The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, July 21, 1880, Image 1
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ABBEVILLE PRESS & BANNER. 1
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BY HUGH WILSON AND H. T. WARDLAW. ABBEVILLE, S. C., WEDNESDAY, JULY 21, 1880. ^ NO. 7. VOLUME XXVL^^M
What Matter.
What matter, friend, though you and I
May sow, and others gather ?
We build, and others occupy,
Each laboring for the other.
What though we toil from sun to sun,
rAnd men forget to flatter
The nobleet work our hands have done?
If God approve, what matter?
What matter though we sow in tears,
And crops fail at the reaping;
What though the fruit of patient years
Fast perish in our keepiuc:
Ujxw'onr hoarded treasure, floods
Arise and tempests gather?
it faith beholds beyond the clouds
A clear sky, what matter?
What matter though our castles tall,
And disappear while building;
^ Though strange handwriting on the wnll
Flame out amid the gilding;
Though every idol ot the heart
The hand oi death may shatter;
Though hopes decay and friends depart?
It heaven be ours, what matter?
A SLIGHTMISTAKE,
Katie ran into the kitchen singing,
but the song died on her lips when she
saw her sister Hannah's stern look, and
her mother's tears falling over an open
letter in her lap.
"What's the matter?" cried Katie.
"Mother, lias anything happened?"
" Nothing but what we expected,"
said Hannah before Mrs. Derwent could
open her lips to reply. "The agent
'writes that wc must give up the farm
next Monday."
The tears started to Katie'B blue eyes.
"Ana this is Wednesday," Bhe said;
"it is too bad! I ju9t hate that Mr.
Arle I Why does he, with all his wealth,
Want to take away our little farm ? Oh,
dear! Can't anything t>e done?1'
Mrs. Derwent only sobbed in answer,
"but Hannah looked keenly at her young
sister, as she said, meaningly:
"You are the one who can best an
swer tiiHt question, n.aue.
Katie's tace turned crimson, and then
grew very pale.
*'Oh, Hannah," she said, imploringly,
"don't ask me to do that, for I
cannot; no, I never can!"
"You would rather see us turned out
of home than make & small sacrifice,
thenP"
" A small sacrifice, Hannah ? To me
it seems very large."
" Heaven onlv knows what we are to
do!" wailed Mrs. Derwent. "We
haven't filty dollars in the world!"
"Can't we borrow enough money
trom Squire Davis to pay oft this mortgage
P" asked Katie, desperately.
" You must think Squire Davis has
no sense," said Hannah, sharply. " He ,
wnnM tnnw wnl) pnnntrh thoro titqa tin
*1 ?MV ?? H Vi* VUVMgU VUVft v nuo uv
chance of our ever paying him back, j
We manage to make just enough off the ,
ferm to live, and that's all."
"To think that I should have to go|to !
the almshouse in my old age!" moaned i
Mrs. Derwent.
*' Oh,mother!"surely not quite so bad
as that?" said Katie.
"Perhaps you will kindly suggest j
some plan," said Hannah, sarcastfcstty. '
" 1 know of but one way in which we ;
csd "keep our home, and that does not
appear to s>uit you."
" I'll have to think it over," said i
Katie, "and while I am thinking, 1 !
will catch that gray rooster you want
for dinner, Hannah."
" Very well; but Paul can't help you,
*r for I've sent him on an errand. And I
hnno f Innl? trv cnm o mirnACfl
IIVI/V > VW 41 ?UiUA IV ovrnv UU1UUOV.,
Katie."
Iiannah began to wash up the break- j
flast dishes as she spoke, knowing tbat
'her sister understood very well what she '
meant by her last remarkB, for Katie
sighed heavily as she put on her straw
hat and went out to the farmyard in
search of the gray cock, which she
found scratching in some straw, utterly
unconciousof his impending doom.
But at the first flutter of her apron, j
which she tried to throw over him, he i
fled, closely pursued by the young girl, I
whose seventeen summers had not j
given her dignity, or Jaken from her a ,
childish love of racing and climbing.
But running proved hard work in the
hot August sun, and,out of breath at last,
Kaiie stopped in the clover-field, the
frightened fowl still a safe distance ofl.
In Squire Davis1 great meadow she i
oould see the busy laborers loading the j
immense wagons with new-mown nay, ;
and just beyond the stone wall which i
divided his farm from the Widow Derwent's,
lay one of the men under the
whade of a spreading oak-tree, his hat
fpulled over his eyes, and his rake lying
on the green gras3 beside him.
* A sudden inspiration seized Katie,
who, putting her foot on the jutting
stone of the wall, sprang lightly to the
lop.
Man!" she called loudly?" oh, man! j
will you please help me catch my
rooster? I know Squire Davis won't
mind it you do."
? The man thus singularly addressed
sat up suddenly, his straw hat falling
from his head, and thereby revealing a
wealth of curlv chestnut hair. His
clothes were rough and ill-fitting, it is |
true, but his face a refilled and handsome
one, and his be?:ing far above
that of the average hire i man.
441 will help you in tiny way I can,"
be said, after a quick glance at the
flushed, pretly face of the girl on the
atone wall. ** Did you say you wanted
me to help you catch a rooster?" hesitating
just a little.
U 44 Yes, my sister wants him for dinner,
and I've run until I'm tired out.
Do you Buppose the squire will scold
ii you spend a little while helping me?"
44 Why should he?" in a tone of surprise.
44 Well, he's very strict, and his hired
men have to work hard, I've heard. I
guess he don't know of your resting
under this tree, and I'm alraid he wiil
hear of it from the other men, and pay
you Your wages and turn you off."
44 Oh, I see," said the young man,
with a smile
44 It is true; you don't know him as
well as I do. 1 guess you haven't been
working for him long."
44 Only this morning." I
4' You Iook smarL enough to make
v something better of vourseil than a
hired man in a h.r\ field," pursued
Katie. "But of course that is your
own affair. Don't let us waste any more
time talking; that rooster is getting all
his strength back."
The youog man sprang lightly over
the stonewall, and again the chase beean,
the poor fowl succumbing to his
destiny after five minutes of hard running.
"And now you had better hurry back
to the bayfield," Katie said, after thanking
the young man for his assistance,
"or you will certainly lose your place.
It isn't very pleasant to be turned off.
Oh, dear, I forgot that we are to be
turned off ourselves next Monday."
" What do you meanP"
"Well, I suppose you've heard?
everybody in the neighborhood knows
it?that there's a mortgage on our farm.
Ta- * ???,? V?a on/9 rtrtor t.hi<
lb iiae uccu uuc oia uiuuvjuo? ??? t*v ?
agent writes we must leave next Monday.
"Oh, how I hate that Mr. Arle!"
setting her small white teeth together
vindictively.
The young man started violently.
? "Is he the holder of the mortgage?"
he asked, biting at a wisp of hay he
held in his hand, his dark eyes bent on
the eround.
" xes, and he is rich enough, if report
K is true, to afford to make us a present of
the old farm. But I must go. or Hannah
will be scolding;" and, with repeated
thanks-for the help he had given her,
she hurried away, thinking him far
f . bUperior to any laborer she had ever
previously met, and hoping the squire
would not give him a scolding for shirking
work. (
The chicken dinner was much enjoyed ]
by little Paul, the only one of the j
family who did not feel troubled at the :
impending removal from the old home, !
and he, poor child! was too young to i
know what sorrow meant. *
Hannah looked stern and forbidding. *
Mrs. Derwent's eyes were red, and there were
traces of tears on Katie's cheeks,
for she had not escaped a scolding from ?
Hannah for unnecessary delay in the
catching of the fowl, ,
When dinner was over, and she had :
helped her sister tidy the kitchen, Katie '
took a tin pail from the pantry and her
hat from its pes, and started out.
" Where are you goingP" asked Hannah,
sharply. "
" To the stone wall in the pasture to ?
I pick blackberries," answered Katie. ^
" I saw some nice odcs up tbere tins "
morning when I wsis chasing the F
roo3ter, and I thought mother would L
like some for supper."
