The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, January 13, 1886, Image 8
The Press and Banner |
Wednesday, Jan. 13, 1886. |
Somebody's tfottier.
The woman old, and rogsred and eray.
And best with the chill of the winter's day;
^Th? street was wet with the recent snow,
And the woman's feet were Hged and slow,
?*hestood at the crossine, and waited long,
Alone, uncared for, amid the throns
Of human beings who passed her oy,
Nor heeded the glance of her anxious eye.
Down the street, with laughter and shout,
Glad in the freedom of "school let out,"
Came the boys, like a flock of sheep,
Hailing the snow pil white and deep,
Past the woman so old and gray,
Hastened the children on their way;
Nor otl'ered a nelping hand to her,
So meek, so timid, afraid to stir,
Lest the carriage-wheels or horses' feet
Should crowd her down in the slippery street.
At last came one of the merry troop?
The gayest laddie of all the group;
He paused beside her and whispered low,
4,I 'II help you across if you wish logo."'
Her aged hand on his strong arm
She placed, and so, without hurt or harm,
He guided the trembling feet along.
Proud that his own were firm and strong,
Then back again to his friends he went,
His young heart happy and well content.
' She's somebody's mother, boys, you know,
For all she's aged, and poor, and slow;
And I hope some fellow will lend a hand
To help my mother, you understand,
If ever she's old, and poor, and gray,
When her own dear doy Is far away."
And "somebody's mother" bowed her heid
In her home that uight, and the prayer ehe
said
"Wns, "God be kind to the noble boy.
Who Is somebody 's son, and pride and joy!"
: MSIR7ATIVE FARMING.
A CHANGE HAY ADVANTAGEOUSLY BE
HADE.
?
Money Crops? Panics?Secret of Cheap
Provisions The Relative Cost of
Pork?Gathering Manure?Sowing
Oats?How Northern Farmers Can
Raise Provisions for Sale.
As a rule, formers change their plans and
methods very slowly; iheir work goes on from
year to year In pretty much the same grooves
?eminently conservative, they l'ear that
change will bring disinter. Within proper
limits this conservatism hoth wise and
romraendable. The resultant, so to speak, of
the experiences of large numbers of men running
through many years is very apt to point
in the rightdirection, or quite near to it. But
change of surroundings, Increase of knowledge
In other departments, more or less closely
related to farming, new inventions, together
with additional experience, open the way,
sometimes, to gradual and important changes, j
Kven in the old art of agriculture. Witness
the extended use of commercial, or chemical i
fertilizers, and of labor saving implements;
the large substitution of cottou for flax ana!
wool, and of beet sugar for cane sugar in Eu-I
oopean markets?all within the memory of
many now living. The begin nine of a new
year is a fitting time to consider whether any
new departures are advisable just now upon
ourSoutliera tanas. uoesacaim, dispassionate
consideration of results warrant a repetition
in 18S6 of the plans, methods and operations
of 1885; or are there points at which it is
plain that greater or less changes might be advantageously
made? Let us look into these
jnatters.
Preponderance of Money Crops.
Is It not true that under the prevailing farm
economy, we sell and buy too much? Are not
:moncy crops pushed too fai ? We are thoroughly
convinced that they are. We lay It
"down as a sound, Incontrovertible maxim
rJnaitaothing. needed on the farm or by ihe
farmer's family, should be purchased, when it
can be produced on the farm at anything apjproxlraatmg
reasonable cost. Consider what
has to be paid on everything that is bough?.
First, the .actual cost of production of the article;
second, the profit of the producer of It:
Ihlrd, the profit of the commission merchant
tvlio first bandies it; fourth, the cost and profits
of dr*ymen and railroads in transporting
it, and fifth, the profits of the commission
merchants who sells it. Surely, he must be a
very poor fanner who can not raise any article
*t all adapted to his soil and climate for less
than he can buy it, with such an accumulated
burden of profits laid upon it. If he is such a.
poor larmer, how can he possibly raise money
crops at such little cost and with such large
* profits, as to enable him to save or make money
by buying these other articles after so
many profits are taken out of them. Instead
of a poor farmer, it would obviously take the
very best and most skillful to do it, if it could
he done at all. But the truth of the matter is,
it cannot be done. Nine-tenths of Southern
farmers have tried to do it for the last twenty j
years, and have signally failed. They have I
sunk money in raising cotton to buy corn,
oats, hay, meat and mules. If twenty years i
*xnerlt>in?e cannot oDen their eyes and satisfy |
theirjudgments, how many will he required
to do It? The force of hnbit was never more
forcibly illustrated; the ruts are so deep, It
JookSHsifthc wheels could not be turned
aside and pulled out of them.
Panics?1Tightness in Money Market.
Observe that the practice under discussion is
notoae of simple barter ; cotton is not exchanged
directly for meat or corn or hay; but
money intervenes, cotton is sold and so are
the other articles, ?nd then respectively
bought again. This opens wide the field to
.speculation; panics and tightness in money
matters come in, sharpers perhaps flourish,
but the farmer Is sure to catch it then. If,
however, he raises his corn und other grain,
his forage, meat and mules, t.e escapes the
malign influences of Wall street, with full
barns, what boots it to nim if there Is a "corner"
in grain or meat, he has none to buy, no
merchants' billR for supplies to meet. He is a
freeman?what wealth he ha?. is ireedom from
cure and anxiety, how sweetly he sleeps at
night and how sunshiny his face in the day.
<}od pity the poor Israelite who has created a
Jamine on his farm, aud has to ko down to
K?rypttobuy corn; bondage surely awaits
him.
Cost of Provisions?False Reasoning1
About.
former T Mnnnf rfliup h.mnn fnr six
or seven cents a pound (the pre>ent market
price); therefore it ischeaper to buy thun to
raise it. His calculation Is based presumably
on raising and iattening pigs, on corn that
costs so much, and probably on the data assumed.
the cost of i>ac<>u may reach ten or
twelve cents per pound. Grant that to be so,
for the present. Now, let us In turn aslc, what
the cotton money that he buys the six cents
bacon with, costs him ? Did you ever think
of that? If one buys a horse for $100 and sells
him for fifty, the fitly dollars last in hands
-costs him in reality one hundred dollars.
