Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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l^-CBc^na.=^--=r^gr- " lrIie Press and Banner. AIIBEVILLK, S.O. Wednesday, July 30, 1884. Letter ?f the Rev. TV. 1). Kirk Intnl. IVe take great pleasure in publishing the letter of our much respected brother, the Rev. \V. D. Kirkland, editor of the Church who kindly taken us to tn.sk for our advocacy of the South Carolina University. We will say at the outset, that the editor of the Church Rccord and the editor of the Press and Banner are in thorough and complete accord as to the vital importance of denominational Colleges. No denomination can afford to be without a v onege, ami any denomination wiuvn neglects to give support to Its College thereby necessarily gives a blow to its own existence. A good College is of the first and last importance to the very existence of any religions denomination, and the editor of the Press and Banner, sincerely and truly, as he thinks, has the welfare of those institutions at heart. For this reason, we decline to accept our neighbor's invitation to make odious comparisons between the merits of the diffcrcpt Colleges, as no two of them, in our opinion, stand exactly on the name footing. Some of these institutions have much more complete list of teachers than others; some ol them have much better and more commodious buildings than others; some of them have immense libraries, while some others have in fact, what is, by courtesy only, called a library*; some of them are more centrally located than others; some of them teach tenets of one denomination while others teach the principles and doctrines of other Christian churches. While the South Carolina University does not teach Theology, yet it does inculcate and "teach the "common moralities of the Bible." It is also, as our good brother claims for the denominational Colleges, An institution "for the literary, classical and scientific "training of the youths of our land.*' There is another matter about which the editor of the Church Record and the editor of the Press and Banner are not at variance. It is in the opinion that the appropriations by the Legislature for the South Carolina University arc entirely too Rmall. We join our good brother in condemning the parsimony which has characterized our General Assembly in this o.wi v>;.v> Mmi j-.uinuiai, rw.u ....... body may hereafter make such increased appropriations aa shall satisfy our good brother and be gratifying to every one elf e who may have a pride in that institution, atuVa lovo for the advancement of our worthy sons who may bo ambitions nnd willing to make the effort to rise in the world, but who may not havo the money to pay for a higher education at the denominational Colleges. Our good brother objects to the name "University'' and from conscientious principles is obliged to affix "so-called" when he mentions the name of that institntiou. We are always glad to see men net conscientiously, but we also think that men may err "conscientiously" from Ihe fact that their prejudices may sometimes obscure their conception. "University" is iisod as a name, and not, as the editor of the Church Record would have us believe, to denote the quality or the excellence, or even the lack of that desirable quality. We hardly think that our good brother would speak of Furman University, and affix the word "so-callrd." Our reply to what he says of "the greatest newspaper iti South Carolina," will best serve our purpose of explanation. We havo never made any claim to Mtnf nyr?ol 1 onr?r? thn Chiivnh 7?/>/?/ * v/7 Imputes to us, but we do claim, without juiy egotism, that we have the right to class the Press and Banner as a "newspaper." Tho word newspaper carries with it a very indefinite idea, if any at ail, of quality or excellence. For instance : the London Times, the Xeic York Herald, the Greenville News, the Church Record, and the Abbeville Press and Dantier, art each a "newspaper," and each is justly and properly entitled to tho general name of "newspaper," without any reference to the degree of excellence in cither. And so with the name of a College. A name implies nothing as to its merits. "A rose by any other name," <?t. The editor of the Church Record need not be over-pnnctillious about names sincc its own name is not less tho subject of criticism than that of the South Carolina University. "The Church Record." What Church Record is it? The Church of Rome is considered the Church by Borne persons, the Established Church of England is considered the Church by others, but we do not know of any class of people in this country who acknowledge any Church as the Church. The editor of the Church Record savs: 44I am opposed to the State institution because there is at the present time 110 necessity for an institution of that grade "in South Carolina." That of courso is merely bald assertion, without the pro duction of a single fact to sustain it. We Kay there is a demand? and a very great and earnest one?for such an institution in South Carolina, as the fact that two hundred shident.1 arc now being educated there toil! testify. The editor of the Church Jfecord is good at asking questions, lie asks this: "Will you tf*ll your renders who are those who are thus unprovided for, and In whose behalf you are so solicitous?" We answer that question with great f 1 tasure. We are "solicitous" that a free classical education may be placed within the reach of every boy in South Carolina, but we are more particularly "solicitous" that a good education may be furnished to all Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist^ Lutheran, Episcopalian, Catholic, Jew or Gentile young men of any faith in this State who may be unable to pay for a liberal education at the denominational Colleges. When South Carolina is spending half a million of dollars in primary education?one-half of which goes for negro education?we would have the State offer liberal advantages to those of her white sons who are unable to pay for a higher education at the denominational Colleges. If the South Carolina University was />!rtcjn/l f/v fV?A nftAr fV*f>TT trA?UI ni-onfi rally denied the chance to stand the peers of their richer neighbors in the race of life and in the race for the political honors which may be conferred by the people of the Commonwealth. To deny a free higher eduction is virtually to establish an aristocracy by which the plebeians would bo sot at a disadvantage. For the churches of the State to demand the closing of the South Carolina University, in order that they may compel the youth of the country to attend thoirown institutions is merely an effort to join Church and State, which act is prohibited by the organic l??w of the country, it is right and proper for the State to educate Its subjects, and It is no less right and proper that the church 6hould educate its preachers, its laymen and its membership. It is not right to deny an education to such citi3?en8 of the State as are unable to pay for it at a denominational College. Tf the church may assume to close the State's College, it may sssume to interfere further in the civil government. Our good brother asks another question, as follows: "But do yon pretend to say that the *12,000 can onlv he utilized by appropriall !i A. _ II.. _r. I 4 ?? 9 Tn imp it 10 lilt; ?>IHIW u IIIYtrr.-MIY i is luno no other wnv of using it 'for the education of our voutis V " We answer, that we know of no other way of utilizing the ?12,000 "for the education of ouryotihs!" Wo have nothing to say about the cry of "sectarianism," "narrowness" and "bigotry," as to the denominational Colleges, which our good brother alleges have been made by ignorant people. We have not heard of it before, and if we had heard it wo should have disputed the assertion. T5nt if a College does not uphold the church to which it belongs, and if it does not in Rome way impart to its scholars, at least to a certain dogreo, the beauties and virtues of that particular faith of the Christian religion to which it belongs, it i*a"recieant to its high and holy trusts." Onrgn< d brother savs, "Sectarian dogmas are no more taught at Wofford than they are at Columbia." As the editor of ilie Church Record stands high not only with the 1 i'ty. but is par excellcncc with tho oliM'RV, wo presume ho luunvs whereof ho spoaks. If ho doe*, and if he .speaks correctly, then wo fail to hoc j wherein tho Methodist*, as a church peoi plo, are under any obligation whatever to j support Wot'ord College. j Tho editor of the Church Record says that ttic "College in Columbia is nearly i "three time" older than tho oldest denoin! "inational College of the State." Asa i matter of fact, the South Carolina College j was organized in 1302; Krskino Collego in 1830; tho South Carolina Military j Academy in 1S43; Wofford College in 1&51 ; Newberry College in 1&"?7 ; Furman University* a year or two later; Adger College in 1877. Another fact is, that tho State officials have been cducatod at tho State institutions, while the leaders or the ,different churches have been educated at their respective Colleges And hence the | importance of both Suite and Church collet; s. ! The editor of the Church Rccnrd says: "God forbid that the day should ever come when art education shall corno to be j regarded as an instrument of business, ot I making money, and of getting along in the world." Let those who choosc to do so, talk of I the utilitarianism of an education. But we say, God forbid that the day should over come when education is at a disj count, and when mental culture does hot advance the interests of its possessor in all the honorable pursuits of life. God j forbid that the day should ever come when an education does not raise its possessor to a higher level in the social, political, and religions circlcs. Why the editor of the Church Record would deny "free education and rare in' ducements" to those poor boys who are : unable to pay we cannot under-j jstanJ. He cannot mean to work in the! i interests of the rich who are able to pay, jand thus exclude the poor boys from a: ; fair chance at the public offices. The action of the editor of the Church Record, | reduced down to plain English would bo : about in this way: j "Tho common schools can furnish snfllI cient education for the poor. Thry need j hot concern themselves about the affairs! of State. The rich people Will educate j and prepare their own sons to take the places, from which the lack of education would exclude the poor." I The logic of the Record is good enough J if It seeks to establish an aristocracy, I from whose circles the poor may be ex/.K./IAII KA, iiiAit. t/> U1UUCU UCVUU.