Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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rnmmmtmmtm i mi: t I j-jJ-ji"* , The Press and Banner. * Bj Hngh Wilson and H. T. "Wardlaw. Wednesday, June 2,1880. !? i i "The Failure of the Southern Pulpit." , In another column of the Press and |lianner we giro the ft*M tcxl of the Itcv. < < I'rof. David Swing's artli^e in the April |l number?f tlio Scrth American L'rvirir,\ i under the above heading. Immediately >' following that artiele witt he found a re- ]' ply to the same, which is copied from the ' ( Courier of date April 22. : Without knowing the animus which ' prompted the writing of the article byjj Mr. Swing, it is evident that his charges ?re too sweeping. There must he excep- s tSons to the rw!e laid down by him, and We must belicc that we have some a> in- i IVlvtgVWU, iKl fl-.n v, illlll ? C rs of thcgwpel ;is are to bo f'ouiul any- i where. Mr. Swing says: I "It must lie confessed l>v all fair-tnindrd pers-onsthat the pulpit of the old slave States surpasses its compatiioti pulpits in the North and in Europe in its neglect of the surrounding multitudes, and perhaps; in its ignorance of their wants." ! This is astatenient of fact which we are unable to answer. We know nothing of the "pulpits in the North and in Europe,*'! "except from the few sermons whic^i wcj see printed in the newspapers, aim our i knowledge of the Southern pulpit is eon-!, lined to a very small territory. ?<ut in j the circle of our limited acquaintance wej; know that there are exceptions to Mr. Jj Swing's assertion that they "fail to grasp i. the meaning of the Christian religion,"!] t'ven by the rule laid down by himself. j( Mr. Swing does nut give the data upon;. "which he founds his serious charges, and ! i J it is difticult for us to see how any man 11 can pronounce upon the whole pulpit j from Virginia to New Orleans, and in the ; presence of such men, as Dr. llogc and ; t 3 ?r. Palmer, exclaim that there is "no it greatness of pulpit here." j j We believe, however, that there may j be instances where Individual members J l of the pulpit may fall justly under the1} censure of Mr. Swing's article, and, with-;: out knowing the fact, we believe that;( there arc instances where the game con- ; sure might be applied with equal force to j the Northern pulpit. Mr. Swing's actual, j knowledge of the Southern pulpit must |< be about as limited as ours is of the j< Northern pulpit. How could lie know j - the facts whereof he speaks? lie never , heard one minister in a thousand preach, , and he certainly has seen very few scr- ( mons of Southern preachers in print. : Although wo have in the South thousands of preachers, they carefully exclude! their sermons from the newspapers and j such editors as desire to print sermons j, are dependant on the Northern pulpit for j them. This being true, we caunot undor-1, whv Atr. Swimr will assume to!, speak so positively about a inattor of. which lie is necessarily so ignorant. It { lias become no unusual tiling, however, j, for ministers to speak reproachfully of! the pulpit in general terms, and it may be that Mr. Swing's greater sin consisted I, iu using the word "Southern." If he j had simply discussed "the failure of the j pulpit," he would in all probability have i, escaped censure. In the Baptist Courier j for May 20, we lind the Rev. A. C. Stepp, i a leading light iu his cnurch, making use j. of the following language, which we be-j, lieve a thousand times more damaging I than anything Mr. Swing has said. Mr. j Stepp says: * I "Crime is everywhere on the increase,; and all from the* fact that Uod's word is not having that hold upon the hearts of professed believers that it once had. The1' pulpit is being filled with skeptieisniuind i infidelity. It will be a sad thing if we j have a a nation of Infidels, made sucJt, by, the pulpit! Let us not become vain glu- j rSous of learning, and in our zeal for; knowledge, destroy the goodly heritage of our fathers." j Again, in the Baptist Courier, a writer! speaking of "Honesty in the Pulpit," has i this to say: "Honesty in thought is even more iin- j portant than honesty in trade. Above all [ other places ought the pulpit to be the] home of moral purity and intellectual! candor, l'ious fraudsare the blackest of: all frauds. A religious lie is verily thel1 lie of lies. Jesuitism is not found alone > in the Church of Rome; it is in Protest- , autism : and it is in hutnan nature. We.' have political Jesuitism, commercial Jes- i' uitism, religious Jesuitism. Every time! < a preacher uses what he knows to be a! false argumont, in support of what he be- j lieves to be true, he is guilty of Jesuit-j1 jsui. The truth of God needs no false j' props, and he who uses them shows a' i want of'faith in God and in His truth.