Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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.i.scellaneous. iStatistics of South Carolia.-We (e rive the flilowing information relative to the Mineral, Commercial, Manufacturing, and other resources of our State, from the schedule thereof, annexed to the late cen sus of the population of the State, for the year 1840, taken in conformity with the act of Congress, under the direction of Thomas D. Cundy, Esq., SMarshal of the District of South Carolina. 1. MI1NES-IRoN.-1 Cast Iron. Fur naces 4; tons produced, 12-50. 2. Bar Iron. Bloomeries, Forges. Rolling Mills, 9. Tons produced, 1165. 3. Tons of Fuel consumed, 6354. Men employed, in cluding mining operations, 248. Capital, $113,300. 2. GoLD.--Smelting Hous c, 5. Value produced, 837,418. Men employed,69. Capital.840.000. 3. SA.T. Bushels produ ced, 2250. Men employed, 7- Capital, $1,500. 4. Granite, llarble, and other Stone. Valtie produced, $3,000. Men employed, 4. Capital, $500. 2. AGRICULTURE.-]. LivE S-roCK. Horses and Mules, 130,826. Neat Cattle, 573,840. Sheep, 232,664. Swine, 688, - 513. Poultry of all kinds, estimated va lue, $590.594. 2. CEREAL GRtNs. Nttm ber of btshels-Whea, 705.925. Barley, 3967, Oats, 1.446,15S, Rye. 44,530. Buck wheat, 72, Indian Corn. 14,721,785. 3. VArioUs CRoPs. Pound.; of Wool, 2S9, - 202. Pounds of Hops, 93. Pounids of Wax,15,857. Bushels of Potatoes, 2,697, 713. Tons of Hay, 20,008 Tons of Hemp and FlaX. 35. Pounds of T'P..eco, 51,518. Founds of Rice, -59,929,671. 4. CooN, SUGA.., ;ILK, &C. Pounds of Cottou, 148,907,880. Poun.is of Silk Cocoons, 2210. Pounds of Suigar, 30,000. Cords of Wood sold, 161.161. Value of . products of the Dairy, 8577.849. Of pro ducts of the Orchard, 852.275. G:lots of Wine, 613. Vahie of homie nade, or Family Goods. S1.219.442. 3. AOR TlCUTLUIt A.-GARIENs & - - Nuns:nEs. Val'ue of piroduc:ts of mar. ket Gardens, $3-.180. Of prodhicts of Nurseries and Florists, 82.!:i9. Men em ploved. 1059. Capital, 210,95sO. 4. COMAMERCE.--]. Commetrial Houses in Foreiga Tr:td., 29. 2. (W n ision.H ouses, 41. C ,it *. S3,600,050. 3. Retail Dry Goo;uds,. Uroc(er% nal oiter -Stores, 1262. C1ital, 80.600t36. 4. Lumber Yards and Trade, 17. Capital, $110,000. Meit einployed, 1,029. tnter. nal Transportation-men employed, 1.3. 6. B'tchers. Packers. &c.-tmen employ do, 46... Ca pit al. 8112,900. -. 5. FISIIERIES.-Barrels Pickled Fish, 425. Men emplyed, 53. Capit al, $1,617. 6. PRODUCTS OF THE FOREST. Valtie of Lumber, $304.884. Barrels of Tar, Pitch, Turpentine. Rosin, 735. Va. lue of Skins and Furs, $1.225. Value of Ginseng and all other products of the Fo rest, $9,247. Men employed, 508. 7. MANUFACTURES.-l. MActHN ERY. Value Manufltcttred, $65,561. Men employed, 127. 2. HARDWARE, CUTLE RY, &c. Value manufactured. 81.,4G5. Dien employed, 26. 3 SMALL Art.u. Ntimber made, 167. Men employed, 7. 4. PRECIOUS METALS. ?-IlUe mnufac tured.,3,000. Men employed,4. 5. BIctKs - AND LIME. Value nauufactured,$263,U 10. Men employed,123.-Capital invested in preceding manufactures, $122,445. 6. WOOL. Fulling Mills. 3. Value manu fuctured, $359,000. Persons employed, 569. Capital,$617,450. SILK. Poutnds reeled, thrown, or other Silk ma.le, 46. Value of the same. S380. Males employ ed, 1. Females, 3. Capital, $50. 9. MI3XED MIANUFACTUREs. Vau of Pro duce, $2,450. Personts employed, 9. 10. TOBACCO. Value matnufactured, S:3,500. Persons employed, 7. Capital, $5,000. 11. HATS, CArs, BONNETs, &e. Villue mnaufactured, S17,2.50. Persons employ. ed, 20. Capital. $315. 12. L E A'InEh, TANNERtEs, SADDLERIEs, &e. Nutmber of Tatnneries. 839. Sides of Sole Leathter Tanined, 71,463. Sides of Upper Leat her Tanned, 94,896. Men einployed, 1040. Capital, $239,020. All other Mnanufacto ries of Leather, Saddleries, &c. 2-12. Va. bue Manufactured, SI 00,472. Capital, $46,162. 13. SoAr AND) CANDtLEs. Poutnds of Soap. 586,:329. Pounds~ Of Tallow Catn dIes. 67,972. Men etmployced, 168. Cap ED LtQUoas. Distilleries, 258. Gallons, 102,288. Men employed, 219. Caia $14,442. 15. DRUcs AND MEDIrCINE.s, PAINTS AND DYEs. Value 8405. Mlen employed,6. Capital,82,100. 16. Eattrttr ENWARE, &C. Potteries, 8. Value matnu factured, 819,300. Men employed. 419. CapitalS12,950. 17. St-AR R tEFIN ERIES, &e. Value of Conufectionary made, $29, 333. Men employed, 112. Capital, $87,-. 200. 18. PaPER. Maniufactories, 1. Va lue of Produce, $20,000. Men empl1loyed, 30, Capital, $30,000. 