^U U1 tllCll JUilUllUV IV F*V i for "tuition and other extraordinary advantages" at the denominational Colleges. One matter which we almost forgot to. mention: The editor of the Church Itcc-1 ord says: "Hence no denominational College has' ever been known to become a hot-bed of infidelity. Can the Press and Banner say the same of State institutions?" This, we presume, was intended to be a > knock-down argument. A regular stunner. It is one which many opponents of the South Carolina University have rolled as a sweet ir.orsel under their tongues. The good brother somewhere referred to the "ignorance" of those who did not see as he does. This paragraph last quoted from the editor of the Church Record, we hope shows his "ignoranx)" as to tho facts about the "hot-bed of infidelity in the South Carolina College." The development of infidelity in the President of South Carolina College occurred fifty years ago, and Dr. Cooper, was, in consequence thereof, forced to re- j sign in 1S34?long before the good brother! of the Record was born. This fact as to Dr. Cooper's infidelity ( and dismissal from tho College no more i proves that the South Carolina University is a hot-bed of infidelity than that other fact would prove that the Baptist Thrological Seminary was not orthodox in its teachings, because Dr. Troy denied the inspiration of the scriptures. Both Dr. Troy and Dr. Cooper were learned men, and of pure and spotless personal character, but they wore compelled to resign their places, nud the South Carolina College and tho Baptist Theological Seminary* were brought back to their moorings. It would be as lair to charge the whole pulpit with licentiousness as to charge the South Carolina University with infidelity. Only one instance of infidelity in the University has been noted, and it cannot be denied that men in exceptional and isolated cases in all the pulpits have been convicted of the grossest personal i immorality since 1802, to saj' nothing of; an occasional instance of tliedevelopment of a lack of orthodox faith on the part of some of the teachers of divinity. We are glad that our good brother has given us the opportunity to correct any misapprehension on his part as to the alleged "hot-bed of infidelity." If ho had known tho iacts, wo aro sure that be j would not havo made the imputation j against the South Carolina College. Wei recognize in him an honorable opponontl who would not do an injustice to any onej ?not even to an institution which receives his disfavor. We exonerate our friend from any intention to do a wrong in the matter as to "infidelity," and since we have explained the only ground upon which infidelity could be charged to the South Carolina University, we know that he will not again make an unjust allusion to the institution in this respect. However far the learned Dr. Cooper, may have wondered from the true path in spiritual matters, his personal character was otherwise without reproach, and it cannot he denied that his views as to the necessity of a free higher education were not at fault. Dr. La Horde, in his History of the South Carolina College has this to say of him: "It was a cherished notion with him to make education the cheapest of all commodities ; to scatter the rich treasure nmid all the rank* and classes of society. The State had a College, and ho thought it beneath its dignity to charge for admission to its privileges. He remarked in one of his reports, that he desires to place it on record among their documents, that his full and deliberate persuasion is, that a Free College is as necessary as a Free Schooi, and that tho exaction of tuition money for education cannot be defended either on the grounds of justice or expediency." Sball our Women be Protected! Very many of the newspapers contain notices of assaults on womeu by negroes. These assaults are generally made upon children who may be out of the presence or protection of their parents. At first, all such assailants were promptly hung to tho nearest tree, but now a few of these brutes are allowed to escape, and the fear i is, that our men aro not as jealous of tho good namo of our women as they were frtrirmrlxr T'n tilwiur fhft drift. nf norm .v.u.v. V. ? lar current, wc publish the following Irora the Edgefield Advertiser, which bails from a county which has, above all others been noted from time out of mind for its chivalrous conduct in defending woman, from the slightest tarnish. The paragraph below does not sound like good old Edgefield which, in the j'cars that are past, has considered it the highest privilege to lay hands on any man white or black, who might assail the purity of any one of her women. Imagine, if you can, good old Edgefield shielding and protecting a negro brute from the avenging hand'of an outraged community. The Advertiser says: "Not by Johnston, nor Edgefield. Let it not be understood that the danger of lynching the negro Nathan Hutler, after he had been committed to the hands of the law, came from Johnston or Edgefield. On tho coutrury it was feared that the attempt would come from the other side of the Savannwh river, Columbia county, where livesthe young lady whom this brute designed assaulting. Humors had reached this section that sucti an at tempi wouiu u? imiuf. nnu iiKiice ouuciiur Bonbam's caution. People may differ in opinion as to the pacific course pursued in the beginning, with reference to this would-be rape fiend; tut having once i been committed into the hands of the haw, lie was in no danger from Johnston : or Edgefield," In Affliction. Our old and much beloved friend Mr. Thomas F. Greneker, of the Newberry Herald, is in the deepest affliction because of the death of his most worthy and noble son, Thomas Edward Groneker, who had lately assumed control of the Herald, in order that a feeble and aged father might seek rest and retirement from the aires incident to the publication of a newspaper. We extend heartfelt sympath}' to our grief-stricken friend. Kick the stones out of the road. Shall tlic State Rob tho Comities ? Mr. John B. Cleveland of Spartauburg . ha? written a letter to tho Charleston i New* and Courier on tho subject ol' the , taxation of the new railroads, which have been or may be built b\' county subscriptions. That letter we reproduce in an| other column. Its suggestions are omi Inentlv just and wise, and if the Stale J should adopt the just and equitable ?Ug- ] | gestions made by Mr. Cleveland, the | i Legislature will thereby do more for tne i development of South Carolina than it has ever done by the exemption of Charleston owners of factories from taxation, or by granting to Charleston the exclusive right to dig phosphates. The injustice of the State demanding for Itself taxation upon tin* property which tin? enterprise of the county lias taxed itself to produce is so apparent that it is only necessary to mention the fact to convince the unprejudiced mind. The people or the upper part of the State have directed their attention to the building or railroads, while the people of Charleston have directed their energies to the building of factories, tho digging j of phosphates, and the securing of; laws favorable to their pet enterprises, i The up-country gudgeons have always! looked to their own energy for success, iliA l/\Mt rtnrttilo uAcilM f h V? UIIU IliO Iltw-V/V'UIHIJ jrui/piw ovvti* fcw have a just estimate ot partial laws, and seldom fail to look to the General Assembly ftol' friendly legislation in whatever enterprise it engages. It would therefore seem ungracious in Charleston to require us to pay full taxes on our new railroads, while hor factoriosare g fart ted exemption ! from any part of the burden of the State ! government. It would also socm ungra' cious in Charleston to seek to tax our industry, since we liavo granted hel; exemption in ono line, and exclusive rights in the other. Her record since the war, would prove that Charleston is no friend to the building of railroads, and it was at her instance, with the concurrence of a few of hor country cousins that an effort was made to cripple existing railroads by the appointment of a Railroad Com mission, whose arbitrary rule it may have been thought would forever stop the building of new railroads in this Strtte. The new railroad from Spartanburg through Laurens, and Abbeville to Augusta was built through the greatest efforts of the people, who by expending t\Vo thousand dollars a mile, have induced ten thousand dolla: s a mile additional to: come to their borders. Neither the State nor Charleston gave any help, but now since these counties, by their energy and by the expenditure of their money hav6 secured the railroad, Charleston would have the State take the profits In an enterprise to which they w'ero unfriendly and thus leave us to pay into the State Treasury the taxes to which the builders of the railroad are equitably and justly entitled. Why should we let the Charleston people establish and build factories free of taxation, while they would make the country people pay taxes on every ceutol tliair nranot'tu 9 The influence of Charleston is powerful witli the people, and the number of people who look to that city for all their opinions is great, and although Charleston did not divide Senators with Berkeley, but required us to create a place for a new Senator Irom that county, yet we shall hope that the sense