Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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flie Press and Banner. ......;r_r=J fir TJA,ViI<0IT. T. V.".'l:\TT. i XT'/*i > o* t CC "* | ? f ^ ^* -* w "? ? tv _J J v / ^ J Av' | ?> W 0 /?? i I KliO.Vil'U^O is i'oSYt'!*. Tr.o |V! i:npo;::;n! fpiesJion \\!ii:-lt is 1 >( ,1 j;i t!ii*i campaign is that i>]' ;lie ?*i:ivcr?ity. That an invlitiuion ol this l.ind should meet with opposition. iVoisi a"v portion of tl:rt pen >]? . of South ! ' ' * Carolina lean-; lis to impure into the 1110- J Jive on their part for an i:npli"d desire toj " nvor our civ<t, and to t;'.!;o an interior stand anion;* the States of the I'nion. i -- :it! ! "no J ? >[! " ! '. in > ? ? V . .. ( important influence in l!;o counsels of tfie j country, OM'fj.i tliron.u:, the dr'vclopmenl; <f tho mental farnliies <?f its citizens.! AN"it I> this l ift a/knowledged, as none ran ?'t nv it, wo <!:? n'-t roe why there should l lo a desire on t!:c pari of any citizen to close tho University. While we are dis-1 ?v:*.i:-iu.^c ourselves in tho ovos of an intolJ'.^ent world by quarreling about a pemi-i rious appropriation for higher education,; Northern philanthropists are making the most liiieral contributions of their money to educate our colored people. Recently j < i)o citizen of t!:o North gave a million dollars tor this purpose. It then, we: should sit still, close our University, and j tillow these people to outstrip us in education, the white people of the South will' 1 to put forever under negro rule. It is' only by oar superior education that we govern South Carolina to-day. Let the negroes attain half our education, and with their larce majorities, they will t.iKej chargc of the Stale. It is rij;ht and proper that tiic different j ( (nominations should have their C'ol-j lege;?. It is at these institutions that tlieir 3 t preachers are educated. But this in not May excuses the Siute from its duty toj iho citizens of tlio Commonwealth, j "While the Church is educating its mom-1 liership for preachers, the Slate should educate her citizenship for all the varied and useful pursuits of life. The State it- [ self needs the services of men of eminent learning ami the greatest mental development. The great need of tiie South i >-day is Statesmen. We need them in every county, in every State, and in the' Halls of Congress. It is as much to tire present superior education and ability of the Northern Statesmen as to their stipe-1 rior numbers, that we are oppressed - i v. Some oeoolc talk to the tax-paver as to the expense. Of the seven thousand lax- | payers in this county, we presumo there; jire not five hundred who contribute as | much as ton cents, and there are over five j thousand who do not contribute as much | nr 'the value of a chew of good tobacco, i The poor people get an equal advantage i of the school money?no matter whether! il is applied t*> the common schools or to! ? he State University?and yet nearly all; the tax is paid by old people, corpora- j lions, and business firuis who have no! children to educate. Would a man then sacrifice the pride of his State for a chew i of tobacco, or even for ten cents? The State of Virginia has a splendid University. Virginia is said to bo thej another of Presidents and (he native place ; o:' Statesmen. Virginia has the finest de- j nominational Colleges in the world. Put! -uM forts together, and form your] own conclusions. We ask the candid reader to consider j well before lie concludes to cast a vote lor! {South Carolina's degradation. That the; closing of the Sou lb Carolina University would bo a disgrace to our intelligence, a stab to our State pride, and a fatal blow to our national political aspirations, we presume none will deny. Will the sol-. ?licr who fought four years to sustain [ Mouth Carolina's honor in a lil'e-struggle, j now willingly cast a blot on the fair cs- j cutfiheon of his native State? Header, diil the reason for objecting to the establishment of a first-class college, j ever occur to you ? Kefiect only a irio-| incut. We know that you have discern- i inent enough to see it. Seeing it, you will not forget that the State wants educated men. Could not the denominational Colleges v/hich are lighting the University with such unrelenting ferocity, be justly termed ungrateful beneficiaries of! Iho State? By our laws all their splendid properties and their large endowments are exempted from taxes. Olore than this. In compliance with a mandate of the same Constitution which (guarantees so much to the religious Col-' Jc*?es, the Legislature of South Carolina! iias opined the State University, where| the young men of the Stale may rcceivej, the highest education free of tuition. More! than this. The Stato has erected and owns large mess halls, which these samej students who are educated free of tui-j lion, may occupy free of rent. , The only j' cost to the student bein<; the board, which i can be hiade more or less, according toj' 1-:.- -in:.,, .. r\i* 1.;?! to! 1113 UUItikJ ivy po , u. ~ -- ------ -- . f.ire sumptuously or sparsely. Jsiiice it has been ascertained that the! intelligence and manhood of proud old j Abbeville is almost a unit for the prcser+ation of tbc State University, and the' observance ?>f a proper regard for the ol>- j iigations which the State owes to its citi-| zens, somo of our people are opposed to| the University on principle. Principle? j On tlie principle, wo presume, that South Carolina ought to take a lower stand in | the Union, than that which she assumed j1 and maintained in the past. If that is! tho principle, we cannot s<e how any j Juan who loves his Stale, or who intends'1 to educate his son, or who is willing for 1 liia neighbor'8 son to bo educated, can get;: liis consent to do so foolish a tiling as to , vote against the University. Will any j true son of South Carolina vote a blot upon her fair fame? ?? ?> ?? The Work Goes Bravely On. The campaign progresses, and our poo- j pic generally arc taking more interest in ' the election than might have been expected at one time. One noticeable feature in J this canvass, which is for the better, is | the growth ol'# independent thought, and nn increasing disposition on tho part of! voters, to let their ballots be the true re-1 flection of their own wishes. Wc now! hear nothing of cross-roathj politicians r controlling fifty, seventy-live, or ;i hundred votes. We believe that our people are beginning to think and act for them-j helves, and ill .so doing thoy lift them-' selves above "dumb-driven cattle." It is in reality an insult, for one man to presume to control, or tjade upon, (mother's ??rtb-right. We trust that every man may vote according to the convictions of Ins own conscience, and not according to the dictates of a neighbor who may be wiling to undertake to do the thinking and voting for a whole neighborhood. A fair and au honest count at the election is the next thing of importance,and every club' should take every precaution necessary i to secure the true vote. To do this, it { would seem that the primaries should be! ' conducted with the same solemnity as' that of a general election. There are two candidates for Senator. Let the County Democratic Club, or the local clubs, see to it that both candidates are represented 111 the managers of each box. This will secure a fair election, and under a system J of this kind, each candidate will be bound to abide by the result, without the chance of the thought of unfairness. It should be considered dishonorable to cheat in the primaries, where only friends and 1 neighbors enter a contest in generous ri Valry. If managers of election ave appointed as indicated, and carefully k-?pt poll lists are preserved there can be room for any dissatisfaction which cannot be rectified. ? . ^ As Usnal. The Union Times furnishes a local no-: tice giving the particulars of the killing of a ferocious negro in that couutv last week. As usual he rushing on a - quiet and inoffensive white man, whoj felt authorized to shoot and kill. As a matter of economy in the matter of com -; position, that part of the story which relates to the threatening attitude of the nogro might bo left out, in any future no-' tiees of similar occurrences, as wo all know that every deceased nesrro does ti.o name thing, with only the slightest variation in the recital ol iho fact.- j .apuaiwiocjia'cyp iauw mum Arc the Denominational Colleges Ex-! euipt from Taxation ? Siiv? !lio enemies of l.i^Isi'r oJu^fion | :'!'v war uii the ci.j.iroprinii:.'n '.u, ih<'i'M'.i.-Uitive.siiv, it may ;;<>t l?oar:s?--stt?' -i"'iC s;?.:c L'tivuiiiO' us t'.? J he t;Xil/:Cj -tiiiii.-j oi h'th the- d'.'iicrnina'.iosjnl <. <?!-j icges and ike endowments fjr tin sou- J i?jrt. Wo wish it disiin-tiy understood, that we are friendly U?o\erv college in the j Slate, but the moment any one of those j colleges or their representatives, under- j take to light the appropriation to the! State University, we shall claim the right <o t ike part in the warfare. We may strike back if tliey aim a blow at the! State institution, which, with as tinea li-j brasy rs there is in the S:iu'.ii, is now, open to our hoys/Vcc of Initio>>. As IV. I'urntan has openly declared his enmity j to the State University, we shall speak j. nsere particularly <?f Furman University j at (!reen villi*. AS we understand it, tiiat! institution has elegant btrldings on soinoj of the most desirable retd estate in the: town of (Jreenville, and to support that institution of learning the Trustees have, a large endowment fund? aggregating in \ money and property perhaps j Our* it Hat niYHH'i-u* nav taxes? We! think not? If not, why does it not do! so? In the Constitution nf the Slate, wc titid the following words: "AIM". IX. Si:c. 5. 11shall bo tho duty , of the (i^neral Assembly to enact ln\Vs for the exemption from taxation of all1 public schools, colleges and institutions of learning.'' In compliance with this requirement oft tho Constitution, we find in the Keviscdi Statues the following words in Chapter! XII. St:c. 0; The following property shall be exempt! fr mi taxation, to wit: 1st. All public schools,and tho grounds: :-..i i? ?v-,i. itiir, in an'v case, three acres. 2.1. All houses u$ed exclusively for| public worship, the hooks and furniture j therein, ami the ground actually occupied ! l.y them, not vxceeding, in an}' ease, two! acres. 