The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, August 24, 1881, Image 2

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mmmmm ?? r-teg - J? the Press and Bannei Of Hn?h Wilson and H. T. TVardlar Wednesday, August 24, 188j Tne Constitution That Is Good Enoag for I At tliclafct meeting of tjie Legish ture tliwtbwiy appointed several con mittees to discharge specific d title; ?u<i to make a report of their work t the West meeting of the General Ai eembly. We gee that the committee on th Revision of the Constitution will i< tommend certain changes in our pre; egt State Constitution. The inform? lion which we have is very limite( and we have seen no good reaso urged for any change at ail. Among the changes rccommcnde is one, to make the Judges' tenure t office for life or daring good bt havior. To this change we shall ol ject most strenuously. The politics condition of this country is unsettler and the State may be alternately i the hands of the Republicans ar ihe Democrat-". And the Republicar coming into power may seek at an time under some pretext to unseat tl: Judges for political reasons, as tli Republicans were unseated a fe years ago t>y Uie uemocrais. annn er reason is, the first regular electio which could take place after the pr< posed change, would be four yea' hence, and they may then elect sue men as they elected a few years ng< and to have such men saddled on i for life would beacalaraity unendun ble. Another proposition is to hold th State elections at a different time froj the national elections. There is n reasons for economy, for good govert ment, or the public good, to urge th change. The only reason which coul be urged is a political one, and a coi stitution should uot be a political it strument to favor one party or to dra down another. Another proposition is, to mato -1 ?11 /i^nrifu nn,I SJhjfr A lilt? It'i 1119 Ul ail VWUU 4,J (IUU fleers four years instead of two, i now. We see no special need of th change. Various of theseofTieers liav been elected every two years for hundred 3'cars, and the plan has worl ed satisfactorily in the past. Another proposition, is to chanc the annual,sessions of the Legislatui to biennial sessions and to elect ti members for four years instead of tw This move seems so impracticable, ac is so wanting in plausibility, that w presume it is scarcely necessary I pronounce oar objection to ths change. A few of the States iu tl years that are past have tried bienni; sessions, and a majority of them ha> gone back to the oh! way, and tl others will do the same in a litt * i ile. And It is also proposed to tamp* with the suffrage question, though - --1-J ?4?1 ?That nnn JS assyricu uui maici iai ij . A .... *,? lion might just as well be let alon It is just as good as we can make i Of course any tampering with tl suffrage question is for political ret sons, and can be for none other. Tb rights of the negro canuot be abrldj ed without abridging our own righl in the exact ratio. Weobjecttoall the proposed amenc ments because the eff<?rt will excit the jealousy and suspicion of a larg portion of our voters, and even if th changes were effected they are inexpt <lient or of doubtful advantage. "We object to the agitaMon of a quej lion about which our people are s sensitive, at a time when it will re quire our best efforts to maintaii X>emocratic supremacy. We object to the agitation of th proposed amendments, because it wil weaken us before the people, aud wil Jesson our chances of a Democrati at the election in 1S82. We object to all the proposed chang es because they are without merit and should not be made, even it w could effect them by the mere wish t do so. The Constitution of South Carolina as it stands to-day, is without an equs in these United 8tate*>, and it is nc ikely that political changes to benefl cr injure either political party will h for the public good. We are tired of eternal change, an constant agitation. We had hope when the Democratic party got in! ft power that we would have a rest, an * that the Ship of State would nail inl quiet waters, but it *eems that a spir of unrest pervades the minds of ot people, and that between dissensioi among ourselves, and this ceasele war on the best constitution by whic any people were ever governed, v may yet be dashed to pieces on tl frboala and breakers. Hard Times. It is only necessary for one to ri? into the country to become con vine* of the alarmingly short crops of th year. In our opinion we are on tl eve of a panic, the like of which v i have never seen. Hundreds of fare Scrs cannot begin to pay for the a jvanoea which they have received < the crop, and the greatest number 'them have mortgaged their mult TV ago 118 auu came iu or^uit luc IJL, roent of the lien. Ia some instanc the merchant may be able to wait, b it is fair to predict tlmt many plow* a imals will be sold off the various fare of delinquent debtors It boboov every citiz?n to husband all his r sources, and to contract no new deb of any kiud. The failure of the cro; in the West will most likely send i the price of corn and bacon to a figu which will do much to embarrass 1 still further. It is possible that tl failure of the crop will very materia ly effect the value of real estate, and is barely possible to see the prices farminglandsgodown to the figures which it sold three or four years ag Prudent men will of course be caref about contracting debts at this tim and those who are in debt have tl greatest reason to fear evil cons quences. Dr. Lindsay in his last letter to tl Associate Reformed Pretbyterit says: 4*The spiteful editorial in the Pre and. Banner about me is regretted f the sake of the writer, and not for at injury it may inflict upon me." II is strange to us that as learned roan ac Dr. Lindsay should not I able to discern the difference betwet a "spiteful editorial" and a respectf criticism. There was nothing in 01 piece that partook of "spite." \1 merely remarked upon the charact of his writing, and not a word w intended to reflect upon him persont ]y. We maintain that even pious I vines should observe the ameniti and proprieties of life, and that tlx have no right to offend the finer sens bilities of cultivated and virtuous pe pJe by retailing to them whatever scandal may come to their ears. We have good respect for Dr. Lin say, and we wrote not to injure hii but to ask his attention to an error i to which we thought he had fallen, Bar Association. We understand that there is a mo on foot to establish a State Bar Ass ciation in South Carolina. Abbevi is about to propose an action whi will be seconded by the Bar of the e tire State. Such an association wou -no doubt be of great benefit to t " ? . !why The Prohibitionists Failed ii | ^ 3?orth Carolina. Dr. Lindsay In tbe last Aasocicit* r Reformed Presbyterian gives tiie fol lowing as the reasons for the fnilun . of the Prohibitionists in North Caro lina: ' T snrnntip llip nrnhihi}ionIsts liaV( failed in the old jSorth State, and thu whiskey and the devil will continue t< i, reirn. Isn't it awful, that in this ag< o ar.d In this land the demon of strung drink is to riot over the millions o our people, and flaunt its tiiumphs ii the very face of Christendom ? Wi o ought to study carefully the causes o j. thin failure. I think I can point oui some of them. 5* "1. The indifference of many pond H people must have a place. Surely ol! l,!who vote against prohibition are noi i, | in sympathy with liquor-sellers and With drunkards. We cherish the hope that thousands who thus note are op> ^ i posed to the liquor business, but the\ ;o!do not see fully the enormity of tlu j.| evil, and that the strong arm of tlu j law should be invoked to suppress it i Many good people, too, have the notion j that legal prohibition is contrary l< 1,1 the spirit of our democratic institun|tioHs, that it places a restriction upon .(personal liberty, and their fathers i fought for this, and they canuot givt ^ it up. y "2. The outrageous mendacity ol ,el the secular press is a large factor in tint failure. Every one reads newspapers ie and few learn to distinguish between w actual facts and gratuitous assertions, i- The papers assure us over and ovei n acrain that prohibition is a failure in Kansas, and also in Maine. We have v even seen the statement in reference re to the last State that more liquor was ? ? ? J I- *1 ? t.