Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Fromt th So1th-C'aro*inian. "THE COTTON CtCLAR." Tt is not my purpose 1o aiulize a!l the nbst.ract propositios set forth in this ex traordinary documeenit-a doentment which is entitled to rull as imeich weight from tihe tames attached to it, -is frmi any mcrlt it may have in argnmet, or the prifoundl truths it advances. I hall confine mysel to a very lrief examination of the practi cd troposiions it contains, for the fittire action0 of ihose interested in the productiion of cetton. Before we cons.ider this sub ject in all its bearins, % c muust not too readily adopt the idea, Ihat the producers and constiners, the peculatos and re::;u lar purchasers, of the article for conuiter eial purposes.-to.-,ether wi:h the Banks on both sides of the Atlntiet, nil have the same interet aid are .!iko nCer4ed. This might be so, if manktlindi could he brought to net upon that sublimne principle in morals, laid down by its Dik inc Aithor, 66 dIo unto others as you would be dune by." But, unf1e tunatelv f;r hn:na niture, we I have seen !! mci mn th hit t ory of eveCn the last few years. to induce us to bole', .that abnosi the reverse of tiL. ohiciple. I the basis ofaction. Th t th~re is a diler ence of interest i ihl !;rent casse enni cerned. is too obvious to need illostrmion. The Circular proposes to protect !te plating or producing in:e:Lat. t1%ut It nut be oaserved, that there i even a-dil feretice in that intcrest. There are a large portiion of planoters, partcu:llarly ii the Sooth-WVest, who are 'delitors, and t !ere are a large portion in the SombiI, who al thtough they may not be creditor , vet ihank God, are tinot D1-.::rTo. It wi'l he readily perceived, thaiiit those v.h o are dlbt or-, ma.y desire advinces, whi;le those who are no,. aiy he independent of a,! vatnces. Now, it strikes me, that the Cir cular proceeds upon tlie idei, that all planters are debiors, andi need protelion. This r utterly deny. It tay he, that there are planters, who have ah-orbed their dis titict character as such, in the character of speculators in tle pitreliase and sale of cotton, and it may be very expedieiii for all such, to ally themiselves " tilt bani and reerive tho faciliiies that imtanied insitiutions, miny afford them in their ohjecls; but what may *be life to thein may he death to those, % ho choose a vcry dilTerent course. Considering the vast variety of indiiidu al interests, it is a very doubtful proprioi tion, whether any comhiintinii can be formed, whose benefits will extend thein selves equally to all; and a still mtore doubt ful oae, ifeven such a cobihination could be formed, whiher in the end, it would tor produce like conibinat ionson thewiher .jde', that would create sneh vibrations in the price of cotton ns ralier to agra vate, than allay the evil now compained if. is it to lie supposeti. that if we com - bine with the banks here, to hold the cot ton, so as to make it ptrodnte' what we tmayi suippose a faill price,. that the -piuners and mnanufaicturers, boith ini New Enigland a wel-l as 00i Eniglantid, will nut lik.ewi~e combine together withtIheir hatn.s io de pres< the :article ? an:d hct ween the t w' operatiions, inst e.id (if the recinlari ty aind cert ainty in the price. (nv I hh i he ci reih professes to dlesire.) precel the reverse will be prodnieed ? Lset ns look at the operation a momtetnt. Other counitries. besides the U. States, rpise cotton ; an1 ii may be the initerest of coiisumners, ini Enic land aiid in this~ country, us well as France. to etncourage and foster lie produiction out < of the United States ; and we should bei careful tn do nothing~ that miay dii e bhem into cotncert of action for that purpose. I I suppose the present growth of c-ottoin in the world. to be ahotit 00,000,0001 pounds. Of this, uhie U. States produce ai bout 1,500.000 hags, or 525.000.000 lbs: 190 millions in Asia:30) miillionitnii Ecvyt: 30 millions in Braizil: 40) milliongs in Mex-i ico and South Amneric:, ont of Brazil ; 20.) millions in Morocco, and alon t he --oast of the Mediterrainean, in A frica. andi 10i imillins in the West Indiew, &c. &c. T..x-I as, will also, rapid!ly ris'e into a greait cot-I ton recgion. When s:imrunlaited. thIere is tno prodluctin that cant hce mla-!e to inicrease more rapidly. In 1791. there were oinly two millions of pounds crown in the U. S. of which Sout h Carolina produceed 1,500,. 