Beaufort Republican. [volume] (Beaufort, S.C.) 1871-1873, April 17, 1873, Image 1
The Beaufort Republican.
AN INDEPENDENT FAMILY NEWSPAPER, DEVOTED TO POLITICS, LITERATURE AND GENERAL INTELLIGENCE. OUR MOTTO IS-TRUTH WITHOUT FEAR.
, VOL. III. NO. 28. BEAUFORT, S. C., THURSDAY, APRIL 17, 1873.
Lore's Reasons.
Why do I love my darling bo ?
Good faith, my heart. I hardly know,
I have such store of reasons:
Twould take me all a sommor dayNay,
saying half that I could say
Would fill the circling seasons.
Because her eyes are softly brown,
My dove, who quietly hath flown
To me as to her haven ?
Because her hair is soft and laid,
Madonna-wise in simple braid,
And jetty as the raven ?
Because her lips are sweet to touch,
Not ohill, nor fiery overmuch,
But softly warm as roses?
rtKoufnn rvVv i 1ft Knv mftrA
Lips that a man mav dare to love,
Till earthly lovo-time closes ?
Because her hand is eoft and white,
Of touch so tender and so light,
That where her slender finger
Doth fall er move, the man to whom
The guards of Eden whispered, " Come!"
Beneath its spell might linger ?
Ah, me! what know or what care I ?
** Or what hath lovo to do with " why ?"
How simple is the reason !
I love her, for she is my love,
And shall while stars shall shine above,
And season follow season.
CAPTIVITY IN SIBERIA.
Alexander I., Emperior of Russiahe
who took part in the great European
war against Napoleon?died after a short
illness at Taganrog, December 1, 1825.
His decease caused some political confusion.
Alexander had no so?, but he
had three younger brothers,Constantine,
Nicholas, and Michael, and the eldest,
Constantino, was the rightful successor.
In a deed, however, dated in 1822, Constantino
had renounced his right; so
that at Alexander's death, the succession
full to the next brother, Nicholas ;
but as he was unpopular, the opinion
was industriously circulated that Constantino's
renunciation had been obtained
by force. There was accordingly
considerable opposition to the accession
of Nicholas, and several regiments became
compromised, not only as adlier*
ents to Constantine, but as being connected
with certain secret societies who
Bought to promote a reform in state
policy. A tumult ensued, which led to
bloodshed and stern measures of repression.
It was altogether an ill-managed affair,
and was not followed by a soothing
course of policy on the part of the
victors. Many of the conspirators?for
so they were called?were taken prisoners,
and subjected to exile in Siberia.
"What that punishment infers is pretty
well known, from the pathetic tale of
Madame Cottin. The banishment to
wasvisvv* io r?A liorlif TY\Af
11119 Willi AOiailU IC^tVU AO uv M.V..
ter. Some of the exiles are doomed to
hard labor in the mines ; others are put
to less laborious but compulsory occupations
; and a third class are settled
in specified districts under surveillance
of the police, and allowed to employ
themselves as they please.
Among the unfortunate prisoners on
the occasion referred to was the young
and spirited Baron Rosen, who, on being
taken from his family, was kept in a
species of guard-room in the Winter
Palace at St. Petersburg, where he remained
fourteen days without a bed,
and almost without food. Then, after
some trivial examinations, he was transferred,
blindfold, to the fortress, and
/ immured in the darkest cell, as if he
\ had been the vilest of criminals. Sub'
ject to occasional examinations, and
| permitted at times to write a few lines
' to his wife, Rosen experienced horrid
doubts as to what was to be his fate.
Often, to beguile the dreariness of his
imprisonment, he sang songs expressive
of liis feelings ana omove ior ms country.
In a Btate too wretched to bo described,
Rosen was confined for several
months, and then, without any regular
trial, he was condemned to ten years'
forced labor and perpetual banishment
to Siberia. For a large number of his
comrades, the sentence was slightly
modified. Several were condemned to
death. All had the indignity of being
stripped of their uniforms, and having
their swords broken over their heads
by the public executioner.
Rosen's banishment did not take
place immediately. He was recommitted
to the fortress of St. Petersburg;
and being kept in a cell better lighted
than, the one he formerly occupied, and
allowed the solace of books, his sufferings
were in a degree softened. Every
ten days he was allowed to walk on the
ramparts, which he esteemed a luxury,
but the greatest of his alleviations consisted
in being permitted to read the
novels of Sir Walter Scott, which he
devoured with the greatest deligl t.
In this sort of life the prisoners remained
till taken away in detachments
of five at a time under an escort to Siberia.
On one occasion, Baron Rosen's
wife was allowed to have an interview
with him in the house of the commandant.
It was a sorrowful meeting. She
brought her infant son, six weeks old.
The parting can be imagined; the distracted
wife wished to give a thousand
roubles in bank-notes to her husband;
but the gift was refused as unnecessary,
and all he would take was a large waterproof
cloak of gray cloth, with fur, to
shelter him from rain and cold on the
dismal journey that lay before him.
