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"Wo will eling to the pillars of the imple of our liberties, I. LABOIIDE, Editor.PULSE WELY anud if it must fall we will perish *midst the ruius." VOLUME 3. EDGEELD C. I. <S. C.> sat a Ma , 1ss. -NO. 8. The Edgeficid Advertiser. is PUBLiSnEn EVERY TIURSDAY MORNING. TErms.--Three Dollars per anmi ir paid in advance,-Three Dollars and Filly Cents if paid before the expiration of Six Months from the diat of Subscription,-and Four Dolta if not paid within Six Months. Subscribers out of the State aire required to pay in advance. No subscriptiou received lor less than one year, and no paper discontinued until all arrearages are paid, except at the optiout or the Editor. All subscriptions will be continued uiless other wise ordered, at the end aif tho year. Any person procuring five Subscribers and becounng responsible for the sante, shall receive the sixth copy gratis. ADaVn-risKtN Ts c.naspicunSly inserted at (2. cents per sgnare, for the first auasertioi, and 43 cents f ir each continnance. Advertisemients not having the number of insertionis marked on thei, will ba continued until ordered out, and charged accordingly. All Advertisemnents intended for pIblientioni in this paper, munst be deposited in the Office biy Tusatuy evening. All conmunentions saddressed to the Editor, (Posr-PAID) Will be proanptly and strictly at tended to. BLOCK TIN AND JAPAN I .f R E. T IE Suscriber ins on hand a very lar-e supply of ready. made TIN WA IE of all descriptions, which he ofTers at whole sale or retail, at ws low prices as can ie af firded in this part or the country. Ile has also a Ia. supply of te new est fashioni of J APA N WA RtE,iogether with English and llock Tilt Ware or excellent quality. Also Copper and Sheet Irou Ware-Sheering Hand1 Brazin: Copper,-lIlock tin, Stove Sselter, and Tin Plate-all of which tie of u -nr un: Iw. A0 -.--*-4 .." -... - -- streer. Augusta. 13. F. CIIEW. 'Tie subscriber being truly tlhanlfnl for the very lilieral pntronage heretofore be stowed upon lin by his frienids and the puib lie generally, respecifully solicits ;a contim anicie of their favors-nnd oilers his servi ces in either ,s the Iiibluiwing lbrnaiches of his hnsiness-Copper Tin, Sheet Iron, and 1loo0:g. HI. ''. C. At guistn, I, Mlarebi 5 if 5 . A AR D. L. J11P-'ll .1s & Co. aeknowl - elgles renewed 'ilidrations to tleira frieids and eaioniels for the very liberal 'ipatroalge hereitolre biestowed on them; 11 and beg leavet to annaaaonnee, that they h:ivc now Oil huamdl, anid will continne to receive, aj well Selected assokrtIent of GOO)S, Barowan 1ad Lonf Sugar, Greenl anld WX hite Coi'l'e. N. 0. & Sitgnar Ilionse Mlasses, :1i1e ami Spirits of* t~e her elecion Canal l.'i--r-whole mnd ialf bis. .ile lRpienad alagin, Iron nand Steel, TI'ogether with all other nticles in tIhe G( er j Line:--n hiet hey %%ill sell, or send to irdler, II'arraeid GoOd, at the lowest mar 1,et Prices T .ey alo coniinne to trut'aet 'ommi;s sion lsisiemn rieceiving. ntill for wardhig Of Good,;.s and1 teniter to their f.-ieils assuanlce of their best atientiol to orders in that htle of businaess. Saambi:rg, M1arch 138. tf 5 The Penilleton ileasenger will inser the albove 'liir times una send the'r bill fir pyetto It. L. J. N OTICE. A .1. per'Sonsi indebteda'a to thea estate oif Stamuel j. 'alhvlai l'l l~ta oifAbbila~h Disirict dle'd. ar.* regnesa'.td to ma.ike. paaymaent innieditately, anid lh..t avinig deimanuds to present them11 aah tat te:- n thin tlahla jie rescribied lby law, to either oa' the aub.-eribe.rs. .it ll Ci Teil.\N A. 1.lia.ma i. ill-'. ItitN iie Idaamrs. i iAg auaas t agaia. i a1'8'ati ~ ti ulaataa .A&Il1, Peaos' indebted to telatelaI tAirs 1 ing deualaiag aaaii5gain-si the ettef adda.-edii nreai dlneit toese. te uy tetd .IOII.N.UI. ET'.h1, I.xcet., LL~~ I Peron indebawatedv fti ahe lae tChSa H 'Tiar- rta pt, deceasedf'U .. ar, ieaplii edototmak imedaate p-hymet. al.\n eltlc / ', i l.'3 .i -t (OR TIn ADVriLTisER:.]. TO MY DISCARDED TOOTII. I've had 'Ihce now for many years. And 11ititlful thou alist been; Blut time, with it's corro.-ive cares From me, you now doth weer. You've livcd through me, and I, Iv you, Like dear and husoim friedls, You've proved to me but once untrue And friendship for it ends. 'Tis trtie, our parting was severe, I could have wished thee stay, I shed it) thee a parting tear, As thou didst flee away. I've doue no more to thee. my tooth, Than 51EN do to each other. I ve used thee in thy strength and youth, Anid now, I'll try another. S. isiceInanconsg. Bkuuliful Eulogy on Jiurns.