Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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The Press and Banner. ABBEVILLE, S.C. Wednesday, Nov. 9, 1887. The Public School*. The Oolttnibia Record is exercised about t Inshort school terms in Richlniul county, and proposes to increase the school tax in the county districts to lengthen the school term. Tr wfimnl trustees and the School C'oni missioner arc really in earnest in a desire to give the children better school facilities they can do so by simply reducing the pay of the teachers. We found it simple enough in Abbeville. If any man in South Carolina wants to know how the small salaries work, let him apply to School Commissioner E. Cowan, Abbeville county, who is the leader of long terms and good schools in upper South Carolina. A little practical common sense and some business principles applied to the school system will give from six to eight months of public schools. That Is the experience of Abbevillo county. If the trustees of Abbeville county would reduce the pay of our teachers to $18 a month, a public service would be rendered. ???? ? Railroad ?ws. As the Chester newspaper fail to give us any news of the progress of work on the <?., C. A N. Railway, we must depend on the Edgefield papers for news of the Cumberland Gap road. In last week's Edgefield Chronicle we llnd the following : An Old Chestnut Now.?In default of any other railroad news, we publish the following from au old Edgefield paper of September 18th, 1883. Public Notice, is hereby given to all whom It may concern, that a petition on behalf of sundry citizens of Edgefield District, will be firesented to the Legislature of this State at ts next session, for a charter authorizing the formation of a Company to construct a Hallroad, connecting Edgefield Court House with the Charleston & Hamburg Railroad, at or SbHT near tlie Town of Aiken. JOHN S. JETER, Chair. James P. Cakrol, Sec. Sept. 18,1833. St. Director Haddon of the Cumberland Guy road was in town last Sale Day. He appeared In good spirits, and told us to wait for thirty days for Important news. Let the Edgefield Chronicle not be impatient. Give the Cumber \ JandGapa chance. We believe the citizens nf A >ihnvllln tt'nnlrl extend t ime tOSi.XtVdayS rather to miss the road entirely. Sale Day. Last Monday was Sale Day. A great multitude of people were liere represnting nearly every nelgborhood in the county. If was perhaps the best humored and most orderly crowd that ever assembled here on Sale Day In a November. Very many of tnein were either trading or paying thair debts, and near, jy all were perfectly sober. There was almost no drinkenness, Not a simgle arrest. Business men in every line were busy all day, and every one was delighted with the day's work. The merchants, the hotel keepers, the restaurants, the carriage makers, the lawyersthe officers in the Court House, the printers and all other men who earn a living at the village were so far as wo could learn, wel' , pleased with ihe day's transactions. The Cumberland Gap Didn't Meet. Last Wednesday night had been advertised as the time for the annual meeting of the old Cumberland Gap Railway. A few persons assembled In the Court House. Colonel . . Bowen appointed a committee to look into the matter of proxies, when, after considerable delay It was found that there were present only about two-thirds enough proxies to make a quorum. The meeting adjourned, and some of the delegates went home that night. Other delegates lingered and were iouna on me sirceis iic.m uiuium^. If we are not mistaken there was a failure at Greenwood sometlmo a?o. It seems a pity to let these meetings fail. If all the stockholders would hand in proxies to the Secretary, then a meeting could be had at anytime. Let the matter receive attention. These re-unions should not be abandoned. We missed the weekly visit of the last issue of that excellent newspaper, the Abbeville Presi and Banner.?Florence Times. We plead guilty. We were short of papers that week, and did not send to some of our exchanges. Occasionally we have omitted to end papers to some of our brethren when we may have thought '-our presence would not be needed nor our absence known." [Good Advice Thrown Away. We believe that Charleston capitalists have had more advice as to how they should invest their money, than any other people on the face of the earth, and we further believe they have paid less attention to this advice than anybody else. As a role, the t most Impecunious citizen could manage money to better advantage than the man who has had the business tact to accumulate a fortune. It is with pleasure that we notice the prosperity of many of our brethren of tlie press. Their advertising columns were never fuller than they are today. This speaks well for the condition of the country. BefrlnnerM. S. Wittkowsky, of Charlotte, N. adver. tise "a word to New Beginners.'' We shall now look out for "a word to Old Beginners." ??? ? Tlie <.h1r Week. All who have spoken to us, or in our hearing, of the excursion to Charleston were do lighted with the trip, and some ot our susceptible people are la love with Charleston. Charleston made a ten-strike. Citizens' Meeting'. Abbeville, 8. C? Nov. 4,1?S7. The citizens meeting was called to order by Mr. A. W. Jones. Judge Cothran called to the chair, and stated forcibly the importause of the object of the meeting. Mr. J. Allen Smith was requested to act as Secretary. General free and enthusiastic discussion was had, evincing the great interest that the citizens manifested to the enterprise, Indulged in by Messrs. W. C. McGowan, J. T. Parks, K. U. Ijrayaoil, h.oihilii, i\. j-,. run, u. \y . Cannon, A. \V. Jones, L. W. Perrin, J. C. Kluck, Thos. Thomson, Hugh Wilson, Gen. Hemphill and others. Moved by Mr McGowan, that it in the sense of this meeting that we heartily endorse the movement of the farmers in their cfl'ort to got up a cotton factory, anil that we promise them substantuii aid to tho fullest extent of our ability. Moved by Mr. A. W. Jones, that the chair appointed a committee of twelve to canvass the town and see what amount would be sub- j scribed. The chair appointed committee as follows: Messrs. A. \V. Jones, W. C. McOowan, E. G. Graydon, P. B. Speed, R. W. Cannon. I J. Allen Smith, Hugh Wilson, J. C. Kiugli, J. F. Miller, Thomas Thomson, J. G.Edwards,! R. K. Hill. Moved, that the chairman, Judge Cothran and Mr. A. W. Jones be appointed to present the action of this meeting to the meeting on Monday. Adjoured subject to the call of the chairman. J. ALLEN SMITH, Secretary. Literary Note*. A beautiful border, printed in gold, will ornament the Christmas number of fi'ribner's j iMagazine, idis issue wm cuiupu'ie un* uim i j'cnr of this extraordinarily successful period-1 The fiction in tiie Christmas number of Scribner's Magazine will show remarkable! variety and stuenKtli. All the stories are com-' plete in this number. Bret Harte, II. C. Bunner, Sarah Orne Jewett, and T. H. Sullivan are; the contributors?each of them excelling in! widely different fields. The Christmas number of So'ibncr's Magazine will contalu double the usual number of Illustrations, every one of which has been made from a drawing by some well-known and, expert artist. A few of those represented are i Will H. Low, Wllllum Hole, A. H. S. A., 1J. Swlan Glfford, Howard Pyle, E. II. Hlaslilield-! J, W. Alexander, George Foster Barnes K. i Hopklnson Smith and F. S. Church. The! price will remain the same as usual?'.'5 cents. | Call and get a nice suit of cloths for a little! money. I'. Rosenberg & Co. 11-2j THE ABBEVILLE FACTORY, k In * i n ABLE SPEECHES BY McGOWAN, JONES, " COTHRAN, HAWTHORNE, HADDON, I F BRADLEY, CALHOUN, HILL, DOCK j u BOWIE AND OTHERS. *' . II P From Whence is to Gome the Material J! Aid ??That is the Question. J IV - - II KiithusiiiHtic Mfollns in ttio <'onrt IIousi' on Kaloday?Plan of Action P Submitted ? Coniiullteos Ag>|>oiut* ii od to Iloport \rx( Saleday?The n ? ? ? ? ii,,, tl l'rONpcei l??r inv mirvv^ w. .... terprise as Good as Could bp Ex- ii peeled 1'mler the Clrenmtlaiiees. ^ On Saleday immediately after the adjourn- Jj ment of the Farmers Convention, in accord- v anee with tlie notice published in the comity ii papers, there was a meeting of citizens who ? are interested in the establishment of a cotton factory in our town. Mr. \V. C. McGowan r: was called to the Chair. Capt. E. W. Watson Jj was requested to net as Secretary. In stating , the object of the meeting Mr. McGowan spoke ti as follows: n Opening1 Speech It)' the Chairman. <1 "I am very much obliged,gentlemen, for the [j honor you have conferred upon nie. It is an ,| honor I did not expect, as I am not prepared with any set speech; but I take such a great ? interest in the object of this meeting that 1 will not be content without saying some- i, thing. I; Tlio object oft he meeting is to discuss the v propriety and practicability of a cotton fae- (j lory. I am clad the enterprise took birth with the farmers. It began at the right plaice, j for in iny judgment it would be far better to ? have the share-holders of the capital stock ? scattered broadcast over the whole county v than to have il all in tlie hands of a few cap- j, italists. Etft'h share would then represent not t only so many dollairs, but also so much inlerest in the enterprise and tlie property ol ,j the town where it is located. And understand it, the scheme is to make the shares small? ^ say ?