After being confined more than a
year, and with health broken down by
the damp air of the cells, the time came
for departure on the long jonrney of
6,600 versts, or 4,123 English miles, to
Siberia. It was at midnight, in the
depth of winter, that five sledges were
in attendance to receive the Baron and
several of his equally miserable companions.
There was a ceremony to perform
before mounting the sledges. A
chain was fixed bv rings and a padlock
on the ankles of tlxe respective convicts,
who, by means of a cord from the girdle,
could sustain the chain, so as to allow
of restrained movement. All being prepared,
the sledges set out under a
proper escort, by the light of the moon
and stars. The air was dreadfully cold,
but was at first felt to be refreshing
dfcer the long confinement. All were
wrapped in warm furs, and with bunches
of dry lay stuffed round their feet to
prevent fiost-bite.
As the different stations were reached,
the travelers were transferred to fresh
sledges that were waiting forthem; and
thus, night and day, -with but slight intervals
of rest, the journey was a continuous
trot or gallop. It was only
after many days, when arriving at Rybinsk,
that the party was allowed to rest
for a few hours. All the beds in the
station, however, were occupied, and
tho tired travelers were fain to lie down
on the floor. Again, the cortege set
out, passing along at a great rate
through townfe and villages, in each
sledge there being a guard of one or two
gendarmes ; the whole under the direction
of a Feldjager?a coarse species of
ruffi?, who abused and cheated the
postmaster, and beat the postillions
with his 8 word, when they did not come
up to his notions of speed. By cruel
overdriving, seven horses fell dead on
the journey to Tobolsk, which was
reached on the twenty-second of February,
after being seventeen days out.
Pmm thin r>lnpA the stations were of ft
more homely kind, being mostly cottages
belonging to peasants, who showed
various acts of kindness to the exiles.
Arriving at Krasnoyarsk, where the
sledges were mounted with wheels, the
captain of police was so considerate as
to allow a benevolent old merchant to
receive the party into bis house, and
treat them to a bath, with other comforts,
of which they stood in need. The
Feldjager having now left them, they
traveled more slowly, and with a greater
degree of ease. Yet, dangers had to be
encountered. The cortege had to cross
rivers on the ice, each sledge carrying
planks to lay across the fissures, over
which the hardy Siberian horses were
skilled in leaping with singular agility.
On one occasion the Baron's conveyance
was upset in passing down a mountain
steep, and being unable to extricate
himself in consequence of his chains,
his life was put in extreme jeopardy.
The tedious and distressing journey
came to a termination at Tscliita, a place
situated on the upper waters of the
Amoor, which then in its lower course
was a Chinese river, but is now included
in the Russian empire. Here, at the
prison, all the party were deprived of
such trinkets and other objects of value
as they had about them. From Baron
Rosen's neck were taken a small portrait
of his wife, a locket containing the
hair of his parents, and a small packet
of much cherished earth from the home
of his birth. The officer who committed
this miserable robbery, demanded a
gold ring which he saw on the Baron's
finger. The answer was : " It is my
wedding-ring, and you can only have it
by taking the finger also." The ring
was spared; and soon afterwards, by
order of a superior official, the portrait
was restored.
The prison was a wooden hut surrounded
by a courtyard, in which the
exiles were permitted to air themselves
daily, and walk about as they best could
in their fetters. In this species of seclusion,
and on no pretence allowed to
write letters to their friends, they remained
till the end of May, when the
ground having thawed and the weather
improved, the exiles were put to regular
outdoor labor, in digging the foundations
for a new prison. Thirty, the full
number in the place, were at first so
occupied. Other parties who had been
lodged in various quarters afterwards
arrived, and the whole, when the prison
was complete, were lodged together tinder
a strong guard. The rooms were
small, the beds consisted of boards with
rugs and furs ; the air at night was oppressive,
and the only amusement indulged
iu was {singing and playing at
chess. From cards, the universal resource
in Russia, there was a discreet
abstinence, in order to avoid the contentions
that might possibly ensue. It
does not appear that in the ordinary
routine of prison life there was any exercise
of positive cruelty by the warders
and other officials. Life was only cheerless
and well-nigh hopeless.
Cases of official indulgence were at
times heard of. Government orders had
been issued to prevent wives following
their husbands, but there were instances
of ladies of rank overlooking all obsta
cles, ami traveling thousands of miles
to try to reach their husbands and live
with them in the midst of the most revolting
circumstances. In the work in
which the Baron narrates the story of
his captivity?recently translated and
published?we are told of the Princess
Catherine Trubetzkey, who followed her
husband to Siberia, and asked permission
to join him in the common criminal
barrack, without servants or the comforts
to which she had been accustomed.