-At a late Cel btralion in Looisville, (Ky.) of the birth d1ay of Scotland's flavorite poet, Iom.:-Ar 13uuiNs, Air. I'RNTIcI:, the celebratedI pI sier of the Louisville .ournal, addressed the U company in the following ha ppy strain: " Dritait and A inerien tnssembiltle 10 Pay their heartfelt tribute of admiration to the mnero'iry of Robert BItrns, the unrivalled milt irel of Scotland, whose fame gathers fireshness from the lapse of years, and like 1 the ivy, flot.rishes greenly over the lone prostration of the lovely and the lentiful. "You all know the hislory or Bnrns. The world knows it by heart. The Scottish ihgs. to one of the loftiest and brightest places in the history of literature. lie was lie child of misforiune; nod mankind still weeI over tie sorrows of that gif'ted ueniis, aIll will weep over them forever. lie was unfitted fir the ron.nh trials of a world like this. The lyre of his sol should have been fanned but by tile airs or Eden, and have given ont its usic in a heavenly elime; and whIio cin wonder that its chords were jarre Id and almost broken, wen visited by the fierce winds, the swift lightninis, anid the blastiig hurricanes of' life. Like the rain how, his fame sprung up amid;t clouds of 2loom; bitt, like the rain-how, it was a re Ileetion of the sun and "its areh, though resting upo th11e itart h, was lost in heaven." "'The genius of' Burns n as universal.-l n whatever lie ateipted his success n% as per fect. Iiis talent was all powerful, whether lie inimed at tile he:art ofthe votary tf fes tivit y, to kindle tIe high and holy fervor of 'devot ion, to pour his great enhuinsinsm for liberty into the sonl of the patriot, or to ierve the arm ai: send the iava tide of ven ecance along the veins of the warrior. If youl 1aIss through Scotlaini, you feel his great ilini('nce every where. like a iutiversal pre sence. Ile has male lint wild and ronanlie contItrv cmtphatieally his owin. IIiS step is n3pon iet r illountais, her hrnes and her lens -his iiage is reflected f'rom her lochs and her gushiing streatmis--and his nameu is breathed by her Iwinds, ecIhoed by her litn ders. and ebanted by her brave sons atl I.e ntifuhl daulgliters." W't re --Whein a Malm a ft senize coies to marry; it is a colpaniont 1% 1141111 b le wanits not on artist. It is int merely a crenture who eall pnilit and play .sing and dance; it is a be:ing w ho cana (comiafout 1113n conutse'l him i, 43n1 whlo cant resonit ail refleci, mitl feel anid judge sad discoulrse antd discriiiate;:1 otie whlo ennt assist him 3 itt his atfliars, lighten Ihis sor'row s, puOrify his joys, 5trentgthen'1 hiis picile~stand eduemrae his ehiblreii. Sneht is the womanti who4 is fit for n moother, mitu the mtistress o~f a filyh. A omantt osf the formter dhescription)3 oesiionally fisgures in thel dra wig r4om3, and3( attiracts the3 ad 3mira':tion) of the comptany, Int she~ is enltir'eky unitift r aii' help-mate to ai manit, ail to "'traini op a child in thle way lie should go."' IIbisr EIort.:NVe'e-"KNol for ourselrrs bunt othe r.s."' is the gratid laiw 1f inture', iniserih~ed biy thec handii of ( iod ott evey42 parlt of' crea. tiotn. Not fihr itself. hntt iothers. (does thte sun dispenuse its bheam s; tnt fhr themnselvyes, hnt oiters. do( the 'loatdsd(ist ill iteir' showeirs: 1not for her'self, bt tothier's, dotes lie earlik un lock her treatsures; tot fhr thiemiselvyes, bult it hers, 110 the trces protlnee their frusit, or the ilowier, dillose their fagrancie and dis p ilay their viouilts hue14S. Si , lnt fori himiself, buit other's, are tlch lessiungs oflien 'fvent hIe sicowied oni man11................I ie who lives only to htitmrelt, and3 constumes the honiv oh Ii eavent upon(lt.his lusts. (It 'ontse erntes' it 14o the dhemton aivarice, is a Ilnrren rock~ in a f'ertile plain-ie is at thorny brnm it file in a 'rutitful vineyard; h~e is thte grave of (oad's lasinigs; lie is the very Araias desert of the muorah word.