>."> or iVi, and there is not a farmer in the ( . ..1 Ml ?.|,? lu .,1,1,. , IIUUnilK o: JIUUI-ITIIIV v-viuuvj ....v. .. , to lake nt least one share. c All we need is unity of purpose ami oi action. If we determine to take a long pull 'I and a strong pull and a pull all together, the factory is as certain to be built as that the sun rose this morning. Our county, when she goes as a unit, fails in nothing; and more, j, my friends, in the appointed time, to be up j and doing. Our sister counties in the I'iedniont belt are ahead of us. Greenville, A nder- j son and Spartanburg are well awake to the (. necessities of the times, and all have flourish- ( ing factories and are building more. Are we ( to sleep forever? They have been the pin- v neers and have demonstrated to us that It is ? better to bring the factories to the cotton than to carry the cotton to the factories. It should ,, make us blush for shame, that notwithstand- . ing the last fifteen years of absolute demon- t stration as to their good, the proud and boast- , ful and gi'and old county of Abbeville lias not , a single manufacturing interest within her ( borders. Will you be content to fall behind your sister counties, and instead of standing t at the liead, take charge of the toil of the en- i terprise? No. my friends, it must stop. Now or never is the time. All we want is one | purpose and one determination. Lotus now y resolve that we will have the factory, and ii . will be. Let no man be ashamed because he o can take but little. The widow's mite was j none the less acceptable and efficacious he- i] cause it was small, and the fiictory built by | the many is ten times better than the factory u built by the few. : I will not take up your time in talking about the advantages to be derived from a j factory. They are potent, and others will (J follow who have the statistics. t. The Northern mills make money when it s costs on an average of?7.(i5 per bale for freight s etc, and then the return freight on the goods. t< Here our farmers haul the cotton from tin ir h own gin houses to the factory and get a quar- (| ter to a half a cent per pound more than mar- |j kets give where there is no cotton factory. Is this not an advantage to both? ti A factory brings population?it brings en- g terprise, it briugs cash. It makes a better ~i market for cotton and for all small products. v\ and above all it infuses new life into a sleepy I people. si America, of alt the world, is now the land ii of Hope, and of America the South is the land of Promise. Money, brains and enterprise are ij looking South. Now is the golden opportnni- :t ly. .Money cuuu-o wiit-ic iimmuv i.-t <iiiu iuv gods help them only who help themselves. I hope there will ben general, free aud full discussion. Essay on Factories?Valuable Paper by .fir. Jones. Mr. A. \V. Jones spoke as follows: lam requested lo bring to the attention of this Convention the advisability or feasibili- i ty of a cotton factory. To arrive at a proper solution of this question, wo must take the Southern states which produce the bulk ol t the raw cotton lor the world, and the day is not far distant, if she continues to develop her mineral resources as she has in the last few years, she will be the great iron and eoal centre of I be t'nited States. What would be t the effect if the South had t lie industries naturally belonging to her? it would build up and infuse new life into her languishing agriculture. It would make our people more intellig' nt, enterprising, inventive, progressive and self-sustaining. Our cotton is being transported huudreds and thousands of miles from the cotton fields, manufactured into thousands of different articles lor consumption, and returned to us at from 5Uto500per cent, advance. We have allowed the enterprising and pro- * gresslve people of the North to absorb the profits of our cotton crop. Not only that, but WO nave UIIUWCU mu v? vait-ru owura in wmt in and turn the screws until between the two p they have nearly left us paupers. What is the v result? Georgia, Alabama and other .South- t! orn States, and a portion of South Carolina, si have waked up to their true interest. They w arc now moving ahead, building factories, or* tl ganizing into co-operative associations tode- b velop the interest of their communities and tl why should not we. e< Gentlemen, the South is looking after ii her birthright, reaching out for and develop- tl ing ttie Industries which naturally belong to her. The consc(iuence is, the stream ol 3 Northern capital and inunigration has turned Southward. In the last seven years 1.1,000 new industries have been established In tlie Soutii, and dur- |( inutbe Instelglitniontlis there liav?;been yjou,- j (| iNio.iMtfi of capital invested. The consumplion ! c of cotton in Southern mills bar. increased ;Vx; i a' per cent, during the last. year. Within the la-i e three months thirty-two new cotton compa nies have been organized. The Iron Industry has advanced astonishingly, and the iron mining increase during the seven years has been from 1O0.00U tons to nine hundred thou- J.; snnd tons. Mr. (Jrady in his address to the farmers at Atlanta, says: There are SSO.UO!) artisans at " work to-day in the Soutn that were not here J'j in 1830. And this did not iimludc the thousands that are building new enterprises. The (, South manufactured last year Silll.OOO.iniO worth of articles that six years ago were brought from the North and West. This vast sum now remains at home and is distributed among our people. As to some of the advantages the South has " over the Northern States, I find upon invest!gallon that the cost of production is much!1 less. Take for instance the immense saving in j transportation of the raw material. Iter- j:: ning's Uaud-I'ookof Alabama points out that J J the mill owners of Lowell, Mass., Inlying tiieir cotton in Augusta, (ia., pays on a bale ot i. cotton freight So, a commission of Sl..r>0, and j " SI 15 insurance, incidentals, exchange and * handling, making $7.65 per bale. As to labor it is stated upon good authority I: thai the average price paid for labor Is not more than one half or two-thirds of that oi l the North. They work for lower wages, yet * actually get higher wages, because the cost ot ' living is so much less. Does this not show that our mills will have a tremendous advantage in competition. With cheap land, cheap labor, the raw cotton at our door, theadvantages of a climate unsurpassed, where the mills ran throughout the year. The Northern mills during pari of the winter are at a stand-still, encased in ice. It goes to show j' that in this progressive nineteenth century * the mills must come to the cotton. The Mmi-j vf(tctu;crs Itecord shows that a rapid and ! marked development is going on in tins great | industry. i In regard to the financial results, the liccnrit ^ says: Anion* the earnings of different mills!' recently reported the frown Mills, of J)alton. " Georgia, after allowing u part of earnings for ,< improvements have just declared an annual dividend of percent. 