The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, August 24, 1881, Image 2
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the Press and Bannei
Of Hn?h Wilson and H. T. TVardlar
Wednesday, August 24, 188j
Tne Constitution That Is Good Enoag
for
I At tliclafct meeting of tjie Legish
ture tliwtbwiy appointed several con
mittees to discharge specific d title;
?u<i to make a report of their work t
the West meeting of the General Ai
eembly.
We gee that the committee on th
Revision of the Constitution will i<
tommend certain changes in our pre;
egt State Constitution. The inform?
lion which we have is very limite(
and we have seen no good reaso
urged for any change at ail.
Among the changes rccommcnde
is one, to make the Judges' tenure t
office for life or daring good bt
havior. To this change we shall ol
ject most strenuously. The politics
condition of this country is unsettler
and the State may be alternately i
the hands of the Republicans ar
ihe Democrat-". And the Republicar
coming into power may seek at an
time under some pretext to unseat tl:
Judges for political reasons, as tli
Republicans were unseated a fe
years ago t>y Uie uemocrais. annn
er reason is, the first regular electio
which could take place after the pr<
posed change, would be four yea'
hence, and they may then elect sue
men as they elected a few years ng<
and to have such men saddled on i
for life would beacalaraity unendun
ble.
Another proposition is to hold th
State elections at a different time froj
the national elections. There is n
reasons for economy, for good govert
ment, or the public good, to urge th
change. The only reason which coul
be urged is a political one, and a coi
stitution should uot be a political it
strument to favor one party or to dra
down another.
Another proposition is, to mato
-1 ?11 /i^nrifu nn,I SJhjfr A
lilt? It'i 1119 Ul ail VWUU 4,J (IUU
fleers four years instead of two, i
now. We see no special need of th
change. Various of theseofTieers liav
been elected every two years for
hundred 3'cars, and the plan has worl
ed satisfactorily in the past.
Another proposition, is to chanc
the annual,sessions of the Legislatui
to biennial sessions and to elect ti
members for four years instead of tw
This move seems so impracticable, ac
is so wanting in plausibility, that w
presume it is scarcely necessary I
pronounce oar objection to ths
change. A few of the States iu tl
years that are past have tried bienni;
sessions, and a majority of them ha>
gone back to the oh! way, and tl
others will do the same in a litt
* i ile.
And It is also proposed to tamp*
with the suffrage question, though
- --1-J ?4?1 ?That nnn
JS assyricu uui maici iai ij . A .... *,?
lion might just as well be let alon
It is just as good as we can make i
Of course any tampering with tl
suffrage question is for political ret
sons, and can be for none other. Tb
rights of the negro canuot be abrldj
ed without abridging our own righl
in the exact ratio.
Weobjecttoall the proposed amenc
ments because the eff<?rt will excit
the jealousy and suspicion of a larg
portion of our voters, and even if th
changes were effected they are inexpt
<lient or of doubtful advantage.
"We object to the agitaMon of a quej
lion about which our people are s
sensitive, at a time when it will re
quire our best efforts to maintaii
X>emocratic supremacy.
We object to the agitation of th
proposed amendments, because it wil
weaken us before the people, aud wil
Jesson our chances of a Democrati
at the election in 1S82.
We object to all the proposed chang
es because they are without merit
and should not be made, even it w
could effect them by the mere wish t
do so.
The Constitution of South Carolina
as it stands to-day, is without an equs
in these United 8tate*>, and it is nc
ikely that political changes to benefl
cr injure either political party will h
for the public good.
We are tired of eternal change, an
constant agitation. We had hope
when the Democratic party got in!
ft power that we would have a rest, an
* that the Ship of State would nail inl
quiet waters, but it *eems that a spir
of unrest pervades the minds of ot
people, and that between dissensioi
among ourselves, and this ceasele
war on the best constitution by whic
any people were ever governed, v
may yet be dashed to pieces on tl
frboala and breakers.
Hard Times.
It is only necessary for one to ri?
into the country to become con vine*
of the alarmingly short crops of th
year. In our opinion we are on tl
eve of a panic, the like of which v
i have never seen. Hundreds of fare
Scrs cannot begin to pay for the a
jvanoea which they have received <
the crop, and the greatest number
'them have mortgaged their mult
TV ago 118 auu came iu or^uit luc IJL,
roent of the lien. Ia some instanc
the merchant may be able to wait, b
it is fair to predict tlmt many plow* a
imals will be sold off the various fare
of delinquent debtors It boboov
every citiz?n to husband all his r
sources, and to contract no new deb
of any kiud. The failure of the cro;
in the West will most likely send i
the price of corn and bacon to a figu
which will do much to embarrass 1
still further. It is possible that tl
failure of the crop will very materia
ly effect the value of real estate, and
is barely possible to see the prices
farminglandsgodown to the figures
which it sold three or four years ag
Prudent men will of course be caref
about contracting debts at this tim
and those who are in debt have tl
greatest reason to fear evil cons
quences.
Dr. Lindsay in his last letter to tl
Associate Reformed Pretbyterit
says:
4*The spiteful editorial in the Pre
and. Banner about me is regretted f
the sake of the writer, and not for at
injury it may inflict upon me."
II is strange to us that as learned
roan ac Dr. Lindsay should not I
able to discern the difference betwet
a "spiteful editorial" and a respectf
criticism. There was nothing in 01
piece that partook of "spite." \1
merely remarked upon the charact
of his writing, and not a word w
intended to reflect upon him persont
]y. We maintain that even pious I
vines should observe the ameniti
and proprieties of life, and that tlx
have no right to offend the finer sens
bilities of cultivated and virtuous pe
pJe by retailing to them whatever
scandal may come to their ears.
We have good respect for Dr. Lin
say, and we wrote not to injure hii
but to ask his attention to an error i
to which we thought he had fallen,
Bar Association.
We understand that there is a mo
on foot to establish a State Bar Ass
ciation in South Carolina. Abbevi
is about to propose an action whi
will be seconded by the Bar of the e
tire State. Such an association wou
-no doubt be of great benefit to t
" ?
. !why The Prohibitionists Failed ii
|
^ 3?orth Carolina.
Dr. Lindsay In tbe last Aasocicit*
r Reformed Presbyterian gives tiie fol
lowing as the reasons for the fnilun
. of the Prohibitionists in North Caro
lina:
' T snrnntip llip nrnhihi}ionIsts liaV(
failed in the old jSorth State, and thu
whiskey and the devil will continue t<
i, reirn. Isn't it awful, that in this ag<
o ar.d In this land the demon of strung
drink is to riot over the millions o
our people, and flaunt its tiiumphs ii
the very face of Christendom ? Wi
o ought to study carefully the causes o
j. thin failure. I think I can point oui
some of them.
5* "1. The indifference of many pond
H people must have a place. Surely ol!
l,!who vote against prohibition are noi
i, | in sympathy with liquor-sellers and
With drunkards. We cherish the hope
that thousands who thus note are op>
^ i posed to the liquor business, but the\
;o!do not see fully the enormity of tlu
j.| evil, and that the strong arm of tlu
j law should be invoked to suppress it
i Many good people, too, have the notion
j that legal prohibition is contrary l<
1,1 the spirit of our democratic institun|tioHs,
that it places a restriction upon
.(personal liberty, and their fathers
i fought for this, and they canuot givt
^ it up.
y "2. The outrageous mendacity ol
,el the secular press is a large factor in tint
failure. Every one reads newspapers
ie and few learn to distinguish between
w actual facts and gratuitous assertions,
i- The papers assure us over and ovei
n acrain that prohibition is a failure in
Kansas, and also in Maine. We have
v even seen the statement in reference
re to the last State that more liquor was
? ? ? J I- *1 ? t.~ ~ ?kr
h 80IU UUll UIUUK lllUlC man ui'iuiv uu
5 "Maine Law" went into operation.
' You could easily prove by newspnpei
13 assertions that prohibition increases
drunkenness, and adds largely to the
liquor-trafllc.
e "3. A third cause of failure is found
in the unscrupulousness of the liquoi
11 men. Those who live by making
o drunkards' homes, of course have nr
i- regard for the rights or interests oi
js others. They usually have plenty ol
money, and they spend it freely in
" elections and in efforts to evade liquori
laws when passed. A fair election is
j. no more to be expected in our land,
_ nor one that will be a fair expression
? of the popular will."
We are of opinion that Dr. Lindsaj
P would not have made this broad assertion
about the secular press if h<
bad been better informed as to tht
18 facts.
'0
The Charlotte Observer, the leading
newspaper of North Carolina, pub
lished in one of the principal townso:
the State for weeks daily furnished
' able and forcible articles favoring Pro
hibition, and we have seen it stated
10
that three-fourths of all the newspa0.