of justice on the part of our legislators, will either exempt our new railroads, or else make the Charlestonians pay taxes on the factories which they are building with their phosphate money. The Health of the Town. Wo are glad to see that the Town Council and the Board of Health are not remiss in the matter of looking to the health of our town. Wo hopo they may have the active and enruest co-operation of every citizen, and that no one may be disposed to obstruct or impede the guod work. If wo are to judge from what we see in the newspapers, there is a fear everywhere of the approach of sickness this summer. The continued and uninterrupted spread of Asiatic cholera in Europe has moved the authorities of the different cites of the United States to the strictest precautionary measures. While we may not be in immediate danger of Asiatic cholera, yet there is a still more deadly disease in typhoid fever which comes on the tainted breeze to the households of those who do not provide against its approach. Pure air and pure water are the only safe-guards. Without the best of fresh pure air and water no man is safe from the stealthy approach of this most deadly disease. For this reason, we most earnestly ask every citizen to give heed to the following circular from the Clerk of the Town Council: V?... Ir. i wui uiicutiuii ir? wuifu IU uiu uiuiiiuiices to preserve the health of the Town. , Your premises will bo inspected in a few ' days, and I am instructed by the Coun- 1 cil to say, that in every case where lots, 1 pig pens, and out-houses arc found in a filthy condition, and lime has not been freely used, as recommended by the Board of Health, a fine of from Five to Twenty Dollars will be imposed in every case. Rank vegetation must be cut down and all drains rleaned ont. Respectfully, A. W. JONES, Clerk of Council. Abbeville, S. C/, July &?, 1884. ^ ? The Increase of Property at Lanrens. The town of Laurens has been recently , shaken up by a sort of official cyclone, i The boara of assessors examined the returns of various owneis of real estate and 1 compared them with the selling price of , property and they ascertained that the | property was assessed entirely too low. i They, the assessors, raised these low lots | to something liko the market value and ! much dissatisfaction is thereby caused. , They raised J. M. Robertson from ?2,100 to 811,500, and II. Irby from 82,000 to 810,- 1 000. It is said that the average Increase 1 has been about three fold. From the County Board an appeal-will be taken to ; the State Board. Either these real estate i owners have been paying a very low tax, or else their property has been unjustly valued. It has come on them with a sua- ] denness.?Carolina Sjmrtan. , The new railroad to that place may have ! bad something to do with the actual in- i creased valuation of property in Laurens, and it may be that there was error on the part of both the former and the latter as sessors. for let it be remembered that the 1 individual citizen does not affix the taxa- , ble valuation to lands and houses. In connection with this, we would sng- ( gestthat if the Auditor of Laurens county had any thing to do with the bringing of tax dodgers up to the full measure of their duty, he will in all probability find i just so many opponents to his reappoint- | ment to the office. Without being able to i prove the correctness of the opinion, we \ are inclined to the belief that this is one ; of thechief causes foradesire, on the part of some of our voters, to displace our present County Auditor. Until mortgages of real estate are required to be recordod in the Auditor's office money-lenders may perjure them- 1 selves and dodgo the payment of taxes, i ??? Just So. I In our opinion, Col. Coward has served j the State faithfully and conscientiously, i and unless we are much mistaken, the i great body of the voters who elected ] him to office share this view. Had those ! who think differently made their views | public before the State Convention renom- < mated Col. Coward, their objections to ' his course would doubtless have had a J respectful hearing and a full examination. ! But up to that time not a word had been said against the conduct of the Superintendent of Education.?News and Courier. If the Democratic State Convention had given the public notice that the members ( of that body intended to disregard their 1 instructions and the well-known wishes ] of the people on the subject of making j| nominations in June, some of "those whoji think differently" might have "made' their views publio before the State Convention renominated Col. Coward." It is really good of the News and Courier to assure us that the convention would have j given a respectful hearing to those who objected to the renomination of a man to' office who has done so little. We would say to those who contend that Col. Cow-1 ard has given satisfaction, that we have! heard no man say so in this county,1 though we have not heard all of them speak on the subject. m ? Abbeville Detnocaatic Club No. 2, will meet in the Court House on Friday night, August 1,1884, at half-past eight '> o'clock, P. M. ^ Cokcsburj District Conference. j This Conference over wliicb tho Rev. W. D. Kirkland prosidos, held its annual meeting at McCormick, July 23-27. In [ the absence of a Bishop the Providing j Elder Is the president of the Conference. Tho discipline of the Methodist church requires a Conference to be held In each Presiding Elder's District annually, and It is composed of all tho preachers within the bounds of the District and laymen elected by the respectivo charges and statious on the basis of one to every hundred members or fraction of a hundred. This District has within its bounds something like 4,500. The Cnttforehce therefore between 60 and 70 members, there beiug about 15 or 20 preachers, and 45 laymen. This District extends fforrt Donaldsville to Prosperity, and from Iiowndesville almost to Laut-cns Court House. There are so far as wo are intormed nine or ten Districts in tho South Carolina Conference, and the Cokesbury District is one of the smallest. The District Conferences have no legislative powers. They simply enquire into the condition of the church within their bounds, its spiritual and temporal status. They look after the missionary work and Sunday schools, hearing reports from the preachers and layinon. In this way each sees what the others are doing, thereby creating interest and sympathy, and also furnishing information as to the best manner of operating* The reports from tho different churches in the District were it is believed encouraging. The Rev. Mr. Kirkland does his work faithfully and lets nopartof his District suffer. All work under him. There han beon considerable increase in tile District within the last two years. The attendance at McCormiek was very good, almost all of the delegates being present. The church, which is quite large, and entirely new, was filled all the time. The delegates from this place wore Messrs. C. V. Hammond and J. G. Edwards. Tho delegates from the laymen to Annunl Conlerence from this District are Messrs. W. V. Clinkscales, G. H. Waddell, D. 0* Herbert and P. L. Sturkey. A large portion of tho time of the Conference is devoted to religious servicos. Drs. Duncan and Darby wore present in the interest of their respective Colleges and Mr. Weber for the Southern Christian Advocate. The next District Conference will be held at Prosperity, Newberry county. , X. -?* The Congressional dominating Convention. Let it not be forgotten that the Congressional Nominating Convention meets of Hio Xtn/wxrack T-Tntnl Stonpnn Pif.v ftn "v ""I V"*V T j Wednesday next, the 6th of August. J There is an earnest canvass on the part of j the different candidates, and it is very: important that every delegate to that! convention from this county should bo! there at the organization, which will take* place at ten,o'clock in tho morning. To: bo there on time it will be necessary for! our delegates 1o go up on Tuesday even-j ing, the 5th of August. By going up that! evening time for conference and inter- i change of views will be had. It is a well, known fact that Abbeville County I is almost a unit in favor of the re-elec-i tion of Col. Aiken, and, owing to tho j strong competition for Congressional,; honors in this District, Col. Aiken tvill need tho presence or all of his friends at; tho organization of tho Convention. If anybody doubts how the vote of Abbe-1 ville countv will stand, let hirn read the following names of our delegates, anvi one of whom would sooner cut off his. right hand than to cast a vote against tho well known wishes of the great majority' of the people of Abbeville county, whom j they have been chosen to represeut: C. L. Smith, E. S. Ilale, Dr. J. D. j Neel, Col. E. B. Gary, Col. B. Z. Herndon, Capt, L. W. White, James T. Ellis, Capt. John E. Bradley, Capt. John I E. Brownlee, Capt. J. W. Perrin, W.' C. Brock, Thomas P. Cothran. The Oldest and Best. We would ask attention to the fact that the exercises in Erskine College will be resumed on the first Monday in October. Students should be ready to enter the; classes on that day. A good beginning is half the battle. No~institution of learning in the South is superior to Erskine, and its rates of tuition are so low that it j is cheaper than railroad travel to distant colleges. Its Faculty are able and scholarly. Its buildings are superb arid numerous. Its libraries are the largest In numbers and the choicest in quality of books. For style and gentlemanly deportment, the students of no college rank higher. Every boy in Abbeville county Bhould go to Due West. It will pay in after life. Due West, always true is the needle t<? the pole, never fails to stand to and uphold her friends through thick and thin. The Spartanburg Herald. Mr. Ed. E. Bomar retires from the editorial control of the Spartanburg Herald. lie is a good editor, and we should have been pleased for him to continue in the brotherhood of the quill and