'I he Trion Mills, ol . Trion, Georgia, earned for its fiscal year just , ended 10 percent. The Odell Mills, of Concord, X. (J, have declared In per cent, divi-i deads for six months. TlieCriflin Mills, of Grlffln, Ga., for the year ending August 1st J' made a net profit of 21 per cent. The Voeuiii j Mills, of Yocuin, Miss., made 17 per cent, on !' j spinning operations, besides adding 1M> looms. It closes as follows: We believe that the record of tlx- past shows that with a few exceptions as can be found in almost any kind of Industries, well managed Soutlicru Mills yield good profits to their owners. it Let us take our mills nearer home. In con- it versation with a gentleman, who travels all \v over South Carolina, and he is a very close ob- a; server, I learn that the factories at Pelzer, Piedmont,Greenville,Clifton, Newberry, l>ar- tl lington, Sumter, Grauiteville, and Vaucluse, w with perhaps one exception, are being rut: si regularly and paying good dividends. They tl are giving cm ploy incut to hundreds of our peo-; f; pie, men, women and children,who are unable oi to labor in the field. Each month these mills hi payout thousands of dollars to their opera-j si tives and they spend the money in their re-l hi spective communities, thereby making a mar el for country produce and enabling nier- 1 liiinls to sell t heir [roods at lower /Inures. IS nil) a factory we will always be assured of j< in? tup of Mid market for our cotton?that I leans trom to J j cent per pound more than j ( e have been getting heretofore. 1< I will cite olio instance. A gun no agent at i ( laslcy was ordered by his company to sell j I 'hat cotton lie had on hand and remit. tliein 11 lie money, lie;.ad ten bales and instead ol I lling it at Knsley hi; hired it hauled to 1'ied- 1 1011I, twelve miles distant for SI. Sold it to tie factory and realized seventeen dollars < rolil?one dollar and seventy cents per bale I lore for it than lie would have received at ] < ......... |, *3|K|l',V. It clous seem to nie that our people full to i lt l hat our agricultural prosperity must ilu- < end in asreat measure upon a home market >r its principal support. When oilier Indus* : ries are thriving this will receive the most ' cnetit. ( We have the Northern States as an exam* le. It Wiis not only the spirit of her people i lat built up her waste places, but it was their I rdomitahle will and perseverance with a tie* I M ini nation to lead the manufacturing Indus* i ial interest of this country that has given I re North to-day her wealth. With these facts staring us in the face, why I i the name of reason and common sensedoes i bheville stand Idle? Has she no Interest at l take? With sphinx-like silence she folds i cr hands and lets the golden opportunities ass. Wake froin your lethargy! Arouse ourselves and realize tl>e importance of lm- i ledlate and determined ell'ort to stop this normous drain that steadily Hows impoverthing our people, that has well-nigh sapped ur life hloodand lias cone to build itpand en- ' ich tire North and West. With these facts < efore us it is hardly necessary to argue the erretits to accrue to tin; farmers of this conny by establishing in our midst a cotton faci>ry. Itetlects the Individual Interest of ev- t ry man in Abbeville county?no matter what lay be his profession, and let it now be unerstood that this movement is not eontined > the farmers but to all who have the com *^r ??rvr?r*ln nt. 1?nnrf*nro <*or 11)11 III IVI CM IH lIIV (IVUI'H. ..V hilly Invited to co-opcmte with us. Willi u ?tt??n factory started other industries will aturally follow. Then, gentlemen, we can diversify our fuming with the knowledge that we have n marft for our products, and until as I said before re do have a homo market for our products iversitied farming, which is the life of the griculturist, is doomed to disappointment, hope others will follow and show you the real benefits to be derived from our Increasd population. The increase in the value ol our lands, and last but not least, a factory lere would continually pour from her collcrs hroughout the year "cash," an unknown omniodity in our midst, during the summer nonths. Gentlemen, I have given you the facts of he advisability of a cotton factory. Now, as o the feasibility men of more means than I iave must start it, and I will help all that 1 an. riie Great Advantages of I'nctorieH? Speech or Judge Cotliran. Judge J. S. Cothran then said: This s a very interesting subject and a very mrmrfnnt. one. As I understand it onr lends In itie country, seeing the necessity or a better market for their products, are ontcninlating the building of a cotton facory. Now, ] suppose there are ten or twelve housand bales of cotton sold here a year, rhich Is obliged to come here: wc have io.st a ;reat deal of our cotton trade Uy reason o( it her towns, notably Piedmont and I'elzer, ill'erlng inducements In the way of better irices. It Is for those who patronize this narkct to build up for themselves a good narkct. it is conceded that l'elzer. Piednout and the other factory towns pay more or cotton than the towns around them?from , quarter to a half cent more. Now, if 1 tales of cotton come here on which SI per bale nore would be realized, that would make saved: if the farmer makes ton bales le makes 810; If lie makes twenty bales it Ives him $20. Now the farmer making tcu lalesof cotton could afford to Invest Sluu in a nctory and make ten per cent, upon his nvestment; and the farmer making twenty iales of cotton could take stock and make en percent on the investment, besides whalvtr dividends lie might realize from the uctory. It Is not supposed that lie puts Ills money n this factory as a donation. Trlon and ther mills 111 Georgia have realized from 10 o 24 per cent, on their investments. Why liould we not do equally as well? Now, appose the man making twenty bales of eotun realizes $20 Increase in price, that would eSJOon an investment of Sli?0 and whatever ividends lie might realize from the factory iesides Now it is a matter in which wc all are Inprested. I am glad to see the farmers sugcstlm; something practical. It is a very easy latter to make a speech with nothing but rind in it. Let us have something practical, t. see i s to mo this county, take it as it lands, is the most beautiful section of land in lie State. It has always been the most honige11ions county in South Carolina, solid potically and in every other respect?forming Imost a perfect square and the Court House n the center. I am glad to see this spirit of enterprise and rngress taking hold of those who are younger ban 1 am, those with whom we will soon nve to leave the keeping of the Interests ot liis grand old county of Abbeville. Kveryliiim that tends to Its advancement, everyliiiiii that tends to its solidity, everything lint tends to its prosperity is a matter which liould be well considered by its people, i on't know to what extent this question has een discussed, it is a large undertaking and i ill require a good deal of money to carry it ti rough. I would desire to hear from those who have liginated this enterprise and in the very ature of things are expected to take the lead, would say we are greatly in need of some liiug of tills kind. 1 am satisfied that those rim originated the idea arc intelligent nough to carry it forward to a successlul ml. I will not consume any more of your time, t is not Important to hear from me. for that ajier thnt Mr. Jones lias so carefully preared ought to be preserved and carefully ead by every man in the county. This is a uestion that effects the interests not only of lie farmers but all of our citizens. >r. Hawthorne Thinks AVe'd Better Pay Our Debts. 0.1*. Hawthorn, of Due West, thought our eople "were excessively ambitious" and rere straining to do too much for our limited uanciai ability. "That the county was Irugling under liens and mortgages and It as all we could do to keep mir heads above lie water he thought that people had better e paying their debts instead of squandering lieir money in railroads and factories. lie uncluded be saying he had no money to put lto a factory. It took hisjbest efforts to keep lie wolf from getting under the door. Ir. Haddoii Would llriug Prosperity by 1'uited Kll'ort. Mr. It. \V. Iladdon. of Due West, was in ivor of any enterprise that would advance lie interests of the people of Abbeville couny?he was at all times ready and willing to id to the fullejst extent, of his means, every i iter prise that tended to build up the county. Mr. Calhoun Solves tlie Problem. Mr. W. 1'. Calhoun, was heartily in favor of lie enterprise, he thought it was the only nlvation for the people with cotton factories nd other industries in our midst. Our peole would he on the blub road to fortune, if we iinld take the Cumberland Gap lax to build lie niciory. letting Ddivii t<> HumIiickn?Mr. Hill Offers a IM1111 of Orpuilzntioii. Mr. It. K. Ilill ottered the following : As a busis of action looking to the establishion t of a cotton factory in uieTown of Abbeillc. Iwmiliisiibinitt.be following plan for lie consideration of this convention : 1. Lot there be, for the present, a temporary iganlzalion. the olHcers of which to consist f a President, two Vice-President and a oeretary. 