19. Printing and Binding. Printing oflices, 20. Binderies, 7. Daily Newspapers, .3. Weekly News papers, 13. Semi and tri weekly news pap~ers. 2. Periodicals, 4. Men employ ed, 164. Capital, $131,300. 20. CA R RIAGF-s AND WAGONS. Value mnanufac lured, $210,510. Men employed, 420. Capital, 5130,-IS5. Mills, Flou ring Mills, 164. Barrels of Flutr, 86,500. Grist Mills, 1374. Saw Mills, 73G. Oil Mills, 19. Value manufactttred, 8992.106. Men employed. 3.258, Capital, SI,655,754, 21. SuIPs AND LURNITURE. Valute of Ships and Vessels built, 8(10,000. Value of Furniture matnuf:etured. 028.175, Mletn employed, 241, Ca pit al, 013:3,600. 22. HoUSEs. Brick nnd Stone Hlouses built, 111, Wooden Houses built, 1594. Men employed, 2,388. Value of constructintg or building, 81,527,576. 23, ALrL oTIIER MANUFACTUREs, NOT ENUMIERtTED. Va Itue manufactured, 881.978. Capital. $46, 442.-Total Capital inrested in Manufac tures, $3,275,793.* Statistics of Charleston District for 1840. 1. AGRIlCULJTURE, 1. Lire Stock. Horses andI Mutles, 4.218. Neat Cattle. 3,660. Sheep 11,366. Swine 17,438. Va lue of Poultry $38,493. 2. Cereal Grains. Bushels-Wheat 50. Oats 120,232. R ye 521. Indian Corn 396.151. 3. Various Crops. Potuds-Wool 13,535. Wax 863. Bushels ofPotatoes 619.407. Tons of H ay "The retnrnu of manufacturing e-.pital are 2,15W. Pounds of ie 11,180,750. 4. Cotton. Sugar, Silk, 8-c. Pounds-Cot ton 3,859.2W3. Silk Cocoons 500. Sugar 30,000. Cords of Wood sold 17,855. Va lue of products of the Dairy 1,345. Value of home made or family goods 1,210. 2. HIORTICULTURE. Gardens and Nurserics. Value or produce of Market Gardens .30,390. Value of produce of Nurseries and Florists $2,000. Men cm ployed 1,057. Capital $210,U60. 3. COMMERCE. Gommercial Hous es in forcign trade 27. Commission Hous es 34. Capital $3,563,750. Retail Dry Goods, Grocery and other stores 582. Cap ital $3,575.100. Lumber Yards and Trade 10. Capital $85,000. Men employed 684. Iniernal transportaiion-mien employed 57. Butchers, Packers, &c.c37. Capital 8'110,000. 4. PRODUCTS OF THE FOR EST. Value of Luiber 8300. 5. MANUFACTURES. 1. Bricks and Lime. Value manufactured $113,890. Men employed 420. Capital $953:30. 2. Tobacco. Value manufactured $3,500. Per sons employed 7. Capital $5,000. 3. Leath er, Tanneries, Saddleries, 4-c. Tanneries 5. Sides of Sole Leather tanned 8900. Sides ofUpper Leather tanned 15,750. Men employed .13. Capital $57,500.. All other manlhctories of Leather, Siddle. ries, &c.-Value manufactured $10,000. Capital 87.000. 4. Sugar .iRineries, 4-c. Valtue of Confectiotury made $26,083. Men ernployel - Capita 66.5.w. 5. Printi:;g aud Binding. Printing Offices . Bitderies 5. Daily Newspapers. 3. Weekly Newspapers 3. Semi and tri weekly Newspaper 2. Periodicals 4. IMen employed 140. Canital $120,000. 6. Carriages and Wragons. Value manufac tured $7,000. Men employed 54. Capital $91,:100. 7. Mills. Flourin Mills 3. Barrels of Flour 3,865. Grist Mills 19 i-wv Mills 21. Value of manufactures 836:3.300. Men etmiploved 216. capila .563,000. S. Ships an'd Furniture VA. !ne of Ships and Vessekl ImihI $60.u00 Value of Furniture manufactured 510,000. Men employed 207. Capitail $130,000. 9. Houses. Brick and Stone Ilows huil 94 Wouden !!ouses biit 53. M en em ntlded 909. Value ofcostructing or huild t2'1,059.200. Total capital invested in maifnietire 81.155,630. It.MIN -'RA LS. Domestic Salt, bush els 400.-Courier. Corrcspondecae of thc CharlestonC Courier. W~ASmIN-roN, Feb). 10. In the Senate to-day, Mr. Tappan, of Ohio, presented memoorial iu nmerous si.gted, pra0i the recoanition of* inyi and alo that the seat of the Federal Gov. ernment he removed to Cincinnati. . The reasury note bill front the House. wis reported without amendment, and it will be taken ill). Mr. Preston was appointed. on the par. of the Setnate, and Mr. Wise and Mr. Cushing, on tho part of the House, to wail on Wil liaman Henry Hlarrison, ad inform him of his clectirn as Presideit of the U. Slates. These gemlemen sub!riently made a report that tley had per ibrmva'i.l that luty, and that he ha. received this mlatifesta tion of tle conlide-nice (X his counirvmten with profoind gratitnide, and thathe IwVotld earnestly devote himself to tlle dutties imi) posed on himi, so as, accorldinlg to hi< best abilities. to promote the utniotn and welfare tion to britng in a ill t, pirevent oflice hol ders, under the Zeneral govii nment, from interferina with elections. and declared his intention to press i bis suj-em. (G etneral - larri' -n. it woh seetm, Ihas espoused Mir. Crttetens views of this miiat er. in