~ ~ ?kr h 80IU UUll UIUUK lllUlC man ui'iuiv uu 5 "Maine Law" went into operation. ' You could easily prove by newspnpei 13 assertions that prohibition increases drunkenness, and adds largely to the liquor-trafllc. e "3. A third cause of failure is found in the unscrupulousness of the liquoi 11 men. Those who live by making o drunkards' homes, of course have nr i- regard for the rights or interests oi js others. They usually have plenty ol money, and they spend it freely in " elections and in efforts to evade liquori laws when passed. A fair election is j. no more to be expected in our land, _ nor one that will be a fair expression ? of the popular will." We are of opinion that Dr. Lindsaj P would not have made this broad assertion about the secular press if h< bad been better informed as to tht 18 facts. '0 The Charlotte Observer, the leading newspaper of North Carolina, pub lished in one of the principal townso: the State for weeks daily furnished ' able and forcible articles favoring Pro hibition, and we have seen it stated 10 that three-fourths of all the newspa0. [(j per* of that State were warm advo >e cates of the law, and fully supported the Observer in its vigorous efforts t< ^ secure the desired change. Why Dr Lindsay should abuse the leaders ii; 16 j the temperance cause, and saddle tlx blame of defeat on those who worket *? most zealously for Prohibition is e mystery to us. Every intelligent mar in this country, except the learned Doctor, knows that the negroes voted . almost solidly against it, and that n large per cent, of white voters did the 6 same thing: for this reason it would now seem that he would turn upon its l" advocates. ie In this State the News and Courier led off in this work and that paper has c ho?n BiiQtninptl hv n lanre number of the country press, and whatever feeling has been developed in the Prohibition movement is due to the boldneas and unflinching ability with e which that paper has advocated the :e temperance cause. e Should the Legislature of South Carolina pass the Prohibitory law, leaving the people to ratify it, we need h have no hope of its success, and we ? trust that the Legislature of South Carolina will have the independence 0 acd the manhood to do whatever in their wisdom seems best, without any e truckling back to consult with Dick, * Tomaud Harry. Thatdrinking whis' key is our besetting sin is not to 'oe dec nied, and if somethiug isn't done to check it, there is 110 telling where we will stop on the downward course. '? We are of opinion that Dr. Lindsay e does whiskey dealers an injustice, and 0 one which will rcaet and injure the cause which he espouses. ' Dr. Lindsay's sneering and unjust remarks about the secular press no * doubt comes more from the effect of 11 indigestion than from any inclination e to do anybody any wrong, but we think it about time to hold upon the ^ secular press. Without their *ssistance and co-operation but little can be ? done in correcting any public evil. ^ Weclaim that the standard of thesec[? ularpress is fully up to that of the reIigious press in any respect. Ther? ir may be exceptions, but, as a rule, theii ** sentiment is as high, their morals isaf good, and their language is as pure And when it conies to the busiuesf ie part of their papers an examinatior ie and comparison of their advertising pages will prove that none of the reli gious newspapers cau lay claim t< higher standards than 6omc of thesec j ulur press. ?d , m | is Oar Consolidation. ie "A good many newspapers over tlx ire State have given editorial notices o n. our consolidation, and it would b( pleasing to us to publish their flatter ing notices; but we must for thistinn >n forbear, since we have an idea that wi of can get up better and more usefu ,8 reading matter for our patrons." Wo Hi a nhnvft naracranh fron eg last week's Watchman and Southron We do not take it at all to heart be n_ cause tbe editor of that paper ma: il8 "have had an idea that he could get uj e8 better and more useful reading''thai g. our paragraph would have been lts What we said was intended kindly pg and we have no doubt that all thi ,p brethren vho wrote notices of the con re solidation, meant the Bame, withou ug any thought as to whether tbe Watch ie man and Southron would or would no reproduce their remarks. jj We always copy whatever may b of said pleasantly of our paper, or eithe at of the proprietors, just as we wouli 0 do if the same thing were said abou uj any other citizen of the town. Ou e only regret is that a paragraph nov [le and then escapes our notice, as ou g_ notices of other papers are sometime overlooked. An editor must keep hi eyes open if be would see every littl paragraph in every paper. in In reproducing pleasant notices, w do not think anybody would charg ** us with vanity. We reproduce then y because of the pleasure one experience at receiving the approval of his friend a and neighbors. To have the respect te ful consideration of one's neighbors i >n worth a great deal to some of us, ant U1 a kindly regard of our craftsmen i ur more highly appreciated than gold ,'e We feel gratified at any kindly notic< er of our paper, whether our sentiment as are approved are not. We do no ii- claim to be infallible, and when w >i- err, we do not at all object to be sliowi es the right and tbe better way, and fo sy this reason should we at any time en si- gage in any controversy, we make it o- i rule to copy the remarks of our adver of;sary, provided he is respectful, am preserves the decorum becoming ai d-1 editor. We have been in tbe busines tn, i a long time and remember with mucl n- pl? asure having keen the recipient c , | many kindnesses from very many c the brethren, and no paper comes t the Press and Banner office whos ve visits are not enjoyed. He See the call to nominate town coun ch cil. Next Friday is entirely too boo. n- to make nominations, ild Tax-payers would do well to rea he Treasurer Perrin's advertisement, ati Cot. Wabdlaw came home Mod Enriching Pine Lands. t [From the Mobile Register.] ? Our pine lands consist, usually, of a dark, sandy loam, resting at the depth of .about one foot upon a clay loam, which, in turn, ut a depth of frotn threo to four feet, rests upon a stratum of strong red clay mixed more or less with sand. These clayey subsoils are looked upon as I t being of great advantage to the agricultu5 rist, holding, as they do, his fertilisers to j The Teachers* Association. It affords us pleasure to state that ? since our last issue a very attractivt ' addition hns been made to the pro > gramme of the proceedings of theAb beviile Teachers' Association. Miss I D. Martin, of Columbia, has consent s ed to prepare an essay to be road al J one of the meetings. "Her subject b } "A"Sketch." Miss Martin has been s( favorably known as the principal o ^ the High School for Girls, in C'olum; bia. that her presence at the meeting; j at Due West will be hailed with pleas , are. Let all our teachers and friends j >f education read tlie advertisemenl >ve publish this morning, and tliaj will feel ashamed to stay at home on I the Sth and Uth September. ?<a>? t THE FACTORIES OF AUGUSTA. [ Some Interesting Statements as to the Prosperity of a Neighboring City. Dr. Lindsay in Associate Reformed Prcs bylcrian. August 9th, 1881. This has boon callod the canal city, and J the designation is very appropriate, for the canal is a prominent source of prosperity. On it the factories are located, and it furnishesa most magnificent wa1 ter-power, which, when fully utilized, i -MI 1._ ? monnrunrnrinir nitr 7 win jiitinu una <? uiuimmi.vvv.....^ ?^ but little behind the largest even in New England. The canal was first dug in 1843 f by Judge John P. King and others. It : is 40feet wide and.5 feet deep, but when two flour mills and. the Augusta Cotton j Factory were supplied, the water was exhausted. It was thus seen that it must | be enlarged, if it should ever be the source of much prosperity to the city. 1 The enlargement was begun in 1872 aiid ; finished in 1876; it was made 150 feet wide ' syid 10 feet deep, whii-h greatly increased > the motive power. The cost of the en! largement I think, was over ?1,000.000. , The canal leaves the river at the head ol the shoals, seven miles from the city and , has a fall of 50 feet. , There are several factories in successful operation, and others in course of erec tion. The oldest is the Augusta Factory ' which was begun in 1847, has now a capital of ?600,000, 25,000 spindles 8,000 looms, ' and has paid from 8 to 20 per cent, pet ? annum for the last 16 years. The Presif dent is Wm. E. Jackson. f The Enterprise Factory has a capital o) i half a million of dollars, and is about to . be enlarged to double its present capaci, ty. Wm. T. Jackson is the President. "John M. Clark A Co. has a Yarn Mill ' of nearly 4,000 spindles. 1 The Council}' Factory has about 15,00C spindles. The Sumraerville Mills have 4,000 spindles, and are said to have paid a.