The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, January 25, 1899, Image 8
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HBeHBSTUDYING 5AHPLE SOILS. ?
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BHGHrhe Department of Agriculture in
H^^flBishington has been wise in retainduring
several successive adminflfljHHrations
its able Chief of the Division
Chemistry. The result has been,
^^^HUclares the Scientific American, from
B^^Kvhich this article is taken, that dur^HHing
the years cf his tenure of office,
I^^^Dr. Harvey W.Wiley has been able to
plan and complete several valuable
aeries of experiments. None of these,
perhaps, has occupied his closer inRV.
terest and atteiltion more than those
MB "which have had for their object the
study of the growth of various plants
EV under similar conditions but with vary- j
;f ll-gpi
I.
i / fLs y Y$1 ^
DR. H. W. WILEY WEIGH
ing soils. In fdct, the investigation
may be designated as a study of typical
soils, and is perhaps the first attempt
ever made in this country to study any
number of soils under like conditions.
In a way the work is an extension
of that most excellent series of studies
that have been carried on at the celebrated
Experiment Station in Rothamsted,
England, under the direction of
8ir John Henry Gilbert and Sir John
fsiL
T
3
TEGETATION POT CONTAINING GROWING
OATS.
Bennett Lawes, who for more than
half a century have had charge of the
scientific work in that place.
* Typical soils from between thirty
and forty places scattered throughout
the United States were procured
through the agencies of the Department
of Agriculture, and a direct comparison
was instituted with samples of
. ' I ^ ?
THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
- TIOS\ HOUSE AND CARS OP THE
STUD In. OF SOILS.
V
soils o! kno\v<8 constituents obtained
from Rothams^d.
- - A plot of ground in tlie rear of the
, ; ' main bnilding of the Agricultural Department
at Washington was set aside
W-:- i
.v : .
?
for these experiments, which were be- pr
gun in 1892, and a small green-house un
erected in which the plants are kept m<
during the night and in rainy weather, th
but at other times they are rolled out wi
into the air. This is easily accom- of
plished, as the pots are all on trucks ge
tttViimow mnrorl of. will nlnn<r f.ViA foi
tracks, as shown in the illustrations. co
For a portion of the season oats and tie
beans were grown in duplicate samples Tt
of typical soils. After the crops from on
these plants had been harvested, the gr
soil in the pots was again prepared for in
planting, and a crop of buckwheat tic
grown. By this means two crops are co
secured during each season, so that mi
the value of the experiment is largely ga
increased, in consequence of duplicating
the data obtained. tic
Very careful attention is naturally di
given to the water supplied to the D
pots, and formerly at proper intervals cu
a known amount of distilled water wa3 fa
added to the soil by means of glass tb
measuring vessels, but as the work of
has progressed, these have been dis- w]
carded and a number of tin vessels, it
each holding two pounds of distilled ac
water, have been substituted. As the fa
ci
-i n | i -i-? is
' ' ^ ' ' ' 0/
two vv.ar.tattok pots. wL
tin
amount of water added to every pot tra
must be known (so that the conditions
may be identical), this improved meth- 13
od makes it possible to add one portion
of water to each of the pots in, k*s
the course of two hours. This is ac- Pai
complished by inserting the tin fun- tat
nels containing water in the funnel D0
holder on the side of the pot, as shown the
in the illustration. * SP<
Next perhaps in importance to the
addition of water to the soil is the de- .
termination of the amount of moisture ?
contained in the pot at any given fi..
period. For a long time this factor Vr
was determined chiefly by an inspec- ^
tion of the surface, with an occasional l,j
weighing of the pot. This method, |i
while capable of yielding excellent re- l|
suits when under the immediate suDervision
of an expert, was freauently
interrupted, owing to the absence of
Dr. Wiley, -who was liable to be called
elsewhere by other duties. Accordingly,
it was deemed advantageous to
have a more rigid control of the quantity
of moisture present. Consequently,
weekly weighings of the pots
are now made, so that the quantity of
moisture which has been evaporated
during the seven days may be directly .
determined. Knowing the quantity nol
necessary to produce complete satura- wo
tion of the soil, a simple calculation sio
will show the quantity to be added in pie
order that the amount of moisture in doi
the soil shall be between sixty and mi;
seventy per cent, of the total quantity wo
necessary for its complete saturation, wh
For a time the weighing of each in- rui
dividual pot not only consumed a large "w
amount of time, but also proved a ma
very arduous undertaking for the at- liki
tendant in charge of the pots. Accordingly,
the method of weighing
was improved by an ingenious me- chanical
device which renders it pos- Ch
sible for oue person, without assist- uec
ance and without uudue physical ex- his
ertion in the way of lifting the pots, ^
to weigU the entire lot of 176 in about jail
four hours. Thi3 is shown in one of sur
the accompanying illustrations, which wit
is also of special interest as showing lav
Dr. Wiley himself in the act of writing eve
down the weights. bac
The single-column illustration shows Th
the screen or hood that has been de- ant
vised for the purpose of protecting the chs
plants from the action of the wind and Re
from the attacks of birds. ter
The laboratory work includes deter- to ;
minalions of the total amount of dry san
Dii
i sec
r|
wa
brs
ma
" ba
, WASHINGTON, D. C.-THE VEGETA- un:
DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY FOR THE SI
" < ha
matter produced in each pot, together ah
with the amounts of nitrogen, phos- gri
phoric acid, and potash removed from ho
the soil by each crop. The data from sei
seven seasons is now at hand, and the Lo
it
eparation of a preliminary report is
ider way. It will contain stateants
in regard to the composition of
e soils, their physical character, their
iter-holding capacity, their contents
humus, and the percentage of nitron,
phosphoric acid, and potash con
mea merein, Dotn as regards total
ntent and in respect of the quanti:s
removed by different solvents,
lis report will be illustrated, not
ly by analytical tables, but also
apbicallv in such a way as to show
the most evident manner the rela?n
which exists between the physical
mposition of the soil, its contents of
Disture, and the quantity of dry ornic
matter produced.
