Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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F" jfke Press and Banner. 15 y IIu^H "Wilson. Wednesday, Feb. 21, 1333. \Ylu*rc ! ? tiro Ui'VcIailtm to Stop? Long a.so the laws ??f this country were l)etnocrati? in the truo sense of the word.' All men wore required t> pny their debts to the extent of the valuv of their property, and taxes were levied for govern- j mentnl purposes only. Then, the Siaie; of South Carolina when her citizens wt-ie, rich, appropriated $50,000 annually for) educational purposes. One-half of l!iis j sum was fur the .support of tho South Carolina f'ollcjrc anl tiio other half was j for tiie benefit of poor children, who I ^vero unable to pay the school fees. Later, it seems tha? we are nearer Com-! munists than Democrats. Larjio exemp-1 tions of properly from levy and sale (<>r debt was pit^Vi^s in this direction. Next caine the idea that pare nt.4, should "ho relieved of tlieir natural obligation to educate their own children, and that th" industrious, Ihrittv, bread-winning portion ol' the community shouu! be re-' ' quired to educate the children of worthJens, thriftless, vicious paupers, irrespective of the character or mental capacity, of the urchin, and the State of South Car-; bliua, when her material wealth had been greatly diminished, is soundly abused | because the property and business inter- j 'csts of tho commonwealth is not taxed, more than half a million dollars annually to educate the children of parents who are able to discharge this duty with their. *>wn means. Now, the taxes for gratim^ns com-a-. tion is to lie increased, and tho national government is talking of spending a I hundred million dollars in this business while advaneed "thinkers" aro propos-: iticj to appropriate the public lands for1 this purpose. The faet is, that the political desire to' out Herod Herod must lind a limit or a stopping point somewhere. If this spirit of Communism is not cheeked, it. wdl tiot be many years until honest labor,! and the results of that paper, will l?o' more heavily taxed in America than in any country in the world. We make no unkind reference to those; who are advocating a course which they J believe to be right, but which we believe,' lo be radically wrong and in direct eon-! flict with the spirit of our Republican! constitution whereby the joining of! Church and State is forever prohibited.! The joining of Education and State is, in our opinion, a grenter evil than the join-j ing of Church and State. We believe that direct and positive good comes from the preaching of the gospel in such a way as to tnculcato morality in the person and love in the heart for the Saviour of man- ; kihd, but wo have our doubts as to the' iTenetlcial effects of governmental efforts to take parental control of our children.1 This school or educational question has not yet been solved, and there is no telling where the craze will end. In one ! breath our politicians cry out for low tax-1 es, and in the next they call for more J ? " schools to bo supported at public ex pense. . The enormous annual expenditure ofi money for river and harbor improve-' ments lias been increased to figures Svhich must be alarming to iho econo-1 mist. Tlio increase in the number of ofliees,. and the constant demand for other olliees ?nd higher pay must mean something. j The war which the State governments' ?ro waging against the Railroad corpora- j tions, must hasten the day when Federal Legislation or the decision of tlie Su- ] preme Court of the United States, will; override such unjust and unwise laws? the effect being to centralize our govern- j ment, and to disregard States rights. j i Tlio Barnwell Sentinel. j Our contemporary, the Bannccll Send-' ( hel, acknowledges its receipts for subscriptions through the columns of that', newspaper. On the loth instant, tho Sen tinel contained a long list of tho names of; those subscribers who had made pay-! rnent since the 11th of PecemOer last.! That list contained one hundred and ten names, and tho month and year to which teach had paid. We thought tho exhibit ' quite creditable to the subscribers of that j paper, anil iu order that wo might make some estimate as to what we wore doing 4 and that we might learn the comparative promptness of our subscribers with those *. . of tho Sentinel, wo turned to our books toj ascertain how many subscriptions had j been paid to the Pre.iti and Banner in the; name length of titrie. The aggregate, 1 * summed up two hundred and two. Tho list iu the Barnwell Sentinel is recorded . very much in the same way that we enter payments on onr books?the month; and the year to which the subscriber has' i\\ paid, being placed opposite his name. 1 . "Without reference to tho months we give ' tho total number of subscribers, and the ( years to which they have paid. * The Year. * P. A II. 15. S. I8S4 61 -J:? 1 1883 I:?G r>3 : 1SS2 12 T> j f - < V issi :? s ! 1M0 0 2 i' 1K79 0 2 11 h- >jr2 ho j| Showing that sinco tlie 14th of Decemuer to the lGth of February, nearly one-j; V? fourth of our subscribers had paid their; subscriptions, and that in the same j length of time only about one-eleventh of \ tho subscribers lo the Ser.tinel had paid ?fli** A'.??i//>?/?/ w.i linllnt'A hn<u 1 twelve hundred subscribers, while the jPrc'mi and Banner prints only nine hun-1' '<1 red and thirtv-six papers. When we notice too that nearlj* ail of our subscribers have paid in advance, while u large per cent, of the Sentinel's subscribers l' "wore only paying arrearages, tho differ-; Vnce in favor of our subscription list will be more apparent. Comparisons of this kind only go to confirm us in tho opinion which we have always held, that Abbo-j villo county is the finest county in the world, and that no newspaper has greater; reason to bo proud of tho fidelity and loyalty of its subscribers than has the , l*ress and Banner. While we have ex-J pressed our opinion freely on all quos-i1 lions of public policy which has attract-' fed the attention of our people, yet tlu\se i, who diflei lroin us in opinion, concede to lis not only tho right to express our opin- i ions, but we liave been told a hundred times by men who differed in opinion i; from us, that the public were entitled to! know tho reasons for the faith that isj ? ' -- within us. As we have now more paying subscribers than a', any pieviousj time in the history of tho paper, wo are Inclined to the opinion that that increased subscription is partly due to tlio fact that : wo have adopted tho plan of speaking; Will I'll All VJUVOblVHO tllt-U linvivov Vtll I jioople, and upon which wo have decided convictions. (There arc, however, many < great national questions which we do not understand, and upon which we do not J talk.) We make it the rule to bo in the, right, if we can learn what is right. Wei neck no plaudits from the idle crowd, knowingthat he who is right, will in the | end, be approved by the intelligent public of Abbeville county. Xi'w Type. The Enquirer is printed to-day on au outlitof entirely new type, froui j'he elec- i trotyped heading to the last line on thoj fourth page ; though the difference in ap- ;; pea ranee between the present and previ- j j oils issues of the paper is so slight as to be scarcely appreciable except to lypograph- j tan. I'his is the third dress of new type >1 in which tho Enquire has appeared since i JS70?St being our purpose to keep the tv- j! pographical appearance of the paper up! to the progress ol' the day.? Yorkville {' Enquirer, 1 bill. I < The Yorkvxltc Enquirer was so beanti- L ?' ?. " fully printed that we h;ul never thought of that paper as needing new type. Am a,1 thing of beauty, it is all that typographic art and pressman's skill can make it. As a newspaper it is all that the most fastidious could desire. We notice that the Georgians are still 1( voting against the no-fence law. II some . i of them would make a pilgrimage to up- ! por South Carolina, where the law has 1 been in operation for several years, they j; U'ouid lie convinced of tuo en or of their i' ?fin-id lioa&s. H is next to itni ossible to enforco the I collection of the penalty of the olJioial j bonds. X'? matter who is the loser,, J v\ hethcr it lie the State or the private in- ; ' dividual, yet the same rule obtain?. We see that the purposes of oflicia! . bon-l-;. wh'ii dciaiili is made, are hardiy :over iivWi!ii|ilM.r?l. it is tho passport to. and there it ends. Unless the ofl:o;j.-.<t, llii-s I ?>!?<! is so milch waste paper, except in rare instances, ii is often s ti*J, "1'hat man is safe without a bond." Yes : we reply, ami if ho is not safe without it. he is not safe with it.; This is a crying evil, and remedy is needed, and not only needed, but demanded. .Now what is the remedy ? Abolish all j official bonds of county otlieers. make the j County responsible for the defalcations ofi its niiicTS and let the Legislature, at the' Iirst si's ion after the amount m me <teIsikIt shiil have been ascertained, levy a special tax snHi?"ii;i?l to discharge thej sHiiifi ; in other words make every taxpayer of the County the bondsman of its, otlirers. Lett ho penalty foriiefanlt in of-! lire lie imprisonment in the Penitentiary ! ai hard lab >r for not less than liO years, j and make the rule so, tit it general minor j will lie admissible as wviiieneo of default,! in < >;> no better evidence can lie had, ami the failure to turn over, when legal!}' re-i quired, proof positive of guilt, subject to, such extenuating circumstance* as may; be shown?Corraponilcui Scwberry Observer, i A prominet citizen of this county,some: time ago, expressed very much the samej idea as that advanced the Observer's cor-1 respondent. lie thought all official bonds should be abolished. That the tax payers should make good the loss of money by the public o'licer, ami tint the delinquent officer shoit'd be sent to the. pcnitenfi'iri/,} and Kept there, until every cent of the j money was voluntarily replaced by the defaulting plJicer or his friends. If .such ; a law exi-tecJ, wo are inclined to think j that we wi uM never again hear of a defaulting trousur-'r. Another correspondent of the Observer j says; " Th? most elleetual and certain! remedy for defah:ition in oiiiee is rota-| lion in cilice. Let the people see to it | when the otllee is elective that no a.an isj made his own successor.as a eonsnfincii'-e there will be a settlement of its] <ii!'airs every two or four years us the case | may lie. Nearly every defaulter Iris been his own successor, and consequently lias ii:i<i the opportunity of covering up his default for years. Civil service reform is a humbug when it means perpetuation in olHee." The Netr.s and Courier is doing a ?on.l work in calling and continuing to call the attention of the Charleston police to the I>;ivlc street policy shops that are swindling the laboring population of the "City by the Sea." We suggest that our powerful cetoinporary can do more good by aiming at a higher game. The Louisiana State Lottery, which draws every month from every Southern State large amounts of money, is as uncertain and disreputable as a faro bank or poker club, although it derives a quasi-rcspcetabilitv from the sponsorship of T. Beauregard and A. Early. We are sorry to see some of our most respectable exchanges advertising the Louisiana State Lottery.? lim iiwc't I'coplc. Yes, and they are,by the laws of the State, indictable for the oflenco. A glance at the Revised Statutes would convince a: publisher's enemies that he was doing aj a dangerous business to publish lottery advertisements. Senator Hampton. We see it .stated in tho newspapers that it is rumored that Senator Hampton in-1 tends to resign his seat in the United States Senate. We hope tho Senator may do no such thing. lie was elected for a full term, and we see no reason why we should excuse him before the expiration of the term for which ho was elected. As fur as wo know, he has served acceptably, and Uio people do not want him to give up the place which he now holds. ... .