* high a dividend as 40 per cent per annum. The Sibley Manufacturing Co. has a car . ital or ?wi/,uw, ana wuen iuihFjchu, run 30.000 spindles, and 1,000 looms. All of the buildings are not completed, and ; only a part of tho machinery in place. . Work was com minced about a year ago and some months must elapse before it is ' entirely finished. Tho buildings art I quite numerous, and somo of them on f magnificent scale The largest is 350 feel in length by 76 in width, and four stories I in height. The forelay is 40 feet wide, and . 200 feet in length, and 11 feet deep, the wheel-pit 100 icct square and 36 feet deep; ' 25 feet of this was blasted.out of the solid I rock. j The Superintendent's residence is j handsome house of threo stories ; office, two stories ; dye-houso ; cloth house 15C i feet long; boiler and picker house 100 bv 4 60, four stories; cotton ware-house, 2<k ' by 40, four stories ; waste house, (>0 by 40, I two stories. There aro six brick tenct ments residences for operatives. Across the canal opposite tho main building, 1 about ten acres of land have been graded I off for twenty dwelling houses of four I tenements each, two stories. The Company own forty acres of land ; tho site l for the building is 5 or 8 feet above any ; freshet. There have been employed as many as 700 hands at a cost from 75 cts to ! ?5.00 per day ; can get as many as wanti od ; most of them are negroes. Three-fourths of the capital has been taken by western ana nortnem ' The .Superintendent is J. S. Davis, a Massachusetts man. The President in . Mr. Win. C. Sibley, an Augusta man. He is rich, but his wealt h does not keep him from work, and better than all else ho is a Christian gentleman, of the Presbyterian Church, whoso hand and heart are open to all good things. When tho Sibley Mills aro completed, they will employ about 1,000 operatives, and add about 3.000 to the population of the city. The Langley Factory, though located about 8 miles from the city, on the Carolina side, is properly an Augusta institution. It was organized in 1870 with a capital of $400,000 and has 10,000 spindles, 31*9 looms, and employs about 3*2o operatives, two-thirds of whom are women and children. The dividend paid in the last 3 years was 35 per cent.; in the last 12 months, 13 per ccnt.; and for tho six months ending June 30th, 8 per cent. The President of the Sibley Mills also presides over this factory. Langley ten years ago had only twenty or thirty inhabitants; it is now a town of 900 people. The Company within the last two years have built a neat church at a cost of $4,000, which was paid for by the corporation and charged to protitaud loss. They contributed this present year towards the support of the pastors of the Methodist. Presbyterian, Baptist, and Episcopal Churches, who each held service one Sabbath in each month. After the publicschool money was exhausted, about tho first of March, the Company at its own expense, continued pav to the teachers. No liquor is allowed to be sold within two miles of the Mill*. Isn't this a pretty ' 1' t i/?n f good record ior a sonimss uuipmtiun . If some Edward Garrett could go through these factories and get behind ( tho scenes, the materials for many a useful book and thrilling narrative could be collected. The shameful work of sin and ' the blessed fruits of divine grace would be presented in striking contrast. The operatives are nearly all white people, and generally present a neat and healthy appearance. I knew a family in Abbe. ville who wero almost starved; they [ came hero ten years age; the children were employed in a factory, and they now i make a very comfortable living. It presents a better opening for poor girls from the country than anything else I know of 5 A little practice at the looms enables t t girl to earn very good wages. On all th( r streets near tho Factories there are the ' rum-hclls, ever open todraw in their vie - tims and despoil them of their hard-earn } ed pittances. Granitevillo and Vaucluse belong als< to the environs of Augiu.ia, and I may collect statistics about them for some fu ture letter. Tho John P. King Factory has beer chartered for a capital of fl,000,000, to bf located hero on the caual. The stock htu f not yet been subscribed, and the work 01 i it has not commenced. The success witl - which the cotton inauuiacturing in teres e has been prosecuted in this city, is ven > creditable to the financial skill and bu&f j ness management of all concerned. TU< Northern capitalist can certainly tin< nothing to complain of, in the welconn l with which bo is here received, and in tin handsome dividends which he gets I'o the money he here inveHts. Such enter " prise do much to destroy sectionalism au( Y Hil up the "bloody chasm." j A prominent gentleman in Boston, ii an elaborate article, recently attempted t< 1 show thai cotton manufacturing coul< , not be carried on successfully below tin Piedmont lino. But Augusta by a mul titude of stubborn facts has proved th< e falsity of his conclusions. Theories . however plausible, and when put fortl even in most polished language, ar 1 worthier beside well established facts. The success of the city seems to havi I stirred up tho jealousy of New England A writer, hailing from Providence, R. I. a month ago asserted that the debt o e Augusta was over $12,000,000, wherea the fact is, that it is scarcely more thai $2,000,000, and she has iu the canal'am ^ other public property, a full balanc t against her debt, rib doubt this slande was started to prevent Northern rnei r from investing their money here. V m ? mm r South Carolina College. s Saluda Argus. 8 We have upon our table the cataiogn of tho South Carolina College of mechan e ics and agriculture; the classics are no taught. The course of study embrac three years, in which are taught Englisl history, rhetoric, mathematics, logic, po e liticafeconomy, mental philosophy, geol i ogy, geometry and organic, agriculture and analytical chemistry. Tuition is free 8 the professors being paid by one half o 8 the interest upon the agricultural colleg _ bonds, the other half of this interest go ing to the Clatlin colored institute. Th 8 amount of these bonds is $191,000, ob j tained by selling the land scrip donatei for establishing such a college by th United States government. Afterthesal of the scrip the radicals invested the pro 3 ceeds of sale in State bonds, which bond were misused or stolen by the radica party when in power. The democrats ii t 1679,' believing the United States govern e ment would require the State to establis] such an institution in accordance witl 3 terms accepting the donation, passed ai r act requiring the State treasurer to issm the amount of bonds to tho board of trus tees of the South Carolina university, thi a interest of which is applied to tho pur .. poses already specified. Many of thi , members of tho legibture opposed this ac 11 of eaddlin? upon the State this debt o q two hundred thousand dollars stolen b^ _ the Republicans. , To wbat extent the student is require* b to labor in farm, garden and workshop: if we are uninformed, and while we thin! I it was a mistake to issue the bonds ant are opposed to the institution, we mos o say that tho course of study seems practi e cat and hope the trustees may so managi the fund as to give many of the poo young men of the State the chance of i practical education. Tho professors an i- four in number, and a foreman of farn o and shop; they are all men of ability and the curriculum of study seems wel adapted to the average young man of ou d State. It is hoped and expected that by i judicious use of the college buildings an< of the interest on the bonds, the trustee: l* may establish a cheap system of board ing adapted to tho wants of our poplo. ) 1110 suriact', lll'.vayM ?lliuu Uiu-._y ivm-u V. f his plants. In some of the lower situations these clay under-strata are wanting, ; in which case it is sand from the surface downward to an unknown depth. The sand, in such situations, is usually white ' on the surface, but an inch under tinds it ' mixed with a black (organic) matter ' which gives the land a much greater doi gree of fertility than an inexperienced person would be likely to suppose it possessed. These white lands are considered our worst lands, but we have found them only worse so far as they are less , capable of holding fertilizing agents to ' the surface, being, consequently, more easily exhausted by culture. By aiding our pino lands with what, in the old Kastern States, would bo considered a very moderate quantity of fertilij zing elements, we are enabled to grow upon them good crops of almost anything we see proper to plant. An average specimen of wild surface soil taken from our pine uplands and put I to analysis shows about the following re suits, according to Prof. E. W. iiillgaru, formerly of Mississippi, but now of California: Depth of soli, nine inches. Thoroughly dried it consists of? Potash 0.260 Soda 0.060 Lime 0.131 i Magnesia 0.182 Brown oxide of manganese 0.140 . Peroxide of iron 1.252 Alumina 2.358 Phosphoric acid 0.033 Sulphuric r.cid 0.024 Organic matter and loss 2 330 r Insoluble matter 93.252 A specimen of sub-soil taken from twelve inches beneath the surface at the same spot gave the following showing: Potash 0.481 Soda 0.060 Li mo. ?. 