-P;,json. Teeare the TJimrcs to try M1n's ,S'le. Ait exchiinge paper4:3 tells of a imant wyhoc hasd aworn't ontt fou~r pair of' hoots inl I wuo mnthIs, :n!I ill trying to cot!!teet th~e mnoney to3 pay for Donatestic News. SPEECH OF MR. CALHOUN OF S. C. ON TIr SUn-TRFASURY BILL. In the Seate of the U. Statcs Feb 15, 183d. [coNC LUDED.J I come now to the next point,to show how this league is to be revived or stimulated into life. Till this can hle d6ne, t le substi tute, should it become a law, would be a dead letter. The selection is to be made from specie paying banks. None bat such can receive the public depositories, or have their notesreceived in the dues of the Gov ermnent. There are none such now. Tlhe wthole banking system lies inanimate; and nist be vivified before it can be reunited with the Uovernment. No one is bold enough to propose an iinon witi this life less mass. How then is the vital spark to be revived ? how the breath of lifle, the Promiethean fire, to be breathed itio the sys tem anew, is the question! This is the task. The mover tells us, that it must be the work of the (iovernment. lie says that it is bound to aid the banks to resume pay ineut's; and for that purpose ongeht to hold >nt (o thetm some adeliunle inducement. lie tells us, that they have been long prepar ng and had made great efforts, but can go 10 farther; have rolled the round, huge roek dhnost to the summit, but unless the Gov :rlnient put its giant arm, and give the last M*h, it will recoil, and rush down the steel) o the bottom, and all past labor be lost. woW, what is 'the adequate inducement ? hat this powerful stimulus, which it is roposed the Government should apply, in irder to enable the banks to accomplish this erculean task! The substitute shall an wer. It proposes to fix the Ist of July next for lie period of resumption; and as tie induce cnt to resume, it proposes to select 25 of lie most respectable and solid, out of the esuming banks, to be the depositories of lie public moneys, and the fiscal agent of lie Government,as has been already stated. Ialso proposes, and this is the stimulus, he essence of the whole,-to make the otes of such banks as may resume on or efore that day exclusively receivable in lie public dues. Here is a quid pro quo; inething proposed to be done. ir which nMC4Sjfnairy,-n fotu resu-ae,"e, dli our art, stipulate to make twenty-five of you ur fiscal agents and depositories of the pub ie revenue; and we further stipulate that hose who resume by the time fixed, shall Ive the exclusive privilege for ever of giving their notes receivable in the dues of lie Governnieal, in common wilt gold and ilver. If the banks perform their purl, we hall be bound in honor and good faith to >erform ours. It would le a comllete con raet, as obligatory as if signed, sealed, and lelivered. Such is the inducement. 'rIe next question is, will it be adegnate? Ves. abundantly adequate. *he battery is itrong enough to awaken tie dead to life; lie consideration suflicient to remunerate lie banks for whatever sacrifice they may )e compelled to make, in order to resume nyment. It is ditlicult to estimate the halte of these high privileges, or preroga ives, as I maight jusly call thent. They ire worth millions, If you were to enter nto : similar contract with an individual, I doubt not, that he could sell out in open iarket for at least ihirty, forty or filly mil ions of'dollars. I do thei the mover the lstice to say that his menus are amiple to llcet whbat he proposes. As uifucult as is he work of resimption.-aud difficult it will Lirn out to lie when tried-the inducement will prOve all sufficient. But the resnmp lion, hIowever desirable, may lie purchased too dearly ; and such would prove to le the case, should the prioject succeed. Not only i. the oil'er too great, but the no-le of efl'ect ing it lighly objectionable. Its operation would prove not less disastrous thaln time bargain has been shown to le unconstitu tional, wIhich I shall now proceed to estab li-l. Tilhe o'er will have a double efiet. It will acet ats a pow~rfrul stimulus toi resumtrp tion, but will act at lhe samei lime wvith ecia! liarcc to excite a struggle aiiming the banks, not onuly to resume llhemselv'es bitt to pirevenmt others fromi resumaing. The reasoii is clear. Th'le adlvantage to each will in creas~e, as tihe nutmbler of' the resuinlg banks decreases ; atnd of' course, the great point oif' conitest among~li the strlonlg will lie to re str'ict the pircl1eed plrize to the smallest numiber. Th~le closer thme mionopoly the gr'eater' ihe profits. Itn this struggle, a corn fbiattin of' a fewv powerfiid and wealthy bankils, thle most respectable andl solid, as dlesigunated ill the stubstitute, will overs browv atid traimlle down the residnie. iTheir' fall will sprteatd desolatioti over the land. Whlat' ever tmay lie the fate oif others in ihis des' perate contest, there is onie, in) relation to which ino dotibt cami be entertained; I refet ito the U'nited States batik of Pennsylvania, a