<?? C<;1. Aiken's Speed;. We do not get the Congressional Itccord, mid hence we have during this season, Si veil our readers but little of the Congressional work of our ltepresentativcs. The Hon. D. W. Aiken vary kindly sent lis a copy of his recent speech on the Tariff on Cotton-Ties. It is like everything else that eoines from the Hon. I). W. AilcA, entertaining and instructive. L>ur readers will well bo repaid for looking over it. Dr. Talir.ajre's Srrmon. We publish a sermon this week from Dr. Talmagc. We think well of it, and! hope that every body may read it, and es- j peeiully would it be well for those who! Lhink humblv of (heir own efforts. tor road it. If there is a poor family in which | there is a worthy son, lot them rea<l of the circumstance there related of the selflenial of the family to educate a son. An* important notice in reference to the ipp >intment of road superintendents may lie found in another column. The lountv Commissioners are determined :o have Hie roads properly worked. iQ> ? Wk want every farmer in Abbeville f'oujity to read tlie article, which appears ?1s?whcre, on tho subject of hill-sid : litehes. Intkuestinc? accounts of tho preat Hoods in tlie West may be found in mother part of this issue of our paper. Hill Side Ditcliiiii- Again. < K'Utnrx Southern Cultivator and Dixie Fanner:; 'J hi' several articles which have appeared In I rccHin. numbers of the Cultivator upon the I -uhjet ol ilill-?id<! lMichcs, snijscst the foi- . lo\vtn>; ideas which have appeared In times nuvt hrtth in tl?n ffurnl&uiA win n ishciI in i Nashvil'e. ami tn tin; agricultural r?-p;?j-ts-1 from Columbia. S. C.: but have been Ignored] nr overlooked by t .e fanners seeking in for-1 innti'in in this direction. Anil it is with I1 some misgivings that another article of the same sort Is now oifered to the C?ltir<Uor. An i i-xperience of twenty yours induces the belief! that hill-side ditches, however well placed, or I i.ieely proportioned, are worse than useless J mi average hill-side land. In the first place, the idea of hurrying the w itnr otr of the land appears to lie an erronl-11 mis one. One of the c!iief advantages of level ] land is its power to retain showers; this, it!, K?'onis, should ??e the principle a-; far as practicable, to guide us in the management ot hill-sides. Without attempting to answer In detail the several well written articles tihove reierred to. and giving, perhaps, the best rules for laying of hill-side ditches, it may be said that no hill-side dith w lihin my 1 experience has ever accomplished the pur-j po.-t'Ifor which it was intended, viz; tin; preservation of hilly land. In conveying water rapidly from the hill side, theadvantauc of a shower, itself, is in a gnat measure lost, besides the additional loss of apart of the soli, an.I pei haps the best part, which must go with each running shower. The accuuiniulation of water in large hulk, as in hill-side diiches, seems to be another serious objection; for the gieatcr b**ly of water, the greater the force with which it moves, the greater the quantity of soil ii removes, and consequently the greater the loss of plant food sustained, and the greater the mischief done when the ditch breaks, and bieak It will sooner or later. Again, the tendency of both earth and water is downward, consequently any disturbance of the soil immediately above the ditch, either by rains, freezes, cultivation or anything else* Inc. eases the declivity towards the ditch, liiid therefore necessarily defeats to that ex I ten I the purpose of the ditch itself, In the| rr.il of years tills troul>|r> will increase Into a j general wa?te of soil still farther above, nod I end eventually in barrenness or a succession I i)f little washes making t<> the ditch. In addition, the keeping of the hill-side ditches in K-.otl order is un endless Job. These are mentioned as a few objections to the hill-side! illU-h as a preserver of land, and enough, it 1* ] thought, to condemn It In the practice of all i thinking farmers. More recent, though le*s, extensive experience, earnestly advocates trmiciiij/ as a substitute for hill-side ditching, as clving better results and with lar less cost of both land and labor. These may be constructed as hill-side ditches are, aim with the same implements, only observing to run', them on a level, throwing the dirt above In-! stead of below, taking care to plow up to the foot ol t he embankment, formed soas to leave no place for water to collect or run. Weeds] and grass springing up on the bank thus! formed, will soon bind the earth together, ami' serve as a barrier to the downward progre^of! water and soil; besides dill'itsing the water ae- j1 cumulated above over the land, and causing! il to percolate the earth rather than (low over! the surface. The continuous growth of grass' and weeds aids the farmer if thus begun,!1 which, with llttleattention onceor twhe each year, repairing broken places and adding to ' the height of the embankment by additions,1 always from below, will soon form a ieve j space above the terrace, thus adding to its' strength and Increasing the fertility of the | soil immediately above. These structures, I placed at proper entervals, closer where the ' -J il..It.. |t. mil f-tr>rlw*v i f L- l/ice I Ufl'IIUIJ nnm.1, ,..n, ....... v.. ....V.v, .x. .r. . will form n succession of levels w hich will re-! lain all of the water of nil ordinary shower, j nnd give the best protection against the hear-! lest. Gullies will soon bcain to till up. andtif-' lerwimls become the highest and perhaps the most productive portions ot the field. I, In laying oft' rows a perfect level should bo | observed, as fur as practicable. liy laying otl' from above and below the!1 short rows, which should al>o keep the level, j! will be thus thrown to the middle ground be-,; Lwceii the terrnces, and somewhat facilitate i the worlc, beside preventing the accumulation } r>f water at any given po'tu. The Idea being: ( to spread the water, as you would any other, ' fertilizer, evenly over the surface. I I)eep plowing and level culture may mate- < riutiy aid iu this important work. kuuhpiklu. |, A Fatal Accitltiif. j< On Tuesday afternoon Carroll Priestly Mas-11 ters, the youngest son of the late P. A. Mas- I ters. deeciived. was killed by the running! away of a pair of mules. The little boy, who j was a precocious youth of some ten years of age, was driving the team, when he ran over 1 n stump near ttie residence of Dr. U.S. \\rnt- ] son, some four miles south of this city, which < precipitated hitn out of the front of the watr- | rm, wher#i.p caughton to the tongue. This . frlcbiened the mules and, in running, they pnssfd over another s'utnp. which struck him an the back of the head, cutting a fearful < ?ash. He died In about, twenty minutes.? i duderton Intelligencer. j] HEAlJS, I AY IN-TAILS, YOU LOSE. J ! XuoIIa E. Murray vs. The Virginia Home iNsuraiioe Company. Uy lar lln* m>-a ?in.?i beforu tills Court ior trial was t! jat of Mrs. Murray jijjaiiist tin; < Virginia }<<<ino 111*11 runco Company ui' Iliehuiond, Va., to recover tjh'iioy on their p::licy of insurance; against lo-ss l.y lire. Mrs Murray, before she married her present hu.-huiid, was tin: widow <;f the late John Vaiur, ami tin? property was burned was the old Vance homestead. The house, Jurniture and piano were i Dsn rod bv the com. pany on Mareii 7, 1S81, and on the day of ilw'onilii'r - !, 18S1, the property was j destroyed by tiro. Payment Iteiu^ re-, fused she brought suit, about a y?:ir ago, to recover the mon?y. Tho Virginia , Home InsuranceCoii'pany set up as their! deicnee, tli.it Mrs. Murray had destroyed!, the house by her own willful act or pro-, euroment with a view to realizing the;' money whieh the InsuraneeCompanv had ] agreed to pay in ease of loss. The Iusur-', ance Company also proved in Court that' the piano, which originally cost 5?I(K?.., some ten or eleven years a:?n, was now | worth onlv about j>UK)? (a musical expert!, 11. .1 .. ..svl ' irsiiiyiu^ m * "mi, in.ic i\ n#t?i muii.i.wi i{ dollar piano, in cloven years would dete- ( riatc to that extent.) For tlieso reasons , the Insurance Company went into Court to defeat the claim of tiio plaiutitt'. The;( case was reached last Friday evening, . anil on Satnrdav testimony was taken' | and argument was made. Tho rewords j were given to the jury at o'clock. A j verdict was rendered to the Clerk at "?i | o'clock. The Judge being absent it was j s-'aled. On .Monday morning, on the call:, of the Court, the verdict was opened,jj which awarded to the plainlilf. Messrs. K. 11. Gary and F. I>. Gary for ] nlainiiif. Messrs. \V. C. lionet and L. \V. Smith for defendant. ( On Tuesday evening* just. before the close of the day's work, the .fudge heard Mr. l?oii"t s motion lor a new trial, and in reply Mr. Gary objected to the motion. ! j Mr. *l?.-nel moved lor a new trial upon , j tho ground: i| 1. On the insufficiency of the eviiloneoj | to support the verdict of the jury. "1. That l.'n; verdict is inconsistent with tho facts of the ease in so much as by the! verdict, the piano was valued at ou-jj ly *11.when according to the evidence, j the jury should have valued it at not less , than v 10ft, its present value as proved, nor i | more than $400, its original value as paid for when new, according to the evidence. ] (The amount claimed was S2,5Si>.0">, ti?o | a verdict was $2,-00, showing a reduction i, of S.'VCj.Im on the only article where value I, was questioned by tho defendant.) 3. That the verdict as published was), not the verdict of the whole jury, as is j shown by the affidavits of the foreman j ( and lour of the jurors. I Rceantmz Jurors. |l Five of the jurors on Monday, after Hie;1 publication of the verdict, made oath re- L spectively t<? the following statements,) which Mr. lionet read in support of his j motion: AFFIDAVIT OF O. II. MOOUH, O. A. CltOMCR AND S. T. MCNDY. Tub Stack ok Sopth Carolina, ) County of Abbeville?f:i ttie CouimonPlwui. / Nuella ii. Murray. Plain till", against The Virginia Home insurance Company, Dctcndant. Personally appeared before me ({. II Moore, j( ( i. A. Cromer and s. T. M undy. who helm; da- i !y sworn, each lor 1111nsO!f", and on his liuli-j vldiial oath, says: That silica the verdict in ihea-r.ive entitled cause was awed upon in?, Hie Jury room on Saturd ly, the I7i.li day of, I'etiruaiy, and sijui'-d hy the foreman, j the-e deponents have individually conic to; the coneiu.-ion that they agreed to the said! Verdict under a misapprehension of the law of the ca-e. Tin;', they are convinced that I he! said vcuiiet is wrong ai.d unjust and contrary j to the law and tiie facts of the case, and to their convictions of t!ie law and the facts of this ease. That when the Clerk of the Court, j 011 the morning of the Pit li instant, published i the said verdict in open Couit, hail he pat toj them the umi.iI question. "Gentlemen, have! you agreed upon your verdict?" they would) have answered that it was not their verdict. I That these deponents came to the above eon-1 elusion without consultation with any one j and without bein;; ln.'lucnced by the opinions i, of any one. That there present convictions: tiro 1 ln? mi nif? ?ik I h.-wn I lif.v nnl.ei-!:i ilied ill tile' Jury room before the verdict was signed, and thai tliHr consent io the verdict was given under a mistake as to tin* lau. <;. ir. moohe. tJ. A. rUO.MKR, S. T. Ml'NDY. Sworn to and subscribed before me this 19th day of February, ls<-i. m. o. '/jKWil.F.ll, c. c. p. AFFIDAVIT OF J. It. ItAKKIt. Tub STATi: OK SotTTII ('AMOLIXA, ) , (.Jounty o( Abbeville?In the CoinmonPlcns ( { Nucila 15. Murray, pi.Until!', against The Virginia ilonie im-urnnce Coin puny, defendant. Personally appearel J. 15. Baker who helns? duly sworn, says th.it he was one of (he jurors in tiie above entitled cause. 'Ihat. since the verdict wasanre.-d upon In the juiy room on Saturday, the 17 tlay of February, l.-vf, and signed uy the foreman, this deponent has eou.e to the conclusion that lie agreed to the , said verdict under a misapprehension of the law of the c ise, not understanding:clearly the distinction hetw- en a finding upon evidence beyond a reasonable doubt and a finding up-! on a preponderance of the evidence. That he . is convinced that the said verdict Is wrong j. and unjust and contrary to the h.w and (lie ' tacts of ilie case. That when the <llerk of the Court on the mnrnins of the 19th instant j published the said verdict in open court, had ' lie put to tiiern the question, "Gentlemen.! have you nfj'eed upon your verdict?" lie , would have joined (i. II. Moore, (i. A. Cromer, | and S. T. Munday, in theirdcclar.itlons that II; was not the verdict of the whole Jr.ry. That i lhis d- ponent caine tu the above conclusion ! < u l!ii uii consultation with any one, una without being influenced by the opinions of any ( one. That lil"* present convictions* are the same as those lie entertained in the jury ' room before 1 he verdict was signed and that his consent to the verdict was given under ti : mistake as to the law. J. n. DAJCKU. Sworn lo and subscribed before me this 19 day of February, lvvi. M. (?. Zeiglf.K, C. C. I'. AFFIDAVIT or J. M. MAJOIt. Tin: Statr ok Sorm Pakoiisa, 1 1,'ouniy of Abbeville?111 the Coniinonl'lrns. j Mrs. Nuella 10. Murray, piamtilf vs. The Virginia Home Insurance Company, dfi ndant. Personally appeared before me Joseph M Majors who being duly sworn on ids outli said : That he was for man of the jury that had the above ent is led case in charge. That when thejury a u reed on a verdict on Saturday evening, 17th February, lSSJJ, in fa- . vorol' plaintiff, the verdict as then endowed 1 by this deponent on the record, to wit: "We j. find for the plalnliir twenty-two hundred do!