scissors. *4^* The Postmastership. [Saluda Argus.) i The contest behind the scenes wns a long and stubborn one. but Injustice and deinngoguery hns at lust come to the front with a full hand, and II. it. Tolbert, a Republican, hus secured the Greenwood postofBce, ousting Dr. F. O. Parks, a good Democrat, a faithful officer and a man against whom neither the postofllce department nor the Greenwood ?e<v 1 pie can prefer any charces detrimental to Win 1 ar a man or as an official. Just how the mailer was brought to this stage will probably 1 never be clearly known, but It Is a fact, both 1 damnable and censurable, that a number of 1 Democrats In this county who placed their names on a petition to oust a Democratic postmaster and put in Ills place a man In no 1 way identified with the interests of the people of the community, and a mnn who suffers himself to be allied to a party which has been \ the bitter enemy of Southern people nnd Southern affairs ever since thte war. While Mr. Tolbert may be all that Is requisite In a postmaster, we can find no way to excuse 1 those who have by their signatures forced out uf the office a good and deserving man without ' cause We have several times before alluded to this matter, and given our views plainly nnd without personal feeling. Congressman Aiken was zealous In his efforts to keep Dr. Parks In office, and would have been success- 1 ful If n petition signed by Democrats from va- 1 rlous sections in Abbeville county, had not ' heen forwarded to the department by some one to give the office to the Republican applicant. Who sent the petition? Who whs In- , strumentttl In getting It up? There is a trallor or traitors in the Democratic camp some- | where, and he or they should be drummed out of It. | (Newberry Observer.) The Temperance Worker, published at Co- , lumbla, S. C., thinks Col. Coward, who Is paid a salary of 82.100 by the State, besides 81,000 , for a clerk and all his traveling expenses . while in the discharge of his official duties, ?hould either give up his school at Yorkville during his term of office, so that he can give his whole time to the Interests of the free , nchonls, or else should resign and let somebody be elected as Superintendent or Educa- ; tlon who would do so. Kor this offense the News and Courier and the Register take the : Worker severely to task and "go for" the editor as If he had done some great wrong. ' Neither of the two papers is Col. Coward s J "organ." Colonel Coward can handle a pen. Why not have ieft his defense, if he needs nny, in his own hands, simply offering him the free use of their columns. The Worker J Raid nothing derogatory to Col. Coward and not an unkind word ariout him. In what It did say we tully concur; and we certainly , have nothing against the State Supcrlnten- . dent.; and wo do not donbt that the people at : large concur. The people all along presumed c that Col. Coward wns giving his whole time to the public schools, although up this way they had no positive evidence of It further ; Limn the simple fact that he was State Super- : Intendent of Education. Quite recently we : noucea ii personal in me voiumoia iccyuicr to the effect thru Col. Coward was "In tlie , 3lty." It struck us as oild until upon inquiry we learned Unit he makes his heudquurterB at . his school In Yorkvllle, and leaves his affairs . In Columbln In charge of Pror. R. Means Davis, of the South Carolina College. j Furman Ciilrersitj. ' [liaplixl Ctottrtcr.] I A concertcd movement Is now taklngsbapc, J ind its results will determine In a large measure the future of the University, The Hoard !>f Trustees has decided to undertake to raise it least 810,000 a year, and for this purpose the President has been directed to secure ttio cooperation of twenty brethren throughout the Hate, who will be expected to raise an average of 8500 In the course of the year. Dr. Manly has begun this work under the pro-, posed plan, nnd Is making an appeal to cer- j Lulu brethren for tlielr help and co-operation, j [t la intended to secure payment of subscrlp-1 tions under this plan during the present year, ind while a contribution this year does noil bind the donor to give a like sum again, It j will add much to the practical value of the movement if brethren will pledge themselves to pay a certain sum for a series of years. We usk the attention of brethren to this! scheme, and Invito them to lend their intlu- < fnce nnd efforts to Its furtherance, nsa menus )f concentrating the denomination upon the f ivork of the University. Its past hlBtory liia < pledge of the grand results to be achieved In S ;he future, and Its recent progress In the faco r )f serious obstacles Is an encouragement to j * nove forward In the hetter equipment of the nstltutlon. This object can easily be aceom- 1 >llshed, if those men who have steadfastly 8 >roven their devotion to the University, InM ts darkest duys, will not relax their efforts In I c te behalf, and surely there are huudreds of, J' tthers who recognize the importance of nd- j1 ancinglts interests by an immediate addl-IJ' ion to lis permanent endowment. . 'v .1 OUR CANDIDATES. OLE AN HANDS AltD CLEAR RECORDS. Abbeville's Honored Bonn ? The ntatc'ft Defender* In War, The Feople'* Servant* In Penee In* (creating Nkcteli?? or Nome of Oar Bent Cltlioim, Wo herewith conllnue our KkclchOR of (he candidates for office. We have published sketches only of those who have answered our request for facta iu reference to tholr past 11 vcs. nnjor J> K. Vnnco was born in I>aurons cnuHty of good oli! revolutionary stock and named oHer his maternal grand father. Capt, James Klncald of Marton's men. He was prepare*! for South Carolina CoHeirr. which ho entered In 1H41, by that venerable educator Mr. James L. Lcssly at Greenwood. Reaching man's estate he was happily married to Miss Watson and settled down to farming on the .Saluda side of Ablieville county, and from that liine has always been encased In agriculture. Starting In life with a Well trained mind and steady hablls? full of energy and public spirit?lie was soon a man of ample means and among the foremost In all well directed efforts to improve his county. Ho was President of the Board of Trustees of the Masonic Female College at Cokesbnry and gave to It liberally both his time and means during Its long and useful career. Ho was elected to the Legislature In 18V) and twice re-clected. During the late war ho served successively on General McGowan's staff in State service. Aid-de-camp to General Kvans, Quarter Master of Regiment. Reserves and (juarter Master C. Si A., In charge of collcctlon or Tax In Kind. In all thexo trusts ho was faithful, prompt and efficient. The result of the war, together with an unfortunate business ventnre since In Charleston, swept away the bulk of his once handsome property, but with a courage that never failed him. he went to wo k with the same old clieerftil energy that formerly won success Major Vance Is a member of the Methodist Church?a total abstainer from the use of to* bacconnd liquor, and though now over sixty years old. Is hale, hearty and active and among the most progressive fanners in his neighborhood. Having lost his first wife many years ago, he was married In 18SU to Mrs. Hearst, widow of the honored Dr. Jno. W. Hearst and now resides near Troy. As a neighbor and friend Major Vance Is tho soul of cheerful hospitality and generosity? as a citizen and farmer, enterprising and progressive, and with his wide experience, mature Judgment, and strong common Sense he will undoubtedly makca thoroughly efficient Representative of the Hanner county In tue Legislature. He Is a good talker and speaker and will make himself understood on the leading questions of the day during the canvass. C. ('apt. E. Cowan who Is now the School Commissioner and a candidate for re-election, was bum In Abbeville county, near the Lethe School, and has always lived In the same neighborhood. Ho reueiveu much euuumoii im wuoi- wumhj school afforded In Hint d>?y. Before the war he was a merchant and farmer at Wldemun's P.O. He volunteered in the war In 18tit, and went to Va., as Lieutennnt In Capt. M> 0. Taggart's company. Upon the resignation of the Captain, Mr. Cowan was promoted to tlie Captaincy ?r Co. 0, 14 S? C> V> in July 1863. On May 12th 1SG4% was severely wounded In the left side of his neck, as can now be readl ly seen, by n piece of shell hi an effort with the command to retake the salient at the battle of ypoitsyivanla C. H. This was a very bloody Contest, After remaining at home lor u few mouths on uccount ol this wound Capt. Cowan returned in August, on the 6th of that month whs again severely wounded, his leg being broken Just above the ankle aud greatly shattered, iroin which he has never recovered. After tne war he engaged in fanning and has continued so ever since. Was Chairman of a local club in 1870, and did good service for the cause of Democracy. He was elected School Commissioner In 1880, and again in 1882. Hlsadmlntstrutlon of the office lias so far as known given general satisfaction. lie Is uow before the people for reelection. Capt. F. W. R. Nance Is a grand son of Col. Williams of some Revolutionary renown, who fell at the batllcof Kings Mountain and also u grand nephew of Col. Larkin Urlffln one of Abbeville's noblest sons, Capt Nance 1s also a deoendent of the Nances of Newberry who were among Its Hi st settlers. He born in Laurens county, entered Grskine College in 1n50 and graduated in 18c>4. Murried Miss Jane Agnew of L>ue West. He was a practical farmer up to the commencement of the war. He was utterly opposed to the secession of the states, but when Carolina called forth her yeomanry no nn.n responded more cheerfully to the call than he. He enlisted In the 3rd But tal lion ol S. C. V. Was both in uctive and detached service until the close of the war. Having lost his properly by the wur, he immediately went to work putting forth ail his eneigies to make a sustenance lor Ills large family. He lias been nulto successful