Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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i ... : :v|i ' '^ The Abbeville Press and Banner. I B = . ?:=?= _ g? BY HUGH WILSON. ABBEVILLE, S. C., WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1894. ESTABLISHED 1844 1 DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOUTH. In (creating Historical Facta In Ref? ercnee to the Land Which we Love No Well. The recent convention or the Southern l>eve opraent Association In thlsclty hnn awaken ed a great Interext In the affairs of i he south, and brought to Itgnt Indisputable lactH and Azures which have astouished the country and even the South itself. The purpose ul this convention was to organize a permanent exposition of Southern Industries, and to consider inethoda of attracting capital and Immigration to that section. some of the facts concerning the progress and development of Southern industries and their future possibilities, gathered from this convention and various magazine articles, m>iy prove of Interest to your reuders. In order to thoroughly appreciate the Soutb's wonderful strides of progress, it will be well to consider the condltlous prior to and Just aiter the war. When we speak of the development oi the South, the meaning conveyed to tbe rest of tht> world Is that the repeut progress and development of that section' Is somethluv new. brought abouteutirely by foreign money and enterprise. That Is as onlusl as It Is untrue. We only need to investigate a little to And that progress and enterprise In the South Is no t<te condition, bat nas existed since its history began, and that she was abreast ol the times In all business interests before the and th?t achievements she has made In bulldfbg up great lnduxtrlee from that time to ibis Is due toSoutbern brains and money. Value of foreign tapltal and the Immigration Into ber border* of all good people, regard leas of political distinction, are not to be depreciated, but It is only Just to lnsi?t that the Soulb shall receive (be measure of credit due it tor the MOeompllineotM of Its people. It wax they who "blazed out tbe path to prosperity" when shrouded In gloom trom theclose of the war to 1876. It was they who Ural attempted enterprises and demonstrated to tbe world ihe profitableness 01 tbem. When Southern men bad bullded tbe Iron furnace* of Birmingham and founded the busIneiw Interests of Atlanta, It was then, not until tben, tbat Northern capital became interested lu tbe South. The people of tbat section bave uever lacked energy and enterprise. They bave been in the Jront In politics, war,science, literature and busluess undertakings since ll:e formation- of this government. The recoid* prove this. It is true tbat Just .after tbe war they seemed to lack energy, but it was because tbe masses lacked the opportULll v to piove their energyThere was wo-k ior scarcely hull ot the population; agriculture was the only work a' most: wot urn-was the only crop for which a market oould be had; market* could not be foond for other farm products; there was no work for mechanics and day laborers generally, because there was an eutire absence of work of tiila character at ibis time In the South. But with tbe development ot manure.-tore* there came a ereat change. Tbe peo pie fouud employment aud clearly demon si rated that they only needed a cliam-e to prove their energy. One of the greatest blessings. that industrial activity bas'jrought jotbeHputh Is tiiat new work In beli:s;created for tbousauda or Idle hands, and t .e latent energy of the people bag been atlmu.ated Into Activity. But to understand the South In Its business relation* It la necessary to atudy its business fcUtory before the war brought absolute poverty. The Southern Slates prior to I960 devoted far more attention to manufacturing tbau l? generally known. Early In the eighteenth century the Southern colonies became lutere"ted Id Iron making. Maryland, Virginia, the Carolina* and Georgia produced?for t hose days? large quantities of high grade Iron. Mr Jua.Swank la his History of Iron in All Age>aaytf that "Tne people who built these Iron furnaces were iio: only bo:d and enterprising but they appear to have been born with a genius for frou n> king. The enterprise of these early Iron workers assumes a plctuesque aspect when viewed in oonneotlon with the primitive methods of manufacture which were employed by them. It is a curious fact that these daring men fonnded an iron Industry which stllVretains many of Its primitive features." Snob were the pioneers of iron In tbe South. (Some of these furnaces were located In York and Spartanburg in 1810.) According to the census of 1810 tbe Carolina* and Georgia manufactured products exceeding in value all tbo?e of New England. 'rK? tif?nth?rn f!?l(iiilM ware also making tridea in other directions Will) the introduction of' tbe coiton gin lu i;i*>, the cotton crop^Jumped from two million pounds In 1790 40 ten million wound* In 17W. and to forty gnillfon pounds m 1SOO, while In 1820 (be yelld wait one hundred sod sixty million pounds With the prices or this coitou ranglug Iroin 118 to 40 cents a pound lor forty years, from 4800 to 1839, we can not wonder at the dlspoel iloo of the people of the South to devote their efforts to cotton cultivation to tbe exclusion of industrial enterprises. The low prioes ol cotton in 1819, however, brought about a revival of Interest in other pursuits, and tbe natural tendency of this people to industrial matters Is evldenoed in tbe marked growtb In Southern railroad and manufacturing interests during' tbe decade ending with 1860 Tbere was uo decline, however, in tbe agrl cultural progress which whs makiug tbe Souttroneof lur richest agricultural sections of tbe world. in 1850 tbe South had miles of railroad and tbe New Eugiand and Middle State* bad 4798 miles; by 1800 the South Incie&sed It* mileage to W97 miles while the New Enkltnd and Middle Stales had increased to only ?510 The increase lu population In tbe South during this decade was 24 per cent, and In the New Englaud and Mladie States it was 42 per cent., yet in that time the South Increased her railroad mileage 819 per ueat., and tbe Mew fcugland and Middle Hi* tea only 234 per cent., showing that the Souib with less population wai building more railroad* than lue real 01 J.he couQtry. I While devoting great attention to railroad* the South made rapid progri-sa lu diversified fnand&ictures. Flour ami meal made there ia i860 wbb worth $24,0U0,0o0 and lucreased to . 