The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, February 10, 1897, Image 7
I V
IRON-MAKING.
BvAM'Am,rc AND GROWING INDUST1CY
IN Til I'! SOI Til.
L Wonderf-.il Development of Alabama's
j Irou Miucs?Story of the Iron
f liooni ?\ LMI IV a
Big Mine.
7f~ "WONDERFUL development
/ \ is going on ia iron-making in
J^-'X tho South. I spent some
time in Birmingham, which
city io the biggest iron producer south
o? Pittsbnrg. writes Frank G.
Carpenter in the Chicago Times
Herald. There are twenty-six
iron Inm!jca6 within thirty miles of
tbo town, with a daily output of almost
4000 tons of pig iron. They employ
neaily 4000 men, and pay wages
of $150,000 a month. They claim to
^ftmake iron cheaper than anywhere else
V in the world, and one of the furnace
V companies shipped some of its proV
duct not long ago to London and sold
it thpre at a Drofit.
t Tho South is doing its business on s
big, broad soale. There is an enormous
amount of money invested. The
Tonuessee Coal and Iron Company has
itoeif a capital atook of $21,000.C00.
It has mines scattered
throughout Tennessee and Alabama,
and *1 am told that its property is
worth as much is some of tho small
European kingdoms. It has a vast
area of ccal beds, and is now mining
more than 17,000 tons of coal a day.
) It owns mountains of iron ore, and
/ last year it produced more than 500,(
000 tons of pig iron and more than
(( 3,500,000 tone of coal. I visited its
\ oofce ovens at the town of Bessemer.
J) south of Birmingham, and was told
hot- tw there, together with
the others owned by the company,
make almost 5000 tons of coke a day,
while ont of its Alabama iron mines
alone are daiij taken more than 6000
tons of ore. This is perhaps the biggest
company of the South, bat there
are other large establishments, and an
-enormous industrial development may
be expected there within the next few
years.
c-3 ?-"> (
o "2
I ^ c>^c
I
f THE GREAr
' The coal and iron of the South are
fairly hugging each other. They lie
side by bide, and when their marriage
takea place in the furnaces with the
/aid of the fleecy bridal veil of lime)
st -ne, which ia also found near by,
) they can produce industrial children
J in the sbapo o! iron ana steoi more
-/ cheaply than their kiod in any othei
( portion of the world.
There is no donbt that we are to
fnrnieh the greater part of the iron
lor the world in the future. We have
bigger ore beds than any other country,
and our coal fields arc practically
inexhaustible. There is enough coal
in Alabama to do all the manufacturing
cf the United States for many years
to come. I was torn at Bessemer
that the available coal of Alabama
alone, if it could be pat into a lump,
would make a solid chunk seventy
miles long by sixty miles broad and
ten feet thick. Such a lump would, it
is estimated, furnish 10,000 tons of
coal a day for more than 11,000 years,
or 1,000,000 tons a day for 115 years.
But Alabama has only a small amount
of the great Appalachian coal fields.
These fields end themselves in Ala
bam a. Tiioy rail trorn tnere normward
a distance, it i6 said, of abont
900 miles, and they are from thirty to
about 180 miles wide. They furnish
about two-thirds of our bituminous
T/OWERING flOBSES INTO A MINE.
ooal output, aud we produce, you
know, about one-third of all the coal
of the world. In 1894 we mined 170,000,000
tons of coal, while the whole
world produced only 570,000,000 tons.
The only country whioh beat us that
year was Great Britain. We have
thousands of square miles of coal lands
outside of the Appalachian fields, and
there are great undeveloped coal areas
in the West. I was told of a great iron
mountain which is to be opened bv a
railroad from Salt Lake City to Los
Angeles daring my stay in Utah, and
there are large iron deposits in' Missouri.
To-day the leading countries
of the world which produce iron are
Great Britain, Germany, France,
Austria-Hungary, Russia, Belgium and
Sweden. Spain mines a great deal of
iron ore, but she ships the most of it
to England. I heard of big undeveloped
iron mines in China during my
stay there, and there are some good
mines in Mexico and Central America.
There is one iron region in Cuba, and
you find small beds scattered through
the West Inuia Islands. The great
bulk of the product of this hemisphere,
' ). however, comes from the United
v- States, and, a= I have said, the indications
are that our resources have not
yet been touched.
