The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, February 10, 1886, Image 1
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The Abbeville Press and Banner.
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BY HUGH WILSON. ABBEVILLE, S. C., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 1886. VOLUME XXX. NO. 32v M
THOUGHTS FOR FARMERS.
HARD TIMES?THE REMEDY.
The Fanlt at the Farmer's Own Door
?The Martttre Pile and How to In*
crease it ?? Jndlcious Composting^
as Against Commercial Fertilizers i
Oats, Clover and Grans.
In our last we urged a curtailment of money
crops, especially cotton, because it called |
f??r too much labor. It is plainly our policy to
cultivate those crops which require the least
latior, not such as demand the most Under
* existing circumstances the vast amount of labor
involved, is the weak point, the great delect
of a cotton crop. The mere picking of a
bale of cotton costs at least a sixth of what
l that bale will bring at present prices. The
cotton crop Is one of all others least adapted
*- -1 1 r rjrmlni>< nnrlpr
iu iae ejneiiMvc p>omu u>
the opposite or intensive pystem, where the
yield becomes large as compared with the labor
of production, there is some margin for
profit; under the former, where labor reaches
lis maximum and the yield its minimum,
there is scarcely a possibility of profits. The
mutter might as well be looked squarely in
the face; a great many of our people are going
down swiftly to financial ruin, and it is time
to call a halt. There must be a change In our
farm economy ; a blind man can see the ne*
cessity. If a merchant has a mortgage on
your farm, and refuses to give farther credit
tin less you plantcotton, let him take the farm;
it is only a question of time; he will get it in
the end any way. Better start from theground
ngain, with no burden to carry. A one-horse
fhrm can be rented v?ry cheaply and an Industrious,
thrifty, saving man can very soon
fcnake enouuh to buy such a farm. If not so
badly Involved in debt as to require a giving
up of all your land, sell a part, reduce 6tock,
-start out on the intensive plan and resolve to
live at home and buy as little as possible.
"This is no new thing we are urging. Before
the war this was the prevailing practice of the
country. Provisions were raised at home,
and farmers grew richer every year. The
South was wealthy then, but the war reduced
us to poverty, and we made the mistake of
trying to get rich again too fast. We became
practically, speculators; risking everything :
" "r AAttnn /?p/>nc nn/l
on tile venture m tai^c wvw?
like other speculator* while a few have made
money, the great majority have lost It. The .
war lert most farmers with the!"* lands unen<cu!nbered:
how many are free from mortgages
to-day. Mercantile centers have built up and
jrrown rich ; how Is it with the farms? Guano j
factories, and oil mills, and railroads have
sprung up on every hand; somebody makes
money in supplying farmers with what they i
buy and in transporting what they consume. (
Somebody manages to gobble up about all |
they make, and without equivalent, returns; \
for the gobblers have gotten rich, and the far- ,
iners, to say the least, have kept poor. Now .
<do not let us stop with this statement, and ex- |
J>end our wrath upon the gobblers. The fault i
s at the farmer's own door. He has placed .
himself at the mercy of the gobblers, by pur- i
suing wrong methods and practicing a poor ^
furm economy. He gave the middlemen the j
advantage and they took it?had he been In j
their place he would probably have done the i
same. What is more, they will continue to <
take the advantage Just as lone as he contln- {
, ues to give them the chance. The way of es- t
cape is simple and easy. Contract the scale of i
' business; raise and maks at home what you f
need as far as practicable; buy very little; i
keep out of debt. If you have not money to .
buy a thine, do without It: despise not the
day of small things, and ever remember that j
everything of real value grows slowly and
' 4 J
.steadily?trie musnroorn springs ujjiu a ui^uv ,
?the oak requires centurics. j
The Manure Pile.
Next to diminishing labor, ranks increasing 1
the manure pile. >us a remedy for hard times. ]
.Manure enhance* the value of labor. A day's
work may be worih twice as much to the em- ]
ployer if expended on rich or hishly manur<ed
land, (had if spent 011 that which is poor.
To express it mathematically, the manure
pile Is inversely proportional to the labor required
to produce a given yield; the larger
Ihe manure pile the smaller the amount of 'a?
bor needed. It is plain therefore thai a far- {
mer should use every diligence In increasing
his pile. But how. By saving and husband- !
Ing every manurial substance about his prem- {
ises. That is too obvious a proposition to dis- }
cuss. Every good larmer does that as a matter
of course. But that does not answer the ,
question. The more stock, the more manure. :
Shall he keep stock then with a view to mak- j
ing manure. In some localities that Is good J
policy. In many regions of Europe and of :
the North where meat, milk, butter and :
cheese find ready sale in domestic markets at ,
remunerative prices, farmers keep as much !
dock as they can. In the warmer portions of j!
Ihe South, where there are good and extensive ,
ranges, and where cattle require little feeding '
at any season of the year, it is well to do the *
*ame thing. Every animal as it wanders dur- '
Jng the day, is gathering manure to be depos- }
ited in the tarnwyard during the nlsrht. Cow- :
pcuni ng land U one of the very best methods *
of manuring it; both solid and fluid excre- {
1" 1 Aco If Aurn iw t f? If pn ;
Jilt?li b ID nci UiCU UitU'/iiv ivo*C| 14 V?i> V IU vw.?v.. I
to plow the soil enough to keep up Its nbsorp- '
live power; and all the risks of fire-fanglng
and loss of amuionia is avoided. Near the 3
larger cities and towns where stock is in demand
for butcher's meat, it would he profitable
also to keep hs many as can be well fed
and eared for. Even where the profit on the ^
sale of meat is small the manure itself might *
be made to pay a very satisfactory profit. A i
Judicious, managing farmer could even afford ^
to buy bran, meal and other urain, to supple- ^
ment that raised on hlsowu farm, trusting to ,
the manure therefrom to remunerate him for f
the outlay. Speaking broadly, and wit hout '
reference to special locations anu surround- ?
inns, it may be said thai it is sound policy for ?
a. farmer to keep as much stock as is requisite "
to consume all the forage which is raised on *
his farm. It Is very rarely profitable to sell '
straw, shucks, fodder, hay or grain.
How to Increase the Manure Pile. ^
E
But supposing a farmer to be very diligent c
In making and saving manure?that he has a c
Ktall for every animal, ana keeps it well litter- r
ed. how many acres can lie manure to each f
animal. It is estimated that a horse that is c
worked, not confined in his stall all the time, l;
yields in a year about four cords of manure, c
when half of sa d manure Is litter. A cord of e
manure weighs from one and a half to three h
tons, according to dryness and degress of u
packing. Taking two tons as an average. a ?
norse yicius tsay, eigru. tons a .voir, or putuug o
It in a more familiar shape, eight or ten two- a
horse wagon loads. Thai we regard as* a full u
estimate. To manure an acre broadcast will g
require at least fifteen such loads if it is to be *
made rich; thirty loads is not an uncommon y
application iu market gardening. If applied g
In drills fout, feet apart one cord will manure ?i
lightly nearly one and three-quarters acres, as i
a simple calculation will show. Four feet j
rows will give in an acre, in round numbers, |
62 rows 210 feet long, or 10,920 running feet, or i
131,040 Inches. A cord contains 126 cubic feet |
or 221,184 cubic inches, and if these cubic t
inches were strung out like bends on a string, i
tlie string would be 221,184 inches long. Now r
divide 221,184 by 131,<>40 and we get 168 or near- [
ly one and three-quarters. If a cord of ma- \
nure was distributed in a drill, therefore, in a t
stream one inch deep and one wide, it would j t
manure, as 6tated above, nearly one and I g
three-quarter acres, and the manure from one 11
horse (four cords) would manure about six or g
. even acres at that rate. That would be very \
light manuring; it would fall very far short r
of the requisitions of intensive farming, t
These figures are presented to show how very
inadequate the supply of home-made manure ?]
necessarily Is. How to increase it is the ques- e
lion. Fortunately science has revealed to us g
that nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash are j
the substances most needed by plants and t
most difficult for them to get from natural f
sources, and that by adding these to barn- i
yard manure its fertilizing powers may be in- ?
creased maniford. A ton of average Imrn- <
yard manure contains about the following ! i
small quantities of those three substances:
Nitrogen 12 pounds I'
Phosphoric acid ? pounds 11
Potash 13 pounds ?