445,000,000 worth In 1800. Sawed and planed lumber was worth $10,000,000 In 1850 and 120,iOOo^OO in 1M0. In Iron toundlng it increased from IS,000 000 worth to $4.00o,010 worth. Manulacture of cotton ulso doubled the amount invested In 1850. A study of these Ogures should convlnoe anyone that the South was wide awalce at that time. Tills is only a enia lpariof the evldenoe available tooonclusl\eiy piove that there-was great energy and enterprise in the Southern people before the war, Ouly by such corn oar I ho us at these can the loss of the Houth by Ibe war be e?llii)aled. Contrast the Houth of IfetW with the South ot 1805. In one case we see a proeperouii country Increasing In wealtb, adding over $i.0OJ,u0u,00o to tbe value of Its farms In ten years; npend ing 9W0,000,000 in the extension of railroads; 9X5,000,000 on' Increase ol agricultural Implements; and ralllionwln bauksaud fautoiles. in tbe other case we see tbe end of a most disastrous war, which bad brought death to thousands of the S^uth's best sttizens and pread desolation and poverty over It* entire k..?.?aik> f oKa? ivoi Huhimpu 11fnllnVMl by political misrule and debauchery of .stale government by Negroes and unscrupulous white*. The census of 1870 showed a decline In the Assessed valueol property In the Booth since 1880 ot ft,(NO,000,000 and reconstruction caused another decrease of $300,000,000 between 1870 aud 1880. This was not ail tue loan to the people of the South by the war. In the aggregate, war debt and personal losses included. Ji waa a 95,000,000.000 loss. It la bard to comprehend these figures. This ?uui i*aa great aa the capital of all the National banns In the UulUid States aud greater than tbe capital Invested in manufactures. From auch a blow as this, followed by still further decline during reoouatructlou days, the South could not be expected to rally rapidly. Tbe whole world waa against It. and it waa oot lentil 1880 that some of tbe Southern State* began to revive. With such conditions as theae before us. we must atudy the record of progress made by the South since 1880 and compare results with tbe North and West. To have predicted In J880 tbat the next ten or twelve years would ?]?*velope the agricultural, railroad and manubcturiog interests of the South more rapid ty tuny mo WUUinr OI> l?I|C, wwuim u??v ucou deeuidd abaurb. But this Is a fact. If ibis , huti been accomplished, despite the difference |a conditions aince 1880, wbo shall aet the jiteasure of progress during the coming ten year*. Id IjW) the South bad $7,600,000,000 of real .and personal property, a Utile over one-slxlb -of the total for tbe country. From 1880 to 189J there was an Increase of (3,800,000,000 lu tbe . value of tbe South'* properly agaiust W.OOO,iXtOOOO In the New England and Middle JJtates combined, tbe percentage In the former, however, being 50 per eeuL against M per cent. In the latter. Although tbe Sontb Is still without greal wealth, her people have turned, since 1880, u .manufacturing w|tb a facility wblch show that they are in do way lacking In capability jo compete with the country. The questlm with the Pennsylvania Iron maker 1b now whether he can successfully compete with Ai abami, whereas a decade ago the questlor .was quite tbe reverse. No one uow doubti jxiat tbe South can compete with New EDg ' i ' land It) the mnnufactur? of cotlon goods, bu many doubt whether New England can compete with the South. The latest census bulletinsgive some figures which make It possible to compare the advance of the South since 1840 with thatof the rest of the conntry. The increase in the total (arm assets in the South has been 87 percent. During the s?me period, the Increase In all the other States and Territories has been 30 percent. The total value of farm products ol (he South In 1SS0 was 8680,000,000 against Si,.VjO,090.000 for the rest of the country. In 183)0 the S<tuth produced 8778,000.000, a guin or 16 per cent., while the gain in the rest of he conutry was only 8141,000.000, or 9 per rent. Ten year* aeo the value or the South's agricultural products was 8200,000,000 In ex cess of the value of Its mauuraclured products. Now fl>? manufactures lead by 8140,000,0110. in 1S80 the Sonth had 8257,241,000 Invested in manufacturing; by 1890 this had increased to $<*/),000.000, a gain of 156 per cent., while the gaiu In the rest of the country was 120 76 per cent. A lew years n(to colton seed was a waste. There are no# 3>K) mills with the aggregate capital of 8W,000,000. These mills use 1500.000 tons of seed lor which they pity $20,000,00:) nnd still the industry ({rows. Railroad mileage lias Increaspd in the Sonth since l&M, 25000 miles; since iliac time $900,000,ow) have been spent In building railroads. The true value ot property In t he South as reported by census of 1S80 whs S7,611.000,000 and by tbecenmsot 1S90 811,584,261.000, showing a gaiu ?>f S"i,8oo,i4)0.000 in real value. These are some of the figures which show the development of the South. We can only speculate as to the future of this section. Na lure has given It great advantages. some countries nave Iron and coal, some have timber, Home have good agricultural lands, some a good climate, some water nower, tome otber advantages, but no other country combines them all, aud the Sooth adds to ibem cotton. More I ban CO per cent of the world'* cotton Is rained In'the South, but Its grain crop ts more valuable, a fact which few know. More than hiilf of the standing timber of the United Stales Ik lu the Bomb. Iron and coal are abundant and can be mixed at a smaller cost here ihnu any other part of the country. The water power Is not equaled. To sum It all up, this favored land has greater resources, such as minerals, timber aud agrictritural wealth, than all otiier sections ; ana bus greater advantages for the utilization of these resources ; rivers give low freight rate, regardless of railroad combinations; a climate conducive to health and which reduces the living to the minimum. Everything here abounds, form the widest rante of agricultural growth to the widest range of manufacturing and mining