Edgefield advertiser. (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, February 21, 1839, Image 2
far less than it would be, should the pre
sen rsystem be continued. But there may
be some who may admit thia to be true,
and yet object that the advantages which
I anticipate from, the measure would be
purchased, on the ppjof the old States,
at too great i sacrifice. It would be pre
mature to undertake to answer this objec
tion before it is ascertained what portion
of the proceeds should he left to the States,
and what paid over to the Government;
and this cannot be done till after a labori
ous investigation, as has been stated. All
I maintain at present is, that. the portion
allotted to the States should be not only
just and liberal, but such as would inter
est them in preserving the arrangement.
Thus far it would be obviously the interests
of both parties, as has been shown In
the meantime, I have suggested an equal
division of the proceeds, under the belief
-that it would be satisfactory to the new
States, and probably not far from the di
vision which a rigid investigation would
establish.
But of one thing I feel assured, that,
when the subject is fully examined, it will
be ascertained that an apportionment of
the proceeds may he fixed on, which will
give to the Government, a sum per acre as
large, or not much less, on all the lands
which might thereafter be disposed of,
as it has received for what has been dis.
posed of since the present price was fixed,
- and which would leave, at the same time,
to the States a liberal and satisfactory al
lowance. If this should prove to he the
fact, the interest of all parties, even in a
pecuniary point of view, would be recon
S ciled. But that would be taking too nar
ro';' a view of this important subject. To
determine correctly the true interest of the
parties in this arrangement. we must raise
our eyes above pecuniary considerations
to the far more interesting view-the po
litical bearing of ihe measure. Thus view
ed. the gain to both, and to the whole
Uniot. would be incalculable. The new
States would gain the ownership and ad
ministration of heir whole domain-a gan
not more essential to their own indepen
dence than to the convenience of their citi
zens, who would thereby have their claims,
connected with the public lands, adjus-ed
by their own Legislature, instead of being
dragged to a great distance from home to
awair the tardy and uncertain action of
Congress. But their greatest gaih would
be, elevated to an equality with the other
States in all respects, and exempted from
the controlling influence of the Govern
ment,arising from a widely expanded sys
ten of land offices.
To the Union the gain would not be
less important. Coo.ress%%ould be reliev
ed from an immense and increasing mass
of business, which now-consumes at least
one third of its time, and be left free to
turn its attention to other subjects of deep
interest, which it is now compelled to neg
lect. The sessions would be greatly short
ened-a matter of importance, not only
in a pecuniary, but still more in a politi
cal point of view. But these. though im
portant, are but minor advantages. There
-are others immeasurably greater. It would
close our land offices in the new States,
and, with them, the door to the vast pa
tronage and influence whi-h they place in
the hands of the Executive. Who can
estimate this advantage! Who is there,
that has a particle of patriotism or love of
Republicac institutions, who would not
rejoice at the reduction of such immense
patronage, made not only without injur,
but with advantage to the public? When
ive add to this that, it would remove all
catues of conflict betweenthe new and old
Sie that it would withdraw from the
Pr-si tial contest the public tands. that
prolific uirce of corrutption) in the hands
of the prl igate; and finally, that it would
save our st and noble domain itself fronm
being squa~ndet ed in the st rutgle, it is hard -
ly in the -wer ohfealculation to estimate
the advanag that would result.
Having now jggested what I believe to
be the proper 1i1icy, to he pursuetd in re
lation to the pulWic lands within the new
States, and htasti raced the advantages of
the tneasure I ha uggested for consider
ation, the nextl tiotn is, nave we the
right to distpo the public lands in the
manner pr , I would not have sup.
posed tha uld have been a doubt
on this poi had not the Senator from
Massachuset Ir. Webster] raised it on
this, as well as, foriner occasion. The
constitution giv Congress, expressly.
the right to publi -Js; and why ntay
they not dispose to the States as
wvell as to individuals n see no reason,
and never have heari assigned. WVe
are in ,he daily hahil king arants to
the States for puliin es, and if we
may grant, may not w Iso sell or dispose
of them, as I have d? The lands
belong to the Stat -their confederate
character, as has. ted; anad Cotigress
is the trustee to dis hem for the
common benefit. hs bound, in the
fulfilment of their trust; ,a ose of them
to the best advantage; and i g disposition
proposed be the best for a concerned,
Congress has not only the to make
it, but would be bound by the t so to do.