.May not this be the ca?e with his cotton monkey?
May not every dollar of it cost him two
.dollars to make or get it? We have no doubt
/.hatin some cases it does; cttses of bad mini,agement
with poor crop years; in other instances
the cost is not so much, and it may
; grade up to a point where it is less than the
money received from the crop, or where there
'd* an actual profit. Now if the six cents that
vhmII buy .a pound of bacon was procured real-!
a tji cost of twelve cents, the apparently
cheap *>HOon may have been quite dear after
xlL Where bacon is bought through a mer
chant on time, nil know it, is very dear. The
same kind of reasoning applies to corn aud
other provisions bought with cotton money.
Secret of Cheap Food at the Xorth.
But cannot pork and corn and other provisions
be raised on our farms very much cheap
cr than they usually are, or than we reckon
thutthey can lie, can we not raise them about
as cheap as is done in the Northwest? We do
jiot include wheat, (and rye perhaps), bncause
-climate is against us?but no good reason can
he given why corn, oats, barley, forage, hogs,
mules, horses, sheep and goats cannot be rals?d
iust as cheaply on land of same quality j
<tna age, at the South as they are at the North.
Nortl?ern larmers have to contend with
-drought nnd storms, as we do; their summers
?ne shorter than ours, and their corn is liable !
to be cut off by frost; which ours is not.. Their j
IhikI id no richer than onrs-somuof it Is poor, i
and?mneof it is rich: and that Is the easel
withourR. No. the Northern larmer has no|
natural advantages over the Southern for!
raising cheap food. But from force of climate :
he has been driven to raising food crops?cot- ;
ton and sugar cane and rice will not grow
there?corn small gruin and grasses are the
natural products of his cold climate. He
raises his provisions at home, therefore, and
runs a more economic schedule. He is forced
jtotouy very little to carry on his farm. His
wcrops are such as require comparatively little
tabor, and the absence of slaves and scarcity j
laborers compelled him to economize ialK>r
p'n^very possible way. Horses and machines
Were brought Int.) requisition wherever it was
.practicable. The character of his crops kept
jh.lsihtfids filled with humus, and less scourged i
{with the plow. Tnese are the chief reasons o! j
tli.is cheap -oosrn and bacon, and if we will forego
our raja privilege of raising cotion to
*oipees^eo*. and pursue his methods, we can
raise ch<j^p corn and meat as well as he.
Hov F#o? i?j?nM flay be Raised Cheap-1
ijy at (be Monti).
The first stasis to row large crops of small i
grain, These call for less outlay than any I
crops grown on our farms, and in proportion:
tolahor ai'fe t&eflpoet. remunerative; first in'
supplying the best of stock feed, ar?d second,
in till Lag iaud will ^uiniu, and stopping!
waslies. Tliotisacris of acres are now eulli-j
vated In cotton vhleh do not pay expenses?
sown in erain tljey woul? pay a little in annual
income, and larger <*Mdcnds in the re-!
cup^ratlon and Improvement of the soil attendant
upon it. The r.extatep is to confine
tneeultlvatjon of eora t/>bottom land, or in
Jts absence to good upland, tlifbt will bear heavy
manuring Tiie next and Uu>t bivx> is to j
employ substitutes for human labor to the
very last degree practicable. The western farmer
could not produce cheap corn if he had to ;
hoe it, nor rheap wheat and oats, if lie hari to !
sow the grain by hand, and plow it in with)
one horse scooter plows. With a largo plow
cutting a furrow fifteen inches wide, and three |
horses to pull it, he prepares two acres a day I
with one hand : and with drill or broadcast I
sower, and hide cutting harrows, he seeds'
down ten acres or more a day to one or two '
hands. So with corn; until six inches high ;
can be cultivated exclusively with a smooth-!
ing harrow, eight orten feet wide, nolng over
fifteen to twenty acres a (lay. These harrow- |
ings begin before the corn is up. and continue i
at intervals of about a week, until it is six or j
eight inches high, they keep the land perfect-;
ly clean, destroying grass and weeds as they,
germinate. Alter this the corn grows rapid- i
iv onH ji viido f niiivntor. finishimr a row at a!
J " " ?? V -go,
passing over a lew times, completes the i
cultivation. Compare this with our slow, tedious
processes, and does it not explain clearly
and satisfactorily cheap and dear grain?
But, says one, "their lands are free of stumps
and rocks, such implements and methods will
do on prairie lands, but not on ours." It is a
great mistake to suppose that we at the .South
have a monopoly of stumps and rocks; there
are stumps and rocks at the North as well;
sometimes their farmers dig up the stumps
and make fences of them; sometimes they
dig holes and bury the larger rocks, and haul
oft'the smaller and build fences with them.
We ran do likewise. They have studied veiy
closely the problem of economy in labor and
have concluded that it pays better to remove
these obstructions than to run over or around
them year atter year without end. Moreover,
we have prairies, too, in the cotton States,
and hundreds of thousands of acres of originally
wooded land on which there are no
stumps, and a smaller, but still very large
quantity, on which there are no rooks. Land
grown up in "old Held'' pines will have 110
stumps in tour or five years after they arc
cleared. No, good friends, it is not so much
the absence of suitable land that excludes
these implements; it is the force of habit;
overcautiousness holds back the spirit of enterprise.
We hear a good deal of nonsense
about the "new South;*' one unacquainted
with the facts would be led to tbinic ve were
just emerging from a state of semi-barbarism.
Those of us whose memories go back beyond
the late war know the wealth of our ancestral
civilization ; its capacity to produce men and
women, to develop homes, and, through well
ordered homes, a society unsurpassed for its
intelligence, culture and refinement; an agricultural
people of wonderful skill who amassed
great wealth without speculation or the
dirty arts of over-reaching and defrauding.
lint wnue wccnensn hhuuuh^ iu imo
ar Southern civilization, there is one change
in our affairs which the red hand of war has
wrought and which will not be restored.