diversity. ' "The next great movement of Immigration will be Southward. The conditions are favorable. All disadvantages have been removed Prejudice has disappeared and all people, re<ar?Jle*s of secllou, are beholding lu great resources. Who can doubt the future of the South." The development of the South has been wonderful In the past aud the future seems to b.?de only good for it. The "thrill of progress" Inspires lis people to greater efforts, and effort ihere means of success. "Southerner." Peitee Meeting" at Hfy?tlc. Very successful Peace meetings were held in the beautiful Peace Grove at Mystic, Conn., beginning Aug. 15th :tnd continuing three days. It was the Annual Meeting of the Connecticut brauch of the Universal Peace Union, of which Mr. Levi VV. Crouch of Norwich is president aud Mr. F. E. Whipple is* secretary. The grove iu which the meetings were held 19 owned by the society. It is "beautiful(for locution," close to the Mystic river, and about an mile from the pleasant and apparently thrivlug village of Mystic. The "convictions" of the Universal Peace Union were passed, dilating upon the- propositions: That "until human life is held so sacred and inalienable that no human authority can destroy it by legal enactments upon the scaffold or battlefield, we may expect peace to be brokeu : and we should prohibit the sale of deadly weapons. That mediation, arbitration and conciliation are competent to fettle every difficulty, and the claims of civilization aud religion are not auswered until these peace agencies be practically recognized. Thai the United States deserves high honor for inviting other governments to form international treaties of arbitration. That a war department is inconsist with government and should be supplanted by ? peace department. - That any increase of the army and navyorstate militia is unnesessary, unwise and detrimental and leading our country into military despotism. That military drilling of hoys and young men in schools and churches is fraught with gravest dangers. That the stability of our institutions and the dignity and protection of law are threatened uy the frequent lynching!'. That the workiugman should be the best peace man. In war he suffers the horrors thereof, and, after all is over, he pays the war debt. lliat the university movement for for teaching peace principles is wise, and we strongly recommend all sghools and colleges to introduce the study of arbitration.?Pacific Banner. I __ Mnxltne of Bishop 9lld<lleton. Persevere against discouragements. Keep your temper. Employ leisure in study ; and always have some work on band. Be puuctual and methodical in business, and never procrastinate. Never be in a hurry. Prtserve selfpossession ; and do not be talked out of conviction. Rise early, and be an economist of time. Maintain dignity, without the appearance of pride; manner is something with every body, and every thing with some. Be guarded in discourse; attentive aud slow to speak. Never acquiesce in immoral or pernicious opinions. Be not forward to assign reasons to those who have no right to ask. Think nothing in conduct unimportant and indifferent. Rather set, than follow example. Practice strict temperance; and in all your transactions, remember the final account. mitnM or Aa|ecuve?. The word "nice" is frequently misused aud taken from its significance of neat, delicate, dainty, to stand for agreeable, charming, or virtuous. Thus, a girl was talking to another of that decidedly objectionable member of society, a burglar, and, alluding to one in particular, a mau undergoing a sentence of imprisonment, said with emphasis: UI don't think be was a nice young man." A "nice" girl, by the way often does duty in describing a young woman who, whatever else she i may be, is more than nice if she is > gentle, good, winsome aud well bred, ; and whose uiceness ought to be taken ! for granted. ! "Lovely" in the same way is applied equally to a favorite pudding or a ; beloved relative. "First-rate" servet i as a qualifying adjective when scenery, ' fruit, clothes, a pleasant time, or?O, worst and saddest of misnomers !? - the natural appearance of a corpse art ' the topics which the speaker has in ? mind. An Opportnulty For Distinction. New York Sun. In several papers we find the subject of advertising discussed at this time more particularly on the ground mat It has special and immediate Importance in view of tbe improvement in trade expected tills autumn, which has already been brought about to a considerable extent because of the extraordinary reduction in the supply or all kinds of merchandise in the hands of dealers In all parts of this country. Whatever the general outlook of trade the sabject would have great importance. As abundance experience proves, enterprise in ibat direction receives its reward in both bad times and go >d. The most succensful advertisers are those who keep their business constantly before the public, without regard to thestateor trade. They will not allow them[selves and their business to be forgotten. Even in a time when trade Is called stagnant, ; its volume is still great. A falliug of a small percentage ot its aggregate relatively to Its amount when Ills most prosperous, creates bad times, as they are called. Even during the last year (distinguished for its depression, the transactions in the market were still enormous. The imperative dally want of seventy mllllou people make a demand which keeps business always active. The employed were many actually, but relatively to the uuinber employed, they were lew. Wa?es have been reduced in many departments of industry, but they are still high here as compared with European countries. The striking Jews of the sweating shops have got poor payforthe<r work, but In ail their synagogues they have offered up a special prayer of thanksgiving because their condition here Is bo much better Ltaau Id Russia. Every Sab* bath (bey have thanked God tlxat He bad led them to tbe promised land. Theconsumptlon or tbe populatiuQ per bead Is much greater tiei e tbao lu any country of Europe. Botb the mechanic aud tbe common laborer are accustomed to dally luxuries unknown by sucu workingmen tbere. The shops In tbe poor quarters of toe towu, tbe grocers' aud the butchers', are supplied with a variety ol food about as great as that iu tbe