow words: "The direcibs of the said corporation shall estallisha ine conpoete-nt otnice of dis count and deposit in any State in which two thousand ibures shall have been sub scribed, or m be held. whenever, upon appliention of oeh State, Congress may by law reqoiW*he snme. And the said directors mnay. liso establish one or nore competent oli -of liscount and deposit in any Terri - r bistrict of the United States,. and in 'State, with the assent of such State : av. when established, the said office or allicsiball be only withdrawn or remoinved Ify isaid directors prior to the expiration of thl charte.', with the previous aseent of Con 9: Provided, in respect to atty State h shall not, at the first session of the islature thereof, held af ter the passage this act, by resolution, or other usual le lative proceeding, uncon ditionally assector discnt to the esinblish ment oruch 4tfice or offices within it, such assent of tse said State shall te there after presuiedp And provided, nererthe less, That whepever it shall become neces sary and propd.- for carrying into execu tion any of ti powers granted by the Constitution. tostablish maofllice or otfices, ip any of t he Sja'tes wh and the es tablibaut th shh rer.ted by shall 'ehe duty d direc stablisl such o ac C PH be aW that are iaesed w blish ajlirancb i edits ot; such 'anch. with dwo, . Su assent ave t exp to a to which th Legislaure held after this ac, uncondit- or dissent to the es tablishmeot o such'office or offiees wi assent ogsad State, tamed."-The sedincmon de at~'i be tpLie upo4 my tlme Ihere *establish rds lie wit .' y F Congress. wrshat e cause which te with tare, whici - 'prevents it from 'speaking,or addresseuitself to its win domto induee delay, its assent is to be im pied.n "'This iron rule is to give way to no circumsatances.-t is unbendin.1 and intlex ible-. It is thie language of the master to thre va~sal-anr tunenttditinntan answer is clanimedi forthwith. an rd delaty, piost pone -tenit, or mocapa-city to aniswer, produices ;at imp ;lied anssent, whiebc is ever irrevoca brle. 'rlanvt of tbe Stre elections have al ready~ takent place, wsithout atny kinowledlge, on the part of the l'eople. than such a qunes. tion was to cotme up. Thie rephreentatives mayl d'(esire a submriionr uof the iluestion tol thteir contstitutents pireparatorry to titnal ac till upon it, but this hri;;h priv"ilege is de nied : whatever may hre the motives and view1s entertained by thre liepre-,ennttve of the people to induce dhehut, their assent is to he paresumed, atnd is ever afterwards hrindiinag, nless their dissent shall be un counditiotnally expressed at their first ses sion after the passagte of this bill into a law. They may, by formal resolution, dleclare the question of assent or disseot to lbe nudtrecidedl and postponed; and yet, in ojpnsitin to their express tdeclaration to the cotntrary, thteir assent is to be implied. Cases innumerable might be citedl to mran ifest nternirrationatity of'such art inference. Let oine or two in addition sullice. 'The popular branch of the Legislature may cx-' press its dissent by an unaunmous vote, and its resolution may he defeated by a tie vote of the Senate, arid yet the assent is to be implied. Both branches of the Legisla ture may concur in a resolution of decided dissent, and yet the Governor may exert the veto power conferred on hitm biy the State Constitution, and their legislative ac tion he defeated; and yet the assetnt of the Ie gislative authority is implied. & the direc tors of this contemplated inrstttion are au thorized to establish a branch or biranches in such St ate whenever they may find it con ducive to :he interest of the stockholders to do so ; and having once established it, they can utnder no circumstances withdraw it, except by act of Congress. The State may afterwards protest agaitnst sucht unjusat in ferenice, but its authority is gone. Its as sent is implied by tts fatirure or inability to act at its first session, arid its voice can never after wards be heard. To inferences so violent, and, as they seem to me, irra tional, I cannot yield my consent. No court of justice would or could sanction hem, without 'reversing all that is esta alished in judicial proceeding, by introdue rin presumptins. at variannee with (actl TYLER ETO. HONUi TO WnOit0 Itosa's DUE." From the Madismian. VETO .MESSAGE rnOM 1-r1': PR FSID ENt' T ' Il T , U. STA'TE S. Returninig. trilh his objrciois, the bill to incorporate the Fiscal Bank of