Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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P1iscebaneous. From the Macon Messenfer. To the Cotton Planters, Merchants, Fac tors. and Presilents and Directors of the several Banks of the Southern States: CIRCULAR. Pellou cii:en.e--ierested like your selves in the cultivition and di-sposal -ol the great staple of A merican agriculture and commerce, we have accidentally met in this cit v, in the midst ofa crisis which dis closes some sirikingly mnr)!t1-nitits features in the history of this most important branch of the trad(e of outr country When thc cotton crop of *the United States was a mere item in the trade, and did not reach a production exceeding five hundred thousaud balesit was perhaps safe to conaider it as one among many articles of harter and exchange, which, left entire ly to the fortuitou ci.-cumstances of cotm ncrce, would find its lev-l under the influt ence of the ordinary laws of trade, with out the necestity ofrreortingto any means of precautionary protection. Times, however, have changed. Cot ton has passed from the condition of a mere Rrticle of commerce, to the perform ance of the mighty function of being in aI great degree the regulator of the exchau geq, and the standard of value of out; counn try. If the nature of this m-terial forbids its entering in our circulation, it is scarce ly less the basis of our currency, than the precious metals; for the fluc-uations in its price are felt with a sensibility equally. as acute and searching, a, any of those varia tions which belong to the demand ind sup. ply of these sensitive and mysterious to kens of national value. The production of this staple, has now become so immense, that it behooves those who produce it by a large investment of capital at a high rate of incidental cost, and in a climate perilous to human health, toconsider well, whether there are not some material circtumstances in reference to the mode in which this product of their laboris shipped from this country. and is brought to market at the point o(f its ina! sale and consumptinti. whichb demaud the application of a prompt and effY-etive remtn edy. In one word, is not the important fact disclosed. that snch is the unwielly amount of this great staple of sutahten industry, that it cannot he sent forward iul disposed of at fair retmtneratinz prices, through the ordinarv medium of ihe mer cantile establishmnents ofthis country an'd in Etirope, withott the direct co-operation of our bankiug instittions? It we have become satisfied of this fract. ought wve not to organize a system. which shall give per feet security to this great interest in It commerce and finances ofour countrv? The unw ise andl ruinous system of sendhingt the crop forward to houses ofcircuimscribed means, on the other side of the water, - who are incapable of holding their con signmnents an hour beyond the maturity of the hills drawn against such shipments, subjects in fact nearly the "'hole arnon it of American interests to foreign conmina tion, which might act, not only with entire concert, but with a perfect knowledge of the period, when from the mnturitv of the acceptances in question, properv to a stupendoos amount belongine to this coln try, may be ready for sacrifice. The great and vital change which must be operated, is to sustain American inter ests, by Americani credit. To realize at home. the resources necessary for the pro tection of our properryabroad. without the necessity of large and inconveni-nt drafts on the capital and mneans of our great eats tomer. in other words, the cormm'eial reform we desire, is to send our great sua plo to market, without 'the period beitng determined avthe date of a Bill of E x change. whean it is to bie brought forward for absolumte and :u nnecessary saetifice. We believe that the steadiness in price, -which would result from a portion, at least, of the Cotton crop being exempt from the dienstrotts fluctnations arising from corm pulsory sales, wotuld in the end, he scarce ly less ialuable to the spinner and con 'ner in England. titan to the grower and shipper here. A- fact, which wve thimnk de monstrabale frotm the following postulates, which we consider altoget her sel f-evidenut 1 . The natural price of Cotton is the ef fect of the fair and natural influence of supply and demand. 2. The price cannot he stecady, and the article cannot be current, so as to admit of safe calculations on the part of the plan ters, the manufacturter and the tmerchant. unless the pt-ice be natural. [r is consse quently the interest of these three classes, that the acIte should he protected on the one hand fr'otn any great andr mndtue specu }htive action, which might inflate prices above the natural rate--and otn the other, from any derangement in thte money mar ket, or any other accidental cause, which might depress it below that rate. The ef fect of great undue speculation being to dleranige the monev market. and to pro. duce reaction, wvith an undue depressiotn of priees. 