Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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"We will cling to the pillars of the temple of our liberties, PIERRE F.LABORDE, Editor.- and if it must fall we will perish amidst the ruins." VOLUME IV- J. Court uonse, S V, I r NO. II. HEJD QJRTE RS9 Abbeville, %3th Feb. 1839. ORDERS No.1I. T HE following Regiments and Corps of tne Militia of this State, will parade for Review and Drill, and the Officers and Ser geano will assemble in Eacampment at the times and places following, viz: The 15th Regiment ot Infantry will parade for review and drill. at Williamson's, -on Tues day the 23d of April next. The 14th Regiment of Infantry, at Orange burg. on Thursday the 4th of April. The Oticers and Sergeants of the 4th Bri de will assemblein encampment,at Accabee, Sorrison's farm) ncar the Quarter [louse, on Monday the 8th of April next, to remain en camped six days, accordi ng to law. The 16th and 17th Regiments of Infantry, the Charleston Ancient Battalion of Artillery, and the Charleston Light Dragoons, will parade for reyiew and drill. at the Charleston race field, en Thursday the 18th of April next. The Officers and Sergeants of the 8th Brig ade will assemble in encampment, at such place as the Brigadier General of that Brigade may appoint, and teport to the Caommander-in-hiel. on dlonday the 22d of April. The 3d Regiment of Infantry will parade for review and drill, at Conwayhorough, on Monday the 29th of April. The 32d Regiment of infantry, at Marion C H. on Thursday the 2d of May next. The 31st Regiment of Infantry, at Black Mingo, on Saturday the 4th of May. The 13th Regiment of Infantry, at Walter boro, on Saturday the 11th of May. The 12th Regiment of Infantry, at Coosaw hatchie, on Tuesday the 14th of May. The 43d Regiment of Infantry, at Buford's Bridge, on Friy the 17th of Mfay. The Officers and Sergeants of the 3d Brig ade will assemble in encampment. at Barnwel C. H. on Monday the 20th of May. The 3d Regiment of Cavalry will parade for review and drill, at Barnwell C. H. on Satur day the 25th of May. The 11th Regiment of Infantry, at Ashley's, on Monday the 27th of May. The 7th Regiment of Infantry, at the Oh Wells on Wednesday the 29th of May. The 10th Regiment of Infantry, at Richard son's, on Saturday the 1st of June next. The 9th Regiment of Infantry, at Lowe's, or Tuesday the 4th of June. The 2d. Regiment of Cavalry, at Abbevilk C. H. on Thutsday the 6th of'June. The 8th Regiment of Infantry. at Morrow'i Old Field, on Saturday the 8th of June. The 6th Regiment of Infantry, at Lonmax's on Tuesday 11th of June. * The 40th Regiment of Infantry, at Boyd's on Thursday the. 13th of June. The 41st Regiment of Infantry, at Parki Old Field, on Saturday the 15th of Junie. The 10th Regiment of Cavalry, at such place as tBi-rigadier General of the 5th Brigade ol Cavalry may appoint, and report to the Adju. tant and Inspector General, on Tuesday the 18th of Jane. The 3th Regiment of Infantty, at Keller'i Old Field, on Thurs-lay the 20th of June. The 39th Regiment of Infantry, at Long's or such other conveinient- place in that neigh borhood, as may be selected by the Command ant of that regiment, and reported to the Adju tant General, on Saturday the 22nd of June The 24th Regiment of Infantry, at Wins boro', on Tuesday the 25th of Junie The 25th Re-iment of Infantry, at Wins boro', on Thur- ay the 27th of June. The 6th Regiment of Cavalry, at Yongue's on Saturday the 29th of June. The 27th Regimenst of infantry, at Oliver' Old Field, on Tuesday the 2nd of July next. The 26th Regiment of Infanitry. at Chester ville, on Thursday, the 4th of July. The 34th Regiment of Infantry, at Yorkvilk on Monday, the 8th of July The 46th Regiment of Infantry, at Ebenezei en Wednesday the 10th of July. The 35th Regiment of Infantry, at Unior Court House on Saturday the 13th of July,. The 45th Regiment of Infantry, near th< Burnt Factory, on Tuesday the I(ith of July The 37th Regiment of Infantry, at Wilkini Old Field, on Saturday the 20th of July The Officeks and Sergeants of th6 9th Brig ade of Infantry, and 9th Regiment of Cavalr) will assemble in encampment at Gafney's Old Field on Monday the 22d of Jualy. Thme 9th