The furnaces at Bessemer are within
a Half mile of the mines from which
the iron is taken out. In company
^ith one of the superintendents of the
Tennessee Coal and Iron Company I
j visited them. We rode np to the 11
mouth of the mine in a carriage, wina- j
mg our way up a little range of moan- ;
tains, the sides of which were covered <
j with terra cotta stones. I picked up
j one of the stones and found it exceed!
incly heavy, and was told that it waa
i iron ore. The iron lies right on the
surface of the ground. They begin on
the veiu and work right down into the
mountain, taking out nothing but
iron. Deposits of thia kind extend
! through the mountains of the region,
| and it is a wonder that they were not
j developed long ago. I was told that
I irou mines were worked there during .
I the late war and that the Confederate
j Government got a large part of its coal
I and iron from that region. From time
j to time Northern capitalists were asked
to invent in the rainee, but they would
j not believe the stories that were told \
them. !
I One man who owned some of the
most valuable iron territory of Ala bama
called upon Abram S. Hewitt,
who has made a fortune out of iron,
and wno has big iron interests to -day.
He showed Hewitt the ore, and told
him it lay there in Alabama on the top
of the ground and could be had for
the picking up. Hewitt replied that
he had no money to invent at present,
and he evidently did not believe the
man's story.
"Why," said he, "we people here in
New York look upon iron as so much
^ ? J?-- ko. 11
goia, ana you o?a u?ruty m?a.o mo u<=liove
that you people have lumps of
gold laying around down South and
that no one has yet picked them up.
If your story is true I advise you to
take seveial New York experts to the
South and get them to swear to what
they sec before you try to place such
property in New York."
It was some time after this before
the Alabama mining boom began. A
great deal of this was on paper, but
the foundation is there, and the iron
mines are as va'uable to*day as they
were ten years ago. They are now all
owned by big corporations, and they
"? -? a _ tA.
are oemg aeveiopea auer me uc?
| business principles. The mine which
: we entered was worked with compressed
air drills. The cars were '
hauled up and down an inclined railway
bv steam, and hundreds of sooty
ry 00
r SLAG POT.
! laborers, with candles in their hats,
were at work. The vein of ore that I
6aw ranged in width from eight to
j twenty-foar feet. It is a great sand1
wich of iron ore between walls of slate
and rock. It dips down into the
' ground at an angle of about thirty-five
j degrees.
1 could hear the boom! boom!
I Krinm t rtf tlio hlmstinfr nnwiipr as I went
through th9 mine. At times the air
shook and quivered with the concussion,
and our candles were blown out.
Dynamite is used almost altogether in
iron mining, and the danger is very
great if it is not carefully handled,
j Every now and then accidents occur in
. the miues. Men are torn to pieces,
j the walls fall in, and thore is great loss
! of life.
Leaving the mine, I next went to
one of the great furnaces at the foot of
I Bed Mountain, where the ore is turned
I into pig iron. Iron, you know, never
{ ocours pure in a state of natnre. The
| ore of the Rod Mountain, which is
: used at the Bessemer furnaces, conI
***** 1 rr ohs*nt ?or>f
bdiuo VUJJ auvut A.\J jl V J VA^UV JL/V** V.UUV.
of iron, and the superintendent told ;
me that the purest iron stone found
anjwhere contains only seventy per '
cent. The rest is made up of rock and
other minerals, and it is necessary to i
separate the iron before it can be used 1
for manufactures. This process is 1
known as mating pig iron. The iron 1
is mixed with limestone and coke in
great furnaces, which aie, I judge, as
high as a six-story house. The furnaces
are filled with alternate layers
of coke, limestone and iron. It tukes (
an enormouB blast to furnish enough 1
heat for such a furnace, and the blast '
ib created by immense engines, which 1
foroe the air first through what are <
perhaps the biggest stoves of the '
world. They are immense tubes, many '
feet high, aid as big around as a city '
gas tank. They are lined with fire- i
brick and are heutod by the gas which '
comes from the furnaoes. The air is 1
made to pasB through these enormous !
stoves before it goes to the blast and <
: 1 1 1 A. 1 iL.l iL
it/ prouuceb i\ ueai KU mieiibe IUUI me '
iron and steel machinery of the fur- '
nace would not last a minute were not 1
every bit of it enveloped in water. All 1
of the pipes are incased in other pipes 1
which are kept full of cold flowing <
water, and this water is forced about
the outside of the furnace whenever
smelting is going on. The heat is so
great that the iron is melted in a very |
short time. It is drawn off from each ,
furnace twice a day. ,
It flows out at the foot in a little ,
river of gold. The stream looks like ]
molten gold alloyed with copper until ,
it gets a distance of perhaps twenty ]
feet away from the far mice. Here it |
is divided into two streams. The iron
flows one way and the slag or refuge,
which has formed a scum and floats on
the top, is carried off in another.