}, Such conduct comes of unbelief. When } one preaches what he does not believe;!: whenever there is concealment and ova- i sion ; whenever wo are afraid to have our opinions thoroughly examined lest they . bo wrong, then wearo guilty of intellectual dishonesty." j 1 These extracts appeared without edito rial protest, 111 separate issues of the nap tist Courier ninee the publication of Mr.;1 Swing's article. The positive assertion as; to "infidelity" in 0110 instance and the] implied "dishonesty" in the second place, j are astounding when we consider the' source from whence they emanate, and < the medium through which they are: read. Either of the extracts above ap- ] 1 pear to lie much graver charges than any-, thing Mr. Swing has said. As wo under-j stand it, Mr. Swing's most serious charges are "ignorance," and a "failure to grasp J the meaning of the Christian religion."! Which is worse, "ignorance" or "infi-| delity ?" We think Mr. Swing's letter should bo | read by every minister and layman in j the South, and tru9t that each preacher, will prayerfully consider the charges \ therein made. If any are guilty, they j should strive to be benefitted by the pub-; lication. If the charges are untrue,as, wo know they are, as far as many are! concerned, they will fall harmlessly to j the ground. The article of Mr. Swing appeared in ; one of the first magazines of the country. The most offensive portions of that arti-1 cle have been copied into many nanern., and numbers of writers have referred to; it. As Iho North American Review has ;i world-wide circulation it is only just that; our people should see what is being said j about them abroad. The reply of the | llaptist Courier is given In full. In this c?nnoction we might be excused for say-j ing that more of our Baptist brethren should subscribe for their church paper, j It is always filled with the most interest-! ing matter, and well worth the subscrip- < tion price. f Off to Columbia. Colonol Jume? S. Cothran, General 15. R. Hemphill, and Mr. W. P. Wideman ! left Abbeville on Monday to attend the State Convention which met yesterday. "We presume that Professor Wni. Hood, Captain W. Z. McGheeand .Senator Max- I well joined them on the way to the C'api-: tol. A good-set of delegate*, and we have 110 doubt that Abbeville will be satisfied | with anything these gentlemen may do I for us iu tho way of making a Governor. J For our own part, wo have come to the conclusion that there is no necessity for i postponing the nomination. liagood has; fairly won tho race, and we sec no good . reason for withholding tho declaration. Ropublican National Convention. 1 The news from Chicago will be found i quite interesting. The city is full of vis-i itorsfrom all flections of the country, and . the liveliest interest is being manifested as to the result of the deliberations of j that body. A majority of the delegates I have beon on the ground for two or three days. The friends and opponents of each | of the candidates are straining every j nerve to effect desired ends. Whatever j maybe re-sult of the Convention which j meets to-day, we think the country ex- j peet-s to 9ee Grant nominated on the lie- j publican ticket for President. I'lie Elections?"Primary" and "Gen-1 cral." Variousof our exchanges, and numbers! >f newspaper correspondents liavo dis-! usscd and speculated on rules for govern-1 ti? the "primary" elections. There *ecius to us to boa very easy way of set-; ling the matter. We have two elections -a "primary" election and "general"! lection. The lirst elections have been lield ostensibly for the purpose of choosing candidates to be put in the race at the j "general"* election?but in reality they were held in the interests of particular candidates. The laws of the State prescribe certain rules for governing tin.' j "general election," and direct how uiana-j irers shall be appointed, where and when boxes .shall be opened, when the boxes shall be closed, by