3d. All incorporated public Colleges, j academies, and institutions of learning, j with the funds provided for their sup-! port, and the grounds and buildings act- j uallv occupied by them, and not used with a view to pecuniary prolit; but this provisirn shall not extend to leasehold estates held bv others under the authority j of any college or other institution ofi learning. 4th. All real and personal property, the; rents, issue*, incomes and profits of' which have been or shall be given to any city, town, village, school district or subdistrict in this State, exclusively for thCi endowment or support of public schools' therein, so long as such property, or the' rents, issues, incomes or profits thereof' shall be used or applied exclusively for t the support of frt-.c education in said j schools, by such city, town, village, district or sub-district. The question now is, is a denominat inn?tl r>r>lln<rn ? n u I.lit* f.nl 1 Orrp 9 WVtllink it perfectly clear that such a college is not in an}' sense of the word a public institution, and under no circumstances is an institution of this kind properly exempt from tax**?. The public school trustees take not the least control tff dertoinlna-' tional colleges. They neither pveSctibo | the course of study, nor appoint, nor pay | the teachers. Neither docs the student receive free tuition. Then, in what sensei of the word is a denominational college a public school, within the meaning and : letler of the law ? Wherein are the en- j dowmont funds of these institutions "ap-, plied exclusively t??r the support of frcc \ education in said schools?-' Under the wording of the statutes we \ *\ nil t'on/tiiiiv f AniniAli HCTIiaiV UVllJillg 111 IIUIOIIUII;, .UVVJ..U..NI that denominational colleges are notpwft- , lie schools, within the meaning of the law, and that their endowment funds are not exempt from taxation. In saying this, we would not be under- ( stood as being opposed to the exemption j of this kind of property and funds from |( taxation, but to show the inconsistency of j quietly receiving State aid indirectly! themselves, and then publicly opposing the appropriation of a small amount to the State University. If wo are not mistaken as to our facts and figures, the Furman University receives annually^ in ail j indirect way, fYom the Slate, by such ex- j eruptions-, not less than $2,500, and with an ingratitude which can only be born of I iealousv, that institution now raises a I great howl about the General Assembly! making n small appropriation whereby our boy? b.ave a chance (o get the highest education free 0/ cost. When Fnrmau University wants to i tight the State University, 2ot that institution first pay taxes on its property. We would make this proposition. If; the denominational colleges should succeed in closing the only public college in I the State, in the hope of forcing our boys ; to attend their own private institutions j that the friends of the State University j will see to it, that these private institu-j tions are made to pay their full share of j the taxes. In case the Statute, as it now siauus, imes nut require inu cuuevrwu u ui t this tax, it will only be nccessary to pass an Act of the General Assembly looking | to this matter. When the denomination- i nl college*) by tax exemption, receive in-1 directly mo;e than is appropriated direct-j iy to the State University, we think thoy adopt a suicidal policy in lighting the University. Onr Kailroads. All great undertakings are bound to meet with discouragement or reverses?I, they must have their sunshine and their shadow. Just row our railroad enter-:, prises are apparently under a cloud.! Some of our citizens led somewhat dis-' eouraged because of the indeliniteness ofi i?i f/.?*rii ut !t>vt in tntfio Mnprntinnu ! ~ I of Messrs. Oliver & Childs in behalf of | tho Atlantic and French Broad Railroad,; and others may think the project has j about fallen through. Tho Augusta and Knoxville Railroad,' ho far, has failed to ubgotiate their second j, mortgage bonds. I ( With this failure conies disaster to the! Savannah Valley Railroad, from tho fact! that twenty-live thousand dolhus of these j bonds were appropriated to the grading of tins rond. The Greenwood and Laurens Railroad also sutlers as it is interested in ten thousand dollars worth of A. K. bonds. And in this failure the A. K. will lack the money with which to equip the road with rolling stock. This is the. gloomy side of the picture, j and it is gloomy only because our expectations were too easily raised inj tho imaginary ease with which we I hoped to accomplish hurculeau tasks. I Really the prospects of the Roads are as | good as we have had reasonable hopes to j expect. In spite of innumerable ditticul-1 tics, a great enterprise owe put on loot is;1 sure of completion at some time. It.5 never moves backward. The grading of j* the Savannah Valley Railroad will be!, pushed forward until it is finished, and j. the completion of the road is only a ques-1 tion of time. The Atlantic and French ' Broad Valley Railroad will one day be a ' living reality. T^e State Convention. ! Our delegates to the State Democratic < Nominating Convention went down to l Columbia on Monday, and we doubt not!* that their action in voting for nominees I for State oflices will be fully endorsed by ' l the people of Abbeville county. Lieu-'] tenant-Governor Kennedy's vote on tlie I Citadel and his position in reference to < the State University, in our opinion, has' I done much to unify our delegation as to; . supporting him for Governor. No man'l who would destroy our civilization j should be put in the oflice of Governor, < and as Kennedy had the manhood to vote j i for the right, we think he deserves rocog-' j nition for that act. We trust that the Nominating Convention may not be led ' or influenced in their action by any Hp-j < peals or threats, from cranks of any sforl. j i The promotion of the good of the whole i j country should bo their only object, and j in acting in accordance with their best'i convictions, they will merit and receive * the approval of the whole country. The < people are in the proper frame of mind < to approve of good work of any kind. ] They have no pet candidate to put for- | ward, but Lave an eye solely to the best | interests of the State. Some men are opposed to the State 1 University on principle?ou the principle j that a poor man's sou is not wcrth educa- \ ting? j_] A Most Wonderful Proceediug. In another column we reproduce the "YinJiciiiini" of Dr. Kinloch, in refore :tt>. t > tliu recent ilo.it'i of his patient, Mrs. Jte'J, lVoin the effects of the chloroform whirl; he had administered. This vpuui'.uiou, :;j our i^? iuiu.u.upi le tor mors reasons thai: one. In the lirsi place, it is stated that "a special "nir'oiing of the Medical Society of South "Carolina, held July 12, 1KK2, tho l'resi"dent, l>r. Michel, railed the meeting to "order, and .sliitol that. its object was tu "contradict certain fnl.se statements in rc"t/ard to a recent death by chloroform in "the practice of our friend and colleayue, "Dr. It. A. Kinloek/' We think if the books nnd newspapers of the world were ransacked, a similar statement hy any Society, committee, or jury cannot be found. If it had been, as occaVs be! ?\v, an expression, where the construction of the sentence would have leu a (ior.ui as to i ne meaning, \w wmuw have thought nothing of it, but licit? in plain, and Indisputable language, three of the best physicians of Charleston testify tha1 IV. Michicl, one of the most eminent physicians in the South, asserts that the Medical Society of South Carolina met for 'he express purpose of contracting certain statements, which had gained currency in the secular press, in reference to the practice of one of its members. Ordinarily juries, committees, or societies are organized to take testimony and to ascer tain and report the guilt or innocence of the accused, but It \h only necessary for the Medical Socicty ot South Carolina to meet in solemn form, when its President may contradict any accusation which may be made against one of their members. This, it seems to vs, is the doctrine ??f infallibility. A committee was afterward appointed to "express the views of tho Society.*' In that report the committee, we .think afhrit overv iinnortjint allegation which h:ul been made by the newspaper reporter whom they denounce so severely. We reaJ at the time all that wo saw in the newspapers on tho subject, suit! the only impression that was left on our mind, was the danger attendant upon the administration of chloroform by even the most skillful physicians. But from the notion of tho Medical Society it would now seem that there was more rcon11 for t'ue censure of tho physJciAris than we at first suspected. We notice that while denouncing the newspaper press in their report and sustaining those mcdical gentlemen with their words of sympathy, they have nothing to say of the approved form of one Doctor administering chloroform, while iiis assistants are in another room. Tho Medical Society is wisely silent on this new and improved Jform of administering a deadly drug. The committee is also silent as to whether the learned Doctor, had taken the usual precautions, or had m:irlr> :mv efforts ftt ."ill to find out anything of the peculiar "idiosyncrasies" of that particular patient before giving ber the chloroform. But the committee t.ike the widest range in their denunciations of the newspapers who had the impudence to remark upon the fallibility of one of their number. \\ e are sure that no member of the Medical Society of South Carolina more deeply sympathizes with the unfortunate physician in the mistake which sent one of his patients to her grave than we do, but wo think the mistake furnishes no proper excuse for the Medical Society to enact so palpaple a farce, with the avowed intention of doing something else. The fourth resolution, we trust, may not have the cirect of restraining any member of the press from criticising any dereliction of our learned modical friends. As a rule tiie intelligent member of any of the learned professions is ready to defend any act of his, and any effort of the Medical Society of South Carolina, by any louiisu rt'suiuiiun^ tu lusiriuu uiu pruss from performing its duty in tlio criticism, or even in the censure, of one of its members will only subject that body to the ridicule which it deserves. The liberty of the press in this country is assured, and if the Doctors who chloroform and otherwise physic