Entertaining these views, ay be
asked why 1 have not brought ward the
measure this session? My~ r is,there
is not time, at the presen session, to
digest and carry thron.u ' ure of so
mucn importance, anda g so many
and such conflicting7 sts. But I
pledge myself, if pr e next ses
sion, tointroduce it at- rly day, and
to use my best effo it to a de
cision. If I catn no other meas
are relating to pub ds shall take pre
cedence of it.
I .haveonow p ed my vtews as to
the'polf t o be adopted in re
ference t te ods within the new
Sta ow remains, in conclusion,
to. .y reason for voting against the
eng, ent of this bill.
.B that nothing short of a radical
e' a policy, such as that proposed,
can arrest the evils apprehended fromt the
: present system, I am-of the opinion, that
till some permanent remedy can be ap
--:plied, that the proper course is to vote a
-gainst all partial and temporary expedients
-like the present; and I shall, in conformity
to that opinion, give my vote against tbis
bill. I believe it to be the course, not only
the best calculated to ineure, in the end,
the application of a permanent and eflicient
remedy, but also to prevent. in the intem
mediate period- the misuhise naturally re
sulting from the present system. But in
addition to these ceneral reasons, there are
others neainst this particular measure, sur
ficient to induce me to vote against it.
Passing others by,. IshaI. only notice one:
. This bill ispressed on the Senate,on the
ground among other reasons, that it is a
financial measure. It is stated that the
Treasury is deficient, and that one of the
effects of the reduction of the price of the
public lande. would be a present increase
of the revenue from 'hat source. I am not
prepared to say whether 'such would he
the fact, not having examined the point
sufficientiv to form an opinion; but if it
should he so, it would to me constitute an
objection instead of a recommendation. It
is admitted that the increase of the reve
nue would he temporary. and he followed
in a short time by a corresponding redne
tion. Now. if T am not mistaken. the in
come of this and the ensning year. will
without further addition to the revenue,
be sufficient to meet the expenditures, with
due economy. and timelv anti judicious
retrenchment. The pinch will be in the
t~wo subsequent years-'41 and '42-when
six-tenths of the entire reduction tinder
the compromiee act will take place. The
difficulty will he in passine through those
two years- and this hill. considered as a
measure of revenue. instead of passine
now, ought to be postponed until then. Its
passage at this time,would but increase the
difficulty two years hence. Whatever it
might add to the income of this and the
next year, would serve but to increase
their expenditures to the same extent.
Experience has taught us that our expen
ditures increase with our income: and that
if there be money in the Treasury. it will
be spent. regardless of consequences.
The result would he that. instead of aid
ing the Government to meet the fiscal cri
sis of'41 and '42 by increasing it- income
then. it would cotmpel it to meet it uinder
the great disadvantanes of the increased
expenditures with diminished meane.
Under this belief, if there were no other
objections; I would feel myself compelled
to vote naginot the bill.
Domestic News.
CONGRESSIONAL.
From the Correspondence of the Charleston Cour.
WASHINGTON. Feb. '.
Both Houses are engaged, to day, upon
private bills. The House of Representa.
tives has cleared off every undisputed pri
vate bill from the calendar-a thing which
has not occurred here for years before.
This week has, upon the whole, been one
of business. The Senate have passed the
bill. allowing a drawback upon foreign
hemp, manufactured into cordage, by a
large majority. This measure has been
pending for seventeen years and, at last,
has received the sanction of one body.