leitg inme anid a miisnonmer; and which, lhr the sake of'lbrevity, but wvitht no1 personlal disresplect tol tito distinlgUished individual at the head, I shall call M~r. IHiddle's bank. That at least, will lbe one of the winners tine of the 25 to whom I lie prize will lie ar, signled. its vast resources, its wvealthi ant inflluenitial co'lieetions$, both at home ant uabroade, the skill atid ability of' the oflicer a its head, and wvhat is less honorable, the i~eami resou rce ii holds, in the niotes of the late 'niitedl States Bank, of' which tmore than six miillions have ieen pt into circit lation. iu violation, to say thme least, of truslt, constitutinig meo than five sixths a gl its circulaition, atnd whiich it is not bounll to) pay-ith thte still greater anitunt 01 hand, matking in the whole mordie than 2(6, (tilnIl nat..., ,,.h,;ha ,,,. bem e t he,,n~ aw .m way, ifpot prevented, would place it he yond all doubt among the victors. II starts without proper weights, and will lea( the wof from the first. Who the other may bois uncertain; this will depend main ly upon:his good will and pleasure. It mn be put down as certain, whoever they na3 he, thatlthey will be powerful and influen tial, and not unfavorable to his interest oi aggranizement. Rut the mischievous ef feet witl not be limited to this death-like strugglel in which so many must fall and be crushed, that znight-otherwise weather the storm. The forced resumptnon. for such it will be lu eff'ect, wonhi lie followed by wide spread desolation. It is easy to sink to sus pensiont but hard to return to resumption. Under .4he most favorable cirunustances, anud wl-en couducted most leisurely and cantiously, t he pressure must be severe; but, if coercI or precipitated by bankrupt lnws or temptations such as this, it will be ru mois. To make it safe and easy must be the work ofrtime. Government cannot do but little. The disease origiuntes in exces sive ind6btedness, and the only remedy is paymient or reduction of debts. It is esti mnated, :tlat When the banks suspended paymeiy the community was indebted to tIhsem tihe enormons sun of $475,000,000. To rettice this within the proper limits is in tie irork of a few days, and can be but little aided by us. The industry and the vast respurces of this country, with titme,are the only remedies to be relied onl for the re duction;and to these with tho State Legis latures, Pnd the public opinion, the resump tio nImu be left. To understand the sub ject full , we must look a little more into the renaltause of the difliculty. Thigenorious debt was incurred in prospe rqus times. The abundant means of the bnks, from the surplus revenue and a comb' ation of other causes. induced them t discount freely, This increased the ci lation, and with its increase, its value d reciated, and prices rose propor tioVabl., With this rise, enterprise and specula on seized the whole community, and ev , one expected to make a fortune at once. and this in turn gave a new imi putlsa t discount and circulation, till the swellin .tide burst its barrier, and deluged the lan , Then began the opposite pro cess of - bsorbing the excess. If it had been p ible to return it back to the Bank, and business portion of the cominuuity, the mischief would have been in a great Mns tire avoided But circulation had flown off into other reservoirs; those of the mo neyed man anudbankers, who hoard when prices are high, and btuy when they are low The portion thus drawn ofT and held in de posite, either in banks or the chests of in dividuals, was as effectually lost, as far as the debtors of the banks were concerned, as if it had been burnt. The ments of' payment was thus diminished ; prices fell mi proportion, and the pressure increased, as they fell. Though the amount in circu lation be greatly reduced, yet the banks aire afraid to discount, lest on resumption. the hoarded mass ofdeposites held by indi viduals or other banks, should be let loose, and, in addition to what might be put into circulation should discounts be made, would cause another innundation to be fol lowed by another suspension. Ilow is this dinhculty to be saibly surmounted, but by unlocking the hoarded mens? Anti how is that to be done, without deciding the curren cy question? This is the first and necessa ry step. That done all will be able to cal culate, and determine what to do. The period of inaction and uncertainty would cease, and that of business revive. Funds int are now locked up would again he brought into operation, and the channels of cirenation would he replenished in the only mlode that can be done with safety. 