richest neighborhoods. Nowhere else In the world does the advertiser or any and all sorts of merchandise appeal to so vast a multitude of possible customers as here. The number of people who bave accumulated a competence or who are In business or hold salaried placet which render them wh>lly or largely Independent or adverse trade conditions, so lar as the satisfaction of their luxurious tastes Is concerned, grows steadily. Saratoga, for luslance, was never more crowded than last mouth, and all ol the visitors must have been people of this general sort. At other watering places there were crowds as great proportionately to tbe past. In ibis country t>e demand for the wares of the merchant is always far greater relatively to the population than lu ine richest European states. Hence here be Is surer of larger profits 11 be succeeds in winning distinction for bis enterprise. UudoubteUly the first way of gaining that distinction Is to merit tbe confluence of the purchasing public aud to discern its needs aud tastes; but it cannot be secured without also calling ibe attention of me public to tbe uuslness so conducted. Tbe merchant's place of business must be known. He must put up bis sign, and in many departments of trade ue must make au active display of bis wares in bis windows. He must establish blmscll in a situation eligible lor buyers. He must have enough attendants to wait upon hlB customers; but If be wants a large trade, made up not merely of casual customers who chance to pass bis place ol business, but of those w ho are attracted to itasa distinguished bouse, be must first of all advertise in tbe papers. By such advertising be raises bis ilen where 11 will be seen oy all the people, and itjUM Ue makes his business known to millions when otherwise be would be known to a few ouly. Tbe development of tbe morderu newspaper during tbe Jam fllty years more especially bus done more lor public enlightenment generally tban any otber means of diffusing knowledge. Itlms occurred simultaneously wltb tbe spread of education, to which It owes Its Impulse. Tbe readers of newspapers now comprise practically tbe whole population for Illiteracy, proportionately trifling in ibis couutry, is lust pasting away altogetbor. Hence tbe opportunity lor auvertiHlng business furnished by a great newspaper is one of the most valuable features of our advanced civilization. It enables the trader to make bis name and wares familiar to tbe whole publio far and near. As a consequence many mercantile houses In New York distinguished lor their loug and persistent advertising in such newspapers are us well known to people in all parts of the United States as the most conspiclous of the public buildings of tbe town. They have made their.numes famous by that means, and bave won for themselves a distinction as wide as that ol men the most prominent In publio life. They are recogulzed ^everywhere as leaders in their trade. Tnat Is a great opportunity, aud It Is before every enterprising dealer. Because In many nouses, wbo*e names were unknown a tew years ago outside of a small circle of customers wbo sought this Utile shop, are now centres of a great trade, celebrated throughout the Union. Two Wsyi. As we write there comes to our mind a delicate, "nervous, fretty child of about two years, who for monthB, uight after night, received a spanking to make him lie down and go to sleep. We have thought, while visiting in the family, and hearing the little fellow sobbing himself to sleep, could not this be prevented if only the mamma or nurse girl bad a little more tact in managing the child ? In contrast to this, let us cite another case: Some time since we were privileged to be in the home of a conscientious mother, who nevergave way au inch, and yet exhibited great tact in the peaceful management of ber little flock. We were in the nursery when baby's bed-time arrived. Usually the child went quietly and happily into her crib, but this particular night, for some uuknown reason, she commenced whining and declaring she didn't waut to go to bed, as ail babies sometimes will. The wise mother took no notice of either word or tone, but quickly and quietly slipped off a liny shoe and threw it across the room, saying at the same time, in the most animated manner, "Why, see how baby's shoe can jump!" In a second the other shoe bad followed in like manner. By this time baby was interested to see if the stockings, too, could jump. In au incredibly short space of time all the little clothing had jumped across the room, and baby, having forgotten all about not wanting to go to bed, found she, loo, could jump right into her crib. She laid her golden head on her pillow, aud was asleep in ten minutes. All this took much less time and nerve on the part of the mother than to have subdued the baby either by reasoning or spanking, aud certainly there was an advantage gained Sn 4-ltu# tKu little nna urAtlf fa ulaarv tifitkl I LI lliab IUC It Vvlv U1IC TTtUl IV n 1UU quiet nerves and a smile on her lips, rather than a turbulent heart and a tear-staiued face. We ci?e the above on account of its simplicity, hoping it may serve as an illustration of what we mean when we say, Make it easy fur baby to mind.?Clara Hamilton Heed, in Home Guardian, t Fhj'h to be Acrurnle ! "I beg your pardon," said a hashfu young lady to a gentleman who had just been introduced, and who?e name she had not caught in the confusion of the moment. "I beg your pardon but how do you spell your name?" "S-m-i-t-h," he replied, with some i surprise. Forget the disagreeable people whoa* , talk poured vinegar into your spirit. 