Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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I reqnest the favor Or you t0 publish il your useful paper, the following extracta from the'Minutes of the Edgefield Bap tist Assosiation. WM. B. JOHNSON. The Committee, to whom were refer. red the letters from the Churches, report: 1. On the subject of the leter from 'he Edgefield. Church: This Church states, that. notwithstand ing the addition of several hutndred, since the revivaliof 1831,hy which much wealth' and niany young men oftalents. education, and property have been brought itio the Churches of the Association; yet the spir ituality of the Churches has not been im proved-the contributionl for benevolent objects have been very little mobiplied and the ministry diminished, rather than augmented in numbers. .The Churches request, that the Assoeitation will prayer fully inquire into the cause and the remedy -of this state of things. Your Committee, having taken the sub ject into serious consideration, are of opin ion, that the cause of this state of tnings is to be found in a departure of the Churches from the scriptetal mtanner or spending the Sabbath ; and in their failure to contrimte fiberally for the support of the mi.dstry, and the cause of God. In velation to the first particular, your Committee observe. that they regard the command to keep the Sabbath Day holy, its not relaxed at all under the Gospel Dis pensation, bitt strengthened ; that on this dav no work is allowed, except a work of necessity,. such as preparing necessary food, of mercy, such asa lifing an ox out of the ditch; of piety, such as attending uporn the duties of religion. They are ol opinion, that the Churches are bound. in imitation ofthe examples set in the New Testament, to assemble as Churches on every Lord's Day. anti to eugage in the duties of reading the Scnptures, singing, prayer, exercise of gifts, &c., for mutual edification and growth in brotherly love, and in tmie grace of our Lord Jesus Christ. The primitive Churches contributed, on this day. for the poor saints. These du ties should not interfere with the public preaching of the Gospel, there being sufli cient time in the day for the whole. Now, vour Committee ire of opinion, that as the Churches do not asseibile statelly on eve rv Lord's Day,in their appropriate charac ter, for the observance of the duties as sta ted nbovet hey are not acting con formahl, to the Divine Will; that they are depriving themselves of the spiritual privileges.which they miglht enjoy on this day, the right ex ercise of which would, under the Divine blessing, increase their faith., and elevate their spirituality. The general eust' m of having preaching on one lord's Day itl the month, or two at moet, has a tendencVy to beget in the minds of the members a disregard of the other Sabbaths, as day", on which duty lays no claim for strict rc ligious service, so that those days, it i feared, arespent in indolence, travelling, or visiting. Your Committee recommend, that tih Churches be advised to consider this sub ject in a prayerful examination of the New Testament, by which meani they may be led to return to the observance of primit iv. esampo. antd consecrate the Sabbath as a day holy to the Lord; that ott each retur t oft his holy season. they may be found as a body. in the Sanctunary of God,to he ile-cbcd with its spirnital privileges, to go forth from them with renewed strength for the. trials andm duties of the following week. In relation to liberal contibutionsa. for time support of the ministry atnd thme cause of God, your Commnittee are of opinionl. that there isno duty more explicitly coin mnanded in the wor'd or God than the duty of sneh cont ributions. J. God has ordaitned, that they, that preach the Gospel, shall live of the Gospel that they, ih are taught in the word, shall communicate to thema, that teach in all good .thintgs. And this duty is cotmmanided on the righteous principle, that the laborer is wort hy of his hire. The too general practice of withholding a liberal supportfrom the Ministers of dhe Gosnel, is a direct disobedience to the Di vine command. It involves in it a mohbicg of God, for as Godi calls te Ministers to preach the Gospe-l. & give t beir time whol Jvyto the work,snd lias required his~hurches t'o provide for their support, when they fail to obey this requirement, they oblige the Ministers in engtage in some worldly avocation for the -upport of themselves and