the Uni ted States. To the Senate of the United States: Th'e hill catitled "An act to incorporare the subacribaers t) the Fitcal Batik of the U. States," which origioated in the Sea ate, has been considered Ly sie, with a sin cere desire to conform my action in regard in it, to that of the two Heouses of (Con;ress. By the - Constit us ion it in made miy duly .rither to approve the hill Sy i;ining it, or to return it with imy objections. to the House in which it originated. I cannot conscientiously give it my approval, and I proceed to discharge the duty required of me by tle Constitution-to give gmy rea sons for disapproving. The power of Congress to create a Na tionail tank to operate per se sver the Union, ias been a question of dispute from the origin of our Government. Men miost justly and deservedly esteemed for their high intellectual endowmnents, their virtnie, and their patiriotism, have, in recnrd to it, enttlrtained di'erent and confliclin: Opin ions. C1;;res have differed. T.he apl proval af ne President has been ollowed lay the disapaproval otanother. The Peo ple. at diffi-rem timties,. lave acquiescel in decisiuns harila l'r and agaitnt. The coun try h;s leen, and 5till iS, deeply atitIated by this unsttl-d question. It will sutlice sore te s:a. that mv own) opinaion has been uniformly pruclained to be against tie exercise of any such power lay tll, Government. On as! saitahl.: occasion., during a period of twenty-five years, the opiniona thus entertained hats laeen unre servedlly expressed. I declared it in the Legisilature of my tnative State. In the louse of Representatives of the United States it has beesn opesly vindicated by me. lit the Senate Chamber, in the pre sence and hearing of mnaty who are at this timle miembers of shat body, it has been allirned and reaffirme.l. speeches and re ports there nade, and by votes there re corded. In popular assemblies I have un hesitatingly annonnced it; and the last pu lic declaration which I made, and that a short time befora the late Presid election, I referred to w pressed opin tertainiel b' mie. of t~oi th me. mttl h i an, o~ani~i. 6ee,- W fa opinion's all ~this oath, the m out, ot li p1ea fiear ''e anad rel otnt uan observan menia can he ptif be ha ppy. Itiwould he (bmtat which I wothl ot wilfully commit to anI ear bly re ward, and . hieh would just k -.ubject mue taa thae ridicule rad scorna of all virt-jons mien. I deemt is entirely otnntecessary at lhi, timne to entler tapons the reasus- whlih havi e barouaght imy ind toa the convsieliona I feel auid e-ntertaiun os this suabject. Thaey hav e beatenaoer ;and over agrain repeated. IfC sosma ofI titee who av e pareceed me in this~ higha salice fav e enttert raed attd atvowv edl dlil'erent sapinios, - viel asll conafidences thast thetir cnvictionis wvere sitacere. I cli am onaly to lauve the samte itrasture taeled ot to unself. Withaount goinag further intos thle argnmsient, I ns ill stay thaat, isn laak isag to the paowers of s his Goveranetat to csallet, safe Iy keep, asnd disburse the ptablic reventne, ,and incidentally to regulatue the commerce aind e xchange ~s, I have tact fbeen rale toa sa i-.fy mtyself that ste esltbilihment lay thi-. Govesrnmeitant ofat i~ hank of dli,.conora, ina thesa *riayncpa~tionu sal that ierms. na :s a necsa;ry i as-. air onse desoi~alae lhv pariipriety. taa ex ecu ta Ihm pawcjlaser'. Whiar can the liarna adiscountas of she biiak have iso ala wsith ilh.e-olleiiig, sfe-keepsing, and dshisaring of ithe~ revennse? Sio far ria the mecre discoutnting~ of paiper is concertned, it is lutite lo ima ;erial to t his Ejuestiont wheth er thei dlisco 'unt is obitaisned at a Strate- lank oar a Unit-ed Stupes ilank. Thley are bouth euaslingt in as local accoamoationa ul. Wht at i inunce hav e loca ldiscounsts, g ranted lby ansy foarmt of' bank, in the regulantinag of thte enrrency and the exchanages ! Let the hitory of thec late Umited States Bank aid sas inI answering this inquiry. For several years after thte est abalishment of thta1 institution, it deals a!mnost exclusive ly in local discounts; anad duiring that period the cotary was, for the msost part, disap pointed in the consecquences anticipated frotn its inacorporation. A uniforsm curresn cy was not provided, exchanges were not regulatedl, ansd little or noihisng was added to the general circulation; and in 1820 its embarrassments had beco-me so great, that the directors petitimned Congress to repeal that article of the charter which