in business. Io 187U he was quite active during the campaign and no muii rendered more effectual service to redeem tlie Slate from Radical oppression and misrule, as all wlio know hi 111 can testify. He Is a thorough Democrat, a gentleman ol a genial character aud good disposition. His record is faultless. He resides on his larm at Due West and has all the Qu.illticailou to make a good officer, we therelore recommend iilm t j Ute voters of Abbeville county beilevIn., Id every sense of the word, that ue will mane the county a good Sheriff. C'npt. John E. Bradley is a native of this county, having been born on Long Cane on the 2Tilh day of December ls39. He was graduated from Ersklne College in 1 SOI and immediately enlisted in tlie :trd 8. C. V. and served with gallantry for fourteen months us a private In ihe 3rd Regiment. At the expiration of the fourteen months lie was transferred to the 2nd 8. C Calvery In Hampton's Brigade, and served throughout the war. Since the surrender he has devoted his lime to farming and merchandising, but principally farming. Mr. Bradley took an active t>art in the memorable campaign of 187G and lias taken an active Interest in each successive campaign. He Is well qualified to discharge the duties of a Representative and if elected will serve his constituents faithfully. He Is a substantial citizen and progressive farmer, taking an active and lively interest In any and every enterprise calculated to advance the interest of the people, and to devclopc the resources of Abbeville county. W x. faonn was born nt Duo West Enlisted nt 10 and went to the war as a Volunteer In the year 1*61. Was a member of Company (J, Orr's Hides. Was wounded four Union u.t Gaines' Mills?two of these *evcic. Captured at Fulling Waters, Md. Stayed eight months In prison. On emerging from prison cell he immediately went to Ihe front and was wounded near Petersburg, Va. Amputation of the arm was necessary and Mr. Cowan was retired a lew mouths before the war closed. Farming has been his occupation since. Mr. Cowan has an honorable record "in war and peucc." He has been twice elected by Ills fellow citizens to the otllce of County Commissioner. On account of faithful service ills friends now present him for the same odlce. t'npt. J. II. Jones, candidate Tor County Commissioner, is a native of Abbeville County, born In IH.'KJ on the .Savannah. Having devoted himself to farming, he has always been distinguished for his advanced views in agricultural science. The war found Capt. Jones promptly in place. He served with merit throughout Its whole duration, either as a line or stair officer. At Its close he set himself sedulously to work to repu'.r his wasted fortunes. In the dark days of Radicalism there was to be lound In our r.mks no morcdetcrmined or hostile opponent to that monstrous, miscalled iCAvernment, and no one contributed more liberally of time or money to Its dual overthrow. Capt. Jones Is put before the people of his native county upon his writs, having no other ends to subserve than the good of liIs people. With this end in view, his friends confidently believe that he will never he found wanting In the discharge of duty. It. Capt. J. T. Parkn, was born In Lincoln county, Ocorgla, June inn, i??i, ana reinoveu 10 ureenwuuu,i5. v,., ?u orphan boy, at t\vel\ e years of ace. Received iv good academic education under such leachera as James U. Giles, Joshua W. Joues and others. Al sixteen years or uge, he commenced business una clerk with Messrs. Coleman X* Lipscomb, at New Market, He waa then employed by J. F. Watson a merchant of Greenwood, and at nineteen ho was taken aa a copartner?the senior pariner furnishing tho entire capital. The business proved successful. und furnished the basis of Ula future success. At thedeath of his step-father, Captain Thon. 1$. Byid he bought a large tract of his land and until the war was a sui cnasful farmer and merchant, l'ossessed of energy, Industry and economy the war found him In possession of a good fortune, the result of his own labor. When the war was over, having had unlimited credit, he found himself largely In debt and heavily Involved as aecurlty for his friends. The entire amount has been paid, thus furnishing one Instance In which u debtor has not only met all of his own debts, but nearly Ihree thousand dollars security of others. Aflcr struggling for several years, and having satisfied all old claims, lie was left with nothing but his household furniture, which in 1870, was consumed by fire, l'he Homestead Exemption was waived to satisfy his creditors. He has served with fidelity and acceptability as Warden nnd Intendent of Greenwood for ten years, President of Ihe Board of School Trustees of Green wood High School for three years; Director in tho Augusta and Knoxvilie Railroad four years. In the effort of 1N76 to free South Carolina from Radical rule, ho was unanimously electsd president of the Greenwood Democratic L'lub. He met the Republicans In his portion of the County at till their meetings, and conducted the campaign with eminent success. In 1SG1 he volunteered In the second .South Carolina Regiment, commanded by Col. J. B. Kershaw. After the reorganization lie was ivlth Orr's Regiment In al! the battles around Richmond, lie then volunteered In the Marlon Aitlllery of Charleston, and remained at the post of duty until the close of the war, ind surrendered at Greensboro, N. C., under [Jen. Joseph E. Johnston. J. T. Parks haa always been a liberal and public spirited citizen, and has In every department to which he has been willed, served joth Church and State with earnestness and Idellty. He was appointed Auditor by Governor fiaygood In J880, and has tilled the office since hat time to the satisfaction of the State ofll:lal8 as well as the people ol the county. Captain John M. Cochrane, )r Due West, candidate for Clerk of Court, was iducated at Ersklne College end graduated In .he same class with Dr. John C. Maxwell, of Greenwood, Just before the opening of the var. He was Valedlctorlun ol his class in tho biuphemlan Society. when the call ot the South was made for >er sons to gather around her banner, and to '6liow their faith by their works," none reiponded more promptly and cheerfully than Japt. Jno. M. Cochrane, who enlisted as a private In the 53d North Carolina Regiment. No nan won a brighter record for untiring enerry. fortitude and courage. He never missed a lunt or a skirmish that his command was en;aged in. He participated In twenty-ctghl wttles. He was wounded at the ba'ttle of ;he Wilderness. In the battle ol Gettysburg, where Lee threw his men against the strongly intrenched forces of Meade, a tune which :rled men's soul's, Capt. Cochrane, then a nrlvate, exhibited such courage and dctermilatlon that he at oncc received the appointment of Second Lieutenant In the 37th North ^irollna Regiment of Lane's Brigade. At the >attle of Spottsylvanla he was promoted to .he rank of Captain. He recclvcd only one 'urlough, which was Just before ttie close of : he war. Furloughs were generally granted 'or 17 davs, but Capt, Cochrane received one or ::0 days, as he hud never asked for one beore, and was always ready for duty. Out of i company of 85 men taken Into the light troumf Petersburg, only H returned home at he surrender. The balance were cither killed, sopturcd or wounded. He married a daughter of Captain R. C. | if Wno? niirl t'nirairbd In the nier-i sun tlYe business, but Tike a great many other jl ;ood and honorublo men, who wont into busliess during the uncertain period vrhlcb folowed the war, he wan unsuccessful. He Ir a ninn of tood business qualities, a! Ineaccountant, and of happy and pleasanti .ddreas. He Is sociable and liberal to a fault ! Vlth a thorough knowledge of practical i { look-keeping, and a facile use of the pen;'} t'lth an obliging disposition, and prompt In;: he discharge of all liIs duiics, (.'apt. Cochrane! r-oulil make an efficient, accurato and oblig-'; Dg Clerk. |c - Vv -r^ ^ v IN THE SERVICE OF THE MASTER. The Prenbyterlan*of Abb?rilleCouaty take Coanxel Toftthw. The Presbyterians of Abbeville County held a very interesting meeting; in this town Monday and Tuesday of this week, and we present a brief synopsis of their work, as furnished by the Secrotary, Mr. W. A. Templeton. Tho Convention of Elders and Pcacnnso: Abbeville county assembled according to callIn the Abbeville church, Monday evening July 28th. Opened with sermon by Kev. J.-u Lindsuy, D. IX, on Rev. 14 and 0. Opened wltl prayer by ReV. J.O. Lindsuy, D. D. Rev. J. 0 Lindsay acted us temporary chairman. ?n> W. A. Tcmpleton temporary clerk. The fo' lowing names of members were entered cpoi the roll : ? Teaching and Ruling and Elders?Rev. J. O. Lindsay. D. I).. Rev. W. F. Peurson, Rev. J. L, Martin* Rev. H. C. Fennel. RULING EI.DER.4 AND DEACONS. Klnoty-SIx?J. H. Rice. Greenwood?J. W. Green, Rock OreonvJIle?W. C. Winn, A. Stevenson. Upptr Long Cane?F. Houry, H? 1\ Mcllw?ln, H. O. Steveuson. Little Mountain?D. Crawford, A.G.Cochran. Providence?J. Hart Baskln. Rocky River?J. It. Cunningham. Wellington?Dr. W. K. Ltnk. Hopewell?J. L. LeMy. Lebanon? Samuel Evan?, A. J. Woodhurst, S. F. Gibertand J. S. Glbert, Bethlah?Robert Thornion. Abbeville?R. II. Wardlaw, W. A. Temi lepleton, L. W. Perriu, L W. White, R. M. Haddon, T. P. Qnarlcs, A. B. Wardlaw. Cokesbury?I). W. Aiken. J. H. Rice was elected chairman and W. A. Templeton clerk. Rev. W. 8. Richardson, Mr. ? Wharton and Judge .T. 8. Cothran were invited to sit u.s corresponding members and Introduced to tha convention. The following order of business, as far as practicable, was adopted: MONDAY NIOIIT. Sermon by J. 0. Lindsay, D. D. Organization. Reading of programme. TUESDAY. Nine o'clock. Relation of this conference to the Sessions und Presbytery, and how make It profitable. Rev. J. L. Martin, Elder J. S. Glbert and Deacon A. H. Wardlnw. Ten o'clock. Reports from churches on the state of religion within their bounds. By the representatives of each church. Eleven