0.075 Magnesia 0.519 Brown oxide of manganese 0.142 Peroxide of iron 4.148 Alumina 8,879 F Phosphoric acid 0.023 > Sulphuric acid 0.020 Organic matter and loss 2.119 Insoluble matter 84.028 1 These tables, while tliev do not show tlio best lands in the world, show lands ) that could not, by any means, bo considered the worst. Taken in from the wild state, thev usually produce some kind of i rrops for'two or threo years reasonaoiy well, without aid, but after that a fair re> turn must bo made totnem elso they will 1 no longer pass muster as productive. 1 Aside from the chemical agents in which I the foregoing tables have shown them to . be comparatively deficient, one of the , greatest needs, usually from the very i start, is ) HCMUS, 1 or decomposed vegetable matter, to pre^ vent "packing." Persons not acquainted 1 with sandy soils would be ant to think ' them incapable of packing and becoming 5 hard under culture, but packing in dry f weather, especially over the day subsoils ' making up one of their worst features. But it is not hard to prevent?an abun1 dant supply of almost any kind of vego tiible matter sets them right and leaves ' them as "mellow as an ash heap" through all seasons. In applying vegetable oiat.* ter it would, of course, be best to make i use of something qualified to supply also the needed fertilizing elements, but in 1 case where this cannot be done, then oth> er charactered matter should be used, such as pine straw, the various pincywoods grasses and broom sedgo. These will make as good mechanical agents to 1 prevent "packing" as othor species of veg( tation, and they will add something to the fortuity of the soil, many opinions 1 to the contrary notwithstanding. Our experience tells us that there is little danger of getting too much decomposed vegetable matter into pine land soil; but there i3 great danger of not having 1 enough in'ifc, consequently the pine land farmer should be supplying it in some way at eTery opportunity. LIME is another element in which our soils; are usually seriously deficient. They do not need it so much as an eloment of plant food as they do as a mechanical agent to aid in the rapid decomposition of vegeta ble matter. There is naturally lime enongh for most crops to make out upon, and where it cannot be supplied vegeta "? Hio wnil should bfl uju muucr up]/uvu iu first heaped and thoroughly rotted, else a I large quantity of it in a raw or partially raw state may cause the crop to "firefang" or bum out during tho hot and dry weather of summer. Along tho coast where shells are abundant this lime deficiency may bo easily supplied by burning shells and applying the lime. Shell liuie is greatly superior to rock lime for applying to soils. THE COMMERCIAI^FEBTII,IZER8 do well on our pine lands, as a general rule, provided we have added a sufficient quantity of humus, but without this they will not make much of a crop. Cotton seed meal is one of the fertilizers in common use, and it will make most cro^ grow splendidly if the other condition just named is not wanting. Few people realize this great need of humus,'and hence go on blindly raising fair crops by j applying large quantities of commercial fertilizers, double tho quantity actually required for the crop, perhaps. In tin's extra application they are growing their i own humus with expennive fertilizers, when they might as well have picked it up in the surrounding woods, or have i made it by turning under a fallow. You i may tako a perfectly clean and ontirely exhausted piece of pine land and give it i cotton seed meal at the rate of two thou| sand pounds to tho acre, and tho first year I it will not bring you much of a crop, i There will bo more of the plants under , tho ground than there is above, for the ' land is making an effort to supply itself . with humus, Next year you will get a ' fair crop with less meal, for the decornEoxed roots of tho preceding crop will ave brought to tho soil at least a portion . of the vegetable matter needed. If a libi eral supply of decomposed pine straw or . other non-fertilizing vegetation had been i worked into the soil prior to s.pplyingthe j cotton seed meal one thousand pounds i would have shown far better result than - were gained by applying the ton. Among other commercial fertilizers used on our pino land tho phosphates > have usually given good returns, and r where one is not particular to have the - crop use up all the food in its year of application, nothing is superior to an abuni dant supply of ground bone or raw bone > meal. Cotton seed hull ashes has worlti ed its way into considerable popularity i with us as a fertilizer, and it is undoubti edlv good, making up thesoil's deficiency t in potash, and to some extent supplying / several otner neeaeu ('leincms. FARM YARD XANCRK. ? By this we mean the dronpSnpa of 1 horees, cattle, bogs, shetp, ana the like. B This nover fails ; a bountiful supply of it 3 invariably brings bountiful crop* on evr ery character of our culti latcd pine lands. " It gives the soils everything they need in* eluding humus, hence plenty of farm yard manure is plenty of everythingwith 1 us. The only trouble that wo experience J in the premises lies in our inability to * procure the needed supply of farm yard 0 manure. If we havo plenty of stock and * will give them plenty to eal, they will 3 make the manure for us, of course; but ? where are their supplies to come from? J Off your enriched land, says one. That 0 might seem all well enough in theory, but it would not work out to a meeting of 0 both ends in practice. It would be too * much likeperpetual motion, oran effort to . lilt one's self up stairs by the toas of one's 1 boots. It is impossible to prevent a 8 waste in some way, heuce eachyear must I tind the farm receiving less in return than it gave out, and, as a consequence, run6 j ning gradually down. r We must be after making good the deII ficiency. It may be done by seliin^crops or stock and ouying fertilizers, or it may be done to some extent by cultivating and turning under air-feeding crops. How done makesco difference, provided it can be done with profit; when sucn is 8 the case the question is settled as to the " success cf pine land farming on a large scale. In (lays past most of our pine land ? farmers depend upon their utock for their success.'i>ut tho the time when their old methods ca.i be conveniontly carried out j is rapidly pj ssing away. They sent their stock into the wild range to gather their l own food, ai.ri such as came home at * night left tho results of their labors to enrich the lands of their owners. It was ' like bees gathering honey?they went forth every day gathering the fertilizing I elements indigenous to the woods ana * bringing theiu back as voluable stores ? in the evening. This was called. COWPBNNINO. 8 The stock were mainly cattle, which 1 wore penned at night within a certain eni closure until the owner deemed the land - rich enough for agricultural purposes, i then ho moved hia pen, in order that his i stock might enrich another acre while bo i was breaking and planting tho site of the b preceding lot. Crops raised on this plan - were often delightful to look at, and there 3 was never a failure where tho crop and - the land receive propea attention. No b finer crops of sngar cano, corn, potatoes, t turnips, pumpkins, melons, and even f cotten ever grew than wo have frequently C seen growing, nnder proper management at the hands of the cowpenning farmer I Cowpenning is utill practiced to a con9 sidorable extent in many localities along c our coast, but it cannot be made profitai hie much longer, as a matter of course, t Our lands are becoming too thickly so - tied to admit of it, as so much stock will 5 eventually'have eaten out the range to r such an extent as to have rendored their fi sustenance impossible on the old plan, o Then a change must come?the farmer II must fall upon some plan to make his . | own lands self-sustaining, since ho will 1, no longer have a countless number of rj acres not his own to be constantly rak?J ing in his living form, as it were. We 11 assert that this change can be made easily 9 J enough, and our assertion is based upon - j what we know, and not merely upon i what we think. Of course it would bo an a??????mmpmmmmm easy matter to make onr lands self-sustaining and even highly profitable, could we always get a