The request was with some hesitation
granted, and only on condition that she
renounced by a written declaration her
rights of nobility. She renounced everything,
and solely with a view of alleviating
her husband's hard fate, followed
him when he was carried from station
to station, bound with cords, as if he
had been a malefactor. Some other instances
of the extraordinary devotedness
of wives, which we have not space to
notice, are related in this interesting
work.
The method of living among the imprisoned
exiles was in time ameliorated
by the receipt cf money from their
friends ; the richer helping the poorer
by contributions to improve the general
mess. All took a part in daily duties.
Some?on one occasion a prince?performed
the duty of cook, and some
acted as tailors and shoemakers. In the
evenings, some tried to give cntertain
x- i? i?
meiiu* uy ivi'liuiuij UII nucuuuk. ....X.
other subjects, or by teaching languages
to their comrades. A few being good
musicians, a kind of concert was attempted,
the part taken by the Baron
at these musical treats being that of
player on the flageolet. At length,
newspapers in various languages were
permitted to be introduced ; and, finally,
as an immense act of grace, the emperor
authorized the chains to be removed
from the legs of the prisoners. This
relief, of course, suggested thoughts of
trying to escaoe?but whither? The
military guards might be overpowered ;
if so, the route was open to China ; but
on presenting themselves at the frontier
the refugees would most likely be seized
and given up, when their fute would be
materially aggravated. It was accordingly
resolved to submit and trust to
the chance of a pardon and ultimate
restoration to home and friends.
So life went on for nearly four years
when the detenus were ordered off" to
Petirowski, a distance of forty-eight
days' journey. They marched in two
divisions along the road, over hill and
dale, lodging at night in the felt tents
of the nomad Bnrjats, whose habits ex- .
cited considerable cariosity. In the w
course of the journey, the Baron was a
overtaken by his wife, who had made
interest to share his captivity, but only
by undergoing the pang of leaving her
child behind with some relativas. It
was a joyful meeting, and they marched
on together. Three or four other ladies
?princesses and countesses?were with gft
their husbands, sharing their fatigues ^
and privations. In the prison at Pe- .
trowsJd, the married pairs were allowed
separate cell6, which, besides being
cold, were so dark that candles had to
be burnt even at noon. At this place ^
of detention, the convicts labored at
road-making, digging in garuenu, mru- ^
ing hand-mills, and working at carpen- j
try. For amusement, there was a re- .
sumption of the concerts, and reading .
of books and newspapers. A few of the
more mechanically inclined exiles gave an
useful assistance at adjoining iron
works.
P?
The Baron lived at Petrowski until 8e
1832, hi3 wife in the interval increasing jj,
tho family by several children. His fa;
period of prison life with forced labor jj,
had been ten years ; but for some reason
not explained, his term was limited to ^
six years. Then came his removal to Bt,
Kurga^ in the government of Tobolsk, B0
requiring a painful journey of above m
2,000 miles, but with the advantage of ??,
being so far in a homeward direction. B0
Kurgan, a town of 2,000 inhabitants, wj
which lias long been a depot for exiles Bh
of note, was reached on the 18th Sep- retember,
1832 ; and the family, under the
cognisance of the police, found a place an
of residence, for which, until the next
fair, some articles of furniture were lent gj
by neighbors, who kindly added a present
of bread and salt. Life at Kurgan ha
proved an entirely different thing from mi
what had hitherto been endured. There ve
was no forced labor. The political con- m,
victs lived as they pleased amidst a j j
wonderfully agreeable society; the free Qf
higher-class Russians in the place, as jj,
well sb police officials, interchanging mi
visits and hospitalities with the exiles.
The Baron informs us that the hospital- ^
ity is almost too oppressive. There is
a common practice of inviting guests to
come to all the meals during the day* jia
those who came to breakfast going away je]
and returning to dinner, and then to e(j
supper. At the evening meal, there is ^
extraordinary festivity. ' g0
As regards occupation, tho exiles are ^
provided with lots of arable land near ne
the town, which they cultivate with the jD(
assistance of hired labor. The only fe(
difficulty is getting men or women to he
work for mere money. Even the poor- ^y
est Siberians require to be coaxed to
labor by frequent feasts of pies, soup, i
and other dainties ; to which festivities ?r
a zest is given by a concert of fiddles and ; tjj
flutes, and dancing for hours afterwards. (jr
By help of such attractions the Baron qq
was able to cultivate his form and breed an
i -l- fnt- fliprn wm n mi
ntjruo ui tu?iiU| *ui *m.vu vmw .. ? ?