3. The state of the cturrency mainly do pends on the means which the country pos. sesse~s to pay its foreign debt, by shipmen'st of its produce. To the extent its prodncE or'manufacture falls short of that object, exports of specie may he induced, the effect of which must be a reduction of the cireu lation, with depreciation of property and general distress 4. Cotton. in this counotry, being by fai the most impiortant produce, and aflording the great means of paying its foreign debt, it is the interest of the community. and partictularly of thc monied instituitions, that the price of it in England, (the great mar ket,) should be steady, and the article should be of cutrrent sale, so as to be the means of large and eflective remittance. It follows, that theinterestof the banking institutions here, are the same as those ol the three classes first mentioned, namely, that the price sh-id he nattural, that i may be steady ande of easy realisation. 5. The interest of the British Govern metit, of the Bank (of England, and of the banks of that country in respect to this article, are the same as the interests of the banks here. The impportation there being inhetnse, and the employment of a most amuuerous body of the laboring classes, de pendingodiithe steadiness ofprices. When they are not steady--the foreign demand for matnufhttired cotton is redutced gratly, ment, and tlic great meansor settling the' balance of trade, witiout the exportation of the precious inetals are~ withdra wn. M-anufacturedouttons affording by far, the most important branch of their.export trade. 6. Conseguently. nay arrangement that could be foirmed. by which-the article would be proterted froin the cflfects of undue spec utation, and froimi depression in the money market. and by which steadiness of price, with enrrenevof sile, would be promoted -would save some of the greatest a .d best interests in both countries. 6. It is therefore proposed to form n sys tem hy which, with the commencement of the new crop. advances on Cotton shall be made with the capital or credit ofBanks here, thereby relieving the consignee in Europe fron all care orconsideration, ex cept the advantageous sale of his stock. wiich would proimote all these interests; and affbrd generai satisfaction on both sides of the water, provided it were not made the mean, directly or indirectly. of undue spectlation or monopoly. Havitng th is indicated the principles on which the proposed system must find its justification and basis, we will now as sticcinctly as possible, detail ie means of carrvin! it into effiect. We are fir fromni imputing any premedi tated hostility of the Bank of England to American interests; on the contrary, it is one of the benevolent influences of com mercial inter -ourse, to promote peace and good will among teien. Hence this engine of the comitercial grandeur and opulence of GreatBritain, acting under anl enlighten ed instinct, must rather desire that its best u-tomer should at all tiunes be in a con dition to mteet her engagements with entire ptictualitv a nd success. But there are epochs in the commerce of England. whether from itisufficient iar vests, a lantnid de!nand for her manufac tures, or poulitical combinations, when the bank may. from an urgent policy, limit her discount-c, and increase her rate of interest. This event can never occur, without its having a blighting influence on any sur phis of otir great siale, which mright be unsold in E nghomd. Surely .if the Baik of Etigland can exercise (unavoidably) ani influence thms prejudicial we may resort to our owi A mnerican banks, as a mean of -ectrity and )rotection. without the in vidiois cilamor of combination' and mo npoly. It is time that the absurd atil senselesscry on the sublject of banks mla king a Ivandes on cottoni, shold be under Ntood and finally pot down. The trit:h i< that by the mrere purchase of the foreign cxchanges of the country. thev advan- e on nearly evcry hale of Cotton sulbject to foreign export, and this without the seen rity ofthe bill of ladling atid policy of in Mr;ance, nn the ttere personal responsibili. tv of ihe drawers and emnorserq of the lill. H-uce these losses are most comprehien. sive and disastrous after every commer cial crisis and revulsion. Now we propose giving to the banks in all caseq, the higher protection of these se. curities, and thiat early next autuml, orne or more banks in each of the great cm mercial Cotlon markets of the South, should commence making advances on the crop, tecorling to a scale to be grnduna ted by what will be a sal caleit t ion of its probable amount, assuming 12 1-2ct'. at hmne, to lie about the fair naturai av erage nnd rentmerating price of this sia ple, on a