our people would rest secure from unpleasant criticism they must be careful as to their practice. Physicians need not think to overawe, or to make the press afraid, even when assembled under the solemn namennd title of the Medical Society of South Carolina. It seems that the time has come wherein every man who feels aggrieved at any unpleasant exposure, or is insulted by any particular editor because of some misrepresentation of facts, l'eels authorized to malign the wholo press of the country, with an arrogance which is only equalled by his ignorance of the profession of editor. Mr. Blake's Withdrawal. j.'jI3uwiiuiu in iuo 41 ess una Manner may be found the letter of withdrawal of \V. K. Blake, Esq., from the canvass for a seat in the llou.se of Representatives. This course on liis part is induced from the fact, that a number of his friends desired expression as to his position in reforencc to the respective candidates for Senator, as well as the apparent necessity for him to take an active part in the canvass. This campaign is not totally unlike other campaigns, and for this reason, it would be apparent that he who would expect to win, must meet his constituents. The sovereigns have a right to cxpect to meet their representatives face to face, and they are pretty sure to forget any candidate who does not go among them, and manifest some anxiety to get the ollice. Mr. Blake did not feel that he could spend the time necessary to make the canvass, and feeling that his position in reference to the respective candidates was a matter for himself alone to decide, iind as a matter with which the constituents had nothing to do, ho declines to allow his name to bo iurther used in connection with the race. While we think a candidate whose principles and friendships aro cither ayowed or understood will develop more strength on election [lay than one who occupies a doubtful position, yet it is certain that every American citizen is, or should be, absolutely [he master of his own vote. It is therefore merely a matter of choice whether liny man should divulge his intentions in the matter of voting. The people have a perfect right to ask the position of any candidate, and It is the right of the candidate to deny the information, and then Iho voter has a right to cast his ballot as ho chooses. Wo hope that Mr. Blake's card may not create the impression that he has assumed an unnecessary amount of virtuins indignation, and that he has also feigned a little too much of the air of injured innocence, while seemingly making a thrust at somebody for presuming :o ask him to settle a hitherto doubtful question. We should be sorry to know :hat any one in Abbeville county would feel authorized to barter oflice to Mr. Blake for his "birth-right," even if he were inclined to trade. Hut, on the principle that a cat may look at a king, we think that it is fair to assume that overy ;iti7<en of the American Republic has at least the right to enquire the political faith, or persons! bias of the candidate for whom he wishes to vote, and in case Unit candidate concludes to conceal his opinions, his inclinations, or his intensions, it is no good reason wh}' the voter should conceal his intentions. In times like these Ho candidate need expect political preferment as long as he declines to leiino his position upon questions that may arise, and wo suppose it is for this reason, more than for any other, that Mr. Blake withdraws. We are sorry tbwt Mr. Iilake has withdrawn from the race. If he had canvasssd throughout the campaign wo are confident that he would have been elected, uid if he had been elected, we are perIcctly certain that he would have made mi excellent representative. The Pros? ind Banner has always been a hearty mpporter of Mr. J'.lake, and we regret his course. His ability eminently qualities him for the position of representative. Tlw Light Running Domestic will sow ;he finest Persian lawns or the coarsest ,-assimeres without change of needle or ention. Tliis machine is guaranteed for ivo yearw by the manufactory. Sold by R. M. lladdon ?& Co. Quick Work. The Nominating Convention which nitjt yesterday, went to work with a will. ' According to prcvi:m3 notice theConven- jj tion met in the Slate lioiisc at twelve! o'clock, and was called to <>rdcr LvGcn-j - - ~ ~ j oral J.clar, t.i>;iirman 01 iub jueinwcran'-; i.SUite lixeeutiveComniittee. Win. Mon- 1 ; rot<, Esq., of Union, was first made tcmI porary Chairman-, and afterward pcrmaj ncnt President, it is fair to presume tnnt the meeting was characterized l?y groat . harmony and good fooling among the t ; members, Jas on third ballot tlie Hon. II. j S. Thomson, our present Superintendent i of Education-, was unanimously noinijnated for (iovcrnor. The lion. .John j j C. Shepherd received the next highest. I j place on the ticket. These nominations j 1 will receive the hearty support of our ;j I people. Mr. Thomson is a man who it. j universally respected for the sterling : qualities which go to make a noble man- [ ; hood, and being of fine personal address, *l | as well as an oxcellcnt speaker, he wil. i1 make a leader worthj' of our people-; and his past record for fairness and Cfll' . | ciency in the disclxarge of his duties since j.] j 187?>, as Superintenent of Education, will j ] , of itself disarm any opposition which j might be raised to any other man. , -.<!> j Was it a Political Homicide ? i j The Charleston News and Corn ier in re - ^ , ply to a question by tho Boston A elverj'tiser says: "We assert most cmphatieal - ^ j"Jy thattho so-called 'murder' 01 uian-M I " was not a 'political assassination.' " jij j There must be some plav on the use or j words in this sentence-, for we think i; can scarcely be denied by anybody thai j I polities was the cause of the offensive ^ I language, and that the offensive language ( j was the cause of the killing. The Bos ( (on Advcrliacr however errs in characterising Iho killing of Blair as "murder." ( j -Nothing is murder until after the slayer j J has been convicted, and as thero is no* i probability of anybody being convicted ji j of murder for killing a Geeenbacker ill 12 , South Carolina, it is an error to speak of ] "political murders" in this State. i p i The Meeting Next Sale Day* J j The Central Democratic Cliib meets I next Sale Bay. One of the duties which i j Will devolve on that body will be th3 1 I election of delegates to a Congressional j j Nominating Convention. A friend sugjgests to us that as the State Agricultural j [ Fair holds its summer meoting at Ander- 1 |son on the loth and lflth instant, that the Nominating Convention meet at that ! time and olace. Tho meetinz to nomi-! 1 w I J i nate a candidate would require but a ! 1 ; short time, and the delegates would thus j j bo allowed an opportunity of attending ; [the Fair. Wo think thb suggestion ajj good one, and we have no doubt that the j i Abbeville club will readily accodc to the J proposition. lVIiat Are We to Do ? J The oat crop was the largest and best j ever grown in Abbeville countyIt hasi been carefully housed, and many planters are busily engaged in making way with |1 the crop. But there are many thousand * bushels yet iri our barns. In addition to J this, the area in corn is double that of . any previous j'ear, ami the crop is as good as the rains and the land can make, i Nea'ly every farmer will have moio 3 grain than he can destroy. The cotton i crop promises to be the best that we have ever had. The planters are certainly 5 hlpssocl this votip fn nil nvf#nf ttiut will .1 puzzle tbem as to the best means of disposing of their crops; <?4 CIVIL SERVICE REFORM. jj The Subject Discussed in Cabinet?No Employee ivho Refuses to Give 1 Shall "On That Account" be Sub- ( jeeted to Discharge. Long Branch, N. J., July 23.?The Cabinet to-day considered Attorney-General Brew- ( ster's opinion recently published that mem- j, hereof Congress are beyond tbe reach ol the i law agnlnst political assessments under which Gen. Curtis was last weclt convicted and lined In the United States Court in New York; President Arthur exprssed themsclf to the ef- I fact tlmt 110 person in any one of the exocu- 1 tivc departments declining to contribute shall 1 on thilt account be subjected to discharge or 1 criticism, and no attempt to Injure him ou this ground will be countenanced or tolerated. These conclusions arc in accordance with the i views cxrcRscd by-tho President In his letter -j of acceptance of July 15,1880. The opinion or j Attorney-General Brewster was given upon a letter written by Mr. A. Thomas, chief of a division in the second comptroller's office of ! the ticasury. Thomas's letter was addressed J to Secretary Folger and was hy him referred ?' I to the attorney-general. A letter from I O'.ger { j to Thomas is among the documents submit- ted at the Cabinet meeting to-day. After answering Thomas's inquiries upon the legal questions and qiiotmg from the attorney-gen- f mi's opinion that a member of Congress is 1 not an ollicer of the Govermont within the J meaning of the law in question, the secretary says: "It follows that executive officers and employes^ of the United Stales not appointed i by the President with the advice and consent ', of the Senate arc not liitble to the pains and , penalties of Section 0 of the Act of August, i 1870, for the act of giving to a member of Con- j gress money, property or anything of value." OVWICUH JTUISC1 CUUC1UUCS ills ICllCi as follows. "But I will tike this place to say .that I wish ( it felt throughout the treasury department In * . all its ramifications of service that no sen at'' I of the United States therein need feel the slightest pressure upon him to give if he does not wish to give. If he ha* such belief in the j ! soundness of the principles of the Republican \ | party as to desire their sustenance and sue- ( j cess and to be willing and desirous of show- i I ing his faith by his works, and feel that he is I able to aid, let him give of his substance or of j Ills income as he sees fit. or If lie Is of other . political faith, or Iheelalmsof family or needs { of self pinch his purse and ho wishes not to : give, let him freely rcfiain. Therefore, I J would have him think and feel and do as if In u religious 1 nee ting-house of his choice, the preacher should lay before him the nejils of ? some cause. If it was commended to his I Judgment and he felt ableand uillingto spare .1 of ills pelf, he would give. If It- wai other- I