Slaves have been changed to free laborers?
the peaceful alliance between labor and capital
consequent on slavery has given plac?. to a
system which involvesantagonism. This antagonism
has not yet reached very alarming
proportions with us, but it is growing and
will grow. At present I he greatest trouble incident,
to the changed stale of affairs is the
unsteadiness and unreliability of labor. Contracts
have little force, and there is nothing
from which to recover damages. Now, laboV
of this character, though nominally cheap, is
in reality very dear, and cheap bieador cheap
cotton cannot be produced When such labor
constitutes a large factor in iis production.
Under existing circumstances, cotton culture
is peculiarly objectionable on account of the
large amount of labor it involves. The extended
cultivation of cotton ought to have
ceased with the extinction of slavery?it was
adapted to that institution; it is not adapted
to hired lab >r. At this point there ought to
have been a "new South." Under the intensive
system, by the substitution of manure
and machines for labor, a good deal of cot ton
can be raised with lift lu labor: that, is obviously
and clearly our proper programme.
Mark you, we do not say that large crops of
cotton cannot be raised with free labor; it can
be done, it has been done, but we do insist)
that it cannot be done cheaply. The large
crops of cotton raised since the war have not
enriched our farmers as did the smaller ones
before the war. The fact is patent to every
one: where guano is used the blame is laid on
it, but its use. until quite recently, has been restricted
almost wholly to the Atlantic States, j
That cannot explain it. It is either a matter
of buying provisions or of costly labor, or of
both. Perhaps it is best expressed thus: cmplovment
of dear labor, with insuflicient
' j .. -..1-1
norse-power anu sxow-woiiviiis ihhhviiiwho, ??
produce dear cotton, with which to buy provisions
and horses. That lias been our past
programme. Let us change it as promptly
and as thoroughly as such changes can safely
be mude. We can raise corn, oats, forage,
mules, horses and hogs as cheap as Northern
farmers can ; let us do it. Some of our farmers
are now doing it, why should not all?
In some of our towns Bermuda aad Johnson
grass hay are driving Northern hay out of t lie
market. Southern raised Jersey butter is displacing
Goshen brought from New York and
Pennsylvania. Why should not such displacements
be universal. We may be justified
in procuring a portion of our flour from
the North, but what other products of their
farms need we buy? Why should not the
mountain regions of the South supply all the
npples, Irish potatoes and cabbages consumed
by our people? Could not each farm raise one
colt at least every year without feeling the
cost? Even that apparently small number
would soon drive back the tide of Western
mules and horses. A mule or horse will average
ten years of good service; before the first,
colt raised on a farm, therefore, would give
out there would be nine others ready to take
its place.
osl of Pork.
Very careful tests have shown that a bushel
of corn will make twelve pounds of dressed
pork if properly fed, making the co*t 8% cents
per pound when corn Is worth a dollar per,
and five cents a pound at sixty cents a bushel,
about the present price of corn. Now this estimate
is based upon a pig shut up in a pen
and fed on corn exclusively. But with clover.
> III JI I I ? let i 11, fJt'U (KlU ^avvili;^ JIV/H j
much the cost might be reduced. One reason
why meat production at lhe South has been
costly is. that too many animals are usually
kept, and each one insufficiently fed, Keep
only as many pigs as can be supplied with all
the food they can digest, and push them Irom
the start, That is the secret of cheap pork
raising. If lhis plan was pursued, every family
might raise the pork it needed at a very
nominal cost. The surplus milk, the trimmings
from vegetables and imperfect vegetables,
imperfect fruit, the waste from thekitchen,
supplemented by the patches named
above, and possibly by a little cotton seed
meal, and a little corn to finish off, could
raise an ainp.e supply. Who can tell us about
leeding cotton seed meal to pigs ? Is it good
food tor them, and how far call it be pushed ?
It is some three times as nutritious as corn,
and usually costs less per pound. If cotton
seed, or its products, could be turned into
beef, mutton and pork, and the manure, from j
the animals fed. carefully husbanued, how!
near would the meat thus obtained approxi-!
mate clear train. The manure would very
nearly equal the seed in fertilizing value.
lint perhaps enough has been said on this
line. Our object has heen to set farmers to
thinking; to jostle thetri a little out of the
old paths; to make a suggestion here and
there; but each one must plan for himself according
to his environment. With strict
economy (not penuriousness), needing ine
lessons ol past experience, seeking light from
every quarter, studying long, carefully and
profoundly the problems of (he farm, let us
enter upon the work of the new year with re-1
newod hope, renewed energy and renewed de-1
termination to succeed.
Gathering Manure.
No work can more profitably engage attention
for the next two months, than the enlargement
of the manure heap. Crops must
beted; they need food just as much as ani-j
mats. Upon o'd and worn soils they need t
food into which organic matter largely enters, j
Chemical fertilizers are good; they pay handsomely
if used alone, provided they are judi-1
clously applied; but they uive greatly better i
results in conjunction with organic matters.!
However freely therefore a farmer proposes to
use commercial fertilizers, lie ougnt to make j
his manure heap correspondingly large. Jlisj
stalls should be littered as frequently 11s they
will bear it. As soon as that put in becomes j
well soaked In urine put more; don't, wait for i
it to rot before adding more. Tramped down j
and mixed with dung and urine, it will undergo
the very best kind of fermentation; one
that is slow but constant, with slight development
of heal and little loss of valuable gases.
If your stalls get loo full, clean out and start,
anew; but it is better to have abundant stall
room, and clean out but once a year. The
handling i.s expensive, and there is danger of
loss from improper manipulation. When put
Into pens th? manure should be well tramped
'n, and if dry, it should be moistened. These
points are essential to a well regulated fermentation.
If not. under shelter the depth of;
?> ? 1,1 tn.iel flirnn frmi i.iwl 1
tilt: IHUUUIV OIIWUIU uc <11/ ivnnt UIIV.V 4V.VI, cuiw 1
its edges perpendicular, so that it may absorb ]
all the rain water that, falls upon it., without
leaching. Its upper surface should be covert d
with several inches of rich dirt to prevent!
dryinsj, and the escape of gases. It is decidedly
better to mix the manure of all kinds of
stock in the same pen, rather than put them
up in separate pens. They supplement each
other, not only chemically, but physically;
the slow lermenting cow manure is stimulated
by the more active horse manure, and over
activity with tirefangimi of the latter, is held j
in check bv the sluggishness of the former, j
The close, waxy texture of cow manure is i
broken up and rendered friable, by intermixture
with the looser textured horse manure.
