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hi. LABORDE, Editor. "W will cling to the pillars tho temple of our liberties, and if it must fall we will rish amidst the ruins." WLY, VOJ~IJ~iE 3 EDGEFLEL6D c. VE .) March 22. 1Issue* 'T e EdgefliId Advertiser. IS IsIJ11 It .1 iF ) EVElRY THURCSDAY MORNING. TIRMS.-Th1'bree Ioliars per anumn ir plld in advance,-Three Dollars and Filly Cents if paid hefore the expiration of Six Months firom the date of Sulription,-nd Four Dollars it not paid within Six Montis. Subscribers out oi the Suate are required to pay in adraince. No sithsription received for less than one gear, and no paier discontinued until all arre.arages nre paid, except at the option of the EdNitor. All subscriitions will be continued uilessother wise ordered, at the end of the year. . Any person procuring five Subss . hers .nd bectining responsible for the same, shall receive the sixth coipy gratis. invxr.as ta -rs e.nspienutsly inserted at G(2 cents per square, for the first itisertion. and 4'F cents for eacl I h coitinutiniice . Advertisenn-its nt having the nuiber of insertions marked on thent. will b) rontinued until ordered out, tand einrlgled necordinidly. Aill Adve, tiseinent inteided for piublieation in this paper, mu11ist be deposited ini the olice Iy 7usdfly creningz. All colmnnieations addressed to the Editor, (rOsT-PA D ) will be proinptly and strictly at teidel to. BLOCK Ti.% AND JA PAN T iIE Stuscriber hason hand n very lnre supply of ready made TIN WA It E. of all description, which he offers at whole sale or retail, at as low prices as enti e if fordeid in this part of the coniry. Ile Ihs also a lnrere supply of the newest fashion of .J A PA N WA R ',tiogethcr with English and Illock Tin Ware of excellent gnality. Also Copper and Sheet Tronl Wnre-Sihenting and lirazin- Copper,-Ullock tin, Stove Speller, nl Tin Plate-all of whirh lie of fers for sale low for cash, at No iGS Broad streer, Amngt. 13. F. Clll.W. The subtcriher heitig truly thanilful for the very lieral ( Ytro pih''' 3T tlio m 15 411-1 3J lie generally, respect fully solicits a contin innece of their favors-nnd oflers his servi ces in eithier of the fitllowing iranehes of his business-Copper Tin, Sheet Iron. and Roofing. B. F. C. Augusta, Ga., Mareh 5 tf5 A CARD. H L .FFllS & Co. neknowl e edges renewed )lligntions to their frienuds and elstonters for the very liberal palitt'irage heretofore bestowed on themt nui heg lente to ainIonlce, that they have nlow on ani, and will cottinne to receive, ij well .selected assortment of GOODS, conlsisting. 0f .' Io aid oaf Stigar, Gtreen aind White0 Collfi-e. N.O. &. Star lioOse Molasses, Wtine aid :' pirits of tlhe best selection, Canal Flor-whole and half libis. n11ke Rope an3d Baging, frol and Steel, Together with all other arti:les in the Gro , r1 Jine :-which they %%ill sell, or mend to o'der, lWarranld Good, at the lowest mar ket Prices T'hevy as(3nie to tranlsnet C'omm;s s ion Iiusiness, iteuliiiig receivinig a,11d for warding of Goods; anld tendler to their friends alssrnlicec of their best attention to order, in that line of blsiness. ilnatlurg, i arch 1834. ti1 5 The Pendleton Messenger will insert the above fimr times ann send their bill for Payment to I1I. L.. . NOTIE A LL pesn imilebte'd to thn'eetate oIf Sn~nnlf (Cahes(Ih:el laute of.\bbheville l)istraict dee' arme refliested to 33n.tdw patyme~t itntialitely, attul thouse hzavirng -dl~entis ton peresent them33 iduv at tested wt~iitin thtinnsrescribemd by~ law, to cthher JO h znseiINr~ COTIIR AN, A. ( i. U.\I)\V1F.LL. 9,is .Vo i cc. LL Per 'itsonis inide bled to the late Mrs. lie I h. ethhnlti tl Mim, dlecea'sed, nritre e intestedl to siake imminiilte pn~ 33ne tun till prsns hnvt inag demnidsatgninlst thle estate o1 said dec''iesd aire reipsetd to~1( pir'eent them duly1) asted. UI:NJ. MIMS, IExctor. Dec 9.18i37 . tr '145 .i'O TIC E. ALL Persants ind~ebtedh to thlatte Ch~rir J tian Ireithantpt, dleceasedl, are regt:.st ed to matke immediate paymen~tt. And allI personts hivuing detmanids againlst thle e'sta te' nsf said dleLcasedl are regnested ts p~reset JOlIN BAiUSKETT, EKr'or. 1-',,,. 25. 