their famtilies; atnd thus God is robbed o~f the serv ices of his Ministers. It involves in it a robbing of the Mitnister; l'or when his cornp~ensamtion is nmot adequate to his sup port, lie tiust make ext raordinary efforts to servo the Churches. For these extraor dinary efforts, lie receives ino compensm tion- It manunele's the officers of God's host, and unfits them for ap)pearinig like workmen that need not be ashamed. It rohis the Churche' themselves, as it pre ventS thme Ministers fr'om devoting them selves to their work, in such manner as to do the Churches the greatest good. It tnour ishes the spirit of covetousnless, which is idlolatry ; for 'his sin consists not only ini grasping at more tihan ism law fui, bitt in re taininig of that which is gotten, more than is meet. Your Committee recommend that the Churches he entreated to regard this sub ject with deep seriousness. To inquire if they have fulfilled the Divine comntmand in sustaining God's ministry conformably to His will. That they he affectionately entreated to retrace their steps,and to come forth with their substance to honor the Lord in the support of the Heaven-sent Bind of Messengers to a guilty world. That they unfetter the leaders of the Lord's host; that they take elf their manacles, and set them at liberty; that, like the Angel having the everlasting Gospel to preach, they may fly through the land' wvith th -glad tidings. 2. With referetnce to liberal contribtitons for the spreamd of the Gospel, your Comn mittee believe that, as the Lord's people are workers together with him, atnd He' s working to spread the Gospel through the! earth, it is their du'vy to work also. God is the AMighty Agent--they *ue the nstru -ments. He gives them the' nme-as as ew ards, w hich they are bound to. etnipl . mm. obedience to His, wil.- The comma-d is. .* As w e have opportunlity, let &s 4o~gob . naa~ ml-nen, especially to theta abasme ofg he household of faith. To do gooa and o communicate, forgernot; f)r 'with such aerifices God is well pleased. The liberal oul desireth liberal things and by liberal hings he shall stand." When the Apostles went preachine the Gospel. abroad, they vere bronaht on their way by 'he Churches. Now, the practice of the Churches, in ending up small contributions for the ipread #)f the Gospel. is a departure from [ospel requirement and primitive exam ple. Yonr Committee recommend that the Churches be earnestly requested to open heir hearts at the call of their Lord, that their hands may extend the needful contri Wtions, for Gol loveih a cheerful giver. Your Committee helieve, that, so far as means have any influence in preservine he life of relition in the soul, these which hey have now recommended, will, whet piritually observed, he attended with hap. py results; and that if the Churches, would o into them for the coming year, their letters will convey more pleasing intelli gence at the next meeting of this Body. and a better state of thines will be reported. 3. On the subject of the letter from the Lallih-n's Mill Church, your Committee recommend: 1. That this Body appoint the Second Mond y in November, the next Month, in eennexion with its Sister the Georgia Asso iation, to be observed by the Churches in its connexion. as a Day of Fasting, Humil. i-ition, and Prayer. on account of the dis ressing Dronuht throughout our Land thesevere affliction with which the neigh boring Towns of this and the State of Georgia have been recently visited-and the general state of Religionm declension. And forastanch as the above causes are general, your Cotnmittee would further re commend, that your Body, respectrutily re qu-st His Excellenry the Governor of this State, to procla4in a Fast to be observed throughout the State, on the above Day; and that the Moderator he requested to ,orward these Resolutions to His Excel lency as soon as practicable. All of whicth is respectfully submitted. JAM LS N. CIILES. Chair'a. 25. The Committee on the State of Re ligion, report: That the increase in the number of p-r sons admitted into fellowship during the last year. is rather less than in the previots year; whilst the contributions are larger. Yel the greater number of the Churches complain of leanness. The true state of hings in the Body appears to be, that the iritulity of the Churches is not mnnate rially improved. The spirit of the world has gai ed great aseendancy among the nembers of the Churches, so that their ittention is much etgaged about things oi his present time. The number of Or lained- Preacher% is eighteen,nnd of Licen iemtes, four, together with several Benevo. emt and Temperance Societies within the nits .f the Body. On the whole, it ai pears that there is great need of return u-g to the spirit and practice of primitive uges. W. H. JonsoN, Chair'n. 22. The Moderator also brought to thte view of the Association, the Soutith Caro lina Temperance Advocate, published weekly in Columbia, at 2 50 per annurin, is a paper alfordng effective aid in-the cause of Temperance. and worthy of the patronage of this Body. Whereupon, Message of Gov. Polk.