"Very well," said Hanrah; "but *
don't stay the whole afternoon, for s
you've all these dish-towels to hem, 0
though there's no telling if we'll use
'em, since we'll be in the poorhouse 8
alter Monday.
The afternoon sun shone full on the ?
blackbeiry bushes, and Katie found 11
; picking the ripe fruit no cool task; but
i she preferred it to sitting in the house ]?
j with Hannah, listening to bitter re- 11
proaches for her refusal to take the step 3
I whir?h rniilH nrpvpnt the nld hnme from ?
; passing into the hands of Mr. Arle. J*
" Why should I have nothing, and ?
Squire Davis all the good things?" she
said, aloud. " Even the cool shade is ?
on his side of the wall!'
She was interrupted in her rebellious t]
reflections by tfie sudden appearance of ?
Hannah, almost out of breath from run- 11
ning.
"Katie," she said, "come home at '
once. Squire Davis is waiting to see .
you." ti
"Oh, Hannah, I can't go! I don't u
w?nt to see him!"
"Katie Derwent, jou ou*.ht to be
ashamed of 3ourself," criecl Hannah, jr
loudly. " Squire Davis is rich, a mem- ^
ber of the church, an da man any woman _
might be glad to marry." t.
"But he is so old, Hannah, and I am
only seventeen."
"Pshaw! what does that matter? ?
You will see us thrown on the charity of .
our friends, robbed of our home and its
comforts, rather than make a trifling
sacrifice. You can't have much love for
your poor, sick mother or little brother.
Squire Davis would pay off the mort- .
gage at once if you would only promise to j
marry him. Come, Katie, don't be so
stubborn." t
" I'm not stubborn, Hannah. I would
do almost anything for mother and Paul,
but, oh! let me have a little more time.
I will think of it?I will indeed. Tell
the squire to come to-morrow, and I'll
give him my answer." ar
" Do you suppose he will submit to at
such treatment?" demanded Hannah, at
"Told to come and go at your fancy! h(
You promised last Sunday to give him m
an answer to-day." ti<
" But 1 can't, Hannah; no, I can't to- Cc
day. You can fell him anything you b(
like, but J won't see him to-aay." pi
"Then I'll tell him I couldn't find w
said the wily Hannah. " If I w
should tell bim you had refused to come Pj
he would suspect something."
Katie wailed until her sister's gaunt v?
figure had disappeared over the rising ci
ground, and then, throwing herself jE
down by the blackberry bushes, burst ar
into tears. J vi
"I suppose I must do it," she j m
moaned. I ai
41 No, you mustn't," said a very sym- m
pathetic voice, and looking up Katie es- in
pied, to her astonishment, her acquaint- w
ance of the morning, sitting above her f0
on the stone wall. He was handsomely ti<
dressed now in a suit of gray tweed, and Ca
looked undeniably a gentleman. di
" Were you listening?"she demanded, Sc
sitting up, the tears still lingering on her re
long, curling eyelashes. di
"Yes, I was," was the frank reply. Wi
You see, I grew tired of work, so I left of
the squire's employ, put on my Sunday m:
clothes and strolled out. I was lying T]
down in the shade of the wall, dozing, a
and bad just become aware of your is
presence on the other side when your hs
sister came. Of course I could not then wi
declare my proximity without embar- 0r
rassing you both, so 1 waited." sa
" You don't seem to think you are em- th
barrassing me now,"said Katie, won- th
dering wliy his black eyes sparkled so T1
mischievously. ce
"Am l?"very cooly. "Well, I am bi
sorry. Still you don't look very much fo;
overcome with confusion." is
" Annpnrnrif-pa ?rp rlpoeil.flll some- Hii
times," said Katie, rising to her leet. an
'"True; you will have cause to re- be
member that later. Now, take a little w]
advice in return for that you gave me be
this morning. Don't let your sister per- th
suadeyou to marry the squire. You are ex
far too young to take the position of tai
stepmother to his five children. t h
"But if I don't marry him we can't
keep the farm. No one else will lend us
the money to pay off the mortgage. Oh,
how I hate that Mr. Arle!"
The young man smiled. as
44 Something tells me that ail will wi
come out right in the end," he said, of
44 Wait a little while and see if I am
not correct in my prophecy." in
44 You are very kind, I'm sure, to take of
such interest in me," said Katie. 411 ge
thank you very much; and now good- oi
bye?I feel too badly to stay out in this fe
hot sun any longer," and picking up her foj
pnil of berries she walked away, the m
young man watching her until she was or
lost to sight over the rising ground of n\
clover field. di
Katie's heart felt lighter, though she si
aould scarcely tell why, and she crept b(
up the backstairs to her own room unnoticed
by Hannah, and bathed her 31
red eyes. Then, feeling much refreshed, al
she threw herself on her bed and was
soon asleep, completely worn out by the i*
excitement of the day.
She was awakened by the sound of j*
voices in the parlor below, and curious
to know who the visitor could be, she 11
smoothed her hair and went down- s<
stairs. 1,1
The parlor door stood half open, and cs
she advanced as far as the threshold,
I but no further, for to her infinite amazement
she saw, seated on the sofa in easy "
conversation with her mother, the P
young man whom she had left two hours ^
previously by the stone wail in the 8
clover-field. eJ
" Katie, this is Mr. Arle," said Mrs.
Derwent; " and he has been so kind as !?
to offer to let us keep the farm at a small 11
rent. Come and thank hiin." C1
But Katie did not stir in obedience to ?
her mother's command. She gazed at b
Mr. Arle a moment as if petrified with e
amazement, and then turning, fled, ?
slamming the door behind her. 11
"Forgive her rudeness, Mr. Arle," ^
murmured the proper Hannah. "She J!
is only a child, and does not know (
how to behave."
George Arle smiled, but said nothing,
understanding better than Hannah d
Katie's strange conduct. v
Katie was standing under the apple c
tree by the gate in the front garden t
wben George Arle came out of the (
house and she waited lor him. r
" Forgive me," she said, as he came 1
close to her. "I did not know. I a
thought you were really?" c
" The squire's hired man," he interrupted.
"You see that, as you said,
appearance are deceitful sometimes. I e
borrowed that old suit from Bob Davis, ]
and I went to the hayfield for a frolic; 1
but I found it less fun to toss hay than I 1
had anticipated, so I went under that t
old tree to lie down. I came yesterday f
to the squire's to spend a few days with 1
Bob." ]
"What must you have thought of
me?" Katie faltered. "I gave you ad'
I vice and said?"
I
"That you hated Mr. Arle. Oh
ion't bear you any grudge. I am v<
?lad you did not know to whom y
ivere speaking, for, had you known
should not probably have learned wl
ny agent was about. I did not e\
tnow that the mortgage was due; or
je told me of it, I had forgotten it. E
t is all right now, and there is no r<
ion whatever that you should marry t
iquire," with a merry laugh.
Then he went away, and left Kat
vith a radiant face and a very li?
leart, standing by the gate.
When the squire came the next d
or his answer, he received it from Ka
lerself, and it was very decidedly in t
legative.
Disappointed and chagrined, t
lderly lover went home to pour t
tory of his sorrows into the ears of I
;uest, George Arle, who sincerely a
rised him to transfer his affections fro
he childish Katie to the practical Ha
lab, who was in every way fitted to ri
lis house with judgment and econom
The squire's thoughts were driv
oto a new channel, and he was n
low to see the soundness of the advi
ffered him.
The result was that three months hi
carcely elapsed before Hannah was i
tailed mistress of the Davis househol
he having no scruples on the score
ier admirer's advanced years.
The three months had not prov<
nnwoiiUni Kotip. who received caj
rom George Arle whenever he cou
pare a day from his business in tl
lty. Standing together one evening
tfe October under the old apple tr
y the gate, the young man sudden
x>k in his both the small brown ham
t his blushing companion.