000 lbs. lit 1321, there were only 170. 000,000 potunds zrowni in the U S'ates, (f which t his State produced 50 milIlions. So that we see ini the short period ofa few years, htow the article cait lie dloubled. Is it wise or prutdetnt in tt, to purstte stneh a cottrse as will be indirectly a boutnityfor its prodtuction elsewhere 1 We nuowi raise more than 500,000,000 pountds, or~ hlfl die prodnect of the world, antd if we pursue ai wise attd prudent enturse, satidfied with what is reasonable anid righti. without grasping at too mnehi, we shll, ini a fi-w: v'ears, drive out all other competitors, cx eept Texas. Butt, if lby ullitiers withI great imonied corpora'ttns, we at temp lt to form a comnbinaition fibr thle puripoji- of controillinig thec market. coniceri will inte v'itably be prodtieed bectwtetn those coun tries, to which I have alluded above, to geitier with ithe great conisuinit intere'si of the world ; aitd thtey will throw inito he .ru..:.t. neon nnUunaJ or ponds ms nthey now do, hut thrcc times tinat amount. Let d - us look at the inierests directly involved in this matter. There are about 350 millions of pounds annually constumed and an u ;'I- n factured in Englanid ; about 90 millions in France: 15U millions in the U. States; -10 millions in Germany ; :20 in Prussia, and Russfsia is al so heconing^- ; consimeir, besides nore than 2010 millions in India and China ; and snore or less now it every civilized country im the world. If we then combine with our mniedtl institutions' t to hold back and keep s-he price ip), by any indue action, the resubi % ill be, that we shall have the manuf1Caturin.g capital o Great Brimin, with the bank of England and the resourcesof the 1Briti-h Govern ment.at its back, in like combinati'o -a gainst us. Secondly, we siall haveFlsrance, anil her capital ; and lasst, ltsousgh 11o least, we slall have tihe ms a no facturing cap - talists of te U. Ssiates, with tiseir banks. against ass. I subiti in candour to those whosf have C writtei this Circular, whether all these comlin1a1tions, and counter combination<'. are likely to produce certainty and stablii . 1Y in the prive, to the American planter. Are we a people who can act in concert ? We have a fixed and sparse population. Wev bas e little or no floatiig Ca)ital to a mieet all Shese great issues inl trad' , a t thek cionseqiuenc will tie, talit nC shall be at the mercy of speenhlors and banks. h and becomc the ridicule and pity of the t( world. ii The Circular, after severn! general oh servations. hais this lanuage-"In one n ord. is not tShe iltportait fart disclosedt. that such is the unwieldy amount of this reat staple of southern industiry, that it rannot lie sent forward and disposed of C fair retunerating prices, thiouh tie or iinary mediuim of Iie mercantile estah- U lilmeni l of this cotinty asnd Eustrope. l without tlie direct co-operation of our banking institutions ? If we have become sati'ched of this facs, oigit we not to or zanize a system which shall give perfect zeurity to this great interest itn the com nerce ansd finances of our country ? Ifa by l unw ielfly amsount. " the Circular reanls the hulk or quantity, and ihat t her ire "'hanking insstiitituis" mut take -harge of it, and ilsat fite inidi% idual enter prkie and resources of a great natinn of people. are unable to isandle or shil it, it s rc lien ceriainly a new idea, left to be dev ti +ioped its this age ofimprovement and utili- si srianism. Pcrhatsps it would be well fim 0 is, at onmc to resolve the w'whole union1 il al o a hanking eorpotratinn, to carry on that tv ortion of commerco -that may be s fi- t wvieldv in amouni." So far froin admit - a itig it to be an " im portant fact disclosed. p! that such is the un wistly amisut1 ofcotton. r( hat is canniot be trausmittedl," &c., withs- rt sut the '"direct co-operation