Everything about the premises that has ma*
nurial value should be added except ashes)
and lime. These may c;iuse loss of ammonia i
in the hands of persons not familiar with I
chemical reactions and the conditions under'
which they occur. As a rule these two sub-,
stances had better be applied to land by themselves,
or else in composts with leaves or nuick,
wit bout admixture wilh the excrement of animals.
Cotton seed, of course, may very pro-!
perly be added to the manure pen. Fermen- !:
tat ion will destroy their terminating power,
and soften their hulls, whilst the abundant:
supply of organic acids in the heap, will unite
with and lix, any ammonia that may be generated
from t hc-m. To supplement the ma-M
nure heaps from the stalls and yards, addi-j
tional ones may be made, as suggested above,1
by composting leaves wilh ashes and lime.
For convenience these should be made ir the;
fields to which they are to be applied ; and as |
such composts arc somewhat incompatible f
with stable manure and nc-id phosphates, it Is
better to appiy them broadcast by themselves.
The labor of handling and distributing thess
bulky and heavy substances* may be greatly
diminished by the use of a manure spreader.
Let tlieMnembers of agricultural societies, or
the farmers of a neighborhood, club together
and purchase one. The cost, thus divided up,
will be very light on each one. Many machines
which are used only occasionally on
the farm, might thus be bought and used in
turn by neighboring farmers. But, to our
composts. Those put up during this month,
may bo cut down towards the first of March,
and acid phosphate and kalnit, also if desired,
incorporated with them and the heap rebuilt.
This cuttini: down brines aboutamore
thorough intermixture of ingredients, and is
always good practice. The farmer who diligent
ly gathers up materials und haslartresupplies
of such things as we have been discussing,
need not buy any commercial fertilizer
but acid phosphate.
This combination of home materials with
acid phosphate makes both the best and
cheapest fertilizer to be had, and enough of it
to manur liberally every acre of land that is
cultivated, ought always to be provided.
.Now Is tne nine 10 ao 11.
Sowing Oats.
Spring sowings should commence In January
whenever soil and weather permit. Some
of the best crops of oats we ever saw were
sown in January. Sow a plenty of seed and
plough in two inches deep; this will protect
the seed while germinal inn from very sudden
changes. Sowings may continue till March,
and perhaps it is safer to take many chances.
If propo>ing to sow bottom land, we should
defer it till a later period when the soil gets
drier. ' .
Breaking: Lund.
Excepting very stiff clays, which need the J
amelioration of hard freezes, it is better to defer
breaking land intended for summer crops
as late as possible. Heavy rains are very apt
to undo the work of tne plough especially in
old land. If compelled to start the pionuh
early to get through in time, bejiin upon the
most friable soil*, and those most filled with
humus. As vegetable matter rots more slowly
in stiff than in sandy soils, clay lands, In
stubb'e, or which have been rested, should be
ploughed first. Light sandy soils ouuht not to
be disturbed until Just before planting time.
If a turn-plough is used, turn the lurrow siie.e
halt way over, not entirely over, that is leave
it on its edge; this will distribute the vegetable
maitet more uniformly through the soil,
and mix t le upper and lower soils more per
wpwmvit
Breech loading shot guns at New York cost.
P. Rosenberg & Co.
If vou want a irood brooch loadine shot gun
at New York cost, call on 1'. Rosenberg & Co.
A small amount invested in window glass
and prepared putty will make your houses
much more comfortable for the winter. Glass
cut to fit any sash by iSpeed & N cutler. 12-0.
Always on hind, a lame lot of white load,
prepared paints, linseed oil, paint brushes,
which you cati buy in any quantity from
Speed Neutter. 12-9.
Buy the Golden Machinery Oil for engines,
gins, <&cM sold by Speed ?fc Neud'er. 12-9.
J ewelry! Jewelry!! For holiday presents.
Just received a most beautiful assortment, of
iadies scarf pins, bangle pins, bracelets, necklaces.
ear drops, lace pins, oxydized pins, Makado's
infant bib pins, infants pet name pins.
These are the handsomest and best goods we
have ever shown. R. M. 1IADDON & CO. 12-2
Thomas McGkttigax. of the old reliable
Palmetto Saloon, has greatly reduced the
prices of hfs fine old pure goods. Give him a
call and see for yourselves before buying adul-1
terated liquors.?Adv. 1
Just received. 20 Ladles Circulars, 1"> Ladies
New Markets, at lowest prices. R. M.
liaddon & Co. 12-2
The prettiest thing out?black lisse with
gold tinsel, to be had at Bell & Galphin's.
Some late style raised edge and plain visit
ing cards at Lawson's.
Just received, another lot of clrcalars at Bell
ct vjrui jjuiu
Just, received another case of millinery. R.
M. A addon & Co. 12-2
Cow peas! cow pens!! 500 bushels of cow
peas arc wanted by White Brothers. The
highest market price will be paid for them.
Go to White Brothers for a Winter suit of
clothing and an over-coat. They will show
you a very choice selection, and will guarantee
satisfaction as to style and tit. Sept. 3D.
We have a large stock of canton flannel,
Vtleachod and unbleached, from 10c. to 20c.
Bell & Galphin. 11-11.
Another lot of those beautiful Russian circulars
just received at Bell & Ualphin's.
11-11.
Jersey jackets, Jersey jackets, In all sizes,
styles and colors, just received, very cheap at
Bell & Galphin's. 11-11.
Another lot of all wool. 38-Inch dress flannel
in blue and grey garnet, just received.
Ball it Galphin. ' 11-11.
We would call special attention of tbe ladies
to our elegant and complete line of
"NewmarketCloaks"just received. Call and
be fitted before the stock Is broken. W.Joel
Smith & Son. 11-4
Rust proof oats. Just received our third
and last car of oats this season. They aro line.
Now is the chance to secure your seed. W.
Joel Smith ?fc Sou. 10-28
Jersey Jackets. A new lot to arrive this
week cheaper than ever. Call and examine
them. W. Ioel Smith & Son. 10-28
The cheapest and best shirt ever offered in
this market. Price fifty cents. W. Joel Smith
Son. 10-2S
The prettiest, and cheapest line of strined
flannels for ladle*' and children's clonks and
wrappers in town, just received at W.Joel
Smith & Sons. 10-M.