o'clock. Sermon by Rev. Half-past twelve o'clock. I)uty of Elders in vacantand partially supplied churches. Rev. J. O Lindsay and Elder J. W. Green. Recess till four o'clock. Sabbath school work und Indoctrinating the people In Presbyterian principles. Rev. W. G. Neville and Elder* J. H. llice. Five o'clock. Colportage and circulation ol Presbyterian literature. Rev. W. F. Peaisou and Elder J. L. Lesly. Six o'clock. The employment of an evangelist for Abbeville county and the best method of cultivating our missionary points and developing our church at new mil road stations. Rev. H. C. Fennel, L. \V. White and W. A. Tempieton. TUESDAY NIGHT. Conference on the whole subject of Domestic Missions. Rev. S, L. Morris and Elder L. W. Perrln. Closed with prayer by Rev. W* F. Pearsi u to meet at ten o'clock to-morrow morning. Convention met according to adjournment at 10J^ A. M., Tuesday 29th July. Opened wi th prayer by Rev. H. C Fennel. Rev. J. L. Martin, Elder J. S. Glbert aud Deacon A. B. Ward* law, were substituted for Rev. J. P. Marlon and Elder G. McD. Miller to discuss the ques Hon ot the relation of this Convention to the Session und Presbytery, und how to muke it profitable. On motion the programme was altered and the report* from the Churches on the state of religion within their bounds by the delegates was made the present order. Reports were then heard from Abbeville, Greenwood, Upper Long C'ano. Greenville, Little Mountain, Rooky River, Provldonce, Hopewell, Lebanon, Wllllugton, liuthlah, Jliucty-Slx, as to their spiritual wants and the Sabbath-school work. Mr. J. 11. Rlre th'-n gave an Interesting tnlk on the whole subject ol Sabbath-school work. On the subject of the relation of this Conference to Sessions and Presbyteries, and how to make it piotttable. Led by Rev. J. L. Martin and A. Is. Wardlaw. A grand discussion was then had. The following committee was appointed to take In consideration a manner for this meeting and for the presiding officers and as to t mo >< meeting: H. C. Fennel, L. \V. Wnltea d W F. Pearson. On motion the subject oi'S. bbat i-school work and indoctrinating the pe?-j k 11 Presbyterian doctrine, was substltuded for the second topic. Elder Rice signifying his Intention of leaving this afternoou, Elder L. W. Perrln was elected lu his place as chairman of the meeting. Recess until 1 o'clock. Reassembled at four oclock. The subject: The duty of Elders in vacant and partially supplied churches, was opened by Rev. .1. o. Llndsiiv. D. D.. mid Elrior.1. W. Oi>nn. ed for grand discussion. Mr. L. 11. I'hui, a I student of Union Seminary, working under the dliectlon of the Committee on Domestic Missions of the South Carolina Presbyteries. The subject: Colportage and circulation of Presbytellan literature, opened by Ilev. W. K, Tiersoii and Klder J. L. L. Lesley. Opened for general discussion. Tho Mibjet: The employment of [an evangelist fur Abbeville County, and the bt-al method of cultlvatlngothermissionary poinis at railroad stations and other points. Opened by Kev. H. C. Fennel. L,. \V. White and W. A. Templeton. Opened for general dicusslo" The following offer by L. W. White wob adopted. The council of Klders and Deacons of the Presbyterian church In Abbeville county, profoundly Impressed with the importance. If not. necessity of extending Presbyterlanlsm within the boundsof salucountv, would respectfully refer the employment of an evangelist to the reverse Presbytc: lan congregations In Abbeville county, with the urgent request that each congregation exert Itself to the utmost to raise means for theeinployment of such evnngcllst to the end, that a proper Improvement of the opportunity for extending Preshyterlanlsrn be made at once and report to the committee of Domestic Missions. Report of committee appointed this morning on names,-Ac.. was adopted as follows: The commltlee to whom the duty was assigned of sin/costing a name for this body?of suggesting a nume for the presiding officer? and as to the time of holding these meetings wonlil respectfully recommend . ? 1st. That thcasseinbly be known as "n council ot Klders ani Deacons of the Presbytorlan church In Abbeville county." 2d. That the presiding officer be known as the President of the Council. :id. That the Council shall meet at least anmm 11 v nml thiit. Piirli t.n t?mhrnrp n Sabbath. Roces* till 9 o'clock. Re-asscmbled nt 9 o'elock. Prnyer meeting conducted hy Kev. W. F. Pearson. The general subject ot Domestic Missions was the con sldernilon led by Mr. Pearson. On motion an Executive Committer to consist of J. L. Martin, I,. W. White, L. W. Perrln, II. P. Mcllwaln and F. Henry was appointed to arrange all business and appoint time and place of meeting. The thanks are due and hereby tendered to the people of Abbeville for their kind hospitality In entertaining the delegates. Adjourned with prayer by Rev. H. C. Fennel. IS THE COMMON SCHOOL 000D ENOUGH FOR THE POOR ? Citizens of Rock 31 ills .ink Hie Legislature to Offer nn Insult to Poor Youths of the Ntate?IIow Those Who Cannot Pay for the Education of Their Nons Can Favor the Clos* injf of the Boors or the Month Car* olina ITniverslty Must be One of the Nevcn Modern Wonders of the World. Anderson Intelllgcnccr. We think our friends of the Rcclt Mills Club are acting under a misapprehension when the.y attribute the burdens of taxation to the South Carolina University and the Cblumbla Canal. The opproprlatlon for the University Ih reau I red by the Constitution, and over eleven thousand dollars of the fifteen thousand dollars appropriated to Ills secured hv hniiils of Llie Slate Issued for the Acrlc.nl> tural jjind Script given the Stale by the United States government, under contract tlmt the Interest, which Ir the sum stated, shall nnnuullv be paid by the Stute to higher education; so that by abolishing the University our friends would save something over three thousand dollars, besides Insurance, repairs, ic., for protecting the property, amounting to something like three thousand more, or In round numbers seven thousand dollars. This Is about one-nineteenth of one mill tax, or the man who own* one thousand dollars of property pays about Ave and onefourth cents tax for the University which lie would not pay if it were closed, and Ihe properly left iincnred for. If closed, the eleven thousand dollars would still have to be paid, and either another school established or the whole given to the negro College at Orangeburg. The appropriation for the Citadel Is twenty thousand dollars, which represents a tax a little more than one-seventh of one mill; this makes the thousand dollars worth of property pny to the Citadel about fifteen cents, so that the whole tax on the thousand dollars of property from running the University and Citadel Is less than tweuty-one cents on the thousand dollars. Whether our people favor It or not. the University is here to stay. It Is one of South Carolina's greatest Institutions. Every other State In this Union has a similar institution - except, perhaps, Florida?and South Carolina will never take a step backward in this Important, matter. If a man wants to lose all chance of establishing an Influence In the Legislature he cannot do so easier than by voting against the University. It Is doing u good work, and the pcoplo of the State will certainly stand by It. South Carolina is no boy?to begin an enterprise to-day and abandon It to-morrow. She has an educational nn||n..o?,l I* n.m WA n^^AKA/1 /-? Tl.n prlatlons for tho Citadel arc nuide to etiablo two poor boys from each County In the State to ootaln a thorough business education. They have to teach two years In the public schools after graduating* and thus Its benefits will reach down to the musses of our school children, and glveto many a good common school teacher who wuuld otherwise have an Incompetent one. In effect, the County of Anderson does a benevolent act by educating two poor young men, and then gets the services of two educated teachers at a cost of about three hundred and fifty dollars each. This Is a great work, and we believe that it should and will be continued. It will, In onr opinion, do no good to bring this Issue In the canvass. If every vote from Anderson were to go against these Institutions, there would still bean overwhelming majority for them. We had better, therefore, vote for the best men wlioare running, without making any Issue of this kink. It amounts to very little, If It could be changed. It ought not to be changed and any effort to close these Institutions will Injure the men who try It. As to tho Columbia Caual the want of space will prevent any extei.aed notice. Wo believe the true Interests of the State dictate the use of the convict labor in material devel- [ opment. There Is no money raised for the Canal by taxation. It. comes from the surplus earnings of the penitentiary. It Is, however, the; people's money and should be Judiciously expended. The ('anal Is State property. When | finished it will belong to the Stale, and will be the source of a handsome profit to the Miate. It -wilt bullet up the Capitol of the State and be tho source of an increased revenue to the State from the services of longtermed convicts worked Inside of the penitentiary. Ilofore the next Legislature meets' over half the work and expense on the Canal will have been done, and to chance the work will bo very bad policy for the Stato, unless It can be sold on lenns which will Insure Its completion and reimburse the State for past jxpenses. In our Judgment, the people should send good business men to the Legislature and let them do what appears to be best for the State. Whether It was a mistake to begin the Canal or not, we think all busl- ' less men will agree that too much work has ' seen done to throw It awav. There are other expenses about the State: [overoment which can iinil ought to be reluced.and of these we will treat hereafter, jut with all respect lor our Rock Mills friends ve thluk It will be a mistake to make tlio luestlons presented by them Issues la the ampalgn. ' -"SSKH .CHARLESTON OBJECTS. FREE FACTORIES, EXCLUSIVE PRIVILEGES, IMMENSE PROFITS, DOUBLE REPRESENTATION: These are the Great Advantages Vouchsafed to the Citizens of Charleston City. JNFRIENDLY LEGISLATION, CRUSHING COMMISSIONS. UNJUST TAXATION, HALF REPRESENTATION: These Are the Great Afflictions which Charleston Would Impose ou the t'ountrj Districts. Cbni'lMton'R Effort to Prevent the Builrtiittf of New Bnilroadx In the Upper Part of the State Having Failed, that City Would Now t'rufth Out Our Eotei?