wise, ho would hold fust that which was Ills ] owu. Bo, absolutely so, in tlie matter in I nana. i.et 11 uo understood una i<4t uy nil | who plnce under me, that whichever way they may take It they will be unmolested by me t theiefor. I say as I iniun, I will do as say." j IRISH EMIGRATION. Government Plan for the Relief of the i Poor of Ireland?Appalling Distress in Counanght. > Losdon, July 21i?The proposed scheme of emigration by the Government in connection with the Arrears bill Is likely to provoke resistance ou the part of the Irish members. Jt ] J gives power to the boards of gusirdians to bor- ' row money at three and a half per cent., re- ? I payable lu llfteen or thirty ycurs, for the pur- \ i pose of enabling persons to emigrate who are ( ! willing to leave Ireland. Js'o limit is placed Ion the amount that may bo borrowed. Aujthority is given to tlio lord lieutenant to .] ' make rules for guidance of the boards of J .guardians as to the conditions under which .1 emigrants may be sent away in order that the J I poor may not be cast without resources on the 1 : American shores. These rules are regarded ; by the Irish members as illusory and are cerI tain to be evaded by guardians anxious to ^ j avoid taxation for the support of the poor, t I The scheme will result In thousands of help- i ! shores to sink Into poverty and to beconio a charge on the American public. The Irish j members are bitterly attacking the proposition. They say if the Government wishes to : Inaugurate emigration it should do it on a ^ mucii larger scale, so hs to place the emi- 2 grants on land as proposed by the Canadian ' Parliament. AN APPALLING PICTURE. Mil Trevelyan drew and appalling picture of i > the present condition ?f tne poor in thelj i crowded districts in the west of Ireland fts j / ] stated in the official reports. He showed that | j I the taxation for next year for ttie support of. ' the poor amounts to ninetenn shillings in the I j pound In the Uelinullet district and twelve I ! shillings in theClifden Union, thus threaten- ;* ! Ing to reduce the whole population to beg- j ' , tjary. n. is siateu iiihi mere are .*sou nomeiess tumilles in Clifden at present, although 1 ,:i<?o persons liave lately emigrated by the charity 'of Luke's committee. The poverty of the ; people is so great that they have already sold o i or pawned die most necessary aitlole of fur- r ' nlu>re. One Inspector reports that In Clifden ! v atone he has seen 30u buds in pawn. f< I TJIK CIIKAl'KST SOLUTION OK THE (iCE-STION. I ^ He pointed out that the emigration of the j f | poor is the cheapest solution ol the question 11 i as the maintenance of paupers costs ?8 13s.' p per annum lor each, and the money if not if, found now will have to be found next winter.1 g i The Government undertakes to make a gift cf: 0 | Clou.000 to tlictive unions of lielaiuilet. New- c i port, Swineford, Clilden and Oughlcmrd onjjj 1 account of their poverty, but on tiie condt- j( lion, however, that not more than ?5oi free t, giant be allotted to one emigrant. This is re- j y garded as the most objectionable feature and Jj a proof that the the Government means oni;r i a toget rid of Hie people at the binallcst ex- t( pense. l'ower is also given to the local gov- : c , eminent hoard to extend the gift to any dis- ^ trict scheduled tmder the lteilef Listless Act e( of l?"y. n | ? , Grand Midsummer Closing Out Sale d --1,000 Pianos and Organs lit ij* Uock liottom Cash Kates, jo on Kasy Terms. jtj Buy now, and poy when cotton comes in. A | o: ' smalt ciifh payment and balance November' II 1st. 1.U0U standard Instruments, from best s< makers. All styles and prices. No stencil1 u' Instruments. Makers' names on all. III SPECIAL MXDSb'JIMEK UKK1-.K.- | t( PIANOS, ca->h and balance November 81 j 1st., 1 | ll j OKUANS, S10 cash and balance November, fc 11st. issj. j ti Lowest Cash Rates and no interest. Can't w buy chut per next fall with cash in hand, a j (.'losing out to reduce stock and keep working j o force employed Hi rough summer. ja Special MlDsUMMLIt OFFERS to [nstal-;P ; incut buyers. Send lor Catalogues, Price Is LImU and circulars giving lull tnlormatlou. It Address Imddeo & Bates' Soothers Uujic Hsmi, Givia- ft t?k, Oa. 'l lie Ureal Wliolesale Piano and Or- tl i gan Depot of the South.- 1 T \u Buy the old roliablo Gsni Fruit Jars.-ja Sold by LaVvson & Co. at 51.35 and ?1.75' J" 1 per dozen.- tf j lr | Gkm Fruit Jars?quarts 81.35 a dozen,; tl half gallon* $1.75 a dozen, at Lawson it' ^ j<Jo. tf ic' 1 Democratic Delegates. l COMPLETE ROSTER OF THE CO 15S STATE CONVENTION. 'be Rt'ureseutftlSvcs Clioyen l>y 1 People of the Comities to Rei>res< Them in Columbia. The following is a complete Ii<f of the d< rites from ench county to ttie Slate Conv Ion which will meet In (\>lnmhin at noon norrow. The total number of ik-lecim-* lti, double the representation of each colli ii the Cfcncral Assembly: AHIlKVIt.I.E. F1. O. OnPre, M. I,. Honhnin, Jr., >r. .7. Ij. l'renslcy, P. A. Connor, ; A, <\ Waller, L. \V. White. )r. J. W. Calhoun, Dr. Win. T. Jones, '. M. Latimer,Sr., J. 1C. r.ra.tley, \ J'. Kills, John K. Urownlee. AIKEN. ?. W. Croft., James AMrleh, I*. J. Da vies,' J. II. fli't/.rn. Jr. li. F. Wyinan, I). S. Henderson. AXDF.IWON*. Z. B. Murrpy, .T. E. Alien. V. \V. Simpson, W. II. 1). Cinlllnrd, r. W, Provost, J. W. Norrls. f. I*. Mcflcft, T. A. Ilodnons, \i. I\ Trlbble, (J. K. rrluce. BARNWELL. H. F. Moloney, T). P. Sojourn or, \ >f. Bamberg, ' I,. \V. Younians, iV. G Sims, Dr. Mornllft, )r. .1. S. Stonoy. Col. Alfred Aldrlch iV. II. Hoy ill on, J. \V. Jenny, I. D. Hunter, J. D. Browne. BEAUFORT. .Vm. Elliott. T. R. TTovwnrd, foseph OWiver, M. SI. Tlntson, 5. II. Uodpcrs, John G. Ilarnvvc'.l, i. M. Haskell, O.P. Law. BKRKKI.EY. ,'harlcs T)oylo, \Vrn, Henderson, r J. Mlkell, J. C. Brndly. r. A. Beckett, ,T. J. Williams. II. Horllieek, s. Pon-lier Sinilli, \ St. O. Kinkier. T. Ilenry Smith. Seo. W. Avinger, Ueo. \Y\ Sblngler. CHARLESTON. L. Bnlst, G. Dlcckc, [ueh Ferguson. J. P. I.esoSno, r. C. II. Ulansscri; II. Rivers, t. I). Bryan, J. F. Flckcn. I. H. Hrirlbeek, II. L. P. Bolger, I'. W Oarwile, F. Kresscll, Jr., ,V. E. Vincent, T. Roddy. rheo. 15. Jcrvcy, R. S. f'ntliearf., <\ j. MefJarey, J. F..Wit-'cofskv, [. W. Barnwell, W. M. Muekenfuss, f. F. Walsh, T. A. Huguenlii, '. L. White, K. F. Sivcejran, Mins. liiglesby, P. E. Gleason, r. A*. Simons, Tlico. U. Barker. cn ESTER. r. C. Gaston, ft. C. Brawloy, IV. S.Hall, W. R. Pavio, \lex. Wise, J. F. Rnrher, 5. J. Lewis, E. M. Shannon. CHESTERFIELD. r. C. Colt, W. I/. T. Prinoc. IV. A. Evans, S.W.Evans, f. M. Hough, F.M. Welsh. CLARENDON. II. II. Le?c?n<?, J. J. Inglvim,. E. N. Plowdcn, John 0". Brock, [J. W. Brailsi'oiii, W. It. Croskey. COLLETON. VI; P. Howell, J. N. Cummlngs, Dr. A. 15. Williams, A. F. O'Brien, \. S. Barne?, J. H. Knight, I. D. Blortgett, .1. P. R. Fox, Henry W. DuBolse, Benjamin Sauls, ?. r: kikIiIhii-ih. w a Tii-wiu. r,.i,n DARLINGTON. W. C. Coker, T. J. Price, I. \V. Williamson, .S. A. OicjrK. .}. W. lirown, G. G. Pulihor, B. W. Cannon, J. K. Byrd, i I. L. Morris, .J.N. Purrott. EDGEFIELD. \V. S. Allen, W. II. Folk. I. II. Uouknlght, B R. Tillman, W. .1. Talbcrt, J. P. Elnckwcll, !t. G. Bor.hnm, T. K. Denny, kV. S. Shcppard, James Calli?on, J. II. Brooks, I). P. I.aGrono. FAIRFIELD. r. W. Woodward, J. II. It Ion, :I. A. Galllarii, T. W. Traylor, V. K. Davis, II. C.Davis, J. ?. Thomas, It. E. Ellison. GEORGETOWN. it. Dozler, Ralph No-blt, lo.-eph Sessions, L. p. Miller, Hazard, Jonah K. bourne. GREENVILLE. iV. II-. Perry, \V. L. Mauldln, d.I-. Ansel, S. S. Crittenden, Dr. .1. II, Donald, T. It. League, j. A. Townes, Ed. Harrison; V. B. Byrd, J. T. Au&tin. HAMPTON; iv. j. (jooutng, jonu i.awion, U. H. .V.cswecncy, . C. J. C. llutson, I'O'.J. 'iV. Moprc, A. M. Martin, Jr.. V. M. Ilulh, J. II. Stcinine.ver, J HORRY. J. P. Qualtlebrum, P. L. Eeatty, >. G. Collins, J. E. Dusen berry, S Jr. E. i'Jortou, L. I). Oiuliam. KERSHAW. j. J. Patterson, V. S. Jo:don, ). M. Bethunc, J. It. Mu;;!!!, ... C. Ilouyh, I)r. I). L. l>eSau*>si j. L. CJyburn. # W. D. Trantham. LANCASTER. ra P. Jones, Dr. C; C. Welsh, r. F. Clybuni, J. C. Krwiu, J. J. Cater, L.J.Perry. LAURKNS. Dr. W. J; Shand, It. P. Tod.l, I. B. Huoert, It. K. Blukely, Jr. John Hs Smith; Dr. M.C. Cox, S. S. Harris, John II. Wharton; T.PV T VflTHV. ?. P. Win card, D.J. Trimth, ;. J. Knoits. J. W*. Drclicr, t. N. iiuLimaiii A. Minis; MARION. r. M. Johnson. 11. G. Howard, J. K. Davis, 'f. C. Moody. X. J. Montgomery, E. T. stiicii house, I. H. Kodgers, A. T. Ilarllcc, r. u. Blue, J. C. Sellers. MAHLBOHO'. /. 8. McCnll, Knox Livingston, I. H. Newton, J. B. McLnurin, [". L. B reed c u, W. F. KI n u ey; NEWBERHY. r. X. Lipscomb. II. J. Pope, iV. D. Hardy, Ueorge Johnstone, ). L. schunipcrt, Jlev, J. \. Sllgli, I. C. Carlisle, Juo. V. ,?Ctersou. OCONEE. I. E. Mason, John C. Carey, il. W. Coleman, W. P. Calhoun, ohn M. ahelar, Jos. M. Shtlar. u uu. i. Dibble, Dr. A. R. Hydrick, SI. Wunnamftker, A. D. Goodwyn, J. F. Izlur, I. T. Shoi'Uink'T, Dr. J. \V. Summers, s. H. Mcliichanip, Dr. D. H. Oil, Robt. Copes, )r. R.W. Haten, 11.1J. Tarrant. riCKEX.i. R Bowen, J. E. Bogcs. i. A. Child, J. it. Gossott, Dr. T. W. Folger, T. A. MoMabon. RICHLAND. U O. Bykcs, N. R. Brooks, i. To/,er. Joseph Hates, f. T. Rhett, Henry Dickson, Yin. Wallace, . J. Q. Marshall, f. H. Adams, J. II. Killlun, I. Singleton, S. G. Henry, SPARTANBUKO. r ci r> r\ r> d, iv. i iiumruii, \r. xv. jst'iui, E. Bomar, N. F. Walker, r. C. Anderson, E. S. Allen, lr. J. B O'Landrum, A. B. Woodruff, }. W. Nlcholln, G. Cannon. SUMTER, r, ll. Fnrlc. W. B. Pelpnr, f, A. Khnme, L. M. Smith, . 1). Blandlng, H.J. McLauren, . W. Hudson, K. W. Molse, ?. O. Sanders, G. E; Il&ynsworth. UNION. 7m,' Monro, P. P. Duncan, avid Johnson, Jr., Jas. B. Steudnian, no, B. Jetlrles, A. A.Sarratt. . X. -Uougiass, J. U. iUCJvlSKlCK. VrlLLIAMSBUKfc. .f. J. Hirsch, It. H. Kimball, I. L. JOnes, Wade K. Varner, M. (rilland, Win. Cooper, I. M. Asklns, II. S. Cunningham. YORK. ohn S. Bratton, It. If. Glenn, V. B. Smith, l)r. 8. A. Kell, . L'. Patrick, Iidw. G. Byils, Ulan Jones, I)r: Jno. G. Blnck, 'etcr Farrisoo, Dr. J. J. Miller. [now/edge Makes Farm lug Fraeti ble and Profitable. There can be no doubt that a groat majoi f farmers limit tlmlr range of vision ii iously by steady application of labor dur , hat Is cullcd tne busy season, which is, iiet, the potion of tlio your, tliey" work w nsullicicnt knowledge because they do : stlmate at Its true value Instruction derl rom observation beyond the narrow limit heir own fields. The demands upon t! owersare exhaustive,and (here Is wear I so espouse until thought lings, thencefo loild labor without the refreshing infiue! 