good market. These rural occupations
contributed materially to improve his
health, which had been enfeebled by pro- be
vious captivity. ce
Thus matters went on in an even ten- ca
or until a day or twd before Christmas, in
183G, when, in crossing the frozen court- a |
yard of his house, his foot slipped, and, ot
in falling, one of his legs wps dislocated
at the hip-joint. Lifted and carried in El
by his servants, the anguish he endured Bi
was frightful, and, to his dismay, there er
was no surgeon in the town who knew
what to do. This heavy calamity pro- ur
ditced a lameness, with constant pain ;
and the poor Baron, consumed with co
anxiety about his wife and children,
could walk but feebly on crutches. ut
In the gloomy condition which followed
this untoward accident, there came a cr
gleam of hope. The Grand-duke Alex- -w<
ander, son of Nicholas, and who is now
emperor, visited Kurgan in June, 1837, to
in the course of a journey to Siberia, bi
He was known to be a man of a less des- er
potic and exacting character than his df
father, and was inclined to be kind and Bi
conciliatory in all his dealings. The w<
Baron, like some other unhappy exiles, to
trusted that by proper representations
he might induce the prince to procure a
Mmiciiinn nf Ill's spntenee. He accord
inglv made efforts to gain an audience
of the prince during his short stay. w]
His attempts were unavailing, but the cj:
unfortunate invalid had the happiness fr,
of becoming acquainted with Shukow- t0
sky, the eminent Russian poet, who act- flj
ed as tutor and companion to the prince. yc
Partly through his influence, the Baron jjj
and some other political exiles were re- jj,
stored to a qualified degreo of liberty. j,j
Nicholas permitted them to quit Siberia 1 ta
and enter the ranks as soldiers in the
army serving in the Caucasus." er
So far as Rosen was concerned, the 0f
act of liberation was little else than a
mockery. How could a poor wretch cj
who crept about on crutches act as a sol- Wi
dier? He did not, however, lose the aj
chance of gaining his freedom, and WJ
forthwith set out by slow stages with t},
his famiij^he reclining on peculiarly tjj
shaped pi., .wb?to accomplish a fresh
journey of more than two thousand g(
miles to the vicinity of the Black Sea. jn
Passing through Tims, where things began
to assume an Oriental aspect, the
wretched exiles at length arrived at
l their destination, Biely Klutsh. Here
, the Baron was incorporated in a Mingrelian
.Jagor regiment, but meanwhile
classed as nn invalid, and left to gain
strength, if possible, at the invigorating w
sulphur batns of Pjatigorsk. m
The baths had a beneficial effect, jj,
without, however, curing the lameness, w
and a benevolent doctor urged the pro- n(
priety of applying for a discharge from w
, military engagements. By friendly assistance,
the discharge was procured. aj
The order for release came in January, ^
1839, and Baron Rosen was alio we a to w
return home and live the life of a priv- p,
ate person, under police surveillance, g(
, after an exile which had extended over tr
thirteen years. ai
Such is a rapid summary of a narra- hi
tive which affords an instructive insight st
into the system of judicial exile in Rus- tl
sia. Possibly, since 1839, under the
mild and intelligent sway of the present
emperor, the system has undergone
some desirable modifications; at the K
best, however, it cannot fail to be fraught ct
with horror, of which we in this country lj
can entertain but an imperfect conoep- b
tion. p:
/
Life in Utah.
Some interesting facts about the inir
workings of the peculiar institution
Utah came out in a recent lecture by
rs. Stenhouse, who found herself
iplicated and triplicated through the
bgiouB zeal of her husband. The
jturer was proud to say that the Mor3n
women did not willingly accept
ilygamy. They were betrayed into
>eying a revelation which was said to
me from Qod, which made it necesry
for their salvation and exaltation
heaven that they should give to their
[sbands other wives even though that
t of obedience afcbuld crucify themIves;
and they were betrayed by that
negation which women have always
own in a religious cause. The more
uring doctrine of a kinship of spirit,
e assertion that all women must have
isbands in order to be saved, and that
le marriage was not for time only,
it for all eternity were taught.
The first symptom of coming polygly
that is perceivable by the first wife
generally a little quiet sighing on the
rt of the husband. He becomes very
rious. His mind evidently occupied,
a exhibits a more than usual zeal for
ith. He goes yeguiariy 10 cnurcn.
9 becomes coccerned about his future
ngdom. " Coming events cast their
adows before." If in good circummces,
he is certain to bring home
me present, and he tells his " sweet
tie wife" how much he loves her, that
she fills his heart," and that he " is
happy in her affection." When a
fe in Utah hears this kind of language
e may be certain that there is another
relation awaiting her. The affection3
husband becomes very reflective
& observing. His Brother Jones has
ree wives, Brother Smith two, and
other Robinson, who has not been
If so many years in the church as he
s, has even four wives, while he, poor
in,*has only one. He then begins
ry gently with, "This will never do,
y'dear, wo are not living our religion,
im sometimes afraid that the anger
the Lord will be kindled against us."
3 makes his wife feel that it is as
ach her duty as his. He asks his
fe which of all the young girls of her
quaintauce would make a good -wife
a pleasant companion for her?one
10 would respect her. He mentions
If a dozen, one of whom he has dermined
upon, and that one is seclect.