htis recentt Baltimtore spteeen:, he alluded to his detertmitnatiun itn regard to it. The hankruht bill was again taken up. atnd Mr. Stmith, of Coon., made a long speech in fatvor of including banks in the compulsory process of ahe law. No) ques tion was taiken on the subject. The [louse passed the pension appro priatioin hill, with Mr. W. Thompson's amnetndment, approp~riating $100,000 r the Florida war. The general civil aind diplomatic hill wi*as thetn takeni up, and some progress wvas made in it. Ge'neral lutrrison received the visits of the* Iadies to-day, at thc City Hall. Hie aip;,eared to lie mitch jaded and exhausted. To nIt lie ill be at the assembhly. TIhe caibitie:, it is surmtisned. willI be soon seti letd upon. Much encautsing is goinig ont. It is said4 that Mr. Ewing is to go in-. to the Trea-tury. anid that Mr. Graniger, of New York, is to be Post Master Gen eral. Ini case (if this latter appointmenat, Mr. Elisha Whtittlesey is to act as Assist-. atit Post Master General, and will n' doutbt be the responsible haeatd of the otlice. Gov ernoir Giltmer, of Georgia, is spokeni of as the Secretary of the Navy. Felt. 12. The President elect dinted with the Pres- 4 idetnt to-day. Among those gentlemen who waited on Geineral llarrison, to-day, wvas Mr. Calho-.m, who was very cordiallyJ received. WVe now know, almost to a certainty, who is to cotnstitute thle cabitner, viz:-Mr. Webster, State; Mr. Ewvitg, Treasury; Mr. Bell, War; Mr. Badger, Navy; Mr. G;raniger, Post O1lice; Mr. Crittenden, Attorney Gtnaeral. Mr. Badger is a judge and eminent lawv yer of North Carolina. H~e has beeni of fered the offee, but his acceptanice is dotubted. 'rThe Senate did not take up the Bank rutpt Bill to-day. T1he Treastury Note Bill was discussed the whole daIy, and finally passed, without atmentdmuent, yeas 28, nays 6. Mr. Benitona gave his reasons for oppos ing, untder any circumstatnce, the isset oif Treasury Notes. Mr. Calhoutn st ated his view of thle mat ter, and expressed his preference for the use of the credit of the government, in the form of Treasury Notes, to any other mode. Mr. Preston concurred etntirely in the views of Mr. Benton, atid adlvocaited the propriety of resortitng to a loan in prefer ence ato an isstue of Treasury Notes. rThe H-otise was engaged on private bills, but did little or nothing with them. A motion was mad~e to mako Mr. Ad ,nm.s eoe ill the inneal oner. fur the 22d iust., was rejected. So it is probabie that measure will fail. From the Washington Globe. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. SATURDAY, Feb. 13, 1841. Mr. PICKENS. from the Committee on Foreign Atiairs, made the following report, which was ordered to be printed The Committee on Foreign Affairs, to whom was referred the Message of the Pre sident, transmitting a correspondence with the British Ninister in relation to the burn ing of the steamboat Caroline, and the de nand made for the liberation of Mr. Alex ander McLeod, respectfully report: It appears that the steemboat -Caroline' wa seized and destroyed in the month of' December. 1837. The committee are in duced to believe that the facts of the case are n3 follows: The boat was owned by, and in possessinn of. a citizen of New York. She was cleared from the city of Bulido, and, on the morning of the 29th of Decem her, 1837, she left the port of Buffalo, hound for Schlosser, upon the American side of the Niagara river, and wit!in the territory of the United States. The ori zinal intention sce ntd to be,to run the boat betvween Bu!Tnio and Schlosser, ot perha ps, rrom Black Rock dlam to Scilosser, and ,hould it seem profitable, it was intended to run her also to Navy Island, and ionch at Grand Islnnd and Tonawanda. 1i jwner was Mr. Wells, said to he a re;pect able citizen of Buffalo, and it is obvious, bis intemion in pnttrin tip the boat was 7:e of speculation and profit entirely. The excitenent ttpnn that portion of the ront jier, at this period, had collected a ere-t many in the neighborhood-some frotm cu rioiity--somo from idleness-and others rom Iaking an interest in the unusual and extraordinary collection of adventurous men gatheread together at that time on Na. vy Island. Navy Island was " nominally" ti the British -territorv." rhe owner of the Caroline look advan age of these circumtances to make sotme money with Iis boat, by running her, as a erry boat, over to Navy [sland. All these acts appear frmn testimony regularly ta ken, (ee Ii. R. Doe. No. 302. page 46 and 19, 2,1 Seasion, 25th