-l?c? by I'ujust Taxatlou, Hi'AKTANnirao, July 24. To the Editor of The Newt and Courier : In ihe and (Courier of July 2i tlie quw> lion Ih asked, "shall the State help to pay the railroHd debts of the counties In commcnting editorially upon this query but two objections are suggested : First, that it id unI constitutional ; aud second, that as the counties who Incurred tl'C indebtedness are prlnclCally bcnelltcd, tliey should bear tbe entire tirden. To be afflicted with a burdensome debt Is almost as bud as a pestilential plague or any visitation which indicts loss of property. Now if there be any prohibition In the Constitution which denies to the General Assembly the right to appropriate money to the relief ol the i>coplu for any cau?o whatever I fail to flna IL The only inhibition is that there be no increase of ihe public debt without popular vote, Ac. There is here no question or taxation, but the sole Issue Is, when the railroads built by these counties pay their taxes to the county treasurers Is it competent for the General Assembly to say to the comities, Vou may retain proportion of the taxes due to the State tor the purpose of helping you pay the debts Incurred in creating the property." To illustrate, suppose Charleston nhould be destroyed by a ureal conflagration. The people are powerless todoanythlng without public assistance. The City Council of Charleston undertakes to help thom with Its own credit and burdens the city with a large debt. Would there be anything wrong or unconstitutional If the General Assembly should say to the City Council, "ihe State taxes on tho Improvements ninde by you may go to relieve, in part, your Indebtedness" Charleston has a debt somewhat, of this character, and if your city had no security for It, but had made the Improvements direct, where would there be any violation of the law If the State should choose to help her pay this debt and could do so without uuy In* crease of Us own debt? Now as to the case In point, what are the facts? Tho up-country was without adequate rail' road facilities; It had no direct connection with the West. Corn and other provisions were at an enormous high price. The whole system of agriculture had changed; cotton become the great staple, all other crops were neglected. Tlie State was In no condition then to assist. From stress of clrcumsianccs it was compelled to abaudou Its railroad policy, adopted beforo the war, of extending direct credit to such public enterprises. Iu this dilemma certain counties undertake 011 their own credit to build certain rallrouds. The Air-Line Road was commenced without capital. U never would have been commenced without the aid of the counties and cities through which It ran. The subscription of these, so I have been told, built the road to Gainesville, Ga? about fifty miles. Outside capitalists then look hold ol ltand completed it. So this road wus built by these counties. The result is, so far as this Slate Is concerned, that Spartanburg, Orecnvlllo and l'ickena have built In tills State over HO miles of road running through tlve counties and worth at least Sl.500,010, and In so doing have plt.ced an enormous debt upon their people, for which they have 110 security whatever. The Ash** vllle Railroad, which certainly will be finished at 110 distant time, is a creation entirely of two counties in this State and two In North Carolina?a road which ultimately will be of the greateet benefit to the whole State and to no section more than the City of Charleston. The Greenwood Road Is being built entirely by the counties ol Spartanburg and Laurens, i.hey being the only stockholders of consequence. Miave not Information sufficient to speak authoritatively of other roads, but 1 inn tnlrt thfit. thp nurinu1 cmntM* mm I a wnrp ul> ho built the name way. Then If the counties hnve created this property Is it not fair and Just ttiat tliey should be entitled to alt the revenues In the shape of taxed derived fiom It until they are relieved of their great burdens? The publlo know what the rnllroad policy of the Slate and also of the City of Charleston was before the war. Now, it the Slate and the City of Charleston were able financially to continue this policy, is it not a good one? But they have not been able to continue it. The plan proposed Is the best substitute for It I know of. and it would be a iriod ide.i not to restrict the operation* of the A'l. but to muke it apply to all tuture cases and encourage all icctlous of the State by the general policy ol giving the counties II.e full | benefit of their own property. Simply from the fact that It takes notnlng from ibo revenues of the State only in the protective, and encourages the counties to do thai which the State la not ubie to do. The State ha* no re.dy money to build roads, its means will not Justify issuing b.md* to do so. and if It Is to have any sv.item of internal improvement)* what better one can it find than the one pr<,? posed? Jt requires no credit from the State, no Immediate ca.->h and no loss of revenue except that which the Stale at some future time may expcct from the very object* which It should be so solicitous to promote. To s'iow the great equity of the counties in this mat* ter. The State never expected the Alr-I,lne Hoad to pay any taxes for thlrty-xlx year*, when that road was chartered It had the Fame rights, pilvilegnand Immunities of the Greenville and Columbia Koud, which was exempt for thirty-six years. This the was the policy of the Slule. it expected nothing fiom the I road. The fortuitous circumstance of a sale, under foreclosure, of the road changed all this. TheStatcsaw Its advantageof a technicality. The United suites Supreme Court held that exemption from taxes Was no part of a franchise passing under tho sale. The counties by this same proceed Ins lost every dollar of their money, and the State rcans a windfall out of this great misfortune. Now, where Is the injustlc in the counties asking the SiaUj to give them what it never expectet to get, and which arose from direct loss to them ? The antithesis cannot bt made too strong. If the Mempnls and Charleston and the Blue ltldge ltonds were In Charleston there is not a man In the State who would object that the relief should extend to that bighearted but unfortunate people, whose greatest misfortune has been their unselfish, uncomplaining liberality. Now one word as to the second objection and I am done. The counties building these roads are, of course, greatly benefitted more than any otner section, but the present prosperity of the town and county of Spartanburg has already been of great benefit to the Slaie. Does not the state derive much revenue from this prosperity? Much more, 1 think, than It does from the tax on the AirLine Koad. York and Oconee did not aid lite roud. Are they not. benefitted by it? When it becomes a question of benefit It will be found that the little leaveu leaveneth the whole. The time has now come for South Carolina to be something above a police court. The object of government Is higher mid nobler than simply to collect and pay out taxes, than to support an Insane as} lum and pay penitentiary guards. One might suppose that the State hud but two classes, lunatics and criminals. Already a new beginning has been made. Education and manufacturing are being properly encouraged, and whut is needed Is a judicious railroad policy, not born of timidity but of caution, dearly learned by experience, gentle and timely encouragement to local and individual effort, a sympathetic pat on tho back, n premium to thrift aud energy, which does not necessarily mean a raid upon the treasury, but simply go and sow, and the reaping shall be without tithes JOHN B. CLEVELAND. The Interest* of State and Conntlea Tilnntlml. (From the Cheater Bulletin.) Ohefter county would linll the passaze of such a bill with delight. Any alleviation of the trurden of taxation will be acceptable to those counties throughout the Stale which huve been, and are now, weighed down by the colls of that boa constrictor?the rullrond tax 1 * The prosperity of the State Is conditioned on the prosperity of the countlcs ?therefore whatever directly Incl-enaes a county's material prosperity Indirectly Increases the prosperity or the whole State. CONGAREE IRON WORKS. Coumbia. S. C. Agent for CHAPMAN'S PERPETOAL EVAPORATOR. 