market for our products, at good figures, like they get in the pine land regions of New Jersey already alluded to, but such a thing is not to bo expected throughout the Southern pine country at present. So desirable a state of affairs will probably come in time, especially along our great railroad lines, but that is'not tho point engaging our attention at present. The problem which people are now most desirous of bavins solved is. now to keep up fine lands? bo that they shall not only bo self-sustaining within themselves*, but shall also afford a margin of profit suMcient to give a living to their owner and biB family. In our effort to solve this problem we will suppose that an industrious man has jusl immigrated to our pine region aud possessed himself of say forty aures of land. Tim tiirio we will further suDDOse that his possession lias upon :it the usual little pine country improvement, consisting of a few acres of cleared laud v<*ith the necessary cabi ns, <ftc. Our "new comer" is what could be c onsistently termed an extremely poor man. He owns a horse, which is his only live stock, also a cart, a plough and probably some other simple implements of the husbandman. With these he is aiming to make a living for his family off his few non-productive acres of pine land. His neighbors tell him it is all folly unless he has money to expend in the purchase of fertilizers, which ho has not. By close rubbing he may have enough to procure his food supplies through the season, but not a dollar the expenditure of which could bo risked for any other purpose. Looking around among his neighbors to seo how they manage to live he notices the excellent results coming from the application ot farm yard manure, or ra.her, from "cowpennlng." If he had cattle he would be "all set up," but ho has net, neither has he the means of procuring them. But why are cattle so useful as fertilizing agents? What particular elements do cattle of themselves contribute to the soil? They contribute nothing. They are simply the collectors of fertilizing elements, nothing more. And where /1a nnllflnt nml whof ? Tnt.llA WOndft. every place where vegetation is seen lo grow, and they collect a certain character of plants, such as our "new-comer" see* growing all over the uncleared portion of his forty acres. Years ago a larger portion of rhe pines had been cut away and converted into lumber for some foreign market, and in their place a thick growth of young oaks and hickories and persimmons had sprung up. He saw his neighbors' cattle feeding upon the young and tender leafy sprouts of these, and it niiggestec? mi iuea?they were Bimply making a collection for tho neighbors' truck patches. Was it not possible for a man to collect as well as a cow? Whv not? Upon this thought he acted. With his cart anil horse be repaired to tho wood* and, aided bv a pair of pruningshears, he had soon filled bis cart witli leafy and succulent sprouts of tho oak, the hickory and other deciduous growths. It was not much of a job to collect a cartload and to throw it upon a pile in a corner of his field. lie kept at his work and the pile rapidly grew to immense proportions, and being green and succulent tho materials soon heated and underwent a thorough decomposition, giving him a large supply of as good "farm vara manure," so far as related to properties, as was ever spread "nmr iiln/tn nf nrnp n!n? Inna. In ""J ... , truth it was really a Dotter manure than that gathered by the cattle, owing to the fact that all its elements wore there, none havinz gone to supply that want in the animal economy which,had prompted the cow in making'her collection. The problem was solved. Our "newcomer" found that he wa? able to make his own farm yard manure independent of the stock power usually employed, and having a will to work he made it. Attho proper time he spread it over his land, ploughed it in and planted his crops. Jn planting his Irish potatoes he opened a deep furrow and filled it with freshly cut green and succulent branches from his oak woods. Upon these he dropped bis potatoes, after which he threw a ridge over them in the usual way. When tne time for putting out his sweet potatoes had arrived heliad his ridges all ready, filled with green matter on the same plan. His neighbors were dazed at the result? large crops of both Irish and sweet pota I IUU9 Ull jJWJl jauuo, m?uv?v v**uv. w.. penning or commercial fertilizers, was something so u nreasonable that they could scarcely credit tbeir own sense of sight. And so it went from year to year. On the land of (our "dewcomer" was a sandy ridge covered with saw palmottoes. By some meant* be learned tbis was among the most rich ol our potash plants, so he hauled it to bis grounds by the ton. Jt did not rot so quickly as did his oak and his hickory, but having things now in good condition, be could afford to wait on its slow motions. Tftere was no giving out of supplies. Trimming tho branches from his tree growths only made them limb out more thickly and present a larger sufaoo to work upon. The advantages which they presented, due to the trimming, were astonishing; they almost seemed to realize that they were yielding a valuable crop, and that it was no longer appointed that tbey should convert them selves Into trees. There was no swamp on the lands of our "newcomer," had this been otherwise he might have used it to advantage by mixing swamp muck into his compost, and by gathering swamp growths for bin heap,'including tho long moss, all of which growths would have been found decidedly rich in fertilizing elements. He might have collccted pino straw bad he needed it for humus, but the chanc-j ter ol ins icriuizeni ieu no bucu nwonnii in existence; and bo might have collected pine cones had they been convenient, for thfiy contain a larger per cent, of pot-! ash than any other Southern growth known, perhaps. The forcfcolnc may read like an imogi-j n.lrv sketch, but no matter what it reads like, the thing will work out just so ever? tima. It solves the problem. The iLIen Lair. [Anderton Journal.] Some weeks since wo stated that there was a pretty general demand throughout tho State, and especially in the eastern portion, for the repeal of the lien law, but said that no one had offered to fiubstitute a plan by which poor teuant? could obtain supplies. Since that timo it seems that a reaction has set in and a goodly number of newspapers seem disposed to take a calm and rational view of this important matter. We reprint in this issue extracts of a varied nature from several of our exchanges, a brief perusal of which is sufficient to satisfy an unprejudiced reador aa to which are based on the soundest arguments and arrive at the safes conclusions. We doubt not it would be good policy to modify the lien law somewhat, as suggested by some of our contemporaries, but it would be an unpardonable blunder for the Legislature to repeal it outright at the next session and leave the people no means of giving security for credit. That the lien law has been abused wo will admit, and no doubt the hind-sights of some of our wise-acres enables them to see bow much moro prosperous our people would have been at this time if it nad never boen enacted, but we claim that even the present condition of affairs is far better than to remand the masses of our people into an immediate state of selldom by a simple repealing act of the General Assembly. Legislate | away the onlv security at their command landtbevwilf by force of circumstances be left at the mercy of lauded proprietors, who can absolutely control labor by dealing out or withholding bread, ana we will then have a new state of slavery that no low? term than selfdom will describe. We are not satisfied with the present condition of our masses, but we uo protest against the Legislature making it worse in response to the demands of landlords who are anxious to grow wealthy at the expense of pauper labor. The men, yea and womeu and children, who plow and hoe and dig the ditches were noli numerously represented at the Greenville agricultural convention which resolved, "that the lien law should be speedily, finally and forever abolished." It was said that "freedom shrieked when Kosciusko fell," and we may say, if the lien law is repealed unconditionally.. that liberty will languish while landlords are triumphant. Erskine College. [Saluda Argni.] We have recoived the catalogue of the above institution, located at .Due Went, and regret to see that the numLer of st Lidents is small. Among the graduates at the recent commencement we notice the names of three who are sonr. of Abbeville's most honored and btioved citizens. One of them the son of the late Judge Thomson, noted for his ability as a jurist, his purity as a citizen