Congress.) and the iomnnittne knew of no legal evidence to -ontradiet them. There is no proof that vinv arms or munitions of war were carried tn tho boat, except, perhaps, ote small six pounder field-piece belonging to a passen aer. The principal object was to run the boat as a ferry hoat from Schlosser, on the Amterican Siile, to Navy Island, on the British side. It is believed that, even in wvar, a neutral power has the right to trade in contraband articles. subject, of course, io seizure and confiseation, if taken within he jurisdiction of either of the contending. parties. What is contraband of war is not lways certain. Treaty stipulations fre Inently include some articles, and exclude Alhers re- ognized in the law of nations. 1'rading in contraband articles is no excuse For invailing the territory ut:d soil ofa nen tral and indepetident power, whose private citizens may choose to run the hazard of ,urbh a trade. In this instance there were iu two foreign powers engaged in wvar; bu t att entcerned in the outbreak or excite metit within the Briiishjurisdiciinn, claim ed to he British subjects. in resistance of he authorities of Canada, a province of lthe British e-npire. Even admitting, then. that the Caroline was engaged in contra band trade, vet it was wI citizens who etmaf fiicers of the Province. Abstractedly ;peaking. how was a private citizen to de ide who were right and who wrong in Itese local disputes I And which portion if citizens of thte same prov'ince miUSt ottr :itizenis have any cotmmunication with it the boat wvas tmerely used for one day as a ferry boat; and on the tiightt of the lay she commenced runnin~g, she was ~eized wvhile toored at the whajafin Schlos er, and. butrut. Several men were assas inated ; certainly otne, who fell dead upon le dock. Now the insinuation of the 1Bri isht Minister, that Schlosser was "notmi ily" within the territory of the Umottd tates, may wvell be retortedl, as we can vith egnal t rut h saty that Navy Island wa~is 'notmintilly"' wit hitn the '"territory'' of th B~ritish Government; fur at the period to vhich we allude, the people collected there and as efTetuially delled Cantada authori i-s as any portion of ottr people had dis earded ottrs. Yet British authority hought proper to pass by Navy island, len ia its "ntominal"' territory, and in thIe lenitutde of its power, to cast the eis of Tritish jurnisdiction over Atmerican soil. Chis wvas truly extetnding over uas ihat kitnd' uardianiship which thtey htad not the abil- I ty at that tlme to extend to a portion of heir ownt territory, and which recommetnds self to uts. full as much from its assump-J ion as fromt its love of right or law. Trhe British Minister is pileased also to all the Caroline a "piratical steamboat." [he loose epithts of any one, tno matter tW highl itn plaice, catnnot tmake that pira :y vhich the law of natiotis does not re :ognise as such. Pir'tes are freebooters, etmies of tho human race; and emtinent urists describe thetm as ravagiog every en and coast with tno flag and no home. tracy comes untder the concurrent juris lictioni of all nations. Even in the worst oint of view that it catn lie considcred, hose connected with the steamboat Caro ie were butt aiders and abettors of others mgaged itt rebellion. Anid the commitittee are totally at a loss to knowv upon what au hority rebtellioni is recognized as piracy. Such confouniding of terms is resting the I ~ase upon epithects, instead of sound law r facts. But eveni suipposing it to lie a piratical boat," as the Minister asserts it I o he; yet the tmoment it touched our soil tfell under our sovereignty, atid no power n earth could rightfttlly itivade it., There is no doctrine tmore consecrated , n Etnglisht history, thani that every human eitg who touchecs the soil of Great Brti ain is immediately covered by Britisht aw. Suppose one of her vessels were cut Irotm the Banks of the Thames aud burnt by renchtmen, and British citizens wvere ssassinated at night, and the French N in ister were to avow that they acted under the orders oflhis Goveranment, and that the vessel was "piratical," and the citizens murdered were onutlaws-then there is not an Etnglishiman wvhose heart would not beat high to avenge the wvrong, tand vindicate the rights of his country. The la w there is thte .,w hero 4And thar e isn0 interna-. tional law cotisistent iith the separate it dependence of nations, that sanctions i1. pursuits of even pirates to murder and al son over the soil and jurisdiction