This is but one of several investiga>ns
now being conducted under the
lection of the Chief of the Chemical
ivision of the Department of Agri.lture.
The great value to the
rmer is obvious, for as a result of
is investigation a chemical analysis
a given soil will at once determine
aat olant foods inav be deficient in
for the production of a given crop
id at the same time it will show the
rmer how to supply these deficienes
when practicable by the judicious
(plication of fertilizers or by a sdit>le
rotation of crops. Thus in the
id it will demonstrate what crops
own on a given soil will yield the
eatest amount of profit to the farmer.
The slow and even tedious work
jcessary for the satisfactory compledu
of investigations carried on in the
ientific bureaus of our Government
not always appreciated by the genal
public, but when the results that
e jcsure to ensue are so far-reachg
in effects as those of the investigajn
which has just been so briefly outled,
then, indeed, does the wisdom
the work become clearly manifest.
A TREADMILL DOC.
Wisconsin Establishment.
A dog which runs a press is a curiity
in Plymouth, Wis., and is probily
the only animal in the world dog
this kind of service. "Gyp," as
e dog* is known, is owned by the
ymouth Review Company, and not
tly runs off the edition of the paper
ice a week, but is also employed to
n a large job press.
The dog is an English mastiff,
jighing 150 pounds, and formerly
longed to a showman who became
randed there and left the animal at
e of the hotels. The proprietors of
e Review secured him, and his
cks of operating a wheel were deloped.
A wooden wheel, eight feet in dileter
and four feet wide, was con ucted
and balanced on a shaft on
a end of which was placed a pully to
ive a main shaft. This shaft was
anected with a niue-columivpower
ess, capable of carrying the forms
a six-column quarto paper, in tne
leel Gyp was piacecl aud in a short
ie taught to tread. Though usually
ictable, there are two things which
ow the dog into a rage. The first
to have any one turn the wheel,
ich Gyp has come to look upon as
i own, and second the sight of a
rticular cat. The latter fact is
;en advantage of when the dog does
t tread fast enough. A glimpse of
> cat is sufficient to increase the
;ed of the wheel, and if the cat is
THIS DOG PRINTS A NEWSPAPER.
t taken away after a time the dog
uld work himself into such a pasn
that the press would be toru to
ce3 by the speed. Gyp has been
.ng the work for two years, never
ssing a day, aud seems to enjoy the
rk, frequently gettiug into the
eel in the middle of the night and
iniug half an hour or more just to
arm up," as it were. When comnded,
the dog will start up or stop
e a horse.
Went to Jail For a Dor.
Hark A. Diamond, who died at the
arity Hospital here recently, had
some locally famous on account of
love for liis dog.
Phree times Diamond had been to
to save the dog's life, and the dog
vives his master. It "was not a dog
h a pedigree upon which Diamond
ished his affection, bat a plain
jryday cur with a bad temper. This
1 temper caused all the trouble,
e dog bit a child about a year ago
i Diamond was arrested on the
trge of keeping a vicious canine,
corder Finnegan gave him the alnative
of killing the brute or going
jail. Diamond went to jail. The
ae thiag happened over again when
imond had served out his first
The second term having expired, he
a again with his dog, which celeited
his release by biting a young
u ten days ago. Diamond's health
s poor and the case against him was
itinued two or three times, the ac?ed
saying he would suffer impriscnent
again rather than have his pet
t to death. On his way from the
urt House several days ago he fell
coDscions in the street and was
:en to the Charity Hospital, where
ith came this morning. The case
s aroused much sympathy.?New
leans Dispatch to Baltimore Sun.
Man's Ingratitude to His Home.
Spokane, the horse that beat Proc
Knott in one of the finest Derbys
it was ever run, winning his owner
0,000 and the fleeting but bright rewn
of the turf, has been brought
ck to the scene of his former triit>1is
and sold at auction for a paltry
70. Once a horse that kings would
ve been proud to own, now he
mds the chance of becoming a miser le
hack in a road-wagon. The inititude
that men who own racerses
show to the animals which
ved them so well is an old story.?
uisrille Courier-Journal.
& v.*
SIMM HAPPENIWGS.
Some Uncommon Incidents of Poverty,
Law, Crime and Accident.
AN AUCTIONED WOMAN'S BID.
A Panper Woman Sold at Anotion For
Board Bids In Herself? Feudal Fallman
Totrn to Bo Free?Committed
Suicide at Wife's Orders?A Mountain
Falls in Canada After a Thavr.