" Katie," he said, trying to look in
be blue eyes which were persistent
verted, " tell me, dearest, do you sti
ate that Mr. ArleP"
There was no answer, and Georj
aised with one hand the dimpled ch:
ntil he could at last see into thest
lue eyes. What answer to this que
on he read there, he could best tel
ut it must have been the one 1
'anted, for soon after there was a qui*
redding in the village church whei
iatie had worshiped since her chil<
ood, and the blushing girl became tl
'ife of him she had once mistaken ft
le squire's hired man. She thought
KIcconH miofubp nnw_
Before they left the village Geori
rle placed in his bride's hands a dee
" the old farm, with the remark:
"Give it to your mother, Katie. ]
ill be a gift which cannot fail to r
ind her pleasantly of tbe little gi
ho persuaded the squire's hired ma
i hejp her chase the rooster, and in e
>ing sealed her fate forever. That ol
ay rooster little knew how he woui
;lp us to a lile together by runnic
to that clover-field?bless him!"
Horseflesh as Food.
The subject of using horseflesh as a
tide of food has not received muc
tention of late either at home c
>road. But it is about to be revive
;re, it is said, by a number (
en who are persuaded that its adoj:
Dn would benefit the poor, because i
iuld be furnished at a lower rate tha
;ef. They think, too, that it is, i
operly cooked, very palatable, an
ould be enjoyed by many person
ere they not prejudiced against il
iris is the sole city where hippophag
is been and is still practiced, an
here many Americans Uavelrom pur
iriosity eaten horse in various forms
i 1855 and 1856 the topic was widel,
id earnestly discussed theie, with
ew to introducing horseflesh into th
unicipal markets. Geoffroy St. HiJ
re, the eminent naturalist, gave th
atter due consideration, and declarei
a public lecture that such food i
holesome. A hippophagic society wa
rmed by some of the most enthusias
; Frenchmen, and they met periodi
,lly at dinner over divers eiaborat
shes whose foundation was horse
>me fourteen years ago horse wa
gularly and authoritatively intro
iced into market; special abattoir
ere appointed for the slaughte
animals, and certain rule
ade respecting the sale of the meat
ue beasts were killed in the presenc
veterinary inspector, whose dutyi
to stamp every joint of meat that h
is approved. Horses that were old o
orn out with work were not rejected
ily those that were unhealthful. Th
me regulations still hold. Many o
e minor restaurateurs have horse oi
eir menus, and it is in fair demand
ley are obliged to avow the fact, con
alment or deceit rendering them lia
e to a line. They use horse mainl;
r soup, bouillon and sausages, but i
sometimes put into the most delicat
shes; is so seasoned with condiment
d so disguised by culinary art as b
rtAiirmflfa AtluhrtH
IU113UCU UJf J WW,
tio wauls to test hippophagy at it
st must go to Paris. It is not likel,
at horse will ever be eaten here to an;
tent, since beef, to which it is cet
inly inferior, can always be had ii
is country,|even by the poorest clasi
St. Vitus' Dance,
This disease is sometimes describe
"insanity of the muscles.1' In it
orst form it is very distressing an
ten fatal.
At first there iu.iy be only a twitct
g of the eyelids, or th-j muscle
the face; but at length, fc; days tc
ther, or until the person, utterly wor
it is relieved by death, the limbs ar
arfully convulsed, being dashed pei
ips against the bed-post with tre
endousforce; or the body is suddenl
ced up ward to its extremest tensioi
id as suddenly thrown in the opposit
rection; or the head is rolled froi
de to side incessantly. A strong line
;d-covering will be completely d<
royed by the violent movements in
ngle day. The body becomes bruise
aa excoriated from head to foot.
It most frequently attacks childre
om ten to fifteen years of age. Sa^
rilliam Sjaith, Esq., Fellow of tl:
oyal Medical and Chirur^ical societ;
ondon: " I consider the disease one <
icreased nervous action, deriving i
>urce directly from too much stimuli
on of the nervous system and the brai
>pecially."
During childhood the great objei
imea ai Dy naiurt: iu uviitumc n
isease is nutrition and growth. Pla;
ure air, good food, and freedom fro
lental excitement are what the chil
aould have at the expense of every thir
Ise.
In case a child shows incipient chore
it all attempts to excite its intellect (
,ssensibilities be wholly avoided. S
Lire, without fail, the normal activi
f the stomach and bowels. Sponge tl
ody daily with cold water, for its ge
ral tonic effect. Bathe the feet wi
?arm water every night before retirin
jr the quieting effect. Guard co
tantly against all frights. Shun win<
icersand every form of spirits.? Youli
lonwanion.
A Philadelphian of patient and plo
ing turn of mind has accomplished t
wonderful feat of writing on two posl
ards the entire Book of Esther, the (
ire Book of Jonah and the 231s Psali
)n the surface of these two cards he t
ninor woll.fnrm
UJILWV^CU 114 ? * ?
etters, although almost microscopic
ize, no liss than 7,114 words, compos
>f 29,309 letters.
There was an exciting wolf chas(
ihort time ago in Godfrey townsh
Illinois. The animals had become
3old that they appeared in the neighbi
aood of farmhouses in packs of from i
jo ten. The boys got together a
jtarted the hunt, which resulted in i
tilling of several and the capture o
large gray wolf.
Cider is made in Texas from tor
toes, and sells at 91.25 per gallon.
< I The Farmer In America.
' J Emerson has, said in his pointed wa?
j that, as a rule the farm owns the man
' t and not the man the farm. There is as
* much truth as wit in this, and the truth
jr of it is strikingly illustrated by the fact
jut that heretofore the farm Das received
far more attention from writers of all
[ie sorts than the farmer. The culture and
enrichment of the former have been
je exhaustively discussed, but the de,i.i
velopment of the latter hns only recently
attracted attention. To get the best
and the most out of the soil is not so
important by any means as to get the
u most and the best out of the farmer. His
personal development means an imu
mense increase in his power as a prok
ducer, for there is not the slightest
doubt 1 hat the highest success in agrij
culture can be reached only through
; " thoughtful and intelligent agriculturn
ists"
l" Farmers need the best culture they can
get, adapted to their wr.rk; not only because
they are farmers, but because they
t constitue nearly one-half the voting population
of this country. In the report
of the sixth State convention of the agricultural
societies of Michigan, it is
stated that of all who are engaged in
j" commerical and industrial pursuits of
1 every kind in that State, omitting professional
and personal, five-sevenths are
o agriculturists?nearly three-quarters.
n_ In the census of 1870, in ttie same
classes, there are 3,898,649 in all other
p commercial and industrial employments,
and 5,992,471 in agriculture; not quite
I," so near three-quarters, but a large majority.
Add 2,684,793 for professional
/ and personal, and the agricultural is
very little less than a majority.
t In other words, the farmer has largely
the balance of political power. His
importance in the State has always been
recognized. Eeypt, Persia, China,
Babylon, Greece, and Rome regarded
the iarming class as fundamental in the
? State. In Egypt and Babylon it was
earliest and most fully developed by a
wonderful river system. In the better
' age3 of Greece and Rome it was the
principal and most honorable employment
of leading men, yet even the mai
jority of agricultural workers were not
educated or developed, for these leading
men employed slaves.
*1 X lie '/?V>bU<. UJUUtMUU) 44V M wf MV<M
agriculture to be a servile employment,
and forbade freemen to be workers on
'j the soil. In the latter ages of Greece
and Rome all the workers on the soil
were slaves. In the middle ages the
soili was owned by kings, barons, and
pi nobles. They employed tenants, serfs
or slaves.