prodnet of sixteen hundred thon sand hale-s. which is about as large a re turn as the actual labor of ihe country now m-ngaigeld in this brantrh of industry, is Ca p1vble of harvesmitn. The etmbarrass ments ofthle South-W~estern States hav' ine prevented the Planters in these States frnot m aking any purchases ofslavesn from the Atlanttic States during the last two years, whilst tnot less Ih-t t) h) or cent. of the slave labor in the Soutth, has been ab stracted in the sanme period from the eilti vation of Cotton, and applied to the raising of provihions, atnd to the constrcneti of those extensive r ailroads now in progress throughout that portiotn of the UnTtion. For these advatnces, we propose thtat the Banks shotild issue to tbe planters, itnerchanits and factors ofthe country, otn the production of th.- bill of Ladingr, andl the assign(met of the policy of insurance, Poist Notes of such description, and paya hite as eh period as a Convention here after contemplated, tay sugeest ; notes, which may be made to answer both the puirposes of curretncy anid exchange,the de ails of which we refer to that body. By thi5 arran;;ement however, we feel saitisfied the credlits cant he SO distr'ibted, that fonn the day of t he shipment ouf our cotton, it omay prohably lie held at least six onuths in Europe, withour the foireien consignee being under an atvatnce of one farthinig, atnd we thitnk it sluite easy to cotnferoni the houmses. to which the shipments are confi dedi. suflicient strength, to enable thettn to hold over for even a-longer period, should saf,- remutnerating prices not be obtaitted on the mtu~t try of the hills. WVith the vie w of securing this strengt h it is indispetnsably necesary, that the con signmewnts should tnot be tooi munch iniffused, but confined to a limited number of hou sesin Liverpool and Havrge. who, acting as the agents of all those who will com'e~ into this conserv'a:ive system. will feel a common interest, anid will naturally aid arid assist each other under all and e'very, contingency. This, Fellow-Citizens, is but a brief out line of a great schemec, for the protectioni of our Commerce, Finance, and Exchanges, the details of wvhich, must lie left for pro found deliberation, and cotncerted action. To accomplish this object, we hereby in vite the planters, factors and cotton mner chants of each district or county ini the Southera States, and Territory of Florida, together with the Banks, in each of the said States and Territory, to Bend Delega tes to meet us in Convention at Macon, Georgia, on the 4th Tuesday of October next, which wvill be the 22d day of that month, that we may carefully consider the important matters disclosed in this Circu lar. WVe invite a candid examination of'this wyhole scheme, for the protection, nor alone of southern interests, but for the security of the commerce of the whole country, Let it at least be tested by patient in vestigation, and enlightened research; if by ,this plan one third of the entire cotton crop of the country can be placed beyond the possibility of sacrifice, it will give security to the residun. not by entrenchine& it be hind the guards of aspeculative monopoly, hut by holding it in that state'of security. which the just relations of supply and dc mand will always in the long run, estab lisfi and sustain in the trade of a great and civilized country. That no tinw may be lost, we heg leave to apprise you that an agent, hiving our conlidence, will leave this shortly for Eu rope, clothed with ample instructions. to make such preliminary arraunemernts with the houses in L iverpol and llavre. which may, hv the -anction of the Convention, have the proposed consmnnients. We are an are of the very iotent nppo ;ilion, which a plan lookingr even to self defence, must invite. bth at hoie anod a broad, as it runs counter to it variety of interests, too powerful and too suscept pie ofcomhination, not to be aroused into active, and perhaps inexorable hostility. If our apology is not to be found in tie plea, that we have a right to hold our own property by the means of thecredit of our own country, then we fearlessly say, toe rutan at least to attempt it, in spite of an opposition, however eager and implacable. We have seen in the face of a crop of 1,350.000 hales, an effort made, and near ly resulting in success, to coerce the ac eptance of the sane prices, which were incident toone of 1,800.000 hales. We ,ugiht not to rest oursecurity on the ad verse omens of the crop, which is now growing inder the will and dispensation if Providence, which has already suffered imt many quiartere from an intense drought, and in others from the ravages of the in sects at) destructive to its growth and ma turity. We should look heyond the era of the short sipply of the last year, and an apprehended deficit duringihecomitig sea son. The lessons of economical wi'sdom belong to all seasotns, and all tines, and there is a sialutary truth to the honely up horisi, that those who do not take care of thenselves, are not likely to be taken care of by olhers. % e theref'ore submit this call ind invitation to you, witih tite carn Ost hope, that you will be prepared to co perate with tis in at measure, in which we believe the hihest intere, s of our contoti ounititry are itivolvi-d. Ve remain, very re'lpeilly, YOur '1b't. .