-;, lars. .). M. Majors Fortnan," heat that time . concurred In: but that on reflection for two! nights and a day, and without consultation j, with any one and without belnz influenced j. by the opinion of any one, he found on Mon-j. [lay mornlni; that he was ready to say it was j' not his verdict, and that had ttie Clerk of ilie J j in;' liisconvictions hei'ure the said verdict was published by asking Uic usual question. Gen-1 tlcmcn haveyou agreed upon your verdict? I he would have risen in his i lace as a Juror! and answered that il was not his verdic'. j J. M. MAJOR. Sworn before me this 101 h February, ISS't. M. Ci. ZKUSLKJJ, O. C. I'. The Jndge tonk the papers, and will j ileliver his decision this morning as to j whether anew trial will ho granted. By reference to tlio County Auditor's hooks, it may he seen that Mrs. Murray's return of personal property for taxation for the year in which her house was burn-j ed was inado in June, and itemized in j full, is as follows: i IAXAISLK VALUE OF ALL PLAINTIFF'S I I'KUSONAL PROrKKTY. j No. Value.' Horses 1 ? -10; Cattle 3 15 Gold and Silver Watches 1 10, Piano-fortes, Melodcons, or 11 Cabinet Organs 1 100 * Pleasure Carriages, Wagons, { Carts and Jinnies 1 25 | Value of all other property, including household furniture 75 ^ Total porsonal property ?21)51 j The Hoard of Township Ileal Estate!. Assessors put the following estimate of the tract of land and the house, which i was insured, at. the tiino, and afterwards t burned: ' I TAXABLE VAI.UK OK PLAINTIFF'S I?\VKL- ' LINO. | 10 acres of land 9 225 1 building MO 1 Total real estato 51,025 TOTAL TAXABLE PItOI'KHTY INSUIIKD. Added together, tno aggregate of per- j sonalty wan: Piano $100. i Household furniture 75 jj r Ulll ' UOIISU ovu., i ' Total taxable value ?1175 t TICK AMOUNT WHICH THE VIRGINIA j! HOME COMPANY UNDERTOOK To 1 c PAY, IN CASE OF LOSS. j] Upon this properly the Virginia Homo < * Insurance Company took from the in-j| sured a premium, I<?r, ami issued to her ai t a policy, or their obligation to pay her in ; t case of loss by lire, the following amounts: On house ?1,500 Oil household and kitchen furniture 1,0001 On piauo 500' | Total insurable value ?:j,000; Some of the furniture was sHved frotnj^ the burning building, and Airs. Vaiicoit proved, or madeoath to a loss of ?2,585.f?5.j 1 Tlio figures are suggestive to the!" thoughtful reader. While tax returns,* ;iro not always to bo relied on as to tliftj true value of property yet the symmetry d uf the return as made for Mrs. Murray in n Juno preceding the fire, means some- { Lhing. The piano at Sl'-O, a horse at S40, t 5 cattle at ?15, a vehicle at. ?tr>, household j t furniluro at #7">. Does this not boar in-: r Lernal evidence of truth ? We take it, that the Company in tiiisjj trial could not do otherwise than object to J, the price of the piano. A five hundred t dollar piano, we believe, is something1 d which has not been imported t<> Abbe- " villo county, and tlio public can draw " their own inference in construing the act i [>f the company in taking a premium ofjl live hundred dollars, and then proposing; f| to pay oi.dv a hundred. J * To liavo claimed a further reduction in tj Lhe amount of the policy while charging 1 Mrs. Murray with the destruction of the) property may have showu the business j apacity of the Company in a light which j may not have been desirable, and which } may not have recommended it to tlio fa-; voruble consideration of the property * uwtiers and insurers. ^ t, We heard none of the evidence, and j, liavo no right to form an opinion as to 1; v / whether Mrs.Murray rliil or did not hum the house. Nor do we pretend to inquire into tin? motive of the company tor taking the premium on so larye a policy (>n I so small an amount of property. Tli'o company should know an it.discreet act, i I'll ilieir part may sometimes hu^ojjt an I improper deed on the pf.rt of tin; insured.' And we may he pardoned for advancing! the idea that when property is horned he-. cause of over-insurance, thai the compa-j ny, ini^hl be very properly charged! wjili lieinj: indirectly accessory before: tiie fact. For this reason, we believe they should be made to stiller to the fall j extent of their promise. in the case of Mrs. Murray, even if the company should be able to jlro'vo that she bunted] the house, why relieve the Virginia Insurance Company from a just penalty f n w/\ oiMof !i f i?m nf *if i>m in f!w> ivjiv r,f their policy-holders. Wecon'end thai: when the insuivd burns property because! i>f tlio excessive insurance which the! company has given, that the insured is' acting as the agentof the coinpany. jury were right in giving a verdict against the Virginia llomo Insurance Company, even though reputable and truthful* witnesses should testify that! they saw her set lire t > the house, whichLlicy diil not do. The iirc/tondrriiHCC of r.i'iilcnce in tini/ cutsc lic.s in the written con- i tract of the (.'ompany, w/icrctpi/ th<\t/ olf'c.r. tin ninount of mourn in cxtws of the. vuttte.; rif thejivopcrtu. \Vo take it that, the In-1 siirance Company can lake no advantage] r?f their own wrong, and it may occur to: others as it has occurred to Us, lint when , the Company gets heat at an improper( transaction whereby they had in tlio first j place taken money for an illegal act, that: they should not come into Court to pro-j tcct themselves. Even if she burned the j house, does it take much of a strain on i :inv intelligent man's vision to .see dimly i (*t least the outlines of something improper on the part of the company f Was j it not as great a wrong to take Mrs. Mur-j ray's money for a premium, which they' tliil not intend to pay, as it is in Mrs.! Murray to burn the house ? ' If it had not been Ibr the purpose of; making money out of Mrs. Murray, or j in the hopeof evading the responsibility,! in case of loss, would they have issued toi l\or so large a policy ? Few persons who j know Mrs. Murray will think that sha had a thousand dollars'worth of house-j hold furniture on the seventh day of March, 18.S1, and we arc perfectly certain ) that no intelligent citizen of this county; will believe ta.it she or anybody else has; ' second hand niano which is wort!i livn Iittiidrc<l dollars. The dwelling itself,' while not at) old house was undesirably I located. Taking tlie.se suggestions into j ueeount, does it not occur to the reader that the Virginia Home Insurance Com-1 pany tool: a premium for an amount| which greatly exceeded tho true value of the property? If then, under these circumstances, Mrs. Murray burned the! dwelling; as the Insuracc Company have tried to proye, was such an act not tho legitimate result of the company's own indiscreet promise? Ifany insurer burns Id's property under tho delusion that the company will pay him, for the loss, more than tho property j was worth, is tho company blameless ? * j Is it surprising that an insurance com- j pany should occasionally try to establish ;i fact, which the public may be ready to| believe their own imprudent act may! have superinduced ? Should tho public not be very cautious ! about accepting tho theories of a debtor j who assails the character of his creditor in i order to evade the payment of a debt ? In this ease it is a woman who paid her money to the insurance company. That j company now sets up as a defence that; they insured the piano for too much; and proved, in Court since it was: burnt, of course, that they took a pre-j 111 i ti 111 on it for Jive hundred dollars, when ! it was worth only one hundred dollars. | Is not the ad of over-insurance of| property by any Fire Company, a tacit,} if not an open encouragement to ineen-1 diarism ? For tho ^ood name of Abbo-j villo county, should not those who in j any way encourage or abet the evil ofj house-burning bo made to'sulfur fori their misdeed? ! The public should protect itself, and our juries should ho very careful hoivj (hoy relievo Insurance Companies from j the payment of the policies, upon which I they have received a premium. II they I issued such a policy as to induce Mrs. j Murray to bum her house, then they should pay it. The business of house-! burning should bo slopped, and the way ; to stop it, is to make the Insurance C'*mii-| pany pay their policies. If they find out that they aro obliged to pay on their pot-' icies, they will ho inoro careful. Fewer of j onr citizens will be tempted; fewer tiros! will occur; fewer lawsuits will take; place; and fewer citizens will bo injured: in their good name. The company made no demurrer to the I amount of insurance on the house. Did ] theypavit? No. What did they do?: Instead of paying it, this great and pow- j orful Richmond Homo Insurance Com-j pany employed ablo and learned counsel I whose zeal and success in every cause is proverbial, and assailed the character of a j ilrfnicc)c!s.s ami a /torndev.* woman, whose \ promised money they wouUi withhold. The Virginia llomo Insurance Com-, pany have succeeded in exciting thought-j less'remarks about this lady. "The case! may bo teimod the town talk for the lastj day or two, and wo aro led to ask if it! would not lie well for the public to with- i hold a hasty judgment. The sober see-j rmd thought of the intelligence and man-i hood of Abbeville county will never endorse this mode of procedure in tho mat-j for /?f f?ViwHnor flir? riMViiumf of drtltfu : And although the Virginia Homo Insur-' mice Company by their eourso may in-1 jure tho lady, they will have littio ofj which to bo proud, oven if they, at the j expense of a woman's nocd name, should : be enabled to evado the payment ol'the j money which thoy promised. "lie who steals my purse, steals trash ; "l'was mine, 'tis his and has been Slave to thousands; hut he Who filches from me my t;ood name Takes that which not enriches hitu liut makes me poor Indeed," m ? . , Fnrman's (icnninc Formula. A subscriber wfltes us from Deeatur. Ala. unl asks us to print in tiio Cultivator the genuine Furmau's Formula, as he has seen two that were not alike, ami he wants -to know which is the correct one. We comply with l>lcasure, mid also suggest that he wilt find it j lieaper to purchase the materials and make i the coin post hi in sell', than to buy it already j urcpareil for use. Hero is what Mr. Furinau says of his formula: I give you the formula upon which mi* com-! ;>ost is made: Take thirty bushels well rot-j [ (I st si rile manure or well rotted organic niat;er, a" leaves, muck, etc, and scatter It aboutl hrcc inches thick upon a piece of ground so j dtuaU-d that water will not stand on It, but' died oir In every direction. The thirty bush- j . iswill weigh about nine hundred pounds;! :akc two hundred pounds of good acid pliosihate, which cost Sii.-iO |>er ton, delivered, i taking the two hundred pounds cost I iinl one hundred pounds kainit, which cost no by the ton SI 1.00, delivered, or seventy . cuts tor one hu'idrcd p >uuds and mix the icld phosphate and kainlt thoroughly, tiien, scatter evenly on the manure. Take next .hi rty bushels green cotton seed a'id distribite evenly over the pile, and wet them thor>ughl.v; they will weigh nine hundred j tounds; take again two hundred pounds acid j iliosphate and seven hundred I)funds kainit, nix, ami spread over the seed; begin again hi the manure and keep on In this \sav. Miiidingup your heap layer by layer until ,4ou get it as hit:li as convenient: then cover iVith six inchesof rich earth from fence curlers, and leaveat lea<tslx weeks; when ready i o haul to the Held cut with a spade or pickaxe! square down and mix as thoroughly as po<si- j ile. Now we have thirty bushels of manure. ,veb;hing nine hundred pounds, and three! lundred pounds chcmlculsin the tlrst layer, ind thirty bu-helscotton seed, weighing nine | lundred pounds and three hundred pounds of | hem lea Is In the second layer, and these two i i?yers comtilned from the perfect compost.! k'ou perceive that the weight Is-1UU pounds. Oil lie at cost is: I1) bu. cotton seed 12!