It was formerly opposed by agricultural
interests, but that opposition has been
withdrawn. Mr. Clay. himself an exten
sive hempgrower, advocated the bill, and
argued that, while it benefitted our uaviga
tion, it would be of no disservice to our
agriculture-for American hemp would
not make good cordage. Mr. Calhoun
expressed his satisfaction at finding these
protection principles giving way before
experience. 'hey were all burdensome
upon some branch of home industry or
other, and the cotton-growers had to bear
the brunt of the whole. All the loss, he
said, fell on them.
In the House, to-day, there was a de
bate, during the morning hour, upon the
subject of the late report of the Committee
of Ways 'and Means on the "state of the
finances and the expenditures of the gov
erumenat.'' Some strong interests nave
become combined in opposition to the
principles and recommendations of thisc
r-eport. Oat the othe-r hiiad, thet nLpor't is
warmnly suipported by those who are in
favor of carrying ouat toe principle laid
down in the 4th elatise of the :Jd sechiion of
the compromise act, viz:-that, after the
30th ,June, 1842, "duties shall be laid fom
the purpose of raising such revenue as may
be5 necessary to an economical administra
Lion of the government." The reducetion;
of expenditures must begin somewhere,
and begin soon, or some means must be
resorted to for supplying tihe Treasury.
Mr. Rhett spoke, to-day, in support of
the views of the report, and, in the course
of hib, remarks, touched upon the now
much miooted topic of the obligation of the
cotmapromise act. He avoA'ed his own de
termniuation and that of his constituents
to adhere to the provisins of that act, an
good faanh; but, if te oppoitents of thme
act intenaded to annul it. the sooner they
dial at the better. Gol. Bemnton had deciared
an unacoampromising war upmon the comtapan
mise. In every debate he gives it a hit.
More than once lhe has made contemptuous
allusions to the "dumv irate or trum virate"
by which it was framed; and declared that
it w as of no force or obligation.
February. 5.
In the Senate, to-day, M r Pierce, of N.
H . presented a memorial from a number
of oflicers of the line of the armny on the
subject of the invidious and unjust distinc
tion made by existing laws in favor of the
oilicers of the statT, as to the rate of pay.
&c. The memorialists complain, and
with much reason, that, under the present
arrangement, offheers of the staff, stationed
at this city, receive more pay thurm officers
of the same grade in the lane, who are ex
posed 1t all the dangers and hardships of
actual service, and to thme great expensies
incident to frequent changes of station and
service. A Captain in the stall receives
four hundred and twenty dollars a . year
more than a Captain ini the line; and yet
we have among the Captains of the line
some veterans whto have served as officers,
even since the year 1808. One of these
gentlemen was said, itt the debate on the
army bill last year, to he the oldest Captain
in any military service in the world.
There is no doubt that promotion is . more
rapid in the staff than in-the line, while, at
the same time, the rate of pay is.bigher,
-which is altogether wrong.
This Senate spent some time in the con
sideration of Mr. Benton's bill fot the arm
ed occupation of Florida. Mr. Preston
made.a speech in oppositioni to the bill.
Some time was spent in executive busi
niess.
in the House, the discussion of the trer
its of the late report froma the Committee
on Finance, as ton the state of the Treasury,
was resumed for a short time during the
morning hour. The Hious. wenr into
Committee on the bill making appropria
tions for the support of 'be army, for the
year1839. Mr. Thompson, of S. C. made
some animated remarks in..9pposition to
the.general polidy of the administration,
and in reply to some previous 'rmarks
from Mr. Pickens, and Mr. Murray, of
Ky, Mr. T. said, inter aiuz, that it was
the design of the administration to gull the
South into the belief, that it would sup
port Southern priucples. But if the South
fell into tis trap, it would be against light
and knowledge, and he proceeded to argue
that the course ol' the adiniuistration had
uot been such as ought to recommend it
to the South.
Tbe bill was finally reported, with some
anendtents, to the House. .
The Investigating Committee will, it is
said, return early next week.
February, 6.
In the Senate. to-day, Mr. Morris, oh
Ohio, made an extraordinary abolition
movement. He said, some time ago, in
d'ebate, that the time would soon come
when the people of Ohio would understand
and support his views on every subject.