ofone i the States of the Confederacy. No grea er wrong can be clone to the country thu invasion of soil. If it can be done wit impunity at one point, and on one occ. sion, it can be done at another, and the nt tion that submits to it, finally sinks dow into drivelling imbecillity. If a represer tation of the state of things at Schlosse and the conduct of those who had the cot trol of the Caroline. had first been niad to the proper authorities of New York, c Df the United States then there would hav been some show at least of respect for ot ;overeignty and independence, and a di. position to treat us as an equal. But i this case, as into treat our authorities wit ontempt, there was no preliminary d rnand or representation made. It was hoped that the outrage was pet petrated by a party in sudden heat and ei citement, upon their own responsibilti But the British Minister now avows thf 'the act was the public act of persons obe3 ing the constituted atithorities of her M esty's Province," and again affirms th 'it was a public act of persons in her Ni esty's service, obeying the orders of thei superior authorities." If this had been the first and only poir if collision with Great Britain, it migi not have excited such interest, but there i assumpttion in most ofour intercourse wit bat grent power, revolting to the pride ar ;pirit of independence in a free people. I i he her desire to preserve peace, her irti iolicy would be :o dto justice, and sho1 hat courtesy to equals which she has al vays demanded from others. The coir nittee do not desire to press views on thi )art of the subject, particularly as a di and has been made by our Governmor ipon the Government of Great Britain ft xilanation as to the outrage committec ei answer to which it is hoped will prov .atisfactory. As to the othcr points presented in th leantid made by the British Minister fc lie "libertinn" of Alexander McLeod. th .omiimittee believe the facts of the case t ie, that the steamboat was seized on urnt as stated belire, and that a citize ir citizens of New York were murdered i ihe affray. And there were reasons to ir ince a belief that McLeod was partice :riminis. He was at first arrested, n ipon various testimony being taken, we hen discharged. He was then aftei erwards arrested a second time. Upo lie evidence then presented he was impri ;oned to await his trial. There was no in asion of British territory to seize or tak lim. But upon his being voluntarily with in our territory, he was arrested as an itizen of the United States, charged wit a similar ofTence, might have been. W know of no law of Pations that would ex enpt a man from arrest and impri-onmer foroffencescharged to be committed again, ie "peace and 'dianity" of a State, bc .atuse be is a sutbject or Great Britain, c because he committed the crime at the ir tinationt or under the authority offBritis Provincial officers; much less do we knoi if anv law that wouldi justify the Presider o deliver him up without trial, at the de iiand and upon the assertion as to fatct4 if any agent of the British Governmen1 1 we had been at open war with Grea Britain, and McLeod had committed th lTences charged, tien he might have fat rot-Ween-0ik*t1 p1 1I)OY16 bflff-T Stanies Government, and would have beei ;ulject to the laws of.nations in war. Bu is the alleged criminal acts, in whic %IcLeotl is charged to be implicated, wer :oinnuited in profound peace, it is a crien is for as lie may be concerned, solel; igainst the "peace atnd dlignity" of the Stat >f New York, and her crimtinal jutrisdlic ion is complete and exclusive. itf th :ritmes committed be such as to make nn host i Uuani generis-an ouontlawi mirate, in the legal acceptatiotn of the term hen under the law of nations, the Utnitec Siates courts and tribunals would have i istiction. Bitt the olkTecechtarged in thi :ae cotmmitted as it was in time of peace is far as this individual was concerned ,vas otne pttrely against the Icx loci, ani tming cxclusively within the criminal ju isdiction of the tribunals of New York. The Minister, in his let ter of the 13th c )ecemnber, 1840, says: "it is quite noto ions that Mr. McLeod was not one of thi mrty etngaged in the ,destruction of thi teamboat Carolitne: and that the pretentd d charge upon which heo has been mp-i onied rests otnly upon the perjured testi nony of certain Canadians, outlaws ant heir abettors," &c. This may perchanc di be so; bitt it would be asking a grea leal to reqtuire atn Atmericant court to yieb turisdiction, and