Regiment of Cavalry will parade for review and drill, at Gafney's Old Field ota Saturday the 27th of July'. The 36th Regiment of Infantry, at Timnmons Old Field, oni Monday the 29th ol' July. The 1st Regiment of Infantry, at Bruton's or Thursday the 1st of August next. The .3rd Regiment of Infantry, at Toney'm Old Store. on Saturday the 3d of August. The Officers and Sergeants of the 1st Brig ade of Infantry, and 1st regiment of Cavalry, will assemble in encampment et Pickeasvidle, on Monday the 5th of August. The 1st Regiment of Cavalry will parade fot review and drill, on Saturday the 10th of Au. gust, at Pickonsville. The 5th Regiment of Infantry, at Hunters, en Monday the 12th of August. The 2d Regiment of Infantry; at Hall's or Thursday the 15th of August. The 42d Regiment of Infantry, at Minton, en Saturday the 17th of August. The 4th Regiment of Infantry, at Verrennes, en Tuesday the 20th of August. Thme Officers arnd Sergeants of the 2d Brigade of Infantry, and 2d Regiment of Cavalry, will assemble in encampment, at Loingmires, (Shti. bleys) on Monday the'26th of August. The Officers and Sergeants of thme 10th Brig. ade of infantry, and 10th Rgment of Cavalry, will assemble in encampment, t Belfast, on Monday the 9th of September next. The Officers and Sergeants of~ the 6th Bri gade of Infaintry, and 6th Regiment of Cavalry, will assemble in eneampitient, at Yongue's, on -Monday the 16th of Septe'nber. 'rhe Officers and Sergeants of the 5th Bri gade of Infantry, and 5th Res iment of Cavalry, will assemible in encampment, near Camden, on Monday the 23d of September. The 5th'Regiment of Cavalry will parade fur review and drill, at Camden. on Saturday the 28th of Septemiber. The -21st Re-giment of Infantry, ar Lancaster Court H-ouse. on Monday the 30th of Sept. The 28th Regiment of Infantry, at Chester field Court Hlouse, on Thursday the 3d of October next. The 30th Regiment of Infantry, at Rennet vilule, orn Saturday the 5th of October. The 29th Regiment of Infantry, at Darling. ton Court House, on Tuesday the 8th of Oc tober The 22d Regiment of Iniantry, at Camden, an Saturday the 12th of Octobetw The 20th Regimet of norantry. at the Swim. ming Pens. on Tuesday the 15th of October. The 44d Regimient of Infanttry, at Slimte ville, on .Thursday the 17th of October. - The Officers and Non-Commissioned Officer of the 34th Regiment of Infantry. will assemnbl for drill, on Saturday the 6th of July. The Offic -rs and Sergeants of the 11th, 36th 5th, and 21st Regiments of Infantry, being en camped the week previous to their reviews. ar excused, with their Corporals. from assenmblinj at their Regimental parade grounds for dril previous to their respective reviews. All othe Oicers and Non-Commissioned Officers. (in cluding the Corporals of Cavalry Regiment where the Odficers and Sergeants of such Regi ments are encamped) will assemble f'r drill an instruction on the day previous to their resper tive reviews: The Cavalry Corps not otherwise ordere above, will parade with the Infantry Regiment most convenient. either by Company, or Squc dron. The Commanedants of Regiments will be pre pared to answer promptly, upon the field. o the day of' their respective reviews. any que tions relative to the effective and field strengtl the arms and equipments, of their respectv Regiments. 'Thee annual Brigade returnts will be made u and transnitted by the Brigadier Generals, I the Adjutant and Imspector General. at Edg< field Court House, by the lst of November nex according to the blank forms heretofore furnis ed to then. The Major Generals and Staff, and Brigv dier Generals and Staff will attend the el campments and reviews of their respective D visions and Brigades. The Brigadier Generals are charged with ti extension, to their Commands. of so much c this order as relates to their respective Brigade By order of the Commander-in-Chief. JAMES JONES, (C] 5 h Adj, S Insp. Gen. New spring and Suname: T IE Subscriber inlormas his triends an uwe public generahy, that he has just r cerved trut Aew York, a comiplate asor nent of Staple fancy, Spring and Sa me" Goods-aumoug weech are, 34 4-4 b-4 and u-4 brown & bleached Shir inga. und Sheetings, A handsome assortuent lightcol'd Prints. 