1 No one is useless in this world whc lightens the burden of another. County Teachers' Institute. Abbbevlile. S. C, Sept. 10. Editor Press and Banner: Tlie fourth annual session of tbe Teachers' Institute for Colored Teachers of Abbeville County, convened In the chapel room of the colored Graded School building. The exercises opened with singing. Prayer by J. B. Beck. The conductor, Prof. J. E. Wallfice, of Columbia, S. C., In a few pointed remarks, expressed bis pleasure at meeting the teachers of Abbeville again, lie also asked the teachers to feel themselves at home In the Institute, and to spare no effort In trying to make I the session a profitable aud interesting one? to come prepared to work. Tbe following organization was then effected: Recording Secretary?J. G. Lae. Corresponding Secretary?J. B. Beck. Committee on Arrangements?J. B. Beck, J. G. Lee and Miss Anna M. Brown. On motion of Mr. J. G. Lee tbe hour of opening was fixed at 10 a. ra., to adjourn at 3 p. m., allowing an intermission of thirty minutes for recess. The work ol the Institute opened with Methods on Long Division. By means of what is known as the "product method"?ibat is. the developing of several products by multiplying the given divisor by tbe digits from one to nine. It was showu how clear tbls work which is generally so Intricate for chll dren, can be made. Tbe method was not only a new one, but was also very Interesting and suggestive. Institute then took a short recess. At 1: 80 p. m. tbe Institue re-assembled. Teachers were asked to come prepared to recite proverbial quotations, Biblical or otherContributions for the question box were also solicited. Tbe conductor here took occasion to warn teachers against the excessive use of meth IMID. IliO UiCllJUU in IJUUU, UUb lb picouppuoto the ability and preparation of the teacher to UHe tbe (tame, and to adept it to the condition of his class. It should not be used as to become mechanical and monotonous. On Tuesday a short review of the prevlons day's work was bad, after wbicb Arithmetical Analysis engaged the attention of the institute. 4.fter showing the unit to be the basis of <41 mathematical calculations, it was shown bow clearly tbe principle, tbat we must reason to the unit and from tbe unit, can be developed. We may proceed in any problem to reason from many to oue, or from one to many, but never from many to many. Through this mode of aualysiB many of the most Intricate problems were simplified and clearly demonstrated. Miss Auna M. Brown whs then presented to the Institute, who gave some valuable hints on tenobing language and numbers In tbe primary grades. Geography wus then taken up by Prof. Wallace. He staled tbe purpose or end to to wblch tbe study of geography should tend. The child should be able to use and comprehend the map with respect to longitude, time, distance, climate, Ac. He should also know something of the various occupations adapted to different sections ot our country and wby. Give object lessons wherever possible In teaching tbe shapes of tbe continent, island, penensular and other natural divisions of lana. Many instructive points were brought out which will not bo forgotten. Rev. D. T. McDanlel of Newberry was Introduced, who; In a few brief remarks, expressed pleasure at finding such a noble work going on at this point. The work ot tbe Iustltute opened on Weduesduy with Denominate Numbers. Practical work was Insisted on in this denortmont Tpanh thanhiirl hnu? in WPltrh measure, and how to change money, Ac. Ml?8 M. N. Pinckuey here gave some very excellent devices on leaching language in the primary grades. History was next taken up. Teaohers were urged to so Impart Instruction In this branch as to arouse the luterest of the child. Teach why wt study history. Tench characters; and bow certain actions in the lives of men have made them either famous or con temp table. Teachers should also avoid the practice of requiring the pupils to memorize every little date, also to guard agalnBt the equally evil practice of verbalinx et literatim memorizing of the lesson text at the expense of original reproduction and the use or maps, which should always be used in teaching history. Civil Government was treated with much benefit and Interest to those attending on Thursday. The reading exercise was then oonducted with such criticism as la necessary to be used in schools. Friday, being the lost day of the Institute session, the exercises were of a varied nature. Many subjects were taken up by request. Among those considered were the (J rube method and protective tariff; Mr. W. W. Fisher then gave some profitable information on money orders and other postal work, that will be of intrinsic value In mailing letters. Mr. A. E. Templeton, Clerk of Board of Education, was Introduced and gave a few words of encouragement to the teachers. He said that he bad always been interested in the education of the colored people, which was evidenced both by bis past and present work. He also spoke of the plan now on loot to conduct a colored graded school In the town of Abbeville, which he hoped would succeed. Prof. Wallace then, In a very Impressive manner, delivered his parting words to the teachers. He exported them to be fait hfnl In the performance of their duty. Whether the salary be a good one or not, remember there a MiBfl fH fr\f faithful luliAi* Tho oouui/tri was Indeed a profitable one. Tbe methods presented were excellent, aud as a whole the session wan the best ever held here. Oji Tnursdav and Friday nights excellent programmes were carried out. Rev. Thoe. Amos made a soul-stirring address on the teacher, his preparation and worn. Tiie excellent acrostlo used by blm will be always resorted to by the thoughtful teacher. An able paper on theSclenoe and History of Education was rendered by Mrs. E V. O. Williams. T!te8ubjecl was treated in a manner characteristic of the woman?thoughtfully aud creditably. Other es.says uud addresses were had which were interesting. Tne lollowing resolutions were offered : Whereas, the past week has been one of untold profit to us as teachers, and Whereas, the work, lu the presentation of clear and correct principles, and most improved methods, by our efficient conductor, Prof. J. E. Wallace, hHS been such In instruction and interest as it has never before been ours to euloy. ltesolved, That we, the teachers of Abbeville County, In body assembled, do tender a rising vote of thanks to him for bis worthy effort#. Resolved further, That we retain a warm in mir hearts for him. and that one whose efforts are bo untiring iu the upbuilding of bis people shall always And a hearty welcome Id our raldsl. Could the youth, to whom the flavor of the first wine is delicious, look upon my desolation, could he but feel the body of death with which I cry hour* ly, it were enough to make him dash the sparkling beveruge to the earth in all the pride of its mantling temptation.?Charles Lamb. Bless God for starlight and he will give you moonlight ; praise him for moonlight and he will give >011 hunligbt; thank him for sunlight and you shall yet come to that land where tbey need not the light of the sun, for the Lord God giveth them light forever and ever.?Spurgeon. Be praised, not for your ancestors, but for your virtues. Bertha: "Sometimes von annear really manly, and sometime* you are absolutely eflemine. How do you account for it ?" Harold : "I suppose it is hereditary. Half my ancestors were males and the other half females." "In the midst of a battle the general saw a man running from a very close situation. 