[(j per* of that State were warm advo
>e cates of the law, and fully supported
the Observer in its vigorous efforts t<
^ secure the desired change. Why Dr
Lindsay should abuse the leaders ii;
16
j the temperance cause, and saddle tlx
blame of defeat on those who worket
*?
most zealously for Prohibition is e
mystery to us. Every intelligent mar
in this country, except the learned
Doctor, knows that the negroes voted
. almost solidly against it, and that n
large per cent, of white voters did the
6 same thing: for this reason it would
now seem that he would turn upon its
l" advocates.
ie In this State the News and Courier
led off in this work and that paper has
c ho?n BiiQtninptl hv n lanre number of
the country press, and whatever feeling
has been developed in the Prohibition
movement is due to the boldneas
and unflinching ability with
e which that paper has advocated the
:e temperance cause.
e Should the Legislature of South
Carolina pass the Prohibitory law,
leaving the people to ratify it, we need
h have no hope of its success, and we
? trust that the Legislature of South
Carolina will have the independence
0 acd the manhood to do whatever in
their wisdom seems best, without any
e truckling back to consult with Dick,
* Tomaud Harry. Thatdrinking whis'
key is our besetting sin is not to 'oe dec
nied, and if somethiug isn't done to
check it, there is 110 telling where we
will stop on the downward course.
'? We are of opinion that Dr. Lindsay
e does whiskey dealers an injustice, and
0 one which will rcaet and injure the
cause which he espouses.
' Dr. Lindsay's sneering and unjust
remarks about the secular press no
* doubt comes more from the effect of
11 indigestion than from any inclination
e to do anybody any wrong, but we
think it about time to hold upon the
^ secular press. Without their *ssistance
and co-operation but little can be
? done in correcting any public evil.
^ Weclaim that the standard of thesec[?
ularpress is fully up to that of the reIigious
press in any respect. Ther?
ir may be exceptions, but, as a rule, theii
** sentiment is as high, their morals isaf
good, and their language is as pure
And when it conies to the busiuesf
ie part of their papers an examinatior
ie and comparison of their advertising
pages will prove that none of the reli
gious newspapers cau lay claim t<
higher standards than 6omc of thesec
j ulur press.
?d , m |
is Oar Consolidation.
ie "A good many newspapers over tlx
ire State have given editorial notices o
n. our consolidation, and it would b(
pleasing to us to publish their flatter
ing notices; but we must for thistinn
>n forbear, since we have an idea that wi
of can get up better and more usefu
,8 reading matter for our patrons."
Wo Hi a nhnvft naracranh fron
eg last week's Watchman and Southron
We do not take it at all to heart be
n_ cause tbe editor of that paper ma:
il8 "have had an idea that he could get uj
e8 better and more useful reading''thai
g. our paragraph would have been
lts What we said was intended kindly
pg and we have no doubt that all thi
,p brethren vho wrote notices of the con
re solidation, meant the Bame, withou
ug any thought as to whether tbe Watch
ie man and Southron would or would no
reproduce their remarks.
jj We always copy whatever may b
of said pleasantly of our paper, or eithe
at of the proprietors, just as we wouli
0 do if the same thing were said abou
uj any other citizen of the town. Ou
e only regret is that a paragraph nov
[le and then escapes our notice, as ou
g_ notices of other papers are sometime
overlooked. An editor must keep hi
eyes open if be would see every littl
paragraph in every paper.
in In reproducing pleasant notices, w
do not think anybody would charg
** us with vanity. We reproduce then
y because of the pleasure one experience
at receiving the approval of his friend
a and neighbors. To have the respect
te ful consideration of one's neighbors i
>n worth a great deal to some of us, ant
U1 a kindly regard of our craftsmen i
ur more highly appreciated than gold
,'e We feel gratified at any kindly notic<
er of our paper, whether our sentiment
as are approved are not. We do no
ii- claim to be infallible, and when w
>i- err, we do not at all object to be sliowi
es the right and tbe better way, and fo
sy this reason should we at any time en
si- gage in any controversy, we make it
o- i rule to copy the remarks of our adver
of;sary, provided he is respectful, am
preserves the decorum becoming ai
d-1 editor. We have been in tbe busines
tn, i a long time and remember with mucl
n- pl? asure having keen the recipient c
, | many kindnesses from very many c
the brethren, and no paper comes t
the Press and Banner office whos
ve visits are not enjoyed.
He See the call to nominate town coun
ch cil. Next Friday is entirely too boo.
n- to make nominations,
ild Tax-payers would do well to rea
he Treasurer Perrin's advertisement,
ati Cot. Wabdlaw came home Mod
Enriching Pine Lands.
t [From the Mobile Register.]
? Our pine lands consist, usually, of a
dark, sandy loam, resting at the depth of
.about one foot upon a clay loam, which,
in turn, ut a depth of frotn threo to four
feet, rests upon a stratum of strong red
clay mixed more or less with sand.
These clayey subsoils are looked upon as I
t being of great advantage to the agricultu5
rist, holding, as they do, his fertilisers to
j The Teachers* Association.
It affords us pleasure to state that
? since our last issue a very attractivt
' addition hns been made to the pro
> gramme of the proceedings of theAb
beviile Teachers' Association. Miss I
D. Martin, of Columbia, has consent
s ed to prepare an essay to be road al
J one of the meetings. "Her subject b
} "A"Sketch." Miss Martin has been s(
favorably known as the principal o
^ the High School for Girls, in C'olum;
bia. that her presence at the meeting;
j at Due West will be hailed with pleas
, are. Let all our teachers and friends
j >f education read tlie advertisemenl
>ve publish this morning, and tliaj
will feel ashamed to stay at home on
I the Sth and Uth September.
?<a>?
t THE FACTORIES OF AUGUSTA.
[ Some Interesting Statements as to the
Prosperity of a Neighboring City.
Dr. Lindsay in Associate Reformed Prcs
bylcrian.
August 9th, 1881.
This has boon callod the canal city, and
J the designation is very appropriate, for
the canal is a prominent source of prosperity.
On it the factories are located,
and it furnishesa most magnificent wa1
ter-power, which, when fully utilized,
i -MI 1._ ? monnrunrnrinir nitr
7 win jiitinu una <? uiuimmi.vvv.....^ ?^
but little behind the largest even in New
England. The canal was first dug in 1843
f by Judge John P. King and others. It
: is 40feet wide and.5 feet deep, but when
two flour mills and. the Augusta Cotton
j Factory were supplied, the water was exhausted.
It was thus seen that it must
| be enlarged, if it should ever be the
source of much prosperity to the city.
1 The enlargement was begun in 1872 aiid
; finished in 1876; it was made 150 feet wide
' syid 10 feet deep, whii-h greatly increased
> the motive power. The cost of the en!
largement I think, was over ?1,000.000.
, The canal leaves the river at the head ol
the shoals, seven miles from the city and
, has a fall of 50 feet.
, There are several factories in successful
operation, and others in course of erec
tion. The oldest is the Augusta Factory
' which was begun in 1847, has now a capital
of ?600,000, 25,000 spindles 8,000 looms,
' and has paid from 8 to 20 per cent, pet
? annum for the last 16 years. The Presif
dent is Wm. E. Jackson.
f The Enterprise Factory has a capital o)
i half a million of dollars, and is about to
. be enlarged to double its present capaci,
ty. Wm. T. Jackson is the President.
"John M. Clark A Co. has a Yarn Mill
' of nearly 4,000 spindles.
1 The Council}' Factory has about 15,00C
spindles.
The Sumraerville Mills have 4,000 spindles,
and are said to have paid a.* high a
dividend as 40 per cent per annum.
The Sibley Manufacturing Co. has a car
. ital or ?wi/,uw, ana wuen iuihFjchu,
run 30.000 spindles, and 1,000 looms. All
of the buildings are not completed, and
; only a part of tho machinery in place.
. Work was com minced about a year ago
and some months must elapse before it is
' entirely finished. Tho buildings art
I quite numerous, and somo of them on f
magnificent scale The largest is 350 feel
in length by 76 in width, and four stories
I in height. The forelay is 40 feet wide, and
. 200 feet in length, and 11 feet deep, the
wheel-pit 100 icct square and 36 feet deep;
' 25 feet of this was blasted.out of the solid
I rock.
j The Superintendent's residence is j
handsome house of threo stories ; office,
two stories ; dye-houso ; cloth house 15C
i feet long; boiler and picker house 100 bv
4 60, four stories; cotton ware-house, 2<k
' by 40, four stories ; waste house, (>0 by 40,
I two stories. There aro six brick tenct
ments residences for operatives. Across
the canal opposite tho main building,
1 about ten acres of land have been graded
I off for twenty dwelling houses of four
I tenements each, two stories. The Company
own forty acres of land ; tho site
l for the building is 5 or 8 feet above any
; freshet. There have been employed as
many as 700 hands at a cost from 75 cts to
! ?5.00 per day ; can get as many as wanti
od ; most of them are negroes.