surrender up a prisone harged with offeinces against the law, up mn the maero ipse dir it of any man, to mat en how high itn atuthtority. Whtethe icLeod be guilty or not guilty, is the ve -y poinit upont which an American jtur; donte have a right to decide. Jurisdictio; n State tribunals over criminal cases, ant rial ib3 jury of the venue, are essenttia oitnts in A mericatn jurisprudence. Andi s a total tmisapprehension as to the tnatur f otur system, to suppose that there is an: ight in the Federal Executive to arres he verdict of the one, or thwvart thtejturis liction of the nthter. If such a power ex sted, and were exercised, it would elTec ally overthrow, and upon a vital poitt he separate sovereignity and indepetndenit s these States. The Federal Executiv, night lie clothed witht power te deliver uj 'gitives from justice for offenices commit ed againist a foreignt State, but even thiei imight not ho obligatory to do so, untles twere made matter of treaty stipulation rhis duty atnd right in an Executive ha enerally beent conisidered as dormatnt, un il made hitnding by treaty arratngemtent [ut when the matter is reversed, and dec nand is made, not of fugitives from jus ice for off'ences committed agaitnst a f eignt power, hut for the liberation of a mal harged wvith offenices against the pesec itd dignity of one of our ownt States. the t is, that the demand becomes preposter its in the extreme. rThe fact the of'entcc were committed tinder the sanction of pro vincial authorities does not alter the ease unless we were in a state of wvar. In sue eases as thte present, the power to (delive tp could not be conferred upon the Fede ral Executive by treaty stipulation. ] coudnly bne hcoenferred in those ese ov i- which jurisdiction is clearly delegated by 0 the Federal Gonstitution. Such, for in stance, as treason, which is an ofibnce if against the conjoined sovereignty of the States, as defined in the Constitution. n Over all cases except those defined in the h Constitution, and those coming clearly un der the laws of nations, the States have ex clusive jurisdiction, and the trial and pun it ishinent for offences against them, are inci - dent to their separate sovereignty. It is not pretended in thiscase thatthere is any - treaty stipulation under which the demand e is made; and the Federal Executive, un r der our system, has no power but what is e conferred by the Constitution, or by special r law of Congress. In the former it is de - clared that "the Executive power is vest n ed in the President of the United States," h1 and that power is then to be pointed out - alnd defined by special laws passed from time to time, imposing such duties as are thought prope.r and expedient by Congress. - Your committee deem it dangerous for the Executive to exercise any power over t a subject-matter not conflerrcd by treaty or - hy law; and to exercise it in an! case in - conflict with State jurisdiction, would he , worse than dangerous; it would be usur pationt. r Btt your committee forbear to press these points further at v resent, and they I would not have said as much on such clear t questions of international law, but that in s ihis case, the demand for liberation has b been made by the accredited agent of a :1 arent power, and under circumstances of f peculiar agravation and excitement. e We have other pointsof ditTerenco with r Great Britain. which add interest to every question that arises between us at the pre . sent. Neither our Northeastern or our s Northwestern boundaries are vet settled - with her, and the subject is not entirely free from 4ilficulty. Sie has recently seiz r ed our vessels and exercised a power in roling the right of search, under the pre e text of suppressing the foreign slave trade, which, if persevered in, will sweep oir u commerce from the coast of Africa, and r which is incompatible with our rights asa e maritime power. She hus recently,in her D itttercoutrse with us, refused indemnity and 1 denied our rights to property, otn a subject t matter vital to near one half the States of I the Confederacy, and which, considering . her military position at Bermuda and her s growing power in the West Indies, is of the last importance to our national indepen a dence. . All these subjects make every luestion a between us, at this pecoliar juncture, of . the deepest interest. . Besides this, we are both permanently a destined to have, perhaps, the mostexten . sive commerce of modern nations. Our y flags float side by side, over every