'I'hus thinking, I an now and have been from the first, in favor of at early decision, and adverse to all coercion. or holding out teump' tation to resume ; leaving the disease to the gradual and safe operatliou of titte, witt] as little tampering as possible. In the men tine, I hold it to be unwvise to cease discotunting, and to adopt an itndiscrinminuat' system of cur'tailmcnt. its effects tare ruin Otis to the business of' the country, and cal culated to retard, rather thtan to accelerant a rcsumiptio~n. The true systemn, I wouk samy, wvould be to discount wvith bumsines: papler as freely as usual, and curtail gradu ally our permanent debts. rThe formne wvould revive business. and would incereast thme debts of the banks less than it wouhi increase the ability of the comnmunnity t< luaving nown shown how this league, o combination of bainks is to be fortmd an revived, with the daticulties in the way,i retmains to determine, whaut will be the trui character and natturo of' the constitutioi when formed. It will consist of State bitank retainming their original powers, that of' dis counting and all, without being in th slightest degree imp~lairedl. To these thm substitute proposes to add important addi tiins: to receive their unotes as gold an silver in the ptublic dues; to give them ilh use of the public deposites, and to organiz and blend the whole itnto one, as the fisct tigent of the Gov'ernumenit, to be pluace u tnder the itmmiediate sutpervision and cotl trol of the Secretary of' the Treasury. Now what does all this amotntt to?--Sha I name the wvord-be n~t startled ; A BA N1 -a Government bnnk,-the mnost extensis powverftul and dangerous, that ever existe i'his stbstituto wvould be the act of inco poration; and flue privilege it cotnfers, f muchl additional batnking capital, incresir I immuensely its powers anad giviing it an ui alimited cotntrol over the businiess and e: - changes of the cotntry, SThe Seniato~r frow Virginia (St1r. R ive w as right in supposing that this new trial > of the experiment would be made under I very difl'rent circumstances from 4e first. s and would have a different termination. That too, like this, was a bunk-a Govern ment bank, as distinguished from the late bank, to which it wass et up as a rival, and -vas at the time constantly so designated in debate. But the circumstances now are indeed different-very diff'ernt, and so would be the result of the experiment. This bank would be the same rickety con cern as the former. That ended in anarchy and this would end in despotism. I will explain. The former failed not so much in congo quence of the adverse circumstances of the times, or any essential defect in the system, as from the want of a head-a common sensorium, to thiuk,-to will,-and decide, --for the whole, which was indispensably necessary to ensure concert and give unity of design und execution. A head will not be wanting now. Mr. Biddle's bank will supply the delect. lis would not ouly be one of the resumiu banks, as I have shown but would also be ene of the twenty-five to be selected. If there should be the terneri ty to omit it, the present project would share lie fate of the predecessor. Mr. Bid ble's boank at the head of those excluded, would be an over match for the selected, in skill, capital and power; and the whole league would le inevitably overthrown But if selected, the position of his bank in ,lie league would be certain. Its vast capi tal, its extensive connections, its superior authority, and his skill, abilities and influ ence, would place it at the head, to think and act for the whole. The others would be as dependant on hi4, as the brauchesof the late bank were on the mother institution. The whole would form one entire machine, im pelled by a single impulse, and* making a perfect contrast with its predecessor in the unity and energy of its operations, Nor would its fate be less dissimilar. Anarchy was inscribed on the first from the beginning. Its deficiency in the great and essential element, to ensure concert, was radical and could not be remedied. Its union with the Government could not sup ply it, nor avert its destiny. But very dif lerent would be the ease of the present. Acid its intimate union with the Govern meat for which the substitute provides, to and bank, would unite and constitute a san gle power; but which would gain the aseen dency; whether the Government would be conte the bank or the bank