whom and when the] votes shall Li- counted, A c Ac. As tlie I tir.st election is of as much importance is the .second, we see no reason lor a {liferent sot of rules for each. Lei the managers of election in the first instance j >l?en boxes for receiving votes at the I miners xvhcrv clcciienti are. usually livid ?t j i "general" election. Tlic managers should be .sworn to discharge their duty J raitfifully and no man should be entrusted with the important position of manager>f any election who is unwilling to take, ind subscribe to theordinary oathJreqiH'r-1 id of managers of "general" ^elections, j by the laws of the State. The clubs i should not hold elections at their usual j places of meeting unless these placcs arc j ilso the places designated by law for hold - j ing the "general" elections. No election ?hould be held under thcauspices of a | ocal cluK Xo presiding ollieer of any I lub should hold an election in the club ! md presume to manage it himself or by; itcinbcrsappointed bv the club in the in- j crest of any candidate. All I he Managers should be appointed by thecomty club, | md they should bo required to subscribe! .0 an oath to conduct the election i in par-1 iallv, without using their inlluencc for or j igainst any candidate. The way the elections have heretofore been managed is a shame to our intelligence. While itis claimed that the "prijiaries" are elections to ascertain the ;hoico of tho people, they have been mything else. In the lirst place, many of the best mot', n the County were not allowed to be can*iidirtes at those elections?a lovely slate jf affairs in a free country, to bo sure, j In the second place, those American freemen who were more fortunate than their neighbors in that they were granted the especial privilege of seeking and receiving the votes of the people at the "primary" elections, were often tempted to form combinations among themselves for the purpose of "swapping" votes. Un.lnrtMa uv<fr>m?aftor comnetitors were ruled oil' the track?single candidates from a few of the strong clubs could, if they cliose, "cut and dry" matters to their own liking. Under the manner of conducting the elections heretofore, the "primaries" did nothing more than furnish to the demagogue the best system ot' "log rolling" ever invented, and gave the greatest inducement to corruption over oflercd? "you tickle me, and I'll tickle you." The ordinary voter should resent with indignation the proposition to trade oil'his vote, and should repudiate with scorn any rule which would curtail his inalientxblo right, and prevent him from voting for the man of his choice. At the two previous elections?so called ?for choosing candidates, it will be remembered that some of the best men in the County were not allowed to be candidates at all, and it is also a notorious fact that some clubs even went so far as to announce and recommend to the balance of the County, which of its two or three candidates the people should vote for. Can arrogance or presumption go farther? Will the honest and patriotic voters of Abbeville County submit to further humiliation ? The Die is Cast. T'.y reference to our news < olurnn it will bo seen that the State Democratic Convention by a vote of S<i to 07 adopted i resolution to go Into nominations for State oljicers to-day. Our correspondent \lso gives us the complexion of the ticket, with General Hagood at it# head. The nominations if made as indicated will not take the country by surprise. Tho recent few days had so far developed Wenoral Hagood's strength that it was plainly perceptible that lie had won the race, and that there was no good to be realized by deferring tho declaration. The action of the Convention in making :he nominations to-day will recoive the liearty welcome of the people. The County nominations may be made latere August would bo early enough for Abbeville County. Taking the Coiimis. In another column we give a long article in reference to the duties of the enumerators and the enumerated. It is the duty of the good citizen to render every aid possible in this important statistical work. We know that ail our citizens will checrfullv givo full and correct information oil all points. Blood. In another column of the Press and Banner the sad intelligence is given that Mr. Thomas W. lilcase formerly of Newbcrry was '.hot and killed l*y liis son-inlaw last Sunday. Levi Folk of