<erv'sI. NA'Tl'L. A. WVAlti, of missipgijtpi. JOHIIN iG. G \Mf.3L E, F lorida. TIOIAS E T ARTT, .Alabama. W. I. PItATT, Ahlaia. D. P. ILLIIOUS, tIeorgi. J.J. IiU6 H t:S, Yazoo. hlass. NATh.\N MeGI1H Ei-. Louisiana. GEO. .lcl)UIFFIE, South Carolina. D. IC. DODGE, Florida. J. L. UNT ER, Alabama. JAMES HA 'hILTON, South Caiolina. A. B. DAVIS. Georgia. H I-NitY W. HI LLIA RD.Montgomery,Ala. JOll N BRANCH, North Carolina. New York, July 5th, 1P39. 1'. 8. Allthe souitern Papers will oblige he signets of the above Circular by givitig it ii insertion in their respective papers. From the Charleston Mercurj. TuE CIRCULAR.-If the planter has Otton to sell atn( the manufacturer wants it, they can trade without bank interven ion. ifthe Bank of Englhnd depresses lie price ofmanufactured cottons-so that to pay high prices for the raw material vould ruin the manufacturer-can the planter compel the manufacturer to high .r prices by holding back his crop-or is be tnot bionid and in the end compelled to share with his customer the evil of the tes! Besides. no coinbintition here to inch the ntufacinrer, nill bring the Bank of England to terms. Are not the 'lanters safer in diing their own business ntd selling their crops as they come to tnar <ei at the enrrent price, than if they made s spe-cula ting corporation.or a combination fcorporations, the controllers of their in era-si; Let them beware of making them ,elve<u slaves in seeking a deliverer.. Let hemn retain the management of their own jusm ess. So long as America is the debtor coun ry, she tmust lhe subjiect to the fluctuations ~vhich affect hier creditor. In the end she nust pay. If England is embarrassed, the must press her debtors. She cannut '.e expected always to be shooting arrows >,f credit across the Atlantic to find the lost irrowv, as our banks do, by lendinig more argely with those whose sinking they fread. England will not go on the sink or. swim policy with us. Shall we therefore embtark, sink or swim, with all our speco lators ? Let us do our old safe busi ness, anid let those only who make haste to ho rich, experience the wo pro unounced against it. It is intolerable that the haste of a few, should claim the right to put a whbole section into a jog trot. The old mnerchatnts and planters are resbolved to do tnotmore than their regutlar wheel work, andI will tnt he tro'ted out by the jockies. They would rather laugh and be fat than fuss and grow lean. Naw Corros Cat UAIn.-We receiv ed yesterday fromn the South. aniother Cot ton Circular, which the reatder will find itn aniother hart of to-day's American. It will he seen that the atttenttioqn of the plantintg interestsofthe South has been dlrawn to the exisung crisis in commercial affairs in IEugland, and the course pursued by the Bank of Englanud. Whatever may be the motive whlich has iniduced the present policy on the part of foreign eapitalists or itnstit utionis, it becomtes alike the duty oh the Amteri--an producer to guard himself, as far as practicable, fromt the operautioun of circtumstances so destructive to his best interests; and wve are free to confess that we can see nothing objectionable in the plan suggested in the circular, by which we shall avail ourselves of domestic in stead of foreign credits, in disposing of the prodtets of our own country. Nor is there any thinig itmproper, so far as sug~tested to us by first impressions, in effecting, thro' the agency of our owni motniedi institutions, independenice of imiancial movements on the other side of the ocean, over whlich we can exercise no direct control. The ad vatnces provided for under the arrange ment, will, as tue circnlar indicates, he entirely subject to the voluntary accep tance of the planter, who will be at liberty to select this or any other channel as he may think best. If doubts be enteitained as to the right of the American ~oducer to take such measures in the premnises as shall insure his own safety, we can only say that we can see no -plausible ground upon wvhich they can be based. As well might it be said an individnzat has no right to withdraw his business from~ a rfao.- in whose agency lie lias lost confidence, ow ing to the multiplicity of other duties, or any cause whatever, as to say that the A mierican growers of cotton may not de iermine, as a regular practice, to obtain their advances from the institutions of their own country at certain rates. instead of applying to foreign commission agents, subjected as the latter are to influences with the control of which our people can have nothing todo.