^ ets 7~> j 100 pounds acid phosphate 1 50 ! M0 pounds kainit 140 Stable manure nominal. i Total t>i ' Jr. for'Jtif) pounds, a total value of sa.O"). This mixture makes practically a pcrfect j moiurc for cotton and a splendid appllcat Ion "or corn. To have a perfect manure for cotton, iveneed: l'hosporle acid, ammonia, humus,! lotash, lime, magnesia, soda and silica. Now j ny compost contains every element needed: Acid phosphate gives phosphoric acid and I ime. stall mnnure or organic matter gives amnonla anil humus. Cotton seed gives ammonia, polash and hull us. Kainit gives potash, lime, magnesia, and soda. Silica Is always presort In the sol), Is praetl'ii 11 v in inexhaustible ouanlitlcs: so we have n my compost everything essential supplied, i'ou will rcMiiily perceive In this formula the . a?L importance of k.-tlnlt; containing, jih It Iocs, nearly one-third (if lis bulk of sail, 11 is i groat coL*servator of moisture. I havelound ' I, combined with humn.s, n specific against I rust in cotton, and owing to Us contents of | ailphatc of magnesia it is invaluable in tin? ,lower that it possesses in the compost heap of Ixing the ammonia as a sulphate and there- j y 1 revet)ting it escape I regard its dlsoov-; ry iti the bossoin of the earth at Leopold ! Hall In (iermany, along with that of the; diosphate beds at (Charleston, which occurred j ilmosl simultaneously, as the greatest boon hat ft kind l'rovldenee has bestowed upon | lie agricultural couununity in the last eun-i ury. 4 ? Tlifi Nature of Diphtheria. T>r. It. C. Wood, professor of experimental i mlhology in the University of Pennsylvania, j i member of the commission appointed by he United States government to make re-j earclies Into the nature of dlphterlii, having I pent several years In tlio work, recently gave; he result of his Investigation in a lecture ill 'hiladelphia. He suld that diphtheria, cioup uui gangreuelnreIdentical diseases; that dipli- i lieria Is by no means limited to what we eo in tliepharynx, as any nhisdod surface) niiny be transformed with a genuine case, of liplitbciia; thatll is a loenl and not ft enn- ( iltntloiml disease; that tiny sore throat may j leeome diphtheritic without- any contagion :, | hat diphlhei Itlopolsoii Injected Into theblood I s perfectly harmless. It (list being necessary j I o make u wound and keep It In u stale of lr- I Itation before dlptlierlllc poison Introduced i nto It could poroduee the desired e flee l;' hat the disease abounds in low swumpy | duces; thai diphtheria and micrococci, mln- i ito vegetable fungi, are inseparably nssocla-, ] ed?"no tnleroeel, no dIpittlicrla.?said the i < lootor; that the diphtheritic polsi.n cannot! I iicoi a healthy person: there must be nil 1 braded surface, and no healthy child can uot i unless It lias a sore throat already : lliai, n his oplni.in. micrococci do not produce tlie nitial lesion; that any sure throat may end in llphtherla, and the lino cannot lie drawn i here sore throat ends and diphtheria begins; nd finally,that diphtheria is a spotancous iscase, and not inlectiou.s, strictly speak"? j ??? ? Abljovflle's Schools. ! i [ Xncbcrry Observer.J Abbeville's plan for conducting schools Is! lie proper ptan, viz.: tuition for a pay srhool j nd no tuition for a tree school. As long as lie free school money Is used simply to sup-1 lenient tuition fees the school system will be I ucilleient. ! t I ????1?- - ' N wmm ill ? . ; Brooklyn Tabernacle. GARItlSOX DUTY. IJy 1!?.? Ilt'V. Pr. I><; \Yi({ T;il::i:i?0. ' As hi? ji:irt in ili.'il to liar l<:.!t! , o.i j h i' lii? j-?:t ! ' lii.il I;:;ik-lli ly the iwi.li'."? I.! JjINll.-l. WW '.-I. li ymi ji'uvi' never Pi.cu :?n nrrny i <! !..I iflf, v I'll llllVO III) idflt lit till? lUllO'.IIll C.P t.:.i: liiiscj.-tLi' ?I wildly liiuiJs lil'iy li:tvi?. a linn- j difil iii.uls oi'iiiiKua.,e. Innlil and l>j-s unity \rc*:*ia uiuiiil lu stsiil mi a lioubiu i|tilelc luaicit tor thi-rci'iivi-ry 0i'ili0ireai?luicil lainilic- I'tnin 1 tUc An.alexins. So tlii-y li't'l by tin- Ikomk j IJcsi'l'lliL-lr lilaiiki'ls, iln-ir Jc!!i; lr lii.^.n^i" ami tlici" <"iiriiiiies. Who shall I?t iU'.:iiin! in wutrli their stnll ? 'I lir-i ?* arc sick ! sci,!U'is. it ml wniiiiili'ii si.Mifis. ami aci:il lirrs who me not aHe to so on this Mvitl I military expt ilition, i>ttI whoure able to do! some work, ami no they are deluded to watch Hi.; bigsage. There is many si soldier who Is! not strong enough to march ttiirty ndios id a 'lav and then pillage into a ten hortrs" limit ' wliii" Is abl? witii drawn sword lifted against' Ills shoulder to pace up and down ax a send-! nel to iiecpoil'a'i i-nemy wh ? might put Iii?-1 torch to the ba,'<' ijri\ Tiiero are two hundred j of these crippled ami aired anil wouudel Kid ! tilers detailed to \va!clt theib.ig;a:;i\ Some of tnem, 1 suppose, had ban I-gos aoross the liiow, and conic of them w.dk>\i on cvutc'ies. j The/ were not cowards chirking duty. They had fougnt in many a Here.; battle for t'n ir country and their f? >d Tney are now part of the time in hospital and p irt. of tin' linn on j garrison duty, l'hey alnio.it cry b'-eanso th'-y cannot go with other troop." lo the front. Willie ihese .sentinel* watch the bagtrijce, the l.ord watches theS' nUuo.s. There is<jinie a dilfereht s-je.ie being enactod In tho distance. Tho Am ili-kiles. having ravajed and ian-1 sacitcd and rohb.'d whole countries, are cc!c?j brating 1111 i; success i.i a roy.il cirou al ! Some of them arc daw-ing 0:1 the lawn wit!i j wonderful gyration of heel and toe, and some id' them are examining the spoil* of the victory--til" linker-rim;-! and ear-rings, the! neckless, ti:e Wi'i-t'.ets, the. head-ban Is ilia-! mond-starred, and the coders, with cornets, an I carnelians, and pearis, and sapphires, and emeralds, and all the wealth oi plate, and ! jewels, and decanters, and tho silver and the J gold upon the earth in princely profusion,i and the embroideries, an I robes, and the t tr- j bans, and th cloaks of an imperial w.irdrob.t. The banquet has gone on until the banqueters! are ail maudlin and weak, and sttipiU, and Indecent, and loatbcsoineiy d:unk. Wiitit a time it Is now f.?r LVtvid and Jbds men to swoop on them, .So tho K iglish nT*-t tins battle of Hannoekburn, because tlie night, before they were in wassail and bibulous celebration while the Scotch were in prayer. So the Syrians were overthrown in their carousal by the Israelites. So Chedalanier and his army were overthrown in their carousal by, Abraham and his men. So our Northern forces wore defeated at Fredcrlcksburg, _i?ecausis one of the commanders was drunk. Xow is the 11ine lor uaviu ami ins men u<> mv<iu|> upon (host1 carousing Anialokit'-s. Sonic of the Amalekitcs aro hacked to pieces on the spot, some of (hem are .1 ist. able to go staggering anil hiccoughing oil'the Held, and some of thein ar<" Jn-t able lo crawl on camels and speed oil In the distance. David and his men gather together the wardrobes, the Jewels, and they put lliom upon the back of cunols and put them Into wagons, and they gather together the sheep ami cattle that had neeh stolen and start back toward the garrison. Yonder they coino, yonler they come. The limping tnen of the girrison conic out and irreat I'icni with wild linz/.a ! Tile Bible says David saluted them. That Is. ho asked them how they a 1 were. "How Is your broken arm?" "How Is your fractured Jaw?" "Have you had another chlil?" "Aro you getting bi'Ucr?" lie saluted them. Hut, now came a very diHerein tiling, the distribution of the spoils of victory. Drive up tiio.se lulen camels now. Who shall have the spoils? Well, some selfish soul sug^c-ts that tho?e treasures ought all to belong lo those who had been out in active service. "We did all the fighting while these men staid at home in the treasures." But David looked around and saw how cleanly everything had been kept, and lie saw that the baggage was all safe, and lie knew how that these wounded and crippled men would gladly enough have been at the front if they had been able, and tlij little general looks up from under his helmet, and says: "So. no, let. us lnve fair play," and he rushes up to one of these men who had lost both eyes In a former conflict and In: says; "Hold your hands together," and the hands are held together, and he (Ills them with silver, and lie rushes up to another man, who was silting away back and ha I no Idea of getting any of the spoil '.and throws a Babylonish garment over him, and tills his hand with gold. And he rushes up to another man wli i had loUall his property in serving 0 )1 and his country years before,and he drives ** * 1 ? ~ ?? -?n ,XF I h/i ulifift.i up S'HIIC <>1 LIJU U IttiC UI1U p?uuiv; wi i nv v-r thai they had brought back from the AinalekItes, and ho >cives l\vo or throe of the cit'ie and three or four ol the sheep 10 this poor man, so he shall always he feu ami clothed. He sees a man so cmucialcd ami worn out ami sick, he needs stimulants, ami he gives Mim a liitle of the win.! that he brought from the Anmlokites Yonder is ainati who has no app.'tite for Hit; rough rations of the army, ami ho give; liiin a rare morsel from the Amalekitish ban<iuet, and the two linn I re-1 crippled an;l maimed a:vl ageJ soldiers who tarried on garrison duty gi-t Ji:?t as imv.h of the spoilso:' the b itt.le as any of t lie t'.vo-huu Ire I men that went to (liu front. "As Ins part is that gooth down to the ball I:!, s > shall Ins part be that tarrleth by the sttiII'.-* The Impression is abroad tint the (.'iiristlan rewards are for tho:icwhodo conspicuous service in distinguished places?gri'ut'marly rs, givat patriots, grout prcaehers, a real philanthropists. Hill, my text -",s forth the id-.a tii it there is just as much rew.irl for a in in that stays a!, borne and minds bis own iin^incss. and wtio, crippled and unable to go fori!: and lead in great.movement'* and In the high places of ihe earth, does his whole duty Just whero he is.. Garrison duty Is juslas Imporiirit and just as relit a nerative as service at the front. "As lilsparl is lhalgoeili down to the bit Me, sosiiall lila (.art be that tnrriolh by the stuiK"' The Karl of Ivintore .-aid to me in an Kngllsh railway ; ".Mr. Tannage, wncu you i;oi. iku-k i<? America, I wniityoii to prc.iuh a sermon on the discharge of ordinary duly, la ordin try place i, and then send inea copy of it." Aitorward, an Kngilsh clergy in in. coining to Lliis land, brought from tlic Karl of Khi'.oic III saniumessage. Alas! that before 1 go;. rjtidy to do what ho nsked nu* lo do, the good ICail of Kin ton; had d'parted this I i f o. l!itl that man, surrounded hyall palatial surroundings, and in a ills! liigid died sphere, toil sympatiiot.it; with those who had ordinary duties to perioral in ortlinary places and in ordinary ways. A -4r0.it many p"op!eart! discourage 1 when they hoar tin story of M;>*nt an 1 of Joshua, and of David and of I.uiher, and of Deborah,ail I of Florence N*iglilii].;n!c. They say: "Oil! that Was all gaod ami risjh'. for them, tint I shall never be called t ? receive this law on Mount Sinai. I shall never he eadcl to command the snn and the moon to stand still. I shall never be called to slay a giant. 1 shall never preach on .M irs (lilt. I shall never defy the Diet o' Worms. I shall never hecaTed to make a queen tivinb.e lor her crimes while I preaeti to her. I shall never pros Mo over a hospilitl. Thorn are women who say, "If I hud as brilM-int a sphere as t hose people had, I shodd h just as brave and just as pun': but my business is to no' tbe ehiltlreu oil to school, and to hunt up things when they uro lost, and see that dinner is ready, and to keep account of the household expenses, and to hindrr the children from belli'.'strangulated by th1! whoopInn cough, aiidtouo through ail the annoyances and vexations of housekeeping, oil! my sphere is so infinitesimal and so Insknith cant,! am clear discouraged." Woman, find places you 0:1 a garrison duly, and your reward will be Just as great as that of Florence Nightingale, who, moving so often night by night uilh a light ill Her nana itiroiigu me hospitals, was callcd l>y fie wounded the "ludy of lite lump." Your reward wlil be Just as great as that. of Mrs. Ilert/.i>%, who I>mi11 and endowed theological seminaries. Vour iv ward will bojust a- groat as that of Hannah More, wlio by her excellent books won lor her admirers Garrick and Kduiund Ihirkc and Joshua Iteynolds. Howards arc not to be given according to theamount ol' noise yon make in the world, nor even the amount of good yon do, hut. according to whether or not you do your full duty in the sphere where God has p'accd you. Suppose you give to two of your children an errand, and they are to go ol) to make purchases, and to one you give one dollar, and to the other you kIvc twenty dollars. Do you reward the boy that you gave twenty dollars to for purchasing more with tint amount of money than the other boy purchased with one dollar? Of course not. If (2nd gives wealth, or social position, or elo^ucnce, or twenty times the faculty to a man that lie gives to the ordinary man. Is lleg'dm: (ogive to tiie favored man a reward because lie lias more power ami more Influence? Oh, 110. In other words, if you and I do our whole duty, and you have twenty times more talent than I have, you will get no more divine reward than I will. Is God going to reward you because He gave you moreThat would not be fair, that would not. be right. These two hundred men of the text who fainted by the hrr.,,u Hesor did tneir whole duty; they j watt-hod the baggage, they took euro of the slut!', uini tticy got Just sis much of the spoils of victory us the men who wont to the front. "As Ills p.irt is thsit goeth down to the battle,' so shall his part ho ilpit tarrieth by tho si nil'." j There is high encournuemcnt in this for all who have great responsibility and little crediti for what they do. You know tIn* names ofj the great commercial houses of those cities. li?