Ie yon are looking for wedding presents,
don't fail to examine Mr. Reese's stock ol silverware
which is both beautiful and useful, tf
Gloves! gloves! \\re have a beautiful line
white, black and colored kid gloves, black
and colored cashmere cloves, black and colored
Jersey yloves at all prices. IJell it* Galphin.
10".
Mrs. Mary Tnggnrt has charge of Messrs.
Bell & Gal phi n's Dress making Department.
Call and see her. 10-7.
Special attention is called to nnr stock of
ladles, misses and children's shoes, in French
kid button, Common Sensp button, and Satin
Tip button. Bell & Galphin. 10-7. I
The Rev. Geo. II. Thayer, of Bourbon. Jnd., I
says: "Both myself and wife owe our lives!
to shiloh's Cure." Speed & Neutl'er, Abbe-!
vile; D. C. DuPre, Greenwood. 10-7.
Are you made miserable by Indigestion,
Constipation. Dizziness Loss of Appetite,
Yellow skin? Shiloh's Vitali/.er is a positive
cure. Speed & Neutl'er, Abbeville; D. C. Du
fie, ureenwooti. 10-7.
Why will yon cough when Shlloh's Cure
will give immediate relief. Price 111 cts., 5ft
cts., and SI. Speed ?fc Neuffer, Abbeville; D.
C. I>uPre, Greenwood. 10-7.
Shlloh's Catarrh Remedy?a positive erne
for Catarrh, Dlptheria, and Canker Month.
Speed & Neuller, Abbeville; 1). C. l) 11 Pre,
Greenwood. 10-7.
"Haekmetnek," a lasting and fragrant perfume.
Price25and 50 cents. Speed cfc Ncoffer,
Abbeville; D. C. DuPre, Greenwood.
10-7.
Shlloh's Cnre will immediately relieve
Croup, Whooping Cough. and bronchitis.
Speed & Neuller, Abbeville; D. C. DnPre,
Greenwood. 10-7. i
For Dyspepsia and Liver Complaint, you
have a printed guarantee on every bottle of
Shlloh's Vitali/.er. It never falls to cure.
Speed Neuller, Abbeville; .1), C. DuPree,
Greenwood. 10-7.
A Nasal Injector free with each bottle of
Shiinh's Catarrh Remedy. Price -:0 ecu Is.
Speed & Neuller, Abbeville; D. C. DnPre,
Greenwood. 10-7.
We have a large stock of cotton flannels in
the Pay State Brand from 10c. to 'J0c , blea and
brown. Bell t?r Galphln. 10-7.
Our laryre .stock of neckwear issimply beautiful.
Ladies jet dog collars, ?fcc., at lie11 &
Galphin. Oct-7.
Black Laces, black and Colored velveteens
and other trimmings at Smith it Son. 10-7
A lino of black cashmeres, black armure
at Smith d* Son. 10-7
Jersey Jackets black and colored cheap
Smith it Son. 10-7
Best self asjusting corrset on the market at
Smith & Son. 10-7
Jersey cloth for Indies' and children's
wraps for winter wear. Bell & Galphin
10-7.
Ladies* belts with satchels attached Is the
latest novelty in bells. We have them in the
new shades. Bell it Galphin. 10-7.
Hats' hats! We have a very large stock of |
ladles'and children s hats, street hats for ladles
and misses, children's felt and velvet
caps. Bell Galphin. 10-7. j
Wool laces in all shades for dress trimming j
at Bell A Galphin. Oct-7.
Special attention is called to our large stock
ot ladies nndervests, from o5c. to?l.-30. Bell &
Galphin. 0<:t-7.
Let all the ladlesexamine our stock of new
markets, short wraps, Russian circulars and j
Jersey jackets tor ladies and Misses. Bell it
Galphin. Oct-7.
Our line of dress goods in English cords,
satin berbers, cashmeres and silks, cannot he
surpassed in this market. Bell it Galphin. 0-7
linens, nnon collars. J^inen collars irora
jc. to 10c. Bell ?t Galphln. Oct-7.
Buv your tobacco and cigars from us. The I
"May Kirby" is hard to beat. Sppeed it Neuf- i
for. 12-9.
Wo have just opened up ^ur large and well <
selected stock ol Christmus goods which wo
have marked very low. (jive us a call before
buying. Speed & NcufFer. 12-0.
"Wedding Cake" is the best tobacco in the
market for the money. Try it. Sold by
Speed ?fc Neutier. 12-9.
"Sappoto Tolu," the purest chewing gum in
[he mdrkct. Positively will not injure tlie
Llie teeth. For sale by Speed & N cutler. 12-9.
A handsome line of picture frames, various
styles and sizes, at Speed & 2s culler's.
An Ordinance
To Raise Supplies for the Town of Abbeville,
S. C., for the Year 1SS6.
Be it ordained by the intend ant
and Wardens of the Town of Abbeville,
.S. C., in Council assembled, and by authority
of tlie same, That a. tax lor the sums and in
the manner hereinafter named shall be raised 1
and paid into the treasury of the Town Council
for the uses and purposes thereof for the
yenr 1*80.
section 1. On every one hundred dollars
of the cash value of sill real and personal estate
within the incorporation of the saidTowu
of Abbeville the sum of fifteen cents.
| .Sec.-, un encn oiuiaru unu pooi uiuii; m
j ton pin alloy kept for hire tho sum of Twenty-1
| tivo Dollars on the first table or alley and
jTwonty-five Dollars for each table or alley
mote than one kept by the same owner. On
| fiich bagatelle ttible kept for hire the sum of
Fifteen Dollars.
.Sec. 3. For each license to retail spirituous
liquors in the Town of Abbeville the sum of
Two Hundred Dollars for the year. beginning
with tt>e first clay of January, 1886, and ending:
on the first day of January, 1*87. The said
sums payable in three equal installments in
advance, said dealer or dealers to give bond
and set urity for payment of said sum of money,
arid if at any time during the year the said
dealer c dealers should go out of business the
whole ai oount of Two Hundred Dollars shall
Immedli tely become due and payable, and
any perron or persons doing ousiness tnel
whole or any part of the year shall pay the!
whole sin i of Two Hundred Dollars.