Verily, he diust be pretty well understood
by this time. Mr. Morris odiered a long
resolution, declaring, among other things,
tnat the people of any of the 6tates have
as gliod a right to petition Gongress for the
abolition of slavery in the District of Co
luinuia, or for the prohibition of the ad
mission of any news laves States into the
Union, as they have to petition at on any
other subject. Another of the-resolutions
instructs the Committee on the Judicary
to inquire and report as to the power of
Congress, to abolish slavery in the District
of Columbia. Some objection was made
to the reception of the resolution, but the
% ice President decided that the resolution
was oll'ered by the gent letan on his own
responsibility. as a Senator, anti that it was
now regularly before the Seniate. The
resolution lies on the table, liable to be cal
led tip for consideration at any time.
The bill providing for the arned occu
paiiou of Florida was indefinitely postipon.
el, 23 to, 19, but a motion to reconsider
i.As vote was entered.
In the House, the military appropriation
bill was discused-ihe question being
on a totion from Mr. Mercer to insert
an item of $:30,U0for surveys, Mr. Mason.
of Ohito, inade a long speech in support of
thi, motion, and it was opposed by Dr.
Taylor, of N. Y. and others. The old in
ternal improvement policy was fully dis
cussed in this debate.
Febroary 7.
The question of aboiition was inciden
tally the theine oftdiscussion in theSenate.
again this morning. A petition was pre
seated by Mr. Clay, of Kentucky, from
the cities of this District, asking ithat Con
gress would not interfere in their domes
tic relations. On this subject Mr. Clay
caie out in a hold aRnd maily manner, and
was highly complimented by Mr. Cal
houn, for the avowal he had made. Mr.
Calhoun said lie might now consider abo
lition as done, fairly at an end! Mr. Clay
placed the abolitionists in three different
classes in this country. First, those who,
from feelings of Plilaoithropyland humani.
ty, were opposed to the existence ofslavery.
Second, those who were apparently aboli
tionists and sought to ingratiate themselves
with the first class for sinister purposes,
endeavoring' to make them believe that
liberty of speech, the right of petition and
ieedom of the )ress,were attempted to be
infringed by the South. Third, those
who were ultra abolitionists, and sought
to attain their ends, reckless of all conse
quences, of the rights of propertyrof hoh
or, of patriotisum, of all those feelings that
should bind the people of these confedera
ted States in one firm bond of union,
brotherhood and luve. Whlat was it toa
unts class, that they abould overthrow the~
fairest fabric ever r ared by human wisdom
--a government, in the suce-ss of which,
were involved the btest hopes of mankitit.
Mr. Clay took a constitutional view of the
subject and denied the power of Congress
to interfere with slavery in this district,
without a palpable breach of faith, and
,n;hmittedl to the good sense of the peopl'e.
.whether if the power was expressed, it
wvoul'l be wvise or pohitie., or safe, to inter
fere with the existing domestic institutions.
He occupied the Senate about two hours.
and the petition was ordered to be printed
and( laid on the table.
In the Houtse of Representatives, to-day
.llr. Johnson, from Matyland, from the
Seleci Committee on- Public Lands, on
le!ave made the following report:
Resolved. That the committee report to
the House, and ask leave to be dischargedl
from the furt her enuisideration of thbe sub
ject matters referred to them, and that the
journal of the Commiittee be reported and
published.
Resolved further, That the Committee
dleemn it inexpedient to take further steps
on the ,ubject of the public lands this ses
sion.