made its notes receivale every where in paymuent of thbe public dues. It had, up to that period, dealt to lint a very small extent ina exchan ges, either foregn or domestic, asnd as late ' as 1823 its operations in that hane armoun ted to a little moure than seven mtillions of dollars per atnum. A very rapid mug tmentation soon after occurred, and in 1833 ins dealings in the exchanges amounted to upwards of oae huqdredl iions of dollars, including the sales of its own drufts; and Curres iondence of the lcrud. tAILILOAD Ovrcz, ST aACusE, Aug. 11. I Dear Sir: I learn from the passengers rom the west this morning. that the steam oat Eric on Lake Erie, was burned at f he mouth orSilver Creek. with 160 per- ( ons on board, out of which only 27 are r nown to have escaped. I have my infor nation from a gentleman who has seen ome of those who were saved. The par iculars of the disaster will reach us by his afternoon train. I learn that the flames spread with ra iiiiy iu consequence of the bursting of ome casks of varnish that were placed tear where the fire originated. Yoursin haste, N. GtLL.aont, ?ollectoruf Syracusc and] Utica Railroad. Vestruction of the Steambat Erie. by fire, md Loss of nearly Two Hundred Lires. The steamer Eric lefi Bul'hlo on Mon Jay afternoon at 3 o'clock lir Chicano. rhe precise number on board of her is not mriown, but it is estinated by the captain, *ron a glance at the register before leav ng the harbor to have exceeded two hun led souls. Amongst the number were ieveral painters, who with their materials vere on their way to some port up thel ake for the purpose of painting a boat ly ng there. A strong wind and rough sen revailing at the time, Capt. Titus hesita ed lir some time to put out, but the Do Witt Clinton having left about three hours previous, lie was finally induced to start on he fatal voyage. At about 8 o'clock the vessel was sud Jenly wrapped in flames from the burs tin; of a carboy of varnish on the boiler leek, whilst so sudden was the combus ion that the passengers wcre at once for :ed overboard, in many instances with yut the slightest article to sustain them. Fortunately the Do Witt Clintou had put inito Dutkirk, and discovering the Erie in flames hastened to her relief. She picked up twenty seven only of the whole number on board, w% hil-t about two hundred fell victims to the devouring ele mneut. Only one female was saved. as al o were the captain and one of the crew. The Erie, in addition to a full comple ment of passengers, bad on board a large iuantity of me'rchandize for Chicago and intieriediate places. For the above particulars we are indeb ted to a friend who came down in the boat tis tnoriing, and they many be relied upon as correct in all the leading features atten ding this most melancholy occurrence. Such are all the particulars we haveyet received. To tuiht we shall know moreof thi awful alTiir. None of the passengers' names are known here and all is suspense, all anxiety. How dreadful! We understa:d that the Erie was five years old, was built and ownedI by Mr. Reed, of Erie, Penn., and cost $90,000. She is said to be a splendid and a fast boat, and of the first class. She was recently put in complete order, refitted and repain ted in fine style. She was a great favor itu'aud hasencountered many a severegale. This is the third steamer burnt on the Lake within our recollection. The Great Western at Detroit, about a year since, und the Gen. Washingion, several years ago, iith three hundred passengers. To showt her size we will give her di Mensions: Length, 180 feet t Breadth of beam. 274 Extreme breadth, 514 -' Her power wastwo Eunded and ifty torse power, and her burthen ix hundred A ons burthen. Her commander's name is l'. J. Titus. The De Witt Clinton which reseuedi he twetnty persotns lives, is an old boat, ised for freight arnd patssenigers. Imamediately on the receipt of the above >ainful tidings, we issued a third edition,a ud the city was thrown into a deep sen aition. Nut since the hurning of the lien Sher od, on the Miississipipi, George Washintg on, on Lake Erie, and the Lexitngtoin, Ott mong Island, have we hearud of stuch ai read ful, shocking. and deeply to lie dle-i lred calamity as the destructiotn of-the ill aed Erie, and more thtan a hiundredl and v ft y men, wotmen,. and childlren. Until n :arn all the names of these unfortunate ersonis who have thus been hurried ito.i tertity, anxiety never so great n ill per-d ade the whole cotuntry. i What fatatlity ! Nearly two hundrede utman beitng from tall ntio~ns andI of till ges and~ sexes, mtet together ini lnffalo it .