5U pieces eight coi'rd London do. French prints and pri.ted Jaconeet, Mourning and half mourning prints at Musilns, Seper printed Lawns, - 4-4 and -4 Cambrics and cambric Muslin 6wrss and book .i ushis, Jaconet. plaid acnd stripe do. Lyonnaise and brocade do. Ladies and gent's white and black, silk H. I and kit1 Gloves, .oitou acnd thread do. Misses black and white net Lace rand Gauze do. A handsome assortmuent of gauze and sati and Maintua Itibbons. Best ltaliia sewmiegs, black, blue black, at assorted by the quantity, Hem-stitened, and super linen cambric Hkl Men's and boys Pongee do. Ladies' gauze, Hlernani, gro-de-nap and ses ing silk Hkf's. 44 Iriish linens and linen lawn, Plain, inserted and friiled bosoms and line collars, 8-4 and 10-4 table diaper, 3-4 birds eye an Kussia Diaper, 6-4 K-4 and 10-4 damask table covers, French unlius & towels, French brown and grass Linens. White and -brown luen Drillings Super rib'd do. A variety of Cotton do. col'd. and striped fi Pants. Osnaburgis, Cases of' ,alm leaf ind willow Hoods, Englisih Devon straw Bonnets, A large assortment of silk and cotton ho and half Hose, 34 and 44 plaid and striped domestic, Silk, battin, and Marseilles Vesting, Parasols and Umbrelias. Furmrture,dinity and fringe, Black bomibazines and nerimos for Cdats, Parm needle worll umusin capes & collars French baskets, bleached Russia Sheerinu Any uing li.'e a ..eene. at enumeeiatiem of ai ticles C, imp1raeucabe; but thiese ~in additionc I his rtnmer stock, make it stafficiently extensiv and lie trusts his perices are setiliccutly mode ate to be worthy the attention of all who wa to supply themselves-with arteicles in his lime His former cestomilers-and all who buy in th market, will do hnim, and perhaps themaselvi a fatvor. by examniling his assortmnent befoi purchasing. Jh .B OD Hamburg, March 13, 1839. 7 tf PR OOL AUA TION. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, coLMoxia NancIS 13,1839.5 By is Ezeieuncy PATRICE NOBL E, Es Govcrnror and Commuand er-i n-chiefJ, in and on the State of South Carolina. WHEKldAS, inlormation has been recei einthis Department, that a meost a troeous murder was cosenmitted irn Laurer District, on the oth of this month, by Care Parker on the body of Jefferson Rowelnrd, ati tatsaid kParker has fled fi-scm justice.. Now, know yee, that eo the eed justice mayli done, and that thue said Carter P'arker' may L brotught to legal trial and condligm pcuenishmec for miss offence, as amoresacd. I do hereby offer reward of THREE HUND~I-.D 00LL4Kd for Iris apprehensioe and delivery into any ja in the State. Carter Parker is deescribced beingr abouet d61 years ofage, aboutfi feet 14 inc high,' light colored nir, beard inclinineg to rec disnress, rather a thin visage, sandy comcplexio talks tquack,and cuts Iris words short; face tolert blv broad at thre eyes, but narrow at thme chire; siall piece broken off oh onee of~ his front teeth broad shouelderic, sleneder waist, has a habitc smcking ins teebh, large knees and knock kneet e is a blacksmith by trade, arid fend of arder spirits. Given under my hand and se-al of the State at Colmumbica, 13rlh day of Margh, ini thc year of our Lord one thousand eight hut dred acid thirty-nine,; and ire the sixty thir year of the Independece of the Unite States of America. PATRICK NOBLE. By the Govnernor. M. LABOnDE, Secretary of Stt. arhaitlm3 rf7 POLITICAL. r REMARK% oo MR. CALHOUN, OF S. CAROLINA, ON THE Bill to prevent the interference of certain Federal Ojictrs in elections. [COItLLUDE.D] ' The next movement he made was the . boldest of thu whole series. The union a of the Government with the paper syatem was not yet complete. A central control was wanting, in order to give to it unity - of action, and a full developemet of its power and influence. This he sought in a national bank, with a capital of* 10.000, 000, to be composed principally of the stock held by the public rreditiors; thus binding more strongly to the Government that already powerflul cla.s, by giving thetm, through its agency, increasc(l profit and a decided control over the currency, e exchanges, and the business transactions of the country. On the question of char 0 tering the bank, the great battle was fought