Now 200 pounds of cotton seed meal or ten *
bushels of seed will contain as much nitrogen ;!1
fifty pounds of an acid phosphate as much J
phosphoric acid, and 10(J pounds of kainit,
nearly as mucn poia*h as the ton of manure.;,
If the*<e three substances, in the quantities;}
named, be added to a ton of barn-yard man- i
ure, the mixtuie will go just as far, will be the !'
lull equivalent of two tons ol'the pure barn- Is
yard manure. We do not mean to say by this J
that they should always be added in those
proportions. Different crops and soils tall
for different proportions, as we have repeatedly
stated lu these columns. That Is not material
to our present discussion. our object be- *
ing simply to show how the pile may be made I
larger. In Home eases four times as much acid <
phosphate may be added to a ton of manure, I <
and its fertilizing power be increased four t
lold. These deductions of science have been '
amply verified by experience and vast quun- 1
titles of such mixtures (composts) are being I
used in this and other States. They ought to t
he used universally. 1
JndleiouM Purchase and n*e of Com* (
auereinl Fertiliser*. J
As the season for composting is at hand, a i
discussion of chemical fertilizers from a com- i
mereial point of view may be both interest- i
ing and instructive. As stated above, uitro- i
\
! gen, phosphoric acid and potash are essential
ingredients of chemical or commercial fertilizers.
The natural or crude substances which
supply them may be varied and numerous,
but theabove three are the valuable ingredients
in them. Now by ascertaining the value
in open market of any article containing either
of the three, and which Is valuable solely
because it contains It, we reach the market
value of tne particular substance. Take phosphoric
acid for example: Ground South Carolina
phosphate rock is valuable solely for its
content of phosphoric acid. It is quoted in
Charleston or New York at so much a ton of
2,000 pounds. It cohtainssay 24 per cent of
phosphoric acid, or -180 pounds In a ton. Now
divide the market price per ton by 480 and we
get the market price per pound of phosphoric
acid in its natural or insoluble condition. In
like manner the market value or price of nitrogen
and potash can be ascertained. The
Directors of the Masi&chilsetts, Connecticut
and New Jersey Experiment Stations, after
getting market quotations of crude or natural
fertilizers, and calculating as above, adopted
the following list of prices as representing
tKn voln/irtf nnmmr^HoloI fertilizer Kllh
J (VI L IJ I 11*3 ItftlUV vr4 vwi(?t?v. I
stances on the 1st of March, J8S4. The prices |
given are retail figures, being wholesale prices
with about twenty per cent, added; ,
Cents per lb. i
Nitrogen, In ammonia salts 22
Nitrogen, in nitrates 18
Nitrogen in dried and fine ground fish 20 <
Organic nitrogen in guano, dried and fine
ground blood and meat 20 \
Organic nitrogen in cotton seed and linseed
meal 18
Organic nitrogen in fine ground bone 18
Organic nitrogen In coarse bone and fish
scraps -10 ,
Phosphoric acid, soluble In water... 10
Phosphoric acid, soluble in ammonium, :
eltrate or reverted ?? 9
Phosphoric acid, insoluble In fine bone 0 |
Phosphoric acid, in fine ground phosphate i
rock 2Vx i
Potash as high grade sulphate 7% \
Potash as kainit 4V. ,
Potash as muriate \
By sampling large stocks from time to time !
during the year 18SJ, analyzing them, and also <
getting retail quotations from manufacturers 1
it was lound that the average prices were a '
little below those adopted oh the lstol March. <
They were as follows (
Average cost. |
Nitrogen in Nitrate of soda 16.9 cents
Nitrogen in sulphate of ammonia 17.1 cents
Nitrogen in dried blood 18. cents
Soluble phosphoric acid from S. C.
rock 8.6 cents
Reverted phosphoric acid from South
Carolina rock 7.8 cents
Potash from high grade sulphate 7.2 cents
Potash from kainit 4. cents
Potash from muriate 3-7 cents J
With these figures, which are probably near
present quotations, one can form a pretty correct
idea of the value of any fertilizer at the
factory. Of course, freight from factory to his
locality would have to be added. Let us eximlne
that of acid phosphate. Suppose the
irtlcle con talus ten per cent, of soluble and
Lwo per cent, of reverted. In a ton there 1
would be 200 pounds of soluble and forty >
pounds of reverted phosphoric acid. 200 |
founds at 8.6 cents would bu worth 817.20, and 1
SO pounds at 7.8 cents would be worth ?3.12, or
520.32 cents a ton. By calculations Just like t
:hiR and Just?? simple, a farmer can find out (
ivliether he is paying too much for nny arti- s
:le. Let us look into the value of a guano or c
immoniated goods. Suppose it to contain c
leven per cent, of soluble, one and a half re- t
Perted, and five insoluble phosphoric ucid, al- s
so two and a half per cent, nitrogen and two t
ser ceut. of potash. These percentages would e
;ive In a ton : S
Phosphoric acid, soluble 140 pounds. ?
Phosphoric acid, reverted 30 pounds.
Phosphoric acid, insoluble 100 pounds.
Sitroiren 50 pounds. .
Potash 40 pounds. ,
Now multiply these numbers by the values i
ier pound: I
[40x8.6 $12.04 J
30x7.8 2 34 ?
.OOx'2'4 2 2-5 i
50x18 9.00 ?
40x1 1.60 t
s
Total ?27.23 a ton. f
The ca?e supposed represents a erst-class t
piano. Observe the diflerence in market valle
between and acid phosphate and an ammo- f
iliited phosphate; the latter costs about one- j'
,liird more. Now a cotton planter, by com- ^
josting stable manure and cotton seed (or cot- t
on seed meal obiained by t>wapping the seed)
,vith acid phosphate, can have a manure bet- ^
r?i ,\ra r?l I n lilu t lliin t.h? hpst, BlianO ill ?
lie market. In other words, ammoniated j
jhosphates or guanos ought to be driven out f
>f the market, not a pound should be bought v
>y a eotion farmer. Composts ought to super- v
>ede them universally. At this point our >,
arm economy has been exceedingly defective, j
rlnndreds of thousands of dollars have been r
ipent annually for ammonlated goods where
here was no need to spend one. Observe we ?
ire not decrying commercial fertilizers; we J,
io not even mean to say t hat ainmoniated ?
jhosphates are not good; they ore excellent ?
nariures. What we mean to say Is, that the j.
sotton farmer can have them through com>osfcs
at a greatly less cost; that he ought to .
my only acid phospaates, and possibly some
tainit, and get his supply of nitrogen from *
vegetable matter In his soil, from the barn- r,
ard and from his cotton seed. Every dollar v
'pent for ammonia on a cotton farm might be ?
saved.