Newberry shot his own brains out last Monday. One negro killed another in Edgclicld county. The Sin of Extravagance. Ppurgeon's plain talk on "Economy and Debt"'might to he Pasted inside Mn> hat. of every xpring householder: "Living beyond their incomes is the rnin of many .if my neighbors; they can hardly afford to keep "a rabbit and must needs drive a ponoy and nhai?e. I am afraid extravagance is the common disease of the times, and many professing Christians have caught it, to their shame and sorrow. Good |cotton or stufl'gowns are not good enough nowadays; girls must have silks and satins and then there's a bill at the dressmaker's as long as a winter's night and quite as dismal. Show and stylo and.smartness run nyay with a man's means, keep the family poor and the lather's nose on the frimlstimo l'ni?s Irv tn Inul; us In" :>v li-ills tuul burst themselves. He is both u fool and a knave* who bus a shilling coming in and on tho strength of It spends a pound which does not belong to him. rut your coat according to your cloth is sound advice; but cutting other people's cloth by running into debt is as like thieving as fourpencc is like a groat. Debtors can hardly help being liars, lor' they promise to pay when they know they cannot, and when they have made up a lot of false excuses they promise again, and so they He as fastasn. horse can trot. Now, if owing loads to lying, who shall say that it is not a most evil tiling? Of course there are exceptions, and I do not want to bvar hard upon an'honcst man Who Is brought down by sickness or heavy losses; tint take tin- rule as a rule, and you will linddcht to la-a great dismal swamp, a huge mud hole, a dlfly ditch ; happy is the man whogctsoutof It alter once tumbling in but happiest of all is lie who has been by God's goodness kept out of the mire altogether. If you once ask the devil;to dinner It will be hlrd 10 get him out of the house again. Btflter to have nothing to dr? with him. Where n hen has laid one eggshe Js very likely to lay another; when a man is once it) debt lie Is likely to get into it again; better keep clear of it from the first. lie who gets in for fa penny will soon be in for a pound, and when a man is over shoes lie fs very liable to he over boots. Never owe a ftirthI ng, and you Will never owe a guinea." 9 ? It Muling aloud has Its physical advantages while contributing to the cultivation <>l%the voice.*and tlie lungs are thus expanded and their healthy action Is promoted in a degree which does not occur in mere conversational utterances. The use of the voice in singing demonstrates the full capacity of the lungs, yet in lio more practical sense than can he reached by elocutionary exercises. A distinguished medical man says of this exercise: "Reading aloud, when properly done, has a great agency in inducing vocal power, on tho name principle that muscles arc trained by exercise, those of the voice-making organs helm: no exception to the general rule.' Hence, la runnv chsgs, absolute snence diminishes the vocal power, just as the protracted disuse of the arm of the Hindoo devotee at length paralyzes it forever. Thegeneral plan In appropriate cases is to rend aloud in a conversational tone thriven day for a minute or two at a time, increassiiig a minute every day, which tfs to ne c-ontiniied until the desired object is aci'O'nplished. Managed thus, there is safety and ellieieuey as a uniform result. wail nc?cr*Twr?_wrr-nw ?? mm\I Our State Convention. DELEGATES TO CINCINNATI.. Abbeville's Honor? THE CONVENTION GOES INTO STATE NOMINATIONS. Hapod Will lie toruor. Complexion of the Whole Ticket. Gary's Patriotism. Edgefield's Fidelity to the Party. HARMONY AND GOOD FEELING PREVAILS. Coi.UMr.iA, June 1st, 1SS0. !