and his devotedness as a christian; the other two are sons of ourefflciout and popular County Treasurer, Capt. J. Wardlaw Porrin. These young gentlemen are said to be studioua and accurate scholars, and Erskine expects them to add additional honor to thoir alma mater, and to the names of Thomson and Perrin already' desorvedly popular and illustrious in Abbeville county. The location of this institution is in one of the healthiest sections of the State; the morals of the community aro unsurpassed. The institution has fine professors, all scholars of reputation and fitness for their duties; two of thorn?Drs. U ier and Patton?would do credit to any university in the Union. The laws, regulations and discipline of the institution l u>'3 excellent, the hours of recitation and ' v ady well selected, and the deportment L<iid devotional exercises of the student jd:lige?tly watched and cared for. The recitation rooms, chapel, commencement hall ami socioty halls are all comfortable land commodious. The libraries, cabinet, chemical, philosophical and mathematical apparatus' are well selected and adapted to the wants of the student. The curriculum is full and well selected, and instruction is given by illustration, recitation and lectures. About thirty negroes left Anderson last Monday evening to work on the extension of the Northeastern Railroad iu Georgia, between Lula and Clarksville. * ' ' *' ' r ' ' -l^JgLLJl I M1l? ADVICE TO THE FARMERS. How They can in a Measure Retrieve What Thej Hare Lost by the Dronjjht. [Oi 'eenville News.] The Bubject of the 9hort crops, the reBiilt of the ruinous seasons of this year, is the chief topic at present with men of practical observation, and "What aro we going to do about it," is the natural reflection. There is no doubt in the mind of any one at this time that the-cotton and corn crops will bo short, very short. A prominent merchaht of this city, whose judgment is based upon extensive oxdo rienco and years of close observation, Raid yesterday, tbat there will hot be more than a half crop of cnttort made in Greenville county this year, and that the corn will fall far short of an average crop. The reporter expressed the hope that this foreboding was hardly warranted, as farmers, as a rule, are very prone to look at the dark side of the picture, and therefore apt /) be more despondent than facts will justify. "No," replied the merchant "yon will And that an estimate of two-thirds of a crop will prove to bo extremely high figures, at any rate. By the time farmers have paid for their fertilizers, they will have little or no money to spend In the purchase of the necessaries of life. Next year will bo the hardest year (bey have seen in a long time ; in fact a great many farmers will not bo able to nay out of debt for this summer's supplies. You will remember that the oat and wheat crops were failures this year. These are important crops, and their failures is a serious set back to farmers. Now with a half crop of cotton and a short crop of corn, they will have the toughest kind of a time to pull through next summer. What thoy are going to do is a question of serious moment." In order to get both sides of the question tho reporter approached a prominent citizen whose long experience as a farmor gives his opinions on the subject great weight. He told the renorttr that next year would be a much harder one with farmers than 1840?the year succeeding the famous "dry year" of 1845. Not that the results of the droughtare worse this year, but in those days people had credit if they didn't have the cash, wbile it is otherwise now, and besides that celebrated "was preceded by the most bountiful wheat crop that this section of country has ever grown. In comparison with the enormous wheat production of that year our informant pointed to the fact that wheat and oat crops were failues this year. "What are the farmers to do about it, Squire?" "Tell them to plant oats, rye, barley and turnips. Tell them to begin to plant oats right now, and let every foot of open land bo planted in something that will make something to eat and feed stock on. Let every one who has a 'fence corner' plant it* in turnips. If the people will turn their attention at once to planting wheat, oats, rye, harlev and turnips, they will find that these crops will help them along greatly. In fact this is their only salvation and unless they pursue this plan, and plant largely in all these crops, thev will see tho hardest kind of times beginning- about the time young persimmons appear on the trees. 1382 will bo an awfully hard year on farmers and you may mark it. Tell thom to sow oats "plentifully?now is the time to begin ?if they want to know what's best for them." m MORE ABOUT TIIE CBOrS. Tho Figures of the Agricultural Department as to the Condition of Spring- Wheat, Tobacco and Corn. Washington, August 10.?The following repor ts were issued from the department of Agriculture at noon : SPRING WHEAT. The returns of Anguxt 1st give tho condition of Spring wheat as 81 against 88 last year and 81 in 1879. At the same time, compared withe the crop last year, there is roported heavy decrease in the Suite of Iowa and Illinois, slight decrease in Minnesota, Nebraska and Colorado. while in Wisconsin and all New England States there is increased reports from Dakota that indicate fair crops with large increase in acreage. TOBACCO. The condition of tobacco at the date of the returns to the department was somewhat lower than at this time last year. I:n the North and Middle Atlantic States the crop was reported as better than lasl; year. In Kentucky. Tennessee and Missouri it was suffering from drought; in Wisconsin it U reported better than last year. CO BIT. The general average condition of corn on Augupt 1st is 77?a very considerable decline since last month, when it stood at 90. In August, 1880, the condition was 9.S, which, however, was exceptionally high. The Atlantic Coast States make a showing somewhat better than the general average, except in South Carolina, where the excossivo drought has cut down the figures to 41. Louisiana and Tflxas aro the next lowest of the Coast States, from the same cause, reporting 67 and 46 respectively. Tennessee is the lowest of the Interior States, its average falling to 64. In the great corn growing region the highest reports are 95 in YVisr>no?in ftiu! 02 in Nebraska, and the low est 74 in Kansas. A Cowardlj Outrage. Wo learn that unknown parties went to the house of Mrs. Elizabeth Brougliton on the plantation of Mr .J. V. Welsh, in Pleasant Hill Township, last Friday night,- and after rocking the inmates from the house, (Mrs. B. and her daughter) set Are to the building which was consumed with everything these poor peoplo had. The husband of Mrs. B's daughter was absent from home. Such an outrage should excite the indignation of a civilized community, and every effort should be made to ferret out the guilty persons. We doubt not, if the Governor of the State be informed of the particulars, but that be would offer a liberal reward for the capture of tho perpetrators.? Lvicaslcr Ledger. The Effects of the Storm. Last Saturday afternoon, during the storm, Wado Glenn, a colored boy of 13, while riding a tino mare, was killed by a falling tree, and the animal so severely injured, that it died the next day. A lai'ge tree was struck and demolished in Col. Leavell's grove and one near the rail road. On Mr. Setli William's place, near Jalana. Ben Cannon, a colored man, had his horse struck by lightning which, with the contents, was destroyed by lire while he and his family were at camp meeting. We hear that Mr. J. 8. Hair's tannery was also demolished.?Newberry News. Kufus Hatch waa interviewed on Saturday In relation to recent large sales of corn made by him, and he admitted that some of his customers who had bought corn at 42 to 48 were realizing their profit} while the nrice was ud. As to the future prospects of the grain market, he nays: "Wheat is already thirty cents a bushel higher than it wan thirty days ago, and all interior warehouses arc tilling up, under a very light export demand, at these Increased prices. Dispatches from Toledo say that the warehouses there are full of grain, and that 500 unloaded care are now in that city with no storage for their freight. Cars loaded with grain are on every side track between Toledo and Fort Wayne. The Chicago warehouses will store 14,000,000 bushels of grain. They are two-thirds full to-day. With the Chicago markets higher than those in Liverpool and New York, how long can they receive and store grain without shipment? With a bank reserve of less than 13,000,000 in this city, bow long will it be before so nobody must pay for the grain now in store and being stored? With every brakeman on every train in the corn bolt buying grain at 2 per >sent. margin, isn't it about time that somebody found out what the export demand is likely to do ? In old times in Chicago we used to moauure the size of the crops by what was paid for them. If the prico was high, the crops were large, and vice versa; for a small price lays three crops away, and a big price brings one, two and three crops out. Farmers are slower but surer speculators than Wall street operators. I believe in very much higher prices in corn before another crop; but there isn't money enough in the New York banks to lock np the entire grain crop of this oountry for the next sixty days without export demand." While a rain clond was passing over this city last Saturday, Miss Lucy Little, daughter of Rev. L. M. Little, while walking across the floor of the dining room, was struck on the rigkt arm and hand by lightning which caused her to fall to the floor. She was. however, soon np and on her fcetagain, complaining only of a numbness or tingling sensation in the stricken hand. Thieodavs after onlv two of the fingers seomed to be affected. Doubtless the entire hand will soon bo in its normal state.?Christian Nexghbor. Till Death as Part. 