'PHESE WORKS WEEK ESTARLLSAED In 1 1647 by Messrs. Geo. Sinclair and James Anderson anil purchased by mo in tlie year ISM, and from that time till now carried on successfully by myself. My friends and customers will bear witness of the lar^e"and stoiiemlotis .lob* executed by me. It wns at my works where the larcest and almost only job of its class ever executed in this city was done viz.: Ihe making of the pipes for the City Water Works in tho year ISiS. In the branch of BELL FOUNDING, I can say that I have made the largest bells ever cast in the State, such us the bell for the Citv IIull In Columbia. My stock of patterns for ARCHITECTURAL WORK COLUMNS for Store fronts, is large and various, and in RAILINGS for Balconies, Gardens, and Cemeteries I have the largest variety and most modern patterns; many of these are patented sud I have purchased the right for this state. In the machine line I can furnish my patrons with STEAM ENGINES and BOILEKS of anv size and description. My CIRCULAR SAW MILLS have carried off the prize at ev-ry State Fair held In this : city, and in their construction I have taken pains to 1 combine simplicity with the most useful moiern Improvements, nml mny flatter mynclf tbat my CIRCULAR SAW MILLS find faror with o^ery sawyer who understands his business. The manv ortars ) am atcntftty receivlop for SUGAR CANfe MILLS prore that tbo ptibllr appreciate the mills ?f my iimke, and bo It is with my OKAltINO for UORSK POWERS. GIN WllliELS, GRIST MILLS unit otherJIAClllNKRY. I hare the maiiufnctnrini; rljbt of many PATENTS, such as castings fur ROt'K COTTON AND HAY PRESS and throe or four different FEED CUTTK8 j nod other implements. I *ill be pleased to send my circulars to any sppll-! cant, together with nrlcu list or estimate. My prices j ore mo>Wute, and I n'ssuro the public thnt they are lower than those of Northern manufacture:", and tbat I my work will cumparv favorably with that of any otliit maker, Address John Alexander, Congakkk Iron Works, Columbia, s. C. I IWSSESEB ?mm?? Echo Sonr, Oh, Ecbo, come! Oh, Echo. *ny What, course must I pursue to-day? Khnll I to Mamay go? And la ?)ie Lrne or no? And can I, will I happy be If I KOHee my Margery? Hpeak, Echo, now and tell, Sny truly If '11* well? " Tls well." flhnll I leave or now draw nenr? From tho dlstanco-#oft and clearAnswers Echo?"Now draw near." Oh, Echo, hew! Oh, Echo, lint! Tell me whose Hum my love hns kissed, Whose breath Is In her ear. Whose low voice doe* she hear? Oh. tell mo?will she, does Dhe wait For me alone before the gate ? T>o her thoughts nwlftly run To many or to one ? "To one." Khali I hate or love her well ? Silver-toned and like a bell Answers Echo? "Love her well." Oli, Echo, gentle Echo, come! Tell me. shall I lie cold and dumb, Must I my lo%e repress, And nevermore confers? rv- r T T How long I loved, how true, how well ? Speak Echo, now and nay Shall we not moet to-dny ??"Meet to-day." Hear Echo, will she ancwer yes, Filling my heart with happiness ? Far off sweet Echo answers "Yes." Feabody Sholarsblpg. There will be three Peabody Scholnrshlj? from thin State in the Nas ivllle Normal College for the session beginning October 1,1W4. Col. Coward, State Superintendent of Edu<atlon, has appointed a competitive examination to be held lor the same ut Spurtanburv on the 6th of August. The Scholarships are : open to either mules or females. , A colored woman of AJken, who had all the [ appearances of having the dropsy, ?a< taken last week with a severe fit of vomiting, daring which she emitted a well grown frog. 1 ! Since then the swelling has decreased, and ] the woman fuels a hundred per cent..better.? AUen Journal and Review. ?? - ?^ Garden seed of every variety, Just receiveu by fl. W. Lawson & Co. tf j A fall lino of tobacco, cigars, cigarette i and snuff always on band at Speed & Lowry. If yon want a ladies duster at New York coat, go to Cunningham & Templeton. Just received another lot of Cincinnatti buggies, which will be sold cheap to wash customers. Thos. Beggs. Black kid glovos in all numbers just received. R. M. Hadilon <fr Co. Fresb dried pruned at Speed & Lowry. ? We are still making largo additions to our stock of millinery and fancy goods. If you want a nice summer silk?Ft'you want a white lawn dress?if you want a handsome bonnet, or if you want any article in ladies wear call and see us, or send us your orders. R. M. Haddon & Co. Four car loads of meal and corn to arrive this week at bottom figures. A. ?. Rogers. Wardluw & Edwards have the pleasure of announce the arrival of attractive lines of Spring clothing for men's youth's boy's and children's wear. Jn the selection of these goods the utmost care has been devoted to style for early use of young men in the popular cutaway and sack suits, tf Over 100 pieces fine lawu and jaconet embroidery* with insertion to match. Spanish lace mull in priuk cream, blue and white. All over putfing forcombining with white lawns. K. M. Haddon & Co. A beautiful stock of all-over Embroideries can be seen at the store of White Brothers. These are the newest things out, and alt the ladies ought to see th( m. Always in stock large quantities of bacon, Molasses, cron, meal, fiower, etc. Smith & Son. Ready-made Clothing. Our stock .is large and handsome. Smith & Son. Wizard Oil men are gone, but left their oil with us. W. S. Cothrau <fe Co. If you are in request of gentlemen's Summer underwear, at low prices, give Cunningham <fc Templeton a call. A ll it costs is a dollar a bottle at, W. S. Cothrau t?r Co's. 3d barrels Irish potatoes just arrived at A. E. Rogers. Two and four buslx 1 grain sacks can i e tiad at P. Kosenterg <fc Co. in ny qu .ntity. Call tarly ana ue sup, 11 d. Now is your opportunity to get ?ents' first-class hand made shoes at net cost from P. I osenberg A Co. White Brothers have a larger stock than usual of Laces, Cotton and Linen Tr.mj imugs, Hamburg Embroideries. Their : as iortment of Laces is very extensive. If you want something to cure your headache, call at Speed & Lowry's and trv Mentholine. a nevtr failing reined v. Priming and filling paint at Speed <fc Lowry's. Lampblack, dry and in oil, and a variety of graining colors at Speed dc Lowry's. Wizard Oil will cure your pains?50c. and ?1 a bottle, at Speed & Lowry's. Try Stanley's toothache drops. Cure in one minute, at Speed ?fe Lowry's. Try the Dalmatian Insect powderwarranted to kill roaches, Hies, fleas, bed* bugs, chicken lice, and all other species of jnsects, nut poisonous to human (wings, domestic animalsor fowls, at Speed & Lowry's. Extract of Beef at Speed & Lowry's. A nice lot of tooth brushes just received at Speed & Luwry's. Ice cold soda water, only five cents a glass, at Speed cC Lowry's. A now lot of school books just received at H. \V. Lawson <fc Co's. C. C. C. A certain cure for chills to be had at Speed & Lowry's. Ladies, we have just received 100 pieces of calicoes, bleached and brown homespun, percales, ginghams, chantry, <So., for early Spring wear. R. M. Haddon & Co. At,l it costs is a dollar a bottle, at W. S Cothran <fc Co's. Why will yon suffer with corns when Can's'corn solvent is so available, it has been tested and its virtue is nnparalelled. To be had at Speed a Lowry's. Something New Uunder the Sun. rWILL be ready on and after the 1st of March to do any REPAIRING which may l>e wiinted to your SADDLKS and HARNESS. Don't postpone the matter too lonjr. The cyclone may come along. Be ready for the emergency THOS. 8E6GS. Feb. 27th, 1884. tf KUULAflS tt JSUTLttA, HAVE opened a BLACKSMITH SHOP on Die Alston House lot. next door to Hill & Son's Livery Stable, where they wlli be pleased to serve the public Jn the most satisfactory way. Any work od Carriages, Wagons and Buggies or horse-shoeing will be done In a workmanlike manner, at the most reasonable prices. RICHARD ROMAN8, HUTSON BUTLER. April 16,18W. ^hP WARDLAW & EDWARDS. VTOW HAVE TXIE PLEAfll-RE Of li anuounclng the arrival of hd atrructlve Line of FINE SHOES. Consisting of a full assort*; j ment for Men's, Ladies's and Children's wear, in all the Latest Styles. March 26, 18M, tf Abbeville Repository 1 ? I7?OIt the sale of Wagons, Husreles, Harness, j ' and everything usually kept In such establishments. I am also prepared to repair " Haddles, Harness and Trunks, with neatness ? and despatch. Call soon. Don't wait until I hey become worthless. THQS. BKGOH, At Seal's building, Alston Corner, March 19,1H84, tf Abbeville, 8. C. TSTETOT < Landreth's T All K Flat Dutch, Improved Purple Top, White Norfolk, Ruta Bagas, Purple Top Globe, And Seven Top. 1 H. W. LAW! Making Arr&ngemen T70R the beaeflt of peraooi who wl* J? ' nooomlM by htvlnt their 8ADI ?nd HARNESS REPAIRED on and Che in. of March, I will be ready to d auch work with neatness and dispatch. THOS. BEG (J .. cb. tjth, 188). It j SAMUEL C. CASH .Attorney A.t !LaT ABBEVILLE, S. C. No. 3. O'Nm'a New Law Bp ij,di< Will pmctloe In all the Court* of the 1 Jan. 2, l&H. Drs. Mabry St Hill. WE have this day formed a coperttre In the PRACTICE OF MEDIOIN all 11b branch**. In rawt where Ihe a tinn of b< th of as may be needed no < Charge wi.l be made. T.J MABRY. M. L. T. HXL. M. 1 Moach 12,4884, tf atmad r ^ ^ ? M O ts S s ? w ? S* 1S1 0 S3 g ?* Eh t 3 H h .. g hJ Cm GO ^ CU ? ? 2 5 -* S3 ? H ?0 J H 3a ar|l - w>fc? i .g ^ g M c td 0 rg? ^ ?w ? ? ? ? 'J ^ J? ? tg ? *?1 1 i B ? cr ? s o P g h 5 O ^ Ch 3 H ^ . ? JS "3 > 12 cE ,<8 fl B jd ^ 1884 OPENING 1884, o?o?-*? May, April 1st Spring and Summer Millinery, Patterns, Hats and Bonnets copied from the latest French importations. Flowers that almost rival natnre itself. Laces, new and liandsome, Ruchings, Trimings, Silks, Feathers, Kibbens, summer siiks, Black Silks, Dress Goods, "White Lawns, Gloves, Hosiery, Lawns and Hamburg Enbroideries. The ladies are invited to come and examine our Stock which tor style and variety cannot be excelled. , Vi B. M. Haddon & Co March 19th, 18S4. tf "IT STANDS AT THE HI ' The Star that Leads Them i THE LIGHT-RUNNING DOMESTK THAT it la the acknowledged lender la trade la a fact that cannot be dispute MANY IMITATE IT! NONE EQUAL The Largest Armed, The Lightest Running, The Most Beautiiul Wood ?And is Warranted? To be made of the best material. To do any and all kinds of work, To be complete In every resi FOR SALE BY B. M. HADDON & C 411 ill- n i ADOeYlIiB, 0. I Agents wanted in unoccupied territory, dres* DOMESTIC S. X. CO* Richmond, Vi March 28,1883, tf Wagon Bridles. tlTTTH or without blinds. For tho??' "v are able and willing to pay for | article, home made and hand stitched, I keep u supply on hand for sale. TH06. BECKS March 19.1881. tf Dissolution The firm of quarles a-co. this day dissolved, and the old fa ness will be settled by T. P. QUARL1 VIcIlwaio Corner. quarles <fr i Jan. 7, 1884, tf Hake Your "Beds" Comfoi able. Vf ATTRESSES at J3.00, $3.50. and I LtI Spring Beds at price* from 12.00 to I otne of them will iattia life time. Secure or each bed and live lODger. For tale at J. D. CHALMERS A O Oct. 31, 1888, tf Marshall P, DeBral Attorney at Law, YlijijEi V. XI. O. I/. CROP iirnip Seed! iinds Purple To Hanoy< Yellow Abberdee Pomeranean White gM Amber Glob SON & CO. |