'What are you running for?'demanded tlie disgusted general , in a stern voice. '.Sure, general,' said the fleeing man, 'I'm running because I can't fly." Onenight Jennie was aroused by the alarm of fire. Khe jumped out of bed, and rau to the window. The ground being covered with snow, the ruddy light of the flre was reflected with 5 striking eli'ect. She clapped her hands gleefully, exclaiming, "Oh, come, > Annie, *se<Wiow beautiful all out doors i is blushing !" i i A Wayworn Preacher. | A parody on the "Wayworn Traveler." by "Gulliver,'?Rev. J. W. Hill, of the 'IVxhs Christian Advocate?sang during the excur Mod on tbe Mississippi river amid great applause, and published by tbe request of a number of members and visitors to the General Conference.] I saw a wayworn preacher In seedy garments clad, Holding down tbe stationIt seemed that be was sad. His pocket-book was empty? Provisions nearly gone? But he shouted as he tramped around? "Deliverance will con Chorus?Then paims of victory, etc. Tbe summer sun was shining, The sweat was on bis face, His step of early morning, Had quickened to a pace, But tbe people even grumbled Because he would not run. Still he shouted as he visited, "Deliverance will coine." Chorus?Then palms, etc. I saw him In the evening The sun was bending low; He had that tired feeling, His step was very slow ; But as be dragged iflu weary llmt>n Toward his humble home. He shouted joua, hobbhuh : "Deliverance will conoe." Chorus?Tben palms, etc. He went to bed at twelve o'clock, But he could not go to sleep, For bis wife bad eald for breakfast They bad not much to eat: But. when they rose Dexl morning With a heart so sad and sore, He found a ham of bacon Aud some flour at tbe door. Cborus?Tben palms, etc. < The Conference was a-co mint on, The salary was behind; He bad no clothing fit to wear. i Which weighed upon bis mind, But tbe day before he started, Tbe ladies rigged blm out In a brand new suit for Conference, i Which inude our preacher shout. Chorus?O, palms, etc. The Conference ground out business Along from day today, ( Till the time came lor appointments And tbe Bishop bad bis say. Our preacher listened dally To see where he would fall; He war made presiding elder, And that atoned for all! Chorus?Now palms, etc. Slate Rank and ProdnetH. { Colorado is tint in silver. Washington is eighth in gold I Alaska rauks first in tealskius. i Utah is third in silver aud tenth in I ?i.I i 10 Dops, niDin 111 pouuoep. Louisiana is first ill sugar, third iu i rice and seventh in cotton. I West Virginia is fifth iu coal, eighth i in buckwheat aud irou. < New Humphire ia third ia cotton goods and fifteenth in potatoes. < Kansas is fifth in cattle and corn, i ninth in hogs, horses and coal. Georgia exports every year over $1,000,000 worth of watermelons. I New Mexico annually sends outnear- ' ly $10,000,000 in bullion. Arkansas in cotton stauds fifth, in < mules ninth, in lumber twelfth. i If the enjoyments which you permit yourselves are such that the thought of parsing time and eteruity presents itself as au intrusive thought, which has no business there, which is out of C lace and incongruous; if there is left ehiud a craving for excitement; which can only be slacked by more and more I intense excitemeut, then it is at your own peril that you say : "All is left open to me, and permitted." Unwordly you must become,ordie. Dare not to say ; "This is only a matter of opinion . . Remember that worldliness is a more decisive test of a man's spiriturl state than even sin. Sin may | be sudden, lhe results of temptation, | without premeditation, yet afterward | hated, repeuted of, repudiated, forsaken. But if a man be at home ill the world's pleasures and pursuits, contented. . . if they could but lust forever, is not hisstiite, genealogy, and ' character clearly stamped V?The Rey. j F. W. Robertson. I FoRterluK (be SavaKe In the Young;. By B. o. Flowek. [Published by permission of Editor Flower of "The Arena," Boston, Maes., In tbe August number of which magazine the article ap' peared.?Ed. C. N.] The work of fostering the savage spirit i.T the minds of the very young has not been confined to the church; indeed we might say that the church, instead of holding steadfastly to the high ideal of Jesus, allowed herself to hearken to the words of short-sighted thinkers and drift with the current of o rinlintr whfnh Koa nf IfttP hp M O^VVIVU pvtav I f nuivu IIMU V? #W?V eoine more and raore apparent with each successive administration. The introduction of military training into the common schools of America mark- , ed the triumph of the military spirit of despotic Europe over the long-cherished traditions of the republic. Not sat- 1 isfied with teaching the manual of arms iu the colleges, . which ' should be dedicated to peace and true civilization, the high schools have come ; under the curse of this blunting, soulshrivelling influence of war, and so cunningly has thisspirit of savagery been fostered that the lower schools ( are now threatened with its infection. ' We are told that the administration looks with favor on enlargingtbe scope of military ihstruction ; and ex-Pres- , ident Harrison, not to be outdone, allows the admonitions of his acknowledged Lord aud Master to be forgotten ' in bis desire to win the favor of capi- , talism and the Grand Army, by exclaiming, "It is good for the boys, ; good for the schools and good for the eon n try." On the 18th of May there passed unfler mv winHnwo A niorht whifth guui. Montana is fourth in silver, lifih in I gold. I Florida is third in sugar and sixth in rice. < Idaho is sixth in gold and seventh in i silver. < Nevada is eighth iu corn and ninth 1 in rye. MinneHota is fourth iu wheat, eighth I in oats. j Vermont is fourth in copper and 1 