> you know the names of confidential clerks' ?the men who have the key to the safe, tho j men who know the combination lock? A j distinguished merchant uues forth at tliej Summer watering-place and he Dashes past j and you say. '"Who is that?" ''Oh," replies! some one, "don't you know? That is the! ureal importer; that is the great banker; tli.it * is the great manufacturer." The eoniidcutial | clerk has his week oil". Nobody notices; whether lie coines or goes. Nobody knows; him, and after a while his week is done, and i he sils down Hgaln at his desk, liuli.iod will reward his fidelity Ju*t as much as He rccog-j ni/.es the work of the merchant philanthrop- j I'Hwimr?nt* Hits unknown clerk so \ I."M< *? 11 ?#.-*> carefully guarded. Hudson liivcr Itailroad,j Pennsy van in Railroad, Krie I In il road, New York nnd New Haven Railroad?business| men know the names of the presidents ofi those rouds and of the prominent directors, | hut they do not know the names of the engineer.'', this names of tin; switchmen, tiie j names of the tiremcn, the names of t lie lira I; e- j men. These men have awful responsibilities,! ami sometimes throti!rh the reekle.-sncss of an j engineer, or the unfaithfulness of a switchman, it. lias brought to mind the faith/illness of nearl; all the te-t of them. Such men j do not have lecognitlon of their services. They have small wages and much cimplalnl. I very often ride upon locomotives, and 1 very j often ask the question, as we shoot around! some curve, or under some ledge of rocks, "How much wages do you net." and I am al-1 ways surprised to timl how little for such \astj responsibility. Ho you not suppose (iod is! going to recognize Unit fidelity? Thomas Scott, Hie President of the IVntisylvanhi Hallway, going up at de ntil to receive from <Jod Ills destiny, was no lielter known In that hour than was known last night the hrakeluan who on the Krie Railroad was jammed to death amid the car-coupling. 'As his pn-t is thai goetli down to the battle, so shull hisi part he that, tai'rieth by tlie stuli." For thirty-six hours we expected every I moment to go to the tiottom of the ocean. I The waves struck through the skyliuht.s and rushed down Into the hold of the ship and hissed against the hollers. It was an awful time: hut by the blessing of trod and the faith fulness of the men in charge we came out nf the cyclone and we arrived at home. Kaeli one before leaving the .-hip thanked Captain Andrews. I do not think there was a man or - ... Itl.ri.lt ll,,,n|,. woman mat wem uu h..m. ing Captain Andrews, and when years after I heard of IiIn death I was Impelled to write a letter of condolence to his family in Liverpool. Kverhody reeoanlzed the goodness, the [murage, the kindness of Captain Andrews; lull It occurs to me now that we never thanked the engineer. He stood siwny down In the ilnrknesHamid the hit-sing furnaces doing his whole duty. Nobody thanked ilio engineer, but recognized his heroism, and his contlnu-j nice, and tklelit.v, and there will be Just as high reward for the engineer who worked out I if sight as the captain who stood on the !?ridge of the ship In the midst of the howling j tempest. "As his part Is that uoetli down to liattle, so shall his part he that tarrleth by the jlutt." A Christian woman was seen going! ilong tlieedireof a wood every eventide, and [ Lhe neighbors In the country did not under-j stand how a mother with so many cares and I inxlctlcs should waste so much lime as to he j' dly sauntering out evening by evening. Hi urns found out afterward that she went there j o pray for her household, and while there me evening she wrote that beautiful hymn, 1 iinious In all ages for cheering Christian I learts: "I love to steal a while awny I From every cumbering care, , And spend the hours of setting day in humble, grateful prayer." , Shall there1 e no reward forsuch unpretend- I ng yet everlasting service? Clear back In 1 be country there is a boy who lvauts to go to i t } co11c2c and get an education. They eftll him ii book-worm. Whenever they find him, In t tic burn or In the house, he is reading a book. "What a pi I y it Is," they say. "that Kd cannot get an education." Ills father, work as bard as he will, can no more than support the family by the product of the farm. One night Kd tins retired to his room and there Is a f.imliy conference about liiin. Tlie>i;?ters suy : f ather, I wis h jou would send lid to eolleae; if you will we will work harder than we over did, and we will make our old dresses do.1' The mother s.i.vs: "Yes, I will jiet along withoutcuy hired help; although I am not as ptroiig as I used to be, I think enn get along without any hired help.'- The lather says: "Well. I think by husking corn nights I c.in get aion^ without any assistance." Su^nr Is banished from the table, butter is baiilshed from the plate. Tiiat liuiilly is put down ou rigid, yea, suirerf.ig economy, that the boy may go to college. Time passes on. t'Oinmeneemeiit Day has come. Think not that I mention an imaginary wise. <iod knows it happened. Commencement day lias come, and the professors Walk In on the stane In their long gowns. The Interest of the occasion is pas-dug on, and after a while it comes to a climax of'interest as the valedictorian is Introduced. Kd has studied so hard and worked so well tiiat lie has had the honor conferred upon him. There are rounds of applause, sometimes breaking into vociferation. It is a ureal, day for Kd. Hut away back in the galleries are iiis sisters in their plain hats and their faded shawls, and the old-fashioned father anil mother?dear inrj. sue iims not nir.i ti new liar, for six years; lie 1ms not liail a new coat, for six years?and tliey uet up hihI look over on the platform, anil tliey laugh, iiiul iliey cry. uni they sit down, anil they look pale, and then they are very much tlushed. lid gets the garlands. and the groiip, thu old-lashioncd goup in the gallery have their lull share of the triumph. They have made that, scene possible, and In ihc day when Go I shall more fully reward self-sacrl(Ices made for others. He will give grand and glorious recognition. "As his part is that liix'lhdown to thcbattle, so shall his part be that tarrleth by the stud'." There isgreat encouragement In thlssubjeot, also, for those who once wrought mightily for Christ and the Church, but through sickness, or collapse of fortune, or advanced years, canno:. now go to the front. These two hundred men of the text, they were veterans. Let that mail bare Ills arm and see how his in tl siries are torn. Let him pull aside the turban and see the marks of a battle-ax. Pull aside the coal.and see where the spear thrust him. Wou'd it have been fair tor those men, crippled, weak and old, by the brook Besor, to have no share in the spoils of triumph ? I was in the Soldiers'Hospital nt Paris, and I saw there some of the men of tlr-t Napoleon, and 1 asked them where they had foughl under their great commander. One man said. "I w.is at Austerlitz''; another man said, "I was at the Bridge of I.odi." Some ol them were lame; they were all aged. Did the French Government turn ofl those old soldiers to die in want? No; their last days were spent like princes. And do you think my liord Is going to turn oil'his old soldier.* because they are weak and worn, and be cause they fainted by the brook Besor? Art they going to get no part of the spoils o | victory ? .1 ust look at them. Do you tliinli | thosecrcvices in the faccare wrinkles? No; they are battle-seir*. They fought against J sickness, tliey fought against trouble, the> . fought against sin, they fought for God, tliej i fought for the Church, tliey fought for tin : truth, they fought for heaven. When tlse.v ! had plenty of money their names were al j ways on the subscription list When ther< I was hard work to be done for God they wcr< ready to take the heaviest part of it. When I there came a great revival tliey were ready u i pray all night for the anxious and the sin struck. Tliey were ready to do any work | endure any sacrillce, do the most unpopulai I thing that God deinandrd of tliein. IJtit now ' tliey cannot go further. Now they have pliysl ' '*:i I I ti fi-in Hies, now their hand trouble! j them. They are weak and taint l>y fcho brooli I Hesor. Are tlicy to have no sliure iti tin I triumph ? Are limy to net none of the tre.i?u< ! rtn, none of the spoils, of comment? Y'oi j must think that (,.'hr<t has a very shotj memory If you think Mi has forgotten thHi i services. Fret not, ye aged ones. Just iurrj i by the stud' and wait for your share of tin 'spoils. Yonder they are coming. 1 hear tin I bleating of the fat lambs, and I s.-c tlx j Jewels i;lint in the sun. Ii makes me laugl to think how you will be surprised wher they throw a chain of uold over your neck ; and tell you to iro In and drive with the King j I se-t you baekim: out because you feel un i worthy. The shining ones come up on om ; side, and the shin ins; ones come up 011 an ! other fide, and I hey push yon 011 and the: j pusli you up. and tViey say, here Is an old sol . dier of Jesus Christ," anil the shining one: will rush out toward you and say. "Yes. tha man s ived my soul!" or I hey will rush 011 and say, "Oh : ves, she was witii me in tin last sickness." "Come In, come in, come up come up; we saw you away do-.vn there, oh and sick and decrepit and discouraged be cause you could not go to the front, but 'ai his part is that, goeth down to the battle, s< '-' -'i i>-- *!..? ?t, K,. I sr. ill i in* [liiri, in: 11 I.I L iiiii.tui V|l ,?v ......... I There Is high consolation also In this for ministers. I sec some of them here to-day | They sit in pews in onr churches. The) i used tostand in pulpits. Their hair Is wliiti I with blossomsof the tree of life. Their name marked on tho roll of the (General Assembly I or of tho con vocal ion. "emeritus. ' Thei I sometimes hear a text announced whiel j Urines to mind a sermon they preachci lilt: I years ago on thatxime subject. They preuehei I more Gospel on SHW a year than some of thei 1 successors preach on Some Sunday tin | old minister is in a church, and m ar by it i another pew there isahusoand ami a win I and a row of children, and after the bcnedic ! tion the lady comes up says: "Doctor, yoi don't know me. <lo you?" "Well." he says, "Your fiieels funillar, tint I cannot call yoi I by inline." "Why," she says, "you b i ptlze I me, and you married me, and you huricl mi i father and in >! her mid sisters." "Oh, ye-i." hi i says, ' tuy eytMi;ilill.>a'i as ?.>'?d as it u.-cd t. i I.e." | They are In all onr churches?the heroes o 1S2'), the heroes of IK32, the heroes of IS57. 15; tin* lorn; i*rave irench that cut through hal I a century, they have been in more Haiaklavc: and have taken mure Sebastopols than y??i ever heanl of. Sometimes they pel a 1 itt!< j fre?fill, because theyi-annor.be at the front | They hear the sound of the battle, and tin i old war-horse champs his hit. 1'ut the fio,0 i > ministers of religion this man .standing in tin ; brant of the fray shall have no more roweri : than those retired veterans. "My father, mi I father, the chariots of Israel and the horscmei I thereof." "As his part is that uocih down H ! the battle, so shall hU part he lhat tarrieti ; by the stutr." Cheer up, men and women o j unappreciated services. You will net you j reward ; if not here, hereafter. When Charle 1 Wesley comes up to Judgment, and the thous anils of souls which were wafted into Rlori ; through his so'iirs shall he enumerated. In I win iiiivC ins inrone. i in n .m;.in u I conic np lojudgincnt, ami alter nls niiiuc lia 1 been n>cnt!