Tbe necessity of a class of workers on
the soil has been obvious in all ages, but
d as a general fact they have been in a de'
based aud servile condition, the result
B of an aristocratic ownership of the
soil. It has been owned by a lordly few,
and the cultivators have beeu tenants,
serfs, or siaves, laboring for the wealth
,n ot an aristocracy. Such they have been
h Now, however, there are evidences on
>r all sides of a development of the farmd
ing class unknown In all preceding
>f ages. They are the stable basis of the po>
litical system. Their relations, moreit
over, to the old world are now so comn
manding as to greatly increase their
if importance as a class. The old world
d is full, and increase of population taxes
s the soil. One or two poor seasons cause
famine. Here is the granary, and our
y farmers have the keys of life. A few
rl figures will indicate more clearly than
e can be done in any other way the present
i. condition of the farming class
y Statistics as to the number of farms:
a In 1850 1,449,073
p In 1860 2,044.077
In 1870 2,659,935
g In 1880 3,259,985
j The rate of increase has been about
8 600,000 every ten years; hence the estis
mate for 1880.
Average size of the majority:
- In 1870, 3 720 larms had 1,000 acres & over,
e In 1860, 5,364 farms bad 1,000 acres & over.
In 1870, 15,873 farms had 500 to 1,000 acres,
s In 1860, 2,016 larms had 500 to 1,000 acres.
~ In 1870, 565,054 larms had 100 to 500 acres
S In I860, 487,841 larms had 100 to 500 acres'
r In 1870, 754,221 larms had 50 to lOOacres.
3 In 1860, 6l'8,078 larms had 50 to lOOacres.
" In 1870, 847,614 larms had 20 to 50 acres.
e In 1860, 616,558 larms had 20 to 50 acre*.
In 1870, 294,607 larms had lOto 20ac?es.(
In 1860. 162,178 larms had 10 to 20acrcs.
r In 1870, 172,021 larms had 3to lOacrea.
g In 1860, 54,676 larms had 3 to 10 acres.
f Comparative number of persons em*
a ployed: By the census of 1870 the population
was 28,228,945. Employed in all
1 occupations (men), 12,505,923. Of these
. 5,922,471 were employed in agriculture;
y 6,583,452 in all other employments,
t Other employments: 2,684,793, profese
sional and personal; 1,191,238, trade
s and transportation; 1,707,421-, manufaco
tures, mechanics and mining; 20,504
y usuentx).
s Comparative value of fixed capital:
y Farms and tools, etc ?9,600,000,000
y Manulactures $533,244,?50
'* Mining 222,384,854
a Fisheries 7,469 575
3 $763,098,575
By this showing of the census the agricultural
is twelve times all the other ,
fixed capital. But as the stores and j
d houses and other means of commerce i
s are not given, we may rest on the estid
mate of J. W. Johnstone, that nine-1
tenths of the fixed capital of all civilized i
countries is in agriculture.
? Comparative value of products:
" Agriculture (orchard and garQ
den included) $2,825,879,361
e Agriculture (by itaell) 2,447,528,658;
"" Manufactures... .$1,016,178,431
!- Mining 152,598,99-1
y Fisheries 1,642,276
x, $1,173,419,401
e These figures suggest, rather than
n dequately convey, the present resources
n of this country from an agricultural
point of view, and they indicate theim*
mense importance and growing influence
d of our farming class.?Christian Union.
n sen iieip.
's Fight your own battles, asking favors
ie of no one, and you will succeed far
V> better than those who are ever turning,
first this way and then that, for a little
ts help. No one can ever help you as you
l" can help yourself, for no one will have !
in the interest in your affairs that you, of,
course, feel. The man who pushes on '
through thick and thin with unflagging !
10 purpose and indomitable courage, in j
Y' nine cases out of ten makes a name and
place for himself which people honor
1(1 and admire. The old motto, "Thereis
>g no such word as fail." should be impressed
upon the young. Life's ways
a' are rugged and full of thorns, and it is
3r only the brave in heart who can hope to
e" battle a way to fame and fortune. He
who waits for others to push bim will
i,e find himself passed on the road by those
J1' who push themselves. People who have
111 bv.cn bolstered up all their lives, are like
? reeds in an emergency. No one can lean
n" upon them, and if they cannot find a
prop for themselves, down they go, and
1 s cannot help themselves up again, but
must wait for some friendly "hand to
raise ttiem. These " boosted " people
id- never accomplish anything in the world,
he They are not trusted because they do
tal not trust themselves. It is of little con:n
sequence to the world if they sink or
m. swim, and even a man's best friends
las ?row tired of helping hiui over obsta'
'? L " ~ olnno TIlP
PG C1CS Lit! UUglib lu ouimuuuu < *vuv*
in man who leams to oonquer circumed
stances is independent of fortune, and
will receive more smiles than frowns
from the tickle goddess.
i a The ambitious and industrious man
ip, has little patience with, or regard lor,
bo the man coDtent to remain at the bottom
ar- of the ladder all his life. The man who
jix keeps his wagon wheel in the rut all the
nd way to town, simply because it is too
the much trouble to get it out, is apt to aef
a complish as little good to mankind as
the one who expects to be " boosted "
along through life. Both belong to the
na- same family, and merit pity rather than
reproach.
SUMMER DISASTERS.
Some of the Aceldenta Attending Hot
Ins, Fishing ind Bathing.
Four men were drowned at Altoi
til., while fishing.
Elias Altman, of Huntington, Ind
vaa drowned while drawing a seine.
At Fall Creek, Ind., George Searh
tvent in bathing, and was never see
again.
Thomas Carr, of St. Louis, twent
years of age, was drowned by the caj
sizing of a boat.
Sunday rowing cost Charles Drepp, c
Erie, Pa., his lire. He and three con
panions were capsized.
Doctor John B. Lansing, of Albany
N. Y., was drowned in Lake Chasey b
the upsetting of his boat..
Frank Smith, aged ten, and Henr
Brown, both of Munfordville, Ky., lot
their lives by drowning.
Frank Lefarge, aged twelve, of Decs
tur, 111., and William Henry, of Rc
chelle, 111., aged ten, died by drowninf
While playing about the mill-race a
Dundas. the three-year-old daughter c
I J. CrossJey fell in and was drowned.
Willie Baumgartner, of Bay Cits
Mich., six years of age, while fishin
from the dock fell in and was drowned
A bank on which Charles Edwards
aged eleven, was fishing, at Platte City
Nfo., gave way, and he was drowned.
Sherman Ash, aeed fifteen, of Plain
field, Ind., lost his life by the upsettinj
of a boat in which he and another bo;
were rowing.
While sailing in a pleasure boat a
Nineveh, Ohio, Miss Emma Morrov
was seized with a fit, fell overboard am
was drowned.
Annie Mitchell, who went with tw<
young men to a picnic near Raleigh
N. C., was the only one saved when thi
boat capsized.
James Smith, aged four years, of Put
in-Bay, Ohio, was drowned from a plat
form at the bathing beach. His bod;
was recovered.
While fishing from abridge in Buffal<
river, Glyndori, Minn , the seven-year
old daughter of Willard Brown lost he;
lifp hv Hrowninp'.
Six boys were boating on the Susque
lianna river at Harrisburg, Pa., on i
Sunday. The boat upset and WalJaci
Schomberg was drowned.
Michael and Thomas Shortel, of Buf
falo, aged seven and ten years respec
tively, went swimming. Michael tool
a cramp and was drowned.
John Lynn, twenty-four years of age
of South Chicago, while rowing on th<
lake, \yas throvsn overboard by th<
breaking of an oar-lock, and wai
drowned.
Charlie Anderson, of Little River
Cal., fourteen years of age, while fishinf
from the rocks in the harbor, wai
washed off by a heavy swell am
drowned.
While standing on the banks of th<
Allegheny river, near Olean, a little gir
of seven years fell in. A little fellow o
five pulled her out by the hair of hei
head.
While fishing from a skiff in th<
Muskingum, H. C. Roush, his son, anc
W. T. Alaher were carried ov*r th<
dam, out were saved after a severe bal
tie for life.
The three-year-old son of M. W
Griffin, of Battle creek, Mich., while
fishing with a pin hook for blocks ir
the cistern, lost hi3 balance, fell in and
was drowned.
Two young men named Crocker and
McMillan lost their lives at Raleigh,
N. C., trying to save a young lady fron:
drowning. The young lady was saved
by others.
Charles Hafford. eighteen years of age,
of Madison, Ind., slipped from a raft
was carried by the tide under it, wher(
escape was impossible. The body waf
recovered.