3-tf HIstorketl Collerionm of M. Car-olinn. R V i. ||. C'A ilIWI1. rIII ,J 5 ork is tiow ready for deliver)y to Stth , sc'ribers lit the Mtoire of' C A . Dmsed, in this plc.. iw extra copies fir Malte. MEEDECINE. DR.LABli10' & MDIR5 will at .tendl to ainy protssionatl calls which thvmy reecise ill Town or country. ja .14t 7 Wett Mces. From the Lcrington I,.telNierr. TO "'VENET. Ile lov'd her tiouagh ie told it not; Bit oft was hetard to praise The girl hom lie had ieer forgot, Since first he met her graze. .fid as they met where pleasure bcam'd, And shoue from beamy's eye, Ile joyous as bird wohild seei, A he suppressed each sigh. Ile knew another lov'd her well. And thought that love was Wlest; And he was too proul to tell That which his leart culissel. For they were friends, the hapless two, I, ho sig hed for this one's love ' Wme tle other's secret knew :j would not treacherons prove. Ti-1ne is :,one, the oilier anow Browi a'er his wofual site ; 1 Ie clouds of sorrow shade his brow, I Is. mourns his hoiieless fate. Il iA every thought of love is hers To her his liheart i- given... Shein his every dreaisnpr1ers, Like oie pure soul from Ileaven. To ler he wafus his mihnighit sidis IRacked with love's noddeing flame, And though nO voice to his replics, lie Clls on her lov'd name. WESTERlN BARD. PETRIFIED BU FFALO.--'lisexraorliina ry curiosity was discovered aliout two years sime, by some truppers belonging, to Capt. Bent's comiipaniy, lyinit oi the side of the heaver damas of theltio (Grande of the North. (a sirean emptying itself into the Gulf of a nlifra,) whose V..niers, it..i sg jj, ij'k gree, its shores abounding ins specimoens of various anizial aid vegetable prliduetions in a petrilied state. TIhe petrilied Buflalo is described by those who11 have seen it, tobe ;as perfect in its petrefaction as when living, with the exception of ai hole in one of the sides, about 4 inches ins diameter, aroutid n hich the hair has been worn ofl, proba bly by the friction of the water, ins which it must have lain for ages past to have pro soced such a phenomaenaon. The hiair on the hnmp.shoulders, nleck, jihrehead and(I tail, lough concreted into ahnosti a smioioth sur lace may lie easily discerned. The horns, eyes, iostrils,month and legs,are as perfect in their stone, as in their pristine state. The con'try in which this rare specimen was found is inhabited by the. Euteaux, a roving tribe of savnges, wvhio subsist a great iortiois of their lives on insects, sunakes, tonds, roots, &e. The tribe being paraicn larly hostile to the whites, renders the aic quisition of this eiriosiy not la little hazard onae; n(ot wliihstanading this, and niiny othler iillieuhlies to be suriitaied, such as dis tawi:c, ex penses, & c. Capt. Benlt cn)Iileli plates, procuring and brinagingzr it ilto the U. States during the ensning auttn. The enrions may thereltre anticipate an extraor dinary treat in the course of the winter. I'rom ith Floridla lI'atchman. 1FWCATION or Ci ali -:EN.-We piblish !if the first page of to-day's liaper a very itereItng article ol ile early treatment of cildren. As lie tabject is one of great in terest and importance ol parents, we hope they will give it an attenative pernsul.-We, hiave long been conviniced of' lie great ima imlapropriety of stubjectiing clahilie of13) a teni dler age, to thatl sever~e ialppienation to stiudy wilcha mnore a ppropriaaely bielonigs to molr~e n-lvainee~years,and whose physienl piowers amre monre adlerqnnte to suistain theo minid in its arduons toils. A child who possesses a mot! her of ordiiaory indusaitry sandl intelligence need not) eniter the door of a schlool hanase, uil ble has attamned thil age oIf eightc or ten years;~ and0 evenm Ihena, is literary tamsks shldill at first be light. Aminple timennshonkI he' aliOrded him for play, andn exercise ; oth1 erwise. tlioughi lhe maay necqpaire the sap PeI lati of "bhook-wornm,"' "literary, pirod i gy " &c. yet hec will be at last, comiparat tively, but a worma, eithe1r ini mentatl or physicaIl strenigth. We are for chiildreni lezarinmg all that they conn, without disguist inig thiemi wiith books, nnd( enfeetlinig at thue v'ery ouitse't, thle energies-of mind ati body. Let a chaild enter the schaooh-room as he wouitil a flower garden, with ghldness andii delight-lea him rove mnneh at his will, gathierinlg in his progress such flowers aIs ianny pilease his younig fancy-let tho hennt tiles of sciecei he( gradluatlly unfoaded to his view~-let strengthninig renusonia nrge its strng arIgmnen~ats ini favour of knofwledge~C-nrontse, his oabitiona; gradnaally lift fr'om life's 'stage the enirtaini, and1 let hlim see that upon1 hijs wvell directed and conttinnedell eirts, dle pendlls his successful and usefual cunreer in thais -vorldl, anda hiappiiness ini the other,-and ii' a child piossesses the proper elements, lie will rise to usefulhae-s and( hionoar, and hiis pobaul~ay to fiaul success will lie oaio of p lesu ire, Children are too generally viewed as mere utachainer. whlivh maust In