2. Appoint a conimittee whose duty It shall e to procure the necessary charter?and as a relitninary step to that end that they file at nco with the Secretary of State a declamalon of their Intention to apply for such char;r, :t. Fix the amount of the capital stock of lid factory at the sum of two hundred ihousnd dollars consisting of .">,000 shares of the alua of lorty dollars each. I. Open the books for subscription to the itpital stock of said factory as soon as practinl, and no subscription to be taken for le?s lian one sharo. \ When as much as three fourths ot the enire stock shall have been taken let there be a ermanent organization with tlie election ot ueh officers as shall then be deemed neccsiry by tne stock holders. (i. Imineiliatelp after said permanent orpaligation shall have been etlcctod, tllty percent f the subscribed stock shall due ami eollectaioand the remainder thereof nt such time as liall be subsequently determined upon by a lajority of the stock holders who shall at Lielitime have paid the first instalment of icir subscription. 7 All sums paid in of the first instalment mil be deposited in bank which shall not be 'ithdrawn except by direction of the holders f a majority of such paid in slock. S, Should less than three-foili tli of the entire ipital stock be subscribed for by the 1st, day f July IhSS, the scheme shall bo considered ml Ir.'fiti.rl ?ik ii fniltirc anil no subscription mil thereafter be considered of and binding < >rce or nature. Mil. IIIM/S BXl't.ANATOItY ItBMAUKS. j 1. Iii presenting this plan I do not. claim for j I he merit of perfect ion Imt I merely submit I for the consideration of this convention hich can ntnend or modify, adopt or reject it, ' s In Its wisdom it may see proper. 2. I have no doubt it will meet with opposion us to some of its features?notably those hieh provide for the amount of the capital lock and the value of tin-shares, as I know! int there are a eond many who believe thut a | ictory costing not more than IIfly, or at tlie < at side, one hundred thousand dol'ars is as! ir*;e as there is any use for and that t lie | lares should be made as low as twenty dol-i irs each. U. As to the eost of the factory I would say, 1 hat In my opinion no factory with less than i or 10 thousand spindles and the necessary compliment of looms and consequently costng not l?ss than two hundred totwohunIred and fifty thousand dollars, may hope to >ompete, In the matter of the cost of Its proluetlons, with the large factories located In [he Piedmont region of this .state?especially f that factory is dependent upon steam alone or its motive power, as would be the case kvitli ours. I. The cost of operating a 6mall factory as compared with a large one Js not in proportion to the number of spindles or relative prolucts of each?in other words it would cost Tar more than one half as much to operate a mill of live thousand spindles than it would int.' of ten thousands, and for various reasons: 5. I-'irst, because the motive power or eniines necessary to run the smaller mill would cost very nearly as much as in the case >f the larger. C. And again, the wages of the superintendent, book-keeper, clerk, walchman and the numerous other attaches, Independent of (hose attending the loomsand spindles, would figure gate almost as much in the one case as In the other. 7..In my Judgment it would bo infinitely better for us never to have a factory than to start one that would barely pay expenses as I Pear would be the case with one of less than 8 jr ten thousand spindles. 8. We would not only Bink the capital Invested in it but it would forever prevent any similar enterprise being undertaken in our midst and would provt a great injury to the town and county of Abbeville. 9. And now as to the amount at which the shares arc fixed. I know (here ore some as stated before who think the same should be r.laced as low as twenty dollars?well all I have to say upon this point is that any one who is not able to take as much a* one share lit forty dollars is in no condition, pecuniarily, to take stock in a cotton factory?lie would be doing an injustice to himself and family were he to do so. 10. You will observe, Mr. President, that this plan contemplates the payment of no part of the subscription until at least one hundred and fifty thousand dollars of the stock shall have been, taken or in other words until the building of the factory is an assured fact. 11. Then the permanent organization and the election of the necessary officers takes place?and fifty per cent of the svbscriptlon to the capital stock is to be paid in. 12. This amount of money, to wit, $75,000 It is thoughi would be sufficient to erect the necessary buildings for a factory of the kind had In contemplation. 13. The Idea, being not to commence operations or expend a dollar until we have the money necessary to complete the enterprise in hand or well in sight. 14. And further, if after all our exertions we find on the 1st uay ol July 1888 that less than one hundred anil fifty thousand dollars of the stock has been taken the whole schemo is to be abandoned and the subscriptions to be considered no longer of any binding force. In conclusion, Mr. President, 1 will say that I am willing to take as much stock in a factory established upon a basis somewhat of the nature indicated as any other man in the county of my means, but that I am not willing to risk a dollar in a little insignificant affair that would be sure to prove a dead failure. Mr. Itrndlcy ('Iff* llie Wrentneas of Abbeville County. lion. .1. E. Hrailley arose amid loud and proiotijreu cneering, aim 111 iiin umihi ciuurai and energetic manner expressed his hearty co-opcrntion in all public enterprises, and especially In the one now before the people. He said: It would benefit everybody?men, women and children. It would be a blessing to all of our people for cotton goods to be manufactured at home. This thing of letting our cotton go North, East and West is impoverishing the Sontli. t'otton factories and other industries will give diversified work to our citizens. They will make our country prosperous. I would be clad to see some of the enthusiasm of '7(1. What then was the cause of that action ? We thought that South Carolina never could tie redeemed from her prostrate condition. Do we leel financially embarrassed as we were then politically embarrassed? Is it the boast of Abbeville that she ban produced so many statesmen, divines aud financiers and yet cannot boast of a single manufacturing interest within her borders? I will say to the farmers of Abbeville county have you not enough pride to sustain any movement that goes to promote the agricultural, industrial and financial interests of j our county? We must not let this opportunity pass. If our farmers will pet their shoulders to the wheel the factory is an assured fact. Now. it has been said that the Newberry factory was losing money. This is not so. I have it from good authority that, while the >L*>vurrrj nnii hum uuunueu jiw uiviuuiiuo, she has doubled her capacity and is now makInn money. We iiave Ilic finest climate In the world; our fertile soil Is unsurpassed; even our poorest, uplands will produce anything from an African negro to an Irit-b potato. {Loud applause.) Mr. Bradley, after many flights of eloquence, reminding his hearers of tlie stirring limes of closed amid the most enthusiastic applause. Hen to Endorse the Bond* and to Encourage the Enterprise. Mr. Pock Bowie, ofSantuek, said he was not n bloated bondholder?but bring along your subscription list and he would endorse it. Mr. Newt Nickles, Dr. Addison and other prominent farmer took a favorable view of the great enterprise. Appointment of Committee#?<'oneinNiou of the Whole .Hatter. On motion the chair appointed the following committee to revise the plan of organization ollercd by Mr. flill and submit tbe same at next meeting?