betwseen the two schools. The t. contest was long and obstinate, but victo I- ry ultintately declared in favor of the na tional Federal school. The leader of that school was not con tent with these great achievements. His bold and ardent mind was not of a tem e per to stop short of the end at which he r aimed. His next movement was to seize i. on the money power, and he put forth able reports. in which he asserted the broad principle, that Congress was under no constitutional testriction in the use of - the public money, but the general welfare, ' and that it toight he appropriated to any purpose whatever, believed to be calcu d lated to promote the general interest, and .. as freely to the objects not enumerated, as t- those that were specified in the constitn i- tion. To this he added another, and per haps more dangerous assumpltion of pow. er, that the taxing power, which was granted expressly to raise revenue. tmight be used as a protective power for the en couragement of manufactures, or any oth d er branch of industry which Congress might choose to foster; and thus it was in fact perverted from a revenue to a penal B power, through which the entire capital and industry of the Union might be con trolled: Congress was not prepared at that early stage to follow so bold a lead, but the seed was sown by a skilful hand, to sprout When the proper season arrived. t, When he retired from office, no cot trolling mind was left to perfect the sys tet which he had commenced with such d consummate skill and success; and short ly after, under the administration of' the elder Adams, the alien and sedition acts, and the quasi war with ''rance, as it was r- called, followed the violent and precipi tate measures of less sagacious antd pow erful minds, and which in their re-action " expelled their authors from power, and d raised Jefferson to the Presidency. He came in as a reformer: but, with the most ardent desire and the highest ca pacity to effect a reformation, lie could do little to change the direction which his ri val had impressed at the outs'i on the po litical machine. Economty. indeed, was r introduced, anti the expenditures reduced, but the ligatures which united the Gov ernment with the paper system were too strong to be bursted. The fAded debt, e though greatly reduced by him, could not be extingiuished. The charter of the Uni ted States Batik haif still half its terti to ruo, and the use of banks and bank notes in the fiscal transactions of the Govern ment had taken too strong a hold to be superseded at once. In the tmean time. ~. the agitation caused by the gigantic con r- fhtet between France atnd England reach o edl our distant and peaceful shores, and B, the Admioistrationt wvas almost exclusive rly occupied in efforts toprvtages sions on our nights, anti preserve our netn Strality. To etJect'that, every expedient was attempted; negotiatiton, emb a rgo, e non-importation, and non-intercourse, but itn vain. War followed, and with it all hopes of carrying out thte reformn contem plated by Jefferson when he came into - powver failed. WVhen the peace arrived, the country was deeply in debt. Capital and indus try had taken new directions in conse .quence of the long interruption of our for eign commerce, and the public attention completely diverted from the qtuestions .which had brought into conflict the t wo :great political schools, and whicn hadl so long divided the country. v The season had now arrived when the d seed which had been so skilfully sown by Hamilton, as *has been stated, began to 0 germinate, atnd soon shot forth with the e most vigorous gtowth. Dtuties came to t be imposed without regard to revenue, and money appropriated without reference to j the granted powers. Tariff followed ta m iff in rapitd succession, carrying ini their It train a profusion of expenditures on bar hors, roads, canals, pensIons, and a host ofothetrs, comprehending objects ofalmost every description. In such rapid succes Ssiotn did the protective duties follow, that j. in 1828--in the short space of twelve .years atler the termination of the late war, t they reached the, enormous atmounit of nearly one-half of the aggregate value of . the etntire imports, after