MiLFoaD, Penn. (Special).?An unfortunate
old woman, poor, her usefulness gone,
her friends driven from her by peculiarities
incident to old age, has just been sold at
auction to the lowest bidder by the overseers
of the poor of Lackawaxen Township,
Pike County. Despite her age, how
ever, ner mina is acute, ana sne siarueu
the auctioneers by bidding in herself.
The women who was put on the block
was Mrs. Elmira Quick. She is seventy,
seven years old, and has resided nearly
the whole of her life in Lackawaxen Township.
Her sale at auction was in.pursuance
of a custom which long has prevailed
in that township. It has been
customary with the various poormasters
to sell the poor of the township each
year to the lowest bidder in preference to
being annoyed with the care themselves,
and about the beginning of the year a
large sign with the glaring headline, "A
Woman for Sale," can be sean nosted
about tho township, for it seldom befalls a
man to become dependent apon the district.
When the bidders assembled at Warren
K. Rutan's Hotel, at Rowland Station, the
Overseer of tho Poor, Mr. Rosencrance, a
former Pike County Commissioner, and
Warren Rutan, who also actod as auctioneers,
took the floor and announced that a
woman was to be "sold to the lowest bidder
for keep for the year."
The bidding started at 64 a week and
was very spirited. The auctioneers were
about to "knock down" the woman to a
back woodsman for SI.50 a week for board,
clothing, medical attendance, etc., when
Mrs. Quick, who had been a silent listener
to the proceedings, arose from her chair
and in quiet tones said:
"I will bid $5 a month. I will have no
trouble to maintain myself on that amount."
This turn in the proceedings was wholly
unanticipated, and created general surprise.
For how was the aged woman to
live on sixteen cents a day? No one seemed
willing to go below Mrs. Quick's bid, and
the auctioneers saw no alternative but to
sell the woman to herself, and the papers
were accordingly drawn up.
PULLMAN TO BE A FREE CITY.
Tho Town "Will Be Absorbed by Chicago
and Its Baildlnzs Sold.
Chicago, 111. (Special).?The dream of
George M, Pullman's life has been shattered.
The fenced in model town of Pullman
is become a free community. Tho
anomaly of a city within a city is at an
end. Tho Pullman Palace Car Company
lias accepted the decision of the Supreme
Court of Illinois sustaining the contention
of Attorney-General 31. T. Maloney.
The Pullman company lias instructed its
attorneys to close the suit. The terms of
the decree are now being prepared. The
decree will divorce the great corporation
from everything save the business for
which it was incorporated.
Thus will end, as a feudal institution, the
town of Pullman. Itf churches and
schools, its hotel. Its magnificent arcade
hall, the market bouse, the public library
and two thousand brick residences, will be
sold to the highest bidder. The Pullmarl
Iron and Steel Uomnany will f>9 reorganized.
The brick works will pass from tho
control of the company.
The streets of Pullman will be given over
to tho authorities of tho city of Chicaco,
and the waterworks will also pass into the
control of the city. Pullman will cease to
bea^hedged in municipality.
AN EXTRAORDINARY SUICIDE.
A Wife Orders Hor Husband to Kill Himself
so She Can Have Money.
London fBy Cable).?Tho Vienna correspondent
of the Mail telegraphs:
"An extraordinary story of cold-blooded
crime is published in Monday's papers.
John and Anna Braunewero a middle-class
couple with three children, a private income
and a prosperous business. Braune
squanderer! his monev, let the business go
to ruin and became a bankrupt. One even
inj; his wile said to Mm: *Jonn, i urn starving.
8boot yourself, so that I can get the
insurance on your life.'
"The husband went into the next room
and shot himself, but, although desperately
wounded, eventually he roooyored.
" "Soon after his recovery his wife said to
him:
"'John, you were too stupid to shoot
yourself properly. Go and hang yourself
somewhere.'
"The next morning the obedient husband
was found hanging from a ratter, this time
dead.
"Anna Braune then tried to get rid of her
mother, whose sole heir she was. She hired
a workman to murder her, explained to him
hovr he could got into hor mother's house;
where he could find a hammer, with which
to do the deed; where lie could hide the
body, and other horrible details. She
promised the workman generous payment
for murdering her mother, but he reported
the matter to the police, aad the inhuman
daughter was arrested on- Saturday."
A CANADA MOUNTAIN FALLS.
Great Chunk of Earth Dams a Eiver,
Causing a Flood.
Vancouver, E. C. (8pecial).?The recent
tliaw had the otiector loosening tue sides
of a small nountaln which overhangs the
Fraser River, near Spencer Bridge.
Shortly after midnight a few days ago
with a roar that could be heard over a
mile, fully a hundred acres of tlio hill, anywhere
from twenty to flftv feet in depth,
crashed into the Fraser, damming it completely
and sending the water in torrents
over tbo fertile Nicola Valley. The course
of tbe river wa3 changed completely. Now
the Frazer, which, owing to the flat nature
of the country, has grown into a broad,
majestic, but shallow stream, is fully half
a mile out of its former course. The district
is sparsely settled, and no lives were
lost.