\V. P. Calhoun,.!. E. Bradley, It. E. Hill, J. H. Morrah and J. E. Todd. un motion tue rresiuent 01 tno Farmers club was asked to request, the local clubs to call meetings at once and appoint committees to canvass their respective communities?report result next Sale Day. RELIGIOUS AGRICULTURE-MANUAL EDUCATION. Dreamers in this A in or I en ii Land of Liberty, Free School* and I'rce Ciiiirclirs, UoNlrc lis to Adopt the Methods and Plans of Europe --- They Themselves Would Iinitute the Bciiediclinc .Monks of Past Agcs>?NhoiiI(l Free and Progressive Americans Adopt the Repuftiiaut Practices of Despotic Countries ??Wliat "Myself anil (he Hoard Think.'' Cita ki.kstox, S. C., Nov. 2,18S7. Editor Press and Manner : Sin?I notice an article in your paper cominentlngon the prospectus and appeal of the Industrial Mission School Koeicty, In which i he failure of three Manual Labor Schools, at Due West,at Cokesbury.and on the Lethe Estate, Is pientloncd. It Is not my Intention to reply to the comment made In the article upon a respectable set of gentlemen engaged in a charitable effort, but I really wish Information as to the three schools, In order not to let our venture fail through similar mismanagement. Could some of the older citizens of Abbeville, then, send to me at my address. No. 10 I'itt street, Charleston, or through the colli it ns of your paper,information as to the reasons why those schools were abandoned? 1. It is believed by myself and the Hoard of Trustees of the Industrial Mission School Society, that the manual labor of a set of students, from fifteen to twenty years of age, on a well conducted farm, can be made to entirely pay the expenses of their food and raiment, but no more. It cannot pay the salaries of teachers. Now, was an attempt made to do more? Was there any provision made by the charity of 420,000 communicants of any church for the salaries of an able corps of teachers? Or were the students expected to pay the salaries of the teachers, as well as maintain themselves? 2. Was the corps of teachers at any time a strong and good combination ? 3. Was there the same need for Industrial Education, when these three schools tailed, as evidently now exists? Secretary Lamar is undoubtedly right. The mass of the Southern people are steadily getting poorer. Is not. the tendency of much of our education, especially of that being now bestowed on the negro, to educate away from the soil and the farm, and away from skilled Industry? Should an cll'orl to educate back to tlie soil and the farm, and in every branch of mechanical industry essential to prosperity in rural life, meet with reproach from any quarter? For one, I believe that Industrial Education is the great need of the South, especially of our rural population, white and black. It is very certain, too, that (he world owes an immense debt to Industrial Education, which the ignorant are too apt to underrate and forget. The great schools of the Benedictine monks, "the civillzers of Europe, the Improvers of the mechanical arts, (witness the great cathedrals)^ the preservers of classical literature, mo originators 01 a skiiicu ugncuuuiv, ??v.v all, lor t hirty general Ions (if healthy strength unci vim?r, manual labor schools; for the Ben diet I no "rule" was, "six hours of manual labor for every student every day." This school we propose is to he a religious I school; and I mention against the inisman-j tgement of so good a thing as manual labor In a school in the three cases, all unfortunately taken from the luellieieiicy of Abbeville county, thirty general Ions of brilliant succass n live or six thousand schools, all running at lie same time, which the charitable can point o?a glorious record?as havingexisted in the josom of the church?that church which litis ver stood forward as the friend of the Iriendess, the comfort and the wealth of the poor. Respectfully yours, HKNJ. U. STUART. A SEEKER AFTER KNOWLEDGE. Mr. ncnjninln R. Stuart Proposes to Adopt the Modes nnd Methods Which We have Lone Since Abandoned as Impractical, I'ndcsirahie, and 1'nprolitahle. We ask attention to the letter of Mr. Henjamin R.stuart, of Charleston, which appears elsewhere in these columns. He cares not to hear from the J're.1.1 and Banner, but appeals to >omc of the older citizens of Abbeville county to furnish him and the "respectable set of gentlemen," with whom he is associated, Information as to the cause of the failure of the manual labor schools in this county. We trust, therefore, that some of our readers may furnish the Information for the benefit of ttie "respectable set of gentleman" while the Press and Banner will endeavor to furnish to the general public some of the (acts which lead us to say that success for the scheme In which this "icspcetablesetof gentlemen" are engaged, Is beyond the range of a possibility, but even if It were a possibility to raise the money, then the plan Is utterly and absolutely Impracticable, and will certainly fail In its beneficent objects, for many icasons: 1. The declarations In the prospectus show plainly that the managers or corporators of the Institution am impractical and visionary In their notions. 2. Everybody knows that an cducuted negro does not want to work on the farm. When he learns to read and write his usefninoKK as a laborer has ended. 3. The Hoard of Trustees say they want a "a larj;o tract, say 10,t)!)0 acrcs." Ten thousand acres! Whew! Where does the committee expect to (jet so large a tract outside ol theswampsof tliecoast, or the peaks and sides or the mountains? Swamps and mountains are not the best adapted for agricultural experiments?us well send the colored youth to the Jungles or Africans to the swamps ol South Carolina. If the committee undertook to get ten thousand acres in upper Souih Carolina they would depopulate about a whole township?aud that amount of land would cost at least a hundred thousand dollars?ten dollars an acre. 4. What Is meant by "freedom of plan and action untrammelled," Is not clear, und when they want to keep.away "outside and evil influences," wo are left, in doubt. If" they want to establish a "negro quarter" on the old time plan where "poor wtiite trash" and others may not come.dt will not work. 5. To build the church, hospital, school house, students' quarters, professors' homes, barns, dairy and other necessary buildings would cost another hundred thousand dollars. 0. To buy libraries, household and kitchen furniture, mules, wagons, farm Implements, cattle and other necessary appendages would cost another hundred thousand dollars. 7. To pay the professors or teachers, to In sure me property, iu ujj icpmiD, uuu replace worn out or dead stock, would require an annual outlay about ten times as great as the whole annual contributions of the Episcopal church In South Carolina for all purposes, except rectors' salaries. 8. Even with the farm bought and paid lor, and with all the horses, mules, and every. thing else paid for, where would a decent Southerner be found who would be willing to take himself and his family to the middle of a ten thousand acre farm, occupied entirely by negroes? 9. Even with the profrssors installed, where are the negro boys to come from to keep up the place? 10. A school Isolated is not desirable for anybody. Students gain as much by attrition or contact with the outside world, as they do from books. For this reason firstclass negroes would not go to a place of Isolation to be educated?to so speak, In a sort of convent. 11. The Insinuation twice repeated In the prospectus that the negroes are not Industrious, honest and truthful, would preclude ilir> nrwidhint v of self-resneetinir negroes no ceptlng their charity. 