1 intelligence In direction. It Is the tendi y to this course that mukes farm life se ull plodding, as In too many cases it ren i. Of course the tasks of the farm are ta d be executed. Farming Is u business t ields no profit, without labor, bul oes not follow that profit bears steady i! irect relations to labor, according to Its < jnt. There must be Intelligence to dii llort or the result will be very uncertii roader information, wider scope of kho jge, extended aeqnainianee with mciln nd capabilities a:e the tilting for siicees.1(fort. In this view ll Is quite necessary tl very farmer should know what his neighb o, how they manage their fields, what n net Instructive lesi-on are recorded In 111 radices. And no farmer can expect tndev pall this by trial restricted to his own p< is, nor is tiiere need that he should atlen le task by a method so hopeless. lie can av f whatever wisdom his neighbors lit ' he will observe. Let him go among th ;eklng aid. There Is none so poor In Intel L'uce that, lie may not instruct the wisest, ic farmer of the smallest attalnmen ts is si jhavein the wide range of his labor, so iggestlon of gain worthy ol use by Ms ni uclligent neighpor. There Is profit, the ire, in observation. Abundant opportu es ol time are available to the farmer vi onld make diligent quest for knowled nd the fields of his eefghbors arj alwi pen for the gleaning. We learn by seel nd some, branches of knowledge l.lie in iogress can be made only In this wiv. T i true farming, within certain llmhs. Tli t farmers wno seek urogi e.ss m:ikO special iris to spy out the usAftil lessons tpread iclr view ln all thellehJsof their nelghbc he effort is cheap, easily made and very si 1 its reward. Letit be repeated as inter npcls, in summer and in winter, in spri nd in autumn, for it never ran be out or s >n. Ii is not prying impertinence, on t jntrary It Is gratifying to every farmer npart knowledge, and especially so wh ic worthy object (may be accomplished le cxlbitlon ol success visibly marked in t xcelleucc of his methods.?Jliisbnitdiium. i? ? ! ?in m mm i mimttmm mi I? in n ENSILAGE OX CORN FODDER. 3y Francis Morrij, of Maryland, i President of the Recent Ensilage "C' Congress. | ' [Jtcail before the An rlwx AyriciiUtral Astoci~' I tion k-ld in i\ ivj York, J cb. lioZ.J I ? The burying oi'Kreju crojis: in tivnehes In j lilC UnsgiwUnd hits J lor liuiiii'jwii j C ueuLuricK. The tVei.ch, in their t of 1 Hi discovered that it was 1I10 tisane ofL that country, and when at n loss for iorugo [ T limited out U10 M11 i*<.l trenches 1111U made use tits of their contents for their cavalry. In Amu, "Tl If., on the mountains of Khiva, the adventurous | woi ci,. Japtain Hurntiby founiJ tlua tin* only leeu ior | me i<). lis horse was obtained from the hurled crop am i > in Lite trenches of Hie eountry, preserved In [the nl\ Hie same manner as It was preserved in Al- stm ;lers. This evidently shows that the practice He iad an origin far beyond the memory of man, wei mil that M. (Jotlait was teaching lis an art I rec srhich claims a history ion.; before our time, ltni l'o tiiin, however, we owe a debt of gratitude alsi as great as c.m be owed to the greatest bene- sen factors of mankind ; for he has not only In- lie> traduced luio his own country the use of en- tab silage, but through him il lias been Intro- pos duccd into the natural.maiz-. (countries, wherj noi it nourishes and is indigenous, it Is now our mil duly and our pleasure to urge the use of this wh pra-.-tlce throughout our Atlantic States, nai where agriculture is at present a laborious i tun and unprofitable pursuit, and whurc ihe peo-1 tru pie deserve a better fate than to be obliged to i tnu aliandon tlieirold homesteads and secK new fori homes in the far West. I as 1 it was in t lie summer of 1S7G that I received : he^ a newspaper from Krancc giving me an uc-| t1 count of what >1. Goiiart was doing. Ireal-iCo'. ized the value of the experiment, and at once for put several acres of land Into corn fodder. | by .My labor was blessed by a plentiful yield,and : abl buili three .silos of hrielt without fomenting. Ian The middle silo of the three had ensilage as vai i?oud as i ever had. The loss oil the sides ot the the other two was a small percentage, but gin sulficientto teach me that bride walls did not dls , cxo.ude the oxyge n of the atmosphere. After i the this I covered them over with cement, and J It * tlud they are now perfect. These silos I used''s I for thelirsl two years. Since tlicn I have in-; spi creased my acreage of corn fodder, and, with | cai Hit assistance of a yolceof oxen and a scraper,. ten du!? out trenches eleven feet wide at top, sev- j vie en feet at bottom, and seven or more feet 1 an; deep. We lill these full, and tiien jnii asj * much as \vc can pile, on it, and cover it with '?>* boards or e irth. 1 always use a felt covering ] o"' on the top of the fodder to Keep it- clean and del theairoui. We probably put twenty inches! ja'1 of earth on It. and we frequently run theox-| en and cart over li. The top of the earth, or i I the top of the silo or trench, we watch, and If wo there nreuny cracks we till them up. We ex-1 ,ni' elude the alt undef all circumstances. These ou! silos, or trenches, are made at a nominal ex- eoi pense, and the ensilage comes out. in as good' Prt condition as any ensilage I have seen. My present practice Is to put my trenches In the ^ ilold where the corn grows. I would advise #i.. farmers not to be alarmed at the word "silo" so, "ensilage," or any other fancy words. Cut up , your corn fodder into half or three-quarters-1 ?|j inch pieces, put ir.to your trenchc?, cover * J,,] them with earth to exclude the air, and yon n'u will never fail to have a food better than any' tjl( grass you can raise ior love or money. | }l c The value of this ensilage food is equal to,j0 .timothy hay as one is to two. One ton of; j<n timothy hay is equal to two tons of corn fod- ex, der. If a ton of hay is worth twenty dollars,I jj,! a ton of corn fodder is worth ten dollars. | pr( Now, my simple proposition is that all the fc, arable lands of this State should be divided I ani Into two parts?oiio part in corn fodder and ^Ct the other par', in the present uses the land Is ] 8(>r put to. This would give us T.ijiXtyWO acres of (,j{ corn fodder, which, at ten tons to the acre, j va| | would amount to 78,1100.000 tons, which would I |)C pay the tarmer SlOO per acre for Ins crop. The nj| value of the crop In this State, at the price lm named, would amount to5780,1(00,000, and this' ?el Would be represented by oxen, cows, sheep, f!ir outter, cheese and milk. 1 cannot think that I)r( the land would bare less tlinn ten tons of corn (,u fodder to the acre?and perhaps double that? 0n and every farmer with 100 acres of corn fod- w? der would have tlie representation of 510,000. (0 It would be Ills business to turn ills corn fod- |,i? /Iff liiln slJiftf or hut tar or elineKf*?and. so long as beef, multon, butter and cheese hold fllC llicir pre-ent prices, Ills Income .should be ;?100. fre lt>r his land per acre In corn fodder. Ice Do the golden lands of California hear any j j,a > comparison with tho fortune tnat Is ntthcrcaf feet of every farmer on tho Atlantic border? niii One man can euHlxatc \yith ease, 50 acres of | j corn fodder. and alter it is ready to cut (which is; Is when It Is In tassel) it would be easier to mi put away 1,000 tons of i'? than 100 tons of hay. ftu A first-class feed cutter will dispose of lOOtons tlo of fodder a day. Whether you have rain, jo wind or a hot Hun, you can work all days sw alike?the fepd is equally good. Inmycxj c- prl rienee I could never detect any ditfcrence in p0i Its ciuallty. an In regard to raising corn fodder, every farm- oil cr will have away of bis own ; and ah hough j the present feeling Is In Javorof drilling, with bo' the drills twenty Inches apart, experience itv will vary this according to the quality of the pfl land, the nianuie used, or circumstauccs ofi wt location. I would suggest that a premium be! iJt;i given for lhe greatest tonnage raised upon an I |or acre?requiring competitors to specify the tli: inannerand the system of culture. I do not 1 I see why each com ty of tho Suite of New lift York should not give a premium of Si X) for cot ' the large-11< linage of maize grown on an acre cut I of ladd. This would grlng it home to every poi farmer's door, Hnd would aid largely in davel- Uia oping an Industry for which we now have a us h|ICCIUl U*U. 1 UL'llUVt? l/lIU L UI1 (U. I UUI ItlllU C'UII | SCt be made to support ten cows tiie year round ? [ tra tMo crops of maize and a crop of rye, on nn jvo acre mude as rich as a garden, will certainly | kcc produce 100 tons of green lood and tills would j mi cerl airily feed leu Jersey caws. Whether the j erj land could repeat this is a question which on- int ly the ex peri :i cut would decide. cot According to the Census Report of 1X70,; tin there were td$,250 farms in IheMtate of New j |ar York averaging 10.') acres. The value ofihe j wa productions of said farms was over $?>0.000,Gl>0. | nil There Is no conceivable reason why one-half tor the laud of some farms shoulu not lie put tojwi the raisi ng of corn fodder quite as fa?t as they i we r* can produce stock to eat It up. and then I lie j ho profit of this system will be as largo as named,' bin until we become our own rivals by oar sue-. At cess of production. dei Ir. (011 Corn pat-tins' the Soil. rut! 'Howls It," once asked a young filend of lor us, thai every cutting you touch will grow,; cr." while only a small part of mine succeed ?*' f cv< ure, We were both amateur gaideners, and as.