mpon . ,,....'t force, entirely, and not drawn by motives 'rom our own observation, we are led 1 believe tint every child of ordiunary capaci ty who has arrived at the age of six years can compreheud all the reasons, in favor o earnest effort in the pursuits of knowledge Young as he is, his mind may, if* proppl; and patiently directed, he made to discovei the excellence of wisdom; the beauties tha are to lie seen and gathered in her patis the glory that begirts the names of her vo ttries-the unwasting fullness of her gar. ners. When a bright and useful career is held up to his young mind, and he is inade nequainted with the means upon which Ah hal success hangs, ie must indeed be un worthy of iheral culture, who will not seize upon them with eagerness. We have tit present neither lime nor space to enlarge upotn this subject EXThAORDiNARY CASE OF E LECTRICAL ExcITEMY-r.-)r. losford, of Orford, New Hampshire, r ilatcs, in the last num her of Sillimnat'sJournal, the case of a lady in that town, who became unconsciously charged with electricity, at the time of the occurrenre of an unusual atrora borealis, on the 25th of Jan. 1837. This extraordi nary state continued until the niddle of the following May, during most of which time she was ca plile of' giving electrical sparks It every conducting body within the sphere of herelectrical influence. When her finger was brought within one sixteenth ofan inch of a metallic body, a spark that was heard s:-C, and felt, pased every second. When seated motionless, with her feet (in the iron stove hearth, three or four sparks per inutie would pass to the stove, not wiiim.standing tie insulation of'shoes and silk hosiery. When most favorably circun stanced, four sparks per minute of one inch -tnd a half wouhl pass from tie end of her finger to a brass hall on the stove; these were quite brilliant, distinctly seen nd heard in any part of a large room, and sharply felt when they passed to another person. These experiments were so often repeteld that there was no doubt left of their actual occurrence. The hadv had no internal evidence of this faculty, which was only manifested to her when fle sparks left her. Her health had never been good, tho' she had seldom been confiued to her bed. She had sufllercd much from unseated neu ralgia in various parts of her systern,or somne months previous to her electrical developemetnt. 11er health is now better flingf gWeldr"n' s fli 'as'ed'hy* tie uurora alluded to, but that it was an appen dage of the animatsyste-n.-Boston Med. and Stir. Joltrnal. Anothcr lorer of the Qtueen.-A man of the nattie of Ash, an inmate in St. Giles's work-'use, was brought before Mr. Dyer, at Marlborough-street offiee yesterday, to lbe examined touching his salnity. It ap peared that lie was pertibely rational upon every stibiect but ihat of' a supposed attach ment to her Majesty. Whlien questioned, lie said that it was truc lie was deeply ena mored )f her Majesty, and he was certain that she entertuiued the same fee!ing toward him. Mr. Dyer: "Where have you had an opportunity of seeing her Majesty?" Prisoner: I have frequently seen her at Kensington Gardens." Mr. Dyer: "And what reasom have you to believe that the affection you speak of really exists?" Pris oner: "We have exchanged looks together, and I feel convinced that she really enter tains anl affection for me." Mr~ Dyer "Have you taken any measures to make ier Majesty aware of the f'eeling you have towards her ?" Prisoner : --No; but I in tenl to miake a communication to the gov ertinment on the subject " lie was directed to be taken to a lunatic asylum.-London .Al his. A FAMAL: Ilontwms Tntmr.-The flalti more Sun (if Monday gives an necont of the arrest of a horse thief onl Sunday at the Horse Market, who was, after committal to jail, discovered to be a woman. She htad stolen tihe horse at Helle-Air, llnrtfordl ('ontunty, tand ridden bhim to Ilaltimnore. Ont the dliscovery of' her sex, she stated that sh~e was a native of' Yorkshire. England and14 bad wvorn male attire for three years. dutring part of which time sheo had wgced as a laborer umpon tihe canal. rThe 11. of ltrpresentattives (of Ketutcky have rejectedl thme hill for granting banking priavieges to thme Rail Rtoad, b~y a majority of 13. 'The Charter, however, is complete wititouit the 'oncurrenmce of that State, anmd tihe Bank is expected to lie put itt operationm in October next, in South Carolina, North CJarolinma, and Tennessee. aliualle Discorer- he New Orleans Pienyunte of the 13th mtant says-"A silver nmiute of tile richest description wh~s yesterday discovered on the ground formerly covered by Diamnond~s flotel, opposite St. Mary,s market. Theo men employed itn working this tinet stucceded ini diggitng up sotmethiing like $20),000, all of thme best Mexican silver." A4 long Iail.