Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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mw~ r gV 3C-i. I '. . f ^ 1. | jfxie Press and Banner. By Hujrli Wilson. | Wednesday, Marcli 28, 1383. | The C. C. G. & 0. R. R. t At present everybody seertis to be tp.lktiR of the probability, or the improbahiltv, of the siici'chs nf the projected Caroltoa, Cumberland Gap and Chicago Rail'ond. Many of those most Anxious nd most hopeful sometimes express heir doubts, that tliey may roeuive furliorand more assuring reasons to hope. I fust now the snlijeet of location, and the 1 ssessment of damages, against tho road Yor running across the hnildtnx lots in town, is being discussed, and s-nne o! <Mif ruinnln mo s>lp<-!tiin<jr iinrt dreamimr tie m ' t?f li^IitfnI dreams in anticipation of t'i? reception of a handsome lot of shekels for allowing the i?reat iron highway a passage over their soil. Others again may not be dreaming ro sweetly, because of the threatened location on their lots, to spoil their land and to ruin tho neighborhood. i There are yet another division, and by far tho larger number of our citizens, who are anxious to sec tho road completed, j fend ean see only good to all, no matter. \vhoro located. A very largo part of the money which was paid by our citizens townrds tho grading of the road, was given on the condition that the depot should bo within half mile of the Court Houso. But in tho act of tho Legislature authorizing the consolidation of A. ?fc F. B. V. R. It. with ! tho C. C. G. <t C. R. R. laigcr powers I were, in express terms, given to the new company. We ate not authorized to speak for tho I company, and all we snv below is merely | our own opinion : We are perfectly satisfied that various! changes in the survey will be made. At! Abboville Court House the depot, instead ! ol boing in rear of.Judge McfiowanV ii""" will I*a iii the iHMirliborhood of the! Morse house or Mr. Livingston's rcsi-j denee. Tlie line of the road, instead ofj coming down the Blue Hill and across| Iho branch, and up in rear of the Episeo- j pal church and by Major Zeigler's house,; will pass entirely around the head of the J Blue Hill branch, coining alum; the ridgoj to within the neighborhood of Mr. Liv-: ingston's. We believe this change willj be made from the fact that the new route! is of easy grade, and a fourth of a mile j f- shorter. By this change a trestle sixty-j '?' foet, with long bench approaches, will tie; avoided, to say nothing of the expense ofj right of way?a saving of perhaps $15,000 j In money and a fourth of a mile in dis-! lance. The changes at Due \Vest may also stir- J prise some of the friends of the enter-' prise. Due VVest will in all probability,) be left to the right?going from Abbeville, i The road will be run 011 the ridgo between j Mr. Pratt's and the town. The changes will no doubt give dlsi.it- | Isfactlon to many friends of the road, but i we think the apprehended rviN, to result j from the change, are more imaginary than real. For instance, right here in Abbo-I vlllo, whero the depot is within three' hundred yards of tho Court House, tlie j lands ubout tlio depot aro cheaper to-day j tlian anywhere in town within tho samo j distance of the Court House. If the do-j pot should be located at tho M?r*e house, j it could only Inconvenieneo us a little in | going to the depot. Tho business of tho j town will all ways b-? done on the Public! Square. In Greenville, whore tho depot Is some two miles from tho Court House, nobody thinks of going out there fo build A store, and no mun of capital would j think of going to the Morse house to sot a p business. The location of tho depot j' cannot influence tho rorroval of the trade from the Public Square. There can be no doubt that the oontrae-: tors for this great road aro in real earnest ?& ?/; about the matter, and their energy and j ivAvl' practical application to the work, will, we Bp;v". believe, succeed in tho end. Theenla-ged j if"powers of their new charter, which enn-j Y bles them to change tho lino of survey, j will bo worth many thousand dollars to j them. The saving thus secured, togethor with tho large amount of grading already done, wo think almost guurauteos tlio j success of the road. At various points there are contests for) tho location ot depots. Tho company j will by this means mako a trillo here and . there. As far as we are informed, all tho pro- j Kicn Knr?n mnHrt. ! Ijilljiuaij aiinii^iiivu? vw.. ... , It only remains for Mr. Sehofield, who Is! now in England, to get tho money, and a' thousand hands will make quick work of; the road. Speed the day. Why Is It! We notice that the County Commis?loners, County Treasurers and the Coun-. ty School Commissioners of various! counties have failed to comply with the : . law which requires them to make "an | annua: report of all claims filed, audited ' and allowed, and ordered paid by them J during the fiscal year." Does this failure to comply with this requirement ol the law follow in conse- j queuce of tho provisions Section 5 of the j /"~ "Act to Define the Duties of County Commissioners, County School Commls-j vioners, and County Treasurers," whii lt < was jMissed during the session of 1SS1-82,j and which reads as follows: "That if alter examination of said reports <>r County CommisMioncrs, County I School Cointnissioners, and Treasurers., the Grand Jury shnll find any discrepan-! cies between the reports, or any irregu-i larities therein, or any embezzlements of or extravagances in the expenditures of | public funds, they shall present the same j to the said Court, ami orders shall bej taken thereon as shall meet the ends of, justice." We are sure that there is nothing dark ii? tii?ip nffii'iiil nets, of which thev need be ashamed to publish? Section 0 of the sutne Aft is as follows: "That said reports of County Com mis*ioners, County School Commissioner?,' mid Treasurers, shall be published at; least two weeks before tue sitting of saiil! Court by saiil otficer* or their several! clerks in some newspaper published in said County." The public ma}" form their own condii-I sions, a.s to the reasons which have J prompted these olHcers in various parts j of the State to evade the law. No law on i the Statute books seems to be more unpopular with these onjeer*, and thov hold j up their hands in holy horror at the idea j of the expense of making the pnbli?*a-1 tions in aceordanee with the requirements j of tho law, and which publications can j only bo their own vindication or their i own condemnation. Where the reports] aire withheld in violation of the express' (tornis of the law the people will no doubt i 1" -nofiu f/> ATi-nsfi iliL'in because of the' w n.?v.-T - expense incident to their full vindication. J ?- Seriously, it was certainly a piece ofi ?ntrageous presumption on the part of onr Legislators, to pass a law which rc- j quired the people's financial agents to make full and exact reports of their man-j agement of the tax payers' money. For1 this reason, these officers are not tobcj blamed for not complying with its pro-1 visions. It costs too much money to let, the people know the facts as to where the, different suuis went, and then to require each oflieer to give an itemized statement | of his drafts and payments from the puh-1 lie treasury might expose some little acts| of personal favoritism which every ofti-j cer has a perfect right to grant to his Iriends. Why require all these ofliecrs i to make reports? One of them would answer every purpose. If one of them is honest, it necessarily follows that all the others are faithful to their trusts. But, above all, why this prying into; the business of <?ir masters? \VI?v ex-! J?.. ... a.?" pose tlieir actings riiu uuhi^i w m? vm-j gar gaze of the tax-payer? Why open! their books to everybody, when it isi known that anybody, even if he lives! twenty roilea from the Court House, can I come her? aud demand the exercise oft his right to eee the books and records of any public officer? Why then expose his books aud reports to the inspection of every private citizen, to every loaling crowd on the street corner, at the railway station! or elsewhere? Those idlors should, have otlier business than seeking Pflaws and errors, or even worse, in the ' financial management of our public funds? If an honest officer has made a mistake, why expose his error in this , heartless manner? It might injure hiui in the race for re-election. W? say thUy let our ofijcera, our grand jurors, our newspapers, and persons who hope to hold office, join in the demand upon our Legislators to repeal this odious law. If it remains on the books, how are errors, steals, and wrongs to he covered up and smoothed over? Let the law lie repealed instantly. Let no such Democratic outrage remain on our books, which at some unexpected moment may ruin the character of a good and true Democratic ofllcor, who may now be above suspicion. An Inventive Genius* In oilr opinion tho Democratic party j if South Carolina owes a debt of grati j tudo to tho "man who waved a board j with nails in it," on election dav. \V< trust that our peoplo will sea that n<harm miiips to this inventive renins. I! ho is etieo-aa:od he can in the future bring us safely over all our troubles. Tlie Molhodists?TiiMr Co!!ego an:l Thfiir Newspaper. The MeOiodtsisof South Carolina prnpr??nt?> nil?ea $10l.W) endowmenI for Wolford l"<>1 t'-.'C. In two vf.iiN by a e ?ntrlhniiin of ?| p>?r niimnn for uvn ycniN, or S! pnr nnnuiii forono your, from ea.:h incn!l)t'r.--/rxfA?a.7t;. T'io Methodist* are a ereat peoplo, and their part In every nood work in South Carolina has boon of tho f tremoRt and most effective kind, mid the!l* College nt Xpartanhnri: Isnn hon"r to the Stnte. Th it the College will lie tibcrnlly endowed, no one nceJ doubt. The Knlertainment Last Niyht. A delightful entertainment was given last night in the Court House by the la dies of Trinity Church, for tlio purpose of raising funds to repair that church. The performance was begun by thirtyone children, who rendered in song and recitation, the melodies and rhymes of Mother Goose, with which wo have all been familiar sineo our childhood days. These little folks wore dressed in costumes to suit their characters, and did themselves and their instructors great credit. Tlicy appeared on the stage as follows: Master Tom Parker and Miss Katie Cootrler?Baa, l>aa. black sheep ; Misses Floride and Willie Calhoun? Roses red, violets blue; Misses Agnes Garv and Jennie Perrin? Rock a bye baby, on the tree top; Miss Sophie Haskell?Mistress Mary quite contrary; Master Frank Wardlaw and Miss Mannie Perrin?When T was a bachelor; Miss Mary Lee?T had a litt'e hen ; Master Frank Parker and Miss Mary IJarn well ?.Jj ck Spratt; Miss Mary Robertson?Little Nancy Et I i coat; Miss Florence TempMon and Master Lewis Perrin?Jack and Jill ; Miss Lucia MuGowan?Old Mother Hubbard; Master Edwin Parker?Little Jack Horner; Miss Lucia Parker and Master Andrew Wardlaw?Little boy and girl who lived in an al'ev; Misses Saidie and Cnddio Calhoun? Sinir a song of six-pencc; Master Gordon White?Lit'le boy blue; Miss Rosa Mi Gowan and Master James Cot lira n?My pretty maid ; Miss Iz/.ie Hratton?Little BoPeep; Master Rob Perrin?Pat-a-cake, baker's man; Mi>s Mary White?The North wind doth blow. Miss Jentiio Zeigler?I had a little husband ; Misses Afl'i 10 Kiisseil. t'otito lJonnnm, EdnaTustcn and Master Waldo Marshall ?Needles and pin*. The children's dresses wore beautiful and varied, and it was a lovely sight to see them dance around the May Polo. Miss Mamie Zeiglcr sang "La Primavera," afterwards as an encore, a beautiful I ml lad called "Speak to mo," Then followed a May Polo Panon by the-n same children, and tho chorus of Old King Cole by ihe same. The whole! pcrformanco of these little people wasi highly croditalilo. Song?I should like to Marry?by Miss; Bessie Cooglcr. This bright song by tho j little maid, was well sung and well re-i eeived >>* the audience. Following this was the beautiful Fan Prill, which the young Indies rendered with so much eclat last winter. They were dressed in drosses of the time of Queen Anne, and were bewitchinglv j charming and interesting. Song?by Miss Matnie Zrigler. Miss Zeiuler has an unusually tine voice, well tr lined and full of melody, and sang uncommonly well last night. The performance closed with a langhablo farce entitled. "Creatures of Impulse," with the following persons in the j cast: >ersri. Kiooquo?l<. ??. smitn. uress? j Uniform soldier of tlie French nrtnv. Master BooiriMehardt? H. T. Ward law. j Dress?Grey coat and trimmed, blackj has?, Mack rap. Peter?M. L. Bonham, Jr. Dress?, Black velvet coat, crimson breeches, black hose, red cap. Jacques?A. W\ Smith. Peasant costume. 