12. Under tlie present public school system, there is no need whatever for the proposed school. Manual labor schools, as Mr. SiuarI sai/s, is merely to pay the tuition fees. In the public schools ot South Cnrulina the tuition is free to all. The children of ooor parents practically adopt the manual labor system at home, and while going to school eurn their living beneath the parental roof. They work at home every day before going to school, and they worK after returning from school. They do chores about the house. They cut wood, make tires, bring water, milk cows, feed the stock, cook the meals, and do whatever else is to be done. 13. As the half crown children In our public schools earn daily more than their board at hoinc, why should they go abroad to do no more? 11. There Is more humbuggery to the square inch In boarding schools than in anything else that we know of. If parents have a good school at their own doors, they are foolish to incur the expense of board,and the exposure to temptation, which is always Incident to boarding school life. IS. The absurdity of the proposition to establish an "Industrial School" may be more plainly seen when we state that the total number of communicants In the Episcopal Church in this State aggregates only about four thousand souls, and nowhere is it. nlain that this "respectable set of gentle men" represent the sentiments of any considerable portion of the church, which outside of preachers' salaries, has heretofore raised a total of only nbout $5,000 a year for missions, church work, and ail other benevolent causes. Having given the reader some ot our reasons for believing the "Industrial mission school" is nothing more than a visionary scheme for which there is no actual need, and for which, if established, there is no possibility of hope for success, we trust that some one will answer Mr. Stuart's letter. We publish the will of Dr. DeLa Howe. It is an interesting document, which our subscribers will lie glad to resid. That document will show the origin of the l)eLa Howe school In tills county. The people know how the public schools, by ottering superior inducements to scholars, took the place of that school. The valuable property and Its endowment is in good hands. The farm rented last week for eighteen bales of cotton, and eleven thousand dollars of eood notes bring In ten per cent. Interest. Efforts will be made to change the terms of the will, so that this large estate may be available for the benevolent purpose for which it was Intended. The Cokesbury manual labor scliool had the undivided support of the Methodists , In this state. T,ivlng witnesses aro ready to prove that It was found 10 be Impracticable and that the plan was abandoned?yearly reducing t he hours of labor until tinally ne groes were mrtci 10 ?n uio worn, vvouuru College was established, and tlie support of the church withdrawn, and its history was complete. PRUDENT MEN FORESAW THE EVIL. Due West Was loo Who to l?o Caught In the Mnuunl Labor .School RusiII CSS. Dite west, S. C., Nov. 7,1857. Editor Abbnnllc Press and Banner: The manual labor system was never In operation in Erslclne College, nor In the school in Due West out of which the college developed. Such a plan was once discussed In the Synod, but It never came to a reality. At a meeting of the Synod at Duo West, In 1881, a series of resolutions looking ol this Important were adopted, the three important sections of which I Quote: "1st. licsolved, That it Is expedient to make an effort to establish. In the bounds of this Synod, one or more schools or acadenies on 'the manual labor system.' " "2nd. Resolved, That between this time and the next meeting of the Synod, the members ' r>f tiinSvnod mnite Inmilrv In their respective congregations as to the amount of" funds which could he raised, or land or stock which would or might be furnished, by any congregation or congregations in the bounds of the Synod." "3rd. Resolved, That the clerk of this Synod correspondent with the principals of some approved manml labor schools in the United Slates, for th? purpose of obtaining the most correct knowledge on the best mode of conducting a manual labor school." At the meeting of the Synod, at (,'ednr Springs, In 1S3S. "Ministers were called on to see if they had laid the manual labor plan of education before their people." l)r. Lathnn. In his History of the Associate Reformed synod of the South says, "Tho reports were not favorable, the people did not favor the manual labor plan." The whole matter died here, there was, therefore, never such a thing in Erskine College. So far as the record shows, no one ever mooted the matter afterwards. Yours very truly. WM. HOOD. LET THERE BE NO MISTAKE ABOUT THE MATTER. Two Side* to a Question, Only One of Which C'nme to the Ears of tlie Local Scribe. Whose Statement 1m now Corrected and Modified. Vkhdekv, S. C., October'28,1SS7. r? . UUUlfl I-f lWU/IU /JKfirirr . Dkak Sik?Please corrcct n mistake which appeared In the locals In this week's issue of your paper. You stated there was a "tenement bouse burnt on William Develin's plncc ignited from a spark from nil engine." This was the facts in relation to the matter: There was a cabin burnt, on the Wharton Place wliiie my engine was there pinning cotton, but no one knows how it. caught. As the occupants were cooking dinner tit the | time, and a lot of dry tobacco in the chimney and loft of the house,there is a probability it ctuisjht and set fire to the house from J that. I make this correction as It was my gin nud engine that was there at the lime, so that there may be no con tinned opinion relative to the matter. Very respectfully, _____ it. II. HKVMX. Colored dress, silks at 14 cents per yard. This is the best bargain that was ever offered | in silks. Call and secure a bargain before they are all sold. Wm. K. Bell. 10-19 HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. \ n THE ORIGIN OF ONE OF ABBEVILLE'S [ CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. ? c Full Texl of (he Will of the Plillun- J iliropiwt. Dr. Jolin De La IIowc, In Which he Left a Handsome Estate to Establish a Good School and a Good Home Tor Poor Boys and Girls The Idionyncracies of a Cranky Head and a Good Heart. Published for the Benefit of the Latter Day Saints Who Propose to do for the Colored Children, What He Did for the Poor of His Own Race. State of South Carolina, ahbkville County. Iu the name of God, Amen. I.John DeLn Howe, of the County of Abbeville, In the State of South Carolina, M. D., belug of sound and disposing mind, memory and under .standing, do make, ordain and publish this my last will and testament. In primix, it is my will and desire, that my remains shall he burled as near its can be to the spot where those of the late Miss Rebecca Woodin are deposited, on the hill opposite to the dwelling house wherein we both resided together, and I still do reside, on my planta lion or farm named Lethe, as the last mark and testimony of my friendship and sense which I ever have retained of her merit. And it is further my will that as soon as It can conveniently be done after my decease, a .substantial brick wall shall be built round our sepuicnres, not less man wn iwimiuNrc , In the dear, eight feet above ground, and two , bricks thick; with a substantial door and ' lock, and that the whole of It Khali forever be ' kept up and in good order, and the area within clear or hushes and weeds, and that the following inscription, In large Iron capitals, shall forever be kept Incased in the door: Rebecca Woodin, Obiit 4th Oct., 1783?Ives DeLft How* 1 funtlntor hujns scnilnarii agriculturalis, with the date of my decease. I give and devise all my real nnd personal ' estate of whatsoever nature it may be, so in possession as In right,(excepting what Is hereafter by this my last will otherwise disposed of,) to the President and Agricultural Society of this State of .South Carolina, now or lately , holding their usual meetings in the city of Charleston, and to such <Jf their members as the said Society pro tempore shall name nnd appoint to take the execution nnd trust contained in this my last will nnd testament upon them, and ta their successors in said appointment forever That is to say, In trust for the following Intent, uses and purposes, and (or no other use, intent or purpose whatsoever, viz., for/causing and procuring, to be ex- , erted, established,organized.and forever kept up on tbat part or the plantation where I now reside, or on nny part between the springs and tile mouth of tbc brnnch which runs through the ynrd, and Little Itiver, an agricultural or farm school, in conformity as near as can be (viutatl* mutandis) as occasional circumstances may render advisable, and Unwisdom of the Society shall suggest, to a plan proposed in the Columbian Magazine lor the month of April, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven; with this difference, that this farm school is principally by me intended, for by the yearly income of the estate by rue devised and bequeathed by this my last will, forever both educating in conformity to said plan, and also lodging, feeding and uniformly clothing, twelve poor boys and twelve poor girls, whose parents, or who themselves, have resided in Abbeville county aforesaid not less than six years, and actually continue to reside within the compass or extent of said county; but that orphan children (cater is paribus) shall have the preference. And it is my will that they shall manufacture such of their clothing themselves, as can be made out of the produce of the farm, and that the trustees shall be pleased to procure out ol the ready money which I shall