Barns and houses, however, were carried
away and thousands of acros of valuable
land will never be reclaimed from the
waters of the Fraser in its new course.
Kentucky Mountaineers Go Into the Army
Thn armv recruitine station at Lexlng
ton, Ky., i3 doing more work than all the
other Western stations combined. The
trountaln boys aro pouring in at such a
rate that the examiners aro kept busy. A
row days ago a large consignment was
<aippod to For: Sneliing, and others will
'oilow.
Britain Support! Pcace Proposal.
Lord Salisbury has replied to th* Cz ir's
disarmament proposal, assuring him of the
ordial sympathy of the Engli-iii tieople
iuil promisiug tho support or taeiirinsu
loverntneut.
Sent to Prison For Life.
Colonel JUltson sua .uiuuu, wuu u jo 111
command of the Spanish garrison at Ponce
Porto Rico, when the United States troof s'
under General Miles landed in the island,
and who abandoned the plica without
( sistunce, has been sentenced to imprisonient
for life at Madrid, Spain. He'will be
-Hreerated at Ceuta, the Spanish penal
jtony in Morocco, opposite Gibraltar.
Volunteers to Be Mustered Out.
The Secretary of War, Washington, has
irdered the muster out of the First Wes|
7irglnia, Second Ohio and First Terrltor
al Rtffiments, all Tolunteera.
/
A TEMPEEANCE COLUMNr
THI DRINK ?ViL MADE MANIFEST
IN MANY WAYS.
Take u Drink??What Alcohol Does to the
User?It is Foolish to Bay an Onnce
of Present Pleasure With a Pound of
future Pain?Abstinence is Saiest.
Take a drink? No, not I!
Reason's taught me better
Than to bind my very soul
With a galling fetter.
Water, sweet and cool and free,
Has no cruel chains for me.
"Clteth Like a Serpent."
Few things are so much dreaded as serpents.
They are so stealthy, and, except
the rattlesnake, so silent, and some of
them, at least, are so deadlv. Thera Is no I
cure known for the bite of some snakes;
the only chance is to cut out the piece of
flesh which has been bitten or to burn it
out with a red-hot iron, and even this will
be of no use unless it is done directly after
the bite is received. Now, this is very like
wbat alcohol does to the drinker, who has
only a very faint chance of getting rid of
his thirst for drink when that thirst has
once been formed In him. His only chance
is to get the drink out, and keep it out of
his body. He caDnot cut it out or burn it
out; he has patiently to abstain from it
until he has ceased to long for it. Some- ,
times it is many years before this can be
done, and sometimes the thirst comes back
time after time for the whole of a man's
life, and keeps him in danger and anxiety.
What goodjeeason we have to avoid being
bitten by this serpent of strong drink.
The mischief comes at last like many
other bad things, the drink comes to us with
a smiling face; it is pretty to look at as it
sparkles in the glass; we see some of our
friends taking it; we know that many good
people not only take it, but even praise it.
if we were to take soma, very likely at first
it would seem to be doing us good, and we
might think it a useful thing to take. But
it would all be a mistake; every kind of
strong drink is "a mocker," and soon after
we had got into the habit of taking it we
should flud that we had more or less difficulty
in leaving it'off. .The first prick of
the serpent's tooth would be feit, and if we
had wisdom enough left we should cast the
habit away from us in fear and horror. If
we did not the tooth would enter more
deeply and the poison would flow through
our'veins; we should become the prey of
the serpent. Wise men look well ahead,
and so do wise boy3 and girls; they do not
ask whether a thing is pleasant or unpleasant
just now; they want to know how It
will be in the end. They know better than
to buy an ounce of present pleasure with a
pound of future pain. It is because the
worst of drink comes at the last instead of
at the first that we so hate and fear it.
It must be terrible to feel the poison
spreading through one's body after the bite
of a snake. In some cases In about a quart-fir
of Jin hmir It <9 nil nvnr An(t*ri?nt-h hn<i
come. But It is worse still to live the living
death of a drunkard, to feel one good
thing after another going out of you, that
you love those about you less and have less
of their love: that your good name is going,
that you are in every way getting
worse and "worse, further and further from
God and goodness and everything thnt is
beautiful and pleasant, that you are surely
dying not only in your body, but your soul
as well. Better by far be killed by a serpent
than endure such a fate as this. But
if you neglect the warniiag of the motto, if
you break your pledge, such a fate may be
yours.?Father Mathew Herald.
Beer and Wine and Intemperance.
It should not be forgotten that the use
of malt liquors and light wines has not
been found in Europe to be a means of.
checking intemperance. The French for
generations have used light wines in large
quantities, and within the last two or three
decades have been considerable consumers
of malt liquors; but in spite of this, since
1870 they have developed|a taste for distilled
spirits which threatens', if continued, to
convert those who were formerly considered,
in the absence of intoxication, a temperate
people, into a nation of drunkards.
Tbe same statement holds true of Switzerland,
where the people have for a long
time past used both beer and light wines,
but are now finding the inducement to resort
to distilled spirits almost irresistible.
Even in Germany, the home of beer and
also light wines, the official reports announce
that there is a material growth in
the average consumption of distilled
liquors?a statement which we believe also
holds true ot the kingdom of Belgium.
Felt He "Wag Strong.