Sec. 4. That all mule persons between the
aces of sixteen and fifty years, except those
physically unable to earn a support, are liable
to road duty and shall be required to
work on the roads, sidewalks, and streets
within tfce incorporation of the Town of Abbeville
fl\e days under the direction of the
Town Council. The commutation for said
road duty to be the sum of Two Dollars to be
paid at the lime of payment of other'taxes,
to wit, on or before rlie first day of March.
All persons refusing or failing to work live
lull davs to l?e accepted and approved by the
Councilor p: y the "above commutation shall
be liable to i ay such fine and penalty as the
Council may impose.
Sec. 5. That all itinerant, auctioneers,
peddlers, and other transient persons, except
venders of iariu produce raised in the County,
oft'ering i?t retail any goods whatsoever
lor sale, shall pay a license of not more than
Twenty-five Dollars nor less than One Dollar
per day.
Sec. u. Tbit all circuses shall pay a liccnse
of One Hundred Dollars for ea?h and every
exhibition; and all other shows, including
what are corr inonly known as side-shows attached
to a circus, shall pay a license of not
more th:in Fifty nor less than Two Dollars
for each exhibition.
Sec. 7. That all returns shall be made under
oath on or before the lirst day of February,
18S(J, and all taxes shall be due and payable
on or before the first day of March, 18b(>.
If any person or persons shall refuse or neglect
paymentof the taxes herein levied within
the time specified the Treasurer of the
Town Council is hereby authorized and required
to add twenty per centum penalty, ana
if tne tax with the penalty is not paid within
thirty days thereafter, it shall t>e the duty of
the Treasurer of the Council to issue executions
tnerefor immediately and collect the
same by due process of law, as provided in
the charter of said Town of Abbeville.
Sec. X. The Town Council or a quorum
thereof shall constitute a board of assessors
[o milx me viiiuu ui piu^iciL^ itiuiuvu <v<
taxation.
sec. 9. If any person or persons shall refuse
or nesleet to make a return of their property
for taxation within the time prescribed herein,
the return of lust year with twenty per
centum added *ha)l be deemed and taken by
the Treasurer to be the true value of their
property for taxatiou and it shall be ussessed
at that rate.
Done and Ratified in Council and the seal of
I the Towu (ouncil affixed this 23rd day of
I December, eighleenliunndredand elghty-flve.
J. S. HAMMOND,
Intendant.
i JONES F. MILLER, Secretary.
Dec. 23 ISiiS, Ct.
Clearing* Out
SALE 2
iTHnnmro pad on nJlVO 11
MftlTiiUlo run ju iimo ::
WE will from this date ofTer to the trade
some special bargains in dressgoods, &c.
Notice some of our prices :
oti incli Dress Flannel, former price 50c. now
37 }/.c.
5-1 inch Dress Flannel, former price 75c. now
G5c.
?4 inch Dress Flannel, former price 00c. now
80c.
oG inch Elaclc Cashmere, former price 50c.
now 40c.
oU ii'cli Colored Cashmere, former price 75c.
now Go.
3t> inch Colored Cashmere, at 20c. until sold.
Uoucle Cloth arid French Flannels regardless
of cost.
We still have a large stock Velvets, on
which we have made sweeping reductions.
Lot Misses and*Children's hose worth from
15c. to -iOc. all thrown together and your
choice tor 10c. a pair.
We have still a full line of Millinery. Rtiffllngs,
Ribbons, Trimmings, Silks, Satins,
Zephyrs. Jersey Jackets, Worsted Hoods,
Gloves, &c.
50 pair Mosquetaire Ivid Gloves at50c. a pair.
Come and see us this month and we will
give you more goods for your money than
you ever got before.
We make this slaughter In order to reduce
our slock by the 1st ot January, when we will!
change our tusice 01 dusuuss u> ruum m?>v m;cupied
by Miller Brothers, ;} doors above our
jiresent stand.
Remember these low prlees commence today,
December 1st, and continue until 1st January.
We arc determined to move just as few
tjoods as possible.
R M- HADDON & CO.
Dee. 1, 1883.
Tootle?
?T0Ti-ie
county auditor hereby
gives notice that all returns opj
real and personal property
and polls subject to taxation, also,
all transfers of real estate
made since tho 1st of Ma3r, 18s4,
will bo received at tho following places
on the days designated below, viz :
Ninety-Six?11th, 12th and 13th January,
1880.
Greenwood?14th, loth and 16th January.
1880.
Hodges?18th and 19th January, 1SSG. |
Donaldsville?20th and 21st January, \
1SS0.
Due West?22nd and 23rd January, 1S8G.
Vordery?25tli and 2(5tb January, 188(>.
Brad ley?27th and 28th January, 1S8(J.
Troy?20th and 30th January, 18S6.
McCormick?1st and 2d February, 1SSG.
Bordeaux?3rd February, 1880.
Mt. Carmel?oth and (3th February,
1SSG.
Ulster's?Sth February, 1SS0.
Graves's Depot?Oth February, 18SG.
Antreville?10th and 11th February,'
1880.
Lowndfcsville?12th and 13th February,
1880.
Mountain View?15th Februarj', 18S6.
Gilgal Church?10th February, 1880.
Cedar Springs?17th February, 18SG.
Abbeville C. Ii.?1st January to 20th
Feburary, 1S80.
The law imposes a penalty of twentylive
per cent, on all Ileal Estate and fifty j
per cent, on all Personalty not returned,
on or beforo the 20th February, 18S0.
J. T. PARKS, i
i.
Auditor,
Dee. 1, 1SS5.
i Knox's Hotel,
(CONSISTING OF NINETEEN OR TWENjiy
rooms, up-stnirs, over the stores on
Knox's corner, is offered for rent. Terms reasonable.
Locallou desirable. Apply to
JOHN KNOX,
Nov. 18,18S5, tf Abbeville, S. C.
Fair Warning.
ALL persons indebted to mc must come forward
and settle on or {before the 7th day
I of December, or their accounts will be found
[elsewhere for collection.