of our bank- it in institutions," I utterly deny the exis- al reice of any suci fiuer. The only thing i hat conloi his to dread, is the combination h: i the banks with specuiaturs ; from their is uarsdians care, good Load deliver tus. All Iu ssasks is an open and unt~ammsselled tnar- w ~et, ins the course of reguslar husiiness. is w Sas eccomae of late a quasi cus retncy ins ihe i oimecial wvorldh, and wiillltake she plasce L. f oins to as great exient, in forsign trans- b; nissions. Gol and silver tisemsselves, are d .'tmetimies subijcf5t to Im prary flucstuitin w t certain points, and become the objects fombnat~saions andl sprecsdatioas. So is iu il be with cotton, ainil is is vaitn to ex sset 5o preent is. There casn be nso pro 0 luctic' on eqlsi to cot tont, itn pasSent of p' lhts, bsecause it hsas alamosi aunivsersality of p lendis, assd unaiversality' of pi ice; hence, it et S destianed tso btcomeis the reguliator of do- C estic and fore-igns exch'antges, and has asn ateendenit valise, in that operations,- s rte idea susggested by thle " Cot ton Circu- a sr is, that banlks shosold advaince St those,b vho owan the arsicle, so nearly its value, r o as to eatable tem so hoid is as long as ti tey imasy 5 hink parope'r. &c. Now, I ssake P tat you situst pa-y ste banskth a htandlsomet bl er cems. for this advantcetment. Thtev t nuss snake it a profitabsle bussintess, or they s' ever will ensgage in it IiTen a " remau. ti ierting price" insst lhe receivedl, to ensa ie the pla ater' to be indemnilied for what ti me pays die bank. This result, I feasr, viil not he so very certains. The whoule a ialsis of the smat ter is, that tite banlksb w ill advance thaeir cr'edit so the holder P af cotton, atnd upon she faith and credit of a otton itself. That is so say, she pianiter C wal pay~ thienm a per'ens . for their credlit c advancedl sponi an article, whieb hat, besser 0 e'edit li 'e hundrlaed mtiles nfl', titan they themselves hacve. Hle holds an article, upon which thsero is the best credit, and eves a premsiumsa for worse c're't'. Tiss i a baeautifsul finanaciai operation inideedl, tr sa sesnsible mtan to adopts ! [s may do - for those-who are in straightened circum-s.t staces. and fosrcedi to raise funds for imame hiate dtemand.ti, but no others. Let the planer hstl on, if the price dones not suait ~ i, wits.W5hoot joliimng anty comnbination so rc'eive '"asdvsances.' L.es hits get she ~ a hole benefiS oh his cotton, withous agree ig to divide its credil or profits wvilh thle ~ banks. As to lie proposition mtade in she ~ Circular, that the Blinks shoulsd issue ptost ft notes, &c., I htold it to lbe not worthy a moments conisideratiotn. it strikes me- e. tsat te dasy is past, when ausy onse wiil se- l .icttei etertainl a grave intentinns of ad - mlg to te itrecemae circulaiaun oft !! untry. It wouhl be too great an outrage poll the experience and good sense of the ammunity. For banks in advance post Otes upon our cotton, would lie literally tking trash, and avowenly circulating wir credit as the mensure of value. 1f it were not fur the high names attach I to the Circular, we void-l ie indhiced ) believe, that it Ipropoase a scheme bI -hich tle hanks are io cet control of t he 1minlg erop, it) enable theim to stistaii Iemutselves. We know that 6he importa Onls have bteen very heavy ill he last year ld the bowled debts of corporations nre eyond any accurale estimate. The ilTereit States cannot owe less tha1 $13, 00.00(0, borrowed int diflierent forms, from urope, to enable them to prosc ute I lcir igantic schemnes of visionary and profli ate, as well as iscful improverments. All uis, connected with the commercial debt. well calculated to create heavy hajances 4ainst us. In .annary, 1837, the hank rculation of the U. S. wasS14;S000,000. tISpetltsioni took place 12th1ay, following, nd rerumption in soncthing more than a ar after. But it is remarkable, at the :sumption, how littic tle general prices revery thing were effiected, except wild mds of the West. Now,irthere had been sound resumption, and contraction of pa r i-Sues, to real conrerible paper, prices aghit to have fallen greatly. Ifthere had !en a great contraclion ilf* the circulation a soutid basis,. it would have produced int eTect for a ime. The truth is, tiat rcutltioni has not been greatly contracted. may bave assumed ditlerat firms. A any I ank bills may not be inl circulation, mi domestic hills have vastly increased,and iks do their businesstnow in exchanges. redit responsibilities are not noW much low wiat they were in Januarv. 