A brilliant young man, thirty years ago,
was beginning to form the habit of indulgence
in the wine cup. He knew that other
men were drunkards, but he felt that he
himself was strong, and would never be
anything but clear-eyed and strong of
nerve and firm of flesh. The years went
by. He has had honor and position. He
has become a drunkard, with it all, and
bis honors have been lor nothing. Whisky
and wine, have done for him what t&ey
have done for all the rest, and what they*
will do for all who are foolish enough to
be deceived by them. If he could he would
deter young men from following in his .
footsteps, but he will not influence them.
They will think of him simply hs an old
drunkard, and say that he was a fool not to
have controlled himself a little. And they
will follow him on to death.?Herald and
Pre9bvter.
A Toast That Touched Their Hearts.
Colonel Thomas W. Higginson said that
at a dinner at Beaufort, 8. C., where wine
flowed freely and ribald jest3 were bandied,
L?r. Miner, a slight, .boyish fellow, who did
not drink, was told that he could not go
until he had drunk a toast, told a story or !
sung a song. He replied: "I cannot sing,
but I will give you a toast, although I
must drink it In water. It is, 'Our
Mothers.'" The men were so affected and
ashamed that some took him by the hand
and thanked him for displaying courage
greater than that required to walk up to
the mouth of a cannoD. This. Colonel
Higginson says, was the bravest act he
witnes?ed during the Civil War.
Bismarck Denounced Beer.
Thoso people who have been looking
with favor upon the increased consumption
of beer in this country as an indication
that that drink is dbplacing whisky
will hardly be comforted'by a remark of
Prince Bismarck, related by his phyaiclan,
Dr. Buscb, in his recently published book,
"Bismarck: Some Secret Pages of His History."
Dr. Busch tells how some one at
table once lamented the absence of beer,
and the Iron Chancellor replied:
"That Is do loss! The excessive consumption
of beer is deplorable. It makes
men stupid, lazy and useiess."
Note* of the Crusnde.
There were 19,000 arrests for intoxication
in New TJork City last year.
Eradicate every dive to-day and the
saloon will creute new dives.^ The dive ,
will always exist as Ion# as Its cause, the j
liquor tra'flle, exists.
Drunkenness darkons the hpmes of the i
people, and is one of the greatest enemies :
of "peace on earth." ]
Magistrate Henry Brlstow, of Brooklyn. 1
recently said: ">Ve have in the police 1
courts every grade of wrongdoing, from
the nursery squabble up to murder, but '
niuety per cent, o' all the cases are the 1
outgrowth of intoxication. Rum is re- ]
sponsible for all this crime."
(a fV>? nrinr?in.il entrance
~ i r ,
into the mammoth cave of drunkenness,
through which the majority of the youtli
of each generation pass. While som* go
but a short distance, a very lar^e number
go more or less rapidly toward th.i river
Styx, the way getting darker and daiker
asthey go.
A movement, headed by the Bishop or
Hereford, has bean started iu England to
secure the nrohibitiou of the rum business
in the Soudan, recently opened up by Lord
Kitchener's army.
The Parliament of New South Wales is
sitting up nights to devise soma amendments
to their present excise law that will
check drunkenness. The old restrictive
law has been a conspicuous failure as a
tempcrance measure.
A teacher inaXewl'ork school recently
made complaint to the Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to Children that
one of her pupils, a little boy, only six
years old. frequently came to school.,
drunk. An investigation shows that his ,
mother bad been giving him whisky, ,
under the delusion that it would "mak>>
mm strons. i
/
L'.s* v* J.': v v ' ..... i
THE SABBATH SCHOOL. G
INTERNATIONAL LESSON COMMENTS P
COD UMIItDV 0 O
Lesnon Text: "Chrlat at Jacob'# Well,*' Q
John ir? 5-15?Golden Text: Jobn lv?
14? Commentary on the JDaj'* Leuou
bj the Rev. D. M. Stearns.
5. "Then cometh He toacityo* Samaria, ,?
which is called Syciiar, near to the parcel
of ground' that Jacob gave to his son F
Joseph." He is anointed with the Holy 1
Ghost and with power and goes about do- T
ins good, seeking never His own will, but
always the will of His Father, and all His p
steps us well as all His words and actions
ure ordered by the Father (Acts x., 3S;
t~i? _.i no. ?j.. in. tj? oo\ T/?
fUUil VI*, OOf Alt., XV) X a. AAA?iI., 4W/. XV/ Q
liye such a life is the business of the Christian,
and Christ in us will live that life if ^
we yield fully to Him.
6. "Now Jacob's well was there. Josus, T(
therefore, being wearied with His journey,
sat thus on the well, and it was about the
sixth hour." As we said in a previous lesson,
probably G a. m., according to John's
way of counting. He would be journeying gi
early, so as to avoid tthe heat of the day.