}inl neighbors Indulged in a friendly livalry. We gave him the secret of our "touch," wliich'erv was to always press the soil firmly around jer the cuttings; after this he had no cause to!0.01 complain of faiiuic. This matter of bringing j, 1 tne soil in close contact not only with cut- ' tings, hut with rooted plants anil seeds is of;*j^ the greatest Important o, and its m gleet Is a I "li frequent source of failure. If the soil Is left'cl" loosely around a cutting or around a seed, the ua minute root in either case, as it pushes, may j l,a' fail to come In lOnUtci with the needed moist' J10' soil and perish for the want of it. When ripe ,.iU wood cuttings, such as those of tlie current, i l',u nre set out in the open ground, and one lot W'1 liiive tiie earth thoroughly pressed agifinstj?0' their lower portion, even pounded down toi, make hure, every one will grow. If this is!001 neglected, more or less will fail, so in setting [ H"c out plants, such as those of cahhuge, celery. j J'0' elc. The inafket gardeners make sure that j the soil shall Le wrought close to the roots, hy I ' going along the row and pies.Mng it firmly to I the plant with the feet. Jii nn article w??; printed a few .\earsago, Mr. I'eter Henderson Showed that success with raising his crop of, 8"' celery plants was due to the fact that after * sowing the seed lie hud the whole surface of! ."J the soil of the bed well patted down with the) ev< buck of the spade. The end Is accomplished <jj ! on a large scan: by the use of u roller, I'Ht in I Miiail heds the spade Is an excellent substi- j *11' tule. In setting out trees or shrubs, the more, 5*"! carefully the soil Is tilled in and worked in M*, anions the roots, and (Unity pre.-sed?not , " stamped down with the foot, tie Heitcs chances v* of siucc-s. Even in laying turf or sods, the, roots of the grass .should be brought in close contact with the soil by the use ol a "beater," " a piece of heavy plank with a handle, or by j beating down with the spade buck.?American , fn Agriculturist- 6 If the advlcc in the above article were close- * ly observed many a tree would be saved in transplanting. The principle applies to seeds and young plants as well as to trees. The. earth must be In close compact with the! | i young rootless, Ju-a as they arc in a state of. tu> nature, when the young roots push through -pi! the tlnn earth. If there arc crevices and air p0| holes the young plant sickens and dies. This j nv accounts for the frequent failure to "get a stand" of cotton In new and soddy land that has not been thoroughly ploughed. Market F. gardeners and our most successlnl nurserymen lay great stress upon the necessity of this practice. r Small seed should be well pressed with the' ' hoe or spate after being sown. Cabbage] nlants. tomatoes and other voumr nlants should have their roots spread out, and the ; earth pressed down In close contact; no also'* with cutting of grape, roses and other things,! and especially ol iar?'er treoi. This is worth | remembering. W. Lfttc Irish Potatoes, Soutli. j , At about the first of August prepare a bed at some point con venient to water, and bed them Just as sweet potatoes are bedded, except that no manure need be used tp force them. J. 1 Spread the potatoes thinly?not nearer than j an Inch of each other and cover with three Inch-! j es of wood mold or light loam. The wood moid 1 T j or loam Is recommended because they will: " j not form a crust over the bed after watering.! Keep the bed moist, but not saturated with | ] water lest rot be produced. When the bed is' fjC. ] watered, wet Hiuiuugnij- 10 uie |>oiatocs, nun-, j cr thun give 11 sprinkle dally, Just moist- i filing the flurfafce. When the plants appear nbovo the surface, It. of the ground, take tfieni up with the potatoi adhering and transplant both. If more than 1 one sprout conies from the same tuber, cut! between them and set th? parts in diUVrentj Dr' liills. I-Iave the land riady and transplant every few days as fast as a sufficient number of plants appear to Justify attention. It" the! \y ground Is dry, pour a pint of water into each hill around the plant, using care to cover all moistened soil with dry, 16 prevent baking. By this means a fa:l crop of potatoes may be \V. grown with as much certainly as a crop of sweet potatoes. The only dilficulty about J growing a full cfop rests in getting the pota-' toes to sprout in time to make before trust. 1 This may be done generally by mulching heavily just alter a rain to retain the natural moisture but with nothing like the certainty ! nr of the plan here proposed. The potatoes Cfl- planted for the second crop should not be cut I as for the spring crop on account of the great- j er tendency to rot in warm weather. The M. crop planted as here directed, is cultivated in i, the usual way, but need not be dug until , f needed for use, as they do not become watery ' iV" as the spring crop is if left In the ground. | J- ( i ? | As they approach maturity, however, and | | before severe frostoccurs, enough earth should ; 1 be thrown upon them to prevent free/.- j v.Y.i jlng. They may, however, be dug and stored ?4.jfortlse during winter if it is preferred. We ,o?r! have had abundant crops grown in this way to supply all needed for the tabic during the I X. I, winter and spring, and to plant lor the spring j I " crop, for live consecutive years. Any farmer | or gardener who will follow the directions A , here given, may become entirely independent V. of northern growers, both for the table and j ' y ] for seed. The seed might to advantage be re-1 , ; newud from tlio ^northeast once in the years! ,) to secure earlier maturity, kbut for no other \ ' , reason. Those intended for planting the, I! l"u ; spring crop should be dug several weeks be-i,p^ '?.? fore planting toallow them to dry well, but I f we have diu and planted the same day with j most satisfactory results. 'VUv tjuiil it j/ot the i>a , i fall crop ;s fir superior to that ot those mown ,\rr J., ? In the spring, and, we think, better tima any i . ' wc can buy in the market. lmt i _ ^ ... . r.ea orsl Arr ei^| The Duck. I cu el-1 The duel: is peculiarly'the poor man's bird, 1 its hardness renders it so entirely lndepend-i ipt j ent of that care wliieh fowls perpetually reail quire; and, indeed,all thoseclassesof persons " ve in humble life wlio liave sloppy otlal of some | em sort left from their meals, and who do not! "I" keep a pig to consume it. I)i:cks are the best v for rave-waste for them ; even the refuse of pota- u Jre toes, or any other vegetables, will, with a lit- gl me i tie bran meal, satisfy a duck, which it thankost' fullv accepts and with a degree of good nature ire-, which It is pleasant to eontemnlate, swallows J* 1-1 whatever is presented to it, and very rare oc'ho casions trouble. Though Jlowls must be prose. ! vided with a roof and decent habitation, and tys* supplied with corn, which is costly, the cot"tf.tage garden waste, and the snails and slugs <?st which are generated there, with the kitchen ? . b '3 scraps and otlal, furnish the hardy ducks with I HI t'n I the means of subsistence. And at night they j | I ef- require no better lodging than a nook in an ' to open shed. Jf a habitation be expressly made [ irs. for them, it need not. necessarily be more than r 11 "o a few feet in height, nor of heller materials _|_ than v titties and c ay mortar, adoor being use- j "g less, unless to secure lucm from thieves.? ea- Doyle's Dommtic J'oultri/. ?? :he # ^ ?"! Don't trust ft man because he talks nice and {?;, looks you straight in tin; eyes. Some ol the /"\1 worst dead hems we ever knew, would stare an i ^ J honest man ?ut of couutenance. j M A GREAT* INDUSTRY. Dtlon Seed the Corning Wonder"? low Planters Disposed cf It In the varly days?Its various Tacs?The us 'Olive Oil" of To-day?Its CwmnierJul Ini'iortiiuce ? Vast Source of il1 * r<> ierenue. ci< wo hundred years before Christ. Ilerodo-! astonished t e reading world by writing, j itl lore is ft pluut In iDelia wlilch produces. r.1 >1 finer and better than Hint of sheep, nnd j 'L unlives make thoir clothing of It." The,,11 jouuccment was something so lnrout of! , regular order of nature, ns then underod, I hat It Is Mild to have almost brought rodotus Into damaging dlf-r<-puie, lor t?-w u' re there who found it an easy matter to l>r oiiciie themselves to the belief that wool, fj' i>*vn only as the productof an animal, cotild > be produced by a plant; Indeed it is ns- 1111 ted thnt "hosts persistently refused to be- ns. re, until Impoit-itions l;ad placed Indlspule evidence bcloro their very eyes." .Sup-;!"1 e Herodotus had gone still further, an- t?r' incing that the same plant yielded tl/c ',l" tton of the sheep ns well as the wool? j.e' at then? It would have consigned tils ne to oblivion, of course; anc yet Ifcrodo-1 J?*; would liave been Just about as near the I . Hi In that statement as In the other. The1 : tton was actually there, or its like. but;w' Innately for Hi.r.idoths (who had as much!"1 lie could stand up under hi the wool story). ,.ll: Jld not know it. | p to the beginning of our late civil war, rn ha<i (n i r.iUitil in the United states 1 ?:1 its lint alone, the seed being looked upon ln the planters as a disagreeable but unavold-) p e nuisance. A few iiad applied it their V1 dsa<a fertilizing agent, though the pr?ling practice wan either to burn itout<t ,n i way or to leave it to rot in iieaps at ti.'o so . Live slock of vaiious Hinds evinced a ttl position to feed upon it, but in tnost cases i stock \v:is fenced off, the owner believing vould prove injurious if eaten. "Necessity P1 ho motlierof invention," 'tis said, and tlil-s 1,1 inglng into existence during the war, "J iseu the Southern people to turn their at-1 ?( Hon to cotton seed, more or IcH.h, with u | Kr w to l<*irnlng whether or not there was; 01 ^thingTn It that could be utilized. j 81 he story of how cotton seed went on step w step into various uses Is au interesting sl> i; but entirely too long for presenting ln*? all. it finally attracted tiio attention of; er chemists, who saw proper to luvestiuate i .s an article of lood for domestic animals, j i'1 t started n "boom," us Miey say. Ir. favor of i ^ rklng cotton seed, and led to the establish- tv ntof many eoitdn seed "oil mills" in varii sections of the South. And the boom has itlnucd to increase ln volume up to the sc ssent day. I ?' COTTO:: SEED TIIE CODING WONDER. j it this point a question may take shape In u| : minds of the uninformed ut the subject a> newiiat as lollows: "To wl at uses are hi !