John Wilson, seventeen years of age,
of Columbus, Ga., was drowned whih
bathine. He got into very deep water,
and, being a poor swimmer, becamj
rrightened and sank.
Peter Wilson, of Grand Haven, Mich.,
aged eleven years, was a hero. He saw
bis little brother fall in the Grand rivei
while fishing, jumped in to save him
and did so, but lost his own life.
It was only a shallow stream, but
when Henry Mullin threw in his line
to fish when on a picnic, he fell forward
on his face, and was suffocated before assistance
arrived.
Emma Sheets, aged thirteen, of Ches
ter, Pa., was so startled by the shrieks
oi the engine whistle at the mill that sh<
fell from the los on which she was play
ing in Chester creek, and was drowned.
The little son of John Kelly was seized
with cramps while swimming in th<
Sacramento river, and was drowned
Robert N. Storrs, aged nine, slipped
into a deep hole and was also drowned.
Albert Love fell from the steamboa
Caliope, near Seattle, W. T., and wa
drowned. He lost one oi his brother.1
by falling into a well, and anothei
brother was drowned in the Columbif
slough.
How Things Will Be Five Hundrei
Years Hence.
Scene?Study in the house of an olc
gentleman in Australia. The old gen
tleman telegraphs to the servants' roon
and John appears blown out of a jmeu
matic tube.
Gentleman?" John, go to the carriag*
house and fill the family balloon. M;j
wife and children will fly to Calcutti
about four o'clock to Mr. Johnson's, ii
order to be present at a ball. Then dus
well my little balloon and fill it also. -1
must fly immediately to the Londoi
exchange, but think, however, that ]
shall be back before four o'clock, in ordei
to be able to accompany my wife a hun
drcd miles. Shn will be back about tw<
o'clock. Should it be very dark abou
this time have one of the monkeys ligh
the electric lamp so that it shall illumi
nate about two or three hundred miles
In the morning I expect several friend:
from Hong Kong and San Francisco
- - -? ???
don't lorget, mereiore, tu ^
Paris to Chevet's successor about th<
pastry a la Napoleon XVIII.; say t<
liim that we shall expect it at half pas
live o'clock still warm. Tell the cool
that yesterday's artificial beefsteak wa;
spoiled by too much nitrogen. Sucl
deplorable carelessness ought neverto
occur again.
Courtship for Cash.
A case that has lately been before th<
courts shows with peculiar force th
mistake that xnen and women make o
going into courtship on business princi
pies. The bridegroom thought hi
bride was wealthy. The lady had simi
lar fancies about her suitor, while :
strong backing by families and friend
j was not lacking. Then all parties founi
themselves mistaken, and the expectan
| couple discovered they did no iloveeacl
other, ana tue puonc, wuitu mwajo i
ready to sympathize with tne sillies
pair of genuine lovers, laughed as the
read the story and declared that th
disappointed couple was served exactl
right. There are plenty of such case
that do not get into the papers, but ',he
all end the same way, and there is n
known method of avoiding unpleasar
results. After all sham sentiment i
rubbed off of love and marriage tli
truth remains that no man and woma
can live happily together unless thf
mysterious attraction called love exist
and that in life contracts formed upo
any other basis the money that is gaine
by either partner from the other cann<
purchase exemption from livelor
misery.?New York JTerald.
A man at Locust Grove, Ky., has In
liie coffin in his room for twenty yeui
but is still a robust man.
T1MELI TOPICS.
It is getting to be a fine state of thinf
when one way to tell a bad bill from
a, good one is because in the counterfe
the engraving is much superior to tl
workmanship on the genuine bill. Tt
clerks in the United States treasury d
s partment recently came across a $1(
'3 counterfeit that in make-up and finis
:n was equal to the real article, and in man
respects was greatly superior. Wesha
y have to be careful not to to take in thos
)- $100 bills heedlessly.
)f ' In a recent lecture on the possibilit
i- of foretelling earthquakes, Professt
Palmieri expressed the belief that b
. means of seismographic stations, tel<
' graphically connected, for registerin
* and reporting preliminary earth tren
blings, it would be possible to forete
y earthquakes just as tempests are noi
,l; loretold, and to issue warnings t
threatened districts about three days i
advance. He did not expect to live t
h see such a system in operation, but h
C* hoped and in a measure expected the
,t posterity would be benefited by its un;
>f versa] and permanent establishment.
\ Last January a California fruit deale
? took 200 fresh lemons fresh from th
1 . - 3 A 1 ? A
i* treeaDO Dunea mem 10 iue ga uuu, t
i, see how they would keep. Four month
, after he dug them up and found 'hem 3:
perfect preservation, as sound and fresl
. and nice as the day they were buried
y Every one knows how potatoes kee;
y when properly covered by eartl
Apple3 would doubtless do equally well
. and possibly the same method may an
: swer for grapes and other more perisha
T ble fruit. It would not cost much ti
1 try a lew experiments in this direction
and success could not fail to be advan
5 tageous.
> ???
B The Tay bridge, at Dundee, wbicl
was blown down last year, is soon t<
- be rebuilt. The main features of thi
- new structure will be two. The ol<
j iOng girders, which were thirteen ii
number, are to be replaced by twenty
3 six email girders, and tht-y are to b
. thirty-one feet lower than they were ii
.. the old bridge. This new plan will givi
abundant security for stability, but i
will, of course, involve a lowering o
" the girders already standing, and it ii
on this ground that the plan is expectec
to be opposed. The people intereste(
in the fifteen or twenty smacks tha
- find there way up the river to th<
neighborhood of Perth in the course o
c a year will, in the name of "the navi
gation of the Tay," probably take con
, siderable exception to the new plans,
e
2 It has been officially decided that i
3 railroad company or steam boat corpora
tion has no right to detain or imprisoi
, a passenger for refusing or neglecting t<
5 pay his fare. The Metropolitan Ele
3 vated Railroad company detained a pas
i I spnppr. because at the end of bisiournej
be bad lost bis ticket and bad tried t(
3 force himself past the gate. The couri
1 awarded him $100 damages. A Harvarc
f student, Inst summer, going to Newpori
r bought a through ticket to New Yorl
for a dollar, the fare to Newport beinc
j $1.60. The officers of the boat kept him
[ on board by force at Newport until b<
, had paid the extra sixty cents. Th<
. court adjudged him $75 damages foi
false imprisonment. Another passeu
ger lo9t his ticket during the nigbt, anc
; was not allowed to depart next morn5
ing until he had lelt his watch in pawr
| for his ticket. The court gave him $50.
A Nashville correspondent of Brad'
street's Weekly Reverter furnishes for th<
- last issue of that paper some statistics
1 of the sheep raising of the world as
I timely iu reference to the statistics upor
that subject expected from the pendin .
, census. Possibly many will be astonf
, ished to learn that, notwithstanding it
i vast extent, the United States raised ii
i 1878 only one million more sheep thar
Great Britain, and that the weight o:
the year's product of wool in Great
I Britain actually exceeded the weight o
the same product in this country bj
[ thirty-three million of pounds, or thai
Australia raises double the number ol
sheep that are raised in Great Britair
> and the United States together, althougt
' its yearly weight of wool is only thirty
seqen millions of pounds more than th<
yearly weight raised in Great Britain
The correspondent estimates that this
; country will need ?73,000,000 pounds o
! wool bv 1890.
The Emperor of Brazil is still indulging
that fondness ior material progress
. which caused him to express so much
) admiration for this country when visit3
inghere. He has just given the lasl
. stroke to the new Rio Janeiro watei
works, letting into the city water from
i streams forty miles away, carried,
j through vast intervening reservoirs,
to Rio Janeiro by twc
{ thirty-two-inch mains ; and he
he has also given the first stroke to a
new and important railroad. These
1 things, however, cost money, as the
3 Khedive of Egypt found out. Brazil's
3 finances show a prospective deficit foi
r the new fiscal year, even exclusive ol
1 the $6,000,000 desired for public works
It is believed that she must continue
for a while to add $8,000,000 or $10,000,'
1 000 a year to her debt, which now, including
oustanding obligations inpapei
j currency, is fabout 814,060,000 millreis
or about $407,000,000. It lias been in[
creased by about $17,000,000 the pasi
year.