The wif e, of course, is not deceived;
0 feels that opposition is useless,
on the husband has meetings to atad,
business engagements after busiss
hours. He is seen walking or ridg
with a young girl, and then she
sis that she has been deceived, and
r idol is broken. If a man has twenwives
he makis the last one believe
e is his first and only love.
There is a clash of women in Utah
ofesscdiy devoted to polygamy, as
ey are to faith in Christ, who act as
ill-sergeants to the other women.
iese lead Morman polygamic society
d get up memorials to Congress, etc.
ley form what is called the Female
;lief Society, and to women who object
marriage they say, . "Would it not
1 better for you to be one of the offirs
of a fine ship of war than to be the
ptain of asmall fishing smack?" meang
it is better to be one of the wives of
?? A ? nnlv tcifA nf ort
^reat muu muu mu w?
tscure man.
A broken-hearted wife went to Miss
iiza R. Snow?one of the wives of
righam Young?and told her the misy
of her life.
" I cannot endure it," exclaimed the
ihappy woman.
"But you must endure it," said her
mforter.
" It will kill me, I know it will!" she
tered, in despair.
" Then you will wear a martyr's
own, sister," replied this soulless
3man.
In Utah it is no uncommon thing
find a wife's own sister or sisters
ought home as wives, and some moths
have been obliged to give their own
mghters to be wives to their husbands,
righam Young once admitted to Hepjrth
Dixon that he saw no objection
brothers and sisters marrying.
Boiling Hot Water for a Joker.
There is a lawyer in San Francisco
lio, for the accommodation of his
ients, has a speaking tube leading
3m the main entrance of his building
his office, which is just up a few
ghts. For several days past a smart
mng man named Swartz has amused
mself by calling for the lawyer through
- ?'?? ""'1 linn nrnfnnnlv orderinD'
O pipe, U.UU f J 0
m to set out ou an expedition to Tnrrus.
For some time this fan was
ken in good part by the legal cxpoundof
the new code until the fine humor
the joke no longer became apparent.
Accordingly, one afternoon, the disple
of Blackstone provided himself
ith a teakettle of water, heated to
>out 210 degrees, Fahrenheit, and
lited alongside the pipe. Pretty soon
;e old, familiar sound came up through
ie pipe, "Say, cap., how's tricks?"
"Tricks is better now?I guess he'll
;t well," responded the lawyer, reachg
out after the teakettle.
"What's been the matter -frith him ?"
"He got burnt."
"How ?"
"I'll tell you in a minute."
"Oh, you go to Hades."
The lawyer had finished his last sennce
and then let a quart of scalding
ater down tho pipe. Swartz had his
outh over it, concluding his objurgaon,
and when the water struck it he
as somewhat surprised. Water was
it apt to surprise him, but hot water
as an unexpected novelty.
The man above poured in water for
)out a minute and then looked out of
ie' window. The smart young man
AX- fl*o eiM qtttoI Ir of n
US getting UlUUg IUV Diuvniun w. ?
retty lively gait, having evidently just
)t up from a sitting posture. He was
ying to yell "Police," but couldn't
ticulate with much success. About
ilf an hour afterward he found himdf
able to speak, and inquired, "Did
lat boiler explosion hurt anybody ?"
At a cavalry drill near Fort Scott,
an., the horae of Private McQee beime
unmanageable, and dashed furiousr
against the steed of Sergeant Maher,
Dth riders receiving injuries which
roved mortal within a few hours.
Geik Jim Lane, of Kansas.
A Kansas letter speaking of the late
Gen. Jim Lane, one of the early border
men of that State, says: Lane sleeps
nnder the shadow of the State University
of Kansas, amid the memories that
he made famous and that made him
great. He was a great man. It made
no odds how well you knew the intrinsic
debauchery of his life or the cursedness
M his character, you could not stand in
his rugged presence without a feeling of
awe and a respect born of admiration
for the very qualities in him which in
other men are despised and loathed.
Edwin Forrest was not his superior in
dramatic intensityand impetuosity. He
commanded men as a lion or tiger might
awe lesser beasts. ^He could walk into a
crowd that welcomed him with the clicking
of a hundied revolver locks, and in
five minutes every man in that crowd
would have spilled the blood right out
of his own heart in fighting for Jim
Lane. He could stand mute before a
hissing and groaning mob, and in two
minutes you could have heard the
breath of love in the air rustle the
scented tresses of a maiden in the hush
?TTn /?nnlfl fitjind
WlilUli WUU1U %jxj wuvivi mv ww? ? ?
before an audience, speaking to them
with those great, cavernous eyes of his,
while his lips were shut and still, raise
his hand, and every one would rise with
his gesture; lower his hand, and every
one would sit down obedient to the wonderful
electricity of his will. He was
one of those men whose utter failure to
comprehend that there is such a thing as
danger made his courage of no particular
credit to him. His impulses ruled
him utterly, and he could never see anything
between himself and the object
he sought. If there was an obstacle, he
always looked right over the top of it,
and walked over or through it with the
same unheeding unconcern. The possibility
thai .,~are was or might bo anything
which he could not overcome, was
a suspicion that his mind had no room
to entertain. And when he pulled the
trigger of his own Derringer, with its
cold muzzle against his lips, I doubt if
he realized that there was any danger in
the act. The narrowest escape Oen.