>e immense products of cotion seed ap- la cd?" They are applied to many uees. Tho w tnenl resulting from grinding t .akeis w w largely employed in almost all jnrlsof r? ; world where such things are In vogue, i 8 ul oncentrated fertilizer lot'laud ; ilia thought w be the most periect concentrated lerili./.er u] own, while at the same time it is the least i ui pensive. Ii also figures as a lendir.g Ingrc- hi mt in various compounded fertilizers uow p< miinently upon the markets. The oil-cake p] sxtensively consumed both In (his country ai tl in Kurope as a feed for stock, it having m ? ? - 1 - ?i--? r*..f II JJIUVtll U_> IIUl.UH veto rank higher for that purpose. Die in advantageously applied to a very grear. rletv of uses?to almost every use Unit could made of a non-hardening and non-drying I , possessing no objectionable properties dlclnally, and being comparatively lnex-|], isivc. It has largely taken the place of Lj d for all purposes where lard oil tailed, I lining not only superior in every particular, jj, t cheaper. Tanners have pronounced it an j ? entirely suitable for leather, and even thet n, ol-carder and spinner has borne testimony ^ its decided superiority over all other oils in t] i calling. A tine iubrieaMni; oil for dcSlcatc ; ichinery Is made of It. glvlug entire satis- w lion, in a word, its natural cleanliness, v, edom from unpleasant odors and great per- t, Hon as to keeping qualities, all combined, j, ve rendered it a decided favorite in every w le, so far as lested, where there is any de- S( md for an oil of its general character. ^ Jut the most romantic portion of the story q yet to be told. All along the greatest dcmd for our cotton-seed oil has come from 0 rope, and hence much ihe greater propur- u n of it has been exported. What were they s( lug with it over there? We could not an- Vl er the question at first, but finally, on the ), inclpie that "murder will out," we got In 5' ssession of the secret. They were refining 0 d shipping it back to us for our use os "olive ,*' and we wore using it. probably with feel- ^ ;s of Riaiiiude towurd our Kuropi-an neigh- b, is for having suppl.ed us wltha better qual- C) ofollibun common, at the seeming low f, ce of from $3 to 51 per gallon?a produc licit lindane fioin us only n few month js fore, leaving a-* an equivalent for each gal- ^ 1 exported the Just, and full suin of from C( Irty lo forty cents! Jut the true climax In our romance in real i has not yet been roached. A new use for jj ton-seed oil has been discovered, an ac.int of which forms tho most remarkable rtlon of the story. As already staled, the icovery was made that we were consuming, a salad oil, large quantities of oiir cottonid product, shipped to Us from Europe, utctively labeled with a new name. It went f,ni us ns simple and unimportant cotton- r( doll, and came back as the popular and icli-prized olive oil. It was as good In ev- cj : particular, at least. Thi< led an Inquiry ,0 the uses made of real olive oil in the rf entries where produced, developing Ihe fact |j it it was the culinary oil (the meat and a] d) of the people over there; and straight- n y a suspicion seized upon a few scientific [, n?ls In this country that possibly our cot-. st i-seed oil might be made tne same for us. ti ty not, since It was so much like olive that b could not tell one from the otner? uuiif w were wc to know? Jiy test, of course ; Kv l wlui was brave enough to make that test V r| last the hrave ninn turned up, and, "won- c< fill to telllie hii I "found !" Helloed coti-sced oil was everything that could be <ie- c, 2d as a substitute for lard or other animal w s In cu'iimry operations. For frying steaks. |4 frying llsli, for shortening bread, cake and 0| ists, for making gravies, and so on.it was :n superior to lard, imparting nounpleas- st Ljllavor or odor whatever; in a word, bring- sj r no unsatisfactory results, dietary orotli u vise; but on the other hand, making llnht- S( and better bread, cakes and crusts than d lid be made with lard, and proving deci- a, l!y more disgestlbie, to say nothing of be- t; ; considerably cheaper. Apottndof cottond oil, costing llie consumer not more m 12 cents under the most unfavorable cirintances, will yo luliy sis far, in a culinary Mt y, as poiiud onu a half of lard. Wlicu a a, n of steak has been fried with it, the oil I only obsorhed by the steak may be poured < '< ik into the can and used again at another U ie, being Just as clear and pure as before It -s put over the fire. There is something 01 jut it which prevents a union with auimal P purities. As a consequence of ail tills, it Is tj nlng rapidly Into general use, and the ' >ner it gets fully in use the better for the w )pic, undoubtedly. A popular Southern di .ler, treating 011 lids same subject,says: ti '1 cn it lias gone into general use, which Is w ly a question of time, tlu*re will 110 longer P 1st an excuse for writing as nn epitaph over al ; grave of departed Southern vigor, "Died }c ne?oi the frying-pan." ' Hid the si range story of cotton-seed, the nlng wonder, cannot be permlitcd to stop )>' . n here. The chemist has lately discovered T neans of converting colton-sced oil inio an P ;ellent substiiule for butter?an article far di lerlor to llie best, olemargarine ever made, ? d cheaper. It Alls nil the ofliees of butter, Hi for culinary and (or table use, and is it nlng tapidiy into general favor, as It seems " give entire satisfaction wherever tested. 01 id here we pause to await the next step. t FKOF. J. P. STELLE. ? OWNSHIP ASSESSORS. I * obedience to Section 2IS of an Act of Assembly to provide for the assessment nnd ;ation of property, approved Dth I-'eb. isSi e following named persons are hereby apInted a Board ol Assessors for the rcspeee tow nships in whlcu they reside. NINETY-SIX TOWNSHIP. M. Pope, M. B. Lipscomb, Geo, M. Anderson. fiREKN WOOD TOWNSHIP. A. C. Waller, . C. C. Law; W. G. Itice. COKESBUBY TOWNSHIP. B. McGhco, B. Z. Ilemdon, T.J. Ellis. Sr. DONALDSVILLE TOWNSHIP. B. Acker, J. It. Latimer W. E. Barm ore. DUE WEST TOWNSHIP. U. Carwile, M. B. Cllnlcscales, F. \V. H. Nance. I.ONO CANE TOWNSHIP. K. Cochran, Francis Ilenry, E l ward Westflold. SMITHVILLE TOWNSHIP; II. Rykunl, w. A. Lonmx, H. II. Devlin. AVJIITK HALL TOWNSHIP. ? t). R. Caldwell, T. M. Denily, S. P. Brooks. INDIAN HILL TOWNSHII*.' t t>#*t.t t? u' t.!??o 1 U. IlUUJliWII, *? ".ijuvu, T. M. Jay; CKDAR SPIUGS TOWNNSIIIP. , J. L. Pressly, John E. Bradley, Capt. Tlios. Lyon. ^ AKI1KVILLK TOWNSHIP. II. Parker, A. E. Lcsly,I)r. J. W. Thomas. DIAMOND I1ILL TOWNSHIP. A. Black, J. E. Brownlee,! L, Dr. J. H. Boll. LOWNDESVILLB TOWNSHIP. eo. Baker, J. P. Young,, Dr. J. B. Mosclcy. j MAGNOLIA TOWNSHIP. ? W. M. Taggart, B. A. Boyd, i Edwin Calhoun. CALIIOUNS MILLS TOWNSHIP. 0. Tolinan, J. II. Latimer J. S. Brltt. H0RDKAUX TOWNSHIP. ?. Jennings, J. B. Ilolloway, I). J. Ward law. J. T. PARfiS, ? Auditor. Iny 31,18S2, tf gusta aDd Knoxville Railroad Co.SUPKUINTENIIENT'S OFFICE, rust a am) Knoxville Railroad Co. | tt Augusta, Ga., May 13,1882. j & 3MMEXCING Monday 15th Instant, tlic . following schedule. will he operated, ft ins run by Augusta City time: (J NO. 1 NORTH. I j ve Augusta .7 30 a m ! ' ive at Greenwood ...I 10 p m no. 2 sou rH. M ve Greenwood U 30 p m V ive at Augusta.. 7 10 p m J mnect nt Greenwood with C. & G. trains Greenville and points Wcs't, for Columbia points East. A.- J. TWIGGS. General .Superintendent. . Knox & Co.;, oft bei -AGENTS I OR- jn (lo; MR. TOM YOBKG' * JRE CORN WHISKEY 5 IIE l>6st and purest CORN WIIIS-! KEY Brought to tills market. I T une ?, 1881, tf j _ Holmes' liniment It the Mother's Frier il $1.50 bottle. .n EDWIN PARKER. ay 10.1?82, -It ' I t IJLIiLSHW ajum^Mi u i nj^^uig Manures? and Plowing. ! f [&>uL\em Cultivator and Dixie Farmer,'] J Jo!. John II. Dent, of Georgia, w riles t-> the j iii.'icr.i ll'orld that u:iy f irmer who slack's ' | ) rht head of hordes, unci pens ten head ofj |\ 'HiJ A<iM\a ul.rt/.n uit/4 tin Id { n ItlVtnnr- ' >ii, ami will hire an nctlvc baudby the your j (ru? l?.t m>m and stock num. nn.i to perform ii? . p,-, (lor labor bin the collcctlnx and heaping u'. mures, un.l to litter the una, ft-., wi l make j.; iiiltlGiciicy of mamma (piovld.-d ? j $ iniion of ciops is obs. rv*d, si* well at toxuvr < jvtT on your fields,) as will on rich a farm on o hundred cultivated acre, without ha\ ing buy commercial fertilizers. It inasmuch riai t of h fanrier'? duty to make manures iik is to make hi* fencing, cultivate his crops d house them. This modern mania for f.-rizers is only a speculation inaugurated by tton planters to make heavy y'.cl Is of cotn; It s one of these manias that will have < day and time, and then die out. Farming A oper?that is, mixed crop's, consisting of U rn, wheat, oafs, potatoes, peas and grass and | cor iVer?enables one to do much f-ir preserving of id improving the lands by rotat ion, as weli, .lor by turning under clover and stubble. The J vantages are much greater than with the unter who plants only corn and 'cotton i>ps; hence, as above remarked, with tlit ^ nount of stock named, and a hand to atnd the collection of manures as a sped tll.v, ij I- n 2iW-ucre farm, bought manures are un'ccssary?all required can be maJ on the mi. Much has been raid in f.tvor of cultivating lili sweeps, hut it isa plow herottid nevertao- Jiil ire. Housed them when a cotton planter, id they d'\s:ro.\ cd young grass by wholesaleit on hrok'*n lands Ill's lands washed away pidly after them, and on fiat lande they betnc compact t>y heavy r.ilns. lie prefers, e Iron tooth harrow as a cultivator, or tho .... -I" 4l.m> 1 ....... (>./> ?* i.l.I I a better condition ths.nJ the swec >. He is t is.'led we have not yet the right implement cultivating to break lh'> mldd'cs Willi; iinethins Is wanted that is light, thoiough 1(1 expeditious. He Is for four feet rows. With the nnrro v 'stem, the narrow answers an excellent pur>se r"er the second plowing, and he can isike more coru and 11s large-eared corn us any an can 011 the wider row. Hut he Is in favor ' any system that- one succeeded at. The . eat error in our farming is the want-of thor- (k i;:h plowing In the f.tll and winter. \Ve B lek too intieh to tlieoUl onc-hor.>eplow, with fir hlcli we cannot break up our Innds as tliev iould he broken; hence, our spring work is ? i hard, and drought all'ects our crops so marlnliy. On Ills lann th'*re is a striking inanceofit, During the winter he broke up Js ic poorest land in a Hel l of sixiy acre? -s venty acres with thcHrlnly No. .3 plow, with vo horses attached ; the balance of the field .is broken up with one-horse scoote1' plows. _ eaking at. least eight Inches ?lei-p. (The I ooLers used were the square pointed scoot- * s) He planted ilie whole land (HOacre-0 in ' rii that spring. At least six bushe.