deducting the re shipments. Beyond this point, the sys tern never advanced, and fortunately for the country it did not. H ad it continued its progress a few years longer, the enor mous patronage which it placed at the dis posal of the Chief Magistrate would have terminated our form of Government by enabling him toominate his successor. wr by plunging the country into a revolution, to be followed by disunion or despotism, as was foretold would be the the conse quence in the report to the Virginia Le gislature, so often referred to, if the sys tem it reprotiaced were carried out in practice. But happily, with the tarilfof 182$, the reaction commenced, and has been ever since progre'sing. How, nr by whom it was commenced, aind has been urged forward to the present point, this is got the proper oceasion to state. All I propose now is to trace its progress, and mark the point at whirh it has arri ved. The first step or this retrogade move ment was the overthrow of the adminis tration 01 the younger Adams. He came into power on the extreme principles and doctrities of the Federal national school, and on them he placed the hope of ma in taining his elevation. For the truth of this assetrtiou, I appeal to his inaugural ad dress, and his messages to the two Houses at the openings of the annual sessions; and to expel his administration from pow er was, of course, a prelitninary and indis pensable step towards the restorntion of the principles and doctrines of the oppo site school; and fortunately this was efree ted by a decided majority at the expifa tion of his first term. The next step was the final] discharge of the funded debt; and for this imporant step, at so early a period, the country is indebled principally to a friend, now un fortunately no more-the amiable, the talented,. the patriotic Lowndes-the au thor of that simple, but effective measure, the sinking fund act, passed snortly after the termmiation of the late war. But the most formidable of all the ob stacles-the source of the vast and cor rupting surplus, witi its host of extrava gant- and unconstitutional expenditures, the protective tariff, still remained il fbrce, and obsiructed any farther progreis in the re-action that had commenced By what decided and hold measures it was overeome is well known to all, and need not b tolid on this occasin. Jt is sufli cient to say, that after a long and desper ate struggle, the controversy terminated in the- compromise act, which alandonen the protective principle, and has. I trust, closed forever, whaa has proved in this Government a most prolifi source of pow er, patronage, and corruption. The next step in the progress, was the overthrow of the Bank of 'the United States-the centre and soul of the credit system-a step that may justly he regard ed as not inferior to ain other in the whole series. That was fbllowed by the deposite act of '36, which transferred to the treasuries of the States the vast sur plus which continued to flow in upon t1s, notwithstanding the great retlu-tion under the compromise act. This decisive mens ure dishurt iened our sureharged Treasu ry, and has forced onn this Government the necessity of retrenehment and econoemy, and thereby has greatly stretgthenaed and accelerated the re-action. So necessary i4 the reduction of the income to reform that I am diposeil to re-ard it. as a polit. ical maxim in free States, that an im. poverished Treasury. once in a generatiou at least, is almost indispensable to the preservation of their institutions and lib erty. The next stage in the progress was the suspension of specie payieuts. This oc casion afforded an opportunity to strike the first blow against that illegitimate and utholy alliance. It was given decidedly, holdly, and vigorously, but still with only partial success. The interest in favor of maintaining the connexion was too pow es ful to be overcome at once; but though not broken, the tie is greatly weakened, and nothing now is wanting to sever forev er ibis fatal knot, but to follow up what has already beeu done by persevering and energetic blow~s, This is ahe point to whaich the re-action has already reached; and ifhe question tnow to be considered is, to whatt ptoit ought iito be urged, andl