1st Villager?J. L. Peri in. Peasant! costume. Mistress Martha?Miss Ellen Parker.; Dross?Black and red striped skirt, red! satin bodice, black embroidered apron,' white cap. Pipette?Miss Bessie Norwood. Dress' ?Pink satin skirt, pink liodio laced overj blue, neck lllled with embroidered lace, apron trimmed in mat re me lace, white i cap trimmed in pearls. Old Lady?Miss t Mel in Matthews.! Dress?Black satin dress, dashed with vellow, Elizabethan rufl, pointed Witch's! hat with cabolistir figures. 1st Villager?Miss Kate Marshall. Dress i ?Red skirt, soanist lace over suit, red jockey cap. 2nd Villairer?Miss Aylette Chalmers.. Dress?Crimson skirt. Itodico of same, j Mack embroidered apron, peasants cap. j The play was sprightly. and wpll at-; tended. Being interspersed with so mo airs from the opera "Patience," with l'l til ? ???!? cl'M'M|, SHIIIC t'A* I client local hits beinir made. Upon the whole, tin entertainment was decidedly pleasant and successful. Those who had it in charge deserve the fullest measure of success. They spent much time and labor in prepartion for it. The stage was, by fa1, the best and prettiest that we have ever seen here, and is a hiirh evidcrue of the taste and skill of Mrs. Beuet and Mrs. Calhoun who had the entire entertainment in charge, and deserve much of the credit for its success. Last Sunday was Easter. T.io dav was so cold and rainv hat but few people attended divine worship. The ladies of the Episcopal Church had dressed their church in a most beautiful manner. Thk skating rink-is the most popular resort for tho young prsople of Abbeville. Miss IKtCNH, dautrhter of Mr. and Mis. Visanska, of this village, is very ill. Er.us (J. (}i!.\YDoy, Esq., has returned from Ed^eticld Court. Miss Sadik Livingston has returned from AtijruMa. Maj. ICauxbst Gary of Edgefield 1"? in town. ? School Aire. Rev. R. Latimn says in the Yorlalllc Enqnver: "T nm eminently n?ked if children under xlx yea's old,and tliow? over sixteen, nrc entitled to the hene'lts of the Free School Fund? For the Inf >rmatlon ot all concerned, I answer t lil< question by saylnjr that the school law of South Osiro'lua s|-ecltles no cliool ;>ce. TheConstitutionof thesiate provides fArtlc'e X.Src. I> that'It shall lie the duty of the General AsR"iniiIy to p*ovi le fur the compulsory attendance, ut eliher public or prlvntf schools. of all children between the ajresof six and sixteen year<. not physical I or n?eiita:ly disabled, for h term equivalent to twenty-tour months at least: Provided That no law to that eiVcci shall he passed until a system ot public schools has iieen thoroughly unit completely organized, and tnetlltles atiordo.l to a'l the Inhabitants of the Stale lor th" free education of I heir children." Tiie law contemplated by the ahove section ot the ("on?ti'ti'Ion has nevi r been evae'ed. It is my opinion that Impliedly, the school arc Is from six to sixteen, inclusive. Still, I do not think It would be safe In any rase to attempt by law to exclude children under six or over sixteen years from the free schools." .<? Lot Us Hnve Cheap Shoes. The Barnwell Senlitwl su.vr: "The sboeniako's throughout the State are whiMiik war acalust. the South Carolina Penitentiary offit?rs. for placing their ?oods In the way of the trade. While It Is legitimate, II Is eertainlya hardship phteed upon 111# shoulders of ho'ncgt iHhor, art'ectlne poor tradesmen to that extent where their business will be ruined if it Neonliniied." The Jferrh 'nf and Farmer, says: "To this we <-ay ; let us have cheap shoes ; no matter who makes thein, so they h? pood. Jf Hie slioe-inakern can not compete with convict labor let them go at something else. Aud so say we all. ?V ? ?? KofMncr of Cotton. [Southern Cultivator ctiid Dixie Fitrmcr.] . In r? plying to the questions or Mrs. C. H. In Jan.. number, you say. "It (the rot ling of her cHiCon) Is not probably due to vnrleiy of cotton." It Is my opinion that It wsift <1ue to the variety she n?--ed. There are some varieties of cotton that will nol cpen on certain kinds of 1nn<l In tills eoiint.v, notwithstanding they no well on u dillereiit kind of will I lieutd a" very Intelligent farmer. Aaron Woodsll. j Sprintrvllle, Ala., sny not long since, thiu he has succeeded In making a linle of eol ion per aere for several years, on hind hud previously J failed t? intiture any thing like a half crop, nnd he said ih-itll wnsuiMloiiMedly the variety of the cotton planted that earned tliedltfrr- I ence. He hail always s"ece>-ded In producing very fine s'alks and an abundance of verv tine looking boll?, hull hey failed to open. 'l think It would he well for Mrs. ('. H. to look around her and ascertain how her neighbors succeeded ami what varieties of seed they planted. I venture the opinion that the variety she planted had large hoi Is, and was very i late In commencing to open. I! the bolls that did open were enrl.v, then it was not due to I he variety, hut If very lute, I have no doubt it wiis dt'ie to variety. M. H. Zellnfj:. Ashvllle, Ala. hkten0i>0r0t7s but Orthodox.?The farmers near Johnston, are using barn yard manure very liberally Ihlsycar. Many nr the Held* seen from the railroad are thickly dotted with large heaps of this heterodorous but orthodox etimulant.?.EU<7*5T M AAwrtiur. \ I I I ll?l >1 IIIIWIIIIWH?II IIBIMI Froijress in South Carolina. ! We are indebted to th*-? coni'lcoy of an 11 siknown friend fir a copy o' the Xchcrry 0'>i server, containing the uddress of iho l?ev. J. 12. lUi3hneii, before llio Projporily Debating: ICiub on the CO) Instant. Kiom that address we copv the following extracts which r.rc about as true its gospel, and wull worthy of u careful reiuilti;: Utitrrml (JroWth Under DitTicutics. Patient, honest libor lead-">n to h'ph power it the last. The kindly, soejal habit* of tin-; Miuth ''nn slill he cherished. and industry! cid economy meet the cost or livln/. The| nil is favorable. I'll 'c'lniate ?lrUesn hnppy nenn betwe -u the insens" bent of the .nnie nd Ibe frisrid temperature of the N'orili viuth Carolina has many advantages f?r i . tried culture. This stale can irrow wlthii t? own borders nearly all of Die veirclabh roduets of the Nor: h-tem;?erate zone, and lo extent, the fruits of the tropic. Cotton - KhrJ. and the ?5tHte l? kill* Of Cotton. She iniiot a low any one stni?le to prevent the mifltatiic enl! lire of any other staple hence wheat, corn. ric". oats, r.ve and tiarely ami noaloes are raised throughout the State The xviplodem m I. and nn-t h ive. a w<*ll ada >t d and wisely directed culture for the soil.? IH me (li'lll'IIHI, H 11 <1 IIIUM- Iliivi', it *vn -onnded inn! thoroughly finislvd cdue. iti in or their mi ml. Land th it will not produce ts value in one staple must l??? mado t?? pr>>Inee its Vidu" In another. The wl?< fanner sows small grain on I ho s"l| a<l<pt"d I* ?r small grain, and pot ton on the soil adapt'-d or cotton. Sugar-cane, corn ami wh"it, etc., are cnitiviit'-.l according to the* fa-ilitles afforded. Attention to improved method* has has brought about a change In the agrieiiltural repo't*. The farming interests have h'como the hone and sinew of progress. Tlie pent state reports give great en eon raiment to ail the people. In comparing the repent reports wltli tho?e made heforc the war. >ne tlndsaildiiional eneonragemcnt whendne allowanc is made for the war losses In all of their hearings. Kcfore the war the average yield of eorn in the suite was I I hnshels per acre; tlie yield now is nearly 13. The yield then for oats was I'J hnshels ; now the average is22. Tliu yiel I in wheat wns il; now it is nearly 10. The increase in the yield <>f cotton and nee and potatoes was so great during the pa*t year that w? tlnd sntliei-nt. ercour.tgemerit without further comparison. According to the latest figure* in reach of ihe writer, this state had is cotton-factories before the war. with a sin ill cupitol of >W.r.'Oi; now Ihe Slate has 2" factories, with a capita! of ?l..j|7.0'Jl The inereas<*in m.vtufic; tnres has been wonderfu!?all hnvlerin: (causes fiiriy considered. lt?fore ihe war tins j factories consumed only about five million* of ! iiuiinds ; now they consume about thirly mil! lions, lint while we note, with pride the rej-u is '?f progr s-iivo labor in South t.'a',olini, I .iiiiiiM m?i? ilii> rPMilts of nro-jrestive la lior elsewhere In South Carolina. as reported In last ( i-n<ii<o, only W.tiO hales were tnaniifie' tured.?while over ">')uo'( hales with manujfacured in the Slat* nf Massachusetts tin>-lusc I (lie same pclodr In South Carolina only about two thousand persons are all'orded employment l?y thfl looms : while over (j'V>0) are employed In Massachusetts. Thus we learn Hint there is room lor improvement in ! tills state. So. too. it is well to note that, while South Carolina raKcx only ahoutatliird of a hale, upon an average, to the acre. otiier cotton Slati-s rahe over a half. Some in this I section, to be sure, raise over a b ile to the j acre. One gentlem in da I in< that he made II I hales on 0 acres. The reports troni tho Slate at large show tha' funning has Meruit to pay th'iRO who L'ivc it dne attention. In an adIji>inIn ; section magnificent crops arc reported for land which, only eiuht years ago, ! was Kald to he too pour to sprout, peas. Free ) labor and pergonal attention to business have ! ma lea wonderful change m the farming In' terestsof the South. Ilefore the war, t'? quote Itlie wo ds of tlie'tile Gov. H -nry A. Wise of ; Virginia, tli" "ni 'gers skinned the land and I the white men skinned the niggers.'' The ! land was not Improved tiipn as now. I If every county in South Carolina would I turn itsatten ion to th manufacture ol cot' ton. as Greenville, fcnartant>urg. Aiken and | Anderson have done, tlieState would hegln to : take rank with Maine, New Hampshire, Connecticut. Ithode Island. and even with Mas: <.A..U lit llm nutnliMP t\f itu IrviliK ;i 1111 i t>> * value of lis niannfnetur* s. Here is the prulU of i)i<? cutton trade. The raw Maple J jt'iy* only when it is solil In a llni^hcl form. ; More* greed for gain should not Ineite us to 'action. We nim, rather. to et|ual the worM I in industry and skill. It is our duly to make I good u<e of our opportunities. Our ban-Is I must he k?'pt husy ami our brain* must he brought In to fill I fc-viiic,-Ilia l.i lie talent com' nil tied to us may lie returned with usury. I What others have done we can do. Others j have excelled In manufacture* and we can Icxc?l likewise. Slabs, IiUe school children, stand or fail, aec-ir'Hug to the repo-ts they i can sh >w If south ("aro Inn Is to take the tlr't mnk In the sisterhood of states, slie I must ?lio>v si fitting rep >r;. from time to time i Past failures must, be maile goo I. It is sheer ! nonspiise'-i for u< to claim ei|Uaiity with [ others, unless we do the works that others do. It Is also a lame excuse for us to plead the i force of untoward cfrcumst inc-'s. What i others have d ine we can do. In spite ofcir' cunistances, 'I he ureal men of ihe world hav? | beconi" great against, faltliful odds. New En-.'land States manufacture rotton cheaper I tlnn tin* Cut ton States can. Tim South Is not 1 ie s wl'llng to work, but It Is wasteful of time, i It forgets that minutes milk* hours, and | hours make days, and d >ys make years. The [South l icks system and skill also. This adI mission may S"em offensive ; but the truth ; must be told. The South is traveling In h I shuc-coach.and has to unload and help herself out. of a ditch In Ihe ro-nl at every mllepost. The Noith ts tilling In an elegant pnlace-ctr, with all the conveniences and (comforts which science can suggest. Our farmers complain, sometimes, that farming does not pay; but they forget to ail.I that it does not p i.v when one Is farming on borinu'wl /vimtill tit the mJpnl iinr r.