Jim had was when Lawrence, his home,
was sacked during the war. Jim was
one of the men watched particularly,
but in his night clothes he escaped from
the back door, jnst as the attacking
party were thundering at the front.
Oen. Jim escaped to his corn field near
the house, the pursuers close upou his
heels. The darkness of the night and
short time allowed the pursuers, favored
him, and Oen. Jim Lane escaped to still
further figure in the history of his State.
It is true that just after the first Bull
Run fight, a Wisconsin Governor proposed
to make Lane Colonel of a regiment
of his troops. Gen. Sherman
heard of it, and taking the Governor to
a knoll in front of his head-quarters, he
pointed to the lunatic asylum on the
Washington side, simply saying,' 'Governor,
if you want a crazy Colonel for vour
regiment, go there and get one?don't
take Jim Lane." Lane did not get that
regiment.
Increase of Domestic Manufactures,
Probably no increaso in the development
of national wealth has been shown
in the history of the world equal to that
presented by the United States during
the last decade. During that period,
the values of the annual products of
the country have risen from 81,885,861,776,
in 1860, to $4,232,325,142, in 1870,
or an increase of 133 per cent.?nearly
double that of the former decade. If
we analyze this increaso of wealth, we
find that the proportion of growth in
the great manufacturing States of New
-
York, Massachusetts. Ulno, anu Connecticut,
is nearly the same, or about
103 per cent. In New York the increase
is more than double that of the former
decade, being 103 per cent., against 46
per cent, in that period, the growth of
manufacturihg wealth being moro than
seven times that of the white population,
which wae 13.01 per cent. Massachusetts,
again, shows an increase of
wealth of 103 percent., against 75 per
cent, in the former decade, or nearly
six times that of the population, which
was 18.15 per cent. Ohio makes much
less gain over the former decade, being
103 against 95 per cent., or about eight
times that of the population. In Connecticut
the increase is 100 against 75
per cent., or about six times that of the
population. Pennsylvania, New Jersey,
Rhode Island, and Maine offer a
greater increase of manufacturing
wealth than the former States. The inorease
in Pennsylyania is 140 against 90
per cent., or about seven times that of
the growth of population; in New Jersey
120 against 95 percent., or not quite
four times its growth of population ; in
Rhode Island 190 against 90 per cent.,
or not quite eight times its increase
of population; in Maine 110 against 60
per cent.
In a Chimnoy.
Mr. Turner, of England, will not
amuse his children next Christmas with
stories of Santa Claus ; because he is
disgusted, with that fabulous person.
Last Christmas ho determined to surprise
the little ones by descending the
chimney and playing Sunta Claus for
their benefit. So he dressed himself in
a fur overcoat, loaded up with toys,
went out 011 the roof and jumped into
the flue. When he was about half-way
down he stuck, and could go neither one
way nor the other. Then he began to
yell for help. Mrs. Turner's brother,
who lived in the house, thought it was
a burglar, and he fired both the barrels
of his guu up the chimney at him. And
then Turner felt more dissatisfied than
at first. The neighbors thought from
the excitement that the chimney must
be on fire, and in ten minutes the fire
woi rmf nnd flirfppn half.
inch streams were pouring down the
flue on Turner. Then he wanted to get
out worse than ever. At last, when the
truth was known, they tried to lilt him
out with a rope, but without avail; and
eventually they were compelled to unbuild
half of the upper part of the
house to release him. It cost him one
hundred pounds for repairs and wear
and tear of body and mind. And now
he don't care whether Christmas ever
comes or not.
New Jersey has 180 iron mines.
A Yeteran Hangman.
For many years Calcraft -was the exe- The
cutioner in London, and he sent many Green
men into eternity. He was known as nei
the London hangman, and received $5 again f
per week as a salary and $50 for every ?n 0C
execution. Besides this, the clothing q
of his victim was the hangman's per- -gigUj
Siisites. Isaacs was the hangman of ,
e New York Tombs for manv years,
and his victims number, we believe, The
twelve. Isaacs was an old man-of-war's
man, a thorough sailor, and in all of his keeps:
executions he never bungled. He went In
at his work methodically, and when an their
execution was to take place, experi- the hi
mented with weights until everything Qer
was perfect. After an execution he nent
might be seen with the rope on his the aj
shoulders, showing spectators how the ?? e
fatal knot was tied and how the result - . ^
came. None of his victims failed to
break their necks in the fall, and the *
knot never slipped. The sheriff usually
paid Isaacs $150 for each execution, and
other presents were made him. The initec
newspapers of New York city abused Anc
the sailor so much about his occupation This t
that he one day took an oath he would who o
never hang another man, and he could It if
not be induced to. It is stated that aU wj,
on the occasion of an execution, a slier- does r
iff who feared bungling work offered ^ j
Isaacs a one thousand dollar bill if he
would act as executioner, but the sailor throw
refused, and no money could induce him j
4rr\ ftiA nAV llAnff- * '
eyeu iu i^ivo uu outivs ? w. 0
man. Since Isaacs' day most of the ex- *w<
editions have been attended with un- *
pleasant if not really distressing cir- ?' a ?
cumstances, outside of those that flwaT*
naturally belong to such affairs. The
has d(
ality
Police Lodgers. State.