Mr. Robertson moved to recommit the
report. wvith instructions to report a. joint
resolution to the following effect, viz:
That hereafter the Secretary of the
Treasury shall cause separate accounts
to be kept of all money paid into the TJrea
sury on'account of sales oft bNe public lands,
to he disposed of in the manner hereinaf
ter provided, unless- by law specially di
rected, viz: He shall, on the first day of
July after the next census, and thereafter
semi-annually on the first day of'July and
January in every year, divide all thbe said
money then in the Treasury, among the
several States of the Union toi the ratio of
their federal members: Provided nevert he
less. That not~hilg herein consainedaball
be construed to prohibit the appropriation
of the proceeds of the public laads, or su'ch
portion thereof as may be requisite, to meset
the necessary expenses of Government fcr
any year,in which the receipt from customs
and other sources of revenue shall be esti
mated to fall below - mzillions of dollai,
and when it shall be deemed proper on
that accou ni to apply the said proceeds by
special appropriation, to supply the defi
ciency and meet those expenditures.
Provided also. That in the event of a
w ar with the U. S. and any foreign power,
the said semi-annual division shall .eeasf
and be suspended during the continuance
of such war.
Provided moreover, That nothing herein
contained, shall beconstrued toimnpair the
right and obligation of Congress whenever
it'shall satisfactorily appear that benefits
fro the use of the nublia .funde- or -the
proceeds thereof, have been heretofore, or
shall be hereafter conferred on particular
States, to extend as. far as practicable to
e;ach and all the States in their due and
just proportions, who may require, or be
willing to accept them, similar benefits up
on the same or equivalent terms.
After some remarks from Mr Robert
son, in support of his motion, Mr. Dunn
moved to amend by adding after the first
proviso, "first paying to the States in
which such lands are situate, 12J per cent
of the proceeds of the public lands sold
within such States respectively.'
The huur having expired, without ta
king the question, the 11ouse passed to
the oruers of the day.
Mr. Johnson, of Louisiana, presented a
petition signed by several thousand citi
zens of that State, soliciting the entire
repeal of the act providing for the numu a
lization ol foreigners, and that Government
will make provision by law, for the protec
tion of the United States froua the audis
criminate influx of foreign enigranis, botp
of which they deem necessary for the pro
servation of our republic, and glorious in
stitulions.
on motion of Mr. Johnson, the petition
was ordered to be printed and referred to
a Committee on the % hole.
Alter the reference of some Executive
Communications, on motion of 3r. Cam
breleug, the House resumed the considera
tion of the
Army Appropriation Bill.
The question pending was on the motion
of Mr. Mercer, to amend, by inserting
$30,OW0 for surveys,under the act of I2-44.
Messrs. hiercer and larvin, gav: their
views at much length. At the conclusion
of the remarks of the latter, the amend
ment was citoff by the previous question,
and tie bill read a third tune and passed.
Extracts from the Sipech of Ma. Pakw
Tss. OJ AiSs. on the bejaicutions of the
touveinent. Delivered AFriday, Diec.
Zb, 13d.
I have no hope of reform in the party in
pJOw er; my only hope is, that the People
couvinced of their hypocris) and wicked
ness, will burl thetu fron tlie high places
they nave so l-.g disraced. i hai a con
suwniationti so devoutly to be wished for
way be obtaind, let us unite in exnibitang
to tue country their true principles; let us
fasten upon them,ihe rcsponsiaflty of their
actions. In this patriotic worn, I trust I
shali bud with tie miy hounorable friend
from Uarohna, who sits near ine, (31r.
Picten5.) Often has he led the fierce as
sault against tblese very corruptions.
"Has Ins band waxed weak, or his heart
waxed cold," that his war-cry has not yet
tiugled in our ears! Surely the "uhrn ot
Roland" wall sound again; surely in this,
his lavonte battle, he will strike one more
blow ior Uristendln before he renounces
the cross and assumes the turban. sir.
I see bvy his flashing eye, his soul as with
us; thespirit of the past is rising before
hun: lie recollects that many moons baye
not yet waxed and waned,since this very
parcy, who now clain ham as an ally,
crouched and howled like anl exorcised
demon beneath the magic of his burning
words. Let him come out from among
timri- lie and his friends for they are not
of them; eagles mate not with kites and
carrion crows.
bir, I should rejoice to see the gallant
gentleman resume his originial position. I
should be proud to win my spurs under so
well-approved and accomplished a lader.