\londay to be senit utnprepared befotre i beir .llke: !-11erald.h ~till furtherr particulars of the recent terri-c ile C'alamity on Lake Erie. h By Pomteroy's E xpress, Inst evening, wey eeived linffalo papiers of Wedlnesdlay, in a damice of the mail. T1hey contain fur ir piariculars of the awful affair on Lake c :rie. We hoped that nec should learn some ing to-day to relieve the details publish- ' d yesterday, but every thing we heari erves to deepen the horror. All that the 1 naginationi cani coniceive of the terrible id heart-rending was realized in the aw-. * destruction of the Erie. Scores satikn espairingly benecath the wilud waters, lbut ere is reason to f'ear that many. very i. tay, strottng meni, helptless wvometi and si tider children perished in the flamnes. "Alexander ILambterton, musician, from rie, anti Frederick Parmalee, barkeeper,. h -ere picked tip by a small boat after the a liton had left. Parmalee was on the l ater seven hours, and show ed great pre. si ~ne of mimnd in exerting himself to save * Ir. (jelstont. the brother-in-law of Culoniel Iti ed. lie gave Mr. Gelston a platnk, J hich he had secured for his own preser tion-and wvhcn the boat had ceased to, ht ove, after waiting to find sonic one else al ns hom he could reuider assistatnce, he a; ok one of the fetiders of the boat, and by anaging to keep uponi it, he succeeded itt di erving his own life. Small piecs of ui trred wood and portionis of the boat were ws undl floating, as well as piart of the goods th t remained without beimng entirely eon- rm mcd. 'rThe btoat also pickedl up the wheat ml. esure. wvhich was the means of saving be r. WVilliams. This is all that has not al- wv ad y come to our knowledge." be We give below a corrected list of the is it and saved. it is far from being per- wl et-the full extent of the calamity will tht obably never be known-but after dili- dii nt investigation it is as full as we could al ake it. Ini Jbn C. l'ole, who is Iost, wa. former a .clerk iu Atwill's M1lusic Saloon in roandway. We have also gathered the following dets and additional natmes from Parsons& o. On examinatiou of the eighty-sesen ,lles of Swiss emmigrants given yester lay, they actually count one hundred and ilht pegsons, to which Hust he added ome ten or twelve infinis, not before enu nerated. of whom no charge -vas made. ro this last must also be appended the fiq. owing from the same houwe omitted yes. erday: A Strugler, Cleveland, 2 persons. Mrs. M. Stember. Zanesville, 3 do. Mirs. Barge-i, Portsmouth, 3 do. J. F. flyer, Chicago, 2 do. This swells the number of persons ship. >ed by Parsons & Co. to one hundred and birty ; a mere fraction of whom were ea :d. The following persons composing he -rew, &c. may be also added to those UsE : Mr. Niltemore and wife, dentist, of Ci. :ago. Von Ockerman, a German, tinner. M1r. Shermau and daughter. Hrmburgh, Erie co. Mr. Nelbhrope, , Danish gentleman. Henry Freeman, on his way to Mil wnukic, clerk in a drug store, formerly of Jaimestown, Chautauqua county. Ansel Ricker, young man, farmer, for merly of Hamburgh, Erie co. John Harrington, late of.White's Cor. ners, Erie co. entered as 00s on the day she left port. Luther Fuller, wheelsman. William Cheats, waiter, colored. Win. Winters, do. do. James Read, do. do. Robert Smith, head cook, do. hlenry Vosburgh. 2d do. do. David Mills, 3d do. do. Israel Nosburgh, porter, do. Wmi. Sparks, 2d do. do. Doctor Hackett. Thompsonian physt cian of Luckport, (colored.) Willet Weeks of Brooklyn, who was re. poried as among those who perished, it is said was not on board, having taken the boat for the Falls. There were also lost, Rob. Hughes, Jas. fleck. Jos. Sterritr, John C. Cluf, Philip, a German, and Dimm, of Buffalo. 