<ni lr*r/?i*. ,cM. Thedcl>t burdened planters nf the south who run their plantutlons on loose business principle iind mortgage their crop* before ! IIvy lire made, ircneral ly pay a ruinous rate of Interest. The linnks In some sections find no [ dilllcultv In L'citiiig 2'<? per cent, a inontli fo> short advances. The merchants also cinnot J sell at close m a ruin* where the credit, system prevail*. The planters work hard ; but they I lose at tho tiiimr hole while they Have at. the I spigot. The writer has toiuulilrit the farmInterests of the (julf States are greatly dam|nged by the credit system which menus'borrowed capital.'} It is much the same In South Carolina. The farmer who pays cash when , lie buys will profit the merchant. 'Ihe meri chant who gels ca<h when he sells will profit the farmer. The cash system secures a double gain for both producer and consumer. Merchants in Rulatiou to Manufactures, Etc. j The relation which mercantile and mannfa'-iurin^ Interests sustain to the community shoii d b?* considered lu ihelr respective hearings. .Manufactures and agriculture stand ui on Ihe same tool in;;. In liiat bulb interests repieseni productive capital. It is self-evident that merchants are a ne-'Cvsity In any community ; hut it Is a!so clear that the capital Investment lti merchandise atr>rds simply a medium of exchange, and Is not a sou-en of Increase of wcalt'i. The larmer puis his labor, which is his capital, into produce: I. c.. into an actual incnaseof wealth. The manufacturer puts hi< capital into pro lin e, and there Is an Incr<a?eof wealth. The imtnu.'actuier puts his <'a;>ital into produce, ami there Is an Increase in the wealth ot Ihe community as a restill of lahor. For example: the planter raises colton and the iiiAMulacturer puts it into certain oods, which inerea-es Ihe wealth of the producing community to tlie valu>* of tiio goods produced. Tiic nieichanl. on the other hand. Is the middle man between the produ or and arc widely s-parattd, and the merchant, is employed to l>r?n r the supply of tli;> pro lu^or within reach of th<* demand of the consumer. An individual who wishes to write u letter cannot nfiord n> make a trip to some mill in o; dor to cot a sheet of pa| er, and to another I mill in order to get a pen, and to another In i order to get a pen-holder and to still another j in order to vet a bottle of ink. The mill*, on i the ottier hand.eantiol u'lord to re'all their | ttoods to lndi vidual customers. Hence. merI chants and public carriers must be employed. , Hut neither merchants nor public carriers are producers in the same sense that nianufactu'< rers and farineis are. The wagon mam.taci lurer produces a supply of wuroiis. and there is an actual incr ase of values, in so far as certain taw niateil .Nliave been increased in 1 their value by the labor spent In coiivertin; !the raw iiiaicrial Into wagons. When the i merchant sells a wagon tlie wealth of til*.' [ community Is not thereby increased, as in j the former case: fort lie merchant simply effects an exchange, and retains a small profit as th'- price ol tiis time and risk, etc. Thus it is that nirtuufa'-iui'liiL', or pro lucincotni nitmiiies beceiino so much richer tl<nn noni producing or part-producing communities. I A eoinmunily must produce mop- than it con1 mines in order to mere 'S--in wealth : which i is to say, ll>a! Iiismw rich, a nrui must niaUe more tlian he spends, l.et Us lo.ds once at 1 lie i financial condition of the manufacturing i States of the North and Ivist. New Yoik j state, with a:i ar*-a of 1(1,170 square miles, ('ess i than the area of Georgia.) has an a>scsst-d j v.ibiatlon of i.'Kiit. which exeee l*, by ! iu.mIl' C'XVI Hill II 1 I ll.r. ,.uu<..u...l \-.. I il it loll i>l' ; the entire thirteen Southern stilt** with a:i I area of square miles. (The Southern (States embracing, as they do, some of the rlrhe-t soli of the Colon and ha vim: great advantages in the line of climate and river and I harlmr navigation.) Pennsylvania, with an j area less than I hat of Georgia, of Alabama, ol I Missi>si|>|v. of Arkansas of Louisiana, of F1 >rida, and about thil of Vlrg'nhi or of North Carolina, has an assessed valuation more than two-third* a? lane usthnt of tilt* ! thirteen Southern States, and more than live ' time* that of Virginia. .Mas-aehn-c'ts, (S 315 ; square mile"'), ahout one-filth the size of the iVIiglnla, has an assessed valna.to'i of live ; time* more than that state. Khode Island, 'one fort.v-Kevenih the size of Georgia. more I than equals that State In wealth. These Interesting li?u;c< have heen carefully compiled ; hy President l>reher. of Roanoke L'olleue. in Virginia lie 1< a native of South Carolina, an ex-Confederate soldier.and seeks to serve hi* peojde w!?ito ke reveals to them their rediiccd tiiianeial condition In comparison with the more wealdiv people of the North. We may e.\| l tin ihese llgnre-i as vrc must,?l>ut. the la-t is that lit" North will stand ahead of ' tin- sou ill. financially, In >> lar a* tin; N<>rth Is tin* producing, ami ih? South the c >n*uini In. section, The producer puts t!ie money Inio hl< pocket?while the consumer pays It J out. If a limn hires smother to work for liim and l>cnlines tiu? mere consumer of t!ie employeU lanor. the employee will crow rich ! while the employer grows poor. This in u : patent fact. j Without giving duo thought or uttering I words In behalf of the children of our own j race, or even mentioning the children of the i poor soldier who may have lost his life In the i late death-strug-rls. the learned orator, metaJ phoricaliy speaking, goes lnio spasms about II lie colored people.and thinks It our first duty | to educate, and ruin the nejjro. Imagine. If you can, the Confederal soldier j making appropriations to educate the negro j while his own children aland In need of every ! cent that he can earn. Such a thoughtehouId lie considered an Insult lo every decent negro In South Carolina If the mistaken zealots, who would be so liberal with other people'* monej. would teach the neg/othe true principles of manliness and independence, X they would instil Into him moral principles and ; self-reliance. If they would Inspire him with i the pride that produces decency and establishes moral character, instead of continually ; misleading lilin and whispering hopes of a mid <>n the public treasu-y for his benefit, which can n-ver be made, I hoy would in reality be benefactors to the negro. The n< irro i needs to bo taa^ht setf-relianeeand real manhood, Instead of the demoralization which Is sure lo follow a feeling of dependence upon public charity. We have no doubt that tlio zealots for negro ' education at our expense, at? 11 mo when our own children are npg'e;-ted. are perfectly i honest In their convictions and their effort*, i In like manner our Christian people aro sln-J cere in entertaining the chimerical idea that j a handful of Christians can convert the: I heathen world, and that It Is consejqnently thednty of our people, old and younir, to give money for u project which can never avail anything, while our own men and brethren at our very doors, are famishing for the bread of life. All this talk about the special education of the neuro Is demoralizing and can have no , other effect abroad than of creating thelm-| j prossion that wo nrc bothering: ourselves utt* i necessarily about otliet* people's private a Hiil is. J Is Hmallx a sample of t he educated negro? I Isn't Sam Lee one of tliein ? { Was tiot Whipper an educated negro ? j Wiis l>ot Wriulit also educate 1 ? j Were not all the n^gros, who have given i j ns trouble, of the educated ela-s ? Does not this great talk of legislation to | educate the neuro at our expense seem I :o ho perpetuating the race issues ? ( If every citize i Is free and equal before j the law, why d<*gr ule fie white limn by cert-i airing htm for not m iking laws discriminating airaiiiKt himself in favor of the negro? What ha< the ne^ro done, that we should p iss special laws for his benefit ? What has ic done thai the honest industry and economy of the while man shou'd be taxed to support I and educate the negro in tuieuos.s ; "Is thy servant u doz, that ho should do this great lliln^ ?" The Conviction or Frasior Cop el and nt Will bulla. Tne n.?0'v?? Crm'sr of the22d Instant, with more than the usual enterprise for which the country newspaper Is noted, gavo a longac! count of the trial and conviction of the negro, i Fr.isier Copelan I. for til'! murder of a white ! man named William John Hunnieutt. We jare sorry that so many evidences ol there; porter's personal feelin-ts aro Injected Into an I otlierwlsa good report. A report to bo vali naiile siiould, In our opinion, stale facts?not ! opinions? and be without personal Idas. The j ne^ro may have coin milled the murder, hut ; the report Itself will most likely ?*reaie the j impression abroad, Unit tln*rc is a strong current of feeling in Walhalla against the ' prisoner, In whieh that newspaper Is in j thorough sympathy. The Court II miss and j the newspaper should he able to be exactly fall-, and neither of these powers should be swayed by popular sentiment, against the i humblest citizen. Then why interlard edilo; rial remarks with the prisoner's own testi* j tnony, ami do It so lug nlou<ly a? scarcely lo , tie distinguished ny the cisua: reader, and | then in the next breath omit the name of th? i man or men whom the p'Ms-ner says coin' i milled the deed for which he was on trial, {and for which he must hang? I The editor in a foot note, suys the name was omitted for three reasons: | 1-t. Mi'ctns:' Oprlnml iI?ps not ?av pnlnt'-dly lie ; knew thesm men. but >-nly conjectured who they ! ?vf. j 2<i. Because hi- told m ninny ii:(T-r?>nt talcs a* to ! render iiiai utt<-ply unworthy of brii-f. ns to any perI sun i?- ng present, much l.tr* the* parties. S'l. UrcaiiM* It wniilil be iitralr to h -nd n'-ro-id lis I statements. not lielieved li-re. i?- to two of nr "ill| z.-ns. wiki nr." known nhr-wl. and who, i-i oar opinion. would nnil ran 11 not in- implicated ill the ?i(T i?r The pi|l> In ty (>r their linin-'S in Hie triil, lariri-l- nt ! tended, does them 1 jntll'v final ;h. wnhani -. ivinsr it ! p niliienco unci further ci rculation through our colI tuna*. j It will be noticed though, that In spite of I . i...1, i uilili.h ? ?< nrnvnil. Certain qtli'Sll'ti.s were i>inp'iiiniled to Mr. Uohlns touching il><* admissibility of ndiiils-fon* and con fessi lis which lit* was exiieeted to prove to have been made hv Cope iiihI. ami tho Judge hiving ruled the talimony to be roinpi-lrtU the examination !proceeded. Afirr the nnvst of Oooel> ! h? toll : wiiin-sji lit liot.-i ilmt hi-i'ttss-il llunnicntt nt the rail( mail cut In West ITnlo'i and ih it Il-mn'cutt was drunk uml klutr l??