>J p. m. The State Democratic Convention assembled in this city to-day at twelve o'clock. Colonel James II. Rion, of Fairfield, was made temporary Chairman. Colonel James S. Cothran, of Abbeville was elected permanent Chairman. Upon inking the Chair Colonel Cothran made a most forcible and elegant speech. Such A speech as only Colonel Cothran can make; appropriate, pointed and to the purpose?not a word too much or too few. llis praises were sounded by every member of the Convention. When he had ! concluded his speech, the Convention f proceeded with business. Delegates to the National Convention. Senator Wade Hampton, of Richland ; j Senator M. C. Butler, of l-Mgelield { Major Theodore G. Barker, of Charleston; j General John S. Bratton, of Fairfield, | were chosen as delegates at large to repr'e! sent, the State in the National Convention |at Cincinnati?Hampton.and Butler reI cciving every vote of the Convention. The following are the delegates from the FIRST CON O RKSS ION A I. DISTRICT: a. T U Knrln . O. v/l iU?iiwv/ivj ? of Sumter. from the second district i Captain F. W. Dawson, of Charleston, 'Samuel Dil>blc. of Orangeburg. FROM Tin: THIRD DISTRICT: i Colonel John R. Almey, of Edgefield, i and Major H. F. Whiwer, of Anderson. Alternator?Major W inward, of LcxingI ton, and Colonel James S. Cothran of Abbeville. vkom the focrth district: ! Colonel W. C1. Cleveland, .of CJreen' ville, and J. II. Conner, fiiom t)ik fifth district : j Colonel Robert Aldrich, of Barnwell, I Colonel T. J. Davies of Aiken. ; Debating on the Resolution to .flake j Nominations. | The subject of nominations for Sta | officers was brought before tho ConvenI tion. Upon motion, IhePresident appointed a committee of one from cach county, i with l)r. J. C. Maxwell, {of Abbeville, j jus Chairman, and liave been in session for several hours, debating a resolution as to I tlm rxnr-dipnov of niakintr State nomi nations now. The committee failed to agree upon a resolution. In the Convention delegates from eighteen Counties favor making nominations by the present Convention ? delegates from twelve Counties aro opposed to ! making nominations now, ? delegates from three Counties not voting either <vay. I The Convention is now discussing the question of making nominations with ja probability of adopting a resolution to make nominations at once. | The attendance is unusallv full?but two delegates being absent?Prof. Hood I of Abbeville, and a delegate from 1'ick\ ens. The Latest. Coixmbia, June 2.?1 a. m.?After J discussion, which was participated in by fiedor.il W. W. Harllee, of Marion; Jas. 1 " < < ? > . T, IV N. I'aiJison, 01 Jvigeueui ; i.oionei j>. ?v. I Ball, of Laurens; James E. Aldrich ol I Aiken; Capt. J. X. Lipscomb, of Xew} berry; General M. W. Gary, of Edgefield: General II. H. Hemphill, of Abbeville, the Convention came to a vote on ! tho resolution, to make nominations on j Wednesday at two o'clock. Tho resoluj tion was carried by a vote of 8<J to (71. ! In tho Convention General Gary dej livcred an able, conservative and Demo) eratic speech reviewing his public career, and referring to his Straightout*I?einocracy and declaring his continued allegiance j to that party. | The Convention has just adjourned until early Wednesday morning, when State nominations will be made. There was very littlo feeling manifested by thejm^mbcrs, over the result of thevoto, but there were a fewjwho were unwilling to make it unanimous. J Ion. John C. Shcppard, made a forcible and able speech, pledging Edgefield to abide by the result ol' the nominations j for State officers. | General Johnson llagood will receive i the nomination for Governor ; j General John D. Kennedy, of Kershaw for Lieutenant-Governor j ! Hon. J. C. Coit, for Comptrollcr-Gen! cral; I t. .... i 1.? .n?n:,,At1,n i 11 It* IHUIUlllii jl* lu ?iiu ?iii u;vcivviiiv nomination for Secretary of Stale. The contest will bo between C'aptj J. X. Lipsicoiub, ol Newborry; Hammond of Aiken, ami the preset incumbent, It. M. Simius, of York. | General A. ^1. Manigault of fJcorge' town will (to nominated for Adjutant and ; Inspector-' 'eneral. j Major Hugh S. Thompson, the present 1 incumbent, will be nominated for the olticcof .Superintendent of Education. I 'J'hero seems to be no settled opinion as to who will receive the nomination for Treasurer, but the imgression prevails that Laval 1 will be the fortunate candidate. J. C. M. The Cnndidnte. ' Kathrr, \vhi? truvcls tlie road no lato?" "I I null, in v fliilil. 