Three-fourths of the capital has been
taken by western ana nortnem
' The .Superintendent is J. S. Davis, a
Massachusetts man. The President in
. Mr. Win. C. Sibley, an Augusta man.
He is rich, but his wealt h does not keep
him from work, and better than all else
ho is a Christian gentleman, of the Presbyterian
Church, whoso hand and heart
are open to all good things.
When tho Sibley Mills aro completed,
they will employ about 1,000 operatives,
and add about 3.000 to the population of
the city.
The Langley Factory, though located
about 8 miles from the city, on the Carolina
side, is properly an Augusta institution.
It was organized in 1870 with a
capital of $400,000 and has 10,000 spindles,
31*9 looms, and employs about 3*2o operatives,
two-thirds of whom are women and
children. The dividend paid in the last
3 years was 35 per cent.; in the last 12
months, 13 per ccnt.; and for tho six
months ending June 30th, 8 per cent. The
President of the Sibley Mills also presides
over this factory. Langley ten years ago
had only twenty or thirty inhabitants; it
is now a town of 900 people.
The Company within the last two years
have built a neat church at a cost of $4,000,
which was paid for by the corporation
and charged to protitaud loss. They
contributed this present year towards the
support of the pastors of the Methodist.
Presbyterian, Baptist, and Episcopal
Churches, who each held service one Sabbath
in each month. After the publicschool
money was exhausted, about tho
first of March, the Company at its own
expense, continued pav to the teachers.
No liquor is allowed to be sold within two
miles of the Mill*. Isn't this a pretty
' 1' t i/?n f
good record ior a sonimss uuipmtiun .
If some Edward Garrett could go
through these factories and get behind
( tho scenes, the materials for many a useful
book and thrilling narrative could be
collected. The shameful work of sin and
' the blessed fruits of divine grace would
be presented in striking contrast. The
operatives are nearly all white people,
and generally present a neat and healthy
appearance. I knew a family in Abbe.
ville who wero almost starved; they
[ came hero ten years age; the children
were employed in a factory, and they now
i make a very comfortable living. It presents
a better opening for poor girls from
the country than anything else I know of
5 A little practice at the looms enables t
t girl to earn very good wages. On all th(
r streets near tho Factories there are the
' rum-hclls, ever open todraw in their vie
- tims and despoil them of their hard-earn
} ed pittances.
Granitevillo and Vaucluse belong als<
to the environs of Augiu.ia, and I may
collect statistics about them for some fu
ture letter.
Tho John P. King Factory has beer
chartered for a capital of fl,000,000, to bf
located hero on the caual. The stock htu
f not yet been subscribed, and the work 01
i it has not commenced. The success witl
- which the cotton inauuiacturing in teres
e has been prosecuted in this city, is ven
> creditable to the financial skill and bu&f
j ness management of all concerned. TU<
Northern capitalist can certainly tin<
nothing to complain of, in the welconn
l with which bo is here received, and in tin
handsome dividends which he gets I'o
the money he here inveHts. Such enter
" prise do much to destroy sectionalism au(
Y Hil up the "bloody chasm."
j A prominent gentleman in Boston, ii
an elaborate article, recently attempted t<
1 show thai cotton manufacturing coul<
, not be carried on successfully below tin
Piedmont lino. But Augusta by a mul
titude of stubborn facts has proved th<
e falsity of his conclusions. Theories
. however plausible, and when put fortl
even in most polished language, ar
1 worthier beside well established facts.
The success of the city seems to havi
I stirred up tho jealousy of New England
A writer, hailing from Providence, R. I.
a month ago asserted that the debt o
e Augusta was over $12,000,000, wherea
the fact is, that it is scarcely more thai
$2,000,000, and she has iu the canal'am
^ other public property, a full balanc
t against her debt, rib doubt this slande
was started to prevent Northern rnei
r from investing their money here.
V m ? mm
r South Carolina College.
s Saluda Argus.
8 We have upon our table the cataiogn
of tho South Carolina College of mechan
e ics and agriculture; the classics are no
taught. The course of study embrac
three years, in which are taught Englisl
history, rhetoric, mathematics, logic, po
e liticafeconomy, mental philosophy, geol
i ogy, geometry and organic, agriculture
and analytical chemistry. Tuition is free
8 the professors being paid by one half o
8 the interest upon the agricultural colleg
_ bonds, the other half of this interest go
ing to the Clatlin colored institute. Th
8 amount of these bonds is $191,000, ob
j tained by selling the land scrip donatei
for establishing such a college by th
United States government. Afterthesal
of the scrip the radicals invested the pro
3 ceeds of sale in State bonds, which bond
were misused or stolen by the radica
party when in power. The democrats ii
t 1679,' believing the United States govern
e ment would require the State to establis]
such an institution in accordance witl
3 terms accepting the donation, passed ai
r act requiring the State treasurer to issm
the amount of bonds to tho board of trus
tees of the South Carolina university, thi
a interest of which is applied to tho pur
.. poses already specified. Many of thi
, members of tho legibture opposed this ac
11 of eaddlin? upon the State this debt o
q two hundred thousand dollars stolen b^
_ the Republicans.
, To wbat extent the student is require*
b to labor in farm, garden and workshop:
if we are uninformed, and while we thin!
I it was a mistake to issue the bonds ant
are opposed to the institution, we mos
o say that tho course of study seems practi
e cat and hope the trustees may so managi
the fund as to give many of the poo
young men of the State the chance of i
practical education. Tho professors an
i- four in number, and a foreman of farn
o and shop; they are all men of ability
and the curriculum of study seems wel
adapted to the average young man of ou
d State. It is hoped and expected that by i
judicious use of the college buildings an<
of the interest on the bonds, the trustee:
l* may establish a cheap system of board
ing adapted to tho wants of our poplo.
) 1110 suriact', lll'.vayM ?lliuu Uiu-._y ivm-u V.
f his plants. In some of the lower situations
these clay under-strata are wanting,
; in which case it is sand from the surface
downward to an unknown depth. The
sand, in such situations, is usually white
' on the surface, but an inch under tinds it
' mixed with a black (organic) matter
' which gives the land a much greater doi
gree of fertility than an inexperienced
person would be likely to suppose it possessed.
These white lands are considered
our worst lands, but we have found
them only worse so far as they are less
, capable of holding fertilizing agents to
' the surface, being, consequently, more
easily exhausted by culture.
By aiding our pino lands with what, in
the old Kastern States, would bo considered
a very moderate quantity of fertilij
zing elements, we are enabled to grow upon
them good crops of almost anything
we see proper to plant.
An average specimen of wild surface
soil taken from our pine uplands and put
I to analysis shows about the following re
suits, according to Prof. E. W. iiillgaru,
formerly of Mississippi, but now of California:
Depth of soli, nine inches. Thoroughly
dried it consists of?
Potash 0.260
Soda 0.060
Lime 0.131
i Magnesia 0.182
Brown oxide of manganese 0.140
. Peroxide of iron 1.252
Alumina 2.358
Phosphoric acid 0.033
Sulphuric r.cid 0.024
Organic matter and loss 2 330
r Insoluble matter 93.252
A specimen of sub-soil taken from
twelve inches beneath the surface at the
same spot gave the following showing:
Potash 0.481
Soda 0.060
Li mo. ?. 0.075
Magnesia 0.519
Brown oxide of manganese 0.142
Peroxide of iron 4.148
Alumina 8,879
F Phosphoric acid 0.023
> Sulphuric acid 0.020
Organic matter and loss 2.119
Insoluble matter 84.028
1 These tables, while tliev do not show
tlio best lands in the world, show lands
) that could not, by any means, bo considered
the worst. Taken in from the wild
state, thev usually produce some kind of
i rrops for'two or threo years reasonaoiy
well, without aid, but after that a fair re>
turn must bo made totnem elso they will
1 no longer pass muster as productive.
1 Aside from the chemical agents in which
I the foregoing tables have shown them to
. be comparatively deficient, one of the
, greatest needs, usually from the very
i start, is
) HCMUS,
1 or decomposed vegetable matter, to pre^
vent "packing." Persons not acquainted
1 with sandy soils would be ant to think
' them incapable of packing and becoming
5 hard under culture, but packing in dry
f weather, especially over the day subsoils
' making up one of their worst features.
But it is not hard to prevent?an abun1
dant supply of almost any kind of vego
tiible matter sets them right and leaves
' them as "mellow as an ash heap" through
all seasons. In applying vegetable oiat.*
ter it would, of course, be best to make
i use of something qualified to supply also
the needed fertilizing elements, but in
1 case where this cannot be done, then oth>
er charactered matter should be used,
such as pine straw, the various pincywoods
grasses and broom sedgo. These
will make as good mechanical agents to
1 prevent "packing" as othor species of
veg( tation, and they will add something
to the fortuity of the soil, many opinions
1 to the contrary notwithstanding. Our
experience tells us that there is little danger
of getting too much decomposed vegetable
matter into pine land soil; but
there i3 great danger of not having
1 enough in'ifc, consequently the pine land
farmer should be supplying it in some
way at eTery opportunity.