The proper use of fertilizers is no less lm- i
jortant than the Judicious purchase of them. t
Manuring heavily pay* best, because manure ..
nakes labor, and everything else used in pro- i
luclng a crop, yield larger returns. But nea- '
ry manuring must be judiciously done; it is ,
>y no means free from danger. Poor, thin ?
and, destitute of vegetable matter, will not i,
-1-.- I.I...11.. . ...Ill o I(
&k<; neavy miiuuriui; kiiiuij , uvuuvi < * ? ..
oil that is not or cannot be kept in pood tilth i:
i flt recipient for heavy doses of manure. As J
; rule the best lands ona farm are those on f
ehich heavy manuring pays best. Of course J
here is a limit* neavy manuring is not to be L
dvlsed on land that will make seventy-five ,
mshels of corn, or forty bushels of wheat, or f
?ne bale of cotton per acre, but such land is :
iot common ; we mean the best Ian J on ordi-i"
lary farms. If a farmer, who is in the habit | J:
if cultivating fifty acres In cotton and corn,;,
nanuring moderately, would select twenty- J
Ive of his best acres and double the manure }j
in them, he would cl^ar more money. His {
and, too, would steadily improve and become
apable of receiving heavier dosesof manure t
very vear. the saving: half the labor,
talf the number of plow unimals, half the
lumber of plows and other tools, half the
mith bill, keep land filled with humus, break g
leep and cultivate well, and you will never be s
,hie to gather up two much compost to put /
ipon it. Apply heavy dosan of amnion la ted
uanas on poor thin land, destitute of humus, p
hallow broken and poorly cultivated, and
ou may exhaust your vocabulary in abuse of y
;uano, but it should legitimately have fallen j
ipon your own folly and lack of Judgment; .
?o sum up what has been said : condubt busl- /
less on a smaller scale, avoid crops requiring
nucli labor, especially cotton, never raise a j
noney crop to buy provisions, or mules, a
lorses or any other needed thing which can
>e raised at home at reasonable cost. If bad- <s
y encumbered with debt, sell outorsurrenuer | .1
iroperty mid muke a new stiirt; rent a one- | *
lorse farm, by diligence and economy you f
ittl soon be able to buy it. Make and save all t
he manure ycu can and buy acid phosphate j
0 compost with it. Never buy ammoniated /
;oods; plant the best spots of land, manure
hose heavily and cultivate well: sow down ji
urplusland in oats or grass, or if too badly j
worn, give it rest. Get out of the treudmill of
aisiug cotton to buy corn, to raise more cot- c
on to buy more corn. /
Our old methods were good under the conlitions
prevailing before the war, but they are -j
ixeeedlngly defective under existing circum- \
tances. Let us break loose from tiie force of \
uibit and remodel our methods. An agricul- \
tire based on slave labor uud one baved on
ree labor must necessarily differ, t>ut we nave
lot practically recognized the difference. We
till pursue largely the extensive system of
mr forefathers, and use the simple Implements
adapted to freshly clearad lands .
(.bounding in stnmpfi and roots; we employ
abor lavishly, though unsteady, costly and J!
lard to control; we cultivate crops which call 1
or the largest amounts of labor instead of ?.
hose demanding the least, and our methods }
lecessitiite a vast horde of middlemen to be "
upported at our expense. It Is wonderful j a
hat we could have kept up the unequal strug- j
;le so long. A people less intelligent, lessi^
lopeful and eueruetic would have succumbed ! ?
ong ago. Let us take courage and start afresh 5 ?
>n a bet tcr way. We have a goodly land and i \
1 kindly climate ; all we need Is a better farm ] ,
sconomy, a better adaptation to present sur. v
ouudlngs. 1 .
1
Compost!*. s
Whilst composts, put up five or six weeks ;r
> It A?? ft Ha 1 f h Al? O l'A K/kt I
iwr,* aic uw " *??vj ?iu uvm.i
f prepared several months In advance and]
lit down and mixed over after standing five i
>r six weeks. The present is an excellent |
,lme to attend to tills matter. Barn-yard ma-' c
lure, cotton seed, acid phosphate and kalrilt ,
ire the recognized components of u good com-1
jost. The first three are Indispensable, or ra-i ;
,her, manure, or cotton seed and phosphate j
ire indispensable. Manure and phosphate, or c
:otton seed and phosphate, make an excellent! j
irtlcie, but where one has both seed and man- j e
ire it is best to use both. The villus of kainitis
n the compost has not been so clearly deter- f
nlned, hut the probabilities are that it con- s
tributes to the value of the compost, as a sol- o
/ent of other materials, as a fixer of ammo- c
lia, and, to some cxteut, as plant food. The I y
?
mixture, made according to Furman's formula,
1r a pood, average compost, adapted to
most crops and most soils. Itcoqslstsof manure,
thirty bushels of cotton seed, 400 pounds
of acid phosphate and 200 pounds of kainit.
These may be put up In thin alternate layers,
or thorouehly mixed. In all eases care must
be had that the whole mass Is well moistened
and well tramped: cover the top with several
inches of rich earth. If not built under shelter,
put in pens and make four feet high ; this
thickness will absorb rain without leaching.
On land that is in good heart, well broken nnd
well cultivated, 3,400 pounds; the aggregate
weight of the substances above may safely be
applied to one acre. Half that quantity would
make a fair ordinary manurlns, equal to
some 300 pounds or more of a good gunno. A
cheap, efficient and rapid distributor of such
compost adapted to our modes of culture, is a
great desideratum. We need drill rather than
broadcast distributors.
OatH.
It is advisable tosow some oats this month;
it will give another chance at this valuable
crop, though February oats are quite liable to
be cut off by drouth. But It is a good and safe
rule for a farmer to take all the chances he
can. As spring oats tiller very little, they
should be seeded very thickly, and as they
have to make in a very short time, tuey ought
to be manured well. All quick growing crops
r.,11 f?i. inn,i oooiiv ott,i ,,,,i,.k|v obtainable:
they cad't wait. The Burt is considered a
arood spring oat; it matures very early, but is
not so heavy as the rust-proof, and, Upon the
whole, we would rattier trust a good strain of
tiie latter.
Clover and Grass.
These may be sown towards the last of the
month, and preparations for them Is in order.
A.a these crops oocupy the land for some years,
It ought to be thoroughly brpken and brought
to the finest tilth. Clover calls for lime and
potash; grass needs these with the addition of
nitrogen. Barnyard munure is good for both,
is it contains all the elements needed by
plants. Seed heavily and brush in lightly.
Stiir soils are best suited to both of these
jrops. but the tall meadow oat will do well on
pretty light soils. Whenever grass can be
successfully grown it is an unusually valuajrop,
under existing circumstances, because it
jails for so little labor. A well established
ield of orchard or Blue grass will last twenty
years or more and stock will do all the harvesting;
an occasional topdresslng the only
mtlay required.
JAMES COLEMAN STUART.
1 Pft?t<rr'8 Worthy Tribute to the
Memory of a Koblc Young: Man,
Whose Life was Beautiful and
Whose Death was Assuring: of a
Blessed Immortality.
Jaines Coleman Stuart, fourth son of the
ate Dr. John A. Stuart of Ninety-Six, S. C.,
vas born on the 7th, September, 1866; tie detaeto.i
tiiic iifonn tIia Wnl riuv nf Snntember.
885, being: 19 years and 10 days old.
At the time of his death he was a student in
he University of South Carolina. He was
celing badly when he came home in June to
,pend his Summer vacation Having been
:onflned very closely In the college and In the
:ity of Columbia for several months, it was
laturai when he got out into the country to
eek recreation and pleasure in roaming over
he farm with his friends. In doing tnis he
ixposed himself to the scorching rays of the
Summer's neat. Not being accustomed to
his, it was too much for him. Itbroughton
i severe attack of typho-malarial fever which
esulted in his death.
James Stuart was a noble young man ! He
eaves a host of friends to mourn his death.
Vt college he was very popular among his felow-students.