-The tail of' Queen Victoria's dress nsienstures I16 yards, anid weighs 20) pioundls. 'rThe Ducheless of Kent has the high atnd areighmy honttor ofeaurrying thte lutter endl oIf it, assisted by three Right Ilotnorable Inidies of utohility. Otto accounit say's that Victor'ia has a very coarse, awkward fgtre at large flant foot, a beefy atmele, and thtat her face is ugly as sin.-Hudlson River Citron. T wo farms in Dutchess county, New-York, have recenmtly been sold at nuection. Tme pirices at whitch they were struck off were, (one( at .9y5 pelr acre, thle other at $5G 25 ets. per zere. Domestic News. BPEECII OF MR. CALHOUN OF S. C. t 'ruE Sun-TnrASURY BILL. 'n the Sente of the U. States Feb 15, 1838. [ COTINnU. ] itch are tihe dificiulties that stand in the way of the substitute at the very threshhold. Tose beyond are vastly greater, as I shall no) proceed to show. Its object, af I have f tqed, is to revive the league of State banks and the first question presented for consid ergtion is, how is this to be done? how is the leqgue to be formed? how stimulated into life when formed; and what after it has beqn revived, would be the true character of the league or combitatiou? To answer thes questions we must turn to its provis ions. It providts that the Secretary of the Trasury shall select twenty five specie payng banks, as the fiscal agents o the (overnment, all to be respectable and sub stantial, and that the selection shall ie con firmnied by the joint vomeof the two Houses It also provides,that they shall be made the depositories of the public money, and that their notes shall be receivable in the duesof tie Government; alnd that in turn for these advlitages, they shall stipulate to pertorm certain duties, aind comply with various conditions the object of which is, to give t to the Secretary of theTrensury full knowl- r Clgo of their condition and business, with 1 the view to supervise and control their acts, as ihr as the interest of the Governineat :s concerned. Ins addition to these. it contains < oilier and important provisions, which I u shall not enmerte, because they do not 9 fdi within the scope of the objections, that i I propose to urge against-lhe men-ure. i Now I ask wIat floes all this amuntmt to? 1 What but it proposal on the part oftheGov- o ernment to enter into a contract, or bar- t gain, with certain selected State biznks, oti mtie terms and conditions contained. Have a we a right to make such a bargain is the 8 first question ; and to that I give a decided p negative, which I hope to place on consti- f titional grounds, that camnnot lie shaken.- i I intend to discuss it, with other questions j growing out of ite connection of the Gov- ii ernment with the banks, as a new question a for the first timme presented for concideration o and decision. Sirange as it inay seem, he t questions growingout of it, as long n it has li existed, have never vet hemnurstnd atirkA <J alitf. ~How this ihas happened, I shall now ( proeced to explain. preparatory to the ex- v amination of the question,which I proposed. s Tic union of the Governtnment amid the r Ianiks was never lgally solemnized. It Ii origimated shortly after the Government it went into operation, not in -ay ,legal enmmct- it ment, but min a short order of mhe Treasury y Departmient of not much more than half it ;I dozen lines, as if it were a mere matter of a coM:rse. We thusglided imperceptibly into h a connection. which was never recognized by law til 1816, (if my imemory serves)htut r which has produced more Important after o consequences, anl has iad a greater con- s trol over tie destiny of this country, than 1 , anyone if the mighty questions, which have s so often and deeply agitated the country, s To it may be traced, as their seminal prinei- e ple. the va-st anid extraordinary expanion t] of our banking svstem, our exe'ssive import ti dluties. uncouit:tutional and profuse dii. o bursemetis, tie proective Tariff, and its o associated system for spending what it b threw into the Treasury, followed in time a by a vast surplus which time utiost extrav- so annce of tie Government could not dissi- g pate, and finally by a sort of retributive it justice, the explosion of the entire banking g system, and the present prostrated conditioi e (of the currency, now the sulject of our de- v liberation. Ilow a measure fraught with