what are the in tea mediate obstacles to be overe eme? I am, for myself, prep~aredl to answer. I have no concealument. My aim is fixed. Ii is no less thani to turnl bacek the Govern moent to. where it was when ii cotmmenced itsoperation in 1789; to obliterate all the intermediate measures originating in the peculiar principles atnd policy of the- school to which I ant opposed, and which expe rience has proved 1o be so dangerous and uncongenial to our system; to take a fresh start, a new departure, on the State Rights repulican track, as was intended by the framers of the constitution. That is the poit at which I have aimed for tmore than twelve years, and towardsi. which I have persiste-d, during the whole period, to urge my way, in defiance of opposing difficulties, dangers, and dis cou ragemenuts, and from which nothing shall drive me (while in public life) till the objeci at which I aitm Necomnplished. By far the most fortmidable difficulties are already surmotunted. Those that remairn are co'mparatively insignificant. Among these, the most important and diflieult liv far is, to separate the govern ment from the banks, but which. after the t~lowsi the@ connexion har received, will re quire not much more than utnyieliding firmness anti perseverance. This (lone, the great work of freeing the Government enmirely fronm the paper systemc on wvhich Hamilton laid the foundation of his whole system. will have been achieved. The next is, to carry out. in the revision of the tarifif, which must take prace at the qit or succeeding session, the provisions of the compromise act,. that there shall be n~o dnty laid ifntswhatnmasb heneel sary to the economical and constitutional wants of the Government. Should this be accomplished, there will be an end to the protective system, with all the evil that followed and must ever follow in its train. Nor can I believe, after what we have expertenced, aid what has been said luring this session, that there will lie any insuperable difficult) in ellerting an object so intimately conneeted wiih the peace and tranquillity of the Union. Having freed the Government froi the paper and protective systems, the next step in importance is, to put a final stop to internal improvements, the construe tion and improvement of hurbors. and the extravagant wateon what we are pleas ed to call the pension system. but which has departed from every principle jugly belonging to -sch a syslem. No Govern ment was ever before burdened with an expenditure so absurd and inoistrous. It confounds all distinctions between the deserving and undeserving, and yearly draws millions from the Treasury withoot any just claim on the public bounty. and ought to be both arrested and reformied. A single step more brings the Govern ment to the destined point; I mean a tho rough reformation in the administrative department of the Government. I doubt not but that every branch needs reform. There are, doubtless, numerous defalca. tions in addition to those brought to light. The fault has been more in that system (a brief narrative of which I have given) than those who have been charged with the administration of the Government. For yeats money Was ns dlirt. The Treasury was oppressed with it, and the only solicitude vas how to get clear of what wal considered a useless burden. leuce the vast increase of expenditures; hence the loose and inattentive adminis tration of our fiscal concerns; hence the heavy defaleations. Nor are these re marks confined to the executive depart ment of the Government; they apply to all, to the two Houses of Congress as well as to other branches. But there is no longer a surplus. The Treasury is ex hausted, and the work of retrenchment, economy, and accountability is forced otn us. Reform in the fiscal action of the Government can no longer he delayed. and I rejoice that such is the fact. Econ otny and accounathility are virtues belong ing to free and popular governmen ts, and without which they cannot long endure., The assertion is pre-eminently true when applied to this Government; and hence the prominent place they occupy in the c'reed of the State Rights and Republican school. Having taken these steps, every meas ttre of promineuce originating