1837. Iider itese circumstaicie-, it will lie dif ithi for those banks that have advanced rgely, arid ventred into the field of spec aution, eit her in exchanges or produce, sustain themselves, unless they can get mirol of ilic coming coonn crop. It will to them a substitute for specie, ando en le them to do busiess ipon credit andI r(d uee, instead olcon fining themselves to e legitinie ohbjects of conimmercinl bank ig. Ve all know the vast power of cut in during tle last suspension, and it was at, and tliat alone, whiebh enabled us to sumc as soon as we did. The bank of' e U. Statw-, imme-liately aftet supen on, issued bonds for more than 85,0 '0 10. payable in London, twelve months rter date, and sold theta in New Yorki, at velve and a half per cent. for remittances England. It thn came into the South id Soutl-West, aid s l'd it., bills it a reminiom of 10 per cent. for the Iocal cur mcy. Their tlts were thus bouiiht for omittances to the North. The bank ithen Ok the local currency of* the cotton state, id purchased cotton at 8 and 9 eeitc, in e summer of 1837. This they may not av done as a bank, but it is shaiel--ss npudeneP to say they did .-1 ue :g tts rthis puirptose, andI lid th 't idir i* ly uichi they daredt not 'o dtrectl.. It w-s ithi his cotion the IBanuk was etile to et their bonds r:: nning to imatutrity itn oton. AntI butt fur this oper'ationt, that ik couldl never have resum ted .C~ he :t it, if at all. I will no, pre "ndl to say hat has been made i' net -:uoli ' y thei ink, but it was th .' op' ation that gave resources equivalenm to specie. I thinik foreign bonds1 amounted to near87,000, )0 which wvere sohil at a piretnium of 124 rcn.If' this be a dev"' pm'- o 'he w' anti resurces of cotton over the irrecy and banking operatiot- of this mntry, lien those whose labor pro hitces ought to have its full 'tenefit, andt they ill be guilty of stupid folly, if they ever .,in peirmni themtselve's to he outwitted a foreign instit Utioni, commandii ug tth e s'rces wvhich 00-1 and Nature e~ve to em. A ng combitnation 1' the banks as o'oscd by the Cirenlatr, oul inle, it a-1 y result ii throwinug ihe resources of cot n inal ly int'' the hands of the gigantic tck inter'st of the North. hose ta ks in ieSouth, (for instance int Charleston,)that nestly detsired to conifine th~emselv~es in te lerimuate objects of commercial bank I would not enter i -o t he arr gemetnt, d the resuilt wvould be, that speculating snks wrouild Ite m-e wi-, North--rn futnds, recisely as they hi' e been used1 in Missis ppi antd elsewhere, ,o s"- in 'e-the -uth rn panter out of the just profit 0- his ttoi. Nit! uzive *m a pro opi payment f jusm liahiliti s froti baniks as well as in ividuals, wvith a gold & silver standard into0 rtich we can immediately and practical ' convert all paper; anid the southern lut r, b confines himself mo plantitt", uithout spreudation, asks no aid from banks -his cottn will be his passport' rotah) w.eutiutmercinl worl. By the blessinig tof leaven. he is ennbled to raise the nobtlest ;eed that w~as over given for the conmftort f the human fmiiy-a weed, dlestinued to iak a new era in modlerin mrct, if iose who raise it have spit it and virtuc nogi to scorn andh defy the batiking anti peulatng gutacksu of the tday. I hiave no le that the -lavc-holding rac could iaintain their liberty or indiepetndence for e years, without cotton. ft is that whlich ives s our enetrgy, our enterptrise, our In elligenc, amil commands the respect of reig powers TPhe Egyptian mlay lotok .:,l, ,cronion to his Nile, as thie soure of he power and wealtm of Egypt-the pi ,rim and inhabitant of the Holy Land, nay hathe in sacred Jordan, and take !onifort from washing his