Every night of the year an average of 0n<
two hundred and 6ixty men and women, Utica
outcasts of society, destitute strangers disapj
and incorrigible vagrants find shelter cleam
and rest in the various police station- a n
houses of New York city. Seventy-five the ai
per cent, of these lodgers are undeserv- Rre th
ing of aid, but it is preferable to have adher
them under police surveillance at night y
than to allow them to roam about the ^ce?s
streets and take advantage of the care- conrft
lessness of servants to commit petty ..
depredations. Ten per cent, of the .
worst class, as investigations show, are
either professional mendicants or are A y
boarded by relatives, and in the course fbe rc
of the year acquire a knowledge of every ^ y01
station-house in the city. The rule in ter ]
station-houses has been, where the ap- b*gg<
plicant for lodgings is known to be tate.
undeserving and has for several nights "B
in succession been accommodated, to whicl
prefer a charge of vagrancy against him audit
or her and let a magistrate act. Vicis- the t
situdes of trade and labor have much to been
do in the winter months in filling the contr
station-houses with lodgers. Of the 25 men
per cent, of honest lodgers the bulk dentl
consists of strangers to the city looking ^ c
for employment and of emigrants wait- searc;
ing for funds from or intelligence of confij
friends. There appears to be but little firBt
inclination on the part of the ward de- ciflc'^
tectives to become acquainted with and tjje w
classify the numerous petty thieves 8catt<
who, wheu out of luck, claim the sta- miies
tion-houses as their homes. j8 8U
sign-1
Fan At Home. stean
by th
tv ? ?i I.~ - *? 'A nt n Kt+ln fnn ntlinmfi.
AJUll l> uo tuiuiu Ul |**A>WV .w , iol4I1
good people. Don't shut up your houses
lest the sun should fade your carpets,
and your hearts lest a happy laugh
should shake down some of the musty Th<
cobwebs there. If you want to ruin prom
your sons, let them think that all mirth teres!
and social enjoyment must be left on fulis
the threshold when they come home at as we
night. When once a home is regarded thent
as only a place to eat, drink and sleep that
in, the work is begun that ends in short
gambling-houses and degradation. relati
Young people must have fun and re- every
taxation somewhere. If they do not soon
find it at their own hearthstones, it will part <
be sought in other, and perhaps less Span
profitable places. Therefore let the fire undo
burn brightly at night, and make the the It
home ever delightful with all those lit- be re
tie arts that parents so perfectly under- 1. 1
stand. Don t repress the buoyant spirits on fo
of your children ; half an hour of mer- UniU
riment round the lamp and firelight of ties,
home blots out the remembrance of of Ci
many a care and annoyanco during the sum
day, and the best safeguard they can debt
take with them into the world is the State
unseen influence of a bright little do- 2.
mestic sanctum. rend<
come
Ifon of Action. jUg
Some men seem to be sent into tho have
I world for purposes of action only. Their now
faculties are all Btrung up to toil and UF?|
enterprise; their spirit and their frame ].Y be
are alike redolent of energy. They ities.
pause and slumber like other men, but 3.
it is only to recruit from actual fatigue; whic,
they occasionally want quiet, but only late i
as a refreshment to prepare them for re- patec
newed exertion, not as a normal condi- ?bje<
tion to be wished for or enjoyed for e8* ^
itself. They need rest, not repose, *bey
They investigate and rellect, but only land
to estimate the best means of attaining givin
their ends, or to measure the value of bans
their undertaking against its cost; they Tb
think, they never meditate. Their mis- have
sion, their enjoyment, the object and Span
condition of their existence, is work; m.en
they could not exist here without it; dian
they cannot conceive another life as de- men,
sirnble without it. Their amount of trooi
vitality is beyond that of ordinary men; deatl
they are never to be seen doing nothing;
when doing nothing else they are always Tn?
sleeping. Happy souls! Happy men, *"nc<
at least I is es
prop
A Brutal Had. i
The confession of Jahn M. Osborne, | longi
who was hung at Galesburg, HI., for have
the murder of Mrs. Matliews, is some-1 sessi
what remarkable. It appears that it prep
was thought desirable by certain par- gove
ties to put Mrs. Mnthewsout of the way, In tl
as she was a witness in important cases. | fully
A perfect stranger approached Osborne ! whili
and offered him first a smaller sum and ' latin
then $5,000 to do the deed. He higgled j the <
and hesitated, and finally consented, and erns
did the deed under circumstances of ures
shocking and unmentionable brutality. He I
He had not the least grudge against the deli(
poor woman ; he did the bloody work skeh
solely for the pay. It is believed that look
he had before served a term in the Iowa rega
Penitentiary. N. 1
Facte and Fancies.