Let ine call to his mind a fable with
which lie is doubtless familimar; A gaunt
and ruveilnus wolf; hastily gorgiiag tile
spoils ol some plundering expeutoiun, as
choked by a bone, and lay at the point of
Licath. A stork haipp,-iaed to be passing
ihai way, and moved my an ill judged pity,
e'xtended :ner long nueis downa the w-.,f's
iruat, and extracted the bonu. Upo.,
maodestly suggesuing tale propriety of~ some
reward lor so gen':rous an act, the siork
was told, with a wolfish scowl, that she
uught wo consider herself fiirtuanate that her
aiead was not bitteni oll'during die operation.
Now, I take it tha' it requires no name
ritten beneath this picture, to enable the
mioet obtuse to recognize in the ravenous
wolf the present party in pow er. The picture
wall also call to uiiud how this party, some
years ago, while gorgiug, with wolfish
appetite, upon the "apo:is," got a bone in
its throat, and lay at the point of dissolu
lion. . I leave it to the sagacity ofthe gen
theman from douth Carolina to finish the
resemblance; to say who acted towards
ihe Admninistrationi ihe part of the benev
olent stork, and to retlect upola the boon
she is likely to receive for her kindness.
ABoLITIoN IN DsiawAaE.--The fol
lowing brief but significant report was
lately made in the Legislature of D~elaware
by Mr. Jones, of Wilmington:
"Mr. Jones on Friday presented the
following report:
"Tme committee to whom was referred
the petition of'3[9 'woomen of the city of
Wilmington and county of Newo Castle,'
pra ying for the abolition of slavery through
out this State, g leave to report:
"That they consider the petitioning of
'woomen to our National and State Legis
latures (which they regret to see is becom
ingso general -a practice) as derogatory
from that refinement and delicacy, which
should. under all circumstances, accompa
may the female character, and as an unwar
ranted interference in subjects that should
more properly belong to their fathers, hus
bands, or brothers. ''
"Your committee are also decidedli of
the opinion that .the petitioners whose
names are affixed to the memorial under
consideration, would confer more real ben
efit upon society, if they hereafier confined
their attention to matters of a domestic na
ture, and would be miore solicitous to mend
the garments of their husbands and chil
dren: than to patch the breaches of the laws
and Constitution."
Eztraet of a letter received in Savannah, dated
S-r. AuoUsTrNE, Feb. 9th, 1839.
An oflicer just arrived from Picolata re
ports that Capt. Lloyd Beall, with a party
of the gj dragorms, had just taken and sent
in, from near-Lake Opopka, a party of
eighteen Indians-eight of them warriors.
Two of -the wzrrriors are near. relations of
Wild Cat, and another is acousin of Sam
Jones. wvhich last reportsi ait- Sam Jones
says that he will hang :any Indian who
talks of coming in, or any white nian who
somes tn himt.
EDGEFIELD C. H. -
THuISDAr. FFraUAay 21, I8M9.
We are indebted to the Hon. F. W.
Pickens, for sundry public documents.
It is searcely necessary to call the at
tention of our readers, to the speech of the
Hon. John C. Calhoun, on the graduation
bill. The disposition of the public land.,
has been a queatio verata-a vexed ques
tion for many years. How they will ulti
mately be disposed of, is uncertain. The
whole subject will probably, at an early
day, be called up again at the next session
of Congress.
New Line of Stages.-A new mail line
has been established, between this place
and Columbia, S. C. The line is tri
weekly, and is owned by Messrs. Douglas
& Ward. The mail is carried in backs,
which are new, elegant, and sufficiently
large. Two of them bear the euphonious
titles of Santa tosa, and Mariana.
The New Court House.-T he new Court
House is now coupleted, and we invite
the citizens of the District. and strangers,
to come and see it. It is a large and no
ble looking building, standing on the west
ern side of the great road leading to the
upper country, and but a few yards dis
tant from the site of the old Court House.