sins-the Hin Ia0. mny worship the Lotus, under an idea hat Vishnu created Brmiiah froim its on olded flowers ; but a genuine slave-hohler n South Carolina, will ever look with everence to ihe Cotton plant, as the source if liii power and his liberty. All ihe parch nents upon earth could never protect him 'rom the graspinx avarice and fan.tical 'ury of modern society. If lie expect- to >reserve the peculiar institulions of his lot.trV, and transmit them to posterity, te must teach his children to hold he -otion Plant in one hand, and the sword a the other, ever ready to defend it. A COTTON PLANTER. JOTTINGS DOWN IN LONDON. No. I11. BY N. P. WILLiS. I think Lady Stepney had more talent mad distinction .crowded into her pretty 0oms. last night, than I ever before saw utsuch small compass. 1t is a hijoit of a ouse, fulil ol";ems ofbtatuary and painting, mti all its cnplacitv for company lies in a mall drawini room, -a simaller reception. Oom, and a very sm:all, but very cxquiisite oidour-yet to tell you who. were there vould read like Colhnrn's list of atitfiors, tdded to a paraaraph of noble diners out mzohe Mornin POst. Tile largest lion of the evening certainly vas the tnew Persian Ambassador, a ntmti ix feet in his slippers; a height which. vith his peaked calpack, of a ot and a mr., superadded, keeps him very amuch inon-g the chandeliers. The principal irticle of his dress does not diminish The .iect of his eminence-a long white shawl vorn like a cloak, mid complktely encve oping him from teard to toe. From the Iisted shiawl arouni his waist glilters a lagaer's hilt, lump'd wiih dianonds,-and liamonds, in moosi izzling profusion, al nost cover his breast. I never saw so nany together except in a cabinet of rega in. Close behind this steeple of shawl imd gem, keeps, like a short shadow when e sun is high, hisLxcellency's Secretary, i dwarliably small man, dressed also in ashmcre ai calpack. and of a most ill ;vored and how-siringish counitnance and,] nien. Te Imaster atid man seei chosen or contrast, lie conmienance ofthe A m mssador expressing nothing but serene tood nattire. The Amhassador talks too, mod tle Secretary is tdumb. Theodore Hook stood bolt upright a ainwt a mirror door. looking like two lheodore looks trying to -ee which was aller. The one with his face to mae look ng like tle incarnation of t John Bull Wwspaper, (of which lie is Editor.) for vhicb expression he was iniebted to a very ed face. and a very round subject for i mtionel u) coat ; while the Hook with iis back towards me looked like an author, br which he was indebted to an exclusive riew of his cranium. I dare say Mr. look would agree with me that be was C-1. oi the whole, atit most enviable ad o;ningC. It is so seldont we look, beyond hle an. at the author. I have rarely seen a greater contrast in >erson anud expret-sion ialin htetween Hook md Builwer, who stood near him. Buth vere talking to ladies-one bald, hurly, iprighit, & with a tise of immoveablegrav iv, the other slight, with a profusion of -rling hair, restless in his iloveients, & f a coumiienanfce whtich lights up with a nddeti inwa :rd ill umniitm r. Hook's puar ter ini the coniversationt looked into his lace r~ith ai ready prepuaredl smile for what ha vs going2 to saiy,Bulwer's listemned wimh an uterest comp llete, hut without effr. ook~ wats sutferinit from what I thinik is he comnih enrse of a reptttation fEr wit -t he ex pectit ion oh the listener hitl out -uii the performanoc. Henry Butlwer-, whose di plotmatic pro. notion goes oni much faster than catn be leasing to " Lady Cherely," has just re eived his appointment to Pmis-ti-e ath ect oh' his first wishes. Hie stood near his roitier, talkmng to a v'ery hteantiftul and elbrated womani, and I thought, spite if if her Ladyshipi's descriptioni, I had eldom seen at inire intellectual face or a nore eentlemaiv exterior. Hlaywaird, the translator, sat talking to SDowager Duchess iFonblanque stood vith hik sombre visage against the wall, .vhile hishIeatntiftul wifo sang to the tal Persianti 1hMorier, atithlir of H aji Baiha, t ided abotni with hi, fote, shmaiiing head mda rrirth loving