'T'lhe loss of property by the Erie was hea-v. She had onl board the first large invoice of merchandise shipped for the up per lakes this season. Some 20 tons, worth at least $20,000. The immigrants had also a large amount ofspecie, not far. f'rom $180,000 and ihe boat herself must have cost all of $75 000, naking in. all a little short of $300,000 loss. Congressional. Corrupendenac of the Charleost Mercury. WASuIEO-TOx, Aug. 12. The Senate to-day have been principal ly occupied in discussing the Distribution [ill-the question being on the amend mnent proposed by 31r. Lin, to appropri ite the proceeds of the lands to the defec :ts of the country. This was ably advo :awed by Mr. Lin, 31r. Benton. and Mr. Wright, -vho demonstrated the necessity of increasing our defences, and the proprie. y of devoting a portion of bur revenue to bat purposl. in preference to disposi of Ipr poeadn the- 'l.,i,- w he defence or1ihed untrf. ' he amend. -me was voted dowtn, the Whigs going in olidi phalnax against it. Alr. Sturgeon, f Pennsylvania, moved two amenudmenza ri accordance w'ith instructions receivedh rom his Legislature, and he and his col rague, Mir. liuchanan, intimated their in mnton, should the amendments not be dopted, to vote against the bill. Mr. Clay, of Kentucky. hoped the Sea sors wubull review their deternaioian, as heir vo.tes would probably decide the faze r thet bill. Th'le amendments were rejected; and it po abla Mr. Clay said, that the vote dicisuive as to the fare of the bill, and sat is lbe defeated, a cotsutmation most de. oust!v he wishe. Th'le apprehended veto has evidently dis ';ried .\lr. Clay and Isis adherenus in the senaite. A t the op~eninsg or the sitting to ry, 'sIr. 'Tappans presented the proceed. se of the Demusocracy of Licking, Ohio, xpressn. ins strong langua:;e their disap raitiont of the measures of the present enions. and their dletermination to go for be' repearl or tlajhe ank Charter, should it ecomne a Ilaw. and mnoved that they be rinted. M r. Clay has in every similar ase. opposedl thse printinag with much ye ceence, ansd successfully, but to-day, he ielded ilhe point, and they were ordered a be prited. in 'lie Ilouse the BankruptBill was dis ussed. A motion was made that debate ns it should cease to-morrow at 12o',:lock, hiei b w as rejected-Yeas 78, Nays 8. 'he fate of the bill is very uncertain, as it advocated and opposed by members of oilh parties. It is unsderstood to-day that the Veto lessage will not be sent in until Monday ext. The indlications are stronger that ec Cabinsec will be broken up. and speen slion is. rit'e as to the successorsof the pre utt incumbents. Wsntsoroy, Aug. 13. In the Sesnt this morning. Mr. Cal oun piresensted she proceedings of a large ndl re,1pect alble mecetireg of the citizens of sie of Wrighst counatry. Virginia. ex pres tg ilheir disapprosbations of theE Extra esstion andl its measures, and asserting ec psower of repealing a law to charter a 'aional Bank, should one he passed. Mr. Calhoun tmoved that the proceedings m prinated. Mr. Clay of Ky. hoped not, id the motion to print was negatived, ses 19. noes 20. Mr. Calhsotn then rose and indignantly :nou need this atternpt to impose the gsg iou the people of this country, but he arned the Senator from Kentucky and ose who acted with him that though he ight gag the Honse of Representativee, cir efforts to gag public sentiment woald in vain. The voice suppressed here oud nexat he heard through the ballot x. The rumsbling of she distant thunder already heard. The storm was rmsng Luih wouldl sweep away like chaff before a wind, those who had betrayed a cong ig pepe and their odious measoree mtg with them, Tho resolutions were ,d on r he rnhble. and inlfern(:tces at the expensse of reason. A State in a condition of ddress, would be I presumed to speak. as an individual, man acled and in prison, might be presumed to I he in the enjoyment of freedom. Far bet- I tar to say to the States boldly and frankly t -Congress wills, and subnissiou is de- i manded. It may be said that thte directors may i not establish branches nuder such circun sanees. But this is a question of power. and this hill invests them with full authori- I iy d-t sa, If the Legislature of New York, or Pennsylvania, or any other State, should be found to be in such condition as I have supposed, could there be any security fur nished against such a step on the part of the directors? Nay, is it not fairly to be presttmed that this proviso was introduced for the solo purpose of meeting the contin- 4 gency referred to? Why else should it have been introduced? And I submit to I the- Senate, whether it can be believed that any State would be likely to sit quietly down under such a state oftbings? In a great measure of public interest their pa triotismn may be successfully appealed to; but to infer their ansent frut circumstan ces at war with such inference, I cannot but regard as calculated to excite a feeling at fatal enmnity with the peace and harmony of the country. I must, therefore, regard this clause as asserting the power to be in Congress to establish olices of discount in a