seventh in hops. j Rhode Island is second in cotton i and linen goods. Nevada Is second in gold and fourth < in silver. < The two Dakotas lead all the states I iu wheat. South Carolina leads in rice, is fifth j in cotton. I Wyoming is twelfth iu cattle and l fourteenth Tn gold. i New Mexico is eighth in silver ana seventh in gold. Oregon is seventh in fisheries and I fifteenth in wheat. Delaware is the twenty-first of the i States in apples. i Maine is fifth in buckwheat, eighth < Virginia is nrsc id peanuts, secouum tobacco and eight in salt. Tennessee is second in peanuts, third 1 in live stock, ninth in cotton. New Jersey is first iu silk manufactures and zinc, fourth iu iron, sixth in buckwheat and seventh in rye. Connecticut has oU,(>0rt farms. The tobacco product in 1880 was 14,000,000 | pounds. North Carolina is first in tar, second J in copper, third in peanuts, fourth in < ricr. i Arizona is flftb in silver, eighth In ' sheep and live stock, and ninth in gold 1 product. l Florida produces over 50 varietlea of i the orange. The annual crop is about 2,250,000 boxes. Kentucky is first in tobacco, fourth < in whiskey, sixth in hogs, eighth in i rye and mules. * Alabama is fourth in cotton, fifth in < molasses, sixth in sugar, seventh Id lice, tenth in coal. i Mississippi is second in cottou, fifth in rice, sixth in horses and mules, and ! seventh in sugar. i Massachusetts is first in fisheries, 1 second in commerce, third in manufactures and printing. Indiana is third in wheat, fourth in corn and bogs, seventh iu cattle and railways, eighth in coal. Texas is first in cattle and cotton, i second in sugar, sheep and mules, seventh in cows, eighth in hogs. Idaho produces 1,500,000 bunhels of ' wheat, $1,000,000 worth of fruits and 2,000,000 pounds of wool. Connecticut leads in clocks, is third In silk manufactures, fourth in cotton i mills and eighth in tobacco. i saddened me for many days. It wa9 the spectacle of more than twelve hundred lads, ot from twelve to nine- J Leen years of age, parading in full uniform, all bearing guns. They were headed by a band which discoursed : popular military air9. The little street , gamins looked' enviously upon the boys clad in blue, with brass buttons, bearing standards aod marching to ! military music. I do not see how~any 1 thoughtful person) could have looked * upon tbe spectacle without feeling that tbe hands on tbe dial of civiliza* lion were being put back. To the lover of peace, to the truly s civilized man and woman, to tbe high- { mined patriot, such spectacles are sad- ' lening beyond expression. They re- 1 teal the fact that, after our country 1 liad reached the point where she had s by arbitration shown the other a ^reat powers of tbe world a nobier J way of settling disputes than by ? awakening tbe instincts of the savage ' in man, aud just at the proud moment when it seemed that tbe flower of en- 8 Juring peace was about to blossom up- s an tbe breast of the great republic, we ? find the cry going forth, to transform * her from the world's harbinger of 1 peace into a military camp; ana that 1 this may be effectively done, we find I that our boys in the common schools < ire being trained in the savage art of ' war. f Every careful student of human life ' knows that the ideals and thoughts I which All the horizon of childhood ' color all after life. If during the for- < [native period the ideals which till the > child's mind be essentially noble humane, if he be taught that bis mission ? is to help subuue toe savage iu mau, to transform swords into ploughshares I and spears into pruning hooks, or in nther words, to become a saviour of life and a dispenser of happiness instead of a slayer of his brother and an angel of darkness, he will grow to manhood brave but gentle, manly but loving. He will love justice more than gold ; he will see that the man who develops the highest side of his life if the child of wisdom, and that whereever he may go the flowers of joy will spring up, blossom and fling abroad their exhilarating perfume. On the other hand the child who is drilled in the manual of arms has constantly before him the hour when he may draw the trigger which meanx death to a fellow-man ; he comes to love the sound of the drum beat and learns to long for a chance to shoulder the murderous gun. He turns to the lives of Alexander, Caesar and Napo- 1 leon; dreams of fame though slaughter, < of power through devastation and destruction, fill bis mind, and by ooming to believe 11 is legitimate to tun ma i?i- . low-men when ordered to by a superior officer, the highest and finest ele- , rnents in his mind are benumbed. And I may say here, what I most pro- , foundly believe, that there can nev er be an approach to civilization so long as the child mind receives mili- ! tary drill, for the associations, ideals and dreams which neccessarily follow ' in the wake of warlike instruction are " 30 at variance with the ideals which * alone can redeem the world from hate, greed and injustice, thatuntil children j are taught to entertain a profound rev- j erenee for human life, human rights ' and for justice in its broadest sense, . humanity will not know what true civilization is. We are informed by the advocates of military drill that there is much to be ( naid in its favor, aside from its possible ( benefit to the state in the eventof war. I. We are informed that it c/ives the boy I. much needed vhvsical culture. In re-1 ply I would say tbat, even ifthis claim ' were well founded, the possible benefit would be many times couuterbal- , unced by the blunting of the moral sensibilities which attends traini-ng in t the urt of human slaughter, to say nothing of the evil effect in filling his mind with dreams of fame based on the exercise of the savage in his ua- ( ture, , But let us further notice the claims ( put forth for military drill on the , ground of its value in developing the , physicffl body. On this point there is J a diversity of opinions; indeed, it is j doubtful, if the ^spirit of Ca;sar were j not so strong at the present time, , whether thoughtful people would ad- ( vauee this as an argument, but let us , notice its force. There is probably no ] man in the United States whose judg- j ment in regsrd to physical culture will be universally accepted as more authoritative than that