counitenance, andI diplo unatista anid anthors, dandies, dames, atid lemoiselles, all people " of miark," circula ed to and fro, listened to the mu tsic a lii tle, mn looked up at the Ambassador a great lea!. Late in the evening came in his Royal Iliiiess, the Duke of Cambridge, anid I vodereil, as I hail dotie mianiy times he Fore, when in comtpany with one of these RoyaIlubrothers, at the uncomfortable eti 1nette so laboriously obIservedI towairds hem. WVherever he moved in the craw led rooms, every body rose and rstood si ent, andI hv civitig way much more thtan r any one.else, teli a perpetual circular pacearounid hiim, ini which, of course, s coniverwation had the effect of a lectture o a listeniing audience. A more embar -assed tmaniner amid a miore hesitatting mode af speech than the D~ukc's I cannot con eive. -lie is evidtent ly gene tt the last de ~re with this huislesque customti-and in the soecty of highly eniltivated atnd aristo eraticat tpersons sneh nts were present, lie would be delighitedl to pitt his H ignness into his pocket. when the footmani leaves hi at the door, and hear tno mnre of it till e goes againi to his carriace. There as great curiosity to know wvhethier die Duke woul ihiink it etiqtuetical to speak to the Persian, as in conseq~uencie of. the iller nic" ht w(een thle Shah andt the British en oy.the tall minister is not received at the court of St. Jmeis. Ladty Stepntey in troded thema, hiowever, and thieti mthe Duke again must have felt his rank noth tg less thtan a nuisance. Ii is awvkward n~og,ai any tiime, to cotnverse with a fore ner who has tnot fort v English wordls iti s vocabulary. hnt wh-at with the Dutke's esitating andI dilfleult titte-rance. the si ence andh atmenitioni of thme listeniing guests, .nd tem Persian's deference nnd comtilete inabiitty to comprehiend a syllable, mhe scene was quite painful. There vas some of the most exquisite amateur singing I ever heard after the Company Ilhinned lof a little, and the fash ionable -ougof the day was sung by a most beaItifutl w .V1tifltl, in a way to move half the coinintiv to tears. i ir in'led 'R uth,' and is n kinul of recitative of ihe passage of Seri put re. " t'he' e thou goest I icill go," te. You will probably find it in the ]Last im poriatiot of inusic. Lover sng some of his delicions song in his ilwr, delightful matnner, and by the way, lie is talkiting of gointg to file UIitc(i States 'o tr y there liis profe!ssion of minia ture painter. ie is clever at every thing, and will be no smnall acoui:siion thi in the arts in that hIIlienilt line, and to society. Mrs. Hill's beautiful "-Flower Waltzes," of which I broughtt over a few copie,. have excited some wonder as American compo sitions. They are played now, iiilh ad miration. by some of the fairest fiieers of May Fair, and .I think, stand in good chance of ruling the hotir. In my account ofAlhtack's I did not mention a new qud rille, called the Q-teen's favori-e, which is sung by the hand to castanets. It lies into one's heels like mercury LoNoFvTr.-31arie G eanne Robin a colored woman. died at the residence of her gratdu daghter, in Circus street on Wednetlav last, at the advanced age of one hundred and seven years and five moibA. Up to five months since, she was able to walk to church, to knit anti at tend to the Itsitess of hotsewifery. She never wore specs, nor any oilier artificial aid for the sight. Her dloetor-s hill through life anottnted to just nothing at all. her a ptthecary's ditto. She never took a dose of medicine, whether cream of tartar or glanher salts. calotnel or lobelia. In the same honse with her lived-and still lives there-ber daughier, who is seventy years of age; ani her grand-daughter who is fifty years of age., and ler-grea grand-son who is sixteelt vears old. The mot her of the deceased died in this ci4y, aged one 'hundred and one years. Marie Geantne Robin. was horn in the ueighlborltood of this city int 1731, anti has never since been out of the -State. A re trospective glance at the events of which this city has been the theatre, in ite inte rim will show u; what changes may. he witnessed