'lis tho { iintlidaLc: J-'i J example of human woes? ' Karly lie conies anil late he goes; He greets the women with courtly grace; He kissi/s the baby's dirty liiee ; ; He calls to the fence (lie larmer at work; lie bores the merchant; lie bores the clerk } ' The blacksmith, while his nnvll rings. He greets, ami this is the song he sings:? " 'Ilowdy, howdy, howdy do? j How is your wile, and how are you ? Ah! It (its my fist ?i* no other can? The horny liund of the worklngman !' I "Husband, who is that man nt the gate ?" ! "Hush, my love, 'tis the candidate." k j "Hiisbami, why can't he work like you, j Has he nothing at home to do?" ' "My dear, whenever a man Is down, ! No cash at home, no money in town, 1 Too stupid to preach, loo proud to beg, I Too timid (o rob, and too lazy to dig. Then over his horse bis legs he ltings ' And to thedcar people this song lie sings: " 'Howily, howdy, howdy do? How is your wife, itnd how are you ? Ah! it fits my list as no other can. The horny hand of the workingman Brothers, who labor curly and late, i Ask these things of the candidate : i i,. 1.1.. ..^..^,.,1 o )** win ml ] >v iiai i> inn iiwiu . ... ; At home ; no matter about his hand, ! He it hard or soft, ho It be not prone To close over money not his own; Has he in view no thieving plan ? i Is he honest ami capable ??he's our man ! <'heer such an one till the wclkiu rlims, i Join In the chorus when thus he sinus:? "Howdy, howdy, howdv do ? liow is your wife, and how are you! Ah! it tlt? my list as no other can. The horny hand o! the workinguiau !" Tie Failnre of the Sontliern Pnljit.! itfl ov IT FALLS SHOUT OF GRASPING fo1 THK MEANING OF THE GOSPEL X IT PRESUMES TO PREACH. JJ | <b I "Orthodox" Clergymen, with Only $ Half a Score of ideas, Make Their i" I hi Audiences Yawn and Sleep - Vain ??r Repetitions and Too Much Arjrmneu- j,!i tation Gradually Rriug Infidelity. f'1 , . a i ! PC Letter From the llcv. 1'iof. Siviiip, ]" Which is Followed by a Keply toip< the Same, by the Itaplist Courier. L,', Many of ourexcl'angeshave reproduced tlie* I ' ci most offensive extracts from Mr. swing's let-1 Iu ter. We give below the full text of that artl- wi Tl j ele. which is answered hy the llrtptixt <\mricr, i( one of the leading religious newspapers ofji'o that inllucntlal denomination in t lie South. | c? The reader can form his own conclusions af-j ter seeing both articles. We have already ex-' n< pressed a dissenting opinion from Mr. Swing) hn in the editorial columns of the Pre.is anil] |n' Manner. j th From courses of reasoning, founded upon |wl ahstract theory, Lord Macon helped trrently to I uc turn mankind toward a reasoning founded j er upon fact. He trained a logical appeal to ail 'J" philosophers, begging them to abandon the>1,1 inquiry Dow maiiv aujieis nu^oi ui;?c u|>ii |m-, milfoil on the point of a noodle, and espouse J'-1 the question how many men, women anil I *1{l children should live in a room ten feet square, to or how ninny bushels of wheat, may reasona-1 ^ lily be expected from an acre of ground, and i l'' I liy what instrument. may the grain lie liar- j 0,1 i vested, and by what bag or wagon or ear may > it be best, transported to a market. It seem- i r'' ed to him amazing that man had not gathereti up all the facts about the winds, tin* rains,' it and the soils, to deduce from those habits or qualities lessons of immediate usefulness. ! Virtually, Macon was the discoverer of earth i | in contradistinction from those who had dis- itj 'eovf.reil only the world of the spiritual, and ' u'j I fa:i cilul, and the enigmatical. I'lillosonhy - ..< i Mi IMS gone Ncyotui IIIU iiiu?l kuibuiui; iiujiv ui I . tliiK one npostle, and, | 'r( IN MSJPSSINO THE FANCIFUTj AM) XX < CMNGING TO TJIK A(TtrAT?, j \V the pupil at Inst out does the instructor. The; 'te' children of this greateart lily housearc study-' In indwell their temporary home, trying to re- jt" I pair it, and even to decorate it; but their task J"1 Is arduous, for great was the damage done the j e; mansion in all the middle centuries. j J11 i It. is one of the pleasures of the passing > J181 j times to note what strange results arc coming |ljl. I from this almost universal stmly of the earth j tlj j by those who once studied only an abstract j theology or a metaphysical form of science; }[ : but this delight is yet much modified by the! J" I unavoidable reflection that many individual J,K I miuus and mary districts of country, called j d< civilized regions, are still "up in tlieair" in]"1 ail their forms of theory and practice. It is i1,1 particularly true of that professional pursuit j willed the i>ulplt, that it betrays the utmost > ?> reluctance to a fathful building up of this J"1 world in all its temporal interests, and In many ways expresses the idea that the best! J" religion Is that which simply Jumps over!1" earth ntid lands upon Jordan's better side. :J[ In harmony with this humble estimate of i J" this little planet, a clergyman recently, after , ,,f] performing a marriage ceremony for a youth-i ?