leave at my decease such implements for facilitating labor, as may not only answer that purpose, but contribute at the same time to the facilitating the labor of the neighbors and making them more industrious; provided that not above nns nunurcu pounus sterling oe employed in the purchase of said Implement*. And I do wish and recommend the use of beach leaves, gathered before the frost, and dried in the shade for bedding, as the leaves of the beacli tree, cured as mentioned, make as comfortable, and by far more healthy bedding than feathers, as they will remain good for lour or five years, and may be easily renewed, and as being introduced amongst the poorer class of citizens, (whose bedding is now a blanket) they may thereby enjoy one that Is comfortable and healthy. And It is my will, that such part of my personal estate as the trustees shall not think Immediately necessary, or particularly useful for carrying on the farm and farm school, shall be by them sold, lu such manner, and on such terms as they may think the most advantageous; but that In particular my surveying compass, chain, and instrument case, shall bo reserved for the use of the farm school as likewise such books as in their judgment may lie useful to the Master, and particularly Shaw's Chemistry, so that he thereby may be enabled to comply with the next following article, if unacquainted with the principles, viz: That it shall be the duty of the Master, that besides having the boys instructed In reading, writing, arithmetic, principles of geography, and of geometry, so far as to render them versed In practical surveying, and the girls In reading, writing, and four common rules of arithmetic, he will and shall Instruct both boys and girls, (so as occasion offers) In such chemical principles as the success of their different operations depends upon, as malting, brewing, distilling, baking, fixing different colors, making vinegar, soap, cheese, butte, &<?. And It is my will, that such children as reside conveniently In the neighborhood for at- , tending the school, may be admitted to be instructed as the children of the farm school. Those of parents notable to pay the school ing ffratti, aod those who can afford it, at such rate as they and the Master can agree upon, but to such number onty as the trustees shall , judge that the Master can conveniently instruct, provided that all children admitted into the said farm school, sfiall be obliged to conform to such rules and regulations as the trustees or Master shall from time to time reasonably make lor the government thereof And It Is further my will that in the choice of a Master for the said farm school skill, Industry and morals shall be the only qualifications attended to, and that in the admittance . of pool children no manner of regard shall be paid to what religion or sect they or their parents profess; and that it shall be a particular charge to the Master to teach and Instruct them only in the general, plain and practical parts of religion and morality, without meddling with speculative and controverted points, or with such as constitute the particular character of any sect. In case that it should appear to the Society that the yearly income of the estate by this my last will given and devised, should not be sufficient to carry Immediately my above disposition into full effect, (which however is not expected) I in that case request them to make ho?lnnlnu nti Mln vnnrlv Ini'nitlf mBV bear the expenses of, in such manner that the stock on the farm, as horses, mares in particular, horn cattle and sheep may ho kept up for the life of the farm, but as I shall leave a considerable sum In ready money, I recommend that such suitable hut simple buildings In the way of my present overseer's house may be immediately exerted to answer the plan to the whole extent, but that nil the outward timber may be of chestnut. It Is also my will, that my tract of land, part of which I do now keep inclosed and reside on, made up of twenty-one original tracts, and by a late resurvey containing two thousand six hundred and thirty acres,shall be for ever so far Indevisable as that five hundred acres shall be laid out for the farm, Including what is under fence, and that one thousand acres shall for ever remain in wood or forest, In order to supply the farm with convenient range and with fuel and timber, and In process of time contribute to the support of tho institution, but that the surplus laud over .and above the five hundred, and one thousand acres before specified may be by the trustees to farm let in such tracts as they shall think to the best advantage, provided that no tract of land by this my last will devised shall ever be let on a more extensive ! lease than that of fourteen years, and that every such lease shall contain a condition that 1 the lessees shall not cut or wilfully suffer to be cut any timber or wood from off tho said thousand acres reserved for the use of the farm school, unless by and with the express j permission of tho trustees. And It Is my will, that In case the Agrlcultural Society of South Carolina should against my expectation (the plan being rtlativeto the institution of the Society) should declare or i neglect appointing trustees for taking upon , tliemselvts the execution of this my last will)' and testament, or the trust contained lu the i, same, or that the said Society should at any , time be dissolved, or annihilated, that then j and in each of those cases, the execution of I. this my last will or the trust contained In It, . shall devolve upon such trustees as the lion- . orable Legislature of this State shall please to . name and appoint; and as the aim of this my 1 Inst will and testament is, to raise useiut cm' zons, I do hereby humbly request the honorable Legislature that in i lie above ease, I hey may be pleased to incorporate such trustees as they shall think proper to appoint, under ( such clauses and regulations as in their great) t wisdom shall seem meet; and for the same J ? reason of intending to raise useful citizens to|s tbe state many whereof would, without such |. an Institution, be a nuisance, I bes the honor-j J aide Legislature to graciously pleased to keep j s (the institution under their latherly protee-,. tloii. IJ It Is further my will, that whenever theii, yearly income of the estate by tne bequeathed ; K and devised, shall be adequate to it, such chil-' drcn as shall have completed their education f s at the farm school, provided they have not re-, i sided there a le>s time than Ave years, and ho- .. haved to the satisfaction of the (iusteesdur-i irig their residence, shall receive such gratifl-j cation in cattle from the trustees, as in their Judgment they shall think expedient. ! y I pive and devise to the heirs of the Rev. ill Mr. Samuel Frederick i.uclus, in his lite timel b V. I). M. the Immediately hereafter to be men I r ioned three contiguous tracts of land, viz: me tract of one hundrpd and fifty acres, one ract of one hundred acres adjoining the first, .pd one tract of fifty acres adjoining the two ormer, making together a valuable plantiilon of three hundred acres, more or less, sltlated on Savannah Kiverand Swift creek, In idgefleld county, below the inouth of Little liver, in compensation of such balance of a :onditional bond, by me given to the said Mr. ..ucius, as the heirs think unpaid (110 matter vhether any is duo by me or not), as the execitrix and heirs have hitherto been unwilling >r unable to produce the said bond, though epeatedly by me required and solicited to it n order to verify the dliferent receipts of the taid Mr. Samuel Frederick Lucius for large inms, on the back of the said bond, by which, ind such other vouchers as are in my possession, I believe that the estate rather would bo ound In my debt. Provided, nevertheless, hat the said executrix (now Mrs.Susanna Gibson of the Congarees) and the said heirs, ihali iukI do within one year immediately lucceeilfng the date of my decease, manifest, leclare, and make known to the President ind Agricultural Society of South Carolina, hat they do accept of the said three tracts of and, or plantation of three hundred acres, more or less, In full compensation of what balance may possibly be aue by me on the mid conditional bond, but It is my will that n case the above mentioned heirs shall not manifest, declare, and make known as aforemid, triat they accept of the said plantation >n the conditions above specified, that then :lie said three tracts