The building is of brick, and is two tstories
in height. In the lower story, there are
six rooms-the Sheriff's office, the Glerk's,
the Commissioner's in Equity, the Ordin
ary's, a Jury room, and a small apartment
adjacent to the Clerk's office. A long
and spacious passage runs between the
rooms. The front of the edifice is at
the eastern end, and is painted so as to
resemble granite. By a noble flight of
granite steps, protected by black iron rail
ings, the visitor ascends into the Porti.
co, which is supported by four massy
columns. From thence, he enters the
Court room, which is large and spacious,
and contains a sufiicient number of win
dows. Besides the seat for the Judge,
which is neat, and those for the Jury, there
are others arranged conveniently for spec
ta.prs. In the Court room there is a large
semi-circular table, fur the gentlemen of
the bar. In the western end of the upper
story, there are two Jury rooms, and a
small retiring room, situated immediately
in the rear of the Judge's seat. As the visi
tor enters the village by either of the great
thoroughfares. the Court House presents a
commanding appearance, and immediate
ly attracts his attention. In conclusion, it
may be truly said, that the style of ihe
building is chaste, and. that it is an orua
Inent to the village.
Publication of the Laws.-The Georgia
papers are filled with the Acts, which were
passed at the recent session of the Gleor
gia Legislaiture. WVe are pleased to see
this. The law which authorises and piays
lor the pulication of all-the Acts oh As
sembly in that State, is most excelleiji.
We recommteud the passage ot such a law,
in douth Carolina. Besides benefittitng
that most useful class of citizens, the
Printer., this law would he of' great advan
tage to the public at large. It is certainly
of great concernment to every citizen, to
know what has been dune by the men,
whom he has selected for his. representa
tives. How is he to know, unless the acts
of those representatives are published in
the newspaper.! According to the pres
ent system, printers genterally publish on
Liy a list of the acts. It cannot be expect
ed that they should publish the proceed
ings of the Legislature at lull length, nith
out remuneration, to the exclusion of oth
er tatier, for which they are paid. It ar
gues well for the intelligence of' any coun
try, to have the acts of its government,
wade known to all its citizens. In tue
early. ages of the Roman Republic, the
laws were carefully concealed from the
Plebeians, by the Patricians, in order to
keep the common people in ignorance, and
to strengthen their own power. A. the
people becamie more enlightened, and
more sensible of their own rights, the laws
which were enacted, were made public.
Afl'airs thus continued, until the overthrow
of the Republic, and 'the commencement
of Imperial power, under Augustus. The
arts and polite literature, indeed flourish
ed under the Emperors for a season, but
the laws were only known to the people,
in their despotic oppression. Liberty was
at an end, and a night of barbarism short
ly enveloped the world. In our own day,
we find that it is the policy of all arbatrary
governments, to keep the people in igno
rance of the laws. Look at Russia ! Her
fifty millions kitow nothing of law, save
from the ukases "fher irrespoausible Au
tocrat; and even these are perverted and
construed, by the magistrates and petty
governors, to the oppression of the people.
Great Britain, and our own country. are
indebted for all their high inteiligence, and
indomitable spirit of liberty, to the publi
city which is given to the acts of their go
vernments. In making these remarks, we
intend to cast no reflection upon the legis
Jawrs of Sonnth C!arolina. Wa respnctfr-L
ly request them to easet sueh a Jaw' as we
bsve- proposed, pro bino ublico, for the
publie good.
Law Court of Appeals.-dI'he following
gentlemen were admitted, on the 12th inst.
to practice Law in the Superior andrnfe
rior Courts of Law in this State vi:- --
Messrs. Thomas P. Butler, of Greenville.
Charles C. Hay, Benjamin Elliott, -. A.
Hurlbut, Lambert J. Jones, Samuel Law
rence, W. H. Lee, Benjamin C. Pressly,
3. Harleston Read, Jr., F. Delesseline
Richardson, John J. Seibels, J. W. Wil
kinson, and J. Smith Whitakqr.
Parere subjeis
- Dateare superibo.
Spare the vanquished--wage war against the
haughty.