He was kind iu disposition,
>olite in manners, and chaste in conversation,
iis eldest brother, who had been intimately
issociated wllh him told the writer on the
lay of his death that, he hud never heard him
itter a word whicft he could not with proprley
use in the presence of ladies. Possessing
inch traits of character as these, it is cot surmising
that he drew around him such a host
if friends and admirers both at home and at
ollege. i
In 1881 he made a public profession of his I
alth in the Lord Jesus Christ and connected j
limsclf with the Presbyterian church. At;
hat time he seemed to be determined in his '
>urpose to live, by the grace of God, for Him i
rho had bought him with His own precious
4ood. And, as far as we know, he led a conistent
christian life till the day of his death.J:
ie died In the triumphs of the curisuans
alth. He was conscious to the last. "While
lis body was riipldly falling under the attackB
vhich the dreadful disease was making upon 1
itin, his mind appeared to be as clear us ever,
ie spoke with a great deal of calmness and <
easonjust before his spirittook inflight. On i
he day before his death his pastor had a very !
ileasant and satisfactory interview with him
>11 his spiritual condition and prospects. He i
ave unequivocal evidence of his acceptance I
fitli God. He said that tlio blessed Savior 1
lad sustained him by His grace and that He I
fas very near and dear to him. He seemed 1
o be getting ripe for heaven rapidly. While 1
redid not think the end was so near; yet, I
hp blessed Savior knew, and no doubt He
ras preparing him for the great change which
k'as soon to coine over him. And wo have
he strongest evidence that.Iesus was right by
Is Mde when he was brought face to face with i
he last great enemy; iOr, he met death with
lie greatest christian bravery and fortitude. <
0 death, where Is thy sting ? 0 grave, where
s thy victory? The sting of death Is sin; 1
nd the strength of sin is the law. But '
hanks be to God, which glveth us the victory i
hrough our Lord Jesus Christ." He was per- <
BCtly willing to die; for, he knew what was
ti store for him. Such adeath as this Is worth i
tifinitely more than all the honors and emo- !
uments of this world. No diubt our young I
riend and brother has heaped upon hitn now I
ufinltely greater honors than he could ever <
inve achieved In this world. "For our 1 iht
flllction, which Is but for a moment, worketh '
jr us a Jar more exceeding and eternal weight '
f glory." We have the assurance that nis i
ondltlon now Is transcendently better and I
nore desirable than'it ever could have been <
ii this life. "For we know that if ourearthly j
iouse of this tabernacle were dissolved, we
ave n uhuhid^ 01 uou, a nousc nuimuue wnu
mnds, ftternal In the heavens."
After his death his mother found these beau- 1
Iful lines in his trunk: 1
Our God is faithful! Time moves on, to And i
UK I
till Rineins of the mercies left behind us. <
till taking, as we sing, of some Iresh store; i
ind looking trustfully for those before. I
low can we doubt, with memories to cheer .
us ? i
low can we sorrow, with his lovo so near us? i
low can we faint, while he his strength to ,
give,
ind we, by faith, his proffered grace receive? ]
-ike ns a father, pitying, he leadR us,
Lnd, daily, with some heavenly morsel feeds (
us:
ees to our ailings, hushes our alarms, i
ind bears us, weary, in his loving arms. I
le who has led thus far, will never leave us,
Jotll he at hi* heavenly home receive us; i
'here we shall see his face, and then adore.
LIU IUIIU Ulll IIUIIjO I.U jjminc ijiiij e<si uiviv.
l few more stages, on our Journey golnc, i
ind we shall reach where Jordan's stream Is:
(lowing;
>ur faithful God will cleave Its swelling tide, i?
Liid land us safely on the other side.
'here Ebenezer* shall he lost in Joy for ever, ! <
Vhere sorrow, s'n, and want can enter never, I
V'hlle, In a day that knows no coming nighl,!
Ve'll bless the faithfulness that kepi us right." i
W. G. N. (
"Economic."
The opposition to the census seems to have
een Imsed on purely economic, grounds. It.
< conceived by the opponents of the measure !
hat the expenses would he too much for the 1
ood to be accomplished. That, is our view.
Vo think the state can well siftord to wait a 1
bw years longer.-- Wiiinsbovo News and HerId.
<
"Economic grounds" had very little io do '
rlth defeating the census. The census was
efc tied by Charleston and the low-country,
,nd It is wrong to try to dlsmtise it or excuse '
t. The Journals of 1X81 and is<<5 will prove it.
Hid the purpose was to retain an unjust adMitnge.
But suppose It hnd been "economic grounds." i
s the Suite Constitution to be violated for the
ake of economy ? Is that our contempora! '?
Uvlaw" nliin*?\'tntiht*rrtt Ohsutrn/tr.
Kindly Mention.
The Columbia Rcguter In noticing our ao
ountlast week of the Court proceedings in
he Ferguson cnsc, makes the following kinder
mention of our paper:
The Abbeville Press n?d Banner with a most
ommemliible enterprise, in view of the treat
ntercst to the public of the questions discuss- j
d. ns well as the absorbing concern in the realtor
the motion, secured and published a i
nil report of the proceedings, inelndlngevery
peech made, and they appeared In the issue
if thut paper yesterday, occupying eight full 1
olumna of nonpareil, equal to at least three
lages of the Rcgidcr."
BIG FIRE IN GREENVILLE.
THE CLEVELAND BLOCK DESTROYED BY
FIRE LAST THURSDAY NIGHT.
The Origin of the Fire nnd its Progress?The
Firemen and their Noble
Work Against Odds?The Losses
nnd the Insarance?Xaines of
the Sufferers, and What they Intend
to do.
Greenville New*.
A brief and hastily constructed account of
the disastrous fire of Thursday night was
priuted in the edition of the News issued yesterday
afternoon. Fuller particulars have
since been obtained and are given below:
The "Cleveland block" was built about eleven
years ajro and consisted of a two-story
building with front and rear walls of brick and
divided on the ground floor into four large
store rooms by latli and plaster partitions. In
the second story there were a number of hall
ways, offlceR and rooms. Flights or steps ran
frnm iho fmnt. nn Main street,, hetween the
partitions dividing the stores, to landings on
the second floor nnd thence down to the rear.
The block adjoined a large square two story
brick building at thecornerof McBee avenue
and Main street also belonging to Mrs. Mary
Cleveland, the owner of the Cleveland block,
divided on the street into two stores. At the
other end, toward the Court House, the three
story brick building occupied by J. C. C. Turner
joined the block, rising considerably
above it.
In the rear the Cleveland block had but one
story lighted by sky-lights, forming the rearof
the stores.
The store nearest T. B. Ferguson's was occupied
by L. Rothschild, clothing and furnishing
goods dealer; K.G.McPherson's book and stationery
store was next door and M. J. Mullane,
dry goods, and A. Rosenthal, clothing,
came next.
Tho fire was first discovered in Mr. McPherson's
store by a large tiger cat known as "Caesar.
' and kept by Mr. McPherson as a pet. A
stove 6tood about the centre of the store and
a pipe ran from it straight up through the second
floor and into the office of w. L. Bell,
book agent, where the pipe of another stove
Joined it through a drum. A space of two feet
clear surrounded the pipe leading from below,
and the floor was further guarded by zinc
pintlng.
The action of the cat in persistently leaping
011 the counters and shelving and crying attracted
Mr. McPherson's attention to the celling
several times, until at last he saw a spotof
Are about the size of a penny near the pipe.
He immediately sent to the engine house of
the Lee company,a blodt away, to give notice.
Messrs. Thomas Sloan, Jas. O. Lewis and others
had heard the cry of fire and rushed upstars
to Mr. Bell's office. There they found the
floor burning around the stove and immediately
threw all the water they could find on it.