<>ucd 111 connection with thesalva | lion of millions of souls brought to tin: through the Methodism which lie founded,In | will take his throng, (tut between the tw< j thrones of Charles Wesley and Jo!m Wesi'c.i j there will hcathruno higher than either, o i wlilch shall sitSu-amiah Wesley, who, wltli , the maternal consecration In kpworth lice ! tory, Lincolnshire, started the?e two sonls or . their triumphant mission of sermon am ; son;.' through all following age*. ()!i ! what : j day that will be for imtnv who rocked Christ. ian cradles with weary foot, and who patehcc 1 worn-out garments and darniMl socks, ami or. 1 of a small ni'ais made tlio children comfort j able lor the Winter ! What a day that, will l>< | for these to whom the world give the co t | shoulder.and called them nobodies, and b:> , Kindled tlicm the least recognition, and w!io 1 weary and worn and sick, fainted i>y tin ! l>rooit liesor! Oh! that will be a day, 1 : mighty day, when the Son of David shall dis I tribute among them the garlands, the crowns j thesccptres, tlio chariots, the throne^. Am I then it shall be found out that all who 01 j earth served Uod iu unconspieuoiissphorcsic ! ceiveJuntas much reward as Uioso who lillet the earth with uproar of achievement. Tln'i i they shall understand the height, tiie depth I the length, I he breadth, the pillared amldoine< j magnificence of my text: "As his part ii ithatgoeih down to I he battle,so shall ids par j be that tarrieth by the stuti." Tiie Cure of Consumption. I TUP cure 01 CmiMllII IHIKII I* IIUI IAJ tn: nwn^n in drills. A long and fruitless search ha | Iwen in progress for hundreds of years, am Is still going on. lo find a drug that, will cun I consumption. None lias been found, am j none ever will be found. Yet hundreds o ! persons have been cured of the disease?ini : always by physicians?often without any ak I (hindrance) from dnt.rs. The tlrst step in tin ! cure of the disease is the avoidance of tlx causes. 1'tircalr Is an Indispensable request te i .Many have been cured in an advanced stage o j the disease by passing most of their timeout (loot's, engaged in some light employment ; Tlit ruuxiiiiiji/uc most not allow n jrtrr of tin \ weather to keep him within doors." He mini ; protect, himself from the weather by suWclcnl ! clothing, and go out and keep out in nearij | all kinds of weather. Tho disease issorrv* ! fimnw itriosipiK urnl eonmtrat i ve health re tor I cd, when nearly one-hall' of one whole lun( i has hcen destroyed. Numerous eases might ! healvcn where recovery took place in a more j or less udvanecil stage of the disease. Oneot | two Instances must, suffice. Dr. James No;-' cum, of Kdenton.,X. C*. who hadheon serious i ly ill with the disease lor a year, was on thai account, in February, JSI.'J, discharged Irom his position as surgeon in a United Suites re.', intent. He then commenced the practice oi his profession,and contlnuc.1 loaitenu to in.' most laborious Unties of it at all times of the day and nk'ht, in rain, hail. snow, storm*, and suushinc. whenever ho was called, for eighteen months. Of his condition then in1 says: "At theend of that lime, I had lost my hectic fever, niulusweats, purulent exectoration, anil my cough had nearly left me; my chesthad rceovered Itscapauiiy of free and easy expansion, and tlie ulcers in my lum;.s were entirely healed." i>r. Norcutn levied till 1S.VI. when lie was killed hy an iiccldenL. Dr. Xoreuni related the case of a man who. b> riding leu miles a day on horseback in lsn?, was cured of consumption, and was free from tlie disease twenty years later. "A. I'," a lawyer-poet of some renown, a native ot New Kngland, was a sixth child. Ills parents had both died of consumption, and all his brothers and sisters, as I hey approehed theatre of twenty-one, paled away and tiled of the same disease. In Ills twentieth year lie bewail In grow feeble, and expecting the same fate as the rest of his family, he went to Arkansas, lived a hunter's life, eantped out for weeks and mont hs toicether, ami at the end of twenty years was in perfect health. Outdoor life, in elrrttlcrt mid dry riff ion*, is more beneficial than in damp locations. In the treatment of consumption, the improvement of the nutrition nf the body is very important. One reason why outdoor life proves the nutrition as well as purlllcs Die blood. Special attention. Is often reunited to insure thedlgestion and assimilation of fatty elements of food. fod-llver oil may be of much bcnetlt. being peculiarly well adapted by its composition to dlucst easily and atl'ord tile nutriment most needed In such cases The general nutrition of the body must receive coreful attention. The consumptive, If able to go about, should never ulve up and eon?.... i? Hi,. hniMi. Ills oii/u hone i.i ill tin outdoor life. Home Mailft Fertilizer. I live on the St. Mary's Hlver, writes Mr. \V. 1'. Home, of Darby vllle, Fin., to the Florida Aui iculturi.it, ami In the sumuier. after my crop Is made, ami not linvinii inurh t.0 ilo on the farm, I take my hoys ami rake up two or three hundred loads of top soil In the river swamp, anil haul it In my cow-pens and let the cattle trample it for six or eight weeks during August and September. In October I rake it up in large piles, say fiveor six ox cart Inads in a pile let It remain in piles until .l:inuary or February. About a month before I want to use it, I haul in a lot of railsamt m.-iko my pens ; I then set cotton semi, oyster shell lime and salt. I put In the pens a thin layer of the trampled soil or musk,a thin layer of cotton seed, then sprinkle on some salt, then lime. I continue these layers until I get say twenty-live loads of t lie muck in a pen. To a pen ot this size I put 1,000 pounds of cotton j seed, two bushels of salt and one barrel of lime and let It remain a month ; in that time the cotton seed Is all killed and ready to use. Haul it outon the laud at the rate of lltteen or twenty loads to the acre and put in drills on J any kind of crop, and I And 1L better than the j best stable manure, as this does not tire any: crop In dry weather, as the stable meiiurc Is, mostaptto do. [ have used tlie river muck without penning the cattle on it, by composting with cotton seed, sail, arid lime,and Unit It Is a splcnjdid manure. I llnd an acre well! manured is woith and will make more than two acres half fertilized. Tills is the reason I am so successful in farming, I feed my land well. The Idea is to make the land rich and keep It so. A great many people visit my farm and a>ik me, "How is It that you make so many crops on your land every year while, uthers only make one crop?'' This Is the. very reason, 1 keep the land rich by manuring. It Is Justus easy to' malic threo or four hundred dollais to the aerxas it is one hundred. We must use a little brains as well as muscle, and keep looking ahead and try to do 1 little more than Daddy did In his lifetime.! Now, Mr. Editor, If thenc few lines will only liclpone poor farmer I shall feel richly x,aill| for the trouble of writing it.- ; ?' - i __ COTTON TIES?TliE TARIFF. Speech of Hon. 1). Wyatt Aiken, of South Carolina, in tJio House of Representatives of the Uniled States Congress, Saturday, Eebruury 10, 18S3. The House being in Committee of the Whole, and having under consideration the bili (ti. 11 i.'li:)) to impost-duties upon lortlgn Imports, and for otiier pur poses? Mr. Aiken said: Mr. Cliitirman: I have been generally a silent and attentive listener to the discussion ui on the pending bill, and llitnlc I have learned many tacts which I desire here and .now to enumerate. If repeated assurances be facts, I have learned? Frst. That the whole country demands a revision of the turift'. i Second. That the revision must protect I labor, or the manufacturer's pocket will suti'er. I Third* That this revision must protect I the manufacturer's pocliot, or labor will unI doubteiily sutler. I Fourth, That HO per cent, of every manu] taetured article is labor. 1 Fifth. Tint 'J-> per cent, of the value of the : mauulacUm-d artlcie cues to the employer, wlillu in hit cent, aoes to labor. j hlxlli. That every man who favors protncj tion i.s imbued with the Idea that he possesses i superlative wisdom upon taritt' legislation, j anil thinks every man who (tillers with him I un as*. [Laughter.) A ml I re.spret in! I y sugsr?-?t that, the gentleman from l'enn->ylvanin JfMr. iSrunim) wiio has Just addres>ed tlic ] House is no exception tills laet. [Laughter. I Seventh. That t lie true friends of Democracy ] regaidif-ss of (iiliu? up gaps," ad\o::ate sueli ilarltr legislation as will raise ne.-cssarj I revenue and reduce taxation. j Kigiuh. That a majority of tho ltepubli I cans on this lloor, while clamoring for |>r(>tei:lion to labor, legislates the pro/its of labor in! to somebody else's pockets. [Laughter ani J applause on the iJemoer.it 1c sliie.J J Ninth. That If Uepublican statistics arc tc . he credited there are more men protected b> j the taritr than tiiero arc laborers in th( i United States. [Laughter.) M Tenth. Tliat if the business Interests ol I this country are disturbed and waiting for tlu i passage of this biil to compose them, the bust I ness men had better "throw up the sponge' ' and go to work. Klvcnth. That the graceful represcntatlvi ' of the seventieth Ohio district is an eieganl and persuasive orator, but he does not knou what a cotton-tie is. [Laughter.] I say, Mr. Chairman, that these seem to mi ' to be incontrovertible lacts, anil especially thi (last one enumerated. For the gentiemai: ?' from Ohio [Mr. MeKlnlcy) told us some day: ,[ago that a cotton-tic was a piecc of hoop-iroi 'jcut into a lengtii just long enough to g< . around a balo of cotton. I grant you, Mr , I Chairman, that this is the purpose of a cot : j ton-tie, but a piece of hoop-Iron of any lengtl ' I Is no more a cotton-tic than a steel blade is i !Jack-knife. The method of fastening the tw< [ j ends of the hoop-Iron together, known as : . ! a cotton-tie buckle, which received tiie pro ' | lection accorded all patents for twenty-oni years, enabled the Iron tie to supersede ropi r j in baling cotton, and the two together con , siitule what Is commercially known as tin , | cotton-tic, a wholly ditterent article of mauu ' I lacture from iioop-iron, which the Commute* _ On Ways and Means very well understood, o [ tbey never would have inserted in this bill i ; I paragraph levying a seperate duty on cotton ' ties, . The gentleman from Oiiio further said tin I Southern cotton-planter bought his ties at cents per pound and sold them at 10 cents pe 'I pound. lie appealed to the gentleman fron ,. Uhodi' Island [Mr. Chace) to corroborate 111 . tassertion. This Mr. Chance not only did, bu "! asserted the New Kngiand spinners cousumei ' i 1 ,!?-) ).UJO bales of Southern cotton, inclosed li 51-i),IOi),OJO pounds of bagging and tics, at Hi ' j lowest possible estimate costing the Southen ' I planter SI,tt-UHX), and sold by tliem, aeeordinj ,! to Mr. McKmlcy and Mr. Chace, to >>'e\ r j 1-jugiand spinners for i(},tW0,030 which tiles . j philanthropists giatuitousty transferred frou j i their po.-kets to the pocitets of tiie Youthen * cot ton-planters. Hut additional corroberatlui J testimony was needed, and tiie gentiemai [ 1 from Massachusetts [Mr. Crapoj was a wlilinj I ti-tiling He. with emniiasis aud almos Violently, asseverated that these l,'230,0u '; hales of cotton ''were Just rolled onto th 11 scales, weighed, and paid for." Wondcrfu ,; performance! "m\ Air. Chairman, If these declarations wcr .made from ignorance tliey excite iny j?rc I roundest commiseration. If they are th HI pioinpiliigsofimpudc-iice, they arc too Tardea I i eo be noticed, but 1 do here and now inos ,'! tmphaticail.v protest against that unknowi j i quantity?New England liberality?atlcmpl ' 11ui; ti> claim a shade of a shadow of a crcdi j lor a isbtlng In the most remote degree th . eotli.n-planters of the South In paying lb s their baggingand tie.-*. , Mr. v lialrman, standard bales of cottoi wtigh lour hundred and fifty, or live liun I dred pounds gross, and each bale has four, li v or six lies and live, six or seven yards of biijj ging around it. All cottons arc classified a "ordinary," "coo.I ordinary.'" "low middling, ''middling." "good middling," or "Orleans, j Ac. 