* fill couple at the altar, submitted to their Pl thought a brief address to the effect that mar' riage is only a handmaid of salvation, that Jn | the chief dtity of husband end wife is to help ,l hold each other from falling into the sin of J? l unbelief; an address not particularly bad, but {" ] indicating how wont the pulpit at large is to ,u try to sail through the sea of this life, t hat sea J" of a thousand glorious Islands, without, male-1 j 1 Ing a landing in a single alluring harbor. ll| Many, perceiving this defeat of the Christian i. clergy, will thank John Kuskln for his rcccnt j Js little letters to a group of Churchmen, In j which he urges them to condense their Chris- [ tlanity into those doctrines outlined in the J1' Lord's Prayer. I"' While II is evident that, no geographical division of the Christian t 'hurch may boast, of a ! pulpit which studies sufficiently thcteinporal i welfare of society, or which sutileientlyernscs j y the ditlercnee between man in time and man rc In the assumed eternity, yet It. must lie con- j fesscl by all fair-minded persons that thepul-1 pit of the old slave states surpasses Its coin-1 J." pan ion phlpits In the North and in Europe in 'ri its neglect of the surrounding multitudes, jn and perhaps in Its ignorance of their wants. I j? Our national (ioveriunent, yielding to the',,f1 m.n*.l f.\?> in hill rmr-l 'V I'UUIIC UIMC IWI irnio U.IM iw. , tic.ularly regarding the habits and riches of |'{' tlio material America; has recently published |_' maps of 1 lie coal formations ami of tlio lime-1 J1' stone and ore deposits; ami, gathering eonr-j J? age as it advitnced, it has even issued maps of i fever and ague, an I of education, .and iano-j"1 ranee. Having, tor example, adopted yellow j as the color of 'malarial disease, thai colon''1 deepens where the disease increases, and fades |,JI in the high and dry countries, so that a person not fond of sickness can tell by a glance f ut his map where he and bis little <im:s would j", best pitch tent for a season or for life. Tims j-v Information which once came by legend, or by a lee paid a physician, or, what- is most n probable, by experience, comes now by a simple glance at an open map of human malady. No one. can look for a moment Upon these | governmental leaves without wishing that 1,1 our statisticians might be able to lay before i*u I us charts of the Christian Pulpit,'revealing to 'fl our wondering eyes places and times where; ?f . that moral and mental force litis waxed and I | waned in ages past, and places where now ;''' that same inlluence were rising or falling. were living or dead. If the red color, the; common emblem of loveand charity, wereas-. w sumed to stand for this gospel power, and a I p map of the pulpit were elaborated in the dif1'liferent tints of that general hue, it Is evident j V' the deepest red would be found in the region S!l of the cities of New York and Jtrooklyn ; for! it seems equally evident that, while a genera- j tionagothe deepest color would have been!1" \v.? I 111 KJl IIHI llllilivr UUUII UllUiU . preached and prayed, the averageof pulpit! greatness bus slowly moved away toward the, u' Hudson. Hut, leaving in debate the exact locallty of the deepest red, It will he perceived ' that, as this color-wave passes into the valley * of the Susquehanna, it perceptibly fades, and i el passing onward into Virginia it grows paler |s[ still, and at last becomes in the<Jnlf States, *' too delicate a tint for the unaided eye to dc-! J.1' teet; and the one (racing the Interesting'J" stream must raise his eyes at Mobile and Now Orleans, with the words, "No greatness of, pulpit hero." i The tact is not pleasurable, but sad. In all;'" the many forms of happiness and human wel->l<, tare, the pulpit of the past lias acted a large I w part as discoverer and advocate and defender, j n| Led by the mysterious sentiment of religion, the whole human family has, in lis throe 01 forms of youth and middle life and old ago, i J" gone up to the temple of the Almighty not |r only to seek forgiveness of sins, but to seek],! guidance in the paths of varied duty. In the I absence of a visible or audible (iod, J! is place! has been supplied by chosen men called rail-i bis, or Jnagi, or priests, or preachers?one in |'' ' essence, peculiar only in some minor ijuall-! ties of dress or face. These have always jH I spoken to the people in tin- name of Heaven,. 