-hln?l tin* ??;nn anil his i-on driving. A map of th?-oad >nd positum of the cut I was exhibited Mild t'.V|il'iill' (1 \ few ?l:i* S lifter he j was <odj(ed Injat', t e night hel'iir very co'd ultn ?s i let Cop. In ml pass from tin* dungeon to ?h?* debtor* I r.oin to warm. "nd t?ld >* Dr. Jolni'in ><n | th n dav to notice his itho * fur blood. W hen he came In fiiiin dun.-ciiii b.ir?-f'Mit w|ines? n?ke?l him ?h< re his I shoes were. He r<-|ilie<l in the do'-peon. Witness I told hlin to co and get?lie it. as he warned to see them. Wliiuss examined t h?- shoes n rid I on id on one some* thi'ig !) llnm.'Ill wns blood lino hi pe.rance* an It h id I hern crupi d. ?nd I old ' 'opi'liud he was going to keep It Coiielmd begged or his shot-mid when I reused to give it to him he H'Miifil to In- Very mu>'-h troubled nhimt it. I locked the prisoner lip nod Went d >wti t-tftirs N< xt mo'nine i'o|io'?inl Sent for o come up ? he w .nti il to tell me s 'triethbig I did i'ot go up till eveni e. when C'ope and to d tile he heard ihu icks and was half w?y down tho hill to the creek froin wh- rt* ll'iniiiciitt was killed and tint i white til in (n>me otnii'e-i) pulsed lilui and slid If h- would never say anything ( it having s>s*n him tlil? g'de of the creek hr would m ike him : ti tle to that 80 actes of land. Ttie white man 'eft him at the ar nd of the brld*'\ Them-.n was wilklng A few d >ys after that I told l)e|ioty Bivnzeale to go u<i mid s y t<> Cren-haw. where Oipeland eoiild hear it. that ben Oaiy I in Toceoa City. ?in.. wa? arrested. and soon alter that cillvil I III' to the oell <lii-.r and I..I.| mi- that n th.-nl. h' ir tin- murder In* s w Brn Gary ut. K. C. Str 'tln-r'b store iiikI oth-r m-n with li in ami ih it h<' I) ard If*-(i 0 irv "-nv it>- Inirin] ij to have h s tnm.ev 11nit ut Humilcutt or HitUfiiC i'in. I nsked him It h | saw llwi ii try iiny whiTi* flsf tli .t niirht lie s:ij.| he { saw him 'l?mn when- lluiiiiicntt wa? killed. As.nl hint if H?- saw him iti?wh."Vids-tli t <!av. II said yi s ; hi- saw him in W illialla In th?? i-vi-ninc of S itnr day. I nskt"i Iiim if lie saw Men Oarv strlkr linnnlrillt. lie Stlil he heard tM? fli St lick and turned round ami saw tlie wave ot a man ami 5 w Lien Oarv ,?t Ikt* 1 us .in He said In/ then wi-nt hom as fi-tas hi* emi'il. ; Th next tah* lie sii 1 iha* -mn Tttrn.-r nml a iliff h-nt I whit- man (name tnitti-il) kilh-d II nil ettit. 1 nsnd lii'ii if lie # iw the h'ow struck. lie replo-d 1 h it ItI kiw Sam Turner Htrlt him ami lite whli?* innii sIihhI I tiefore tlie mil e* 'I h- toxt tile I'r to i| m was after I In- whslir-'itu'hi li.irk 'rom (Sieetiville. < ntf h-fore th.- lire Ninn nltrr cot iwck. I said to Win : ?laml. y.>u Ii ive to (1 a heap of lies ah..ttt this tliius nul II iloii't Hd -ve it w;ia aiiyb *?ly lint, your Ml I h-<ti?c j crowd tin' It died HillttiicilU No. lie ?nld, yon will IU'Ver e?*t the r L'llt "ft.? nniil y*m tret them. I nsk"il j who anil It" mill AlHlerson Oratio atlil llarv 'I'ttrner I 1 ask''il him who si nick II11 n tilvtl 11. a tl he siiil tie rott'd j not tell wh"ili.-i it Was I'iaih* or S un Turtle . I sked j was Stun Turner the e. II said y?-n, ihrrn w-s thrujot thi-m I Item and that Ilurve Turner stood in front iif ih.- Itillles. I Or.iss examined 1 ke-r> the jail. A iro "I many 1 jicm.-n- lniVr Ih-i-ii at tliejal , hut 1 ot to t-lck t'oj elninl I ?.r try t" tfet confessions out of hiin. What It- toM ! me h t-l.l v-i ttntarlly. and in iiio-t cava -e .t for Hie. | 1 lohl lire z* il ..lily tosiy who t'oiiel ?ti?l ri.u.ii I > ? - I. ?l...n It.. 1, h.llt It**..!! HI ri.l-tl'll ill '1'i.ero i I I'. to i" ... . .. j heillT Oil.r.li. sworn ? Am Sin* 1(1 >' Ori-envi'lT..U t?. Wit If 1m j:ii! ill Or civi le ('oo.-lnd lulil . rn ilia' lie was in tw.My-Ilve or tlih'tv yard- <>l II<ini ii i cm it u lice lie win kl'lod Si.ill lie i.a-sed lliu.ti rult ! ui tlu* railroad cut in West Union. Sam Turner trot j 01. tile u:t on iitnint Srhiiider'8 irate \ xvln e iii-in (naiiie omitied) a ruck liic blow and sni.l, take that, damn you. 'I'll ile:en?p n|.e il Hy (.U'ttuz the pr;Min?r. Fcrer Copehi'.d, Oil til- s-al.d. ilr *-l..t.-<1 Aul.sliiut'nly as follows: On S tut.liy. the 21 lay of U>Cinl><-r, I Worueil III lilt* Still ll Use 'ill Id o'clock llll't Hi. II Weill . ne half lli'le from III.' |>lilil c roail t-. a new p oiii.il I 10 cut WII'?I for the Stills ll I) I i i III..Mil. wile uml a half t" I two In.Mr* hy sun. I thru return <1, f <1 the oxen ami j oilier Slock. Jolt Oil will T rlolhrS mill we.ll to to" n. i D'.i.'l know "hut lime I ieit home nor nncheil Willjhalu. I went into I5ieiiianii'? More ami u-kr.l ki | l. ltk'.o. nr. Mr il-liry liieiuann said *l| rlcltt. wall | line awhile and Welti out. Mr. iltrjn ii soon rej illriie.l innl |. i.l me ii.ftn. I tlil'ti l.oii^ht one dollar's ! worth "f 111.-a ami Willie .i'lie t iiinsr-. I then started j home, l>r?tli> r Owens and I. otlirr Oilitirr coin* with I mens far a* IV est 11 ui n. I waul, il t. sto|> nt silr*-: h ei's .-lore to Ki'ttlc n il to Inly a le\V I hi unit | t (touch Oiloier |.ro|?.seil lor me to riile on with him, 1 j (leclill IS Oi liter saiil lie c .111.1 only St |. it sho t tillle, it being late. A I pa-S-d * 'title Store (..'low i Ifli iii iiin's I hearil some parties :h> inc. On.'of th in I sail that 11 itnnic 11 was in town uml lie ow .1 bin-. I j saw Hilli 'lctl l's wii-.'on at Mo ue's sh >p as I pi-sc. I At Mr. Sin.lh r's 1 bought a suck oi dour, rt inr cloth j un.l o her things ami sinrled home. Af.er I In.I crossed the ereek till-l lla?l got 'mr It irns" mill I thought oi the w.tie for the saci'mm nt, which I led | (org->t ton to got. it d ret tu ned hack t" Manner's an t I IhII oiv surk ill the Held ill Iro t of the storr ami Wrlit down to I'liiiiin >'s to |?t't ill** wine. I r<>nii<l tin- bur rlositl urn! went liack to se> m> fuck, and if.iin stai led Imine. I then pass* i| llun IciittV wucon at the milrid --u mdiI went, in iwiviiiicu f It. 1 caw two men stihdins opposite tlif fait- nt S hrinloi's house. 1 I Mi-lie t o e iitid In' ivpll d mill tlhdiiis It wns Sam | Turner. i said Mr. Turner, won't ynii jjo home Willi j Hie ? Turnerri piled lie llud oilier flsii to fry. As tile WHit'iii passed til *M' men olle ?' them winked mil towards li but I csiii'i sav wneth-r h** cot on the wuson. I I went oil m.d when ( reached tile lUt sums down lo- j wuids the liruneh I heard a lick mid then a mtli-r. | t'onid on'y sec the ImlK ?l a mini l>etween in au>l tlie i iimies I weiii mi and in 50 to it) mills "as over1 taken by two white men. One of 'hem as^ed me. | who Is til >t ? I ?iiM Copeliind. and ni-keil liiin tnn i sum <]<iegiitin. He save no answer and I then said, 11? ttint yoti. Mr. . mimintr a white Ulan seveial I limes. IK* said, don't you suy to noywie ?ou saw me lid- (side of the cro k and yuii shall h?.ve a home as Ions as ymi Hve. The other then came uii and I said,' laihntyou Mr. , iiamlns; ninth r white man ! lid lie said Vis. Hesitid, "g? liaek ?lih mo. ilainii you." I rvf o d. and h** said.-yon inu?t it bak with Vne. or dttinn y u, i will put mi end io ?ou." I still iefuse'l and the other hnvins <iwe on, thin man cm Bed liie for evervthlnif. I ti.ousht ode w is Mr. . b cause [ h id I) mslit land limn htm once and hoi not | paid lor I1 and be Spoke id a home. [Alter li u ill III lis and hiwinsr lie ifave Mr?J lie an mi that nun ranie I li.to my view ai that moment." At the sec >1111 mud j hole, httiolid the bridge 1 saw a man ride outfioiii! tlie hushes mi tlie rouili ide. I m y Bald good eveiilns,1 and Wi-ut on. When I if"t home I took out the tniugs I and said to my wire, 1 urn hungry ; set tome giii per. ! The hoys Gibson and hoice, were there a* tliev ! stated. I took out some shot and powder and ulierj G! iiiiftne horn tin-re wit* a load rah--ui li over. nnil I I j loaded 1 lie Bin with it. One ot the hoys p' posed to ' 1 g'i and steal a barrel of will-key a id I said I was I v! Ins there in prevent such a till lis. Gibson or (.'lioii-e, I | on-, said let us eat a birr 1 any way all 1 not miud the ; o d preacher, as he could or \r-i d I not hit them. If he ' all*Hi d ?ho**t. I said try it Iin*l See if I * o notsprinl le ' I you so d with shot I only saw II uiinti-iltt alter he! ! waj de d. I did not nee liiin solus t* W.otmla n*-r 1 j while th* re. I have done a gonil d al ol wmk for | lluniilciitt. He ?i-?i?y? p 1 d m**. 1 th'*ushi * great J ileal of utm and never said to hlc In or am other i? r-1 ' *on wliat h*- siys I -aid last summ r. 1 did not kill | Mr. Hutiulciui I deny havl j* told John l':i:h at ; Orclivil e what he ?ays I mid Kvery wold - f it Is 1 false. I en 11 hot usree to havlns tod herllf H *bln? and Mr. Goodman and others all they nay in the way j | they my it 1 Cross examined?Did nut see IIimniciit In lown ! thu dav and never knew lie brought C *fon I did ' ; not ai-e him In WitlhiiUit tint d:t\. I \ it>l miw liiin [ when I p 'sscil hi* waitun at tit- mllruuf chi. IIw.is ; then <>n tlx- w gun I <! no' rviii?-iiil???r telling Kohltis hi* whs w.ilkln? iit.cl (liuiik. i cuii'i say who wa driving. [>!o|ii'lnn<l wiimhed 11 ifo-Mlile.il] |i n.n't aiv who ll ww? ?p->k" of IItiiniiciiit lit tin- More j bel--w HI ni!in'?. I ht'tnl :i nam- c.ll-t In the crowd 1 whlcn sonnd-d Ilk-- MoOee or Mitgill or Hoim-ibing of the kind. He >??> it strancer to me. I pm-it-d Sam Tnrn--r ?t <chrmlri'it ifaie ui-l nno lier mm ttnk own to me with Mm. Tli - next persons I ?aw, :is I think, j was two whiteiiu-ii, th- a.tne heretofore metitlo I. I c.ui't 8-iy tltev kllteil I [tinnl -uti, but I think iln-y ->r ! one of thein llled hltn. 1 did not fay I 8nw the #ee-j otiil hck K'ruck. noi do I know wlnit the pirtleg it the wagon ilhl I don't know what h cnnte of >nni i Turner nfter I pa?i?eil hltn. Th wngon of lliiniilciitt went the Mine road aid bv my ti?UM*. When I talked to Sheilff KoMns ami Gllr--?th a--d Mr. Goodman 1 look thein io lie friends. I k ew tnev would iithtiit i me nor al'--w me to lie hurt. I did not know thei parties In the c-ll with ine lit Greenville. There wi.8 a growl many. I only told th'-re pemnna thnt I Wii? put In jail for murd-rand rent ther?- for security tIII i this ooit t 1 never told Push nor any one titer hmv | UuriDlcutt was killed. Hunnlcutt always paid fur his work and cotton befur* U wm door, lie only owed -'v..'; * 1 I me 2"> cent*,ns tnV lmnk? will *hnw I piss?rt noir the tvn.'iin hi i In- cut. Who" i In-inl the lick hi ruck i I liciinl tin H imiit except, "mku Unit, ilnmn \ou." We have no remarks ns to his Honor's ruling fin the admisSnhlllty of evidence. But would remark that \v<) would have been more ploasi-d, If he hud not appointed so early a day for the execution. Th mills of the gods, ordinarily grind slow, hnt they urintl exceedIn.'lino. The c\rly day appointed for the: execution, we trust, wns not In response to popular clamor for th? negro's hlood. While! evidence points to t'opel ind's guilt, yt we declare that in ourown mind there is a dnti'it. But justice demi'iids the execution of uometio ly, anil we prc-umo il. Is ju-l as well to hang Copland, as anybidy else. . The public of Oconee owe the Courier n debt of gntltude for the enterprise of that p ip.-r, whereby they ure furnlshel si many of tlie fuels concerning thi> trial. We do not ic -ollect | to have seen anywhere a fuller or better an- j count- of n court trial, ami would th ink our j friends at Wftihalln, for the irootf example j which they have set In the matter of Coin t j reports. Wo only comment on what seemed to he t he one sltlcd view which the reporter seemed to take of the case. The Tnio Economy. We seldom meet with better or more timely ail vino, than 1< eiven by the editor of the Curotiii'i Spartan. of Spartanburg, S. C., who thus ad I testes hiinsolf to the farmers who rend his excellent paper: Our people should l>e taught Jo make anil save In little thlni'S. Thou*nndsof d'dlarsare lost every year, iterance ihe spare moments of j ime are wasted and the odds mid en l? niruit ;a house; or farm are not utilized or turned ln! to i-ioaey ThNilocs not arise from cirolessn>'ss or laziness, tint liecau-'e onr nc>ple are i constructed on too uraml a scale financially, j In the"i?ooil o'd days h?