This should be the motto of every ed&
tor. So long as his opponent advocates
principles which he believes to be wrong,
he should resist him manfully, but when
he quits the field,beshould not pursue him,
and attempt to destroy him. We have
been pained to see the manner in which
some Whig'editors bitterly revile the
Washington Chronicle, which has just ter-"
minated its existence. Let them take care,
lest the old saying should be applied to
them, that "the ass kicketh the dead lion."
The practice, which has now become re
ry common, of exulting over a fallen ad..
versary, is unmanly and ungenerous. We
eschew it In the changes of parties,
which are constantly going on, no editgr
knows how long his party will be in the
ascendant. He should be cautious: how
he triumphs over a prostrate opponent.
The Georgia Journal is now under the
management of a new editor, Mr. James
H. R. Washington. His introductory re
rarks are worthy of all commendation.
Bei.ag ourselves but tyros in the art editori
al, we shall endeavor to follow the course
laid down by our brother of the quill: We
make the following extract:
To the corps editorial, we present our
acknowledgements for the friendly man
ner, in which they have generally herald
ed our approach; and sincerely desiring,
that nothing may occur to mar the pleas
ant relations that now subsist, we tender
to them all, the hand of courtesy and'good
fellowship.
"Aware of the perils by which we are
environed, we are consoled by.the reflee
tion, that we shall be sustained by the kind
indulgence of our patrons, and the lenien
cy of those who have themselves been call
ed to tread the thorny way. Connected
with this subject, there is one thing which
has often occurred to us with great force:
It is this, there ;s too much-bickering and
jealousy generally mauifested by the edi
torial fraternity in political discussions.
"To bear and forbear," is a christian max
im.. ail iiould be carried into unikersal
privtice. For ourselves, orrassumingile
eonduct of a punlic Journal, we have firm
ly resolved, to preserve a dignifieda nd if
possible, a reapecifeu deportment towards all
the fraternty; and from then we shall er
pect a return of civilities."
Sidney Rigdon, one of the leaders of
the religious sect of Mormons, who it will
lie remembered, were drivin from their
settlements, in Missouri, has been for some
time part. confined in jail in that State.
He has recetitly written a letter to the Ed
itor of the Si. Louts Evening Gazette, in
which he describes the sufferings of his
sect. He says, that they tave been much
injured by mobs, who have wantonly de
stroyed their property and provisions, in
consequence of which, the women and
children have suffered greatly, and inany
have diedi He Rays, that the State of.
Missouri, has taken no measures to punish
titese lawless depredators. This earnest
and affecting letter cannot but call forth
the public sympathy. The Mormons, as
a sect, we believe, exist no longer in Iii-.
souri. We hope their sufierings illi soon
be at an end.
From the statements annexed to the re
port, of the Director of the bint, of the
United States, it appears that the coinage
of the Mint, at Philadelphia, in the year
1838. was as follows:
Eagles, $72,000
Half eagles, . - 1,482,940
Quarter eagles,. 117,575
Half dollars, quarter- dollars
dimes and half dimes, 2,293,000
Cents, 63,702
33,979,217
The Coinage at the brandl mints was as
follows:
At Charlotte, 20,780 pieces.
of gold. $84,165
At Dahlohnega, 20,583 do. 102,915
At N. Orleans, 102,430 silver, . 40,243
64,206,540
The gold deposited for coinage. at -the.
Mint of the United States, Philadelpliia,
from the mines of the U. States, was in a
mount as follows:
Virginia., from 1829 to 1838,.
inclusive, 482,000
N. Carolina, from 1824 to 1838, 2,648,500
S. Carolina,from 1829 to 1838 340,500
Georaia, from 1830 to 1838. I.799,900
Tennessee, from 1831 to 1830, 13.900
Other sources, .13,400
65,298.200
John S. Copdell, Esq. is re-elected Pie
sident of the Bank of South. Carolina.
The Branch of the Bank of the Stateot
Alabama, at Mobile. has <uspended speciA
payment of all sums abovq $10. . ...,..e y