'J he uulk of tie crop being "middlings, I that classification controls tiic price. Thrc , bales are shipped to Ijiverpool for every on ^consumed in this country, and hence th II Liverpool market regulates the New Yorl rl market, and New York market controls th j I New Eng.and or manufacturer's markel | [ Now suppose a ftiur-hundn d-aini-tlfty-pouni of middling cotton Is sold in Liverpool for . nence (or which is about the same, 10 cents j per pound. If there was no tare that bal ! would be worth $l">. I5ut there is a tare of I per cent., or twenty-seven pounds, and henc j ihe bale is sold as lour hundred and twenty three pounds, and is w.irih only ?I2.:5U. ! The iiandllng, Insurance, and frelghl ' amounting to porhnps liel ween Nev Yorl and Liverpool, dei'ucted from the net price t 1 the bale In Liverpool gives us Hi , | value of the bale in New York, "just rolled oi f lo the scales, weighed, and payed for." ai k | cording to the gentleman from Massachusetts - r ol:n?lnii 1/1 tnr<?. N'ow. 1 ; imi./i m,j .......? . u ask, Mr. Chairman, who pays for the twentj ? seven pounds of bagging and ties that eiive; u ' oped that hale ? J lint this is not all, sir. V.'hnn tills pystcri e was adopted of deducting a tixed perccntag I i for in re In Liverpool the cotton crop \v:i , ! wrapped in East India bagging, weighing ful i two and a quarter pounds per yard. To-da, ) English bagging that weighs less than on i! ana a half pounds per yard, and which Is sol ,fj to the cotton-pianler in rolls of IIfly and on ~ j hundred \ ards each, every roll of which whci s; measured at the gin-house falls short Iron . j one to three yards And the tics too. are in ; j voiced at forty bundles lo the English ton i>,'and I doubt if any planter ever found lifij ['six pounds In a Int;.die. I never found one t .' wt Igh over fifty pounds, and 1 have weiirhei .; hundreds. And yet. sir, tlie tare is the sain I as when the East India bagging was usee >; See l.ow tli" cotton-planter Is llcpeed. >i .Mr. Chairman, the history ol tlic cotton-tl , is an intcrestins one. The tie with It )j "buckle" was patented for fourteen year i about the year I.V>7. In ISVi a few hundre . 1 bundles were distributed throughout th i! South, but reluelantly used by the farmer 1 j Anterior to Islil they had not entirely supei i j seded the rope for baling cotton. During th . war but little cotton was crown. And alte I the war the paten ice, a Mr. Cook, of Xei II Orleans, unable to introduce his patent, sol .;it fiir J.i.O'H) to an English company provide f.; they would employ lilin during the lifetim 1 of the patent as their uucutat S-l.lhn) a yeai . ; For a few years lies sold at about U cents , j pound, which was not considered extravsi ? gant. us cotton brought very reinuncraliv i! prices and everything bought by thecottou . planter was proporti inately high priced. i i- i.-i u-i ii.? ,,,,11.111 oviiln>il. jin iAmerican manufacturers nro tested against ai i! extension, lint Cook applied ami received ai .! extension, and upon the Mime conditions sol 1 {tilnieioir iittd patent- to this English com pan i j lor the sloven year's term of the extensior , j Meantime American manufacturers ereete i; tliuir works and began to manufacture cotton s ties, substituting a dUierent kind of fusteuln ?j or "buckle." The courts were resorted to b; j ilie patentee for protection, suits for infringe meul were instituted, and in every ease ; verdict was rendered in favor of Cook or lb j English company, Hie courts deciding that hi t, or lheir buckle covered every variety c fastening that had been invented. Mes?r? 1; Heard If rot hers, cotton-tic manufacturers o j j Louiaville, Kentucky, were mulcted to th j1 amount of J.'KJ.OtJO, ft The extended patent expired In 1S7S or 1871 t, and l'ook applied to ('ongic.s for a second ex | I tension, upon the ground that the war hai ?I consumed live yeais of the life of bis palen ?( and prevented its introduction. Theextensloi . J was denied, and at. once the price of cotton f, lies was materially reduced. .1 Anterior to l>T9 cotton-ties were lmportei under a duty of :t5 per cent, ad valorem. Ii ; the fall of 1*79. or early In isso, tiie secretar; t, i of the Treasury ruled that the lie was simplj i I hoop-Iron and must pay the duty paid oi i hoop-iron. The ruling continued but for i . I season, or perhaps two, and. as there were n< . ies of any consequence in imifactu red ii j, his country, the additional duty was simp!; ,' added as an enhanced price to the tie, ntid tin j cotton-planter was foiccd to pay a highe price for his ties, which lie was compelled t< . jiniy. for the insurance companies and rail .'roads had positively inhibited the baling o l!cotton with rope by this time. At once tin j hoop-iron manufactories of the United State: began to make cotton-ties, and compete* f with the foreign manufacturers, hut did not > reduce the price to the cotton-planter. In i i short while the decision of the St cretnry o n>? ?? I'roio some cause reversed Imill tics were admitted >it :ti percent, m [valorem. Ai once the Aiiu'rh-an manuf.ietu j I'its closed tip I tie tniik lilt: of ties, and con I tinned tlie iminnlucture of hoo|>-lron, wliiel jp-ild them fur lietlcr, ns the la rid' was com paratlvely prohibitory. ; | Ii <mii not be said, Air. Chnlrnmn, that tliesi i manufacturers ceased making ties beeaust | they \v? re driven out of the market by "tin | pauper labor of Einrlnnd," for In JSni) there {were six of these cotton-lie niauutnctories in | Hie United States, with a "plain" of &70.5UU ' employing Km men ami '!! children, to whom they paid during the year ?."5S,lMi!) in wanes. They purchased sITU.lM worth of material,and pl.iceU upon tlie market, worth of ties, ill' we in Id liie material purcuaseu iu uu : wages paid and deducted that amount from the product, we luivi; ?51,0*1 as the Income j from an 111 vest men L of $70,500. If froin this I gioss income we deduct four-fifths of Itself for insurance, salaries, wear and tear of material, depreciation of property, high living, and I general stealage, there still remains an annual income of over 1"? percent, upon the Investment. No, Mr. Chairman, tlieso cotton-tie manufacturers simply shifted their labor I from ties to hoop-Iron, because the latter under a prohibitory duty paid better. This l.s proven by the tables furnished us by the ! Committee on Ways and Means, and if you j will consult them you will learn that dining . the tlscal year ending June oO, I>J?2, there were j imported of all the varieties of hoop, scroll, and baud Iron only 4,010,Kto pounds, paying a I duty of only S0I,S72,SO, while there were l.'i,| i:il,-_72 pounds of cotton-tics imported, which , paid a duly of S2(W,.?7.0S, and over l,ti(K),n00 j pounds of these were, for some reason unj known to me, subjected to a duty of 1,'j cents per pound. | Mr. Chairman, we frequenilj hear Infant Industries spoken of this debate. 1 >i?l it ever Ioccurto jou,sir, that there are few younger I Industries in, the United States then that of growing cotton with free labor? Hut, sir, while the southern cotton-planter was strugglint: along on the very verge of de.-i>air lie : never for a moment entertained the Idea of appealing to the General Government for a id or bounties. With indomitable energy and pluck he battled against (toverment taxation, disorganized labor, Kimllsh protection to I'.'ast nulla cotton, and thousands of obstacles onlvkiioirn tohimself. until todav lie produces ; the coil I rolling cotton crop of the world, ills example I respectfully commend to I lie iimnufiiclurers of I lie United Slates, who have grown futon public papain! arc now attempting to levy a tax upon the swaddling bandages of tins Infant king, w ho for several years was our only creditor in the foreign markets of the world. "The wages paid to American labor" Is the vaunting shibboleth of tiie American manufacturer. Sir, the wages paid the cotton-field laborer in many portions of my State, and in all the cotton Slates (o a certain degree, are j one-half the gross products of their annual toll. Where can you point me toan American manufacturer who would submit to ills laborers claiming as their justly earned wag<'s a portion of the products of Iheir own daily toil'.' Show me, Mr Chairman,such ainanu-j tiicturiug firm and I with pride boast of them j as noble, patriotic, laborprotceliug American | citizens, sir, such citizens arc not to be; found, for we all know that the cry of pro-1 lectin# American labor simply means giving l all the profits of labor to the employer, while, the employe works for a. state! sum, let tlie proiltsbc in I've or small. "Ninety per cent. Is labor," another protective liourNh. Tell me. Mr. Chairman, if you can, how much labor there Is iu a bale of cotton ? If it is not all labor, what portion or how much Is r.ot labor? Sir, if I understand the multiplication tatde, every bale of cotton offered lor sale by a farmer since t tie 1st day of January, 1XKI, contained I in per cent, of labor, for 1 feel warranted in saying it cost him 10 per cent, mora to make it then here - / i ???mmmmmj celvod for It In ranrhct. Therefore, sir, In-1 Stead of taxing this labor more heavily I j would roll,.*ve It by legislation of some of It* . multlfarlousoppres-ilons, and I know of uu: I point ut which to bej.*iu better than by pluc-1 ! cotton-ties on the ficellsl. By so doing no] | American Industry uou'.d bo Injured, our ! surplus revenue would be decreased,and irt?>or j I would bo iCtvai'ded. [Applause ou the Ueuio-1 ratio side.J - | Henry Ward Bcecher. It Is quite fashionable for very religions j j people to abuse Beeolier because he doi? not i come up to their orthodox views and work,! ! or rather go sprawling around, on (heir Iheoi logical plane. Such people get their opinions j | or rather prejudices, from some partial report | I of u sermon, or n lecture, often prevented by the obtuseness or malice of a reporter. For our readers who wish to know what he has to say about himself slid his work, the following extract is published from the "Golden Net," a sermon pleached last October, and published J in the 1'li/mouth Pulpit: This month completes the thlrt.v-flfth year in which I have been the pastor of this church. I came here on the third of October, lxff. I I have not. cnangeu u uncut my direction rroin ! tliat lime to tills. 1 have udopted no new tilings ol' which I li-ul not Mime conception or outline In my mind when I came here. I think I con hi reconstruct one-half of my sermons that I preached thirty-five yeur* ago, .: and s.>y that I believe them .still; and of the ; other half, poor as they arc, and imperfect, I | helleve that always 1 was attempting to '| preach a truth that had In It the power ! of God for the salvation of men's souls. Nobody can put a lower estimate of his ,! ministry than I put upon mine. It is very jj little to iiu what men think about it It may .; lie pleasant In a social way, but I am not to , [ be judged by being compared with other men: . il am to be judged by being compared with | God and his purpose; I am to be judged by . being compared with the greatness of the . work to which I have been called. When I . think of the Imperfection of my ministry in [ j the hearts of men, and in bringing a more glorious aspect of God Into human life and (| experience, I can put my hands upon my Hps, j and my lips In the dust, ami cry, "Unclean. .I unclean: God be merciful to me a Eiuuer;" but before God I can rise up and say, "Lord f God Almighty, thou knowest that I have 1 tried to do rl(jht." I have never preached . what I did not believe. I have never usked ' myself whether to preach a truth that I did believe would be unpopular or popular. I > have never been afraid of men, though 1 have t been airald of God, as a child Is afraid of one f that he loves : ar.d the whole conception that I have had of life has been to serve my fellow > men. In the day when men despl.-ud the , I poor and needy, who were dumb, and could \ not plead their own cause, I was more than 4 willing, I was Inexpressibly grateful to God, , that I was pcrmllted to stand up for the j i slave, and to plead for him. and not to lorsake | htm, until God In the majesty of his rcvolu* tlous nave him liberty. Nowhere has any , body of men, of our kindred or of forelun l| lands, striven for a higher level and a nobler j life, that my heart and my prayers have not x i gone out to ihein. I have not courted popuJlarity. I like It when 1 get it; but it has got ?