It is thought that eight or ten buckets of water
applied quickly at tills time would have extinguished
the flumes, but that quantity could
not be obtained soon enough. The smoke had
by this time become stifling. It was 9.30.
The Lee steamer was promptly put Into position
at the nearest cistern and a line of hose
was quickly run up stairs. The block has long
been regarded by firemen ae a death trap bocause
ol the thin brick walls, absence of dividing
wailsand complicated structures of frame
partitions and stairways on the second story,
but the men rushed in readily and pointed
their nozzle at the burning place. They waited
and waited, but no water came In response
to their cries. The engine was out of order.
Opinion was divided as to whether the valves
had been cutout by the sand in taking water
from Richland creek ai the last tire or whether
there was an accumulation of Ice. However
it was, the machinery positively refused to
work and many precious minutes were lost.
The Palmelto hand engine, managed by colored
firemen, responded to the call of the bell,
which was not sounded until some time had
been lost with the Lee engine. To the dismay
of the firemen and thecrowd It was found that
the Palmetto's pumps were irozen tight as
iron and refused to draw water. By this time
the fire had eaten Its way along the flooring
and partitions toward the rear and began to
glimmer through the windows over-looking
the low roof and climb on the sashes and cornices.
The Pioneer truck was on the ground
and had its ladders run up at the rear, while
axemen and members with hooks did what
they cou'd In preparing lor the hose.
Very lew minus were removeu irum m?
stores, partly because it was thought the tire
could be managed, niul partly because the
building might tumble in at any time. A large
eap piece crowning the front wall was especially
feared, and Chief of the Fire Department
Reilly and the police kept Alain street I
as clear as possible, while the firemen were instructed
to enter trie building and throw their
streams only from the rear.
The Neptune hand engine company arrived
and immediately put on a stream from the
roof of the one story in the rear. They were
quickly followed by the Lee steamer, which
?ot two streams at last. But the firemen worked
under great difficulties. The ladders became
masses of Ice as did the tin roofs and the
ground wherever the water fell. The cold was
intense and sevpral men had their hands
frozen to the nozzles while thoseon the brakes
were compelled to stop work at short intervals
to get life and feeling into their numbed fingers.
No definite idea could be obtained of the location
of the lire. It burned apparently slowly,
but In the middle of the house, spreading
both sides, eating through partitions, floors
[ind stairways, showing now at one window
and then at another while the dense smoke
obstructed views and men could not enter anywhere
because they did not know but that any
floor they stood on was afire underneath and j
ready to drop through. A naming, tneneciuai
fight was kept up for four hours. Sometimes
the tire seemed to subside; then it would suddenly
burst, out in a new place, revealing a
muss of fiaineand blazing coals. All the time
the darkness, the cold and ice, the occasional
stopping of the engines or bursting of hose
tind the ever present feeling of imminentdanECer
combined to dishearten, discourage and
demoralize the firemen, who, nevertheless,
<tuck to their work as bravely and stubbornly
as men ever did.
At one o'clock the roof went down and the
flames, freed front all restraint, leaped high in
Lhe air, lighting the sky. while smoke rolled
nut in thickening volumes. By this time the
sidewalks along Main street opposite the
burning block were packed with a dense crowd
of people attracted by the continuous ringing
ol the fire bell, and many of them were pressed
into service on the brakes of the hand engines.
After the roof went in the firemen
were ordered back from the lower roof to the
ground and from that time threw their
streams from there or from ladders against
the side walls ol the stout old building at the
uorner.
The tire now burned very rapidly and fiercely
and the entire block was soon a mass of j
flames shining from the top and gleamingi
through the empty spuces where windows and
doors hud been.
* ' " '* tn/VHA AAMAAn. i
AIIA1CI) UIIU UtlCUI'lUJl WUIU UlCII WHWVIItrated
on tlie tall and strong fire wall of the
building next south of the burning block,
owned and built by L. B. Ollneand occupied
by J. C. ('. Turner. Thin wall guarded the
stores of J. C. C. Turner, furniture and coffins;
t\ P. Mlmnaugh, dry goods; Gilreath & Pation,
household goods, crockery and tinware;
Henry Kneble, liquors and tobacco, and Julius
U. smith, auctioneer and agricultural implements,
in whose building the A'euvr office and
two lawyers offices are located. All of the
stores mentioned contained Ifir^eand valuable
stocks. If the Turner wall had gone nothing
could have saved them, and probably $75,XX)
of property would have burned.
The flames leaped and roared against this
wall, lapped over it.and threw driving showers :
of sparks and hlazin;: fragments of wood upon
ihe tin roofs. Half a dozen times the I
ularm was given that the fire had got over the I
barrier and that, the Turner building had!
saught and men began to remove articles of
furniture from the ground floor nnd stock I
Ihem against the Mansion House across the
street while the occupants of some of the second
story offices further down also moved out. i
A stream was now played from the front
against the wall and into the fire near it to J
mitlsinto the heat and keep down the flames j
us much as possible. The wall held. The fire:
went Its fury and becran to burn lower and it I
was seen that the danger was over.
Meantime a hard tight was being made at
the other end of the block to save l he corner
building, the cornices and roof of which took
fire at half past two o'clock. Here the firemen
fought insldeand out. The tiff got In the dangerous
place between ceiling and roof and the
Pioneers went in, tore holes in the ceiling and
ran short ladders from the lloor to It. Tho nozsiemeu
put their heads and nozzles through
these holes and played on t ho tire until suil'o-1
cation compelled them to drop back and give |
place to others waiting to relieve them. Out-1
side the men clung to ice coated ladders with :
their elbows and used the nozzles with their '
hands. All the goods were removed from the:
Ferguson and Heaves stores and at lust, at. |
four o'clock, after a tight of six hours, the
building was safe.
From that time the work was done by the!
Palmetto firemen who remained on the j
ground giving water at intervals from a cis-l
tern in McHee avenue, filled from tho big cis-!
tern in Coffee street by the steamer; a stream'
being thrown wherever dangerous Haines np-i
pea red either in the Cleveland block or in the I
corner building.
The firemen were completely exhausted by
their long fight. Many of thciu weut home 1
with clothing frozen stiff, and they gathered
up their apparatus when the struggle was over
wearily enough?sore, tired and cold.
Chief Reilly became completely exhausted
nt about 2 o'clock and was curried home by his
friends. He was unable to leave his bed yesterday.
Six Are cisterns, containing nearly 200,000
gallons of water, were emptied on the lire
through the hose of the different companies.
The front wall of the burnt block fell In at9
o'clock yesterday morning with a great crash.
There was much pillage of property being
removed. J. L. Reaves lost very heavily lrom
this cause, and it Is likely that much of Mr.
McPherson's stock would have been saved if
It bad not been that as soon as his doors were
opened parties rushed in and began stealing
right and left. By the time this crowd was
ejected and a force of trustworthy men had
been collected it was too late to save more
than the account books, a show case and a few
miscellaneous books. L. Rothschild got out
clothing to the valtle of probably 8500 or 81,000.
Iiis books and some other valuables were in
his safe and were gotout yesterday uninjured.
Messrs. Rosenthal and Mullane saved nothing
but their books and a safe belonging to Mr.
Rosenthal.
The stock of the late T. B. Ferguson was
brought out, but wub considerably damaged
by handling.
As well as can he estimated roughly, the total
loss is between $50,000 and 800,000; Insurance
about 843,000. All the parties damaged
have some insurance.
The following are the losses and insurance :
Mrs. Mary Cleveland's losson block and corner
buildings, S20/XK); insurance, 815,300.
J. L. Reaves, grocer) insured for 51,000, which
will cover his loss.
Estate of T. B. Ferguson Insured for 82,000,
1 which will cover the loss.
L. Rothschild, clothing, insurance 810,000;
loss, estimated,814.000.