Mr. George G. Rockwood, director o
I the choir of the Church of the Hoh
t Trinity in New York, oilers a prize o
x $70 for the best anthem for fuil chorus
I- I with or without solos, duos, quartets
J ?* ? _? fon
1 etc., interspersed, ana a prize ui <pov
, the second best. The words are to b<
r from Holy Scripture exclusively, ant
r the length of the piece must be fron
four to seven minutes. The judges ap
J pointed are Mr. Joseph Mosenthal, thi
t Rev. Dr. George Jarvis Geer, Mr
t George E. Aiken, the Rev. Dr. Marvii
R. Vincent and Mr. A. R. Parsons
The object declared in offering thesi
j prizes, namely, "to contribute to thi
. promotion of a dignified and reveren
J school of sacred composition in Amer
2 ica," is surely an important one; anc
j if Mr. Rockwood can do anything t<
? diminish the scandals of the prevalen
- church music he will be a public bene
5 actor. In the present scheme the com
! posers of the successful works are ex
pected to surrender their copyright b<
that the anthems may be published a
cost price.
The Medial limn and Oazetle men
? lions the case of a young man who
? while traveling from Paris to Lyons, li
a match by scratching it with hi
" thumb nail, and a piece of the incandes
cent phosphorus penetrated under th
* nail and made a slight burn, to whic)
j: he paid no attention. But after an liou
? the Dain became intense, the thumt
? swelled, then the hand, and next th
forearm. He was obliged to alight a
a station on the journey and send for i
? medical man, wiio declared that irnmc
? diato amputation of the arm was neees
- sary. The patient insisted on postpon
? ing the operation for a few hours unt
f the arrival of his father, for whom h
? had telegraphed. Before the lattei
however, could reach his son, it w.i
? too lute; the poisonous matter ha
' gained the arm, then the shoulder, an
nnppiitlnn hpoftme iuiDossible. H
g ?UJ ,
died in great agony in only twenty
,t seven hours after the burn. The cas
shows the danger of handling plio:
'n phorus in the manner described.
id
at Patrick Kearney, the Oregon pionee
ig who in 1862 threw into the sea a baz <
gold, the earnings of many years, 1
rescue a little girl Irom drowning,
id now at the Skaget mines, still hard -i
A CHILD'S TERRIBLE FATE.
rg Her Skeleton Found In the Den of an
'a Enormoni Biacksnake.
it A recent letter, dated West Union
ie Ohio, says: Ginger Ridge, a rugged,
ie sterile upland, about six miles northb
west of here, is much excited over the
)0 killing oi an enormous biacksnake
h which for several years has played
,y havoc with the farmers' flocks. Hogs,
11 poultry, calves, sheep, etc., have my?
je teriously disappeared, always at night.
Two years ago a band of gypsies were
camped in the neighborhood, and they
x were accused of stealing the missing
>r property. John Rainfoith, a farmer,
v who greatly suffered from these deprei.
dations, swore out a warrant before
or Squire Peter Anns and had several of
them arrested. They had a preliminjl
ary examination, but nothing was
y proved against them, and they were diso
charged. They went away muttering
n threats of vengtance.
?A ffnMnn hnirn/^
Q I .MX. IYH.1 II1U1 111 uau a guiuvu^uaiigu
e little daughter, four years old, whose
^ beauty and sunny temper were the
i_ pride of her parents. On the day after
the arrest of the gypsies little Nellie
Rainforth was missed. She was last
seen playing with a pet lamb on the
r edge ef a rocky ridge, a short distance
e from the house. Search waa made tor
0 her, but neither she nor the lamb was
s found. The whole neighborhood was
Q aroused and men scoured the fields and
h woods for miles a? ound". Mr. Rainforth
suspected the gypsies of abducting her,
P out of revenge for their arrest, and fol1
lowed the party across the Ohio river
5 into Lewis county, Ky. When he came |
- up with them they indignantly denied
- all knowledge of the child's whereo
abouts, and a search of their camp
? failed to discover his little daughter.
He returned to his home brokenhearted.
One day last week Mr. Rainforth was
i planting a field of aooui iwenty-nve
5 acres, situated near his house. He had
? not been at work long when he dis1
covered what at first seemed to be a
i fresh furrow across the middle of the
- field. He itopped work and followed
s the track to a fence which leparated the
J field from the dense thicket of undere
brush. On the fence he found blood
t and some sheep's wool, which at once
t convinced him that the body of a sheep
3 had been dragged across the fence. He
I went to his pasture and found that a
1 large Cotswofd ram was missing. Act
companied by four or five neighbors
2 Mr. Rainforth made search for the missi
ing sheep. The track through the brush
- was marked by drops of blood and tufts
of wool. About sixty rods from the
fence they came to a ledge of rocks,
forming one side ot a steep hill. The
i track led directly to this ledge, in which
- was found an opening of sufficient size
i to admit the body of a large man. A
> large charge of giant powder was ex
ploded in the opening, and^the rocks
- were thrown asunder by the blast.
j When the smoke cleared away the
> mers drew near and peered down
t the opening, and there, among at least
I a wagon load of bones, lay a huge black
I snake, quivering from his hurt. The
: farmers waited until the snake was
r dead, and then attached a chain to his
i body and dragged the monster out of
* 1 rnat.
> toe uoie. rie mtasuitu mircu
> seven inches in length, and the biggest ,
r part of his body was over two feet in
. circumference. He had an ugly-look|
ing head and enormous fanes, sharp as
. needles. The missing ram lay beside
i him, crushed out of suape, and covered
, with a sticky, glutinous substance.
I visited the spot and saw the monster
. snake. While I was there, men were at
> work clearing the den of the bones. In
j a corner one of them picked up a human
i skull. It was small, like a child's, and
i he brought it forward to the light. Mr.
. Rainforth was standing by my side
j when the man came toward us with the
skull in his hand. He glanced at it,
i and, staggerine against a tree, buried
i his face m his hands and burst into
f tears.
i " Poor little Nellie," he cried, through
f his sobs. "My God, it is horrible!"
r After a time he controlled his feelings
t and told me the story of his little
' daughter's mysterious disappearance
i two years ago. The bones of the little
1 one were gathered together and buried
. in the family plot in the cemetery at
2 West Union._ The discovery was kept
. from Mrs. Kaintortn, ior iue pum
i woman has never ceased to mourn for
f her lost child, and her husband feared
that this intelligence would seriously
affect her, she being in delicate health.
There can be no doubt as to the identity
i of the skeleton, for a gold chain which
i she wore around her nock was found
. among the bleaching bones.
; Craft of Russian Wolves.
Wolves, when plotting miscnief, work
. in numbers. They prey upon wild
> horses, and two are sufficient to destroy
; the most powerful horse. Their mode
, of attack is ingenious. If there is no
> snow or but little on the ground, two
> wolves approach in the most playlul
j and caressing manner, lying, rolling and
frisking about, until the too credulous
f and unsuspecting victim is completely
. put off his guard by curiosity and fa;
miliarity. During this time the gang,
. squatting, are looking at a distance.
. After some time spent in this way the
two assailants separate, when one ap,
proaches the horse's head, the other his
. tail, with a shyness and cunning
t peculiar to themselves. At this stage
of the attack their frolicsome approaches
become very interesting. The
{ former is a mere decoy; the latter
1 is the real assailant and keeps
f his eyes steadily fixed on the ham,
strings or ilanks of the horse. When
, the critical moment arrives the attack
"ta I Trrta c r\ri rt cr
r is instantaneous. uum nunu
2 at their victim at the same instants-one
1 at the throat, the other at the flank?
i and, if successful, which they generally
. are, the hind one never lets go his hold
? till the horse is completely disabled.