-Balt. Amer. EhI .1Z11 r t t s)ortr. I-'.11EFIELD"JIC.I11 TiIUUSDAY, AUGUST 8. 1839. The Edge-field Philosophical Society will meet in the Court House, on Monday evening next. The public are invited to attend. Correction.-In our notice of the exhibi tion of the students of the Male Academy. at this place, for James M. Landrum, read John M. Landrwn. TO )UR SUBSCRIBERS AND FRIENDS. We have now entered upon the second part of the fourth volume of our paper, and we take this opportunity of again appeal ing to our delinquent subscribers. The accounts of many are of long standing, and should lie liquidated. We pay cash ourselves to our workmen, and likewise for all our materials. Surely, we cannot he thought importunate, or too much ad dicted to dunning. to ask our subscribers to pay us,cash also; especially,when we have waited with many of them for a great length of time. If they will pay us Now our difficulties will he at an end. We hope our appeal will not be in vain. A-TI-ToBAcco-CHEwIo. ET CF.TERA SoCIETY.-It is a mat ter of high gratifiea tion ito us, that our snggesionsabout the es tablishment of an Anti-Tobacco-Chew ing Society have been so very promptly met by certain gentlemen. We hope that the society, which they have resolved to establish, will flourish for a long course of years. dispensing its blessings all over our country. May its members live to see the fruits of their zeal and self-denying labors. The cause is a noble one, and merits the hearty co-operation of the lovely daugh ters of our land. Go on then, ye zeal ons moralists, and success the most glori ous will crown your elThrts The Cotton Circular seems to have foutnd little favor in Charleston, New York, and some other cities. We copy to day, some extracts for and against it. The First Cotton Circular.-This circu lar, which was disowned by the President of the United States Bank, is now ascribed to General Hamilton of our state. North Carolina Election for Congress. -At the latest date in the Edgecombe (Third) District, Stanley (Whig) was a-head. It is supposed that he will be elected. The Southern Patriot says, that " The advance of the rate of interest biy the Ba nk of England, to five and a half per cent. per annum, has nor occurred sitnce Qtteen Anne's day ; the highest rate of interest being in that reign, fivo per cent." Texras Loan.-Culonel Bee, in a ketter dated Newv Orleans, July 4th, says, that General H amilton, before lea ving the. United States for Europe, negociated a loan of half a million for Texas, under the law authorising a loan of one million to be raised. The Court of Enquiry in the case of* Commodore Elliott, has adjourned. The opinion of the Court has not been made public. The Army and Navy Chronicle says. that Lieutenant Edwin W. Moore "1has resignued his commission in the United States navy, and that there can no longer he any dotiht of his having accepted the command of the Texian navy." PennsylZvania.-This state has been compelledl to borrow money to pay the in terest of the debt, which she contracted for internal improvements. A writer in the Pendleron Messenger says, that it is one of the oldest. if not the very oldest, of the newspaper establish ments of this sta'e. nut of Charleston. It was first issued by John Miller about the year 1804. Tallahassee, July, 27.-Two men, in company with an escort, from Port Frank Brooke to Fort Atndrews, were fired on by a party of Indians, from a hamnmock near the road, and were killed. The St. Augustine News, of the 27th nlt., says, that Gov. Call has instrtnated the following gentlemen to repair~ to Washington, andI confer with the Presi dent, and urge on him the adoption of the neesary measures, not only for the de fence of the country, but for the further prosecution of the aar .-Hon. Charles Downing, Hon. R. Randall, W. H-. Brockenboro, Esq., S. K. Walker, Esq., and Colonel G. S. Hawkins.. Kentucky.-The crops ofgrain in Ken tucky are said to be very fine, The Coin monwealth says, that they have never eon better. Some of the Whig journals are trum peling it over the countt-y, that Daniel Webster has been admitted into the pre sence of royalty, in England, and has been a guest of many of the aristocracy! What an honor!! What a condescension -in a mighty queen and titled lords,'to show a little civility to a plain American citizen I!! When - Prinlce JohnVan Buren," as the Whigs call him, dined with Victoria, some of the Whigs took the occasion to heap maledictions upon him, and the President. They are silent now. Well has the Georgio Constituionalist rebuked them for it. Why do not these same papers now, denounce Mr. Webster for keeping com pany with the aristocracy ? "Because," says the Constitutionalist, "Mr. John Van Buren is a very different man from Mr. Webster; the one is a Federal. Whig, and the other is the son of a Demo cratic President." The New Orleans Bulletin, of the 19th ult., says, that the yellow fever is quite fatal in that city. It bad made great ra vages among the sailors of several foreign vessels. Mr. Daniel C. Webb, in consequence of necessary absence from the State, has re signed the Presidency of the Batnk of the State of South Carolina. Mr. James Rose has been elected in his stead. M. DAoUERRE.