He is weary, for'He is truly man and in all jj
points tempted like as we are. We have not
a high priest who cannot be touched with j)(
a feeling of our infirmities. He knoweth
our frame; He remembers that we are but ^
dust.
t. "There cometh a womau of Samaria
to draw water. Jesus saith unto her, Give
me to drink." For our sakes He put Himself
in the limitations of a mortal bodv,
liable to weariness, hunger, thirst, suffering
and death. He who made all things |r<
and upholds all things made Himself de- pt
pendent upon the ministry of others for the es
necessities of life. He led millions with of
manna for nearly forty years and brought tl<
water from the rock at His pleasdre. er
8. "For His disciples were gone away ot
unto the city to buy meat." He who said, isi
Come, buy wine and milk without money bl
and without price (Isa. lv., 1) sends His dis- til
ciples to buy with money things necessary N<
for the body. It is very difficult for us to ci
believe the extent of His humiliation. We p<
cannot understand how rich He was nor fii
hrtw nnr?r TT? hnr?r?m? fnr nnrcnbpQ fTT Pnr IcL
vlli., 9), but we can look up gratefully and 01
say, Lord., I thank Thee lor bearing it for te
me! cfc
'J. "How is it that Thou, being a Jew, ai
askest drink of me, which am a woman of fr
Samaria? For tbe Jews have no dealings dc
with the Samaritans." Thus answered trie. n<
woman Samaria. How different from Beb- tta
ekah when Ellezer said, Let me drink, I CI
praytlrte (Gen. xxiv., 45,46). See in II ct
Kings, 17, the origin of these Samaritans, en
Do good unto all, especially to the house- ia
bold otfaith, and give to him that a.sketh t0
thee are good precepts to remember and oi
practice, for,not only is it more blessed to dl
give than receive, but not e.ven a cup of be
cold water given in the name of a disciple yrl
shall lose its reward (Acts xx., 35; Math. Ti
x., 42). ' ev
10. "Jesus answered and said unto her, uc
If thou knewest the gift of God and who It gc
is that salth to thee, Give M6 drink, thou Wj
wouldst have asked of Him, and He would af
have given theo living water." The gift of to
God Is tbe Son of God, as we saw in Jast 0f
losson (3*16). If the woman had ever at
learned what we call Isa. lv., she might m
now have thought of the words, "Ho, every p(
one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters!" be
and have said, Art Tbou He of whom Isaiah te,
wrote? i If ahe had knofrn Jer. ii, 13, she to
might have asked, Art Thou a fountain of ju
living water? But she knew not these ;0
things; she was not living unto God, yet jn
her soul was pr9cious In God's slgbt. as
11. "The woman saith unto Him, Sir, us
Thou hast nothing to draw with, and the f0
well is deep. From whence, then, bast
Thou that living water?" Whether it be
rlcb, religious flesh, as in Nicodemus, or
poor, slntol flesh, as in this woman, It.is 1
in either case ignorant of spiritual things, sh
The well 13 too deep, and the natural man re
has nothing to draw with. The woman Ac
unwittingly described her own condition nc
in her words to our Lord. She thought only hi
of natural water, a rope and a bucket, yc
She did not know the words of lsa. xli., 3, w<
"With joy shall ye draw water out of the W
wells of salvation." He testified what sa
He knew and had seen. Those who be* be
lieve His testimony proclaim Him as the tei
Truth, but those who receive not His tea- all
tlmony make Him- a liar. Let us as faith- a
till Witnesses proclaim wuat wo nave neara tu
and seen (I John i., 3). od
12. "Art Thou greater than our father of
Jacob, who gave us the well and drank be
thereof himself and his children and his 'T
cattle?" In chapter viii., 53, the rulers on
ask Him, "Art Thou greater than our T1
father Abraham? Greater than Solomon tu
or Jonah (Math. xH., 41. 42), greater than of
prophets or patriarchs, greater than angels Oi
or archangel, one with God tbe Father, to
God manifest in tbe flesh, bow meekly He tvr
bore it all, to be so unknown, so misun- m<
derstood! Are you, for His sake, willing m<
to hare some one far beneath you socially da
or intellectually spoken of as better than lo1
you, and can you keep still? Can you bear lip
to hear some other land or city "honored i
above yours and be meetly quiet Because
your city Is New Jerusalem?
13. "Jesus answered and said, unto her.
Whosoever drinketh of this water shall j
thirst again." Both lltefally and figura- ,
tlvely true. The first the woman could
grasp, for she came often to draw water,
But the second she understood not. But
few have yet learned that the waters of
this world cannot satisfy, and the multi- wl
tudes seek the pleasures of sin, which th
satisfy but for a season. They hew them- Th
selves out cisterns that can hold no water so:
(Heb. xl., 25; Jer. U., 13). yo
14. "But whosoover drinketh of the a_
water that I shall give him shall never yc
thirst, but the water that I shall give him j3
shall be in him a well of water, springing t j
ud into everlasting life." Christ in us, the ac
hope of glory is a well that not only *
abundantly satisfies, but is ever springing ,,J
up to refresh others. It is possible to be v
satisfied with favor and full with the bless- '
ing of the Lord (Deut. xxx., 23), so occu- j:
pled with Ood tnat the pleasures of this
world have no power over us. In chapter ,
1 we have water in connection with the
forgiveness of sins, in chapter 2 water in
connection with the wine of the kingdom '
ac me muriate oi mo uaiuu, m uuayvci ?
water In connection with the first step toward
the kingdom. Here we have an advance,
for every believer may be a well of ^
water if only willing. th(
15. "The woman saith unto Him, Sir, saj
give me this water, that I thirst not, ?