. Instead of springing forward or kicking
i to disengage himself, the horse turns
. round and round, without attempting a
s defense. The wolf before then springs
3 behind to assist'the,'other. The sinews
t are then cut, and in half the time I have
. been describing it the horse is on its
1 side. His struggles are fruitless. The
) victory is won. At this signal the
t lookers-on close in at a gallop; but the
. small fry of followers keep at a respect.
ful distance until their superiors are
. gorged, and then they take their turn
j numolested.
t _____
The Sultan or Turkey.
L No one dares to address the Turkish
sultan, even if he speaks to them, except
J in monosyllables, with their forelieadd
s almost touching the floor, the only exception
being the grand vizier, who
g dares not look up, but stands almost
jt bent double. He is a man of fierce temr
per, and has many whims. One of his
j manias is a dread of lire. He has had
0 acres of houses pulled down, and an
r enormous new palace nuiu lurtnur uui
, of town. All the flat candlesticks must
; be surrounded by a saucer of water. He
recently half murdered the wife of one
of his colonels for transgressing this
rule. He neither drinks, smokes nor
? takes coffee, but he eats eleven times a
day an enormous meal. There are
' always ninety-lour dishes prepared
j from which he may t:ike his choice,
i The sultan is not allowed to marry ^ but
the slaves, who are mothers of his Children,
are called sultamis, and are not permitted
to work. His children are called
princes and princesses, and have great
5" power, They can iriarry whom they
choose, no matter what obstacles stand
in the way.
r, ??
of The three children of George Coraplo
ton, aged respectively ten, twelve and
is filtuen years, wore drowned on a Sunday
lit near Sli?l!.yvi!lc, 111. Mrs.
$h. .C'ompt-nn died inm) injuries received in
Hfcgteptiugg.e to save the children.
The Most Venomous of Snakes.
A recent arrival at the Zoological society's
gardens in Regent's Park deserves
special notice, apart from the fact
that it is the first of its species known
to have been brought to England. It is
a snake, called the echis carinata, about
a foot and a half long, and of a dingy
gray. Yet, although in appearance
neither interesting nor formidable, it is
the deadliest of created things. This
detestable little worm, which, looking
at it, the spectator might make bold to
say he could imitate very passably in
cork and putty, is, nevertheless, one of
the miracles and masterpieces of nature,
for it is death itself, and carries in its
tiny head the secret of destroying life
with the sudden rapidity 01 iigmnine
and the concentrated agony of aD
poisons. The echis comes to us from
India, where it is tolerably common,
beiDg found in nearly every part of the
peninsula, and feared wherever found
as the incarnation of instant and terrible
destruction. Fortunately, however,
for man, it is not, like the cobra and the
korsit, a house-frequenting snake; for
its tiny size would give it a terrible ad- j
vantage over human beings who live
crowded together, as the natives of India
do, in small darkened rooms, while its
aggressive habits would make it in- .
finitely more fatal to life than its dreaded i
relatives. For this king of the asps,
this membro basilisk, is not only i
venomous beyond conception, but
is actively offensive. It does not s
turn to escape from man as the
cobra will, or flash into concealment,
like the korait, but, conscious perhaps J
of its deadlines!, deliberately keeps the
nof-.h ntranst its hnman assailant.and put
ting its own eighteen inches of length r
against his balk, challenges and pro- t
vokea the conflict. A stroke witn a
whip will cot it in two, or a clod of I
earth disable it; but such is its malig- t
nity that it will invite attack by every
device at its command, staking its own' c
life on the mere chance of its adversary ,
coming within the little circle of its {,
power. At most, the radius of this
circle is twelve inches, but within it, at t
any point, lies certain death, and, on tUe
bare hope of hand or foot trespassing ?
within its reach, the echis throws its
body into a figure-of-eight coil, and, at- ,
trading attention by rubbing its loops "
together, which from the rongbness of I
the scales?hence the epithet carinatar- d
makes a rustling hissing sound, erects f
its head in the center and awaits attack.
No one having once attacked this ter- F
rible worm can ever forget its truculent
aspect when thus aroused, its eagerly aggressive
air, its restless coils, winch
in constant motion one over the other, H
and rustling ominously all the while, c
Xnf. anrpiv brine it nearer and n
SbCaiUUJtJ VUW J f-. -nearer
to the object of its fury; the eye, h
malignant even beyond those of othei p
vipers, and then the inconceivable rapidity
of its stroke. For the echis does t,
not wait to strike until it is within striking
distance; but vents its malice in re- v
pcatedly darting at nothing, hoping, a
perhaps, to aggravate its antagonist into ?
eoming to closer quaiters, or, more
probably, as a mere expression of its ,
own incontrollable viciousness.? Lon- i
don Telegraph. "
? 1(
Artificial Ice. 2
* The artificial manufacture of i^e was ~
begun at Augusta, u eorgia, in June last, 2
-by a process which experience has e
proved to be both efficient and eco- t
nomical. This process is replete with r
interesting details, but may be described a
in general,terms as follows: *
In the first place, the water for marine
the ice is obtained from a well over f
forty feet deep, and is pumped up by a
large pamp into a cooler. Here ihe t
water is cooled by means of pipes run- \
ning through the cooler, greatly reduced c
in temperature, and after filtration, is a
conducted down into cans thirty inches t
long and twelve square. These cans, r
480 in number, all lit into a large tank,
through which pipes containing freezing t
? - ? *- HPKia frai.frin cr mirhlW iq
mixture ruu. jijuao uw?nMd (
composed cLiiefly oi ammonia, and is u
prepared in peculiar retorts by a special c
process. The mixture which runs c
through these pipes, and renders them j,
so intensely cola as to freeze the water (
in close proximity, does not come in r
contact with the water, and cannot do
o. The pipes are tight and durable
and the joints are strongly made, with
a peculiar patent, preventing the escape
ol gas at all. After the water in the P
cans is frozen, these cans are lilted out J.
and allowed to stand on end for ten j
minutes, when they are slowly with- ?
drawn, leaving each one a pure, solid ?
block of ice of twelve pounds.
Besides the company controlling the
above process, and which acted as a g
valuable conservator to the trade last
year, Augusta has another concern en- ?
gaged in artificial ice manufacture, ?
which is turning out the crystal blocks
at the rate of twelve tons per day ?
Therefore the people of that city are not
assailed with fears regarding an ice .
famine, and the cry of the ice man has '
no dominion over them.
At other points South, notably New
Orleans, the manufacture of "mock
ice " has received considerable attention,
and a certain brewery in the Crescent ?
" 1 *?o tiAxrol nn
cicy ii&s r^ccubijf mtiuuuv/cu ?**v ?v* ^
paratus for the manufacture of ice water, ?,
which comprehends he essential principles
of ice-making machinery. The
tank in which the water is cooled contains
3,000 feet of one-inch pipe, in
which pure ammonical gas, condensed
by compression into a liquid, is admitted.
The latent heat in the water
transforms it into a vapor, when it absorbs
the heat in the water, and is drawn
from the pipes by pumps, and is again
compressed into the condensing pipes*
From the condensing pipes it is again
admitted into the pipes in the cooking
tank, where it again becomes a vapor,
and absorbs the latent heat un'il the
water is reduced to thirty-three or thirty-four
degrees Fahrenheit. One hun- j
dred and twenty-six pounds of ammoni- (
cal gas is used in charging the apparatus, ]
and this amount will last indefinitely, j
But there is especial congratulation in ,
the ?oct that Northern cities, as well as ,
their Southern sisters, are ajitating the ]
question of artificial ice. Philadelphia
and San Francisco have already been
moving in this direction, and an ice- ,
making machine is being operated in
New York, with very successful result,
?P.r?nrinr*r.isiI Bulletin.
it 10 v/iaiiuwi?wi?K*v> v?v. ?
Skin Drafting.