State, not only without its assent, but against its dissent; and so regarding it, I cannot sanction it. On general principles. the right in Congress to prescribe terms to any State, implies a superiority of power and control, deprives the tratisaction of all pretence to compact between them, Und I terminates, as we have seen, in the total abrogation of freedom of action on the part of the States. But further, the State may express, after the most solemn form of le gislation, its dissent, whicl may from time to time thereafter be repeated, in full view of iisown interest, which catt never he sep. arated front the wise and beneicient ope ration of this Government; and yet Con gress may. by virtue of the last proviso, overrule its law. and upon grounds which, to such State, will appenr to rest on a con structive necessity and propriety, and noth ing more. I regard the bill as asserting for Congress the right to incorporatc a Uni ted States Bank with power and right to establish oflices of dicotnt and deposit in the several States of this Union, with or without their consent; a principle to which I have always hereiofore beett opposed, and which can never obtain my sanction. And waiving all other considerntions grow ing out of its other provisions, I return it to the Hlouse in which it orginated, with these my objectious to its approval. JOIHN TYLER. WAstINGToN, Aug. 16, IS-Il. eliscellacoues. Wholesale Application of Lynch Law. 'friend of ours, who arrived in the city rday from Arkansas, informs us of lowing startling particulars. showing manner in which that law, than the code of Draco Si is, as well as in thas been ap uas, about 40 I a no, and the counoty of Shiver, appear o nave come fihw~ii mi~aih atilyacoh law to a grant-I at and continued annoyance as and the trading flat boat men er. Besides thteir encroachment -on te peace and property of the public inta that way, they of late turned their criminal industry to horse stealing to sucht an ex-It tetit as to rotuse the citizons of the whole neighborhood. CTe latter, heaed lby Capt. Bartney llradlbrud, formned ittto a voluttteer cotmpany of about 100 wecll armerd mten, comimatnded( and led by saidl Captain llradfordl, 3r. J. :1 Luisforid and Spear, fromt Arkansas, antd Sqttire Forrer atnd Jamtes I lowatrttt. fromti .iississipipi, and after anm acetive search of!c several dlays. stucceeded in captturing 27 tmetn, amtong whomn we lenrned the raillow ing ttamcs, viz: Ilugh TIalley, I.e wi I I littgsoti, Antdrew .\leLnughlin, WVillis Pollock, lu~th Cotton,. Elliott anda Robert I Ilunter, thte bittter, lattely frott Ne w York, Joe Mlerritt and 3lcCotmtmtick. TIhe voluntteers used the Ibliowing strat agem to r-eize the sco~undrels. Trhey etiga ged a trading boat at liclena and hid abott 50 men itt lie store riom; they thtett die-r scended the river, lantding at every place n htere they suspected to fall in wiath the coutnterfeiters. Thtese depravead tmen came on botard to pturchase produce. wvitht the int etmiont of paying for it in counterfeit inn ntey, They were thus taken atnd securede itt the boat. W~hetn the numnber lad in- I creased to 27 amn, ntine* of them were i tied hand attd feet, and, as the report says, a dr-owned in the .\kisissipp;i, near Island ( No. 69. in thiepresenice of two meu, liar- d ro~t and hiurgess. w ho. it appears. officia- t, ted, or at lceast took anl active part in the n execution ofthe settntee- ti We tunderstand that the company is tt creasing in niumbter. and ittends to piroceedl to the tnouth of W~hite river. When our itnformant met a division of them they were ( in pursuit of a certaitt Meriatn Wright,. Wen he arrived at Napoleona. at thte mouth , of Arkansas river, lhe leartned that snme six or seven dead bodies had bece seen j1 floating on the river opoosito that place, and also that some of the counterfeiters v who escaped had baetn seen passing down n the river with uncommion speed, itt order to evade their pursuers.-Picayune- t "We have since beeni informed that twenty-p three persons have been drowned, c Nvxw Yoax, Aug. 12. MlOST MlE LA NClOL Y CA LAMIT Y. t Destruction ofihe Steamer Erie by Fire and loss of nearly twco hundred lives!i Early this morning we received exclo- re siyely fronm the WVest, the most heart retn ding intelligence of the total dlestruction by In fire of the splendid steamer Erie, on Lake fe Eri, and the loss of nearly two hundrd p, lives, and a large amount of merchandize. gi We n. x he. atulr a s recei..d...... . a