-The Message uGoveraor Polk to the Legslature o Tennessee, is a sensible one. We make he following extract on the subject of tie recent bank suspensionts in Tentnessee: Amid whatever may have bieen the catuse ft he suspcnsion of payments by the banks sa theEast, it can furnish no sufficient ~round for the suspension of speciec paty ment by our batnks so lontg as they hav~e an ability to pay. Like inhvidtual debt srs, they should infeet their liatbilities bhtn estly and promptly as long as they atre a le to pay. What is the etfect if:a contra ry course be adopted! A few of thte bianks tt the East suspend, andI represent to the public that they are still sodvent, and. do so, bot frotm necessity. hut to retain their specie; and following their examtple, the banks of the interior, which are also rep resented to be solvent, sitspend also, not because they are under the necessity to (d0 so, but simply because the Eastern banks have suspended. So that the suspension of the banks in a sirngle city wvhichl may have indulged in excessive issues of batnk paper and batnk credits, and thtus stimtula ted and promoted over action in trade, or wt hich may have ulterior objects in view, is tade t'. operate as a suspension of pay. mets by all the bainks of the cotuntry. Surely if a batnk suispendt in Philadelphia, ilis no reason for our bauks to follow the examle, unless they are compelled by their condition to do so. The apprehension of the mrain of their specie. catn he no stuslcietnt reason, for onie of the conditions of their corporate privile es is, that they shall keep themselves at all timeis in a condition to meet their liambil ities. Whent a suspiension of specie pay. mets takes place by banks, their circula tin itmmediately depreciates in value, andI the loss falls, not on the banks but otn the .eople. The labor of the country bears the loss, whilst the banaks (luring a period of suspension are often doitng their tmost briable business. It wvas hoped that the Bak of Tennessee, of whose ability to pay specie no doubt is entertained, wouldl continue to do so. She didl pay a tday af ter te Union and Planter's banks had sius pended; but I regret to say finally yielded to the panic aroutnd her anid stopped, not fro inability to pay, but as a measuire of prudence. Her course is mneith to be re gretted, and an early resumption is, it my judgement, demanded by the interests of the State. By maintaitiing a firm statid, honestly meetitng all her engagements,atnd at the satne time extending to her dlebtors every possible itndutlgence comtpatile with her safety, her character as a State i-'ati 'ution of undotubted credit will be main tined, and, to the extent of her means to furnish t, a round enrrency will be pre served. In the future management of ihat insttttion, owned as it is exclusively by the Stateit should he a carditnal object, constantly kept ini view, to confitne her op. erations within her means, to meet he re sponsibi itie- pr .mptly, and to preserve a ll times her ctrenit inm a somund .sta e The suspension ofaymen -by the Uint a Bank and Planters bank, 'pre'sents pave q,,sinn for thae .oneidention of h , General Assemtably, In rcgard to the Wetio which should be had in relation to them. If it shall be ascertained that they have, by a rospens;6n' or specie payments in 1837, or by the more recent suspenston, or by any othey. act, subjected thetselves to a forfeiture of their charters, and it shall be deemed proper to continue ti-eir corpo rate existence. it is suggested that the oc casion may be a fit one to impose upon them such additional restrctionis as the public safety way require, and as expe rience may have eown to be necessary and proper, as conditions of the continn ance of their corporate privileges. They should be required at an early day, to be fived by law, to resume specie payments, and restricted from declaring any divi