-The foreign correspon dent of the New York Star says, that Louis Phillippe has given the cross of the Legion of flotor to M. Daguorre, whom he French claim as inventor of the Phote ginic art, or the art of prodtuciug accurate copies of subjects by the chymical action f light. - The following ' comes home to our business and hosoms." We commend it to the attention of all those, who are dis posed to gruniblo about the continuanceof old and long advertisements in our co lumns. We infirm such, that these, ar.d the weekly ones, are the very " pabilum vita" of a newspaper. Without them, it could not exist. About a year since, a person, who was not a subscriber to the Advertiser, argued with us, that the inser tion of advertisements of any kind in a newspaper, was an imposition upon the subscribers! He said, that they should he published on an ertra sheet, and -ent gratis to the readers!!! This is a piece of libera lity which we will certainly not exercise. Ours is an advertising sheet, as its name imports, and we will give paying adver tisements the preference to every thing else in our paper : " NvwsPARRa A DVERTsttG.-While every editor nust be thattkful to a certain portion of his subscribers, for uniform punctuality in their payments, and. for the kind interest which they take in the suc cess of the paper. yet it is seldom, we he lieve, that he really experiences any feel ing of extraordinary gratitude. The pa pers received by each subscriberein the course of a year. cost annually more than the price or the subscription in the mere ex pense of material and manual lahor, and if the editor finds aftersonling his accounts that he has any thing left for his trouible, it must cotme fromt the advertising cn lumns. Persons wvho are so much sur prised to findl long advertisements of qgnack medicines, &c., will. therefore, under stand that they are not inserted from a he lief that nothing more initeresting to rea ders could be found, but for other reasons eqtally i mportat."-Berks and Schuyl kill Journal. Several commtnnications in opposition to Mr. Van Buren, and in favor or lien ry Clay, have recently appeared in the Charleston Courier. This shews areat liberality itn an Administratin paper, such as the Courier is. Probably, many other papers in the State, though they might not solicit, would yet permit the introduction of articles in favor of eitber of thbe promi nent candid a:es, for the Presidency, in their columns. ThiJis nothing but fair: Tern. perate and well-written essayvs on either side, of the great Presidential question, should not be excluded, merely because the editor differs from the writer. Though the propriety of this course appears so olh vious, still we. believe, that a different practice prev.tils with many editors. They are nothing httt mere partiana, and shut their eyes to every thing which militates against their own opinions. This is to ~e condemned:- but let it not be inferred, that we disapprove of bold and honest partisanship in any editor, wvhenever the public good may senm to him, to require it. If he believe in the truth of any prin ciple, or vital political measure, let him battle for it, manfully, and: with all his powers, though the whole world should rise ini arms against him. We think it a GOOD steni to see Admin istration papers, which formerly opposed State Rights doctrines, now advocating them, anit laboring with their utmost exer ions, to establish them. It looks as if the Governmnent was returning to correct prin ciples. - Let the Whigs vie with the Democrats, in the support of the cardinal doctrine's of State Rights, and all will he well._ -'It is no uncommon occurrence, in the presetnt day, to read articles on State Sove reignty and State Rig/as .in the colutmns of political journals which, a few years ago, were devoted-to the propagation tand' support of ptrinciples diametrically oppo site, and the Editors of which, with-Mar tin Van Bn,~ Hen. lair. antd Daniel Webster,, were prepared to trample the rights of a-sister State into the dust, to ia rade her territory teith the hired soldiery of !he Government, and to immolate her pa riotic people, in defence of a measure that, [ike a 'vampyre, was sucking the very leart's blood of the South! !"