The iron is now of a yellow gold color.
It seems to have lost its reddish tint.
It runs off in a goiden stream into a
bed of sand, in which little boles have
I been cut or molded, so that it looks
for al! the world like a garden patch
ready for planting. These holes are
of just the size and shape of what is
known as an iron pig. They are
about as big around as the upper arm
of a good-sized man and about three
feet long. The yellow stream findgits
way in through them and soon the
garden is full of these bright yellow
pigs, which turn to a copper tinf as
they cool and then change to the'gray
or cold pig iron. As the mgtal is
cooling the heat waves dance Jver the
garden patch of hot iron, imd you
have to hold you hat before your face 1
to keep from being scorched. After
the pigs are cooled they are piled up j
ready to be shipped to different parts
i
of the United States for ase in menu- !
factoring. The slag goes to wast'1. It 1
runs off'into a great iron pot fastened j
on car wheels, and is wheeled on u !
i
THE DANGERS OP MINI NO. j
I
railroad track some distance away
and emptied out on the slag heap. '
1'here are mountains of such slag near I
every great furnace, and the invention j
has yet to be made whioh will tarn it j
to any uther uses than that of ballasting
railroads.
We lead the world not only in the j
production of iron, but also in the j
making of pig iron. We made 10,000,000
tons in 1892, which was an
increase of more than 1000 per oent.
over the product of 18G5. Since that
time we have increased our steel produot
360 times, and we are now mak- ,
ing enough steel every year to give
every man, woman and child in the |
United States 140 pounds, and have
some to spare. Some of our pig iron i
whicb was lately sent to England, I I
-U ? ?? fnr loan til fin 87 A I
Bill Uiu, wno a\jA\jk ?vi ?www v ?
ton. We made pig iron at the time
of the Revolution, which was worth
$50 a ton, and we arc making Bteel
now, it is said, almost as cheaply as a
good class of iron.
It is wonderful how iron increases
the value after it is tnrned into machinery
or articles of use by the
people. You get some idea of what
labor is worth when you think of it.
It i6 estimated by Carroll D. Wright,
of the Labor Bureau, for instance,
that seventy-five cents' worth of common
iron ore when turned into bar
iron is worth 85. If you make it into
horse shoes it is worth $10, or if into
table knives, $180. Seventy-five oents'
worth of ore manufactured into needles
is worth $6800, and when made
into battons more than $'2<2,UUU. it i
the iron is converted into watch j
Bprings its vaiae is almGBt ten times |
as great, and when turned into hair i
springs your seventy-five cents' worth '
of rock and stone will sell for the ,
enormous sum of $400,000. The dif- j
ference between seventy-five cents and
$400,000 is the value paid for labor l
alone. So you see that, after all, the
real wealth of a country lies in the
muscles and brains of its people. If
we could turn all of our iron ore into
hair springs, and could find customers
for them, we would be so rich that we
could buy the whole world and take
flyers in all the speculative property
on the sun, moon and stars and still
have money to burn.
Jiew Tort's Composite Personality.
Mrs. Schuyler Van Rensselaer contributes
to the Contury a paper entitled
"Places in New York," in which
she gives a picture of interesting
phases of life in the New World metropolis.
Mrs. Van Rensselaer says:
More than seventy-six per cont. of
those who people New York to-day
were born of foreign mothers; more
than forty per cent, were born on ,
foreign soil themselves ; and many of
these aliens, brought from many different
lands, continue here to live in
clusters with their own kin after their
own kind. Yet while each of these
clusters, and eaoh of their wandering j
off shoots, modifies the now world j
metropolis, all of them together do .
not destroy its cohesion, they simply
intensify its curious composite sort of
'-A? mi 1.~ n. I
perbuumiLj* xuey uia&u iv ah ***?.!.ioubly
diverse, but they leave it an entity.