lends to the stockholders for a period of at least six months after their resumption. It is believed that they are entirely sol vent: and that they could conveniently and safely make their meansavailable, to resume payment at an early dny. and it is not doubted that they would readily yield their voluntary assent to such restrictions as the-General Assembly may he oforuin ton the interest of the State may require to be imposed. If the conditions imposed shall not be assented to, it will remain for the General Assembly to considerwhat fart-her proceedings it may be proper totin stitute consistently with the provisions of their charters. From the Globe. SOUTH AlERICA. The political condition of the Republies of this continent, is a subjeel tf equal in terest to the statesman anud the philanthro pist. The United States look with espe cial concern upon the progress of evento in this hemisphere, where the problem is to be solved of the capacities of man for self-governtme't, utinder the system of elec tive representation. The Anglo-Saxon colonies on this continent had, perhaps nothing in the scienceof civil Government, little change to effect in the exercises of rational liberty.. Our ancestors sprang in to an existence of political independence, .1tid of'religious freedom, full-armed, like ste goddess of wisdom. From political science they had no lessons to receive up. on tle univeroslity of popiular rights aniJ the sovereignty of popular will. They brought with them the principlcs of Magna Charma, of habeas corpus, and the bill of rights-a-the great charters of human liber ties, by w hich nullus liber homo, no free man shall in any manner be proeeeded a uainst but by the judgement of his peert and by the law.; of the laid. Ii Britain 4-'us the victory of human liberties achiev ed, and here, as there, maxitns of eivil Goverinent aid of religions tolcrance, have been acted upon as first principles. To the people of South America the a dloption (if constitutional Government was an experiment, new and untried. The example of the Utted States, hastened or precipitated a revolt against colonial hon dage, and with it prompted a desire in copy the forms 'of political institutions, which with us had succeeded to the colonial re ginen;differng fromAhe Anelo-Saxon,the Spanish colonieshad all to learn in the sci enee or civil Government. If the theories of the few were correct, the many were ignorant; and all were unacctstomed to the duties and to the practice of flee in stitutions. Not familiar with civil liberty, they still adhere to reliziotus slavery: nor at this day have the Republics of South A - merica learned that reliaions tolerance precedes civil reedomn. Whilst the power of religion has 1-cen rectricued to purely spir ituial Co cerns, the Constititntins of these -Republics consecrates a religion of thme State. The Republics of New Granad:,. Ecuador. anud Venertztueau, arc, howe~ver, approaching towards lhe final sepairatio tuf civil from spirinal aufibirs. Thils, to us, is ain assuranice thast thle raupidl and flattecr ing proigress whiic~h they have madte in po litical reform and impihrovemient, will lbe conitin -ed. The past history of many, and the pr~s ent condition of some. of the Suouth A merican Republics, show te severe school in wvhich they are learnine lessons of htm itical wisnom. Mexito, Guatemala and Peru, huave presented alt-trnate -spectacles ofatnarchy and military despotism. Bite nos Ayres and Uruguay nre in civil war: Brazil is in revolt, and Chili wars with Peru. From this fiery ordeal they will dotubtless pass, to order anid trnquiility, anid to the exercise of the. elective fran chise, instead of. the use of arms, the hast argument of power. General educastion, and the liImrty of mthe press, will evenmout hy inspire a public amid private morality. which. diffused among the people. will control their ambiti--us and dlesignmitg chiefs. Ofte Governments of South Amermica. as now argamized,. we presetnt t vonr rea do -s the following list of Presidentms: Mexico, Genueraul lntameu~tte. Guatemala, TIhis Republic is bioketiup into as matny itndependment States, as there* vere for mierlyplrovinces. TheCon federation is dissolved. New Granmada,Dr. Marques. Venezuela, General P'aez, Ecuador, General Floree. Brazil, Don Pedro If, Emperor During his minmurity, the Emnpire is administered by a Regetnt. Buenos Ayres, General Rosa. Uruguay, Genteral Rtivera. Chili, Genteral Prietmo. Bolivia, Getneral Vehasuco. Peru, Genieral Gamarra. Bank of Amsterd m.