LIME
is another element in which our soils; are
usually seriously deficient. They do not
need it so much as an eloment of plant
food as they do as a mechanical agent to
aid in the rapid decomposition of vegeta
ble matter. There is naturally lime
enongh for most crops to make out upon,
and where it cannot be supplied vegeta
"? Hio wnil should bfl
uju muucr up]/uvu iu
first heaped and thoroughly rotted, else a I
large quantity of it in a raw or partially
raw state may cause the crop to "firefang"
or bum out during tho hot and dry
weather of summer. Along tho coast
where shells are abundant this lime deficiency
may bo easily supplied by burning
shells and applying the lime. Shell liuie
is greatly superior to rock lime for applying
to soils.
THE COMMERCIAI^FEBTII,IZER8
do well on our pine lands, as a general
rule, provided we have added a sufficient
quantity of humus, but without this they
will not make much of a crop. Cotton
seed meal is one of the fertilizers in common
use, and it will make most cro^
grow splendidly if the other condition
just named is not wanting. Few people
realize this great need of humus,'and
hence go on blindly raising fair crops by j
applying large quantities of commercial
fertilizers, double tho quantity actually
required for the crop, perhaps. In tin's
extra application they are growing their
i own humus with expennive fertilizers,
when they might as well have picked it
up in the surrounding woods, or have
i made it by turning under a fallow. You
i may tako a perfectly clean and ontirely
exhausted piece of pine land and give it
i cotton seed meal at the rate of two thou|
sand pounds to tho acre, and tho first year
I it will not bring you much of a crop,
i There will bo more of the plants under
, tho ground than there is above, for the
' land is making an effort to supply itself
. with humus, Next year you will get a
' fair crop with less meal, for the decornEoxed
roots of tho preceding crop will
ave brought to tho soil at least a portion
. of the vegetable matter needed. If a libi
eral supply of decomposed pine straw or
. other non-fertilizing vegetation had been
i worked into the soil prior to s.pplyingthe
j cotton seed meal one thousand pounds
i would have shown far better result than
- were gained by applying the ton.
Among other commercial fertilizers
used on our pino land tho phosphates
> have usually given good returns, and
r where one is not particular to have the
- crop use up all the food in its year of application,
nothing is superior to an abuni
dant supply of ground bone or raw bone
> meal. Cotton seed hull ashes has worlti
ed its way into considerable popularity
i with us as a fertilizer, and it is undoubti
edlv good, making up thesoil's deficiency
t in potash, and to some extent supplying
/ several otner neeaeu ('leincms.
FARM YARD XANCRK.
? By this we mean the dronpSnpa of
1 horees, cattle, bogs, shetp, ana the like.
B This nover fails ; a bountiful supply of it
3 invariably brings bountiful crop* on evr
ery character of our culti latcd pine lands.
" It gives the soils everything they need in*
eluding humus, hence plenty of farm
yard manure is plenty of everythingwith
1 us. The only trouble that wo experience
J in the premises lies in our inability to
* procure the needed supply of farm yard
0 manure. If we havo plenty of stock and
* will give them plenty to eal, they will
3 make the manure for us, of course; but
? where are their supplies to come from?
J Off your enriched land, says one. That
0 might seem all well enough in theory, but
it would not work out to a meeting of
0 both ends in practice. It would be too
* much likeperpetual motion, oran effort to
. lilt one's self up stairs by the toas of one's
1 boots. It is impossible to prevent a
8 waste in some way, heuce eachyear must
I tind the farm receiving less in return than
it gave out, and, as a consequence, run6
j ning gradually down.
r We must be after making good the deII
ficiency. It may be done by seliin^crops
or stock and ouying fertilizers, or it may
be done to some extent by cultivating
and turning under air-feeding crops.
How done makesco difference, provided
it can be done with profit; when sucn is
8 the case the question is settled as to the
" success cf pine land farming on a large
scale. In (lays past most of our pine land
? farmers depend upon their utock for their
success.'i>ut tho the time when their old
methods ca.i be conveniontly carried out
j is rapidly pj ssing away. They sent their
stock into the wild range to gather their
l own food, ai.ri such as came home at
* night left tho results of their labors to enrich
the lands of their owners. It was
' like bees gathering honey?they went
forth every day gathering the fertilizing
I elements indigenous to the woods ana
* bringing theiu back as voluable stores
? in the evening. This was called.
COWPBNNINO.
8 The stock were mainly cattle, which
1 wore penned at night within a certain eni
closure until the owner deemed the land
- rich enough for agricultural purposes,
i then ho moved hia pen, in order that his
i stock might enrich another acre while bo
i was breaking and planting tho site of the
b preceding lot. Crops raised on this plan
- were often delightful to look at, and there
3 was never a failure where tho crop and
- the land receive propea attention. No
b finer crops of sngar cano, corn, potatoes,
t turnips, pumpkins, melons, and even
f cotten ever grew than wo have frequently
C seen growing, nnder proper management
at the hands of the cowpenning farmer
I Cowpenning is utill practiced to a con9
sidorable extent in many localities along
c our coast, but it cannot be made profitai
hie much longer, as a matter of course,
t Our lands are becoming too thickly so
- tied to admit of it, as so much stock will
5 eventually'have eaten out the range to
r such an extent as to have rendored their
fi sustenance impossible on the old plan,
o Then a change must come?the farmer
II must fall upon some plan to make his
. | own lands self-sustaining, since ho will
1, no longer have a countless number of
rj acres not his own to be constantly rak?J
ing in his living form, as it were. We
11 assert that this change can be made easily
9 J enough, and our assertion is based upon
- j what we know, and not merely upon
i what we think. Of course it would bo an
a??????mmpmmmmm
easy matter to make onr lands self-sustaining
and even highly profitable, could
we always get a market for our products,
at good figures, like they get in the pine
land regions of New Jersey already alluded
to, but such a thing is not to bo expected
throughout the Southern pine
country at present. So desirable a state
of affairs will probably come in time, especially
along our great railroad lines, but
that is'not tho point engaging our attention
at present. The problem which people
are now most desirous of bavins solved
is.
now to keep up fine lands?
bo that they shall not only bo self-sustaining
within themselves*, but shall also afford
a margin of profit suMcient to give
a living to their owner and biB family. In
our effort to solve this problem we will
suppose that an industrious man has jusl
immigrated to our pine region aud possessed
himself of say forty aures of land.
Tim tiirio we will further suDDOse
that his possession lias upon :it the usual
little pine country improvement, consisting
of a few acres of cleared laud v<*ith
the necessary cabi ns, <ftc.
Our "new comer" is what could be c onsistently
termed an extremely poor man.
He owns a horse, which is his only live
stock, also a cart, a plough and probably
some other simple implements of the
husbandman. With these he is aiming
to make a living for his family off his few
non-productive acres of pine land. His
neighbors tell him it is all folly unless he
has money to expend in the purchase of
fertilizers, which ho has not. By close
rubbing he may have enough to procure
his food supplies through the season, but
not a dollar the expenditure of which
could bo risked for any other purpose.
Looking around among his neighbors to
seo how they manage to live he notices
the excellent results coming from the application
ot farm yard manure, or ra.her,
from "cowpennlng." If he had cattle he
would be "all set up," but ho has net,
neither has he the means of procuring
them. But why are cattle so useful as
fertilizing agents? What particular elements
do cattle of themselves contribute
to the soil? They contribute nothing.
They are simply the collectors of fertilizing
elements, nothing more. And where
/1a nnllflnt nml whof ? Tnt.llA WOndft.
every place where vegetation is seen lo
grow, and they collect a certain character
of plants, such as our "new-comer" see*
growing all over the uncleared portion of
his forty acres. Years ago a larger portion
of rhe pines had been cut away and
converted into lumber for some foreign
market, and in their place a thick growth
of young oaks and hickories and persimmons
had sprung up. He saw his neighbors'
cattle feeding upon the young and
tender leafy sprouts of these, and it niiggestec?
mi iuea?they were Bimply making
a collection for tho neighbors' truck
patches. Was it not possible for a man to
collect as well as a cow? Whv not?