neither come hither to draw." She still
thought only of natural water, but soon,
as His love and wisdom continued to deal
with her,/he began to see herself a sin- j
ner. Then she saw Him as the Messiah of
and her Saviour, she received Him as suth, olt
and joy so filled her that she forgot all TL
else but Him and ran to beur the glad uo
tidings to others.?Lesaon Helo?r. > an
A QUADRUPLE WEDDING. Tn
gii
Fonr Brothers Court and Marry Four jn(
Slaters In a Village in Ohio. en,
In Trail, a little place ten miles north of ne
Canal Dover, Ohio, four brothers married Rri
four sisters on New Year's Day. bil
James Hochstottler has long been re- to
[ arded as one of the most prosperous 8ic
farmers in Coshocton County, and is re- to
puted to be wealthy. He has four daugh- hit
rers?Amanda, Ethel,. Helen and Arabelle, tei
"" 'In" 'n #cn from thlrtv to t wantv vears. tt?
John Summers, a neighbor of Hocbstet- th(
tier, 1ms four sons?Jonn, Harry, Howard mu
ind Frank. John la thirty-flve, and Frank du
ao'c yet twenty-two years old. They occa- Pe;
ilonally called on the Hocbstettler girls,
jut excited no comment, us there were no j
jther girls to visit. jje
Frank Summers and Arabelle Hocbstet- c0l
:ler set their elder3 an example by beoom- q0
inc engaged,bringing tbe others into closer nm
icquniataaceship. Gradually it leaked out
:bat Howard Summers and Helen Hoch- |.a(
itettler were engaged. Frank and Howard q0
lecided to be married on New Year's Day. ma
"If two brothers can marry two sisters,
vhy can't four brothers marry four sisers?"
Howard remarked in a jest one night hl
it the family table. John Summers began
o think about it, and soon Amanda's on- a <
cagement to him was announced. That
- i e* - -j tt.-u
1UXT1CU citirry ouiliiuits uuu biuci nuyu<
itettier into an engagement. J
Every one in tbe neighborhood was in- ??
rited to the weddings on New Year's Day. "<
Che full Episcopal service was used, and it tl0
equired the greater part of the afternoon 901
o solemnize tho four weddings. An olab- Ka'
>rate supper was served. The four broth- l)0'
srs will continue to live in Trail, |?*J
Ifp
npHiusn raperi ccaso rnbiication. ]on
The papers at Santatldor, Spain, have cia
eased publication, owing to thesevority rec
)f the censorship. ?xl
lnt
\
a ' * ' ; v . .* "
vr
*<
. \;t
A
lOD'S MESSAGE TO MAM
RECNANT THOUCHTS FROM TUT j
WORLD'S CREATEST PROPHETS*
Irdod of God?How the Bleh and C*B
tured Are "Won?Look to the' Oiveiw
Tlie Soul'i Immortality?The Old Teai
tament Standard?Faith Like Granltaw
o be plrded of God?
Oh, divine preparation *.?!
or conttiot, for sorrow,
For work daily done!
o be flttedwith strength? 'w
Oh, blest separation
rom weakness, from failure,
To victoria won!
God! for such girding
My heart pleads with aching; , 3
3 stand more than conqueror
When pressed by the foe;
o Jean on Thy strength,
Yes, Thy strength my shield making,
ould rob earth of anguish .
And life of its woe.
ich strength from the Master
My poor self unfolding
us*t make my way perfect,
Aye, perfect in fiim.
ear Lord, give Thyself;
Take myself for the molding
vessel perfected\
Without and within.
?Mrs. E. F. A. Drate, in Advance.
'#?29
How the Rich and Cultured Are Won.
Not by any novel methods of effort, nor \)f # . .3
eating them as If they were formed of ra- '
srior clay can they be won to Christ.* la i \
sentials tbeir human nature is like that
any. others. Their joys, griefs, tempt*
ins, ambitions and moral hilstorles in gen> - ' -U
al are similar in principle to those of 1
hers. The differences, so far as any ex*
t, lie mostly in things external. It is#
under not to appreciate their subetaiv
il likeness to all other men and womeo<
or are they to be won. by the seveX *
Iticism and harsh condemnation so oftev
jured upon them, aslf they were necessar*
j corroded by selfishness, recklessly lndif*
rent to tbe needs of others, or. supereillisly
contemptuous of the intellectual or
rial attainments of all outside of their ow* .
tarmed cirale. This may be true of somt nong
them. It is not true of all, and th?
oquent denunclaticns which they receive .j
? mA?ia Kaxm Tfl fKnW *
> special aim to bo kept in view, 1
en, in striving to win them - to*. the
iristlHu Iffe? None moro than oagbjt-wbc s. :y''
lerlshed in tho case of others. In any one'f =
iso a wise Christian workersoeks to use
ct, to study obaracter and conditions, and
adapt the timo and Aanner of argument J
appeal as closely ns possible tq the Invidual
in view. There are circumstances to
i borne In mind in the case of a rich man
lilchdonotoxlstinthe case of a poor man. >:
lis is just as true of tho poor man, how- s >
er as of the rioh. The one will be repelled
> more than the other if it be (disregarded. - k
> in regard to a cultured mind as compared fcK
Itb its opposite. Each mast be sought
ter the manner most likely to be a< sptable
him and influential with him. The secret
success in the cases of the rlOb
id cultured, as in those of all other
en, is genuine and thoughtful sympathy. , '
jrfunctory zeal Always repels. A warm
art, provided that good.^ense and coursy
control Its "manltestations, seldom fall?
win Influence. The rich and cultured, aw
st men or women 89 others?hoping, re* "' .-a
icing, striving, falling, regretting, desparg
even, like their fellows. To treat them j
if they occupied pedestals is foolish and
eless. Yet thoir peculiar temptations and
Ibles need to be borne in mind. >
Look to<the Giver.