R. G. McPherson, books, Insurance, $2,000;
loss, 84,000.
M. J. Mullane, dry goods, insurance, $10,000;
loss, 813,500.
A. Rosenthal, clothing, insurance, 82,000,
which will nearly cover loss.
J. C. C.Turner, loss all by removal, fully covered.
Dr. J.W. Norwood, dentist, insured for 8341;
loss, Sl.lKK) or more.
A. C. Welborn, Insured for 8400. Loss cover
ed.
All this block is located in Sanborn's map,
sheet 3, block 13, Nos. 635, 630,637 and 638. totally
destroyed. Same block, 630 and 640, slightly
damaged.
Main street looks desolate and forlorn with
a smoking pit full of bricks, charred ttmbers
and twisted iron where there was a row of imposing
and fully stocked business houses
Thursday. The fronts of the buildings left
standing are amass of ice.
R. G. AlePherson will go north immediately
and lay in a new stock. He will open within
t wo weeks in the store recently occupied by J.
jl. jDriunieii* 111 ine iviauiuui omcj*, ivium bucci
near Washington. M.J. Mullnno will probably
re-open an soon as possible iu the store recently
occupied by Roberts & David, Main
street between Washington and McBee avenue.
Messrs. Rothschild and Rosenthal have
not yet announced their plans, if they have
formed any.
The Cleveland block will be rebuilt as rapidly
as possibly and on an improved plan. The
idea of tearing down the building at the corner
and building a uniform and handsome
block of six two or three story buildings is being
considered.
It is proper to say in concluding this account
that the proprietor of the News appreciates the
annoyance caused readers of a daily newspaper
by the skipping of an issue and has always
heretofore obeyed the newspaper maxim,
"get out your paper in any circumstances
and atall hazards." Rut he feltdurlngThursday
night that he could not use his force more
to the public interest and his own than having
it aid the flsht against the fire that threatened
so many thousands of dollars of property
and the JVeius office itself.
When the danger was over yesterday morning.
work in the office was an impossibility
and the New.t of yesterday did not appear until
six o'clock yesterday afternoon.
The lire is the most destructive had here
since 1877 when the old opera house and the
block attached in Coffee slreet were burned.
The loss exceeds that of the academy of music
fire in 1879, and makes the event rank as the
second greatest conflagration this city has
known in its history.
IT PAYS.
What a Believer;in Prlntcr'8 Ink has
to Say About Advertising.
A gentleman who has found that advertising
pays has the following say, which may be
of some benefit those business men who "hide
their light under a bushel: "I am a firm believer
in advertising, and think that great pennninrv
tmnafltK miiv he derived I'rom it when
carried on in a judicious manner. I have done
some of it myself with good results and have
nhvays contended that newspaper advertising
Is the best. The keenest and most successful
business men employ the columns of the
newspapers as thetr medium of reaching the
people. Men have otten lold me that they
have watched the effect of advertising certain
articles, and, old business men and advertisers
though they were, have been surprised at
the excellent results attained. It is not the
one who advertises by spurts?fits and starts,
as it were?who sees and receives the greatest
benefits. It is he who keeps his name and
business before the people corstnntly, week
nfterwrek, that reaps the reward. I would
not keep an advertisement the same the year
round, unless I sought simply to couple my
mime with my business, but would change it
frequently, even if it cost more. In old times,
If you changed the reading of your yearly advertisement
ofteuer thr.n once in three
months you were compelled to pay extra for
setting it up. Now you can have It changed
any reasonable number of times in a year
without extra cost Tho person who keeps
his name and an attractive advertisement before
the people all the time is sure to realize
from it. If yon want to buy shoes the person
whose nnine you see in the newspapers every
H.H. In nnnno/>!lnn wlf.h this hrnnfll (if tnidp.
comes to your mind unscrupulously. You
feel acquainted with him before you have seen
him. This Is common sense, and all judicious
advertisers know it."
"Figures that Mislead.*'
Georgetown Enquirer.
The News and Courier recently publiseed a
review of the industrial progress of South
Carolina, in which it was claimed tli.it during
the last five years the increase in the wealth
of the .State amounted to $P>x,000,ikX). This
would be a very cheerful nnd gratifying exhibit
if the theory of our able contemporary,
that every new enterprise represents an increase
of wealth to the extent of the amount
of capital invested, could be accepted as correct.
Til a Abbeville Pres.* and Banner, com
menting on these flirures, exposes the fallacy
of the assumption that they prove what is
claimed.
It is manifestly a begging of the question to
hold that the Investment of a given amount
of capital in a manufacturing industry constitutes
a proportionate addition to the aggregate
wealth of the State, for the simple
reason that the enter prise established is only
pre-existing capital converted Inloanotner
form. In order that the assumption should
be true, it must be shown that the new enterprise
represents capital brought into the
State for investment. The Pre/si and Banner
Is right, therefore, when it compares this sort
of logic to that which counts a merchant's
gross sales us net profits. IL might with equal
rMiivnii |,f> Asserted thnt, smods. purchased l>v
otir merchants in New York and paid for by
sending money out of the State, represented
an Increase in wealth. And yet to state such
a proposition Is at once to reveal its fallacy.
It Is not denied that there has been a considerable
increment in the wealth of South Carolina
during the period covered by the
und Courier'.* statistics, but wo are satlstlad
Unit Its magnitude mis neen exaggerated. it
is pleasant to contemplate evidences of procress,
especially where the proof is incontrovertible,
but no siood result citn be obtained
by over-estimatlnit our growth. It is better
for States, us it is for individuals, not. to sail
under tales colors. When the real facts become
known, the ronction is likely to be dangerous.
The AV?/? and Courier doubtless has
the good of the State at heart. It should take
care not to frustrate its own purposes by publishing
figures, which though honestly complied,
are yet calculated to mislead.
DR. ARMSTRONG CONVICTED.
Tlic Clinrge of "Immoral Revelry"
only Partially Sustained.
News and Courier.
Atlanta, Ga., February o.?Bishop Beck
with announced the doclsion of the Ecclesiastical
Court in the Armstrong case this
morninir. The Court found Armstrong guilty
of violating his ordination vows, In that he
confessed drinking beer in a hotel and visiting
houses of ill-fame. Although on a lauda- j
hie mission it was not setting a good example
to his flock. The penalty is not more than
ten years' suspension, but the Bishop has not
yet pronounced sentence.
Tjif. second session of the Greenwood Female
College begins this week. Several new!
btudcuts have arrived. I
f
THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
THE PAY OF TEACHERS?THE AVERAGE
ATTENDANCE OF SCHOLARS?THE
SCHOOL AGE.
The School Commissioner Sf Abbeville
County Makes Many Suggestions
of Vital Importance to the
People.
Office of School Commissioner
Abbeville County, 1
Abbeville, S. C., Jan. 14, 18#6.
The County Hoard of Examiners have agreed
that the monthly pay of teachers shall be according
to grade of certificate, or grade of
school, as follows :
First Grade, Twenty-Five Dollnrs.
Second Grade, Eighteen Dollars.
Third Grade* Ten Dollars.
mw a * tntnlmum ntrAMna nnmKni* ftf r?11.
mat uic iiiiuiiuuiu urvingg uuiuuvi vi
pils per month that shall entitle a teacher to
full pay in country schools shall be 15; in incorporated
villages and towns tf). In casus
where the average number between the ages
of 6 and 16 falls below the minimum the trustees
shall pay a per capita share of the monthly
pay.
The following changes of general Importance
to trustees and teachers have been recently
made in the School Law :
1. Certificates granted by County .Boards are
valid for 2 years, and are renewable with or
without examination, at the discretion of the
said Boards. ?