Upon this thought he acted. With his
cart anil horse be repaired to tho wood*
and, aided bv a pair of pruningshears, he
had soon filled bis cart witli leafy and succulent
sprouts of tho oak, the hickory
and other deciduous growths. It was not
much of a job to collect a cartload and to
throw it upon a pile in a corner of his
field. lie kept at his work and the pile
rapidly grew to immense proportions, and
being green and succulent tho materials
soon heated and underwent a thorough
decomposition, giving him a large supply
of as good "farm vara manure," so far as
related to properties, as was ever spread
"nmr iiln/tn nf nrnp n!n? Inna. In
""J ... ,
truth it was really a Dotter manure than
that gathered by the cattle, owing to the
fact that all its elements wore there, none
havinz gone to supply that want in the
animal economy which,had prompted the
cow in making'her collection.
The problem was solved. Our "newcomer"
found that he wa? able to make
his own farm yard manure independent
of the stock power usually employed, and
having a will to work he made it. Attho
proper time he spread it over his land,
ploughed it in and planted his crops. Jn
planting his Irish potatoes he opened a
deep furrow and filled it with freshly cut
green and succulent branches from his
oak woods. Upon these he dropped bis
potatoes, after which he threw a ridge
over them in the usual way. When tne
time for putting out his sweet potatoes
had arrived heliad his ridges all ready,
filled with green matter on the same plan.
His neighbors were dazed at the result?
large crops of both Irish and sweet pota
I IUU9 Ull jJWJl jauuo, m?uv?v v**uv. w..
penning or commercial fertilizers, was
something so u nreasonable that they could
scarcely credit tbeir own sense of sight.
And so it went from year to year. On
the land of (our "dewcomer" was a sandy
ridge covered with saw palmottoes. By
some meant* be learned tbis was among
the most rich ol our potash plants, so he
hauled it to bis grounds by the ton. Jt
did not rot so quickly as did his oak and
his hickory, but having things now in
good condition, be could afford to wait on
its slow motions. Tftere was no giving
out of supplies. Trimming tho branches
from his tree growths only made them
limb out more thickly and present a larger
sufaoo to work upon. The advantages
which they presented, due to the
trimming, were astonishing; they almost
seemed to realize that they were yielding
a valuable crop, and that it was no longer
appointed that tbey should convert them selves
Into trees.
There was no swamp on the lands of
our "newcomer," had this been otherwise
he might have used it to advantage by
mixing swamp muck into his compost,
and by gathering swamp growths for bin
heap,'including tho long moss, all of
which growths would have been found
decidedly rich in fertilizing elements.
He might have collccted pino straw bad
he needed it for humus, but the chanc-j
ter ol ins icriuizeni ieu no bucu nwonnii
in existence; and bo might have collected
pine cones had they been convenient,
for thfiy contain a larger per cent, of pot-!
ash than any other Southern growth
known, perhaps.
The forcfcolnc may read like an imogi-j
n.lrv sketch, but no matter what it reads
like, the thing will work out just so ever?
tima. It solves the problem.
The iLIen Lair.
[Anderton Journal.]
Some weeks since wo stated that there
was a pretty general demand throughout
tho State, and especially in the eastern
portion, for the repeal of the lien law,
but said that no one had offered to fiubstitute
a plan by which poor teuant? could
obtain supplies. Since that timo it seems
that a reaction has set in and a goodly
number of newspapers seem disposed to
take a calm and rational view of this important
matter. We reprint in this issue
extracts of a varied nature from several
of our exchanges, a brief perusal of which
is sufficient to satisfy an unprejudiced
reador aa to which are based on the soundest
arguments and arrive at the safes
conclusions. We doubt not it would be
good policy to modify the lien law somewhat,
as suggested by some of our contemporaries,
but it would be an unpardonable
blunder for the Legislature to
repeal it outright at the next session and
leave the people no means of giving security
for credit. That the lien law has
been abused wo will admit, and no doubt
the hind-sights of some of our wise-acres
enables them to see bow much moro
prosperous our people would have been
at this time if it nad never boen enacted,
but we claim that even the present condition
of affairs is far better than to remand
the masses of our people into an immediate
state of selldom by a simple repealing
act of the General Assembly. Legislate
| away the onlv security at their command
landtbevwilf by force of circumstances
be left at the mercy of lauded proprietors,
who can absolutely control labor by
dealing out or withholding bread, ana
we will then have a new state of slavery
that no low? term than selfdom will describe.
We are not satisfied with the
present condition of our masses, but we
uo protest against the Legislature making
it worse in response to the demands of
landlords who are anxious to grow
wealthy at the expense of pauper labor.
The men, yea and womeu and children,
who plow and hoe and dig the ditches
were noli numerously represented at the
Greenville agricultural convention which
resolved, "that the lien law should be
speedily, finally and forever abolished."
It was said that "freedom shrieked when
Kosciusko fell," and we may say, if the
lien law is repealed unconditionally.. that
liberty will languish while landlords are
triumphant.
Erskine College.
[Saluda Argni.]
We have recoived the catalogue of the
above institution, located at .Due Went,
and regret to see that the numLer of st Lidents
is small. Among the graduates at
the recent commencement we notice the
names of three who are sonr. of Abbeville's
most honored and btioved citizens.
One of them the son of the late Judge
Thomson, noted for his ability as a jurist,
his purity as a citizen and his devotedness
as a christian; the other two are
sons of ourefflciout and popular County
Treasurer, Capt. J. Wardlaw Porrin.
These young gentlemen are said to be
studioua and accurate scholars, and Erskine
expects them to add additional
honor to thoir alma mater, and to the
names of Thomson and Perrin already'
desorvedly popular and illustrious in Abbeville
county.
The location of this institution is in one
of the healthiest sections of the State;
the morals of the community aro unsurpassed.
The institution has fine professors,
all scholars of reputation and fitness
for their duties; two of thorn?Drs.
U ier and Patton?would do credit to any
university in the Union. The laws, regulations
and discipline of the institution
l u>'3 excellent, the hours of recitation and
' v ady well selected, and the deportment
L<iid devotional exercises of the student
jd:lige?tly watched and cared for. The
recitation rooms, chapel, commencement
hall ami socioty halls are all comfortable
land commodious. The libraries, cabinet,
chemical, philosophical and mathematical
apparatus' are well selected and
adapted to the wants of the student. The
curriculum is full and well selected, and
instruction is given by illustration, recitation
and lectures.
About thirty negroes left Anderson last
Monday evening to work on the extension
of the Northeastern Railroad iu
Georgia, between Lula and Clarksville.
* ' ' *' ' r ' '
-l^JgLLJl I M1l?
ADVICE TO THE FARMERS.
How They can in a Measure Retrieve
What Thej Hare Lost by the
Dronjjht.
[Oi 'eenville News.]
The Bubject of the 9hort crops, the reBiilt
of the ruinous seasons of this year,
is the chief topic at present with men of
practical observation, and "What aro we
going to do about it," is the natural reflection.
There is no doubt in the mind
of any one at this time that the-cotton and
corn crops will bo short, very short. A
prominent merchaht of this city, whose
judgment is based upon extensive oxdo
rienco and years of close observation,
Raid yesterday, tbat there will hot be
more than a half crop of cnttort made in
Greenville county this year, and that the
corn will fall far short of an average crop.
The reporter expressed the hope that this
foreboding was hardly warranted, as
farmers, as a rule, are very prone to look
at the dark side of the picture, and therefore
apt /) be more despondent than facts
will justify.
"No," replied the merchant "yon will
And that an estimate of two-thirds of a
crop will prove to bo extremely high figures,
at any rate. By the time farmers
have paid for their fertilizers, they will
have little or no money to spend In the
purchase of the necessaries of life. Next
year will bo the hardest year (bey have
seen in a long time ; in fact a great many
farmers will not bo able to nay out of
debt for this summer's supplies. You
will remember that the oat and wheat
crops were failures this year. These are
important crops, and their failures is a
serious set back to farmers. Now with a
half crop of cotton and a short crop of
corn, they will have the toughest kind of
a time to pull through next summer.
What thoy are going to do is a question of
serious moment."
In order to get both sides of the question
tho reporter approached a prominent
citizen whose long experience as a farmor
gives his opinions on the subject great
weight.
He told the renorttr that next year
would be a much harder one with farmers
than 1840?the year succeeding the famous
"dry year" of 1845. Not that the
results of the droughtare worse this year,
but in those days people had credit if they
didn't have the cash, wbile it is otherwise
now, and besides that celebrated "was
preceded by the most bountiful wheat
crop that this section of country has ever
grown. In comparison with the enormous
wheat production of that year our
informant pointed to the fact that wheat
and oat crops were failues this year.
"What are the farmers to do about it,
Squire?" "Tell them to plant oats, rye,
barley and turnips. Tell them to begin
to plant oats right now, and let every foot
of open land bo planted in something that
will make something to eat and feed stock
on. Let every one who has a 'fence corner'
plant it* in turnips. If the people
will turn their attention at once to planting
wheat, oats, rye, harlev and turnips,
they will find that these crops will help
them along greatly. In fact this is their
only salvation and unless they pursue
this plan, and plant largely in all these
crops, thev will see tho hardest kind of
times beginning- about the time young
persimmons appear on the trees. 1382
will bo an awfully hard year on farmers
and you may mark it. Tell thom to sow
oats "plentifully?now is the time to begin
?if they want to know what's best for
them."
m
MORE ABOUT TIIE CBOrS.