'Till Death nc part." Bo speaks the heart. When ?ich to each repeats the wordsof doom; Tliro' blessing and thro' curse. For better and for wor.ie, When will be one till that dread hour shall come. Life, with Its myriad sxasn. Our yearning soul* Rhall clasp, By ceaseless love and still expectant wonder; In bonds that shall endure, Indlssolubly sure. Till God In death shall part our paths asunder. Till Peath us Join, O voice yet more divine! That to the broken heart breathes hope sublime; Thro' lonely lionrs And shattered powers We still are one, despite of change and time. Death, with his healing hand. Shall once more knit the hand Which needs but that one link which none may sever; Till, thro' the Only Oood, Heard, felt and understood, Our life in Qod shall make us one for ever. 1 Abbeville Teachers' Association. The Abbeville County Teachers' Association will hold its Annual Session at Due West ou the 8th and 9th of September. A full attendance of teachers and friends of education is earnestly requested. Arrangements will be made to entertain all visitors, and they should at once inform Prof. Wm. Hood, chairman of reception committee, of their purpose to Attend the Association. The following is the programme of proceedings. THURSDAY 8th SEPTEMBER. Forenoon.?Business meeting, 10 o'clock. President's Annual Address, by Rev. W. M. Grier, D. D. Afternoon.?Paper on "Local Taxation for Schools" by M. L. Bonham* Jr., of Abbeville. Followed by discusHion. Paper on "School Rewards and Punishments" by Prof. E. H. Aull, Newberry College. "Followed by discussion. FRIDAY 9th SEPTEMBER. Business meeting 10 o'clock. Paper on "Modern Improvements in School Teaching" by D. B. Johnson, Principal of Abbeville High School. Followed by discussion. Paper on "Diligent TeachersThe only means of Progressiveness in Education ;" by Prof. J. H. Miller, of Erskine College. Followed by discussion. Hon. Hugh 8. Thompson, State Supreintendentof Education, will also deliver an address to the Association, either on Thursday or Friday, and Miss I. D. Martin, of Columbia High School for Girls will read a paper; subject "A Sketch." ; W. M. GRIER, President. W. C. Benet, Chairman Executive Committee. August 16tb, St. MARRIED. I MARRIED, by Rev. J. F. Olbprt, on August Utb. 1881, at HU o'clock A. M.. Mr. JOHN H. SPROUSE to Miss MARY WILLIAMS. BIRTHS. ^BIRTHS. In EdcreflHd County, Mrs, E. G. GrayiJen,-August 18, l?8I. a daughter. UTOMATIC PENCILPOINTsi_ EDWIN PARKER. August 23,1881. 2t DIAMOND DUST. _ SUPERIOR to Sopolio for polishing Bmfs, Silverware, Tin, Britannia, GIu?k, Ac., 25ccnls. EDWIN PARKER, August 23. 1881. 2t A. M. HILL & SANS. Dealers in Groceries and Farmers' Supplies of every Description. Abbeville, S. C. Doc. 15, 1SS0, tf. A. B. C. LINDSAY, DENTIST, Practical aud Operativtjl HAVING attended the Lecture* of tmi Pennsylvania College of Den Lai Surgen oners lil* profexnionnl service* to the public nsa Dcntlxt and Oral Burgeon. Calls through tbe country utlended to. All work wurriubt ed and charge* reasonable. / Residence 5 miles east of Calhoun Mills South Carolina. / June 18, IShO. I T lumbeif. PARTIES having Hard Lumbor,/Ashe Hickory, and White-oak, can \l\Jni *al< for the same at f HEAL & McILWATSltfUi, Carri:ige Shops, Abbevlllcv/8. C. March 16,18S1 tf 1 J. Knox & Vo. ?AGE2TT3 FOR- / MR. TOM YOONS'S PURE CORN WHISKEY THE host and purest CORN WHISKEY brought to tills market. Juno 22,18S1, tf Whether yea stand or Wfaether yon sit, The K1GHMIK SHIRT la sure to fit. --S31ITII & SON. June 8,1881, tf J. KURSS, Boots and Shoes, Harness and lanyard. BEST material n?ed, fine workmen^employ ed, custom work made promptly, and at tlie lowest bottom prices for cash. Hides always bought at the highest market price for cash or in exchange for learner or wont. January 28, 1880, Jy. Tie Williaastoa Female College i Respectftli.y offers f/s services to those pa rent* who desire to seilfic f?r their daughter* the thorough and syurfWtrU-al cnllivation of their pllyuical, inieliy:;*).'!. and moral powers. 11 1? coi)dncted?>n what. is called the ; "OKE-STwDT" ILAS. f itli a sh.mi-Annual Couksk <>f Study ; afci. by a s\stein of Tuitional Premiums, ib Low Kale* are mode still lower for ALL who uverage 85 per cent. No Public Exerefces. No "Receptions." Graduation, which Mai way* private, may occur eiijbt times u yeir. THE FALL SESSION will open AUGUST 1,1881. REV. S LANDER. President, Oct 27, SO,ly W'llllamston, S. C. BLACK SPANISH RADISH SEED. EDWIN PARKER. Aug. 9,1831, 2t E. G. SCDODAY, Attorney and Counselor at Law, ANDERSON, S. COFFERS hU professional services to tho citr Izens of Abbeville. Parties desiring to I consult with hlin, may do so at. each session | of the Court or tho County,or by letter at AnI derson C II | June 15, WL tf To Rent. NEW HOTEL IN ABBEVILLE. HPHE vidorslgned has Just comploted his X new hotel on the North-East corner of1' the Public Squure In Abbeville, containing fourteen large airy bed rooms, a commodious dining-room, a large office,nnd a good cook . i room. This Is very desirabto property in the;' business portion of tho town, makes its location well suited for a hotel. Its convenience to th? business portion of the town will make Itespzelaily attractive to business men. Th? most reasonable terms will be offered. To an enterprising hotel-keepar this is a rare! offerand only which ihonld not bo neglected. | AppJr early to , JOHN KNOX. Jaly 20,1881, tf THE TWIN SPRINlT ~ Iliavo tho Improved twin Spring nrlce $3.00. J. D. CHALMERS. E. H. McBRIDE, M. D. ABBEVILLE, S. C. 117 ILL Rive prompt attention to all practlcelntown. Office at Drug Store. August 3,1881, 12m CONGAREIi/ iiini WIIU Co urnbia. S. C Agent for CHAPMAN'S PERPETUAL EVABRATOR. i riinE-SE WORKS WERE STABLI8HED J In 1S47 by Messrs. Geo. 8li;!alr and Jume? Anderson and purchased byae In the year 'l&Vf, and from that tlmo tlfliow carried on successfully by inyseir. My rlends and customer* will hear witness of je large and stupendous Jobs execnted by n$ It was at my works whore the luruestanialmOKt only Job of Its clns?ev?>r executed Inula city was done, viz.: the making of the nxja for the City Water WorkH in the year 1>8. In the branch of BELL FOUNDING. I say that I have made the largest hells eveijust In the State, such as Ihe bell for the Citftlall In Colambla. My stock of patterns : * ARCHITECTURAL WORK, COLUMNS or 8tore fronts. Is lar,re and various, and In AILINOS for Balconies, Oardena and Cet iterles I have the largest variety and mos-modern patterns; many of these are patents and I have purchased the rixht for this l?te. In the mnchlne line I ?? famish my patrons with STEAM EN( IE?and BOILERS of any slzeand desciipti a. My CIRCULAR SA W MILLS have carrij, off the prlee at every State Fair held In th* city, and In their consfuctlon I have take pains to combine simplicity with the mot useful modern Improvements, nnd may titter myself that my CIRCULAR SAW MILA tlnd fuvor with every fftwver who onderslnds his business. The many orders 1 arfcteadlly receiving for SU<i AR CANE MILLaprove that the public thd mUttt nfmiv mflkrA and in tf ( with my GEARING fir HORSE POWER8, GIN WHEELS, GROT MILLS and other MACHINERY. L I have the manufajuring: right of many PATENTS. 