W. G. CHAPMAN.
Nov. 25, 1SS). tf
KT otioe.
r OFFER for sale a small tract of land with1
* ? i.^ir trtiiAe /a A Klwwllla ?.||
1. Ill l\Y<? MUM ?? Jlilll llliit-wi Jiu... < iiiv .11lnge.
containing about ONE HUNDRED
AND TWENTY-FIVE ACRES. For particulars
apply to the undersigned.
Nov. 18,1885, tf J. W. LESLY.
Administrator's A'olice.
ALL PERSONS indebted to the estate of J.
MARION LATIMER, deceased, will
makepaymentto me,ami those having claims
against said estate will present them to me
pioperly proven.
THEOPHILUS RAKER.
Administrator with Will annexed.
Nov. 24, 1885. If
Spring Beds ! Spring Beds !!
WOVEN WIRE BED, price 85.00 and $6.00.
Twin Springs, ;fu 11 set, price $.100. 140
.?pring tied, price $3.50. HO spring bed with
slats, price$1.75. One-third of life spent in
bed, make your beds comfortable. The prices
are so low all can secure a cood bed.
J. D. CHALMERS <& CO.
Nov. 25, 18S5. tf
Steel Engravings, Chromos,
OIL PAINTINGS, at low prices, suitable
for presents. Fine line of mouldings and
frames. Toilet looking glass with levels and
thermometer attached. New goods.
J. D. CHALMERS & CO.
Nov- 25, 1885. tf
Walnut BedsMAPLE
BEDS. Ash beds, prices from S2.50
to ?12.00. All goods at bottom prices.
J. D. CHALMERS & CO.
Nov. 25, 1885. tf
Cribs and Cradles.
1 FOLDING CRIBS, with woven wire bot1
totns, ? new and excellent article, prices
from $3.00 to $7.50. Cradles. $1.25. Swing cradles.
$2.5". J. IX CHALMERS & CO.
Nov. '.'5. 1SS5. tf
Fine Horses.
T,TTE have for sale In our stable a fine lot of
HORSES. Amonu tne lot ure a number
of excellent BROOD MARES.
WALLINGFORD & RUSSELL.
Nov. 11, 1883. tf
The most popular Weekly newspaper devoted
to science, mechanics, engineering, discoveries, inventions
and patents ever published. Every number
illustrated with splendid engravings. This
publication furnishes a most valuable encyclopcdia
of information whioh no person should be without.
The popularity of the Scientific American is
such that its circulation nearly equals that of all
othec papers of its class combined. Price. $3.20 a
year. Discount to Clubs. Sold by all newsdealers.
MUNN & CO., Publishers, No. 361Broadway, N. T.
wn-fc. fiTP&CPA Munn & Co. hava
^^ATENTS.i'ks?1^.BM
jfl practice before
KB Baths Patent Office and have prepared
RS Wmnrn than One Hundred Thou**
Hd BOB nand applications for patents in the
BOMf United States and foreign countries.
Uraw Caveats, Trade-Marks, Copy-rights,
Assignments, and all other papers for
^ securing to inventors their rights in tho
H United States, Canada, England, Franco,
|*9 Germany and other foreign .countries, preHw
pared at short notice and on reasonable terms.
hM Information as to obtaining patents eheerMi
fully given without charge. Hand-books of
information sent free. _ Patents obtained
through Munn & Co. are noticed in the Scientifio
American free. Tho advantage of such notice is
It a all nawsnrifl wha wifill to Qlfl
wen unuerswuu v/ ???? ? .
bobo of their patents.
Address MUNN & CO.. Office SCIEraJIO
Ametitcaw, 361 Broadway, New York.
^stovesT
ABE AWFUL CHEAP.
1I7E arenowsellingafirst-elnssNo. 7 STOVE
Vw complete, with more PIPING AND
UTENSILS than any one else lor the pitiful
sum of
S12.50.
We don't propose to he undersold hy any
house In theStntc, "and don't you forget It."
We CAN DOWN ANY BODY on TIN ROOFING,
as our freight costs but Jiltle, and labor
costs less. If we can't work cheap show us
the man that can. Put these things in your
pipe and smoke to the health of
A. J. SPROLES & BRO.
August 2fi, ISM, tf
Notice
THAT an application will he made to the
Legislature at its next session to charter
a railroad company with a road running
Eastward from Athens through Elberton Ga.r
and to extend the same Northeastward from
Abbeville Court HousetoapointontheNorth
Carolina lir.e at or near Monroe, N. C.
Stray Mule.
IAST Friday morning a monse colored
j mare mule, wearing a yoke, left my premises
near Antreville. The mule is 8 or 10
years old, and valued at SoO or S?)0.
Any information as to the whereabouts of
the animal will tie thankfully received and
properly rewarded.
ROBERT F. BELL.
Antreville, Sept. 23,1885. tf
Breast Collars,
A Few plain nnd fancy Dutch or Brenst
Collars just received and for sale cheap.
THUS. BEGGS.
Sept. 30. ISS5.
Well Boring.rpiIE
undersigned with his largo 10 inch
JL auger, and the double glazed Terra Colt a
curbing can put you up a well that will last
lor ages, at one half the pricc of dug wells,
lie uses the ordinary size wood bucket for
drawing water. The cleaning out ol' these
wells is the work of a minute, by keeping a
tin bucket in bottom of well to be hooked out
at will. lie also has the agency for Abbeville
county for the celebrated Porcelain lined Cucumber
Pump, which he can furnish anil put
in at less than Factory prices for a single
pump. CHAS. M. CALHOUN.
Greenwood, S. C., Jan. 11, 1681. lyr
SMITH & HENRY,
AT THEIR NEW MILL above the Depot
are prepared to
GIN COTTON
for the ONE TWENTY-FIFTH. Their machinery
is new and their conveniences are
ample. [Sept. 'J, lfcSo, tl'
A Long Needed Want
SUPPLIED.
MILLER BRO'S.,
1 RK AGENTS FOR WAXXAM AKEIt <fc j
t\ HIUiW.V, Merchant. Tailors, the largest,
house of the kind In the United States, and
arc prepared to lake measures lor gentlemen's
suits of every description. . Over two hundred
samples aro on exhibition at. the store of
.MILLER BROTHERS.
December 21, 1SSI.