Tho Figures of the Agricultural Department
as to the Condition of
Spring- Wheat, Tobacco and Corn.
Washington, August 10.?The following
repor ts were issued from the department
of Agriculture at noon :
SPRING WHEAT.
The returns of Anguxt 1st give tho condition
of Spring wheat as 81 against 88
last year and 81 in 1879. At the same
time, compared withe the crop last year,
there is roported heavy decrease in the
Suite of Iowa and Illinois, slight decrease
in Minnesota, Nebraska and Colorado.
while in Wisconsin and all New
England States there is increased reports
from Dakota that indicate fair crops with
large increase in acreage.
TOBACCO.
The condition of tobacco at the date
of the returns to the department was
somewhat lower than at this time last
year. I:n the North and Middle Atlantic
States the crop was reported as better
than lasl; year. In Kentucky. Tennessee
and Missouri it was suffering from
drought; in Wisconsin it U reported better
than last year.
CO BIT.
The general average condition of corn
on Augupt 1st is 77?a very considerable
decline since last month, when it stood at
90. In August, 1880, the condition was
9.S, which, however, was exceptionally
high. The Atlantic Coast States make a
showing somewhat better than the general
average, except in South Carolina,
where the excossivo drought has cut
down the figures to 41. Louisiana and
Tflxas aro the next lowest of the Coast
States, from the same cause, reporting 67
and 46 respectively. Tennessee is the
lowest of the Interior States, its average
falling to 64. In the great corn growing
region the highest reports are 95 in YVisr>no?in
ftiu! 02 in Nebraska, and the low
est 74 in Kansas.
A Cowardlj Outrage.
Wo learn that unknown parties went
to the house of Mrs. Elizabeth Brougliton
on the plantation of Mr .J. V. Welsh, in
Pleasant Hill Township, last Friday
night,- and after rocking the inmates from
the house, (Mrs. B. and her daughter)
set Are to the building which was consumed
with everything these poor peoplo
had. The husband of Mrs. B's
daughter was absent from home. Such
an outrage should excite the indignation
of a civilized community, and every effort
should be made to ferret out the guilty
persons. We doubt not, if the Governor
of the State be informed of the particulars,
but that be would offer a liberal
reward for the capture of tho perpetrators.?
Lvicaslcr Ledger.
The Effects of the Storm.
Last Saturday afternoon, during the
storm, Wado Glenn, a colored boy of 13,
while riding a tino mare, was killed by a
falling tree, and the animal so severely
injured, that it died the next day. A
lai'ge tree was struck and demolished in
Col. Leavell's grove and one near the rail
road. On Mr. Setli William's place, near
Jalana. Ben Cannon, a colored man, had
his horse struck by lightning which,
with the contents, was destroyed by lire
while he and his family were at camp
meeting. We hear that Mr. J. 8. Hair's
tannery was also demolished.?Newberry
News.
Kufus Hatch waa interviewed on Saturday
In relation to recent large sales of
corn made by him, and he admitted that
some of his customers who had bought
corn at 42 to 48 were realizing their profit}
while the nrice was ud. As to the
future prospects of the grain market, he
nays: "Wheat is already thirty cents a
bushel higher than it wan thirty days
ago, and all interior warehouses arc tilling
up, under a very light export demand, at
these Increased prices. Dispatches from
Toledo say that the warehouses there
are full of grain, and that 500 unloaded
care are now in that city with no storage
for their freight. Cars loaded with grain
are on every side track between Toledo
and Fort Wayne. The Chicago warehouses
will store 14,000,000 bushels of
grain. They are two-thirds full to-day.
With the Chicago markets higher than
those in Liverpool and New York, how
long can they receive and store grain
without shipment? With a bank reserve
of less than 13,000,000 in this city, bow
long will it be before so nobody must
pay for the grain now in store and being
stored? With every brakeman on every
train in the corn bolt buying grain at 2
per >sent. margin, isn't it about time that
somebody found out what the export demand
is likely to do ? In old times in Chicago
we used to moauure the size of the
crops by what was paid for them. If the
prico was high, the crops were large, and
vice versa; for a small price lays three
crops away, and a big price brings one,
two and three crops out. Farmers are
slower but surer speculators than Wall
street operators. I believe in very much
higher prices in corn before another
crop; but there isn't money enough in
the New York banks to lock np the entire
grain crop of this oountry for the
next sixty days without export demand."
While a rain clond was passing over
this city last Saturday, Miss Lucy Little,
daughter of Rev. L. M. Little, while
walking across the floor of the dining
room, was struck on the rigkt arm and
hand by lightning which caused her to
fall to the floor. She was. however, soon
np and on her fcetagain, complaining only
of a numbness or tingling sensation in
the stricken hand. Thieodavs after onlv
two of the fingers seomed to be affected.
Doubtless the entire hand will soon bo in
its normal state.?Christian Nexghbor.
Till Death as Part.
'Till Death nc part."
Bo speaks the heart.
When ?ich to each repeats the wordsof doom;
Tliro' blessing and thro' curse.
For better and for wor.ie,
When will be one till that dread hour shall
come.
Life, with Its myriad sxasn.
Our yearning soul* Rhall clasp,
By ceaseless love and still expectant wonder;
In bonds that shall endure,
Indlssolubly sure.
Till God In death shall part our paths asunder.
Till Peath us Join,
O voice yet more divine!
That to the broken heart breathes hope sublime;
Thro' lonely lionrs
And shattered powers
We still are one, despite of change and time.
Death, with his healing hand.
Shall once more knit the hand
Which needs but that one link which none
may sever;
Till, thro' the Only Oood,
Heard, felt and understood,
Our life in Qod shall make us one for ever.
1
Abbeville Teachers' Association.
The Abbeville County Teachers' Association
will hold its Annual Session at
Due West ou the 8th and 9th of September.
A full attendance of teachers and
friends of education is earnestly requested.
Arrangements will be made to entertain
all visitors, and they should at
once inform Prof. Wm. Hood, chairman
of reception committee, of their purpose
to Attend the Association.
The following is the programme of proceedings.
THURSDAY 8th SEPTEMBER.
Forenoon.?Business meeting, 10
o'clock.
President's Annual Address, by Rev.
W. M. Grier, D. D.
Afternoon.?Paper on "Local Taxation
for Schools" by M. L. Bonham* Jr., of
Abbeville. Followed by discusHion.
Paper on "School Rewards and Punishments"
by Prof. E. H. Aull, Newberry
College. "Followed by discussion.
FRIDAY 9th SEPTEMBER.
Business meeting 10 o'clock.
Paper on "Modern Improvements in
School Teaching" by D. B. Johnson,
Principal of Abbeville High School.
Followed by discussion.
Paper on "Diligent TeachersThe only
means of Progressiveness in Education
;" by Prof. J. H. Miller, of Erskine
College. Followed by discussion.
Hon. Hugh 8. Thompson, State Supreintendentof
Education, will also deliver
an address to the Association, either on
Thursday or Friday, and Miss I. D.
Martin, of Columbia High School for
Girls will read a paper; subject "A
Sketch."
; W. M. GRIER, President.
W. C. Benet, Chairman Executive
Committee.
August 16tb, St.
MARRIED.
I MARRIED, by Rev. J. F. Olbprt, on August
Utb. 1881, at HU o'clock A. M.. Mr. JOHN H.
SPROUSE to Miss MARY WILLIAMS.
BIRTHS.
^BIRTHS. In EdcreflHd County, Mrs, E. G.
GrayiJen,-August 18, l?8I. a daughter.
UTOMATIC PENCILPOINTsi_
EDWIN PARKER.
August 23,1881. 2t
DIAMOND DUST. _
SUPERIOR to Sopolio for polishing Bmfs,
Silverware, Tin, Britannia, GIu?k, Ac.,
25ccnls. EDWIN PARKER,
August 23. 1881. 2t
A. M. HILL
& SANS.
Dealers in
Groceries and
Farmers'
Supplies of
every
Description.
Abbeville, S. C.
Doc. 15, 1SS0, tf.
A. B. C. LINDSAY,
DENTIST,
Practical aud Operativtjl
HAVING attended the Lecture* of tmi
Pennsylvania College of Den Lai Surgen
oners lil* profexnionnl service* to the public
nsa Dcntlxt and Oral Burgeon. Calls through
tbe country utlended to. All work wurriubt
ed and charge* reasonable. /
Residence 5 miles east of Calhoun Mills
South Carolina. /
June 18, IShO. I
T lumbeif.