^1 more r.i W is inside to the acre 011 tin* land broken l> with the Hrlnly plow, and all was planted id attended alike. It member, the part "oken with the Brlnly ; 1 ms was llm jioorest nds. The next fall lie sowed the field in lnut, and the wheat on that twenty acres a-! at least one third better than that on th?? I >st of the field, and sowed managed . ike. He can account lor Tt lu no other ' ay, except it having been thoroughly broken 11,1 p with lurjrc two-horse plows, and turning Al uderu heavy coator grass and other litter,! us caused ttic dWi.rence. As such. If we ex-1 1 ?et to farril succcssfjihy. wo must use proper j ? low* and plow thoroughly: if not. manure j -.4! fine seed will avail but little. The plow,! id thorough plowing, must be the beginning j * 1 mukc tine crops and benefit tJio luud. /\ The "Southern Winter" Turnip. [Southern Cultivator and Dixie Farmer.1 People in the South who have cultivated on- rm the varieties of turnips Unit nre uriiwn nt |fl le North have no conception of how exceeil- ( I igly valuable the turnip crop may be made B Die. It Is well known that, In Kuglnnd, tur R ips with .which to winter sheep are the leans whereby tho hind.? have been brought I J >a higher s;-ile of pro lucii\e icssan.I rental lan in any other countiy in the world. In ur Northern States. though t'.irni|s jjufwas! ell in England or anywhere, their economic ulue Is cancelled by tne fact that iheseverif of the wluters necessitate* harvesting and ' *B ouslns? them, as Is nut done in the milder Bj Inter climate of England. And with most!-" >rts, the same need exists even in the cotton 1 A tales. Hut there Is a sort which, while it is I le of the very best; in every respect, flour-]CO lies without the slightest protection, in the'... ,>en ground throughout our coldest winters,;? Hording not only the cheapest and best of lj( :oelc Iced, but*constltntcs fluest yi culinary: esclables.all the time,and whatever of them fit *Tefl over In the*prlng, producing more and I rn niter "greens" than the mustard, spinach or!11 ther beds that are sown specially for sucli I urpose. This vr.rp ly the "Southern \V n- j "tf ;r." and Is. in every way ami by .nil odds, the j If! est for the main crop at Sou .It, Indeed, ex- i *' jptn very few purple top, or while Iwtch, I ir the early use, there is really no need for jar tiy other kind than "yuithern Winter," for It 1 not only more productive and reliable than ic others, but it lasts loin; alter they nil lie-1 fu )ine pithy, even wncn they can be kept, as I icy cannot without storing, while the) southern Winter" is all the better for bjing j fit iu the field till sprint'; ' S. J. llATi nKWA I Live Stock on the Cars. The Supreme Court of Ucoi'gla, in a cn-e out Green county ugainst the O cor-la Kail>u(t.-clulmi:iK damages fur iive stock Injured y negligence, has rendered the fy.lowing dcslon: 1. Where a suit was lirought against a rail-1 >ad on a written contract lor tiie shipment of I ve stock, tlie declaration could not bo in mended by alleging that the agents oftbel , illioad company procured the contract by I til aud and deceit as to the capacity and eon- ?. ruction of the car to be uaoi in the transpor-, ? itlon of the stock?such representations not sll eing In the written contract rued oh?and jat by reason of such exception the animals: te ere badly crowded In loading, and were sc- _ < . ou.-ly damaged. '1 lie suit was brought on U 11' antral, tiie amendment was bused on a tort, (a.') Especially was this the case where tbu mi met was to be executed in the county In en hicli the suit was brought, anil the fraudu :nL sUvtcinciiLa and louding occurred in an- lher county: 2. A railroad company transporting live ,oek may contract with the shipper lor a coil- 111 deration that the company shall he released urn all liability for damages accruing to I tie j .oek disconnected and apart from tue cou-1 |-j net or running ot tho trains, such as dam-j ijes lrom overloading, suilbcutiou, heat and I at 10 like. |?*J Bedroom Ventilation.?Is ltnecossary to1 w ate that t tie sickeninir odors so pi-rccp.ible .1, : the Hi at.of the morning many ill-vei.t. uted j eeplng apartmentarise from tlielaot that met Hisiuetablc volume of enrbome acid, with j t4 ie vapor of per-pi ration and other animal I xliillations, arumingled with theutmo-piieie j . rttie ehaiu ber? Science prove.- ttiat all these i,l roduct are deadly poison. Nature e.xpvls; t| lem from the system bet-aase they poison j ie system. Yet we Insist on enclosing them I 'Ithin tour walls. We stint up doors, winovvs and even chimney places, that not apar- 1 cle may cscape. Nay, we surround our bods 1th ?li?c drawn curtains, lor the express urpose, it would seem, of preventing veutiltion, lor the express purpose of ln.g.'inx elo^e i i h,? tiiiidiiMdiiK as mosnhcru of our own bod !?, ami so re-absorbing Into our systems the ery atoms which, by the laws ol (iod, have foil cast out because they are detrimental, hut we do re-abs:n b these poisons needs no roof. '1 )i<.> s.mie act of brealhintt which renurs them perceptible to the sense <>i sineli, iitses thein to visit overv air ceil, to permeate eery blood \e*>el of the litres, and come ji ito positive contract with all tin: muni ess 8. lyriad of streams which are traversing the V? le hundred and sixty-six spume yuriis of 'Si>iratory surface.?The Outlook. IABT & CGMPANV Hardware Merchants* .. ? . ? &s HEADQUARTERS FOR IANIEL PRATT COTTON GINS feeders & Condensers. iie brown cotton gins, feeders and condensers. f( :howeld cotton niEss, engines ii . ...^ en A^XJ U1.N U-ftAlii.W. Br T. GRANT'S PATENT FAN MILLS, let ; tlK clc AGENTS FOR r'? ALDWIN FEED CUTIERS, Br BURRAI.L CORN* SHELLERS, THOMAS BUADFORT) & GO'S; Tli on CORN, WHEAT ANI> FEED MILLS. ib< ft tlx FOR SALE. t? IN BRISTLES, BABBITT METAL, BELTING, MILL STONES, MILL PICKS, AND FULL LINES OF HARDWARE, i ~ STATE AGENTS FOR emp's Manure & Cotton Seed Spreader jREMESI Agricultural IfffiRf ftJ A |i ilnj^ntlo?o{THE ACEi Bf & KflIS' H LVEm"ztR?efn&RTCOMB!NED j ^ ea J)0 i>er cent of the labor, and doubles the value : __ the Manure, one loa>l spread in one-tenth the time U leflttiiurthe crop ah much n? (wo pitched out by II id. InaiMpenHRbln or the Mower *nd T?pap<r. wll the cottou section* it will nuve the labor of half a fi-ii toumen. Spreads Muck. Marl, A?he*. Lime. Cotton- n.sd, etc.. broadcast or in drills. For iUWratOd cata, ue and full particulars addrees !? ? 'tin ; t END FOR PRICES. j _ HART & CO., Charleston, S. C. I unc 11,1882, tf Stereoscopes |p^ ND Stereoscopic Views. A line assortL luent both Foreign and Anioriiai., at j J. I'. fHAl.Mi.tC-?. i Vi.-ircli 20,18S2, tf < (. i - -- I -a- ' - : ; IARBER SHOP. 0 ICIIARI) OA NTT. in now prepared to <lo , all work In ltis department In the lic-t liner mid at r< a-oi.&We chnrges. Monthly toirteri Siatr rutting nnd shuinj! 112 31 rcr month. Kasois hon<-d and put Ilicln'sl condition for 2n cents fitch. hup liit'li-r tht J'icts and Banner otllce. larch 10.1SR2, ir H. G.scoddayT Attorney and Counselor af Law, AiMJi^xtr^uiN, t>. t;. FFEI'S liis professional servlri?? ta th'o.cH* Izcns of Abhuville. Tartlft; ^leiirfiia to isu'i with liiin, may do so at fnch.seiwlnn iho Point lor the County,or l#y letter at Anson C II. uue 15. lS8I.tr PEAKE&BRO -AGENTS FOR THE FAMOUS? clipse Traction and Portatable Engines! HE WAYNESBORO ECLIPSE SEPARA TOR. SAW MILLS. MOTION GINS. AlTHE AMHRICAN FRUIT DRYER. Pur s*\v tailing the ubovc, address SPEAKE & BR0.. Kinard's T. 0., S. C; Ir. JOHN KNOX Is our only ajjont to sell 2 Eclipse l'.nxlnes itnd .Si'imralors and nerlcun Fruit Driers In Abbeville County. SPEAKE & RRO. Marcli 20.18-S2,12m Clifombs; LARGE lot of new Chromos 22 x 28 and I 21 x '>().) on exlilbil'on and lor sale, at !u eaeli :it \V. P. WARDLAW. \pril 20, 18SL II0IICE! # N ACCORDANCE "WITH THE nt f/% ruiua biiiM^linu f<\i? tlto vbnr unmen'cing November 1st, 1881, aj> oved February dth, 1882. Notice i'3 ?reby given that the Treasurer'* of)e of Abbeville County, will be open r the collection of taxes [ONBAY, MAY 1,1682, id will remain open until June 1st. The rate per contum of taxes is as Hows: State purposes....,.;;.::::.....4j Hillis. County current 8 " Deficiencies 1} " Schools 2 " To'.nl ;i:;;...il j mills. Poll Tax Si. "The taxes shall be collected in twd stallments, viz: The first instal (>ul shall be (hie and payable from e first day of May to the first day ofv jlie, 1882, and the second installment lal! be due and payj ble from thetifenth day of SeptehiUer to the thirt3*st^lay of October, 1882." A penalty of five per centum attachto the first installment if not paid the first day of Jhiic, iss2. Tax-payers can pay all in May if iey desire to do so. Taxes are payable in the following ind of funds and no other: Goid id silver coin, United States Chrren\ National Bank Note, aiid Coupons hich shall become paj-able during icyear 1882, on the valid Consolidate I Bonds of this State, known as , Brown Bonds," also Jury Col tifiCate's ul tlx prr (/ion of Slate witnesses in le Circuit Courts will be received for our.ty Taxes not including School axes. J.W.PERRIN, , : County Treasurer. Treasurer's Office. April 5, 1882, 4t iiiy^liKiRUAM lUkiivHiuiiniTi ?AND TEMPLETON, -HAVE RECEIVED THEIRspring Stock, ?and are prepared to serve the public? DRY GOODS, CROCKERY^ iKUUJttlllffij, HATS IPS, BOOTS AND SHOES, Vprll 5,1882,11 TlTclark, )R THE GOOD OF TEE CRAF? HAVE CONCLUDED TO GIVE MY whole attention to my Shop. I shall give UOOD ATTENTION. If any person wishto have hts WATCHES REPAIRED Ing thorn In. I have nil the tools and ma ials to do it up in the best of style and at E lowest rates possible. If you want yoni ick repaired bring it in and it will be dune ht. It you want your JEWELRY MENDED lag lton. If you want your SEWING MACHINE MENDED is Is the place to get It done In tliebcst o( Jer. Yon can haveany plecemade new, or : old one repaired. If you want your gun of itol repaired this is the place to have 1C lie. All these articles will be repaired icf ? best of order at the Lowest Prices. ?ive me a trial and satisfy yourselves?' :RMS CASH. JOHN L CLARK. New Illll MI KT.P.Wardlair lBBEVILLE,S. C. AS opened a new stock of FURNITURE over the store of A. M. Hill & Son, and1 II be pleased to receive a call' from his' ?nds. His slock consists of every variety FURNITURE usually kept In a tlrst-class re. All (if which is ottered at prices to suit ?times. 'eb.S), 1881. tf KTotice. NY person having demands acrnlnst the estate of GEN. JAMES GILLAM, will 'sent, them to Ihe Exccnior, and those In-"' >ted to the estate will please pay up. R. C. GILLAM, Executor, ircenwoi'd, May to. C'?