| to come to me. I have attempted all my. life i; long to take the part of lh?ue that had no deI j fender ; and I have done It. * L> | In all the matters of my own church I have .. constantly sought one thing?to reproduce as 2: far as 1 am able lineaments of the Lord Jesus r I Christ in your hearts. Ye are my witnesses, j.11 apneal faithfully to you, and fearlessly. . i whether I have at tempted to carry you away j to novelty. I have boldly preached what 01 ever new truths came to me that I thought 4I would make you belter. I have done It, and r; shall do II again. I am not afraid that you , | will leave me; but If you shoud, if the duy s 1 should come when I could not avail myself of t! every relation of God in nature, In history .or j i In science, or In any direction, if the day ! I should come when they would not hear nor f ?rhear, I should say, "Sly work Is done, my a ! harvest is gathered, iny life Is lived, let me go ,, i home." I fear no such result; hilt lit the J i wor d'y contentions and the marvelous rcvelcei lions ot the newspapers, so much Is floating ,i! around uhout my heresies, which Is calculated , | to disturb your minds and make you oneway, g I that I have thought it beat, on the lirst Sabi) bath morning of my returning, to say to you g that I have not chanted. I have not run off t, with new heresies outside of the sanctuary of <jjGo:l. 1 believe In th? Lord Jesus Christ with ?> I a 11 my heart and soul ns my Savior and my 1; hope of everlasting life. I believe In bim so | that life itself Is stained through and through e; to me with .Jesus Christ. No Mower blossoms, no pine stretches itself higher towards heaven c! Irom the mountain, no cloud sails in the air, 1 there is nothing In the field, and nothing in ;t j summer or winter, that Is not ol God to trie, u I an atheist? Then there Is no God. I a L.! lnatcrlalist,?who look upon the whole material nlooe as being in the handwriting ol e|my God and my Savior? I heretical,?who r;um doing the very thing ftir which Christ gave his lite,?trying to save men?and who u use these things merely as instrumental in j doing it! (io. ye that Imve lived In a cold e j philosophy, and cannot understand how a r. i man may turn on every side to find truth as 'M in a torest he looks every side for sticks of " ] timber with which to build his house. Every > ! minister ought to turn to every gleam of light ?jto sec If there is not some Instrument by u; which he can hetler touch the hearts of men. u j I hold myself subject to the authority of r.o ? ' council?God forbid ! I am subject to the auc j thority of no association. It Is their right to gijudsie whether they like me or not; but they I < cannot full tno before them, nor try me. nor j sentence inc. I have no fear of their doing if. 5 liui to you I hold myself subject. I am aci cording to tha (.'ongrcgatlonal doetrlncs, btit g an elder brother in t his household; and when <> this household shall suV "You have ceased to e j teach your children aright, you have obscured .. the way between us and heaven." before tlint sentence I shall bow and go forth; but not to seel; sonic otuer field?at least to hinder your I procuring one who should be more lit In the il ministry of Jesus Christ. e Although I speak such things, I speak them n not to put you to shame, norrtsone thai fears .. any such tliinsr. If there ever wes a ehtireh I that dwelt together In love, one wllh another, j this is that church: and If ever there has .. been a church in which the pulpit and the [. pew ran Into each other and were one, tills Is that church I have been nourished by your ? love and sympathy. How much I love you, I L.; had altnost|s?id God himselfdid not. know. We s have been warmed in a life and in a love II | which I think sh/ll so on until 1 meet you .. | beyond. Oh,the meeting of tlie taughtand p j the tcaehcr! Oh, the Joy of the many I exj j peel to meet! Many I shall meet of you. t.! Many I shall m<>et whom I never expected to n see; lor as it was with htm ol old?Baxter? ? | who said tiierc were three tiilmrs which would j surprise liim in heaven, so It may be with ! itne: the tlrst was that there were so many I;tl ere whim lie did not expect to see; the next : was that so many were not there that he j thought would l)e : tlm last o( ail was that be c | himself should be there. I expeet to see you I i I expect to see with you your ehi'dran whom ' i God will gKe to your faith an I fidelity, and I c | expect to sre thousandsa ml thousands whom s; I have never seen in the flesh, but whom it ^! has pleased God to bless thiough the minis, j ttation of that word which has gono forth e, from this place. I have sought to render yon, s !according to the measure of my power. 111 -1 j disciples of the I.ord Jesus Christ: and In that ? work I have not scrupled to dI tier or agree r with any other. I have taken truth from thr Catholic Church when I found It to be better |i1 than I could find in the Protestant. I have II spoken well of all denominations in so far a* ? I they were laboring wisely for Christ. I have r | refused to recognize the difference between ?; sects. Being God's man and man's man, ' wherever God felt compassion and labored for p t men, there I have felt bound to do the same; . I iilld wncrever men nave gaumrcu m "I mime, laborlnir for tlie cause of Chrst, I have .1! been in their midst, in sympathy, and as out ...of them; nurl this I slin.lt continue to ho and _ j to do until niy short probation is over. Then, .1: disengaged irom every hindrance, f.oi.. every .. sin that doth so easily bc?et us, and clothed , with glory and Immortality, yon, and I, and j thousands, will how down before Ilim wbG . loved as and gave himself for us. y i 11! H * -A 0 a s 3 'r| ^ * B v l' ' ^ ^ /TK 'k O rl ?? ), | ( > M *H si a ? y o ii I: n * ' a g V ? a: A S 0 ?! m '! W -a >Z w n ? g > H 0 '! 43 ? 2' 2 f W 2 ? :! 3 3 Q vi fj & s & m ? i S ?^ ? & : _rs *? o ?* a ; T3 .2 ? k 5 ! fi M ? K i '; fil - a ^ ^ l to H f ' 11 a A 2 :i ? IS 3 g i IS J * ? 5 1 H a ii "CJ o g k" = 9? O g . K ;| CO ? s S" P ij w * 11 \ a J bo K w Snd ? ^ ^ m ? jfiN a a> rH ' ! Js rt Ph > ^ I fe l > s g Jg sw t, M ! 7**5 ? - ? ^ vsr M q ^ rf 2^0 d 3 H w h w ? m ! ? b .? I M w = ? i q a r? i | ! i o ? W I i i SAVE MONEY! SAVEHOMEY! ? nAVIXti withdrawn .-ill nancies and placed our business <-it a strictly cash , I liasis. TJIMKKHY SAVIXCi AO KN'l.s' t O.M-, I MISSIONS A\!> L(ISSKS ]IY HAI> DEIJ'i'S, ! wo are enabled lii sell our well known tcrtiliI/.i-rs. viz: Wilcox, Clldx-s .V Co s Manipulated Ouano, Wilcox, (iililics A Co's Super-' phosphate (iireel to fa."iucis and merchants !iit VKKY I.oW I'lUCHS h.v the single toil, ear load, or large <jt>:>utity for tlie cash. , ?!LCOX, CISJIIF.S & CO., ! Charleston, S. C. Savannah, Gn. { Jan. 17, Ks... if j Ssfe; Ms! Sciiool Bceks!. i II' K are lust in receipt of a Inrjro slock of ' ?> all Kinds of sciiool, HOOKS. H. W. LAWSON & CO., Abbeville, S. C. ! i-\b. ism, tf ????1 m i 111 ii 11ii 11111? 111 ii?n?? miilnmniM^ DR. F. F. GARY H* AS moved to Abbeville for tbo practice 01 medicine, nnd otters his professional services to ilie public. Call* c!uri 11 u the day innv be luftatthfl of floe or Co!. Kugenu B. (Jury or at ihe formei residence of Judge McGotvau, now occupied by l?r. <inry. Jan. ul, isA'3,12m Boots and Shoes, Har ness and Tanyard. BEST material used, flue workmen emplo, ed, custom work made promptly, and n tlie lowest bottom prices for ciisb. Hides nl ways bought at the highest mitrket price fo : cash or In exchange for leather or work; January 28. 18S0, ly. WM. II. PARKER \V: C. McOOWAN. PARKER & MeGOWAJ ATTORNEYS AND SOLICITORS, ABBEVILLE, C. H., S. C. | i\' ILL practice also In the Circuit Court*< i V ? ilie L'nitcd States, for South Carolina* Jail 7. IHSI). tf . ! W. J. ROGERS, I : - Merchandise Broker, ! Dealer in grain, flour, meai HAY, BRAN AND GROCERIES. A i communications either by wire or mall at iswered promptly. .J. D. ROGERS will attfs to cilice buslines when I am absent. W. J. ROGERS. Jan. 10,1882, ly * State of South Carolint Abbeville County. 4 COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.; ;The West Point Engine and Machine Oon pany, 1'lalntllT, i against J; W*. Wells, Defendant. Copy Summons. For Relief. Complaint Bern To the Defendant J. W. Wells? YOU nre hereby summoned and required 1 answer the complain In this action,* which a copy is herewith served upon yo nnd to serve a copy of your answer to U k.iId complaint on the subscribers ut their < Hue at Abbeville C. II., S. C.t within tweni days after the eefvJuc hereof, exclusive of U day ot such service: and If you fall to nnsw the complaint within tlx; time aforesaid,tl plalntili In this action will apply to theCou ' lor the relief demanded In the oompIalDt. I Dated January 27, A. D. 1883. ! nt /? vrifir t.m> n n o / r o v | *vi. u. \xj. o.J BEXET. RICE <fe 8M1TU, llalnlliT's Attorneys ! To J. W. Wells, absent defendant? I Take notiee that u summons of vrh'ch t I above Is ft copy has this day been filed. wl i complaint in the ofllce of the Clerk of t Court of Common Plena for Abbeville count BEXET, RICE & SMITH, Plaintiff's Attorneys Jan. 31, 1883, tf Stale of South Carolin Abbeville County. IN THE PROBATE COURT. > In the matter of the estate of Gallic IT. Clin scales.?Petition for Settlement. \] OTICE Is hereby given that John A. Rr n i?i>on, guardian of faille 11. CllnksciU has applied to this Court for a discharge frc bin trust; It is ordered,that Friday, tlie 9th day March, be llxtd us the time lor settling U estate ui.d discharging the guardian. J. FULLER LYON, ' Judge Probate Ctorl Feb. 7,1SH3, -It State of South Carolin ' - ^ Abbeville County. IX THE PROBATE COURT. Ex parte John A. Brooke, GunrcItgD John a.id 2>aucy Purs.ey. Minors. Petition fur Settlement and Discharge. V] OTICE W hereby given that John ll Brooks, Guardian has applied for sett ment and discharge In the mutter of the tales ot John C. and Nuiiey Pur-ley, Mine it Is ordered that ^aiurtlay, the loth of Man < be iix^d for said settlement and discharge. J. FULLER LYOiN, . Judge Probut?s Courl T Hifri At ' < jtate oi' >Soutli (Jai'oliri Abbeville County. IN THE PROBATE COURT. In the matter of ttie estate of \V. N. BJa Dt ceased. \Y. K. Blake afid H. M. Blake, Executors ( Petitioner*. Petition for Settlement and Discharge. vrOTICE is hereby given thnt the ah< il ntuned Exemiors of the estate of W. . Miake. dcivnsed, have applied for tcttlem an<l distil urge. It Ih ordered, that Monday, the ?d day Apiil n^xf.be Used for sakJ settlement \ Jischargo as prayed for. J. FULLER LYON, Judge Probate Coui Feb. 7,1SS3, tf Buggy Cushions. JUST received a Job lot of Bugey and ( rim:e Cushions, which will ho sold v i low lor cash at the /irVnrWATT Xi T? nAO TTA T> V ' I 'K'BE'GGS( AgJi ! Jan. 17, iSSn, tt mrm STOND! STOKO! STON f A CID PHOSPHATES AND GUANO. r\ tried and trusted friend of tlie Farm See nlgli analysis and buy of HEX J. S. BARNWELL, Agei , Jnn. 17, lfV'2,2m CUNNINGHAM AND TEMFLETOl -HAVE DECEIVED THEIR- B Spring- StocM ?and arc prepared to serve the publlc-H DRY GOODi CROCKERY, I GROCERIES! CAPS, BOOTS yj April 5,1SS2. tf Im iState of Soulii ('arolil Abbeville County. I COURT OF PROBATE. H M. O. Zclsler, ns Administrator, Plait^H I against Elllek Robertson, Eliza Rohert^H 1 i01.ry Robertson and Eliza Robertson^H fendanis. ! sumnioiiB for Relief. (Complaint notSer^H To the Defendant*above named, whonn^H I sent from the Slate: V; OU are hereby summoned and requln^H answer U.e complaint in this actlo^H will el i a copy is tiled in (he Probate Ci^^B and to serve a copy ol your answer to the^H complaint on the subscriber at his otllc^H Abbeville C. II.. !S. C., within twenty doy^H t"r the service hereof, exclusive of the d^^H such service; and if you fail to auswej^^l eoinplaint within the time aforcsalcE^Hj plalntlir in this action will apply totheC^H for the relief demanded in the complolut^H lJated Dee. -ti. 1S6J. _^H| J. FULLER LYON^H Judge Probate Cot^H Dee. 27,18S2, tt Tinner Wanted. H A OODI) Journeyman Tinner canget^H A by application to II. W. LWVSON & ( ? Abbeville, S. C., Dec. 27,1S.S2. BH DIVISION OF TEHRITOI Ot TICK OK County COMMISSIONER^^! Ahhkvii.lf. C. H., Jan. 2. l^H AT a meeting of the Iioard, the follo^^H ItvlJ^n ol' torHlnff wuit imwla (.?. M. Mattlson?Cokesbury Townshlp.^Bl Donaldsvll'c Townshl^^B J me West Township. |^H Jilamond Hill Townsh^^fl Magnolia Township. 1 ,ow nil es v 11 le Tow nsh^^H W.T. Cowan? I.ongCune Township. Abbeville Township. Calhoun's Mills Towu^^H Cedar Springs Townsli^^H Smttlivlllc Township. J. It. Bullock? Ninety-Six Township.^^B (ireenwood Townshlp^^H \\ hite Hall Tmvnshlp^^H Indian HIM Townshlp^^H Bordeaux Township. The Supervisors now serving will rcpo^HS nnee (o the County Commissioners, whd^H they will eontmue to serve for the pr^^H year. By order of rlie Board. JAMES C. KLUGH, ClerH Jan. 3,lSSft, 'Jt A CAR LOAD OF STAND? COOKING STOVEM rO arrive next week. Will he sold lo^^H tash or on litue to responsible partle^^H A. J. SPROLES &6R0..H Greenwood, S. Feb. 7, lS-3,3m HH