the governmen, is neither certain nor material: for whichever it iight lie, it would form a despotic money cracy, (if I may be permitted to unite an English and a Greek word,) altogether ir resistible. It is not a little surprising that the Sena tter from Va., (31r. Rives,) whose watchful jealousy could detect, as ie supposed, the cnbryoof a Government bank in the bill, should overlook this regular incorporation of one by his own substitute. Out of the slender materials of Treasury warrants, and drafts to pay public creditors or trans mit funds from place to place, as the public service might require, and four principal tp cuivers to keep the public money. lie has con'urod un, with the aid of a vivid imagi nation, a future Government bank. which ie told us, %with the utmost confidence, would rise like a cloud, at first as big as a hand, but u hich would soon darken all the horizon. Now, it is not a little unfortunate for his confident prediction, that~these semi nal principles from which the bank is to spring, have all existed from the commence mient of our Government in full force, ex cept the four receivers, without showing the least tentlency to produce the result lie an ticipates. Not only ours, but every civil ized Government has the power to draw Treasury warrants, and transfer drafts; nor has the power in a single instance termi nated in a bank. Nor can the fact, that ie money is to be kept by receivers. con tribute in the least to produce one. The p ulilic funds in their hands will be as much bie yond the control of the Executive, as it wias in the vaults of the banks. But to shorten discussion, I would ask, how can there be a bank without the power to dis count or to use the deposibes? And ot of which of the provisions of the bill could the~ Treasury, by any possibility ob tain either, under the severe penalhies or the ball, which pirohibits the touching of the puliic mooney. except on warrants or drafts Idraten by thos'e having authority, in due forni, anid for the public service. llut the danger which an excited imagi nation anoticipates hereafter from the bill I would exist in sober reality undler the sub Sstitute. 'Phere it would require neither fancy nor conjecture to crente oue. it awould exist with all its faculties and enidow a mients compllete; discoumts, deposits, and . all ;--with its imimense means, guided u by a cenitral aiid directing hieadl, and blend o ed' and untited with thme Government, so as - to form Oneo great mass of power. WVhat a LI contrast with the bill ! ilow simple1 and o harmless the one, with its four princijn~l re e ceivers, twice as many clerks and hvc in il spectors, compared with this complex and d mighty engine of power! And yet there -are many, both intelligent and patriotic, - who opposed the bill and supported the 11 substitute, oin the ground that the formet would give more patrounge and power than *e the latter ! How strange and wvonderful 1. the diversity of~the human mind! r- So far from being true, the very fact of th< 0 separation of theo Gevernment from the g banks, provided for in the bill, would, o i- itself, be the most decisive blow that conk '-he given ageinstGovernment patromage: am and the union of the two, the most decisiv ii in ftwnr. When nnecS nra rcccivod in tb public dues, as cash, and the public money deposited in their vaults, the banks become the allies of the Goverment on all qlueslions connected with its fiscal action. The higher its taxes and duties, the greater its revenue and expenditure; and the larger its surphis. the more their circulation and business, and of course, the greater their proAt; nmd hence on all questions of taxation and dis bursements, and the accumulations of lind.i ia the Treasury, their interest would throw them on the side of the Government and against the people. All this is reversed, when separated. The higher the taxation and disbursements, and the larger the surplus, the less would betheir prolt; and theirinterestin that Case, would throw them with the people, and against the Government. The reason io; obvious. Specie is the basis of banking opt. rations; and the greateramiount they com mand, the greater will be their business anit profits; but when the Govcrarnmnt issepura ted front them and collects and pays away its dues in specie, instead of their notes, it i*1 clear that the higher the taxes and disburse ments, and the greater the surplus in the Treasury, the more specie will be drawn from the use ot the banks and the less will be left as the basis