Dr. J. H. Girdner, house surgeon at
Bellevue hospital/ has obtained some
remarkable and valuable results in skin
grafting during the past year. One patient
who required such treatment refused
to furnish grafts from his own
arms or body, owing to the pain involved;
and, unwilling to ask another
to subject himself to a pain which the
person to be benefited was unwilling to
submit to, Dr. Girdner tried the experiment
of taking skin graltsfrom a corpse.
The doctor says:
I cut a piece of skin from a patient
who died in the wards a few hours before,
first taking care to inquire whether
the cause of death was due to a prisonous
disease or not. I then cut the cuticle
into small pieces, which 1 laid on
tho granulated surface of the ulcers,
and bandaged the leg up very firmly.
In three days the graft began to show
signs of life, a perfect union having
; taken place, and in a week a splendid
sain, smooth and elastic, had grown
tho it Ippmf.pri na.i t. making a com
plete cure and leaving no scar behind.
; Since that time I have treated upward
. ot tifty case3 with invariable success. 1
I have grafted the skin of an Irishman on
a negro, and I have grafted the skin of
a negro on an Irishman with ease. In
. both cases the skin lost its original color
and changed its hue to suit the wearer.
The 450Ui anniversary of the founding
of Baltimore will be celebrated in that
city next < Jctober.
Help. **
The world ia lull of labor, * . 3
It toila in weariness; ,
You cannot bear its harden,
Bat you can make it less.
A little ohQd ia trying
To lift a heavy load;
Go help the helpless toiler
Along the weary road.
A >ww nH rrimilltn wnmnn
Is tottering on alone;
Her trembling strength ha* tailed her* - "3
Go offer her yoor own.
^
Though little be the action,
Its heart the Lord shall see,
And Hii shall be the witness?
"Ye did it onto Me." * '"r ">' ?
?Charlet F. Richurdton. ' -ifl
ITEMS OF IMEHEST. . A
pair of slippers?Two eels. ."*
A Greene county (Ga.) child has{wW
angues.
Recipe for making your own
water?Stick your finger in it.
There is enough untilled cotton land ' * :~
n Texas to supply the world.
Before 1870. there were in Paris thirty*
line clubs. Now there are seventy.
English sparrows have driven the
quirrels from Court square in Memphis. ,
Vanderbilt will have over 8600,004
forth of pictures in his new Fifth ave- ' "'^S
me house.
Twentv tier cent, of the cattle that - . 'x?l
nn on tfie^ Western plains die daring
he winter. *
The total loss of life among sailors in
Jritish ships from " accidents" In 1875
o 1878 Inclusive, is 10,638.
While thousands of men, women and , .
hildren bathe in the Great Salt Lake
early, accidents from drowning at*
inknown.
Which is the most home abidinffslefc?. 1 '..A&
er in the alphabet? W, becau^elt^a o
ever out of town and always totfje \ '
rontinwork.
Much machine-belting is now made '
a California from the entrails of sheep.. ^
tissaid to be far stronger and more
urable than that made of hemp.
'all many a s;em of spurious ray serene, *" .
The spotlesa spirta of hotel clerks do bfarf
ull many a simple ignorant lardine
Believes them purest stones ot value rare! . *. .
And that's where they're tooled. _
In England there are at present about / ?51
80 generals holding honorary colonel-4"- - ies
of regiments, costing the country
earlyf1,100,000 a year and doing not one r
our's work from year to year for theif .
The little girl who was disappointed
ecause her name could not be found ' 3$
i the Bible says: "Never mind! 1^ jwBB
rill be such a good girl that if ever
nother Bible is written my name shall . o
into it."
The visible suddIv of petroleum to the ?T
irgest known in "the"history of the -ZZsm
00,000 barrels, and, with a produotiofl
rade. being estimated at 9,000,000 to 10.- ' ireely
in pxcees of the cbnsumption, it ' . v.^5
3 steadily increasing. VfrftTjattiiwud
than there -are iboni
,000,000 beehives in the United States,
ach yielding on an average about/
wenty-two pounds of honey and ?
evenue of about $8,000,000, and. In* ' -oft
.ddition. the industrious bees supply lis '
rith 24,000,000 pounds of wax. x
On the Susquehanna, near Lancaster
'a., a woman was seen rowing, accomanied
by two little children. When in
he middle of the river the boat upset.* J :M
Vhile swimmingshe held the littleonea *v
lingingto her back. It was a desper- *" ,tesitua?ion,and
just as she was about - ^
ouching the shore, one ot the babies
oiled away and was drowned. ?
One of the most curious facts about
he census in Columbus, Ohio, is a col*ed
enumerator who, being run over
ty the cars several years ago, came out ~
f the doctor's care with both arms am- '/ *** ->j
iufated at the shoulder. He learnedto ' * 4]
rate legibly by holding his pencil be-- . ^.-.sg
ween his teeth, and as an enumerator
ecorded on an average 200 names a day . .
Manias. * - - "3
There are many strange physiological . . /
henomena; such, for instance, as what
5 known ad imitative and curiositr
aanias, the one being an uncontrollable " 1*7
esire to do what we see otherj do, and
he other an irresistible wish to sec , ^
7hat others see. History records mkiij 1? >
nstances ot these manias.
One of the most remarkable of the , .
rst occurred in Aix-la-Chapelle and r.*"r'
ther citie3 in 1374, when an assemblage '; * - v
f persons appeared who had " danced " ,
heir way through Germany." It was
stimated, at one time, that there were .
0,000 persons thus engaged.
Its commencement was supposed to
ave been that a single individual,.
fflicted with some nervous disease,
ommenced dancing: others seeing him,
a obedience to the desire, the mania, to
ct as others act, joined in the dance, ' '
rhich. in a short time,engaged the above
xtraordinary number of persons. In .
he same category may be placed the
' biting nuns" who appeared in the con- t
ents of Germany, Holland and Rome .
n another century. This extended* '
mitative mania arose simply from the
- ? ?4-a kJfn nnm.
CL OI OflC DUU nucui^uu^ bv uibvw
>anion, and almost immediately the
vhole sisterhood commenced biting
;ach other. So in regard to the " m jwng
nuns."
A nun in a convent imitated the
newing of a cat. Other sisters comnencea
mewing, until, finally, the
vhole sisterhood mewed in concert for
lours at a time. Something similar to
his, about six'.y years ago, took place
n our own country.
At a camp-meeting held at Caneridgo,
Kentucky, a man thought he could best
lerve the Lord by climbing a tree ind
marking like a squirrel. In a short time
.he imitative mania seized upon others,
md the trees upon the camp-ground
were soon covered with men barking in
like manner. t
The curiosity mania lead? to scenes,
if not so ridiculous, quite as strange. A .
dissipated gambler by the name of
John Law, killed a man in a duel in
London, and escaped to Paris. The
finances ot France were in a deranged
condition. In a short time he became
famous as the great financier who had
extracted that country from her difficulties.
Such was the curiosity to see
him that his carriage was surrounded
by thousands, so ti at a troop of horae
h?ii to p.lpnr the streets before he could
proceed. .
Whenever men or women become
noted, no mttter for what, there exists
n the public mind a curiosity to fee
hem, and if thtre be an opportunity
fft-red, it becomes a mania. ?Cincinnati
Commercial. '
A I'nre for a Cut Lip.
Ants fight with the utmost fury. So
deadly is their grip that frequently the
whole abdomen of the enemy is torn
away; and yet, though litiIt; more than
an infuriatw head "and legs, she still
keeps up the light. Sir John Lubbook
states that be lias frequently found an *
enemy's head hanging on to the legs of a
the tenacity of
J1 Villi; nut, nnu, yuw.n?
the grip, is obliged to carry about with
her on the most festive occasions this
ghastly and inconvenient memento of
her victory. M. Mocqueys even assures
us tha'. the Indians ot Brazil make use
of this tenaci'y in the case of the
wouDds, causing the ant to bite the lipa
of the cut. and thus bring them together,
after which they cut off the ant's head,
which thus holds the lips of the wound
together. He asserts that he has often
seen natives with wounds in course of
hca ing with the assistance of seven or
eight ants' heads.?Contemporary Re