in the period of an individual's existence, though that individual had nev er snoht or looked for ciange; she had seen New-Orleatis grow up from a few wooden huts to a widelv extended city, with its hilh spired churches, its palace, like hotels, with their domes ani copolas. and its luxurious lookinug private edifices. She saw thev time when its commerce was carried on in a few Spanii b:toms, whose arrivals were "far between," and she had lived to witness its wharves crowd ed with the shipping of every eomnmer-ini nation in the world. She has seen the time when its population numbered little more tan a fev Iundred French aduven turers, anti ere she departed this life it be ene the residence of a population of 100.011) and hailint from every nation in Europe as well as tle childret of this con tinent. She saw four changes in the gov ernmttet tlvttnsty oflie colony or State. She knew it in the possession oiffrance, then of Spain, of France agatii, and ere she died it was without other rulerthan its own fiee citizens. All these changes but little - Tect:d the peaceful current of her- life, or distrbed the even tenor of her way. She enjoyed the bliss of ignoratice in every thing but what passed inmediately under her eye. Iler wants and h,.r wishes were few.-She lived on remroved from indigence, ntI was stratnger to ltuxttry antd superficial ni ants. HeIr children, her grandl children are" up abhout her, and a-regnlar atte'ndance at chuircht and the peritodical cotnfession of her sints was the unzrdetn of her care. Hler 'leathb like l-hrlie, passed offint quiet. N. Picaiyun Nv:* YoRK. Aug. 28,-2 o'clock, P.ME. The Lowe, Ilack Schooner, Capturd. The runiaway schootner has bteen captutedl ty the U. S. sturveying brig WVashiington, Lieut. Gedney, and carriedl itnto New Loni dIon. Shte is the '-Amiistad," of Puerto Principe, Ctuba, atnd wgas owned byr a Mr. Cairias, oif that place. A t the timte she wvas taken possession of by the slaves, she was bound frotm -havana, to Neuitas, with it cargo of dry goods. andl about fifty slnves. The slaves rose upon the captain and pas setngers, antd killed nearly the whtole of ihemt. The trial (of these blacks will involve severaf curious questions, whlich we shall notice herealier. P. S. Sioce wvrhtintg the atbove, we have received thle followitnc letter: ( Corresponidece of thec Jour. of Commerce.) .N,:w Los os, u'g. 27. I1839. 'The surv'eying brig WVashington. Lieut. Gedtney, put in here last ntighit, with the schooner reported by your pilot boats She proves to be the schootter which left H-avatia in Jutne last, with negroes. for a neichiboritng port.- The' slaves murdered all t he white mten,. anti thtetn intended mo go to A frica, but brounght up Oin tbis c-oat. Site had touched necar Montauk Point, ;ad got nl supplv of water, &c.. The head negro 'tt tped ov'erhoard whetn the boats front the brig came along sidle, atnd it was with somte uiienctlte' he was re covered atnd snaved. The negroeu madte tio resisinnee. One otfuthe whit e metn saved is the owner of the slaves, as be says. One or' two( of the negroes died yesterday, andi several are sick. It is said that there is montey anit jeweIs on btoard, of the value of $84t.0)0, butt this is mere repo.rt. Tlhe schooner jies downt t he harbor,awatitig the arrival of ihte U. S. Marshal. [This nian it-t-restinig xptloit for the boys of~ the Washintgtont for site was mnnted wit It thirty or fort y Natvy A pylretiice 11oys, atnd only three nt foutr mten. She is etn gagedl itn surveyitig thee c st.-Eds. Jo..r. Commuerce. Wearc infirme ' that t wety-vone hatnds on lhe platnt atton of Get:. Gletrge Blair, of this '-nrisht, pielid, on It. ] h tilt.. :,4tt5 poundti of coto', ain average of 1632 potn's to :h hand. severail of whtom are under tiue age o'f.15 years. It w as the se otnd ny's pickitn ont Getneral Bitah's .luninehm-MAd D:i.c. WhAg EDGEFIELG. in THURSDA r, S:EMSER 12. I839. The Ld., field Philosopdhical Society assembled in the Court fiouseon the 9th instant. A lecture " On the Dignity and Ilp:ortatnce oif 'h -ical Science," was dC livered by Dr. N. Laborde, an hounorary muemtiber of the Society A respectable and intelligeut audicnce attendeu on the occasiott. They evinced their interest in ehe subjeei, by the strict attention which they gave, during- the delivery of the lecture. A lecture will be delivered before the Society, on Monday evening best. The public are invited to atiend. Aurora Borealis.