2. It shall not be lawful for any person who
is less than six or more than eighteen years of
age, to attend any of the free public schools.
The law requires the trustees to mept as early
as practicable in the year, in order to locate
the schools aud elect teachcis. This ought to
be done before the 1st of February of each
year, so that by that time all the schools of
the district shall have been established and
all the teachers employed. No school ought
to be opened after the first week in February
unless under peculiar circumstances. The apportionment
of the school fund to the several
school districts is made on the 1st of February,
or as soon thereafter as practicable. Unless
the.trustees fix some limit to the time during
which they will coutract with teachers of public
schools, they cannot know the number of
teachers nor their grade in time to ascertain,
with the accuracy that the subject demands
the length of the school term for their districtThe
trustees, therefore, are urged to ascertain
as soon as the apfortionment is maae me
length of the school term for their district and
report the same to all the teachers and to the
School Commissioner. Theschool term of each
school of the Fame district, for the time It is
operated as a public free senool, should be the
same.
There has been a gt ear defect iu the administration
of the school law in respect to the location
of schools. In some places the schools
are located too neareach other. This distribution
of the forces and efforts of a community,
as well as the distribution of the public fund
has had the effect of shortening the school
term, and depriving such unfortunate communities
of the Influence and advantages of
one good, well-paid, well-equipped and well
sustained school. I recommend to the trustees
the sentiment of a distinguished commander,
who, when asked the secret of his
success, promptly replied, "J concentrate my
forces
In some places, on the other hand, the
school* are too far apart. The effect has been,
probably, more disastrous than in cases where
the schools are too near each other. It has
lessened, alarmingly, the attendance In the
county schools, arid, doubtless, smothered the
spark of genius in many a worthy youth.
This part of the school law is as difficult of administration
as it is Important. While the
law requires the trustees to pay due regard to
any school house already built, or sites procured,
it also requires them to have regard to
"other circumstances proper to be considered
so as best to promote the educational interest
of the district." I am disposed to believe that
there are schools In the county that ought to
be removed from their present location, and
established in places accessible to a lareer
number of children who are not now within
a convenient distance of any school. No two
public free schools for the same race ought to
he within less than Ave miles of each other.
Two and a half miles is not too great a distance
from a good school, -r-f very few only will
be required to go even tins distance, ana iney
ran, surely, well afford to do so, if, by having
fewer schools, we increase the length of the term
and. the efficiency of those that we have.
It is a lamentable fact, known even to the
casual observer, that in some sections of the
county there is an increasing disposition, on
the part of parents, to shift the responsibility
of their children's education from themselves,
where it properly belongs, to the public, where
it belones only incases of extreme poverty
and misfortune, or wilful neglect. They demand
that the public, which cxactsfrom them
a few dimes for school tax,shall in return educate
their children, build and repair their
school houses, and even pay the incidental expenses
ol the school. This disposition ought
to be checked at every point, and especially in
the matter of building and repairing school
houses. It is a manifest injustice to the teachers
to take any part of their already too 6mall
salary and appropriate it to building and repairing
school houses. The school house Is a
local matter, and the community ought to
build it at tueir own expense. The circumstances
ought to be very exceptional Indeed,
which would induce the trustees to appropriate
any part of the public fund to building
and repairing school houses. I feel sure that
my views on this subjest will not be well received,
but I believe them to be fight, and
that is a sufficient reason for me to recommend
them to the earnest consideration of the
trustees.
win nloncp kpp tr? It. that, the
111V bi uouvwa "*|?
teacher's monthly reports are properly filled
out, as the School Commissioner's annual report
is based upon these monthly reports.
Any letter conveying suegestlons and recommendations
to trustees is essentially defective,
that does not ask their hearty support In
the proper administration of the school Jaw,
in raising the standard of teacher's certificates,
in increasing the efficiency of the
schools, in arousing an interest in the all-important
subject of properly rearing and educating
our children, and in making during the
short period of our office, unmistakable advances
all along our own nnes in the grand
march of education.
Respectfully,
GEO. C. HODGES,
.School Commissioner A. C.
The I>isal?lcd Confederate Soldier
and Xegro Education.
Greenwood Light.
The Con federate soldier is n thing of the
past, and negro education is the white man's
crnz^of the present.
The conk-derate soldier was a true and
brave Southron, who defended with every
impulse of his mind and body hi* country's
cause, his Individual honor and property,
and his wife's and children's virtue ana lireside.
Negro education is the confederate soldier's
I wages, and the want of bread and clothing
I the disabled soldier's inevitable condition, as
[ long as negro education elevates the negro up
the ladder of fame by the tax-payer's money.
The confederate soldier is a white man,
and in many Instances a poor disabled soldier,
whose wife and children can scarcely
get a single meal per day, and who no doubt
[ would thank God 11 white people would asisisttliem.
'Die negro Is a black man, and
asks no favors and gives r.one, whose children
are hugged up and educated by that noble
class of South Carolinians who has forgotten
lhe poor soldier and his children for
the negro.
wiion ti?o snlfllor tonic farewell of his
weeping wife and crying children for the
tented field, lie went trusting that II' lie fell
iiis own dear South Carolina would be "a husband
of his wire nnd a lather to Ills children."
O, soldier of tho South and dead comrades !
What a pity we sacrificed so much for the negro,
und did so liulo for ourselves and families.
The idea of highly educating the negro in
the arts and sciences to make him u better
citizen is the rotten philosophy of the heart- j
gushing demagogue and self-aggrandizing
politician anil nothing c/sp.
The lost leg, the missing arm and mangled
body need the assistance as well a* sympathy
of bolt til Carolina. ORPHAN.
If vou want, a good breech loading shot gun
at New York cost, call on 1'. Rosenberg A Co.
A small amount invested in window glass
and prepared putty will make your houses
much more comfortable for the winter. Class
cut to fit any sosli by Speed & Xe utter. }2-!?.
Always on h ind, a large lot of white lead,
prepared paints, linseed oil, p;iint brushes,
which you ran buy in any quantity from
Speed *\r NeuJIer. 12-9.
Hu.v the Golden Machinery Oil for engines,
gins, Ac., sold by Speed Nuulfer, 1:M).
.Jewelry! Jewelry ! ! For holiday presents.
Just received a most beautiful assortment of
ladies scarf pins, bangle pins, bracelets, necklaces.
ear drops, lace pins, oxydized pins, Makado's
Infant bib pins, infants pet name pins.
These are the handsomest and best, goods we
have ever shown. K. M. HADDON A CO. 12-2
Thomas McGkttioan. of the old reliable
ralmetlo Saloon, has gruntly reduced the
prices of his tine old pure goods. (Jive him a I
call and see for yourselves before buying adul-,
terated liquors,?Adv. '
\ p
NINETY-SIX BOOMS.
-? ?,:r' '
Her Splendid Rnllroad Prtspecte*Her
Poor Crops of Small Grain?_
Her Enterprising Merchants?Several
Riddles and Many Personal
Matters. / '
Nixety-Six. S. C., Feb. 8,188fl.
Miss Jolinnie Abney, who has been away-' ;
from home for some time, has returned.
The blhszard last week has about finished
the oats, and we understand the wheat crop Is "
also badly injured. 1 , "
The "Regulators" who are looking after certain
parties whpfcave not lived as thev should \ , ,
Hve*nave been* making some inquiries in our
section.
Mr. E: 9. Addison has purebaied a pair of
Normaii hnrsfrftnlN THipit ?? cmnA <-> ->
have fallen Into good vbands. Sir. Addison Ik
a tine judge ana handler of horses or stock ot
any kind.
Mr. Joseph Wilson is a great admirer of the
human family; but especially lotes the man
who pays him the cash.