They touch every portion of it
with pungent exotic flavors, but as
flavoring an American whole. They
play their several parts in a civic life
that is cosmoramic beyond the belief
of those who have not studied it well,
but they do not turn JNew York into
& cosmopolitan toT?n ; for thia means
n town which, overwhelmed by its
strangers, has lost, or has never pos
3essed, a oharacter of its own.
A Ureal Fiat!.
One of the greatest finds of treasure
ever known was that of a Russian in
the village of Starogarsilki. The man
was a resident on the estate of Prince !
Ostersby, whose ancestors were plnn- 1
tiered and expelled from their possessions
by the Tartars. Tho treasure
was probably secreted by the family
af tho fimo Tho man haii hopn crivfln '
*"v ??? ?? ~?- o I
his clew aooQehow or another, and he j
worked ten years before finding any- ;
thing. At last he came across twelve !
large boxes filled with very ancient 1
coins of fine gold, besides enormous i
stlier articles of great value. Tbe total j
ralue of the find was given at 17,000,- J
300 rubles, two-thirds of which went j
to the State and one-third to the :
Bnder, making his share about$3,000,- :
300.
Buried iu a Winding Sheet.
John Mauck, a pioneer of WashingIod,
who oast his first vote for Jackson,
died on the day before Christmas
it Oakdale, in that State, at the age of
ainety-three, and left directions that
hia body be wrapped in a winding
sheet and put in a plain pine cofiin, as
had been the usual way in his early
life.?New York Sun.
1
Practical.
/
Johnnie?"Grandpa, what did |
Washington's father do after he cut
the cherry tree?"
Grandpa?"Well, I dunno. Gueaa
he made some cough syrup out o' th'
bark."?New York Herald,
k KNOWING DOW AN1> HEN.
Fowl and St- Bernard Frolic Ijl'.ce
Two Old Chums.
Whitestone Village, snys the New
York World, contains some remarkable
animals, but the moat intelligent
one is a h age St. Bernard dog that belongs
to William Higginson, the architect,
of Fnlton street. Many strange
tales are told of the intelligence of this
dog, who answer?to the name of Duke.
Duke is beloved by the children of
the village. He escorts them to school
every morning, and waits patiently at
the school door until recess time, when
he joins in with the children in their
games. No play is pleasure unless
Duke is a participant in it.
Among Mr. Higginson's possessions
is a large flock of fancy chickons.
These are the product of on? chicken
and her mate, a large buff Cochin
rooster. The affection Duke has for
this hen is almost filial. He allows the
hen to perch on his head and then
canters arouud the yard with her.
Mi l)V)y-i \ v
BIRD AND DOC ARE CHUMS.
Whenever the hen strays off with her
progeny Duke corrals her from the
rest of the flock and drives her baok
to the yard. When night comeB the
hen roosts upon the dog's head and the
two sleep together. ,
The most remarkable thing about
Duke and the hen is that they seem to
perfectly understand each other.
When the hen begins to cackle just
previous to laying, Duke i ever leaves
her. He squats down acid with his
four teet lorms a nest, m wmcn the
heu lays her egg. Mr. Hiftginson has
refused a large sum for both the dog
and the h6n.
Novel Way of Forecastinc; Weather.
"I struck upon a plan of forecasting
the weather some time since," volunteered
a lady clerk in the Navy Department,
"and as it has never failed
me, I should have no hesitancy in
making it public. I start ofli of course,
with my own judgment, an J I add to
that the combined judgment of over a
hundred others, over nine-tenths of
whom are men. It is this way. Out
in the courts of the War, State and
Navy Department building there are
ordinarily over one hundred bicycles,,
belonging to the clerks. If it looks
4 i? _ JI * J _ t 11
10 me owners anu. riuers ui meat)
wheels in the morning that it will rain
in the afternoon, they rarely ride
down to their officer, and the resnlt ia
that there are but few bicycles in the
courts. If they think the weather will
be to.ir at the closing hour they all
ride, and the courts are, ua a conse*
quence, filled with bikes. Now, when
I want to ascertain with anything like
certainty what the weather will be at
4 o'clock and the hour or so following,
I simply look out into the courts. I
am the proud rider of a wheel myself,
and though not exactly wheel mad, I
necessarily come in contaot with other
riders, and I am in full sympathy with
them. Should a storm promise in the
middle of the day, I can discern it
without studying meteorological conditions.
other than to just look out
into the court. A coming, unlooked
for and sudden storm is indioated by
the hurry and scurry of the wheelmen
and wheel women gathering up their
machines and placing them in corners
and halls, here and there, which are
covered, so as to escape the downfall.