-fo:e the war,''we : were emphatically a half d??!i-ir people. If a | servant had to he rewarded for hold In'; a ihorse.it was considered nvan to hunt up a | live cent piece. It wa< lordly to throw Itlm a j half dollar. That half-dollar style preval'od in all ela-ses ol s< clet.v. and they have not joutrrown It to this day. The result wis a tal?e idea rf ceoncny. So a good co'ton crop : could lie made, the animals except, the riding ! horses could stand neglect, and the tool* I might rot and rnsi in tin* tleidsafter Ihe crop 1 was made. The manure from the hosr pen, ; c >w pen and lane was nll>iwed to wash away. It was too small a matter to spare a few moment* every morniii!; uatlierinit thl? up and taking cure of It That style of w ist'-rulixss prcvaiN ?otnewhnt at the present day. Now we would not advise the p"ople to become stingy and me in in their economy. This Is |u<t is Inlcful as wastefulness. The man who never does a i?enerous aetlon. and who I* ?o close that he denies his family all the comj toi"ts o' life, and d'ies not even supnlv ih" tahie wl'h em>u *li oi irood and pa'a'ab'e food, .saves money at the expense of health and j mental tieve'op'iicnf. i >11r farmers should i economize by ui I'izin*: all their time. There should be a workshop on everv farm. The ! rainy days coal I then lie utilized lor menditic jlools, ol ing harness, and patch!in: up things I irencraliy. This would be a lto-ii savin Then many of our farmers. In feeding cattle. al dollar''. Onoil boxes and nicks under slic1! tors, would make <ro much further and I the cattle would llirive hctter. Thou rnnn,v of our farmers t>iink ll too small a matter to sell j some little thing ot which they lisivc more j than is necessary. To brim: n few Csrsrs. chicle* ' ens, a piece of mutton or pork to market, Is ; too piddling a t>n>dnc>s for a man. Thin l? a creat error. Those people " h-> bring sonie| thing to s"|i every time they come 10 town on business always have money. They R-'dom L'olndetit They may not own larye farms, j but they tire not under ihcdlmlulou of crcdlI tors. It |ssavimr ai'd economizing In small j matters that will enable us to be princely and i gi-nerous In larje ouch. Hill Sidft Pitcliinsr. \Sou/hrvn Cultivator and Itirie Farmer.} Your F> b uary number has recently mndc 1 8 appearance. Under the hcadlnir'-H Ill-side Ditching A-.aiti." It Is cl .itneil that they are ! of no beuetlt, itut rather incrc*.ie the wshlng ] of the land. We know the. deMrc of all is to ! ft the t lie facts, ttiid possibly men do not ' ditl'or as much as they at times seem to dlflcr, Ihe-eeming difference and apparent contradiction* In their views, may arise from the 'dlfIcrcnt t-ind points occupied, and by too hasiv concln-lo'is. j Some may hgilcve that, the hill side ditching I and level row system carried out to perfection j will fully protect the most broken anil hilly , lands ilint ever have been or ever will t>o brought Into < u tlvatton in our state, or In |'"y other Slate. And that no oilier plan has ' been published that will, under eicin cnlmre, I aci*omp;ish I lie name object, not excepting I he j level terracing. We know that there are I many hillsides now worn out and the soil I washed away. that, had been ditcii'd and the | rows leveled, both more or less perfectly, and I that the washing had been checked Justin proI portion to the perlcciioti used. Although dry I tfiiifK rnnv hn In tills ftillv nrnlcnti'il. vi?t iii some Instances it might co?t f">orn SI toSI'io, or more per acre t" fully protect it, while the | land Itself would, perhaps, not he w<?rih over j SIO per iu-n*; it is very eisy to see why such ' lands are not fully protected, should the sys. lein he understock ever s > well. t)f course j sonic lanils lie so well it is impossible they ' should wash and other hinds approach so near I to helms level that they are very easily pro| lecti-d either with or without ditehinsr. and ; from till* standpoint some may conclu-la that all can In like manner, it matters not how I lon^ or how steep the hllWside. ! Now, there is where the niNtakf lies; for . there are hundreds of places now In cnltivai Hon where a space of from t<*n lo twenty rows I of corn or cotton run 0:1 n p Tf-et level will not shed oil" its own water without washing the -oil. j Tli'-n, on the same lands, increase tliedit. lance lo hundreds of rows ran on a perfect j le? el. and th? hulk of the soil will be cone hej fore the tree roots of fresh land arc out of the I ground. What th<-n? j Well, if the land is to he protected without i regard to cost, we will tro with our friends to th - hlnhe-'t portion of the field, and begin ay j laylnir oil'Just as many rows on a perfect level S as the wa'cr can pass over during the lon?e??t i ami he n lest rains, without washing (siuailil | It he a mile, as >ome think, no much the less trouhlei hul should it he iiut live rows; iherc we will form a harrier, a ditch, a hank, any ! thimrth it will slop all the soil a? well as all I the water from going any further In that diI reel Ion; it must not break over at any tune j nor in any place?as our anti-ditch friends al! wins have todo; for when they go to lluht ! the system o1' 111 1-sicie dllehiog?iliey alwavs first no and breik down the hanks of the ; dilches In some pl-ice or places lo prove that they wash the land. Well, instead of Ilia* we I will have, and keen the banks plenty high imd siilllclemly fs|runs <n as never to nreaic? ' nnd should It eventually terrace It-elf well ! and snod. hut HiN harrier must have Just so i rntie'i tail: one In filly, commonlyi one In a hundred. <>r one in u thousand, or whatever Is best?'nil one thins sinmld lie crta n!.v attended in. ft should not he allowed to carry off any of the soil, except what, the wafer has , tiken nn In becoming muddy. \Ve will keep precisely upon this b-i.sis until it can he delivered vt some 8'iiJahle p'awe out of the field most convenient, whether near by, or whether some distance away. Then we he<_'in again at n proper ?Ms\an<-e i I '.low the flr-t barrier, and proeeeil on the same principles as of Mm tirst: rnl-dns on ) barrier alter .mother, till it roaches down to the foot of the hill;alwav? Martin: n new barrier In time to prevent the soil from washj Ins. I Now, Hhnuld this stem of ditching eventually terrace the whole He'd, is It not I he nu! ly form of terracing that- will stand, or answer the purpose on hands 'esccndlns for a considerable dis'ance. crtped-tlly If p'ettv 'steep? suppose, for Instance, we taken hill I side that Is 101 rods or more troin h-atom to top. and at the same time descending'-api 1 ly: say that you have level tei races one rmi wide each, ail the way. Then, wl.cn the Ions and heavy rains set in ami the vroiiud has oecome , full ot waier. tlu* exer.Ms would have to pass | off and of course In this case it would ben-arlv nil excess, for the land c-?ubl ho'd tail little more. Now, you sen the terrace ha f way low n the hill, that rod. would have fifty time's I'sown wat-r pa?slnsr over it?and 111.; one at the huitoiu would have one huudreil times or more, as the eave ml'lit be, its own water pa^sin!; over It all at the same time?and that, too durin 'our hea\ le?t rains Yet our friends are opposed lo having lunch water In nny one place?and this ton I" one hundred fold of i water without liol own eimlng down tlie hill | ? but should there i>e h-illows?then tIn* terraces would have more or less, lo f ice the hollows : and all tlio theorizing in the world would not keep the waterout of then hollows. Ami should out* friends lui?pr>n tob-tn"re I and sec a heavy rain multiplied to one Mini? i dred fold. with the floods ennlnti down the hollows, they would think there wii-ucntedd! era'ile ( oliecllon of wa'er In one place i Would the terraces he abl lo stand all'his ! pressure and so large u volume of rubbing . over lt? hanks? E. F. ! February 7th, 1S83. Fanning: on Credit. 1 Col. I-aan W. Avery. In Ills ' niebmond" lelte's from Ailanta to tin* A itr/ui/ii ('!nnmclr. thus fordidv discusses the borrowing of : money to run a farm with. Thesuhiect None j of overshadowing impoituncc. and that paper deserves credit for Inaiiuur Ming the airitailon. The system of vettlnu advance* from merchants of provisions and fertilizers at time pi lees has kept the farmer a slave lo bis j factor. especially when the farmer basnet leclcd to raise provisions and uive bis farm to cotton. Necessity admits of no argument. | Men to get a start bad to borrow. Exclusive | cotton rai?ing keeps farmers starving all the lime, and d'.es not relieve their necessity, but rather increases It. As a simple business truth no man. fanner or mere unit can nay j lil.b inlerest as Ills fundamental expense at d make business pay. He will be swamped | sooner or later. j The farmer must economize, and raise Ids provisions, t'ntli he can do these t wo essential things bis farmlnu will not. pay.?A firm here from the West, Ne'son A Parker, h:?ve loaned a mil.ion dollars to our tanners 011 five \ I'il is Llllir, Ml *11111.'* 1 1(1111 Ulll'l' 11 111 u 1 ("VI 1IV>I latp lo one thousand, nn-l taken mortalities. The tanner pays them down a year's Interest of K per cent., and tin* agent's commission of I 2 per rent, fir tIn* whole live yenrs In advance, and all costs, etc. Till* Is n lienor rale limn the ;I0 or -JU |?or cent... Intcrot for provisions to fiiciors. J11 - money that he borrows will buy j supplies ami inaniii e at rush prices. making an ininietne savins.'. lint li-re 1* ilie rub. He borrows larger amounts. piys out the first y?'ar lully i'n per cenl Interest In cash, cannot pay his ilehl in Installments, tmt only at the end of live years, will find his yearly interest about all lie can pay, will not therefore save up annually a portion for t'-e final payment, ami wln n the pay rolls ronnil lie will have to borrow ag lin. or tie sold out. The Northwestern Life Insurance Company, eight or ten ye ns ag >, loaned ab ?u t In lieoivla on mortgage* at ten per cent, interest. This Is less Interest than Is pabl Nelson a Marker. The majority of these loans were collected by foreclosures and safe of the property. It Is rather the exception that mint* Kane* are redeemed. .Induing then by past experience the borrowers ot the million of money above mentioned have a bad outlook hefnio litem. These arc only my own views and blmis no else. 1 ?o'?t 1-a remorseless tjrant. and I doubt the benefit of Capital that encumbers our private farms. In myJudgment 'In*only exit of the farmer from bis troubles Is economy, sclf-iienlal mid raisin* his own t supplies. Make irore homemade manure, proituce provisions ami 11 v had ami dress cheap, until tile fit nil brings money to do bet-j ter. J his better than debt. Our Iliiilroad. f Pickens Srntinel.) Capt Kirk and ml. Campbell were in town I la>t week. They are riding ov r the road securing the rights of way, toeuting depots. Ac. J At. this place the necessary ground lor tin? | building of a depot., making siile tracts. &e.. j was i-ixen by Mr. J. C. Urlflln on l'utn|iklntown street This secures the depot within the corporate limits of our town. We regret toleirn that the gentlemen experienced more troll tile In securing the i its h I of way Inl'bkpiis county titan they did in all tbeolherj i-oiiiilies In" the State ' hrouuli which mc ni;in runs. In Mime wises pxri-ml vc prices wore de- < inanded, mill of course litis necessitates tlie j semllini of a Jury on the lauds in ass^s damlives. No county In tlie Slate will lie more J beiielHtt il liy tlie luillillut; of tlie ronil ilmn j Pickens, anil why some of our people should i refuse lo uriint the rl>rht of way, or to sell at n j rensonahle price, seems almost Incomprelien- j slhle lo us. (.'apt. Kirk and I'ol. Campbell arej both sanguine of the sufcess of the road.. Money enough, we are Informed, lifts already 11 been secured to build the road In this Slale I nnd tho work of construction will commence I In r short time. I & fiave railroads any rights? T e Venllct of nn Edgefield Jury for $500 in a Suit for $10,000 Dam* ajces. (Edfjeflvld Chronicle.) A suit for dntii>'KP8 gainst th*?Ctini? lolte, i.oliintbla unci Angu-ta ilal mud I 'otnpuny, t it which Mm. Vary I'm no was the plaintiff, wus tried in tlio Circuit Court nt kdgeilrld lust week. Mrs. Crime wu? tepresenti-d l?y Mrs.?rs Butler & Minikin!) and A. 8. i'ompkins. and ilu; railroad wus represented liy Messrs. Slicpp iril iiios, and Mr. O; liner. I'lio principal arguments In tin* <msc were mule i?y Sena or M.C. lltiller and Lli-uietlniu* tiovernorisheppard. on tlie l-'ttli Of Inst I)i-! coinbfr Mrs. Crime,u;;o I v.', and in-r s<?n WIN r liam.uucd all.ait in,attempted to drive over I the railroad i-rosHlng at I'renlon lit thesanvi lime lliiita freight train was passing the mine place on lite truck. There was a collision, an I in the c illislon Mrs. Crane's horse was ki led and her buvgy knocked over and hcrsell'and W'iiliaai thrown out. The damages wore assessed. the horse at.itw. and the hu^iry at.SM, which amounts, together with an additional sum oi . ?.)