8licit as <?linK* for ROCK COTTON' AND HAY PffisS and three or four different FEED CUYERS and other lmplemont". I will be pleased Intend my circulars to any applicant, together jlth price list or estimate. My prices are inodejte, and I assure the public that tliey are liwer even than those ol Not thern manun^rers, find that my work will compare favrably with that or any other maker. j Address Johi Alexander, Cosoaree Ifts Works, Columbia, 8. C. iiulllee j ?itst? GREENWOOD I MRS. J. P. STEPHENS BEOS leave to Inform the citizens of Greer wood and surrounding country thatsh lias thin week opened a full line of MILLINERY -AND? FANCY GOODS athcrr<>sldence, nextdoorto 8. B. Hodzes Co. Her stock comprises LADIES' HA1 AND BONNETS in nil the laU-st styles ar novelties. trimmed to order, TOILET ART CLES AND FANCY NOTIONS, of evei style and variety, LACES AND LAC GOODS. SWISS AND HAMBURG FRINGE ANTIQUE. CAROLINE AND LANGUEDC LACES. CHILDREN LACE CUPS AN BIBS. .LINEN CUFFS. COLLARS, Ac. 3 fiiet every thing kept in a flrsU-lass cxtablls inent. Goods all fresh find stylish. Prices suit the times. Be snre to give bera call b fore pnn-hnxlng elsewhere. Greenwood. 8. C'.. March 30, 188L New I1II11 STflRI I Lawson & Wardlam ABBEVILLE, S.C HAVE opened a newrtock of FURNITUR over the More of A. M. Hill A Son, ar will be pleased to receive a call from ti e friend*. Thr lr ?fo<'lc cookIms of every varlel of FURNITURE usually kept In a first-clai Htorc. All of wliicu is olTeretl at priccs to su the time*. Feb. 21.1881. tf RAILROAD NOTICE. OUB.SCRIBERS to the capital rtock of th Ci Atlaotlcand French Broad Valley Ral rand are hereby notified that the first Insta ment Is now eilled for. Prompt payment In required, a* the work I to be begun at once and will be pushed vlgoi ouxly. By order of W. K. Bradley, President A.an F. B. V. R. R. J. TV. PEBRIN, Treasurer. Trennurer's Office, Abbeville. Sluy 10,188L CIGARS. THE following popular brand* of &-CEN' 1 SEGARS, Solon Shingle, Our Firm, Lire Oak, Eureka, AND THE CELEBRATED Calhoun Chewing Tobacco, and Little Joker Smoking Tobacco ?AT? Cunningham & Templeton's April 20,1880, tf IT. I. CALHOUN, M. D. Surgeon and Fbysician( ABBfcVIJiJLii, W. OrnrE?In rearof 0. T.Calboufrslaw office March 23,1881, 12m The Best Engine in tlie World! THE ECLIPSE! W.R.WALTON, agent AUGUSTA, GA. ALSO AGENT FOR THE Geiser Grain Separator, Saw Mills, and all kinds of Machinery. Refers to I>r. J. A. Glbert, B. C, Wall, and Allen Momgne. of Abbeville. Mny II, 1881,6m MARBLE WORKS. MONUMENTS nnd work* of new and special design, Just received direct from Italy '^dozcn beautiful monuments cut in crosnes, wreaths and drapery: all beautiful. Twelve new designs of tlie monuments and monumental headstones of the best Vermont marble. The above monuments and head stones make up the stock of marble work in the up country, ami prices as low as any in the State. Can duplicate any order, and parties can save freights from any point. J. D. CHALMERS. June 1,1881, tf State of South Carolina, Abbeville County. IN THE TKOBATK COURT. In the matter of the eslato of James A. Norwood, deceased. Tetltlon for Settlement and Discharge. NOTICE Is hereby Riven that Sarah A. Norwood. Kxecutrix of James A. Norwood, deceased, has applied to this court for a discharge from herotllce.as Kxecutrix, It is Ojwkkki), that Friday the 28th of August, 1S81. be fixed as the day for the settlement of the said estate and discharge of the Kxecutrix. All parties interested will be governed accordingly. J. FULLER LYON. Probate Judge A. C. July 27, 1881, tf V , -ry>* "'T-' ' a-, . ' - .. i W; > " - famuobk BXPAJoriaorr. ' columbia, 8< o, jor?a1ml. On aad altar Tbursdap, job* una. ml, fit* aongcr Trains will run aa herewith la<IHa< upon Ibis Rood and 1U branches. DAILY, EXCEPT 8CHDAY*. no. 41 Vt pambkocmi Leave Columbia A* M Nta L^ave Alston 08 p as Leave Newberry?<w?i;.??~w <? loi pa LenvefHodges........ItfpM Leave Bel ton 4 67 pa> Arrive at Greenville^ ?~?. If p aa 2*0. 48. sowx pasekkquu Leave Greenville 10 U mm Leave Bel ton ,~.._11 67 a w beave noage*..... ? * ? Leave New berry. ? 147 pa Leave Alston K. 4 4ft p aft Arrive at Columbia F ? ft f0 p as gPABTANPUKO* UHIOM AMD OOLCXB1A HA IV fcOAD. ho. 42. vr fAamren. Leave Alston ? 12 Spa 1 vo Btrotbcr 1* w p b? LeaveSyles Ford........? 1 14 p :* Leave S Del ton. 1II p Ml Leave Fish Dam 1 45 p a? Leave Santuc t 04 p m ' Leave Union i.-?~ 3 84 p m Leave Jonesvllle 8 W p m Leave Pacolet ... ?3p? Leave Spartanburg S.W.AC.depot R 4 08 p m Arrive Spartanburg R. A D. depot E 4 tS p aa HO. 43. DOWW PJUHEKOZB. Leave Spartanburg R. 4k D. depot HIS 4 S H Leave Spartanburg 8. W.AC.dep?4(} 1 p as Lea ve PacoleU. 1 if p M Leave Jonesvllle i H p St Leave Union. ?*.?.?..*?ft to p Ml Leave Santuc ~~~ I n p Leave Fish 1 am. .*>*> 8 21 p ra Leave Hhelton_...? HO p m Leave Lyles Ford ... 8 4B p at Leave 81 rot her .. 4 M p OK Arrive at Alston.? ? __ 4 87 p at LADKI58 SAILBOAB. Leave Newberry IKpH Arrive at Laurens^ H I 4ft p m Leave Laurens C. Hi ft 86 a IW Arrive at New berry 11 ftft p at ABBEVILLE BRANCH. Leave Hodges. ft 47 p Bf Arrive at Abbevllls..,,. 4 87 p ai Leave Abbovl 11?_.? .....j j.h.v.m<.*.-m.1) 1ft a Ml Arrive at Hodge*? m. 1 Oft p m BLUE KIDOK BA1LKOAD AltD AHgMftOIt BBAKCHv Leave Bel ton M ft Oft p al Leave Anderson ft 84 p ^ , Leave Seneca Q 7?p * Arrive at Wolhalla 7 put Leave Walballa ? $ 38 mm ? Leave Seneca D-. t M a Hi Leave Pendleton 10 HaM Leave Anderson....... 11 13 a as Arrive at R?it/?n r 11 4t ptm On and after tbe above, throoab ears will an ran between Colombia and Hendeisonvllld without chance. COKHZCnOIfe A. With South Carolina Railroad ftoat Charleston, With Wilmington,Calombfaand Angusta Railroad from Wilmington and all point* North thereof. With Charlotte,Col' ? umblu and Angnsta Railroad Aon Cbarlatt* and all points North thereof. , B. with Asbevllle and Spcrtanbor* RaU? * ; road foroolnts In We*tern NotiblCaroUna. g C. With Atlanta and Charlotte Alr-Ltof Railway for Atlanta and ell points Sooth and Jl. With Atlanta and Charlotte Alr-Lia? Railway from Atlanta and beyond, K. with Richmond and Danville Baft* _F. With Sooth Carolina Ball road ttL Charleston. With WIlmlnfton.ColoarMaana AUKtiata Railroad for Wilmington and the North. Wtth Charlotte, Columbia aad Aa* gusta Railroad tor Charlotte and tbe Nodfe* G. With Asbevllle and Spartan bnrg Ball* rood fTOm Henderson vllle. H. With Richmond and DaarlU* Ballroad from Charlotte and beyond Standard time need la Washington, D. CU which Is fifteen minutes fetter than Colnaf Ma. 3. W, FRY, Superintendent. a. Pom, General Paeeenger Agini. nuHii J Have in store an4 to arrive, a . ' Large and Varied Stoek L o? -' 6 DRY GOODS, STAPLE and FANCY NOTION* GROCERIES, HATS, CAPS, " BOOTS, SHOB8, TRUNKS, AND many other articles, all of whleh will be sold as clow for CASH, and qpon ad GOOD TERMS as any bonee In AMovflla. Give oa a look and we will give yon a tar* aaln. ts.We will ship your Cotton or boy lt.^g | Chrumos. * j. i LARGE lot of new Chronica 23 x S and i, A 24 x ?,) on exbibit'oo and tar sale, a* -fr 91.16 each at ? ? LAW80N * WABDLAW8. 8 April MB. Vr M -, ? Beceived This W??k! ? THREE NEW AND STYLISH WALNUT ^ 1 Chamber Saltes at Bottom JUIo<e,a4LAWSON * WARDLAWB., April 70,188L J.W.SION ABBEVILLE, 8. C, _ iTEEPHon band a foil aaaortnMntaf COP' IV FINS?flrom tbe cbeapeat to the beat. Hearse will attend fbnerals. Whendesired. He will also Can tract for the Erection of Buildings- J> He la arent for the aale Of Sash. Doom Blind*, MnaldlOff*, fHfllrratllfic*. Floor! a*? and everything pertaining to boaaa baiMlaf April 7th M?, tf ;" C0L0GVE8. WOMAN'S NICKLE COLO0JT* X end per bottl*. T*jIor'? Premium Colop* _ 25 cent*. Monumental Cologne S eeateaod 7 .VI cent*. Fellow's Extinct 26ceo la. Fellow'* f Superior Extract 60 cents. Toilet (Soaps IV ceula to 25 cent*. EDWIH PABBJEB. J, Feb. 23, WW. t/ e w. c. bkket, j, h. rfcm, 1 Abbeville, 8. c. v ioetr-Sz.8. & J BENET & RIOE# attorneys at Law* - IllE have formed ft partnership for Uwbbh Vf tlce of law. And will practice In aO UMT Court* of the State. BERET ft BICB. e Feb. 23,1881, tf j WM, H, PARKER W. C. McGOtfAW. ; FAfiEEB & McGOWAS ATTORNEYS AND SOLICIfOBS, ABBEVILLE, C. H., S. C. Will practice alto in the Clreatt Court* of II-J /?- CUMlIk fa anil?> TV IliC UUHCU PHUO <w >JVUM* vwwumw jAQ7.I580.tr i.% r Dr. H. D. WIL80I, * DENTISTRY, Abbeville, C. K, 8. C. 0 93T Office: UpcUln ortf t>? jwoeyy ]NTotioe. Estate Thomas Tlrason, taet ' A LL person* having demand* I0lnrt the J\ estate Thomas Thomson, decouwd, will present ihcm duly probated, and all ttaoaeIndebted to the same will make Immediate payment to either of the undersigned* M. M. THOMSON, Administratrix. ; : ^ 8. G. THOMSON, Administrator. ;%j T. P. QUARLE8, Administrator. Abbeville ,8. C., June 21,1881.3m SELLING OFii Jt i -AT- f g| New York Ca! | fj^HE^GREATEST BARGAINS TO BE H ' Gents5 and Boy CLOTHING^ GENTS' AND B(W'S ? J STRAW HATsI -AND ALL OTHER? S SUMMER G00BSh| FOR THE CASH:! Call soon and get yourself supplied. H P. ROSENBERG & GO J Martb 30,1881, U