PARTIES having Hard Lumbor,/Ashe
Hickory, and White-oak, can \l\Jni *al<
for the same at f
HEAL & McILWATSltfUi,
Carri:ige Shops, Abbevlllcv/8. C.
March 16,18S1 tf 1
J. Knox & Vo.
?AGE2TT3 FOR- /
MR. TOM YOONS'S
PURE CORN WHISKEY
THE host and purest CORN WHISKEY
brought to tills market.
Juno 22,18S1, tf
Whether yea stand or
Wfaether yon sit,
The K1GHMIK SHIRT
la sure to fit.
--S31ITII & SON.
June 8,1881, tf
J. KURSS,
Boots and Shoes, Harness
and lanyard.
BEST material n?ed, fine workmen^employ
ed, custom work made promptly, and at
tlie lowest bottom prices for cash. Hides always
bought at the highest market price for
cash or in exchange for learner or wont.
January 28, 1880, Jy.
Tie Williaastoa Female College i
Respectftli.y offers f/s services to those pa
rent* who desire to seilfic f?r their daughter*
the thorough and syurfWtrU-al cnllivation of
their pllyuical, inieliy:;*).'!. and moral powers.
11 1? coi)dncted?>n what. is called the
; "OKE-STwDT" ILAS. f itli a sh.mi-Annual
Couksk <>f Study ; afci. by a s\stein of Tuitional
Premiums, ib Low Kale* are mode
still lower for ALL who uverage 85 per cent.
No Public Exerefces. No "Receptions."
Graduation, which Mai way* private, may occur
eiijbt times u yeir.
THE FALL SESSION will open AUGUST
1,1881.
REV. S LANDER. President,
Oct 27, SO,ly W'llllamston, S. C.
BLACK SPANISH RADISH
SEED.
EDWIN PARKER.
Aug. 9,1831, 2t
E. G. SCDODAY,
Attorney and Counselor at Law,
ANDERSON, S. COFFERS
hU professional services to tho citr
Izens of Abbeville. Parties desiring to
I consult with hlin, may do so at. each session
| of the Court or tho County,or by letter at AnI
derson C II
| June 15, WL tf
To Rent.
NEW HOTEL IN ABBEVILLE.
HPHE vidorslgned has Just comploted his
X new hotel on the North-East corner of1'
the Public Squure In Abbeville, containing
fourteen large airy bed rooms, a commodious
dining-room, a large office,nnd a good cook . i
room. This Is very desirabto property in the;'
business portion of tho town, makes its location
well suited for a hotel. Its convenience
to th? business portion of the town will make
Itespzelaily attractive to business men.
Th? most reasonable terms will be offered.
To an enterprising hotel-keepar this is a rare!
offerand only which ihonld not bo neglected. |
AppJr early to ,
JOHN KNOX.
Jaly 20,1881, tf
THE TWIN SPRINlT ~
Iliavo tho Improved twin Spring nrlce
$3.00.
J. D. CHALMERS.
E. H. McBRIDE, M. D.
ABBEVILLE, S. C.
117 ILL Rive prompt attention to all practlcelntown.
Office at Drug Store.
August 3,1881, 12m
CONGAREIi/
iiini WIIU
Co urnbia. S. C
Agent for
CHAPMAN'S
PERPETUAL EVABRATOR.
i
riinE-SE WORKS WERE STABLI8HED
J In 1S47 by Messrs. Geo. 8li;!alr and Jume?
Anderson and purchased byae In the year
'l&Vf, and from that tlmo tlfliow carried on
successfully by inyseir. My rlends and customer*
will hear witness of je large and stupendous
Jobs execnted by n$ It was at my
works whore the luruestanialmOKt only Job
of Its clns?ev?>r executed Inula city was done,
viz.: the making of the nxja for the City
Water WorkH in the year 1>8. In the branch
of BELL FOUNDING. I say that I have
made the largest hells eveijust In the State,
such as Ihe bell for the Citftlall In Colambla.
My stock of patterns : * ARCHITECTURAL
WORK, COLUMNS or 8tore fronts. Is
lar,re and various, and In AILINOS for Balconies,
Oardena and Cet iterles I have the
largest variety and mos-modern patterns;
many of these are patents and I have purchased
the rixht for this l?te.
In the mnchlne line I ?? famish my patrons
with STEAM EN( IE?and BOILERS
of any slzeand desciipti a. My CIRCULAR
SA W MILLS have carrij, off the prlee at every
State Fair held In th* city, and In their
consfuctlon I have take pains to combine
simplicity with the mot useful modern Improvements,
nnd may titter myself that my
CIRCULAR SAW MILA tlnd fuvor with every
fftwver who onderslnds his business.
The many orders 1 arfcteadlly receiving for
SU<i AR CANE MILLaprove that the public
thd mUttt nfmiv mflkrA and in tf (
with my GEARING fir HORSE POWER8,
GIN WHEELS, GROT MILLS and other
MACHINERY. L
I have the manufajuring: right of many
PATENTS. 8licit as <?linK* for ROCK COTTON'
AND HAY PffisS and three or four
different FEED CUYERS and other lmplemont".
I will be pleased Intend my circulars to any
applicant, together jlth price list or estimate.
My prices are inodejte, and I assure the public
that tliey are liwer even than those ol
Not thern manun^rers, find that my work
will compare favrably with that or any other
maker. j Address
Johi Alexander,
Cosoaree Ifts Works, Columbia, 8. C.
iiulllee
j ?itst?
GREENWOOD I
MRS. J. P. STEPHENS
BEOS leave to Inform the citizens of Greer
wood and surrounding country thatsh
lias thin week opened a full line of
MILLINERY
-AND?
FANCY GOODS
athcrr<>sldence, nextdoorto 8. B. Hodzes
Co. Her stock comprises LADIES' HA1
AND BONNETS in nil the laU-st styles ar
novelties. trimmed to order, TOILET ART
CLES AND FANCY NOTIONS, of evei
style and variety, LACES AND LAC
GOODS. SWISS AND HAMBURG FRINGE
ANTIQUE. CAROLINE AND LANGUEDC
LACES. CHILDREN LACE CUPS AN
BIBS. .LINEN CUFFS. COLLARS, Ac. 3
fiiet every thing kept in a flrsU-lass cxtablls
inent. Goods all fresh find stylish. Prices
suit the times. Be snre to give bera call b
fore pnn-hnxlng elsewhere.
Greenwood. 8. C'.. March 30, 188L
New
I1II11 STflRI
I
Lawson &
Wardlam
ABBEVILLE, S.C
HAVE opened a newrtock of FURNITUR
over the More of A. M. Hill A Son, ar
will be pleased to receive a call from ti e
friend*. Thr lr ?fo<'lc cookIms of every varlel
of FURNITURE usually kept In a first-clai
Htorc. All of wliicu is olTeretl at priccs to su
the time*.
Feb. 21.1881. tf
RAILROAD NOTICE.
OUB.SCRIBERS to the capital rtock of th
Ci Atlaotlcand French Broad Valley Ral
rand are hereby notified that the first Insta
ment Is now eilled for.
Prompt payment In required, a* the work I
to be begun at once and will be pushed vlgoi
ouxly.
By order of W. K. Bradley, President A.an
F. B. V. R. R.
J. TV. PEBRIN, Treasurer.
Trennurer's Office,
Abbeville. Sluy 10,188L
CIGARS.
THE following popular brand* of &-CEN'
1 SEGARS,
Solon Shingle, Our Firm,
Lire Oak, Eureka,
AND THE CELEBRATED
Calhoun Chewing Tobacco, and
Little Joker Smoking Tobacco
?AT?
Cunningham & Templeton's
April 20,1880, tf
IT. I. CALHOUN, M. D.
Surgeon and Fbysician(
ABBfcVIJiJLii, W.
OrnrE?In rearof 0. T.Calboufrslaw office
March 23,1881, 12m
The Best Engine in tlie World!
THE ECLIPSE!
W.R.WALTON, agent
AUGUSTA, GA.
ALSO AGENT FOR THE
Geiser Grain Separator,
Saw Mills, and all kinds of
Machinery.
Refers to I>r. J. A. Glbert, B. C, Wall, and
Allen Momgne. of Abbeville.
Mny II, 1881,6m
MARBLE WORKS.
MONUMENTS nnd work* of new and special
design, Just received direct from
Italy '^dozcn beautiful monuments cut in
crosnes, wreaths and drapery: all beautiful.
Twelve new designs of tlie monuments and
monumental headstones of the best Vermont
marble. The above monuments and head
stones make up the stock of marble work in
the up country, ami prices as low as any in
the State. Can duplicate any order, and parties
can save freights from any point.
J. D. CHALMERS.
June 1,1881, tf
State of South Carolina,
Abbeville County.
IN THE TKOBATK COURT.
In the matter of the eslato of James A. Norwood,
deceased.