re are 151,876 bodies resting in
wood Cemetery.
en Josephine Mansfield's claim
>t Bowles Brothers amounts to
10.
r 25,000 persons took part in the
ation of St. Patrick s Day in
fork.0
i New York Editorial Association
their next convention at Poughj
ie, N. Y.
the West newspaper editors sell
bad debts at auction for cash to
ghest bidder.
leral Jesse C. Horton, long promiin
Pennsylvania politics, aied at
;e of seventy-six.
i Menagerie wild animals are
eginninp to escape in time for the
I advertisements.
for Havemeyer of New York, lately
* Oamiono vhrtM
da a couple ui
1 ages exceeded 115 yjars.
ther Indian war is threatened.
,ime it is the Yakimas, of Oregon,
bject to go on a reservation. . .
i proposed in Alabama to exempt
lows from taxation whose property
lot exceed $10,000 in valne.
icranton, Pa., coal miner, named
jt Mayfortt, committed suicide by
ing himself down a shaft 400 feet
) boys and a man were run over
illed in Louisville by the horses
ircus wagon, which were running
) Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
ecided in favor of the constitutionof
the Local Option law of the
) effect of the local election in
was to set about two hundred
pointed office-seekers at work
ng sidewalks.
ew paper in Texas starts out with
inouncemept that " in religion we
ie conservative, and we intend to
e to the cosh system."
h Billings gives the following adto
young men : " Don't be disged
if your mustach don't grow ;
letimes happens where a mustach
be best nothing else duz so well.
oung lady in New York city took
>mantic notion into her head that
lid be a good thing to take Fosplace
on the gallows, and actually
>d that she might act as his substiieckless"
is the mild term by
i they characterize the Minneapolis
or. He paid $500 more for getting
ax-list printed'than it could have
done for, and the man who got the
act {laid the auditor $300. These
are in training for Congress, evi7
omplete account of the cruise in
u ni flio atpumpr Georce S. Wright
ms the fears entertained from the
that she has been lost in the Pasrith
all on board. Portions of
reck of a steamer have been seen
)red along the coast hundreds of
north of Cape Caution, where it
pposed the vessel was lost, and a
board with the name of the missing
ler painted thereon was picked up
e captain of the steamer Qussie
ir.
Startling Jtews from Cuba.
e Cuban war for independence
ises soon to be settled in the ints
of the people of the Ever-Faithle.
Our advices from Washington,
ill as information received from auic
sources, warrant us in stating
some startling revelations will
ly be made in connection with the
ons of Cuba to Spain. There is
' reason for believing that wo shall hear
of determined efforts on the
of -the Cubans for driving out the
ish officials ; and the prospects are
ubtedly in favor of the success of
prmer. The following poiutB may
lied upon:
That active negotiations are now
ot between the Government of the
;d States and the Spanish authorihaving
in view the independence
iba, upon the payment of a certain
of money by the Cubans?this
to be guaranteed by the United
s.
But in the meantime, in order to
;r the Spaniards more willfng to
to terms, the Cubans will make a
?rate effort to rid themselves of th?
'i^rninotinn under which they
D1TO ? .
bo long suffered. The season is
opening most favorably for field
itions, hence lively news may shortexpected
from the scene of hostil-'
The sailing of several expeditions,
h have been quietly organizing of
in the United States, maybe antici1.
These expeditions have for their
jtive points such ports as are near)
the insurgent headquarters. There
will rendezvous, there they \yill
their stores and munitions?thus
ig great aid and comfort to the Cue
domestic difficulties of Spain
if imnossible for the
ICUUCi^u ?*
iish Government to send forward
and ships of war to the West Inwaters.
Besides, if she could send
it is certain death to consign raw
)s to Cuba. As is well known, the
ti rate among the unacclimatized
iish soldiers is fearfully heavy,
number who have died in Cuba
t the commencement of hostilities
timated at 60,000, and a still larger
ortion have been disabled. Yetunsupplies
of soldiers are kept up the
tiaras cannot hold the island a year
er. These points, it is understood,
been fully discussed in the secret
ons of the Senate, and that body is
ared to support the views of the
rnment upon this momentous topic.
? meantime. General Sickles nas
comprehended the situation; and
e he was very prompt in congratu*
g the authorities at Madrid upon
mange to a republican form of govlent,
he lost no time in taking mess*
for securing Cuba to the Cubans,
iss been zealously forwarding such
sate negotiations as are briefly
shed above. So the public may
for startling news, at any time, iu
rd to the Queen of the Antilles.?
r. Paper.
\ .