Mr. A. B. Still continues his visits to the second
township. We ?|on't know Whether he is
electioneering or what' he is a^nt, but Ire le '
nevertheless very much In earnest. This 18J
right, my young frlemj,- "Faint hqart never'
won fair lady." * ;
Mr. Marshall Smith has rented the Jfriek
store of McGowan & Moore, and trill Often ?/
large stock of general merchandise. He is a
young man of energy and buBirfeM tact, and",
we hope he will succeed. './*
Dr. T. W. Chiles, one of the dlrefctOTfe of the
Atlantic, Greenville and Western Railway '
Company, called in to see us a few days ago.
He is greatly encouraged, and says thmtearo' *.
moving along all right on the lower section.-' :
Ninety-Six is blessed with two butchers^
"Competition is the lifeof trade,"and we bopsC"
now to be able to get some flrsuclass meat. ' '
Seed oats are boomlngand are readily bringing
seventy-live cents, and are hard to get at
that price.
President Hammett has Issued a circular letter
to the people along the line of the narrow
guuge railroad, which we hope will have a
tendency to remove all opposition to the en- v ?,
terprlse.
A pound party at Mr. Robert C. Calhoun's . s~ W
one nieht last week was an enjoyable occ#?
sion. The young folks were dellghtee.
Mall route Inspector E. B. Treutlen has paid
hlfi PPBnPPtc 1 o "NJ InoHr.m v ?1"
I >iu<.>;-uiai uu ID UUIlUIIliy tt
very efficient officer, and bis friends here are '4
proud of the estimate in which be Is beld by
the Post Office Department.
Tbe election in Oaklawn and Dunklin townships
on tbe question of subscription or no
subscription to the Narrow Guage Railway
Company, have taken place with tbe following
result: Oaklawn 5 to 1 in favor, and Dunklin
221 to 9 in favor of subscription. This is ft -j
grand victory. We feel assured now that
road will be built and that speedily.
Mr. W. S. Richardson has recently received >'
per express a trio of handsome light Brahmin
chickens from Virginia. They are beauties.
He bas also an eighteen month old steer calf /
that willl net one hundred pounds to the
quarter. It will be killed this week for thef
Ninety-Six market. *
Trial Justice Moore seDt Alfred Berry, colored,
to Jail recently for failing and refusing to , f
pay his poll tax.
Mr. Ben Chiles, a popular salesman repre* .
senting a popular house in Augusta, Georgia,
calls occasionally.
"I would respectfully request you to tako
my name off of the petition that yon havfl* ; .
against the Narrow Gun>te Railroad," writes a
prominent citizen of Ninety-Six township to -.2
John R. Moore.
Mr. Dan Chaney, who has been wintering It . ;
In TTlnrhla ? "i?u_
Muoivnuiuru. uvk u oajro nunuu in
a good place If a man has money. On his return
home Dan fell into the hands ol some
sharpers at Savitnnah and was fleeced. They
did not fet much wool, but suffice to say
forced Dan ro hough it home. We hope Dtfitf
ha" learned a good lesson.
"The hand writing upon the wall." The
next eighteen months will determine what
wall is referred to. and then we shall see ' i
whose "knees will shake."
The largest audience we have seen out for
some time were outto henr Mr. Carter on last
Sunday. The town and country were out 2*?n - J
musse." 'Trtift
Mr. James D. Fooshe was in town this week
with potatoes, turnips, <tc. Mr, Fooshe is one \
of the best farmers in the county.
EAST END.
. -
McCORMICK MATTERS.
' 1 1
Tbe Savannah Valley Railroad?Open- '
Ingr of the Academy?The Dlvlnl- ^
ties-The Assessment of PropertyDoctors
and a Sad Accident.
McCormick, Feb. 2, 1886.
Quite a number of our citizens took their
first trip on the Savannah Valley Railroad .j
last Friday. The road is about completed to
Mt. Carmel. We went about three miles beyond
the river, stopping at or near Mr. Gillebenu.
While the conductor was having some
work done the passengers were strolling up
and down the road and through the woiods,
an seemea to oe enjoying ine irip very muen.
It was not long however before all were Invited
to dinner, prepared by the ladies, some In
the car, some out on the waving grass. and
genial sun shine, using pine logs for tables
all ate heartily, except one or two, who was ?
little?nclined to stroll all the-time, but I suppose
they wanted to see the eountry. Capt.
Rich soon Invited us In the car. and we were
off for McCormick. one hour later and we
were all home again.
Our merchants are still In good cheer. Uncle
Billle says he will never break as long as
he can stand up.
Dr. M. B. Johnson left for his home in Edgpfleld
last week to spend a while. Doctoralways
goes through by Augusta. .
Miss Carrie Barnett and Miss Sal lie Day of v
Augusta are spending awhile at Mr. Wm.
Harmon's. Guess Mr. Jim can display his
wonderful musical talent, which has been
latent so long. -?
Miss Howell Mcintosh.left here Monday for
Wllliamston Female College.
Dr. Self of Edgefield county, while skating
on ice during the severe cold weather, fell and
broke his skull, he died on 28 January.
Pnnt. Pnrks wjis in town Mnndnv tflkircr ill
or assessing property.
Drummers throng our streets dally with.
their samples, thus enabling our merchants
to keep their stock replenished.
Cnpt. Robinson opened his school in tho
academy Monday. The tap of the bell doubtless
mnde glad many hearts as they proceeded
one by one to the school grounds. Some
may have their name enrolled on ihepnges pf
history, as Patrick Henry or Thomas Jefferson,
and thus fulfill the prophecy of James L.
Petlgrue, "There are as great people iu the
Ilange as the sun ever shined upon."
1 ?; . i >
TEE MEDICAL MEN.
' '
They Pans an Important Rmlnffon
as to Drng Stores DesKni; Jn
Wliiskey ? Change of Tfmc and
Place of Meeting^.
Society met 1st February. Meeting called
to order by the President. A
Pr. Miller made a motion to change the
time of meeting to 3rd Tuesday after Saleduy.
Motion withdrawn.
I)r. Wldeman made a motion to fine each
member 10 to 25 cents lor non-attendance.
Withdrawn.
Dr. Waddell made a motion for some member
of Society to write an essay on some medical
subject to be read before the Society. Carried.
Essny to be read hy Dr. Waddell at next
meeting. Subject? Dyspepsia. Motion carried
to meet in Dr. Mabiy's offlcc in future.
WitEKF.AS, We believe that there are oertain
drug stores in the eonnty of Abbeville
that art* selling whknltey, theref ?re be it
Jiesolvetl. That as a Medical Society we disapprove
of this action of such druggists, and
that we wilt not patronize such drug stores.
Meeting adjourned to meeting Saledny irr
Mar?'h. B. A. MATTISOX,
Secretary.
Mary K. Williams, now in Jail at Yorkrille,
under sentence of death for poisoning her
husband and three step children last Summer,
was to have been nanged next Friday,
but owing to her delicate condition, the Governor
has ordered that the execution shall be
postponed until the 19th of November next.
Another large lot children's and Missrf
IIOSC ill' 1U CUniN| lV Urill UUUl W Wtuw iwiv wmo
at R. M. Haddon & Co's.
Xow Is your time to got a pood breech loading
shot gun at New York cost. P. Rosenberg
<t Co.
TnK Press and Banner prints letter hends
bill heads, hand bills, etc., as well as they can
lie printed elsewhere, and as cheap as the
cneapest.
Cull and examine our stock of overcosits before
they are ull gone. P. Rosenberg a Co.
Velveteens, Velveteens, Velveteens, black,
brocaded and colored, in a great variety of
colors,see them at Hell <k Galpliin's.
Skni> to the Press mul Banner for lien and
mortgage blanks of the best loruj.
/