Tetltlon for Settlement and Discharge.
NOTICE Is hereby Riven that Sarah A. Norwood.
Kxecutrix of James A. Norwood,
deceased, has applied to this court for a discharge
from herotllce.as Kxecutrix,
It is Ojwkkki), that Friday the 28th of August,
1S81. be fixed as the day for the settlement
of the said estate and discharge of the
Kxecutrix. All parties interested will be governed
accordingly.
J. FULLER LYON.
Probate Judge A. C.
July 27, 1881, tf
V
, -ry>* "'T-' '
a-, . ' - .. i
W; > " -
famuobk BXPAJoriaorr.
' columbia, 8< o, jor?a1ml.
On aad altar Tbursdap, job* una. ml, fit* aongcr
Trains will run aa herewith la<IHa<
upon Ibis Rood and 1U branches.
DAILY, EXCEPT 8CHDAY*.
no. 41 Vt pambkocmi
Leave Columbia A* M Nta
L^ave Alston 08 p as
Leave Newberry?<w?i;.??~w <? loi pa
LenvefHodges........ItfpM
Leave Bel ton 4 67 pa>
Arrive at Greenville^ ?~?. If p aa
2*0. 48. sowx pasekkquu
Leave Greenville 10 U mm
Leave Bel ton ,~.._11 67 a w
beave noage*..... ? * ?
Leave New berry. ? 147 pa
Leave Alston K. 4 4ft p aft
Arrive at Columbia F ? ft f0 p as
gPABTANPUKO* UHIOM AMD OOLCXB1A HA IV
fcOAD.
ho. 42. vr fAamren.
Leave Alston ? 12 Spa
1 vo Btrotbcr 1* w p b?
LeaveSyles Ford........? 1 14 p :*
Leave S Del ton. 1II p Ml
Leave Fish Dam 1 45 p a?
Leave Santuc t 04 p m
' Leave Union i.-?~ 3 84 p m
Leave Jonesvllle 8 W p m
Leave Pacolet ... ?3p?
Leave Spartanburg S.W.AC.depot R 4 08 p m
Arrive Spartanburg R. A D. depot E 4 tS p aa
HO. 43. DOWW PJUHEKOZB.
Leave Spartanburg R. 4k D. depot HIS 4 S H
Leave Spartanburg 8. W.AC.dep?4(} 1 p as
Lea ve PacoleU. 1 if p M
Leave Jonesvllle i H p St
Leave Union. ?*.?.?..*?ft to p Ml
Leave Santuc ~~~ I n p
Leave Fish 1 am. .*>*> 8 21 p ra
Leave Hhelton_...? HO p m
Leave Lyles Ford ... 8 4B p at
Leave 81 rot her .. 4 M p OK
Arrive at Alston.? ? __ 4 87 p at
LADKI58 SAILBOAB.
Leave Newberry IKpH
Arrive at Laurens^ H I 4ft p m
Leave Laurens C. Hi ft 86 a IW
Arrive at New berry 11 ftft p at
ABBEVILLE BRANCH.
Leave Hodges. ft 47 p Bf
Arrive at Abbevllls..,,. 4 87 p ai
Leave Abbovl 11?_.? .....j j.h.v.m<.*.-m.1) 1ft a Ml
Arrive at Hodge*? m. 1 Oft p m
BLUE KIDOK BA1LKOAD AltD AHgMftOIt
BBAKCHv
Leave Bel ton M ft Oft p al
Leave Anderson ft 84 p ^ ,
Leave Seneca Q 7?p *
Arrive at Wolhalla 7 put
Leave Walballa ? $ 38 mm ?
Leave Seneca D-. t M a Hi
Leave Pendleton 10 HaM
Leave Anderson....... 11 13 a as
Arrive at R?it/?n r 11 4t ptm
On and after tbe above, throoab ears will an
ran between Colombia and Hendeisonvllld
without chance.
COKHZCnOIfe
A. With South Carolina Railroad ftoat
Charleston, With Wilmington,Calombfaand
Angusta Railroad from Wilmington and all
point* North thereof. With Charlotte,Col' ?
umblu and Angnsta Railroad Aon Cbarlatt*
and all points North thereof. ,
B. with Asbevllle and Spcrtanbor* RaU? *
; road foroolnts In We*tern NotiblCaroUna. g
C. With Atlanta and Charlotte Alr-Ltof
Railway for Atlanta and ell points Sooth and
Jl. With Atlanta and Charlotte Alr-Lia?
Railway from Atlanta and beyond,
K. with Richmond and Danville Baft*
_F. With Sooth Carolina Ball road ttL
Charleston. With WIlmlnfton.ColoarMaana
AUKtiata Railroad for Wilmington and the
North. Wtth Charlotte, Columbia aad Aa*
gusta Railroad tor Charlotte and tbe Nodfe*
G. With Asbevllle and Spartan bnrg Ball*
rood fTOm Henderson vllle.
H. With Richmond and DaarlU* Ballroad
from Charlotte and beyond
Standard time need la Washington, D. CU
which Is fifteen minutes fetter than Colnaf
Ma.
3. W, FRY, Superintendent.
a. Pom, General Paeeenger Agini.
nuHii
J Have in store an4 to arrive, a .
' Large and Varied Stoek
L o? -' 6
DRY GOODS,
STAPLE and FANCY NOTION*
GROCERIES, HATS, CAPS,
" BOOTS, SHOB8, TRUNKS,
AND many other articles, all of whleh will
be sold as clow for CASH, and qpon ad
GOOD TERMS as any bonee In AMovflla.
Give oa a look and we will give yon a tar*
aaln.
ts.We will ship your Cotton or boy lt.^g
| Chrumos. *
j. i LARGE lot of new Chronica 23 x S and
i, A 24 x ?,) on exbibit'oo and tar sale, a*
-fr 91.16 each at ?
? LAW80N * WABDLAW8.
8 April MB. Vr M -,
? Beceived This W??k!
? THREE NEW AND STYLISH WALNUT
^ 1 Chamber Saltes at Bottom JUIo<e,a4LAWSON
* WARDLAWB.,
April 70,188L
J.W.SION
ABBEVILLE, 8. C,
_ iTEEPHon band a foil aaaortnMntaf COP'
IV FINS?flrom tbe cbeapeat to the beat.
Hearse will attend fbnerals. Whendesired.
He will also Can tract for the
Erection of Buildings- J>
He la arent for the aale Of Sash. Doom
Blind*, MnaldlOff*, fHfllrratllfic*. Floor! a*?
and everything pertaining to boaaa baiMlaf
April 7th M?, tf
;"
C0L0GVE8.
WOMAN'S NICKLE COLO0JT* X end
per bottl*. T*jIor'? Premium Colop*
_ 25 cent*. Monumental Cologne S eeateaod
7 .VI cent*. Fellow's Extinct 26ceo la. Fellow'*
f Superior Extract 60 cents. Toilet (Soaps IV
ceula to 25 cent*.
EDWIH PABBJEB.
J, Feb. 23, WW. t/
e w. c. bkket, j, h. rfcm,
1 Abbeville, 8. c. v ioetr-Sz.8. &
J BENET & RIOE#
attorneys at Law*
- IllE have formed ft partnership for Uwbbh
Vf tlce of law. And will practice In aO UMT
Court* of the State.
BERET ft BICB.
e Feb. 23,1881, tf
j
WM, H, PARKER W. C. McGOtfAW.
; FAfiEEB & McGOWAS
ATTORNEYS AND SOLICIfOBS,
ABBEVILLE, C. H., S. C.
Will practice alto in the Clreatt Court* of
II-J /?- CUMlIk fa anil?>
TV IliC UUHCU PHUO <w >JVUM* vwwumw
jAQ7.I580.tr
i.%
r Dr. H. D. WIL80I,
*
DENTISTRY,
Abbeville, C. K, 8. C.
0
93T Office: UpcUln ortf t>? jwoeyy
]NTotioe.
Estate Thomas Tlrason, taet
' A LL person* having demand* I0lnrt the
J\ estate Thomas Thomson, decouwd, will
present ihcm duly probated, and all ttaoaeIndebted
to the same will make Immediate payment
to either of the undersigned*
M. M. THOMSON, Administratrix. ; : ^
8. G. THOMSON, Administrator. ;%j
T. P. QUARLE8, Administrator.
Abbeville ,8. C., June 21,1881.3m
SELLING OFii
Jt i
-AT- f g|
New York Ca! |
fj^HE^GREATEST BARGAINS TO BE H '
Gents5 and Boy
CLOTHING^
GENTS' AND B(W'S ? J
STRAW HATsI
-AND ALL OTHER? S
SUMMER G00BSh|
FOR THE CASH:!
Call soon and get yourself supplied. H
P. ROSENBERG & GO J
Martb 30,1881, U