-Ti~ G vern ment of Sweden first tablished this bank in 1657. No stock w created ; but in stead of this, three hundred thousandl spe cie crowins were borrowed by the Govern ment, and its capital, and promissory notes were given for this mooney, payable at sight to bearer,'and carrying interest. What was thus borrowed ait fotur per ce-ut was loatned at six. upon morteage, and smneimnesupo~n pledges. The banuk-was thus at once a bank of'eiren atioun, of loan, andI of pledges or pawns. This last would hie called, in Europe, a moat de piete, or Lombard bhink. The admnin stra sonf of his bank was condiuc ed with grerit fidhi ty. and in filiy years it bad acqjuried a fund olfiafty milli ns. The Go ernent, not satisfied with this prosperous'coridition of the bank,- or, being compelled to meet an increased e~t .n esatahliahad n newr bank, Anto which the fortner was incorporated. It is sned notes payable in copper ecus of about six cents value. More liberal in its dis counts tihan the old one, this bank inade large advances.tif i's own paper to the Govenimen and the nobility. In a short time it had issued notes to the value of six hundred millions ecet, or one hundred njillion wollars. This vast eirculation of paper money in Sweden produced the same results which a like circlation has caused in all other enuliries. A tase fhr luxury and expense diffused itself among aill classes of society: the St ate increased iv: debt ; property hol dters were ruined ; coin disappeared fron circulation. The state of public distress continued until the accession of Gtistavns Ill, when lie restored the credit -f Ihe bank liv redu cing its circulation, forbidding futtire is. -nes, -1n1d by declaring its notes to be pay - able in silver. For this purpose. he hor rowed in Holland a large aniount of silver in ingots. The credit of the hank was re stored, and its notes again passed at their nominal value. The exigences of the State again reqired increased ex penditures,mo meet which large emits&sions of paper mioney were made, which cost nothine. This must ever be the means of paying extraordinary debts. by banks or governients, having the power of making unlimiitd asues of rag money. These va -t issues of notes brought with them their necessary mitendants, a swift and ruinous depreciation olithe noteq, and the total disappearanee of specie froin circulation. The necessities ofirade re quired the use of small money for change. and as specie had diapperad, the bank found it necessary to issue paper dIkets, of very low denomination, which in the Uni ted States are teried shin plasters. We have thus arrived at that experience of the ruinous efTects of paper money. which the States of Europe have long si uce loarne d, Clube. The diffcutes of the Time.-T he sick man has his aches and hi pains-hi al ternite chills and flashes of heta-all ex ressively distressing afnd uncomfiortable no doubt, but answering a wise ard whole somie purpose, warning hin against a re petition of past negligencies, and telling him that part of his -organized machinery is out of order, and that he must speedily get it its better trim, or worse will happen. Thus is it in times of comimereial disease. and thus we find it during the period of suspended payments. The grand and general remedy for these twinges and siastns is a prompt return to a better con dition--the prescription is the earliest possilile resumption of specie payments, and an application of experience to our future case. A mong other grievanees whic h tie pree ent state of 1hings imipose on us- are the eibarrassietis arising fnrom a want of change, and the influx of tle mnall ttote. of foreign corporatitons. What is ihe rem edy? As public opinion sets most decid edly against a return to the slihiplaster policy of 1637 in nny shape or way, bit oue course presents itself as furnishing the naitiral cre-the proper cure-tlie efTec tual cure, and that is, as liefore suggested, a prompt restunplioti of specie payments throughout the commonwealth. the Legis latture fixing the earliest possible day for the purpose. All other measures miiife" hy liok to a protractcl suspension-they involve a step. saint a pretty long step too, oi ards legalizing this disgracefiil and in jurious state of things, and to this a% e are very sure the Peolle of Pennsylatiia ar nut prepared to consenit espseciatlhy as they are kept altogether in the (lark as to how long it is piripoised thfat they are to lbe saddled na ith iticonvertable paper Their reply to all small bill propositions will b>e brielly aind cmphaitically a demand fir "an early restnmptioni." They are~ not1 dli-posed to go into harniess for' five, tn, fifteeni or twenty ; to avoid an inicove nienice which they have the puower to cure. -Penstlvanian. A GreaL Crash.