sea, and a hay, and inlet of the known globe. e She moves steadily upon her obi-cts . with an ambition that knows no boutds. t And wherever she has had a conflict of in terest she has rarely yielded to any power. . At this moment she presents to the civi r lized world the spectacle of the greatest military and commercial power in combi nation ever known. From her vast possessions in every quar t ter of the globe, and her peculiar commer . cial system, sie has been made the reser voir ofthe wealth of nations. Her internal resources, skill, labor. and machinery, wiih her capital, are beyond caletlation. Her natural position, being about midway the coast of Europe, gives f~fJf~4~j~JV~rthp rowleQ nul ,r Her tnilitary occupation of Gibraltar, Malta, the Ionian islands, and recently of St. Jean d'Aere, give her the ascendency on the lediterranean and the Levant. wlile St. Helena and the Cape of Good llope give her possession over the currentts olf trade along those extenisive coasts. Then Bombay, Calcutta, and her imtnense pos sessions it the East itudies, togethe,- with her recent movements int the China seas and islatnds, enablle her to extend her pow er over those vast regions that have slum bcred for ages in solitary atnd entervaied ttacnificcnce. She possesses Falklatnd is Slandi, to control the commerce that passes arond Cape Horn-while Trinidad gives her all she desires in the Caribbeatn sea. Halifax at one point, atnd Bermtada at ano ther, stand out in great force over our own coast from one extremity to the other. S Her position all over the world are at thtis mometnt, in a militaty point of view, equal to a million of men uder arms. Her cotntinual cottflicts in the mighty regions of the East, only etnable her oflicers to b - cotme skilful atnd to improve in the art of war, while her great atmies and extensive fleets draw their support from the immense countries seized and occupied. Jn the pre setjuncture of al~hirs, tto statesman can overlook these things. Steam power has recently brought us so near~ together, that - in the event of any futture conflict, war teitht its efects will be precipitated upon us with r mucht more rapidity than formerly. Avarice and ambition are the rulitng pas sions of modern times, and it is vain to , hut otur eyes to the state of things around us. It remains to lbe seeni what effect steam Spower is to have tupon changing and mo Sdifying thte whole art of defence and wvar. ,t tnmay lbe a great engine for againi level ling manktnd, andi edtucing every thitng to a contest of mere physical force. In that .event it might be d~itlnt to conjecture what systemt of national defence wilL stund the test of titme andi experience. , We have a deep stake in peace, and fondly htope the repose of the world will tnot be disturbed. WVe have certainly not the least desire for any ruptutre. Firmntess, atnt a wise prepa;ration, will long preserve l us fromt such a catastrophe. But while Ito temptatiotn shoul ever promnpt us to do .inj LSt ice on the one hand, so no consider ation, on the other hantd, shtotid ever in -tdue us to submnit to permanent 'vrong .fromn any power on earth, no matter whbat - the consequences may be. - Yotur committee would conclude by ex pressitng a firm belief that all our points of i difficulty n'ay lbe hotnorably ttnd amicably I adljuisted, andt~ that hartmony tmay lotg be preserved by both Govertnents pttrsuing -a liberal and generous policy, congenial to 5 the interests and feelitgs of both people, -atnd complatible with thte spirit and genius ,of an enlightened age. r . The Pennsylvania State loan of $500, t000, has bieen wholly taken in Philadel EDGEFIELD C. 11. THURSDAY, FjBRUARY 25, 1841. iD' The proceedings ofa meeting of citizns, of Abbeviile and Edgefield Districts, held at Cambridge, for the purpose of forming an Agri. cultural Society; and a communication from " A Friend and Subscriber," shall appear in our next. We arc indebted to the lion. F. W. Pickcns, for various Public Documents, Papers, &c. On our second page will be found the report or our Representative, the Ilon. F. W. Pick. ens, as Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, upon the burning of the Steam Boat Caroline on the Northern frontier, in the win. ter of 1837. It is an able document, and con. trins a brief history of a list of grievances a. gainst Great Britain, while it clearly exhibits the necessity of maintaining our rights as a free and indepeident republican governiment. We recommend its careful perusal by our readers. His Excellency, Gov. Richardson, arrived in Charleston on Friday, the 19th inst. Yes. terday, the 24th, he was to have reviewed the 4th Brigade of S. C. Militia, on the race course. The Editor of the "Bachelor," is hereby in. formed, tl:.t not one of the fifty extra copies of his paper have been received,or any knowledge of them, either by the Post Master of this place or ourselves. S. W. Rail Road Bank.