In the same way I can tell whether or
not it will be windv or otherwise disagreeable
in the afternoon by the
number of wheels in the court. There
is no use talkiDg. The bicycle is an
education of itself."?Washington
Star.
Diamonds Worn on Finder-Nails.
Millionaire women, says thd New
York Journal, have a new eccentricity
nrhinh t.hf v nr?=i nnitp Hnia thev can re
" ?-?J -1 ^
' / '
DIAMONDS IN I'lNGEU-NAIhS,
serve for their own exclusive use.
This new millionaire fad is to wear
diamonds on the finger-nails. The
new fashion, which cms all the priory
and prestige of an invention along
more scientific lites, demands that
women with ban: accounts long
enough to permit of this costly trilling
shall have a tiny gold cap made for
each of their lingers. From the cap
is suspended on tho outer side a big
diamond drop, which sparkles most
satisfactorily, there being one large
sparkle for each finger-nail. Of course
the sparkles are not so conspicuous as
they would be if a large number of
rings were not worn at the same time,
but society is as yet hardly ready for
the great sacrifice which th'? laying off
rings wonld entail. Some day, perhaps,
the finger-nail adornments may
be allowed to shine in undiminished
glory.
0
REALM OF STYLE, j
A i? i n. r>/\r> S X r.' 1,< % c IVf/iV If I \ I>
.iiiivivuiv wr r v/iv
1)RKSSY WONKN.
Attractions at the Opera?Winter
Amusements at Tuxedo?Some
New Costumes Seen at th*
Waldorf, rctc., lite.
(Special New York Letter.)
THE theatres and the opera are
claiming a great share of
public attention at the present
time, although it cannot
Ka *
wu ooiu tutti wc uutc aJ-?jr voxj
or very novel attractions at any of the
popular play houses just now. Nevertheless,
the New Yorkers are a great
theatre-going people, and those houses
which have attractions worthy of
patronage have certainly very litt!e
reason to complain in regard to the
size of the crowds which attend the
nightly performances. The opera, of
coarse, is always excellent, and this
season is no exception to the general
rnle. It is a great pity that Melba's
throat has given her so much trouble
as to prevent her singing any more at
present. The last opera in which I
heard Melba was "Lucia di Lammermoor,"
and never shall I forget her
magnificent rendition of the mad
scene in the last act. No other living
singer can equal it; Patti in her palmiest
days could not excel it. With a
brilliancy that defies description she
paralleled the notes of the flute, and
with consummate art reached the
highest degree of excellence of which
the human voice is capable.
Cnlve's per' ormance of'"Carmrn" is,
as it always has been, a creation?' This
wonderful woman combines probably
in a greater degree than any other
artist, the genius of both the siuger
and the actress. The simple announcement
that she will appear is sufficient
to crowd the Opera House, and without
question she is the most popular
woman on the operatic stago to-daj.
The reign of fashion for the 6eason
is now at its height, and nowhere can
this be seen to better advantage than
at one of the popular country clubs.
Tuxedo is now a blaze of glory, and
the gayoty of Fifth avenue has been
in part transferred to New York's most
popular suburban Winter Club. A
G05VN OF CADET BLUE CHEVIOT
STITCHED WITH SILK.
party of twenty-four young people,
chaperoned by Mrs. Cutting, went
down last week to spend a few days in
the enjoyment of the many winter
sports which only Tuxedo affords,
chief among which was a hunt which
took plaoe last Saturday. One of the
prettiest of the young married women
in the party was Mrs. cornenus vanderbilt,
Jr., who, with her husband,
returned from a European wedding
tour but a fow days previous. Mrs.
Vanderbilt's hunting costume may be
of interest, and a sketch of it is therefore
shown in this article. It was
made of Lincoln green corduroy,
lined with a bine and green changeable
taffeta. The short skirt allowed
great freedom of movement, and the
nobby coat was a perfect example of
the tailor's art. The costume litted
her trim figure to perfection. Her
boots were of soft green ooze leather
and were mt.de with the now fashionable
Berlin toe. Pointed shoes, by
Innnroi- arnm Til Air
mimm
COSTUME OF CANVAS CLOTH.
day is oyer, and we are coming back
to tho comfortable, and, I think, far i
more sensible round toe.