-The Lotig Island Star says:-"Oni Saturday eve~niiig bhut 5 n - clock, the two three story honses, nearly cotmpleteid, erecting on h''urmatnt street. a gaiinti the heights, camne to the ground a heeeph of ruins. by re:ason ofthec muist suite of ifhe rear waif. andi thie pillatrs not being of sufficient strength to bear the weight of the arch. Alth'itgh several persons were engaged at awocrk onu the hiubllinig at tthe time, it is astonishinig to relate thant tnt oie was injutred-ihey heard thle crackins 'of the walhls, and tmade their escapie. The buildings were owted bty Ma r. loflinan, a mterchant oif New York, and his foss is presumed to lie over $lth,000." I rom t1ia Greeneile Mountaineer. SRna-rYUnunu C. H. 13&h Nov. 1839o. Sir :--in your paper of~ the 8thi inst. I saw no accountt ol a Religious Revival ait your Villatre, and also a request that some pierson would give you t he piarticinlars of the revival which cotmmenced a few weeks ago at thiw place. A protracted medting wvas appointed. and commtenced a the Methodist Church at this place on-the Wednesday before the fourth Salbathi in September, at which both Methoidist atnd Baptist Mitiisters la bored together, preaching to a crowdled hotnse lir nine dlays, when the uinion meet inig closed, hut preaching continued for three days loniger ini the samte Chuiirchi;anid after closinig there, nine appointments were miade at the Baptist Chareb, where preaching continued three days more. During the 15 clays and op to the pressnt time, 32 persons hatve attached themselves to the MIet hodist Churr., and :58 to he Baptis: Chinireb. Three person biehong inig to the Village have joined the Presby terian Church.,8 miiles dis ant.- Abiout 50 persons att ached themselv a t the Baptist denomninattion at Goeher C n ch, very re cently, some 14 or I5 mn les belowv this v lage. In the Presihent's Houie there is a row of plaint paint d pine tables, used by Gen. Waishington, as we undfertiatnd, when he was President, and on which his entert ain t. n: were spread!I They in conitrast -vitih the goreous funiin e. which now dlecor. tes the President's Mansion,- shows ic j. gress of tuxtury in ourconntry, and ive r e 'o refleetions not altog~ether ogre - 'hie c f vourable to the present times ! lainndri aettLe. st EDGEFIELD . It w TnuRSDAY, NOVF.MBl'IR 28, 1839. We see it stated tatt the Newspape. .redit syste it ceased in Misiissirpi, on the irst of last I onith, hy/ag.eement anin dl' ihe printers Of at State. No. name s now added to the list of pailers publish *d there, unless the money in ad ance, for P 3ne year. is forwarded. This rule is wor thy of universal imitation. State Delds.-The debts of th* States I Itave been estimated at Q200,000,000. rhe State Debt of Tennessee. is only $2,- 0 366. That of Pennsylvania, is $32,000,- ft )00! It C According to the Rieport of the 3ecretary t f the Treasury, bearing date of Novem ber 1, 1839, the aggregrate of all out-stand ing Treasury notes, anounts to 6,,394,- ,1 180, 86. t) ri Georgfia Elections.-Col. Tenuille has t been re-elected Secretary of State, Col. ti Thos. Ilaynes, Treasurer, Col. J. G. Park b Comptroller General, an Mr. A. d. lor. ton, Surveyor General. a1 AGRICULTUltAL CONVENTION. The Agricultural Convention asseinliled i at Columbia, on Monday last. We keew y not what thi.* body may do, but in a pamphlet which has recently Ieen ptm, - lished, several things have been rcomt mended for its consideration. The wri ter proposes, that it should recommend to i the Legislauire, the appointment of a Ge- I ological Surveyor for the State, the estab- A lishmetst of an Agricultural Professorship, and of an Agricultural School. Se eral of the Sti es have thought proper to ap point Surveyirt. Among them, may he - numbered M assaclusetts and Virginia. The latter State is said to have reaped great advantages from the labors of a gen tleman, Professor Rogers, highly d*tin guished in the walks of Science, whom she appninted for this purpose. Of the utility of these surveys, there ean he no question. By the v. the constituent por tions of soils are ascertained, the hario tny of mantires to them, and mines of wealth which have lain hiddeis in the bo. %Eil of the earth, for ages, are revealed. Many of these sources of wealth, tre to be fhund in our Stat a-t from them, she may derive great benefits, in the appoint m t of a G.