>, were paid by the secretary of the railroad company, whereupon Mrs. [ Clime sinned a receipt in full for ail her damages. In a Idliion to tlil.s Hie rallronl employed Dr. Wise,a hiuhly competent physician, to I aitend Mrs. Cr.uie as long as lie thought slu I nee lf<l medical attention.and to >cnd (lie i>ill' to the r.iilro.id company, which vi?h done. Mrs. < :rane ill'!erwards concluded that the milmad had not pnl'.l her enough, and hence the suit. livery step in the proceedings of the j case Was strongly contested l?y Ihe nhle eoun] sel 011 hoth sides, anil the speeches wen; i among the ablest ev>T heird In our court-! I house. Judgo IJud on ciiar.'ed ihe Jury all I great length as to the law points invoived Inj liheease. nnd In the course of Ills remarks hei mid llmt he hoped the Jury would not be in-1 liueneed hy prejudice auuinst. the railroad or sympathy lor theaged laily. The pl-ilntitl. lie i said, was a woman It was true, hut the mil- j ; road was eutll ed to the same consideration 1 that she was. 'flic Jury retired and. alter b ! ' Int; out. about two hoii:s. i'clui neil a verdict I i lor Mrs. ('rany for SV*l above the SI75 that she : had already been paid. ' Denominational Collesfp.s Versns the South Carolina Unlrorsity. [An'lrrion Intclligcncr,] j The (JrecnviHc yews says that It predlctod ) when the the University of South Carolina; ! was estab Ished that It would occasion thei ideath o1' theileuomiuatlonai colleges It. this' ! St ito. and points to the piceai lous condition! !of Adger oileje as a wrllleation of its pre-j 1 diction. The unfortunate condition of Adger 1 Oil I cue d ics not arise from i lie co-op Ml I Ion of oilier co.leges, but trom Intern-it dissensions,; which are fast %crllyliu the tiuth of Ihe ; scriptural aihiv'e that a huu-c div Me.l ayaln-t I : itself cannot Mand. Previous to these dlrllciiltles the Co.lee., flourished, and we trust i tli it ere long the breach may be hea'ed. and; thlw yon I) m college restoro I to Itsjust lulluence i ! and u>efuiriess among the educational lnslltn-1 lions of the state. Thcie is. In our opinion, no antagonism between the Uni versisy and the d"iiouiina lonal insiltutlons of the St ite, j but if tliero Is |o beany Injury Inllicted by the South Caiollna University upon tlieui,lit must come from the University becoming superior to these Inslltuiions. \\ e like the denominational Institutions. They are worthy of patronage and of success. Wc want to see mil of them prosper, but II the state can establish a higher Uulvt-isily which will do more for the education of the younsr men In ! South Carolina than ili'-Hc Institution* cim <ln, we arc not willing to forego this advance-' ! mcit of education down here forthesake of, i helping our (It'iiotiiItinLl'>it>iI colleges. If they j jilom>t progress wllli theeivlllzitlon and educ itlonnl mlvaneemrnt of tills day, we submit, j that It would no short sighted In the Stale 'o l withhold this pro tcss from her sons. In oider , to let the old col eges live. We he ieve the South enroll mi University will stir up the I denominational colletse* to creator energy ! huU usefulness It will compel them to raise ; their standards and give to their stU'lent* a j ho'ter education Instead of Injurlnc them we ho'leve Its es'ahllshment will eventuate In their permanent. endowment, and taise j them to the real dignity and Influence oi advunce 1 col lege* of this day. If so. it will he of Inestimable benefit tn the whole Slate If It gives no other advantages to our people. A. Specimen Crime Against Liberty, in the Name of Justice. IXcwt and Oiliricr.) The npshot. of the Clarendon pollMcal eas'-s, 1 th" hearing of which was concluded in thin | city ?m Saiurday, di-s-rves the attention of | fie Northern pi ess. and especially ot those papers which nlleotcd lo he so sadly scandalized at t lie J list indixniiiioii which thecircnmstanccs of the>e particular arrests excited throughout South Carolina. Without a moment's warning, ten Inw-ahldlnu and reputable Aineilcan elil/.ens weio drained front their homes In Clarendon county, dcniel lime even tnchanite their clotlilngo'r to make the ordinary prep nations for a Journey, and i taken to a railroad station many ml es ills unit, wm*re, wiinoui oven i)cin<r iniorme<i oi tlic eharnos iiuultist thoin.lhcy wee thrust into an miliums wholly destitute of aeeoimno(J.itiuns for '.lii'lr eomfo't, himI alter days ol delay were brought to Charleston lorn prelimllinry hetrlnir. l'lio he trills In nveruml l):in ended in Hie release ol' Hip priorities. not a nartiole of cviileiii-o of any kind bavin'.' horn produced connecting Ihi'in wltn tiny violaj lion ol law. Aside from tlieoutniso upon the jljtiortyof Iho eitl/.on. the only resuitot the | who e shameful prricO'*diiur lias hcen to put n ;f-w dollars of Government money Into the i pockets of the miser;il-l tiuiii whom Mr. Ati torney-Generai ilrewsl-r lias olio-en as Ids jt'Hils in hut)tins down lh' victims of these ahMiul and eau-clcss pioM-cutions. I The i 1 irendon eases arc a lair snmplc of the I whole scries of malh-lous and unwarra table [arresls of Pcmi'cratic citizens now b"ii>g | mad'* in many counties of South Carolina upj on the pretext of maintaluinn: the sanetity of j the ballot box. Kr-nn Columbia I'litnm very I much tlic same story as to tlie Falr.'lclii cases; end so it lum boon from tlie beginning end so, ' wc prediet It Will tie to 'lie end of this Infamous partisan persecution. Unless Counsellor Crowley. who i-. said to lie a lawyer of ability and repute, c.ires more tor the plundered fees of Hrewstcr (ban for his own prolei?lonal reputation, lie will be likely, as -oon as he obtains a f.ilr survey, next monih, of tin; lle.d of duty to which in- has been assigned, to Lhrow up the whole dirty Job In disgust. The Brat Fisli. Tlie German carp is making rapid progress ins .< irreit f.>od product. Tlic Intluslri iltil, j published at tlic Kansas Agricultural t'o!le.te, ; says in relation In tlio drawing olF-the water ! fiom their pond: The carp have developed ! Into magnificent specimens, averaging gome ' Hi iix-lic- 1>i length. 11 it<l weighing l.y actual ] tc*t mi the Hi'aies from 2'? to M pound* each. As showing how rapidly these fellows gain we j remark that these fishes, with the most ordlj rary care, ami, for the most part, no carc* at all, have doubled in weight since la<t April. Our carp raising so lar lias been a great sueec-9, exi-ei't litis: our fishes do not increase in numbers as we had lmp;>d. So tar we have lound only a sing e young cirp In all of our examinations of t!ie ponds. Perhaps our fish, whleh are only l!* years old. are tooyoun.' | to liriM d, or it may be the erawllsh. which a e ! unite numerous, consume the egngs and I young. The Kern c wnty ((></.) Gaz-Uc says : There a,-e two carp ponds of smalt dimensions near Hakersfleld. in each of which the plant was ma in last spring. The fl<h are doing well, and 1 there a c to be seen great numbers of young | nsh. It cannot t>c long before this market j will tie well supplied with this excel.cut tl.-h. j It would he we I lor every furmer who lias j half an acre of ground tilted for a pond, with a certain supply of water, to raise ttnsetl-h jl'or the household alone, as I hey raise their j fow s, The Foa'hiH Tidinyn tells of Hev J W. Urier, who Is breeding eur,? "Oine thivo tnlb s from firass Valley He lit ds that l'>0.) carp will live and grow finely upon what one hog will?in both ca-es from birth to two years old. At lhl> age the carp will weigh the average lot, while the average poker will weigh iM) pound*. At present prices lor the two arllclt-sol food the fish woUlJ bring $10/0 and the hog Animal Doctors. j Tlic Gazette (108 HopUati.x ( uhilahps snmo I fiiciH alioiit animals of a mi?t extraordinary UI ml. The writer l>r. Delauticy, I* i>ne<if the I most, remaikuble authors on physiology in i i'aris. i "lJo'.'s." lie says, "'jrel rid of ihoir parasites hy means of dusi, mud or ?vet eiay, Mm sw.il'low will thmw one littie one out of the iK.'st (if (he llcilcln.' be covered wl:h vermin} In | order to save the rest from contamination. I "When animals have lever I hey invariably i diet ihemselws, take plenty of rtst, keep in i the shade and cool places, diink water uiiii ' even plunge into it several times a day, when i tiiey can. I * If a ilog loses bis appetite, lie eats dande' lions, whiuii serve him as an emetle. (,'atseat | trrass jnrihe same reason. .Sheep ami co?is I ill" ays lo-iji for certain herbs when tlie.v feel Isiek." Ihtgsur 1 orses swallow any faity snb stain es they can Ret Ik M of, whenever they need j?nrun!Ive medicine. If any animal be aiflidcil with chionli* rehuntallsni, It keeps the alllietcd 11inU turned lo the sun as much as no-si' le. "In the ireatmentof wounds Ihe knowledge of animals Is equally womlerlui. | "? .Idler-Mills have re {ii'aram'iulant'e corps, I , woll organized. When Lutrcil e cut oil' t e , antennae of a rod ant, oth> r mils c une to its | i nss slt-n'-e, mill covered the wounds with ! triin>pur<-nt. liquid secreted In their mouths. I "A ohimpuii7.ee when wounded. first chocks I the How of lilooil hy pre winy the wound wlih j liU hit mi, and then drcs?es it with leaves or roots of gms?. It the limb of a woti'uleil unl'niiil he hanulni! hy .shred, i'he creature comIp.otes thenmputaMon with it* teeth i "A do* stiuck by a viper kept plunging liis I Wounded lio-e for many days into a running stn-Hin. Fleyol well. A him ling ilcg that huil liecn crushed hj a enrrl-it'o drugged lilinsell' into the heil of a shallow stream anil lay !il ?wi> in ibe water during tim e whole weeks j ? although It was winter, j hey carried hlin I his food there. He gol completely well. I "A terrier dog that had a legion in tils right eye hid aWi-y from tlie 11 v> 111 mid tor two ila.vs k? pt liek'n^ I lie solo of tils fmnt lee paw, iin t press!n? his e.\e against tin* enoi i i wet. surface. No oculist. could htve treated j j the eye in tier, and many would not have j done so well." The Dust Ratli. I Those knowing the value of the dust bath lor fowls, summer and winter, oon.