of land shall make part , >f the mass, and remain annexed to the bulk if the estate by me given and devised, and ihnt In that case, on the said heirs or executrix verifying any balance to be due by me, my said executors or trustees shall please discharge the same. It Is my will, that Immediately after my decease my old negro m?n Hacchus shall be free mil manufitted, as I have considered him to be many years ago, an(Tas that notwithstanding Ills volunary services have been performed with equal honesty and (ldellty.lt 18 my will, that all my common wearing apparel may be given to him, and that during the small remainder of his life be maintained out i)f the 111 con)e of my estate, both In sickness a .d in health, wlih every possible ease and comfort, as his meritorious services deserve every comfort in my power to procure him. I therefore particularly recommend this to my executors and trustees. To my worthy and much respected friends Dr. Edward Jenkins, V. D. M. and his lady, James Llnab, M. 1>. and his lady, and Captain Edward Linah, son of the said James, and to his lady, and to each of them I give one mourning ring of the value of one guinea, which I do request them to accept of, as a testimony that i have only lost the grateful *ense of their friendship with my breath; knowing, that in their circumstances any thing valuable would be beneath their acceptance. To Miss Anne Cook, my present housekeeper, I leave ten pounds sterling In compensation for her services. I do name, request, make and appoint the honorable President and South Carolina Agricultural Society, and such of their member* as they shall please pro tempore to name and appoint to take the execution and trust of tins my last will and testament upon them and their successors in said appointment for ever, executors and trustees to this my last will and testament: and I do request Peter Glbert, Esq., of Millcreek, In said county of Auoeviiip, 10 liiKe ine execuuuii ui it ixj uwiself until such ot the members as the Agricultural Society shall please to name and appoint do take the same upon themselves. And I do by this revoke and annul all former testaments which I may have made at any time previous to this seventh September In the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-six. Whatever ready money I shall have at my decease (in case it pleases God It should be shortly) is known to my above named Executor, Peter Gibert. Esq. JNO. DE LA HOWE, [L.S.] Signed, sealed,'declared and published by the said John De La Howe the testator, as his last will and testament, in presence of p. Gibert, j. Eymerie, Anna Cook. Dr. De La Howe died and this will was proved before the Ordinary In March, 1797. A FAITHFUL TRIAL JUSTICE MAKES A SATISFACTORY EXPLANATION. ? A Full and Complete Vindication of the Action of Mr. Blake in the Dia< charge of His Official Duties. Greenwood, S. C., Nov. 1,18S7. Editor Press and Banner : The Grand Jury whose term has Just expired, certainly deserves the commendation )f the public for their searching scrutiny Into the affairs of the county, and have proven themselves faithful public servants from whose notice the slightest irregularity has not escaped. Their report to the last term of the Court, requires of me the following explanation : I was not present to give them information . In reference to the cases to which they refer In their presentment, because one of their number had told me that under the instructions of the Court, he did not think the Trial Justice's books would be examined; I left mine with him. however, at his request, In the event it should be needed, with the statement that he would bring It to me when he came home. Had I been present I would have explained co the Jury that the fine In the case of Winston Morton had not been collected because of his Inability then to pay, and hence the case was left open for the time rather than commit him, in so trivial a case, and tax the county with the cost. The fine Urto eU/io hfton onH IImoH itvor tA fhtl Treasurer. The ease of Williams was not reported because of his escape. I deferred it till I could ascertain whether the costs could be made out ot him, uelore charging the county. v Learning that lie had been arrested under another warrant, about the time of Court, I forwarded a commitment to the Sheriff, and the case Is now docketed and the costs charged to the county. The case of Robert Cunningham, I did not report because he was never before me, and I am Informed that the pubiic demand against bim as a road defaulter was adjusted outside of my office, and the commutation fee paid to the Treasurer, as required by law. W. K. BLAKE. HON. J. ALTHEUS JOHNSON.; J A Yonng: Month Carolinian's Good Work in ('becking: (lie Fce-Grnbbern?The Reform lie Has Instituted in the Comptroller^ Office. Memphis Appeal. The war which Judge Durham, the first comptroler of the treasury has been waging upon the United States commissioners ot Alabama, on account of the alledged fraudulent manner In which they gathered unto themselves fees, has been productive of good effect. Where, at the time the war was commenced, there was frequently a difference of many hundreds of dollars in the amount of the accounts sent in by the commissioners, there is now no difference. At least, In the last account received from the "infected" district. there was only a discrepancy of 25 cents! which was caused by an error in addition. The man to whom this improved condition of affairs Is due more than to anyone else, outside of the comptroller himself, Is Mr. J. Altheus Johnson, the chief oi the Judiciary divisions, to whom have been presented ail the accounts of these officials. It is to the pains taking efforts of this gentleman that the present licalthy condition in Alabama Is due. Mr. Johnson Is a man of rare ability. He is a southerner oy birth, having first seen the llgh in the historic old County of Abbeville, S. C. He is only twenty-nine years old, and his career has been one to do honor not only to the place of his birth, but also to the whole south. He was educated at Erskine college at Duo West, S. C. From that Institution he graduated with unusual prestige and with the honors of the pluce. He was considered the best essayist and the best debater of the institution, and what is more, he stood high in the estimation of the commuuity. After graduation he taught school In the Counties of Oconee and Union, S. C., and in Haywood Counly, N. C., studying law at the same time. Then he came to Washington to ilnlsh his law studdles and graduated In due course from Georgetown law school. He then went west with a party from the coast and geodetic survey, asd returning east spent the winter In Baltimore, where he was admlLted to the bar of Marylanp. Coming back to this city tie was admitted to practice here. Mr. Johnson was appointed to a alerksliip In the first comptroller's office though the eival service, securing the only vacancy by beating all iiic fY.rtv rfiinnetitors. Tills was in March. ISM, and the following year lie wan promoted to the position ho uo\v holds. Through his hands pass all tho accounts of the United states marshals, clerics of tho United States courts, United States commissioners, and the accounts for the salaries of the United States judges, marshals, attorneys, us well as the sxpenses of the court of claims. For so young i man this is an important position, but tho record he has made since he entered the office is sufficient to Justify his retention In tho place. Diversified Industries. Greenwood, l^ribunt. No town can succeed long without dlversifi>d industries. They are essential to the life of he town, each assisting the other, and all ;iving vitality to the place. The town that huts Itself up to one manufacturing enternise, Is like the farmer that raises but one rop?its money goes to enrich others. Severil small Industries are worth a great deal nore to a town than one large one, although mt few seem to think so?but the town that i.is no manufacturing industry, will not subIst longer than Its more enterprising neightor will require, by a natural process of aborption, to dry It up. Let it be remembered hat your town is a thing of your own making, ,nd is just what you choose to have it. T-.._ .11 ?l.? ,i,l t.\r I. M'illl llIC llllllllll V.I ) wu Villi VI'IIIIIIUII'I " > our \vl?c:? - All.successful wheat raisers are avlsh 111 tills regard. The way to have a liit lorse is to feed him well. So give your wheat ilenty of nou rhlimcnt, and It will thrive.