One of the votfug ladies of the^HBj
' norfti itTAtia a + w mtvlimh Tin^An^^rJ
vj " uiu a vv^vuutu n utvu UMMWM-IW
edly bore the stamp of Jfaris. It iraa
MRS. VATOERBH/r's HTTNTOW OOSTTJMB.
made of a wood-brown unfinished
worsted, and the short jacket waa
handsomely trimmed with a heavy
brown braid. This modern Diana, b_y
tbe way, while not very successful in
filling her hunting bag, nevertheless
secured more than her share of the
spoils, for before she returned to the
TAILOR-MADE SUIT SEEN AT
THE WALDORF.
metropolis she had won the affections
01 a prominent young meinoer or *
European Embassy who was one of
the party, and an engagement whioh
will be of interest to eooiety in New
York, Washington and Vienna will
soon be announced. ' j
I saw some very pretty costumes in
the Winter Garden of the Waldorf recently.
Some of the best groomed
women in the city congregate here on
pleasant afternoons, and many a stunning
gown can be seen. One tailormiide
suit which I saw was made of
cadet blue cheviot and stitched with
silk to match. Another charming
costume, fashioned somewhat in the
cutaway style, was developed in illuminated
serge in shades of brown and
green and had a dainty green velvet
collar. I am told that the illuminated
sergo wil' be very popular for early
spring wear. They are being worn a
great deal in Paris and they certainly
make up very effectively. A third
gown worthy of notice was made
double-breasted and neatly finished
with some tine pearl buttons. Thin
costnme was developed in a stem
green canvas oloth. Over it was worn
a short cape of sealskin trimmed with
chinchilla, the delicate fluffinesa of
which set off to advantage the wearer's
beautiful face.
The costumes illustrated herewith
were designed by The National Cloak
Co., of New York.
Queer Euglish Advertising.
Some curious advertisements are
frequently seen in London, as witness
the sign erected by a merchant over
his door, which displayed in large and '
vividity colored letters the following ,
legend: "Aunual sale now on. Don't
go elsewhere to be cheated?come in
here." An English newspaper recently
contained the following: "Respect- |
able widow wants washing Tuesdays," ,
while Mr. JBrown, a furrier, "begs to i
announce that he will make gowns,
capes, etc., for ladies out of oheir own
skins." '
About Finger Nails.
The Japanese have some curioiie j
ideas about their finqcr nails. One of j
them is to the effect that they must 1
not be cut before starting on a jour- 1
nev, lest disgrace befall the person
before he reaches his destination.
Neither should they be cut at night,
lest cat's claws should grow out. To ,
throw nail parings into the fire is to '
invite some great calamity. If, while
trimming the nails, a piece should fall |
in the lire, the person will soon die. j '
km,
wm
m
Br
I rDAY
Bloaght
of thos*
the setting sun
but days began?
nrifh afnrr?v! vaiwiaI
r
Wise haa^^^^Hliat mode to keep?
To say tlS^Bth, like sunset, bring?
A source ancWot an end of things,
A now day opening with a 3leep.
?G. W. Wood.
PITH AND POINT.
? .
The luck which has pursued mo <
Of lata has been so dire,
I think the wheel of Fortune
Must have a punctured tire. *
?Puck.
Colonel?"Shall yon go South for
the winter, Mias Bay?" Mies Bay?
"Oh, dear, no! I shall go Sonth to
get rid of it, don't you know."?New
York Journal.
He (angrily)?"Was there any fool
sweet on yoa before I married yon?"
She?"Yes, one. "i n sorry you rejected
him." "Bat I didn't reject
him; 1 married him."?Dublin Freeman.
Borgeus?"Say, Fred, can't you
lend me $10? I shall have some money
coming in the last of next week." Gilgal?"Very
well, we'll wait until the
ia9t of next week."?Boston Transcript
Mrs. Turnbull?"It's too bad your
husband cut off his flowing beard."
Mrs. Crimple?"Yes; he had to do
it. I gave him a diamond scarf pin
for a birthday present.Fliegende
Blaetter.