-ider it eS* ; 'senlial to successful poultry keeping. And: how lew ol our poultry kc pers who give their fowls a chance to revel in a heap of loose, earlh, sund or ashes during their confinement in win lor. i Thedu-t hath is to poultry na" lire's cleanser 1 and renovator and i->nossiry tor oleinltig the! i leathers ot fowls from vermin and elleir mat-; , ter as a eool pure Water hath is to tlie person j iofeleanly hahils. Poultry with free range In summer will tie I utile io help themselves to a ilu-t i>ath if tiiey i > have tu roll in Hie newly mailc tl-?wer or vc.etaide beds. With fowls In confinement the means and material mu?l he supplied. A dry mass ot tine.sand or road du*t. line loam or Colli WlH'* Will II". 1 111* lllil*-- "I lir.v iiiilli iuii should lie under a sli d lo protect il f.om Mill hi summer timr, mid in (lie sunniest corner of till' llcll hollSl' iii u illll-r. If we wiiit'll tiieluihits "I iill wild smiie birds we can sec them in the open clearings mnl oil the country loads, ntcary sunrise, dusting Ihcuisi'lvfs n? rapidly as j> i*ii>Ie : and ii wo si vc our <.(oniestc to? N 11 chance. we can sec uii in.">tliiciivi*t|f?tic in tin* young us ucil as Ihe old lo sca'ch, and pulverize ihe eii' lli if in lump*, and will thi ll aolusl Iln-it* leathers, and liy In* rap d action of Ilielr el iws lire enaided lo dust llioiouuhl.t, and l>y shaking rid themselves ol lice 'I hi' dust until N made ; more ell'eelivi-liy pulllna a hamliui or two ol suiplmrand cariioilr powdi'i' through the < iniissnnd mixing them together.?Ainerican I'ouUry Journal. Take Warning, Sportsman. |( From the l-jih of March to the 1st of rtclo- i her. tin' statutes of liils Siale prohi'-it the killing of any birds except those which a e mi- i gratory. The lauuiia^e of the Sutrute is that ; no one shall "catch, kill. Injure or pur.-u I with .such inti'iit or expose for sale any wild ] lurUey, pariridgf, dove or pheasant" during \ tin' lime mcntloucil. A penalt* of ten dollars < or ten days Injaii fixed. In case the due Is imposed half of It goes to the Informer, i President Arthur recently received a ilozr>n ! bottle- of whiskey, with a notefiom theageut | of it, reijuesting him to taste of it and kindly j send Ills opinion of Its quality, to bo Used as an endorsement. The agent reeeivi d Ihe dozen hotties t wo days later t>y express, and a letter hy tnail from Mr. I'll iill ch. the President's secretary, stating In somewhat satirical Ian- * iiuaue that the President was indifferent as to I the merits of whiskey, and decllucd to sum- t ploit. I Bermnda Grnxs. Southern Cultivator and Dixie Fanner; Much 1mh been said ami written about"Iterniudn RriiKx." .The writer deems It Important tlmt every farmer should become net]iiiilntcti Willi the characteristics ??f thin niosl valuable KiHfS. A great many farmers are troubled with "Wire grans," nntl mil It Bermuda* because they donOt know tin* dlfrbrcnce. These two grilse* nre very si mi ar In appearencc. tint vi?ryditloiont ill quality ami wurili. "BcrniudAtfruss" has a tine,-mull stem, with (short Joint*; when growing It Is of a dark, rich green color. At the top It has from three lo four prongs, very fund; like nab grass but ban no sc d. It colhPR altogether from the root", which are similar t'i the plant. The trass Is inclined lo run on the ground, and every Joint that touches the'. round will take root and send tip nice tender blade*. To till" j cnaracierisiic can oeau i ikuicii me iioiiit.v d "Bermuda grass" to flourish and stand more grazing Mmnuny other grass known. It draws Its support from the ground at every Joint that touches the ground, while other giases only draw from a single rriol. Wire1' gra?s is a coarser grass than "Bermuda.'" and Is Inclined to grow upward in hunches At the top It has two seed prongs or |hids very much liken grass that i/rnw.i on t)i>ttom lan I In tills country. Wire ura**, when ompared with Bermuda, Is worthless, for It is, ii4 |ih name Indicates? tough. When rich land once becomes matte I with wire jjruss roots, it i* Impossible for a horse ti/ draw n plough throunh itwlthonta cutting colter Is run In front of the plow. Let every farmer who nttemps to yet a start of Bermuda crass In; sure I hat he does not get Wire grass fur as previously stat"d. h'lll the people, even In tills country, do not know the difference between Bermuda and Wire grass. Last spring I received a lartc number of letters from the Southern and Western States In response to an article wrluen by myself, and piil>ll>h"d In the Home and Farm, makl ng Inquiries about Bermuda grass. To n number of these I sent some genuine Bermuda grass root*, sending some by freight, some by express, and some by mall. That enterprising farmers In various sections of ihei onntry may uct a start of this most valmib e grass. upon application, I will send them some of the genuine Bermuda grass ro.'ts. There are tt great many.old worn out fields throughout theJ-*outhern States that could lie reclaimed by planting In Bermuda grass, Wlieio large fleidsof tills class are lo be planted the best mode would lie to plow It. say running the furrows from eight to twelve Inches apart and drop the root Joints about the came distance in the furrow and cover with one or two furrows. When the grass comes up It. will run over the eround, each Joint taking root. By the second year the entire field will In-thickly set and will not wash, but iu conr-eof time the Bermuda grass will slop all the washo and make '.lie ground ricti again. A great, many people nsk the question, "where did I'ermud i grass come from?" About, thlrly-tive yearsa-'o..Iud^e Parks,late of Greensboro, On., brought from I lie Isle of Iti-rmudaa few of the roots and planted them In hisgnrdcii. The c ni-e-iuence Is that Berinnd i grass is beeomln to be to the South what Blne-grasii Is to Kentucky. Xcwiian, Oa. 11. H. Parks. Shooting Affray?'Tlio Man Who Did not Know that He Was Dead. [Senberry Herald.] We learn that a desperate shootingafTrnyoc curled u lew days ano, Jti?t across iheHaiuda river, In fedjelie^d county. between Mark Kerry an 1 a son of Mr. Winter Swindler, In which the former was seriously wounded. Hf ft'iv.tm-ed upoa Swlnder who was at work In tin-field and presenting his shotgun, asked, "Doyou know that you art* a dead man ?" Swindler sa d that h<* did not,and subsequent events showed thai he was correct. He sprang upon Berry, wrested the mm from Ids hands, and fired upon hltn. The loud entered the left arm near the wrist and followed It to the shoulder, tearing the tlesli In a fearful nianner. Berry turned and received the contents of the other har.cl, which proved 10 lie only I powder and wadding. In his back. The supposition is that lie loaded the tun In irreat I haste and CNeitemenl, and put lioth loads of I shot In the barrel which was first discharged. | Of course a womau was "at the bottom" of the difficulty. ?<8?? Difference Between "Style" and "Respeetrtbllity." [Xcwbvrrjj Observer.] Ono of the evils of the day is that so many people an- lanoiinx under the impression that f.ilse "style" and 'respectability" mean the same ihlmr, and. In carrying out their Ideas, are llvln/beyond their means. Many people i have yet Co learn that respectability and reI tinemeiitatid happiness are consistent Willi j sniaM means and strict economy: that wines and clg.irs. kid gloves and broadcloth are not i necessaries of life, hut only luxuries to been! lut i>il hv thns>* who are aide lo atiord them. I "Poor full:* must have poor ways.' Is u cold i fact- Poor ways mo not m-cca'arliy mean ways. It is very Inconvenient to l-e poor. It Is [true; but ihere oujjnt to b" consolation In rej memheiiug that it is no disgrace In the eyes of seiuli'le people. wise thing for a poor | man to d<> is to recognize thefict that lie Is ; poor, and live accordingly. Jiy that means lie i may be enuu.cJ to uecotne rich. F you want n nice hand sewed. low quarter Oil Shoe, call on I CUNNINGHAM & TEMPLETON. March 11, 1.VB, if !New Home Sewing Machine. I %NR LEFf? price$35. If Is 17 per cent" / lower than same kind or class can be : bought In town, at J. D. CHALMERS & CO. March H. 188-1, tf $3 For the Twin Spring IMPROVED, and an excellent article. Only one light mattress necessary to make a comfortable noiseless bed. For sale at J. D. CHALMERS <fc CO. March 11, 1S83, If Looking Glass. 1JEST quality of good". Look I nsr Glass Plate to till liamcH.itll sizes. Toilet Mirror ami Brrckets. What Not lor corner and sides, at J. L>. CHALMERS &. CO. March 14, 1888, tf Old Hickory" Wagons '1'IIE beet In the world. Every farmersliould J have one of (hem. For sale l>> Mm cii L'l, lSil. JOIIX KNOX A CO. Sheriff's Sale. A. T. Wlclciiiu.il against H. C. McOaw?Exec 11 tlon. I DY virtue of an Execution to rue directed. In tin; above stated c si',1 wtil Hi ll 10 tin i highest binder, at public uiiriion, ultliin tht legal hours m Hiili*, at Abbeville I'ourt House, j on Monday, the second day of April A. I). I i li? lot lowing described (iropcitj, to wit; All II hut tract or parcel of land. >itiitile, I\ In.' and ijctnis on tli>' waters of Calhoun I'r.'ek In the County of Abbeville,South i urolina. and containing, TWO HUNDRED AND FIVE ACRES, More or less, and bounded hy lands of Win, Wil?oii, estate of John Link and J. II. I?:<Iiliter, ami others, Levied mi and to be* .Id i<> | i he property nfS. C. MiGaiv, to satisfy the | aforesaid execution and costs. TERMS?Cusli. J. F. r. DcPRE, Sncrlir Abbeville County, j Sheriff's Office, March 3, IfcW. jBridge to Let. IfllE rebuilding of tlio bridge ncro?sLHtle 1 Itlvor ut i"ade's r,?n< cr Mill, u III be let to lln' lowc-i responsible bidder at I be brltljte <m I Wednesday, March ;Mli, iss-'j. ai || u'cioclt A. | M. specifications will be lurnishcd on Uuy ol i let Hug. Also,ut ii Inter honrof wtmo day, the con| tiact to till tlie cave in the road at Siimnel t'lMiH'H house, will oe let to lowest .e^ronslble bidder. I The ontriiclor In rach Instance will be required In complete ItIh bond oil the spot, or | luso hl^> bid. J. R. BULLOCK, County Commissioner. March 11, IS82,21 W MiH, GONGAREE Coumbia, S. C Agent for CHAPMAN'S PERPETUAL EVAPORATOR. 'THESE WORKS WERE ESTABLISHED 1 in IM7 by Messrs. tieo. Sinclair ami James Anderson Hint pun-hascd l>y me In the year ls.'n>, ami fi'oni ilml time i i 11 now carried on successfully Ijy uiyscll. My friends and customers will liear witness <il ilie larjit* anil stupendous Jobs executed by me. It was at my works where ilie largest and almost only Jot? of Its class ever ex ecu ted in this city wasdotie. viz.: tin making of the pipes for Hie t'liyi Water Works in ilie year ls?s. in the branch of HELL KOl'XliINCt. I can say that I have * * I.. III.. utnU I made IIH* mrsrM "I'li* ?rvi-i >" > -" ?*, i such u? ilie lu ll lor tin- City Hall In ( ??!unil?iii. | >ly slock of pallet n? lor AKt IIITECTUH.\l, U oKK, COLUMNS for Store fronts, Is liir/eninl various, iiml in KAII<IN<iS lor list 1conies, Gardens and <'eineteries I have the! iarte-l variety ami inosl modern patterns; many of ilie.se are patented and I have pur- . enil>ed the lltilit f ir tills State. 