-ological Survey With regard to (h establishment of nt Agriculiural Pe essorship in the College on the same tr ititg as the other Depart ients, we will only say, that it might he of benefit.-But whether great advanta ges. such as some may anticipate, would result, from it we are somewhat inclined to -lonbt. The course Of studies ptt. sited in the College, is already sufficient ly extensive to employ all the time of the students Even now, ma . of the young mn acqure bitt a very superficial nequatin tance of the v'ario. s de -a tmteuts f krmnW ledge, to which they give their datily at ttentiont. W hat r-eally prufitabile kntowl -dge enubd they acquire tof Agrieulture, in ant in~titution, wshere the studies are so mtultifariotus, and so dillicult, anti any one of whl, ib, s e otugh to cou p' y their w hole ime? We fear that aumid the attractive st'ilies of Criticism, th Belles Lettres, Languages, and the uh use Sciences, Agriculture wouhld le own into the shatde. The epart e Ag-irulture. mtight prove a sineeure. But if the Leg islatuare woul est ii a . ss-ar ip of this kindi, w~ h amp~le -*nja meutis, and woulid permit all the young men wvho chose, in attend in i , ex.. Iusirely, leairnitng Agri enulet , both piractienil5y and theoret ida ly, grt'ar g od oi.l d u I ar se. Tihe feer, for Eu tion, abould C course, lie mtodlerate. A Professoiship, of' this char acter, would problaly.', bt the pre~senmt time, siupercede the necessity ouf an Agricuhtural Scho l, w' ichi -- also be; in propose. The beunefits arising from these Jnst utions are marked & well ktnownt. Several have been establishted in Europe,- and aire said to have productive of good. The celebrated one at 'ffwvyl, in Swirzer land, numbers among its sttd.. ts, n aives of the various king of Europe, nnd of North and South merica. ' t is very favorably spoken o y travellers, andh others, and ih es ablishmtent of schools si i it - i en prnposet some of the States of our Uuion. At this school. the young .nen are taught by able Profes sors, scientifically, and at the samte time, pract ically. it studying a ietdture, in this manner, alone, ca yo ng mn' I n it t orough l5. It is a mtistake, to suppose t i thte attention of:, few mont- s to it, in a Col lege course, can be of much advantage. Of all sciences, r it s one, perhaps it requires the most sedulous and unremit ting application for years, to obtain a mnas tery o t. t as been truly saaid, that the Planters constitute' the F s: Est:.t t:a. realm; a while other classes have ad vanced steadily itt imnprovement, they cotmparatively,h ta e stood still. The spirit of imnprovem t. is abroad in the land, bit they have imbibed a very smiall portionof that spirit. Do they aspire to offices of distinction, and do they desire to attain that influence' in society, to which they ae ju.st. entit-ed?: Thenss hould thsey ady l1:cir profession thoroughly. its do e students tir Law.bMedicine, or Divinity. 'e trust that our Legislature will plaeo thin their power, the means of acquir g that knowledge, which is so impor. nt to them, and of ihereby elevating etrselves to that enmimanding statiuni r which Provi.'euce designed them. From our Columbia Corresyn~dnt. . CoLUsMfA, Nov. 20, 1839. This Town ias been unusually dull the -eset- senson, anl since the suspension specie pa,% menis by a large portion of e Banks of the country. there has been perfect stagnation in its Cotton trade. is true that the Commercial Bankgreat. to its; credit cominues to redeem its ftes but the comparatively limited amount itq discounts which its high position rces upon it, is producing with sotne, no tile grumbling, and complaint. So it is, olumbia at present is no market for Cot n or searcely any thing else. Money is arce and eoinniands almost any price. we had the Rail Road or a good river, ing., even now, woutld go on very nnothlv. Notes are discounted only at irty days, and the Cotton cannot he ear. ed to.Chareston, and the proceeds re rned in time to meet the payments. If e Road was completed, the time would ample. The Stores are now well sup ied with Drv Goods. Groceries and rovisions, and on this day my eyes were et hv a drove of as fine Western flogs tlWv ever saw. ' So you will see that ere is a fair chance for the Law-Makers thie land, to feed well. Next Monday iu know, the Legi.lature will convere, ad the Town, I believe, is ready. The Ch --rleston Courier of the 22nd inst. iys,-The following Gentlemen were esterday-elec'ed Directors #f the South Vestern Rail Road Bank ;-Wm. Gregg Vi Patton, C. A. Maawood C. Edmond ton. Alexander Black. J. Dunovant. aMe" Leeare. J.