-The Atrora Borealis, was observed by several persons in this place and neighborhood, on the even ing of the 3d instant.. The spectacle is described as one of extraordinary splen dor. The not thern part of the firmament was beautifully illuminated-bright va riegated streaks extending from the hori zon to o .e zenith-sheddiug as much light as the rising sun. Congressional Vacancy.-We are in formed, upon unquestionable authority, that t-e Hot. John P. Richardson, Be presen' ative from the Congressional Dis trict, composed of Lancaster, Chesterfield, Kershaw, and S-nter, has resigned his seat on account of ill health, and that writs of election will shortly issuo to fill the vacancy. Our at tention has been called to a com munica ion. signed " A Cotton Planter," which appeared in a late number of the Sothtt Carolinian. We have inserted it in our paper, to-day. The article is -ably written, and nerits'the serious attention of the Southern Planiers, and the conmtmity generally. It will lie seen, that the writer isopposed to the scheme proposed by the authors of the last Cotton Circular. Ii be hooves our planters to deliberate seriously on this scheme, and all others, to preserve the sten : price of cotton, before any -nc tion is ake:'. If a Convention assemble at Macon, in October next, we know not what they - :y do, but we hope at least, that they will dono harm. The establish ment of a great C-tton Bank, of whjch some writ - s have spo'.. n. meet-ts not our ap -oba io'. The scheme, to us, Iseems to be fratight with evil. Tte combination of Banks attd Planters is dangerous, to say the least, a d not ing but imperious'ne cessity ca- er. - -e "ire it. We hope thut this necessity may never arrive! e At the rece election in Charleston, S. C., lenry L. P. -kney was re-elected alayor, an the following gentlemen wero et-eted Aldermen-J. Y. Simons, R. W. R per, R. W. Cogdell. Francis Launce, John Schnie I G orge Kinloch, C. Patri i m. Patton. Alex. McDonald, R. W. Seymour, John H-utnter, S. P. Ripley. Hamburg, $. C., Sept. 4.-The Boartd of Ieath report, that three perseons have died wvithin t! e c''ploratte linmits of tho town, since the' 1st of June ultimo, to the 4th of Sept., inclusive. Two were whites, one of whiotm ind by bilious remittent fitrr, one by puerperalconrulsions~ind the third, (a negro chihil,) by cholera infuntur atdteliething. The population of the town is aboeut I,,500. Sickness in Au. sta.-Leners written d anr g st week tn t e prese::t. by per sot's in A'. gusta, to gentlh men in: this neight borhool. -tat, at the ever was stil pre vailing, ao' ch t a conesidlerable- number of persons l~ad died at that place. The AX ugusta Chrtnicle and Sentinel, of the 6th in~tant, says-" In conse qen e of the iieshp sitio'n of .e eral of thte workmen employed in this office, our dily papler will be discontinued until further notice." During the week ending on the 31st of August, thero wer 36 deaths~ in Charleston ; of t ese,l were by -tranger's fever. New Orleans. From a statement in the Picayune, of the 29the itt., it appcars that 26 ers s elie in his ', in ten days. The New Orl-.ns Courier of the 31st uIt., s.-ys " On looki g o er the dilfer ent ports or in erments, for the month of August, we beiev. h- ntumber '. ill bo foutnd little shtor: f sevetn httn-red ; and amoncg thetm, probably five hundred have beese carried . f by the e-pidemtic that now ravgns our city." The fevecr uttack's all persons indiscri minately. The numnber of deaths itn the city of M b e, from t a- 3't .i July t, th 30th . of Augee-t, amnounte.t to 139. Ace rding to t'e 'te-t a 'onatts, the fever. t as still raging vio ently in tha t A contemporary snys, that the best evi dencoeof . .od teotel, is :o see it soupillied with a phe-nty of newsp'ap rs. This is as trte as ay amoi :nl mathemfatics.