1 In the machine line I can turnlsh my patrons wlili sl'KA.M KNGINand liOlf.KHS of utij sizeimd description. My CIRCULAR SAW MILLS have carried ofl' the prize a I cv-j cry State Fair he d In this ci 1 y, and In their coiotiuetion 1 have taken pains to combine; simplicity with tnc most useful modern lin-i provciiK uis, and may Hatter myself that my I CIKCILAR SAW Mil I?s Hud favor with every sawyer who understands his business. The many oiders I am steadily receiving for I SUGAR I'ANK MIIXS prove that thepuhllci iipprcciate the mills of my make.and soil Is with my OKA KING for HoHsK POWERS, UlN WHEELS, GRIST MILLS and other MACHINERY. I have the manufacturim: rlclit. of many PATENTS, such n? eastings for HOI K CUT-' TON AND HAY PI!I'>S and three or tour! Jifl'erent, FEEL) CUTTERS and other I tuple-1 men is. I will ho pleased to send tny circulars to any ipplicant, toirethe- with price ll>t or estimate. My prices arc moderate, and I assute the pttlile that they are l*>wer even than those fit"' N'ni litem munui'at hirers, ami that \ work will compare lavorah y with that ol any oth. r maker. Address John Alexander, Conoahktc Ikon Works, Columbia, S. C. For Early Spring. JUST RECEIVED?a very handsome line of Ladies Neck Wear,CoUerette. Husslnus, ,nces, Embroideries, Everlnstlntr Trimmings, , te. H. M. HADDON & CO. J*eb. 2*. 1*88, tf ""I " 1 a J?????? The Place to Get What You Want! CHRISTIAN&WILSON ALWAYS in storo, a cornplcto stock of FANCY GROCKRIES, CANNED GOODS and CONFECTIONERIES of ?ll USmiIm. Tlifl lifst and uhpiinnxt CI- i GA RS and TOBACCO. The FINEST WINES and LIQUORS. Sweet Mash Corn Whiskey For medical purposes a specialty. Also,' Choice Liquors of any kind for medical purposes. Givo us a call. Satisfaction guaranteed. CHRISTIAN & WILSON, Abbeville, S. C,| Nov. 16.1881. tf J. Knox & Co. -AGENTS I-ORMR. TOM YOUNG'S PURE CORN WHISKEY I THE best and purest CORN WHISKEY broujrlit lo this market. Juno 22,1881, tf ~(v Ericllajer and Plasterer, OFFERS his services to the people of Abbeville. Hi* prices Hre reasonable, and 1 Ills work Is guaranteed to be good. (Jive him a trial. j Oct i, 18-2,0m H. D. REESE, ABBEVILLE, S. C., Repairs watches, clocks, and Jewelry In the hest manner at tho lowest prices. Long experience and close application to bnslne>s meritconsideration from those having work to be done In IiIh line. He keeps Jewelry and Silverware for sale. Feb. II, I3S3, 12m BARBER SHOP. e i jICHARD GANTT. Is now prepared to do IV all work in his department In the l>cst manner and at rca-ona'de chargc*. Monthly customers shaving, hair cutting nnd sham1 pfoltii 61 per month. Ra*ois honed and put hi tbeliesi condlilon for 25 cents each. Slwp uiuler the J'reu and Banner office. March 15,1882. tf Dr. H. D. WILSON, D ENTISTRY, Abbeville, C. H., 8. C. ^eOfflce; Upstairs over the Post Ofllce."S? L. W. PKRHIN, T. P. Cotiiran PEERIN &C0THRAN, Attorneys at Law, ABBEVILLE, S. C. Marshall P. DeBruW, Attorney at Law, ABBEVILLE C. H. S. C. h.Tscddda^ Attorney and Counselor at Law, ANDERSON, S. GOFFERS his professional services to the clt Izi'tis of Abbevlllo. Parties desiring t< cnsull with lilm, may do soul each scsslot of the fou it lor the County, or by letter at An dersnn c 11. June 15,18s1, tf ? o -S S3 % o >> A ?ii a I 0 0 11 n s a S w x HI " $ & TS t) ? V W ? ? * h 0 ? . a ? CQ &S S i 3 p 0 ? 0 I s ? r? a S ? h ifl a : "d % k S i h ?s K ^ ? Is <4 5 ? h "I ? ; _ j-g M 8 ^? . cs ^ ? 2 k 5 ? m a ^ ^ ? I > s* p g w l.ts . 3 ho * ? M ? ? 5 | ?? B 1 ; ? - g. n ? ^55 <d l S * Sad O a) O 5P ^5 > > rt <L> (^ ? W * > _s_ o bn 0 rn ? fl if Vjcy * q a rr ? M ? H SB S ? ntO o *H <? . E 50 P* Ci 5 w tJ 0 ^ p A ^ ? cd * * >1* a I I LIME! LIME! j'l'IIF undersigned lio^s leave to sny to the j I | Ufolic lli.it he keeps always on hand a ' tfoil supply <>f fri'hli and well burnt LIME at I liiK kiln in Laurens enmity. at ilie (!. \V. Su! Iivim old kiln. |:i tulles west of Laurens court House.;! miles from Free bridge on Snliula. 'l\ miles north-east of Abbeville Court limine, j wlileh I will sell cheap foreash. li'ieents per I lui-liel oi sii uer ton. I'ctsous wishing Lime | can get tiielr orders tilled at any time. I also j warrant It to lie lis good If not better. Hum j ean lie ?.ot eisewlieie. I.liue is tiie bent fertllI/.er ever useo. I iiave teams and enn deli?cr ! Lime at any desired plnee. AiUlress J. D. MAKTKiifs <x i;u., Jirewerton, S. C. Sept. 27,lSi>2,12m j II M. Hadon & Co. HAVE cut nn archway In Hie rear of their Moremill now occupy all the space forni?*i!y occupied liy .las, A. Howie, with ample room, Increased fa? llltles. we will be much heller prepared to serveour friends this spring ithan ever. It. if. 11 ADDON <k CO. | Kelt. 2S, 1883. tf NOTICE PLASTERERS SEALED hlds at rale per square yard will he received until 2d ol April next, for roughcasting the h'li-k work of (alhoiin's Mills brldue with n durable coat of plaster and ee-j ment?the wo'le to he paid for tiponamcas-' niemeol tc be made alter It I* finished. The h!ds will he opened at Abbeville < ourt IIou?o on Monday, 2d April, iss.*l. and the contract j awarded to the lowest responsible bidder, the j right helna reserved to reject any and all bids.) Ilond will bereijiilicd for fbo due completion | of the uork. l'lirtle* may leave their bids! with Hie (.'lerk of Hie Hoard at Abbeville C. I II., or scud them to the undersigned ul Due West. W. T. COWAN, l>UUUljr Ul/lUUllOOlVUGl. I March 11, ISS3, 3t FURNITURE. | | 80 BEDSTEADS to hand tills week, 24 MATTRESSES, 24 BUREAUS, 96 CHAIRS, 24 SAFES, All will be hoKl ut low prices lor CASH. J. D. CHALMERS & CO March 14,1883. tf ' IMil AV, iOOi, 1/ * JtjfJL -tftate of South Carolina^. Abbeville County. IN THE PROBATE COURT. t> ?<< In the matter of the estate-of W.N.Blake, Dtceased. W. K. Blake and It. M. Blake. Zxeeators and Petitioners. - -y. Petition for Settlement and Discharge. VlOTICE Is hereiiy given that the above1> named Executors of the estate of W. Ni . -M ' Blake, deceased, have applied for settlement "^v ami discharge. jSi It Is ordered, that Monday,the 2d day of April naxt, t?e fixed for said settlement and discharge as prayed for. J. FULLER LYW. Judge Probate Court. Feb. 7, 1883. tf Buggy Cushions. M JUST received a Job lot of Buinry and Car' rluire fashions, which will be sold very low for cash at the CINCINNATI REPOSITORY. T. BEGOS, Agent Jan. 17,1883. tf til! m\ I STONO! STONO!' STOSO! / J A CID PHOSPHATES AND GUANO. The *\ tried and trusted friend of the Farmer*. .See nigh analysis and buy of DR. F. F. GARY . :23^?j93 HA8 moved to Abhevlllefor tbe practice of medicine, nnd ofleri hla professional ^ acrvices to the public. Colm tlurinu thedHymay he leflattbe of* flee or Col. Eugene B. Gury or at lhe former rtrsUleuce of Judge JUcGowan, now occupied - l>y Dr. Gury. . ? - Jan. 81,1863,12na rT. KtTRZ. ^ Boots and Shoes, Harness and Tanyard. BEST mutcrlnl n?ed, fine workmen employ cti, custom work made promptly, and at the lowest bottom prices for cash. Illdes nU Ways bought at the hlichext market price for cash ur in exchange for leather or work. Jauuury 28. 1W0, ly. C.; WM. H. PARKER W. C. McGOWAN. * j PARKER & McGO WAN J ATTORNEYS AND SOLICITOBS, ABBEVILLE, C. II.? ?. C, W'ILL praetl-realno In the Circuit Court* ? I he L'nlted States for South Carolina* Jan 7. 1880, tf w. j. rogerst ^ Merchandise Broker, Dealer in grain, flour, meai*. hay, bran and groceries. All commuiilentionN either by wire or mull an? swiwl promptly. J. B. ROGERS will attend^ to oltlcc business whou I am absent. ^ROGERS' BEN J. 8. BARNWELL, Aftnt Jun. 17,1S82,2m ? Tinner "Wanted. ? GOOD Journeyman Tinner can get ft Job* A. by application to H. W. HWSON & CO. Abbeville, 8. C.f Dec. 27,1882. A CAR LOAD OF STMDABB I COOKING STOVES TO arrive next work. Will be sold low for eush or on time to responsible parties. A. J. SPROLES & BR0.r f Greenwood, S. C,. Feb.7, lfW, 3m ; Children Carriages. RATTAN, new and preity style*. Also, ar lot of Boys Wnpoiis?Iron anil Wood. aC J. D. CHALMERS A CO. March 14,18S3, tf V: CELF-RAIKINO Buckwheat nt 0 CUNNINGHAM A TEMPLETOIf. March 14.1883, tf Just Received. OVER 100 BASKETS? Lunch Basket*.Market Baskets. Hilctiel Banket*, Key Bas-kets, Nursery Baskets'. JR. M. HADDON 4 CO. Feb. 2S, 18S3. tf A.&F. B.Y.R. R, Subscribers to the stock of the a. a f, B. V. R. R. are noil.led that the lists have been placed lri our hand* for vollcctlon. Psirtli-s In arrears will save co*ts by prompt payment to * PARKER & McG0WAN,~~" ^ Attorneys March II. 18S5, 2t IF you want n nice Spring Suit call on I'UNNI VGUAM A TEMPLETON, March H, 1^3. tf Paragon Axle Grease. J'HE best ir> market. Which 1 will self 1 cheap to dealers I y the pucka ire. Retail price 10 cents, or three lor ?"> cents at the Alston corner. TH03. BEGGS. March H, 1883, tf CINCINNATI n nTiAArmAnTT i KtlWJUKI r ABBEVILLE, S. C. T)ERS0NS WANTING I WAGONS, BUGGIES, HARNESS, "whip*. halters, BUGGY CUSHIONS, AXLE GREASE, PLOW GEAR, RIDING BRIDLES, IIA ME STRINGS, dc., Will do well in cnll before purchnaing, n? X will not be unil"rsold. THOS. BEGGS. March 11,1?8. tf II TREES. 1 J. H. O'Neall, OF GREENWOOD, Agent, for the raosdale brothers Nnm*ry.of Jninraiowti, n. C., te ink- 1 Iiij; ord.-rs 'irom ibo citizens <>f AbhevHIo -.11 l.,...,.. ..t fHITIT Tl)fF_q If'OIITliy Mir nil Mimn \J, 4 IH.14 ? ! VIN*t?. PLANTS, 4c. He Is representing i one <>f the most reliable Narseries In thej Southern States, nml till persons In need of , I good trees should give him llieli orders. All . Tl I persons who lull 10 see him may send their <*.^4 orders to him at Greenwood. ' J. H. O'NEALL, Greenwood, S. C. March U, 18S3,3t i Administrator's Notice ALL persons Indebted to the estate of Reuhen Jones, deceased, will muke payment 'without delay, and those having demand* |aeain>t s?ld estate inusi present the same toInn* before the day of settlement, April 7th. I 1883. M. G. 7.EIGLER, C. C. P. and Administrator, March 7.1883, tf I . ^ SCHOOL CLAIMS. "1 'I'HE subscriber will he In his oHlee for the I purpose of wulsterlnir Selioo! Claims oi? the following days, namely : On Saturday*, :Mth March, Nth April, luth May, and every Salcdiiy. K. CO WAV, ^ School Commissioner. Marcn 7.18S3, u IMPORTANT TO PLANTERS"1 SOI.l'HLK PACIFIC GUANO, -ICO 11)8. middling cotton. ACID 1'H08PU ATE, 300 lbs. middling cot too. J. R. SHEFFIELD, Donaldsville, S. C. March 7.1SS3,4t * ? Stale of South Carolina, Abbeville County. A 1 IX THE PROBATE COURT. >1. G. Zelgler, C.C. P. Administrator Petition* j er.?Petition for .Settlement mid Discharge. I N< TICK Is hereby given that M. G. Zelgler, I </'. C. P. Administrator of the estate of 1 Reuben Jones, deeeused, has applied for set- . S tlement of und discharge from Mild trust, j Ordered, tlint Halurdtiy, the 7lh day of April j next, be fixed for settling the said estate und granting the discharge ss pniv ed for. I J. H'LI.KR LYON, >1 Juilge Probate Court. I March 7.1*3, tl I [ uiu tsioriu '? iiiuiKii mi?m? ..... r. | lng n.'ninst tliu prl<on *r, that ho p-oved a I good cluiractcr, and that the Stve did not assail him 1 u that particular. It Is al-o to be observed ihat the Stite utterly f.iileii to prove motive or provocitlon to commit the I inurder, and also that not one tittle of evidence Is found against prisoner, except the I construction put upon his own words, by the j jury and persons who inay have been In [search of testimony to convict the perp trator | for thf commission of so atrocious a crime, j Vet, the reporter, not under oath, thinks him j "utterly unwor hyofbel'ef'and for this reason Just I tics himself fur omitting the name of the | party whom the prisoner swore committed Ithedrcd. This too. In the face of the fact, that the prisoner's confessions?while In prison, tat a time when lie supposed he was talking to friends, and not under oath?are considered sufficiently truthful to Inng him. when his j oatli In open court, according to the Courier< j is not sufficiently credible to entitle any of his testimony, except that which Is damaging to himself, to appear in the newspaper report, j where Justice won d seem to demand a fair and impartial recital of facts, without prejudicial statement, omission,or coloring mutter of any kind by the reporter. That our readers may know something of the merits of theca<e wo reproduce the following from the Kcou'cc Courier, being only a small part of the testimony: ,T. II. It liinsewurn?Am Sheriff, of OcnnreCmintv.