-We understand, says the Charleston Courior, that the stock holders of this institution, after an animated discussion which occupied two days, decided on the 18th inst., that having acted on the a. mendnent oftheir charter, redeemed their bank shares, and thereby accepted the same; the recent act against suspensions of specie pay. ments, has by that acceptance become a part of their charter, and they are bound by itsprovis. ions. We trust. however, that the other banks which are not thus trammelled, will have spirit and independence enough to resist the unjust and unconstitutional attempt to force upon them an amendment of their charters against their consent. By the latest accounts from Washington, and from sources which we presume may be relied on, the Cabinet of General Harrison will, in all probability, be composed of the following gentlemen: Daniel Webster, of Mass., Secretary of State; Thomas Ewing, of Ohio, Secretary of the Treasury; John Bell, of Tennessee, See tary of War; George E. Badger, of N. C., Se cretary of the Navy; Francis Granger, of N. Y., Post Master General; J. J. Crittenden, ot Ky., Attorney General. It is not certain, from latest accounts, that Mr. Badger has accepted, although no doubts are entertained by his friends. that he will. We shall postpone making any remarks upon the ability of the new Cabinet, intil we have an opportunity ofjudging by their lets. tome British writer, to be the " Paradise ofpoor V nen." A nobler tribute could not be paid te any country. Our distinguished men have mearly all arisen from poverty. Henry Clay ivas the son of a poor back-woods Baptist p~reacher. Daniel Webster, of a New Hamp. shrire farmer, in very moderate circumstances.. General Jackson was an orphan atan early age,. with nothing but his own exertions to aid him.. Martin Van Buren was too poor in youth, t. obtain a tolerable education, and it has been thrown out as a reproach, that he'sold cabbages arounjd the yillage of Kinderhook. If so, he should be proud, rather than ashamed of it. Ex-Govetnor Vance, of Ohio, entered that State as a pioneer, with an axe on his shoulder, and very little money in hig pocket. Ex-Gov ernor Ritner, of Pennsylvania, was bound out to a farmer when a boy, and once drove a team as a wagoner, from Philadelphia to Pittsburg. Many merchants in Philadelphia, have his re ceipts for goods taken for transportation. Such examples as these, should not be lost upon our youth, who are apt to fancy that if they cannot go to College, they have no chance for honora ble distinction. A newo mode of paying Specie.-The Monroe Rail Road Bank at Macon Georgia, resumed the payment of Specie, togethrer with the other Banks of that State, on the first mnstant. The Teller of the Batnk carerully weighed each piece of silver coin, as he paid it out, for notes presented, and, it is said, that he succeed ed, by a course of persevering industry, in counting ont, in the course of the first day, thir ty dollars and some cents. It is said that the first applicant, who had $400, had engaged the services of the Teller for two weeks. The Brn nch Rail Road Bank, on the first day, paid $36 10. Wonder when the Teller of the Mon roe Rail Road Bank will be at leisure. We boa two dollar note, on that institution, which we shouldt like to have cashed. The Raleigh. N. C. Paper Mill, belonging to Mr. M. Sater, (late of Maryland,)was burned to the ground, on Thursday the 11th inst., with all its contents, not a dollats worth being saved Mr. S. had in the Mill about $4,000 value in paper and stock, so that his entire loss inchtdinig his machinery, engines, &c. can riot be less than $6,00(i or $7,000. Thme fire is supposehd to have been commiunicated by a spark from the bleaching works, the day being very windy. At an election held in Hamburg ott the 8th inst , Henry Shultz, Esq., was elected Intendant, and Joseph Woods, John W. Heard, Tho. G. Key, Edward Adams. J. W. Stokes and B. Mims, Wardens. The Georgia Rail Road Bank, at Athens, hs suspended Specie payment again, being unable, it is said, to meet the heavy drat made upon it fr sneric.