such impor- M tant consequences shouId at first, andI for so i long a time have e-scaped the attention and a the investi-ation (if the public, deserves it p passmg notmce. It is to be explain--d by the t false conception of the eitime .silieet of i hanking,wvhichi at thtat eariy period un iiver-t saliy prevailed in time co~nammity. No er romnous wits it, thmat a bank nte was thmen f identified ini the minmd of time piulie with gold r anmd silver, and a deposite iu hank was re- E garded, as uimder time nost samfe amnd sacred C cumstody, that c'oubd be deviseud. Th'ie origi- < inal impressiomn, derived fromt time banmk of Aimisterdam, whmere every ntote, or certificate I mt circulation, was ihonestly represented by I aim equal anti specific qtunmity of gold or silver im hank, and where every dleixasite was kept, as a sacredi trust, to lie safely re-- I tuirned to thme depositories, when demandedl, wvas extended to baniks of discount, downm to ( time time of the formation of oar Governi ment, with but slight modificatiotns. With this itmpressionm, it is not at all extraorina- I my, that time deposite of time revenue ini banmks for safe keeping, and thme receipt of their inmtes in time public dtues, si:ould lie consil- I cred a matter of course, requmirinig tio higmer authority than a.Treasury order. andl bienee I a cotnmection, with all time itmpiortanit quies tions belonmginmg to it and nmow considered of vast magnmituide, received so little notice, i till public attention wvas directedl to it by its' recent ruphtmre, Thtis totai separatinm from I the system. in which wve niow fimid ourselves plancedl, for the first time, atuthmorises amid mde nmmands, that weo simall investigate freely anidi fully, niot only the consequence of time conm meeiomn, but all the questitons growing out of it, more especially thmose of a constitution al character; and I shall in obedience to this demmand, retturn to time qumestiomn from whuich thmis dsgresion has carried inc so far. IHave we then time right to make time bar gai proposedl I Have we thme right then to bestowy tihe high privileges, I nighit say pirerogatives, on them of beinug mado the de positories of the public revenue, and o having their notes received and treated at gold an3d silver in the duties of the Goverb. ment and in all its fiscal transactions ? H~ave we the right to do all this in otder to bestow confidence in the banks, with (ie view to enable them to resume specie pny ments? What is the state of the case? The banks are deeply indebted to the coun try, and are unable to pay; and we are asked to give them these ad vantages, in or der 6 enable them to pay their debts. Can we grant the boon? In answering this imi portant question, I begin with the fact,that our Governient is one of limited powers.-w It (an1 exer*e'e tIe right but what is specifi eally granted; nor pass any law, but what is necessary and proper to carry such pow or into effect. This small pamphlet (hold ing it up) contains the Constitution. Its grants of power are few and plain; and I rsk gentlemen to turn to it. and point out he power, (iint anthorises uts to do what is proposed to) le done, or to show that,to pass this substitute, is necessary to carry any of lie granted powers into effect. If neither :an be shown. what is proposed, cannot lie :onstitutionially done; anl till it is specifi ally pointed out, I am warranted in believ ng thli-t is cannot shown. Our reason is ften confounded bry a nere name. An act, in the minds of jnny nay become of doubtful constitutional 'nu hority, when applied to a bank, which tone would, for a moment hesitate to pro ounce grossly uinconstitutional, when ap lied to un individual. To free ourselves ro-n these illusions, I ask, could the Gov rnment constitutionally bestow on individ . ails, or a private association, the advanta es proposed to be bestowed on the selected anks, in order to enable them to pay their ebts. Is there one who hears mie, who ild venture to say, yes, even in the case f the must extensive merchant or merca.1 ile concern. seh as some of those in New Iork. or New Orleans. at the late suspei ion, whose embarrassments involve entire Dctiotns ii distress? But. it not, on what rinciple cnn a discrimination be made in Mviur of the banks ? They are local i'tittitions. created by the State for local mrposes, composed. like private associa 0tns, of individual citizens, on whoi the cts of the States cannot confer a particle r constitutioial rights under this Consti ition, that does not belong to the hun lest citizen. So fair from it, if there he a MV~ d:'16'ii'ine'cntrol oTihis iovernment thn e individual citizens. -ho, by the Contatiution, are expressly ihijected to the direct action of this Gov Inent in many instances; while the State anks, as consi itutin, a portion of the to lestic institutions ot the States, and rest 3I on their reserved rights, are entirely be lind our control, so much so, as not to be te suilject of a hankiupt law, although the inhority to pass one as expressl granted y the Constittution. ' ...a f Oni What possible ground, then, can the ght i questioi be placed, unless indeed, n the broad principle that these local in itttions, intended for state purposes, have een so extended and so connected them -lves with the general circulation and bu ness of the country. as to aftect the inter ;t of the whole country, so as to make it ti right and duty of Congress to regulate tem, or, in short, on the broad priticiple r the general welthre? There is none ther, that I can conceive ; but this wonld e to adopt the old and exploded principle, t all tiimes d(angerotis, biht pre-eminently III this timle, w lhen such loose and dan rous conceptionsof tie Constitut iori are broad in the Had. . If the argument is nod, in one ense, it is good in all similar ises. If this Government may interfere ith any of the domestic instilutiots of tie tates. on the ground of promoting the eneral welfare, it may with others. If it may bestov privileges to control them, it sy also approprmate money for the sante urpose ; an thus a door night he opeited ani interference with the State instiintous, F which we of a -crtain section ought at t~is time to lbe tiot a little jealous. IThe argutment might lhe pushed much .irthier. We not only olli-r to confer great nd imnportant privilegcs on the banks to be elected, but, in turn ask themi to stipulate to Omly with certain crondiitions, the ohbject f which is to britng them under the super isiotn and conitrol of this Giovertnent. t might lbe asked .where is the right to urchas~e or assumte sneh supervsion or ontrol! It might lbe repeated, that they re State institntionis, iincorporatedl solel' or state purposes; and to lbe etitirely tuider tate control, and thant all supervirsion on ur part is in violation of the rights of (lie states. It tmighit lie argued that stich super ision or control is calculated to wveakon lie control of the States over their ownt in. titutions, and to render thenm less subser ient El) their peculiar anid local interests, for hte p~romtotioni of which they were estah ishmed ; atid tot) subservient to other, and, erhaps cotnflictitg initerests, which might ecl but little sympathy with those of the states. lBut I forbiare. Other. and not ess urgent objections claim niy attetntion. r'o dlilate too nmuch Otn one, woutld necessari y sacrifice the claimt of the others. I next object, that whlatever may lbe the -ight to enter itto the piroposed bargaIn, the node in which it is piroposed to make it is ylearly unconstitutional, if 1 rightly com-. irehend it. I am tnot certain that 1 do1 iut, if I understntd it righitly, the plan im, hr the Secretary of the T1reasutry to select wenty-fiveState banks, as described in the mbstitute, which are to lie submitted to the rtwo I1(ouses to be confirmed, or rejected, by their joinit resolutions, without the approv at of the President; int the same mode, as they would anpoitnt a chianlaiti. or esttb:.:. r a jdt i f the governnent of their pro I cbedings. In acting on the joint resolution, if whnt I supposed be iitended, each House would have the right, of course, to'strike frotn it the name of any bank and insert another, which would in fact vest in the two Honn-es the uncontrolable right or making the selece tion. Now, if this be the mode proposvd. as I infer from the silence of the mover, it is a glain and pala)Rblo violation ol ilh Constitution. The obvious intention is wo invade the veto power of the Execuive, which cannot be, without an infraction fi an express provision of the Constitotion, drawn up with the tmost care, and intienl ed, to prevent the possibility of evnio:. Its contained in the first ariiele, 7th seeiln and tle last clause, which I ask the Secr. - tary to read : ("Every order resolntion, or vote, te which the concurrence of the Setinte nd House of Representatives may he nece-s ary, (except on a question of ndlournment) shall he presented to the President or tha United States, and before the snme shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or be ing hisapproved by him, shall he repwsel by two thirds of the Senato and Iloione tit Representatives, aceoiding