in the prin ciples or policy of the national Federal school will become obliterated, itmd the Government will have been brought back. after the lapse of fifty years, to tl'e point of original depatture, when it may lie put on its new track. To guard against a false steerage thereafter, one imnort.,ni measure, inuaddition to those enumerared, vi'l be indispensable. to place the new States, as far as the public domain s con cerned, in a condition as independent -f the Government as the old. It is as much due to them, as it is indispensable to ar. complish the great object in view. The public domain, within these States, is too great a stake to he left under the cotrrol of this Government. It is dificult to esti mate the vast addition it makes to its power and patronage, and the controlling and corrupting infinence which it ma exercise over the Presidential election, and through that, the strong impulse it may receive in a wrong direction. Till it is removed, there can be no assurance of a successful and safe steerage, eveni if ever~v I therc siniister iniltuence should be remto ved. It would be presmtnpuouis in me, Mr. President, to adlvise those who are char ged with the administr-ation of the Gov. ernent, what course to audopt; hut, if they wotild bear the voice of one wvho de sires nothmng for himself and wvhose ottly wish is to see the counrrv protsperous, free, and happy, I would say to them, you are pla-edl in the most remarkable juncture that has ever ocourredsince the establiah mnent of the Federal Govertnment. By seizing it. you tmay bring the vessel of State to a position, where she may take a new tack, and thereby escape all the sho:,ls and bre-sker-s, a-uong which a false steerage bhas run her, anti bring her 'tri timphantly into her destined port, with honor to yourselves, atnd safety to those on board. Tamke then yotur grourmd holdlly; avow your object; disclose your measuire3; and let the people see clearly that you in tenal-what Jetferson designed to do, but. from adverse circumstances, could not ae coimplish-to reverse the measures origin atng in pruieos and policy uinconigenial to our political system-tmo divest thie Go vernment of all undue patrotiage aund in fluence-.-ro i'estrict it to the few great oh~ jects intended by the Constitution-in a word, to give a complete ascendancy t the good olal Virginia school over iti an' tagonist, which time and experitence have proved to) be foreign to our system of Ga. vernmuent-and .vou may Count -with eon fidence on their support, .withomn toking to any other means of success. Should they take such a course at this propitious tmotnent, our free and happy institutions may be perpetuated for generations; but, if a diflerent, short will be their duration. On thin question of patronage, let mei add, in conclusion, that according to my conception, the great ana- leading error in Hamilton and his school originated in a mistake as to the analogy between ours and tho .Rerias system bf 2o......-..... If we were to judge by their outward forn, there is, indeed, a striking analogy. between them in many particulars; but if we look within, at their spirit and genius, never were two free Governments so per fectly dissimilar. They are, in fact, the very opposites. Of all free governments that ever. exi-ted-no, I will enlarge tha propoition-of all governments that ever existed. free or despotic, the British Gov ernment can bear the largest amount of patronige-ihe greatest exaction and pressure on the peoplp. without changing its character, or running into revolution. The greater, in fact, its patronage, the stronger it is, till the pressure begins to crush the mass of population with its su - perincumberit ieight. But directly the opposite is the case' with ours. Of all government< that ever existed, it can stand under the least patronage, in proportion to the population and wealth of thle cotai try, without chaiging its character, or hazarding a revolution. I have not-made these assertions liglhtly. They are the result of mnuch reflection, and can be sus tained by conclusive re.asous drawn from the nature of the two Governments;'but this is not the proper occasion to discuss the subject. From the Providence Journal. THE OREGON TEARITORY. It is a naiter of no little surprise, thac public attention has not been more strong ly attracted towards that vast and magm ficent territory, stretching from the Rocky - Mountains to the Paci6c Ocean, and-from the 424 to the 49th parallel of North lati tule, blessed with all the ailvantages of a salubrious climate and a fertile soil, waters ed by large navigable rivers with unequal led facilities fur the fur trade and fisheries, and far more than all, so situated, as to command with great advantages the.rich est commerce of the world, the East In dies.