of Dr. D. Sar- < gent of Harvard University, and on i this point Dr. Sargent observes After the most favorable view possi" 1 ble of military drill as a physical exercise, we are led to conclude that its constrained positions and closely local- i ized movements do not afford the essential requisites for developing the 1 muscles and improving the respiration^ I / ' aod circulation, and thereby improving the general health and condition of the system. We must further conclude that in case of any malformation, local weakness or constitutional debility, the drill tends, by its strain upon tbe nerves and prolonged tension on the muscles, to increase the defects rather to relieve them. Finally, if the ultimate object of tbe drill was to prepare youny men for the life and duties of a soldier, we should be forced to conclude that the drill itself would still be defective as a means of developing the chief requisites for men in that profession. It will be observed that this craze for military drill, which Is one of the legitimate fruits of the war spirit which is being fostered and which finds expression in the rapid multiplication of armories in ourgreat centres of population, does not, according to Dr. Sargent, accomplish the physical culture which wholesome gymnastic exercise., gives. - " Mr. Leverett W. Case, master of tbe Dudley School of Boxbury, Boston, when interviewed a few months ago in ^ regard to the advisability of introducing the military drill into the grammar schools, made the following oblervation It is a bad thing for tbe boys. These public street parades are especially evil .nmga. j. nave kdowu mreeor4iour ooys to faint away from the fatigue and excitement on such occasions. Then igain, it teaches the boys to look forward to war, and oberisb a desire for lighting which is not desirable. It ' >> jeems to me that after twenty centu ies of religious enlightenment we >ught to be able to live without fighting, aud the maintenance of standing irmies. I believe in fostering a love of nature and peaceful intercourse between one another among school children. Boys should be taught what ivill be useful to them, but they should not be taught that which would engenier a desire for warfare. The Ling , ; lystem of gymnastics which we now iave in the grammar schools answers svery purpose. It gives the school ( jlenty of wholesome exercise and that s ail they need. 'Strange Fire upon tbe Lord's Altar." REV. R. H. COOPER. In these last days there seems to be * \ weakness upon the part of some )reachers to imitate the example 0 ' STadab and Abihu, in offering Strange ?ire upon the Lord's altar. Memorial Days are almost without number, and ire still increasing. The G. A. R., Ma- % onic, Knights of Pythias, Knights of Labor, Daughters of Rebecca, Woman Suffragist, and others too numerous to nention. We were io a community some time ilnce when one of these days was ?blerved. A more calm and peaceful Sabbath never blessed the worla. Mai* itudes pressed their way to the Lord's louse. The decorations were of flags within and without, on pulpit and on >ew?flags everywhere. A company >f men marched into the church in nilitary style and occupied reserved teats. The minister of the meek and owly Prince of Peace mounted the sulplt, and, in a speech of tiresome engtb, recited the bloody scenes of the sivil war and the glorious victories of ;he Federal armies. This is a sample of these memorial , lervicea. Of course, they have their irariations. Before me, in a secular >aper, is the address of one of our preachers, delivered in one of our ihurches on the Sabbath, on Odd Felows' Memorial Day. A more fulsome iulogy we never read on Daper. He sven goes so far as to claim tnat this initiation had for its aim "The redempion of the world from s!n." This irnthar la nnt ftlnnfi in this trangfirres lion. Now, if those who enjoy these dress mrades and imposing ceremonies will etire them from the Sabbath day and be sanctuary of God, we have no cord of protest. But to make this iind of thing take the place ot the worship of God, to make a eulogy of hese institutions take the place of the gospel of Christ and him crucified, is ? >f more than doubtful propriety. To rery many it seems little less than an nnovation, the offering of Strange j'ire upon the Lord's altar.?St. Louis \dvocate. The Snowball of Scandal.?It )egan at the top of the hill in a very imail way. Somebody said "I think/' [t rolled along, collecting bits as it .vent, until somebody said, "I believe." [t went further and further, until some* - ? A - J 4.1 14 ?^11 xwiy said, "i Know." adq iueu u i\m?d and rolled until it was a great big sail that bit straight at somebody's heart, because somebody else said, "I jaw." Aod though the snowball look?d fair and white though there seemed nothing wrong about it, it was a great, horrible He. It began with idle gossip, it grew with silly chatter until t reached its full size, fed by scandal. There is only one way to fight a snowjail ; that is to wait. Walt and live ait your life honestly and truly and he sunshine of good deeds will glare lowu upon the snowball of scandal unit it melts awny, and even its exigence is forgotten. It is true, it is hard :o live things down sometimes, but it s working two ways, as by your goodless you are living down the wrongloing of others, so by the same gooaiess you are living up to that higher ife which ends in the golden world adhere scandal-mongers can never ener.?Ladies' Home Journal. "We learn to do by doing." This is )ne of the accepted maxims of the nodern educations. But it is merely ;he doing with hands or head that liakes the whole duty of him who is ? -j i ii # leeKiug au euuuauoii ur tut; uuuuiug ui ;haracter. We must learn to love by oviug. We must act toward, and do for, the unlovely one such things aa kve would do for those whom we account as lovely. Thinking love's thoughts, speaking love's words, doing love's deeds, is to make the unlovely lovable and to learn to love by loving. "Let yoh aims be high," says Brother Garduer, "but don' fobgit datdah am mob practical returns f'um a good job ob whitewashin' dan dey is f urn a bad job ob landscape paintinv' A mixture of grasses 'will almost always give better results and profits than any siugle one sown alone, no only for permanent pasture, but for auy crop as well.