-Geo. Jour. From the suljoined, it seems that the Mammoth, fteal Estate Lottery," of ?ylvester & Co., is uot a fraudor hum )ug, as has been confiderily said by some. We are puzzled to know, what to think liout it. Let it be what it will, we wash yur hands ofit: "We have received a letter from Syl vest.-r & Co , requesting our account for publihing their -- Mammoth Real Estate Lottery" advertisement. Not such an abominable hmbug,' after all, eh? Bro her Messenger?-Southern Post.' [Communicated.] PUBLIC MEETING. At a large and respectable meeting of he young men of----, and its vicinity, t the Court House, on - instant. Felix Porter, Esq., was called to the chair; and' H. C. Cigar, Esq., appointed Secretary. After an eloquent and appropriate ad Iress from the Chair, explanatory of the )bject of the meeting, Big Quid Cavendish, Esq., read the ollowing preamble and resolutions, which ere unanimously adopted: " Whereas, having seen in the la'st Ad. iertiser, a satire on chewing tobacco in hurch, and an appeal made to the ladies n behalf of a society against it; we take nto considerhtion the importauceibf the' lubject, as affecting our vital interests.' Whereas, the habits of cheving and-smok ug tobacco, exert an evil and pernicious endency on the prosperity of the present and rising generation; and whereas the labits of tight lacing, and wearing tour reures, detract from the".health and beauty of the ladies, we, with'the co-opera- 0 ion of our fai-er neighbors, will form a so iiety to do away with these abbminable vices ; therefore, . Resolved, That our.Society bestyled the Anti-Bachelor, Anti-Old-Maid, Ant Tobacco, Anti-Liquor, Anti-Tourneure and Tight-Lacing, and Anti et iiater Society. "2. Resolved, That if the ladies will dis pense with their stays and tourneures, in imitation of the Venus de Medicis, we, the young men, will chew no more tobac c, smoke no cigars, drink- no liquor, and be no -longer bachelors from this time orth and forever. "3. Resolved, That the ladies, who ap prove of this society, will 'signify it 'by showing a partiality for the colours of blue, pink, and yellow, in their choice of ribbons, and ornamental apparel; and the youug men who approu, shall"IooIr-iIn-.. proved in health, estate, and-spirits, frea liaving already fallen into the ieasure." - Mr.. Bottleneck' then' moved, " That thie proceedings be published in the Ad ertiser." On tnotion -of Obadiah Pipes, Esq the Society adjourned sine die. FELL!x POrTER, Chairman. H. C. Cr osR, Secrotary. The .Chevalier De G3erstner, an intelli gent European, is now travelling in the United' tates, making an examination of the different Railroadls, and estimating their e'xpenditures. He has published a report on the subject, of which the follow ing is an extract: I have already pased over more than 2000t. miles of Railroads, and have every nwbere been received with the greatest kindness; the Presidents, Directors and Engineers of the different Railroad lines gave me not only all their printed reports, bat laid before me, with the greatest liber ality,.their books antd accounts, in order to give me every kind of information. I ful fil only my duty wheu I publicly acknowl edge, that such a liberality is only to be found amongst a free aud enlightened peo ple, where all p)ublic works are based on the prmnciple of publicity, and where so eta do not exist. 1' wish, threfore, to make rhose gentlemeb, to 'whom I am so much indebted, another comttsunication; which will ahow at tt-e same time what has been done during the last years in Europe. Having within a few days re ceived the last Reports of the Belgiunr Railroads, I publish in the follpwing ab straCt the history and progress of those commujnications in Belgium, together with. a comparison of them with the A merican Railroads. According to the fact; collected during my travels since my arrival in New York, there are now over three thousand miles of Railroads completed and in operation sa the United States ; d25 Locomotives of which the greatest number were made in this country, run on the several.Railroad*, and I believe, that up to the end of 1839, the length of Railroads in the U. States may amount to 4100 miles. The capital expended on the Railroads now in opera. tion is about sixty millions of dollars, orat' an average cost of twenty thousand dollars per mile, for which sum the" Railroads, with the buildings, have been constructed, and the necessary locomotives and cars bought. Several Riailroads have been undertaken with insutlicient means, and the sharehol ders found thremselves under the necessity of emnploying the income of the first years tn improving tIy Railroad, in building en gine houses, &c., and purchasing locomo tivs and cars. In consequence of this le shareholders got dturing that time uo dividends, but the Railroad still yielded a good income. Other Railroads, wvhen liihd-pi from five to ten pei cent. inome to the stockholders ; others have not vet paid any dividends for want of a maiet number of passengers and 'freight.