Vacuum Harness Oil.
rpO keep your harness soft, and mako them
I wear well, you must get s'?me, for sale in
half-pints, pints ami quarts by
Dec. IT, 1SS-1, tf THOS. BEGGS.
IT lil P1V ?0911
11 muuiM swi
If you propose going West or North-1
West, to write to me, I represent the;
Short Line.
!'. I). HUSH, D. T. A., Atlanta, Ga.
JS'uV. 11 1SS5, G HI. |
'.- . . ; _: .
'* '- i
uiijuj?.'jujgimaumbhrmggamw?wmwni? iimwbwwwmwbmmwmbmmmww??
H. W. UWSOI Jt CO,
Are again Receiving Their
Stock of Holiday Goods.
+Vi-inn* finifoWfl fnr Q YrMQItl PrAC^nt. A1*
iJVClJf IJUlJLlg UUIIUUIV/ ivi u uuauiu * * vwmw
Santa Claus.
Guest cups and saucers in limoges, French and German"
CHINA.
^TASES in CHINA, GLASS and BOHEMIAN WARE, all tbo latest sbapae.
jgPERGNES AND COLOGNE SETS in PLAIN and BOHEMIAN GLASS.
rjlOY TEA SETS in CHINA, BRITANIA and TIN. v .
JjMNE CHINA CUPS, SAUCERS AND PLATES in sets^
j^inely decorated china flower pots. , ^
0hina pitchers and ornaments.
0rnaments and statuettes in BISC WARE.
0I1INA mush aud milk sets.
^JIGAR STANDS in CHINA and LAVA WARE.
0IGAR CASES in PLAIN and ALLIGATOR LEATHjtSJS.
QIIINA FRUIT PLATES and SAUCERS.
j^IREWORKS. ROMAN CANDLES, CRACKERS, AC.
DOLLS in the Greatest Prolusion, CHINA, CHINA SUKBED, WAX, BIScV
RUBBER, and every other kind, Dressed and Undressed. DOLL HEADS'
in WAX and BISC.
J>UBBEK GOODS all kinds, DOLLS, RATTLE RSy RINGS, Ac.
rjlOYS I TOYS ! I TOYS IS! All the new TOYS,, nearly eyery kind made.
ALBUMS, AUTOGRAPH and PHOTOGRAPH, the l*ea? style binding*
in RUSSIA LEATHER, PAPER and ALLIGATOR SKIN.
PICTURE FRAMES for CABINER SIZE PICTURES from $1.50 k> $12.00
per pair. BOOKS. HOLIDAY BOOKS of all kinds.
j
j AS CARDS, all Prangs latest styles. ,
^^"JE have every thing for Christmas. Come and see owr JERSEY COW.
H. W. LAWSGX & CO.i-M
Nov. 25, lSS5r tf
CIIIEIM & TEfflPLETOMS
FAXjX.j STOCK
IS NOW COMPLETE!
All LINES ARE FULL! |
Domestics of all Kinds, Dress Goods, Hats,
Caps, Boots and Shoes, Groceries, &c.
GIVE THEM A LOOK, PRICES LOW.
Nov. 18, 1885.
WHITE BROTHERS
Would call the attention of Buyers to a few Specialties.
Their stock ^f dress goods is unusually large and attractive
Tlie.v have ttw* cheapest line of BLACK SILKS tliev have ever offered They have-also
some handsome COLORED SILKS. They have a good nssorlment of BLACK and CO>LOK?
ED VELVETEENS, for dresses and trimmings. They have a nice line of WOOL laces to
all colors, the latest thins fur trimming. Their stock of BLACK CASHMERES
Cannot be Surpassed!
They have bestowed unusual care in the selection of these goods, and ar*.jts?ured they flr&
all right in regard to color, quality and price. A good 'Ido of JERSEY JACKETS, cheaper
than ever before. It would astonish any one to see
HOW VERY CHEAP
FLANNELS and BLANKETS are this season. Buyers In this lino would do well to exam
ine the stock of WHITE Hl.OTIEKH.S. Carpets are so very cheap that ihey are in the>
rejwrh ot all. A pood assortment of CARPETS and RUGS can be found at Ube store of WhiteBrothers.
The above are only a few lines in which
SPECIAL BARGAINS CAN BE HAD.
The <reneral stock of FALL and WINTER GOODS now offered to the public by WHITB
BIlOTJIEltS is the largest, best assorted and most attract ire ibey have ever carried.
It is Complete in all Departments.
September 30, lSfc'5.
leadersTfTqwTrIcesT
J. K. DURST & CO.,
GrHEBMWOOE>, Sf. O.
Having moved into our handsome and commodious new stores, we
are prepared to otter THE LARGEST, BEST AND CHEAPEST
STOCK OF GENERAL MERCHANDISE
ever shown in Abbeville County. Our stock consists of a full line
Dry Goods and Notions, Clothing, Boots and Shoes, Hats,
and Caps, Hardware, Groceries, &c.
Which we propose to sell at BOTTOM PRICES. We ke^p no shoddy goods for advertising
and allow no misrepresentations. All we a.sk Is a trial. AVe guarantee satisfaction. Our sp?>clal
freight rate^give us advantages over our neighbors.
Merchants Supplied at Jobbers [Prices.
J. K. DURST & CO., Greenwood, S. C.
J Nov. 4, 188."), :{m
NEW DRUG STORE.
Cotliran ?&? Perrin
HAVE Just opened a new and elegantly fitted up DRUG STOKE on the Marshall House
Corner, under the Prrxs and Banner office, and are now receiving and will continue to
receive till their stock is complete a full line of
Drugs, Medicines, Chemicals, Dye Stuffs, &c.
Also, all the popular PATENT MEDICINES kept in a first-class Drugstore,all of which we
warrant to be fresh and good.
\V?. also otl'er a well selected stock of FANCY GOODS, consisting of
Colognes, Foreign and Domestic, Handkerchief Extracts
in great variety, Handsome Vases, Lamps, &c.
Our line of BRUSHES AND SOAPS is simply complete. Every variety of HAIR, TOOTH
NAIL, FLESH, SHAVING AND SHOE DRUSII SOAPS from the Quest toilet to the cheap
est.
January 2S, 1SS3, tf