of their operations ; and cousequently, the less their'profit. Every dollar withdrawn from them would dinji ish their business four-fld at least; aid hence a regard te their own interest would1 imevitaly place them ou the side to wljivu I have assigned thym. The efiects on the politics of the conn try would be great and salutary. The weight of the banks would be taken fron Lhe side of the tax consumers, where it has been from the commencenent of the Gov mnnment, and placed on the side of the tax payers. This great division of the commu - ity necessarily grows out of the fiscal ne tion of the Government. Take taxation and disbursement together, and it will al ,vays he found that one portion of the Com nunity pays into the Treasury, in the shapo )f taxes, more than it receives back in that >f disbursements, and that another receives jack more than it pays. The former atre the tax payers, and the latter the consu nors, makin; the-great, essential, and con rolling division in all civilized communi. ies. I, with us, the Government has been thrown on the side of the consumers, as it edseqnenci, atafiesstiil"iuiid powerfully on that side. It is to this mis ehievous and unholy alliance, that may ba traced almost all the disasters that have be rallen us, and the great political degeneracy Df the country. lence the protective sys lem-hence its associated and monstrous system of disbursements; hence the collec tion of more money from the people than the Government could require; hence the vast and corrupting surplusses; hence Leg islative and Executive usurpations; and finallf, hence the prostration of the curren cy and the disasters which give rise to our present deliberations. Revive this fatal connection ; adopt this substitue, and all this train of evils will again fidlow with re doubled disasters and corruption. Refuse the connection; adopt this bll, and all will be reversed, and we shall have some pros pect of restoring the Constitution and coun try to their primitive simplicity and purity. The effect of the refusal on the patronage of the Government would he great and de cisive. Burke has wisely said, that the "revenue is the State in modern times." Violence and coercion are no longer the in struments of-Government in civilized com munities. Their reign is past. Every thing is now done by money. It is not only the sinew of war but of politics; over which, in the form of patronage, it exercises alnost unlimited control. Just as the revettte its creases or diminishes, almost in the siuno proportion, is patronage increased or distin ibhed But admit for a moment, that neither the separation nor the connection would uve any sensible ef'ect to increase or diminish the revenue; and that it would be of the samne amount, whether the bill or the sub stituste ,.hould be adopted; yet, even on thast supposition,the patronage of the latter woul-l be an haundred fold grea ter dhna the former. In estimnating the amount of patronage of any measure, three particulars miust les taken into the calcuhanon,; the number who may he affected by it; their influence in thes cotmmunity, and extent of the cotntrol exer cised over thiem. It wvill he found on~ c-om p~arison, that the substitute combhines tall these elements in a fat greater degree, thant the bill, as I shall now proceed to show.I begisr with the number. The bill provides, as has beenf stated, foar four principal receivers, eight or tenl clerk. and a suitable number of agents to act aas inspectors, niaking ina he whole, say 2!5 in dividuals. These won dlconstitufE, lie only additional officers to keep and disburse th~e public money. The substitute, in addlitiont to the oflicers now in service, provides lfar the selection of 25 baniks. to be utsken tromt the mfost powerful and inftuenthdf, and whgich would have, on an average, at least, 10N* oflicers and stock-holders each, making in the aggregate, 2,500 persons, who wonl lbe directly interested in the banks, and of courso tander the influence of the Government. As to the relative influence of tho officr and the selected banks over the community, every impartial man must acknowvledge, that the preponderance would be greater on the Sidle oft the latter. Admitting the re spectability of the receivers and other o111. Icars provided for ini the bill, and the oficers and stockholders of the banks to be indi Ividually the same, still the means of control at the disposition of the former, wenld be as nothing compared tp that of the latter~ They cotald not touch a cot'ef pUlik