He?"So you have ambitions?" She
?"Yes, decidedly. I want to solve
eome important problem." "Well,
you just study out how to bring up *
family on fifteen dollars a week and
we'll ?et married."?Life.
"Do you think they will allow as to
scorch ia the nest world?" asked the
bioycle crank. "Some of you will get,
a permit, sure," anawered hia littfc L y.
wife, who had long been jealoas of hi?^%
wheeL?Detroit Free Presa.
- "I shall hold him in sweet remembrance,"
said the potentate of Bwkplow
He could hardly haye done otherwise.
Even at home the young micaionary ;]
had been spoken of aa one of excellent .. $
taste. ?Cincinnati Enquirer.
My heart she surely might have had?
I asked thrice?no more;
She's grown so fast I'm mighty glad
I didn't make it (oar.
?Cleveland Plain Dealer.
"I'm only twelve, sir," said she, as
she tried to make herself look aa small
as possible. "Bat. you are altogether
too lovely to be taken for only haft
fair," replied the conductor s? ho
smiled upon the pretty face.-"-The
Kentucky Colonel. ?>
I Robert?"But why are you so eer- '
tain that you will happily with Mias
Browni ? You have not been muoh in
u
UCi UUUlJL/UUJ | uubtrinuovauuiug j viu
engagement to her." Richard?"No,
I've been more sensibly employed. X
have been studying the temperament
and peculiarities of her mother."?
Boston Transoript
She?"I don't see what reason yon -i j
have for expecting anything bnt a refusal,
I never gave you any encouragement."
He (just rejected)?"Oh,
Miss Qotrox?Maud! You did?you
most oertainly did greatly entourage
me! You told me you were worth
two hundred thousaid dollars in your
own name." -Tit-Bi a.
Two or three young women wno are
interested in art were discussing the
other. "Did you ever see anything
like the color of her cheeks?" "And
yet some men admire them. One said
to me the other evening that they
looked just like peaches." "The idea!
What did you answer?" "I said that
he was probably right; that Mamie
was noted for being good at still-life
studies."?Washington Star.
^
While the Candle Burns.
We are all familiar with the fast
?hat a candle Darns. cut pernapa
there are many persons who have ,r
never realized jnst why it barns and
tbat a certain degree of heat is necessary
in order to consume the cylinder
of wax or tallow of whioh the candle
is made. In the Arctic regions can Ilea
will not burn satisfactorily at or below
a temperature of thirty-five degrees
C. The reason for this is that
the surrounding atmosphere is so cold
that the flame is insufficient to melt
enough of the material for its own
subsistence. The feeble heat can do
little more than melt out a tubular
space around the wick, therefore the
flame is small and weak, and sometimes
fails together. The light, enclosed
in a small glass vase, works better,
as the temperature is somewhat
raised by being eo confined and enough
wax melts to supply the flame.?The
Ledger.
Jammed Fingers. .
Few people have escaped jammed
tfnorora. and as the pain caused when
o---? *
the linger is jammed in a door is ex?
oruciating in the extreme for the first
few minutes, it is well to know of soma
means of reliof. The finger should be
plunged into water as hot as it oan
be borne. This application of hot
water causes the nail to expand And
soften, and the blood pouring out
beneath it has more room to flow; .
thus the pain is lessened. The finger
shoald then be wrapped in a bread
and water poultice. A jammed finger
should never be neglected, as it may
lead to mortification of the bone if it
has been badly crushed, and amputation
of the finger must follow. Jammed
toes are usually caused through the
falling of heavy weights, and should
be treated in the same way as
jammed finger.
A Famous Kentucky Dwarf.
Tho Covington (Ky.) Post tells ok
;he death of a famous Kentucky dwarf:
"Mary Eliza Morford, daughter of
Vic. Samuel Morford, died at her parents'
residence, 331 Elm street, Newport,
Wednesday night. Miss Morford
,vas credited with being the smallest
tvoman in the world. She was twentyaine
years of age, three feet four
nohes in height and tipped the scales
it fifty pounds. She had been on exhibition
iu every large city in the
United States."
Submarine Telegraph Work.
It take* thirty-seven specially conducted
and equipped steamers t*
seep tha submarine telegraph cablesof
;he world in repair. ?Philadelphia
Ledger.