to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case ofi a bill"] Nothing'ecan he more explicit, and full. It is no more possible to evade the Exet : live veto. on any joint vote, than in the pa, sage (of a bill. The veto was veste-1 in Wim not only to protect his own pow-r,, but ,ns an additional guard to the Conu-vi: tion. I am not the advocate of Execoiti 4' lonwer, which I have often been cim::i pelled to resist of late, when extended he yond its proper limits, as I shall ever Le prepared to do iwhen it is. Nor am I the advocate of Legislative or Judicial. I stand ready to protect al, within the sphere n signed by the Constitution, aid to resist them beyond. To this explicit anud corn prehiensive provision of the Constitution, of the veto, there is but a single exceptioi, resulting, by necessary implicatiou, from n iothier portion of the instrument. not less explicit, which nuthorioes each House to establish the rules of its proceedings. Under this provision the two Iouses hanve full and uncontrollablo authority within the limits of their respective wall andul over those subject to their authority, in their of ficial character. To that extent, they niny itprwahl of the Executive; but beyond that, %vi hout it, they are powerless. There is, in this case a special renson wly his approval should not be evaded. The President is at the head of ti Ad ministration Department of the Govern ment, aid is especially responsible for its good manngement. lit order to hold him responsible, he ought to have due power in the selection of its agents. and proper con trol over their conduct. These banks would be by far the most powerful and influential of"Wste agents pf the Government, and ought not to be seldete4without the concur rence of the Excentive. If thisis'dtufth' - should he adopted, and] the provision in question he regarded such as 1 consider it, there can he no doubt what must be the fate of the measure. The Executive will be boundto protect, by the intervention of its constitutional right. the portion of powv power clearly allotted to that department by the instrument, which would timake it impossible for it to become a law, with the existing division in [he two House. I have not yet exhausted my constitution al objections. I rise to higher and to broad er, applying directly to the very essence of this substitute. I deny your right to make a general deposite of the public re venue in a bank. Afore than half of the errors of life may be traced to fallacies or iginaiing in an improper use or words; attd among not the least mischievous is the np plication of this word to bank tranaetios, in a seuse whIoly different from its origitat meaning. Originally it meant a thtng p]ae. ed in trust, or pledged to be safely and so ered'y kept,, till returnwed to thte depositor, without bemat used biy the depository, while in his possession. All this is changed when applied to a dleposite in batik. In stead of returning the idlentical thing, the bank is understoodt to be bhunnd to retnr-n only an egnal value : and instead of net lainjg the use, it is unid-rstood to have :'S right to loan it on interest, or to <Hsponr a( it as it pleases, wtithi the sinalo conditi, that an eqlual amount he returned, e he:. demanded, which experience lias tau la :4 ntot always dlone. To place, then, the li-n lic money in deposite, ii banks, withouri 'i strictiotn, is to give the free use of it, ad allowv them to make as much as tihe' er~ : out of it, between the time of depo~-1I~s.al disbutrsmient. Ihave wte such a right? The~ mnonoy belongs to theC peoiplne-oilee-*ed from themti for speilie piurposes,-in whh they have a general initerest,-and ihr thtt only: whait possible right ecab we have to give stuch use of it to certain seleted corporations? I ask for tlhe provisions~ of the Constitutions tlttit auithorizes it. I na-k if we could grant the use, for similar par. poses, to private association~s or iudiviahtl.n.' Or if not to thict, to indiv'iduail otileers ,' the Government: for inistance, to the fee c principal receivecrs under this bill, shiouihl it prisa? And if this cannot be done, that the distintioml be pointed out. If these questio'ls ho satisfnectorily an swvered, I shall propounid others stillimore dificenlt. I shall thetn ask, if the substitto shotuld become a law, anid tihe twetity-five banks lie selected, wvhether they would not in fact lie the Treasury? And if so, how can it lhe drawn from it to be lent for the purpose of trade, speculation, or any other use whatever, nainst an express pirovision of the Cuon~titention? ne. no*.1 -,,