There Is never a joy which la not a day of
adows in some homes.' Death is abroad
aping his harvests. If he reaps, he moat
id victims somewhere. Now this home,
>w that one, must contribute a sheaf to
s tireless sickle. Has he recently visited
iurs? And are you saying, hoW can
j bo thankful and sing songs of praise?, <
Ith homes so desollte, and hearts so
d, how can we make melody? Dear
reaved ones, look up through yoor,
ars and trust in the great Giver of
I life. He has only taken^'our treasure to
safe retreat He has onif protected your
ved ones from earth's rude blasts. He bas
Jy called your darling^ a little in advance
yourselves. Were th6re no death for you
>w dreadful, then, would death be lor any!
is only a little while ere we shall follow
i. Tbe present order Is the best order;
le living bury the dead, and we are In
rn burled by other living. The passing
the generations is a gradual process.
lr turn will como. Sorrow is helping
flt us for the change. As the charms
a being removed, otir hearts are becoming
ire reconciled to this our inevitable rejval.
Heaven brightens a3 earth grows
rk. Loved ones on high attract us from
red things below, liy ana?oy our wiiwig
>ti will take up the ecstatic song;? 4
' The earth recedes; it disappears;
Heaven opens on my sight,.^ny ears
With sounds seraphic rinjt
Lend, lend thy wings, I meant, I fly;
0 grave, where Is thy vlctorV?
D death, where is thy sting? '
The Soul's Immortality.
Wo board tbe vessel for a trial trip. Her
lite sails waft us by tbe forts and through
s Narrows and around the lightship.
ten she comes back and is anchored la
me convenient place. Suppose- we tell
u that her whole mission is accomplished
d thare is nothing more for her to da
>u ask, in wonder, "Why build her, then? .
it not folly to take so mnch pains for
ial trip, and then leave her at her onchor:e
to rot and sink?" The same
ay be said of the soul. This brief ,
e is only the trial trip. We doss
a few buoys in the harbor of eternal life,
) stem the ebb or flood tide for a few
turs, we just get a glimpse of the ocean
at spreads beyond our vision, and then
aat we call death intervenes. With the
eat Atlantic of immortality ahead of ua,
all w<j come to anchor in the grave? It
nnot bo true. We were raade for eternity, ri.
d the great ambitions which throb in oat
t-- V... -ITKa
HIS Cannot uo anuria uj uwvu. .
ral procession leaves ua at the mouth of ^
3 harbor, and when our friends return to
sir homes we spread invisible canvas and
il on and on toward the throne of Go<L?
v. George H. Hepworth.
The Old Testament Standard.
k great deal is said about giving a tenth
our income to God's cause. That is tha
1 testament standard, but not the new.
le now testament teaching is that we are
tour own; we belong to God. All that wo
3 and all that we have are God's to use is
len He needs it. Some men will never
swer the demands of the Word by
dng a tenth. Suppose one man has aa
:ome of $50 0 and another of 4500; the one
invs manv luxuries and things not at all
cessary. the ' ther can scarcely with th? ^
aatest sacrifice pay the rent, the grocory
1 and the coal bill. Is the law tho samo
the.se two men? $500 to one Is
nply dispensing with a few luxuries: 350
the other is a sacrifice that often sends
n into his Got'usemnno. Tho rule of oneith
adopted by a Christian may be better
in no plan of giving at all, but it is noe j
i highest. Some arc not bound to givo so - .^J
ich; others have not performed theic ^
ty when they have giv^n only that.?
ainsula Mothodist.
raith is like the primitive granite of our
w England. Dig down deep, ar.d you .
ne to it, below all superimposod strata.
to the summit of the highest mountains
1 you find it, on the lofJett elevations.
itli begins as the basis of the infant's
jwledge: it ends in leading us to know
a. i.iiriss una immorwuuy.?juiups xreeu
Clarke.
ISBAND'S R1CHT TO W1FE:3 ESTATE.
Judge Hold* That the Common-Law
Theory >'o Longer Exists.
rudgo Wood. In the Circuit Court at St.
uis, Mo.,hns reversed the ruling or th?
jbate Court in regard fo the adminisiran
of the estate of Airs. Mary B. MoPherl,
holding that the common law, that
re tho husband absolute right over th?
rscnal estate of his wife, has cea3?d to
^t. In his deoision Judj?e Wood said;
he common-law theory of marriage has
ig since ceased to exist everywhere, espe?
.lly in this State; the law has long since
iOgnized the wife as having a separata
stence and separate rights aad separata
erests." ^
*
. , vi . "* v
x.. > .