-the Oregon Territory, will, at n: far distant period, assume an importance thnt has been little dreamed of. The commerce of the Pacific Islands, which are fast progressing in civilization, will be alone of inconceivable value, and from nad other point can that commerce be carried on with such facilities as from the coast of the Oregon. In fctet, both from its inteV' nal resources and -from its favorable posi tion in regard to other countries, the Ore. gon Trerritory is marked for a great and prosperons country. Nothing is wanting but a population with the industry and en terpirize which' ha" characterized the bar" dy pioneers of the Western States. and cities will spring tp in a hundred places; ships will aseend the magnificent Column bia River, and leave upon its banks the production, of every climate, receiving ia return the rich furs, the fish, and the agri cultural produciions of that country. England, upon ,whose vast dominions the sut never sets, and over whose inter ests the spirit ofaimbition and territorial conquests watches with as sleepless an eye, has long since known 1mnd appreciated the vast ilportance of the Oregon Territory. 11 is the point wanting to complete her commercial ascendancy. With Gibralta and Multa she can control the Mediterra nean: 'Bermnda and Trinidad, Jmaies an:d her North Ameri-an -possessions, fur nish her strongholds. from which her fleets can sweep the At;antic. and return in safe ty; New Holland, a continent in itself, se cures to her the- Southern Ocean, and ier vast possessions in India, give her the trade or the East. She lacks a plado which will command the rich and increas ing commerceo of the Pacific Ocean, a commerce which is daily growing in ex tent and importance, and which if'properly pursued, would probably yield a riche r return than atny which floats upon the Ocean. TPhat place is- the Oregon terrory;.and although it belongs to the United States by every claiim which is acknowledged by civilized ntions as constitu tin/sovereign.. -- ty, uv discovery, by occupation, and 'by solemn treaty, still :Englandl baa deie-rmi rd to possess it, and' unless prompt .a lecisive-tneasures'are -adopted b~y our Gf ernent-she will, have it. Already, thfo on immense and-~pnowerful chartei-ed com pany,.)the lludson'BayCoinpany,) she -is rnaking~ rapiid strides towards that object. The Hludsoti Bay Comepanry have-erected 'jorts andl tradino houses wvithi'n outr limnits n re continually inurodacinmg ltrge qula nities of goods within, the jurisdietion )f the U. Statesiol cottrse withouttpying inv duties. They carry- oni an immiensely irofitable trade, hroth wIi ~ t EtlandI -and .vith- theSand iih lslantais, aud have ob itined a' great ifnte irteliin Intthet inea nenom- thn'oerIndiant - ire taking na ess io maintain or-even isert our sovreighnmy over this territory, mud in a few )ear's Entrland will lay ia fore nal claims to -th'e whole of-it-and-aft'e toldling th~e' ubject fiir~ yearsz entang'leti int he weh o~dipltom'ae'p, (her citizens all the vhile enjoying piwsessioo of the' conrj) trill oikhr to e~tchiairee for'i, as in the case ,f-Maine,- soine'pr'ovince of less value. Ve are led to these' remarks fioin reading petition (for a copy of ivhich weaii lehtedl ro' Cov. Kmighr) ora number o thie eitlers in the terrirory, asking ror theprQ action and legislatten of Congress No pro>of of Respectabtki.MjA young "oman brought before the" osIoti Polide, Iledged in proof of her rdspectability,th'at ha was acquaitte'd withr &illthe awyere a New York." v as instadtly com aitted, & loafer' who piqued hitnsetf on toddies. in-slings, .&c. called himself aga-st ebnlar.