- R. Iayes. N. C. Maor eeni. James Rose, Ed, in P Star. Robert Alina, D. F. Fleming. The same paper of 23rd inst says. ames Roe, Esq. was yesterday inani. riously elected President of the South Vestern Rail Road Batik. Communications. 11r. Editor: A champion of the Gin Sho"p. under the nposing nmiie of "Cato," has underta. ten. in the Charleston Courier, to etilight. :n the good people of South Carolina, )pon their constitutional rights and privi eges. IHe has very learnedly demonstra ed, in his own opinion, that the existence if the "dram shop" is itiseperable from -ivil liberty. Ile spouts in Kings Cam iyses' vein aibout * crippled conetitutions," Inl - polated hearth's," and with the like ile drivel, concludes by delivering a post dolorous Jeremiad. upon the pros >evt of having the "poor people yoked by heir neeks." After involving himselfaind lie question in visible darkiness, he deals ibott him. with a most reckless haud, all he cant slang, about the rights of ihe ieople, which is every day retailed in the mr room, along with the liquor. Wheth r this writer is, hienelf. able to compre end the question. and like some desiening eaingo ine, is pandering It the base pas ions of a besotted mob, or whether his ie toronce is unfeined-whether it is his auh or his misfortute, is not for me to de ermtine. I have only to do with his atrgu etnts--to expose them in their naked mhecility anid deformtity, and to show Vat .-Cato" himself is grossly ignorant 'f the subject, upon whieb lie very modest !qtiundertakes to lecture the L egislature of S. Carolinia. "Cato" enters into a very elaborate ar pimenit to prove, what any school hiey m-ld have told hinm, namely, that it e States haos granted to Congress the right so regulate cotnmerce'. And he very tri um~tphntly demtonstrates, that the 8th see lion of the first article of the Constitution, wicih gratnss the power to Congress, is ,ctuallt contained in the C'onstitution! Now itis sonmewhiat ~nforsinare for -Cato' ail she drm shops, that this most excel lent argumsent lhas noth'ing at all to dho with the question before the people. lis attempt to prove, that this State r'an tot surpress~ dratm shops, hecennse Connresq is the right to regulnte ci non crce, is ike the argumetnt wihiich piroved.--that 'IMartin Luther was not the great Reform r of the 16th century, Isy denmot-strvtieg lint pease-porridge wats iii-, made of v elsh atbbit. W~henever the quest'oni is made as o te pow%1er oif thme State to purol ibit ti a mnportntion of liquor, and thus intirfe. o iith the regulations of eommerce. i it I te ltme enough to consitder'* Cat's'~ rgu rmetts. At present T shall consider the ower of the Legislature to regulate the tile of ardent spirits-the question upon which it will be called t act. "Cato" afirms. "that there is no eonsti tutional right to prohibit the sale and conl mmsp:ion of any article of commerce in which there is capital and labor, in this State; andI if there he ino right to prchibit, t is a flagrant usurpation of our privileges to get rid of conutitutional impediments, by the evasion of a tax."' Hire thuen, we ave the constitutional nrgument as put rorth by the dlram shops. "Ca-o" with nore zeal thiant undrerstanding, he 1tdly as ens, that the State has noat the right totar,, a prohibition the trade in ardent spirits. Let us candidly xamnine this aren:#at, tand see how it wi I hear the test oif scri ti y. The first step) in he course of ini -y is, hna~ the State any right to tatx the rade at all? Trhis question has long since teen determined by our Courts. Every nan w ho now trades in liq'tor,itn thin State, iys a tax t ihe Governmment. The que. tion then being settled, tse the State hams he right to imipose e tax. I desire to uuiv w hat a'rtle in the Conut itution flies limi' to that 'ax? .It ;s eontstitutiontal l'e he Legi..iatur t* imrpose a tax of fifir lollars. t his is ,&cided; when wonhd the afx >comne unrtoaistitutional? it does ~ee hat it wolrqur very bmlflhjnotfiv ibrntoetah'y any man to dm t hai to zeaislature has Mie right to mpos, tax upon this tede, there can mptjituhional disbitytompea' inn amount whap'er. *0ips .yiepwer of decid.g upon the amont