11 J and are the only teachers on earth who have! ever had for thuir audience all the human ' j, I family, and who have had j (l THK KAR ANJ> THE HEART | C( (if all the formative years of youth; and, | 1 | what is still more momentous, havespokeii to' j the mind and heart as attected by conscience, 'I I and bv all the hones and fears of an Impress-1 C1 | ive world to conic*. Tire statesmen have not 11', enjoyed the advantage of having an audience j furnished tlieni every Sunday?nn audience j!' chilled together l>y conscience and by a power-1 . ful mystery. Xo philosophers or orators fir j vrl common casuists have been perm I tied to ad-i * '' dress constantly all the young minds of any | generation, and to add to their words the I 0 sanction of the Deity and those motives call- j <id heaven and hell. It has been the privilege of the clergy alone to find a perpetual au- j P dicnce, which dissolves only to reassemble, x' and which comes in t hat form of youlh which I,n accepts of molding words, and in that form of!. mature age which craves guidance and con-!; solution. The .spectacle of the Christian mul-1'[ ' titudes assembling once each week to listen ! to men speaking in the name of the infinite: love and the infinite wisdom, is one that has iJ no parallel in our world, full as It. is of inultl- j *: form influences. H, therefore, any one mind-1 ful of this van I age-ground held by the clergy-1 , man shall look through the Southern States; J" of the nation, and shall see there a ruined or w| a failing pulpit, his reflections will not be I, pleasurable, but will be as palhctic as though ; }' the winds were repealing to his heart the i words, ''How arc the mighty fallen!" I j. This failure or lamentable shortcoming lias |1 rehulted from a combination of causes. lull,, the diagnosis of a case of sickness, physicians ] are often compelled to declare that several [; diseases have met in their patient, and that ,j they know not what form of enemy to attack i nor by what path the dissolution will come, i All must at first smile at that attending doctor, but. must sympathize at last willi him {. who reported us cause of the demise of a citi- }: zen, that, "he ncccv wax welt." Amid acompll- !: eat ion and surplus of causes, an exact diagno-l sis was gracefully declined by the wise man. i " It is Ihe first impulse ol all who think of the Southern pulpit to abandon the thought Willi tile generalization that, "it. never was well;" but that laud is so inviting, the people so warm-hiarted. tlie climale so mild, liiewo- } men so beautiful, the present and future so . full of peril, and reform .so perfectly possible, s ti.ntontv . vimiiHil tiwloleneo or indifiercncc! '* can dismiss with a contemptuous word 1 ho i average clergyman of that part of our domain. lo All will at,once affirm thnt the Institution ? of slavery laid down this organized eloquence ^v and indeed a large part of the explanation rc must be round in the fact that two hundred s'j( years ago our ancestors mixed (j. ! A SLOW POISON IN THE SOUTHERN CUP.- Ill I I'nwiUlntily, the fathers poisoned their ehIIjdrcn. ruder a political and social philoso- )'l j phy which stole labor, all intellectual pur- 111 i soils declined <>n account of a violation of the | well-known principle that the mind isj1-"1! brought. out by action, Just as the lustre of I ?! I the diamond is brought into existence by the I I" polishing process of the lapidary. Of all la-111:1 bor, intellectual toil is the most exhausting, j -sl' land jui age must be full of industry of all i J01 J lonns tirlore it will persuade even gifted minds to bend to the yoke of mental and sj?lr-1 v}! itual labor. The fact that the largest number 111'1 of our intellectual leaders passed their early tc'1 years in comparative poverty does not neces-! K1'1 sitate the conclusion that poverty is the;J1'1 J mother of mental greatness, but it does aii-jbe i nounceto us tin; fact that manual labor must i l,r I precede mental labor, and that cruel poverty, (l'' | in eoinpelliiig the former, prepares ll* pupil "'1 for the latter. Having been compelled toi^r work, man accents reluctantly of what he at "" first thinks a misfortune, and at last finds his) ["l calamity to be hlssuccess. In importing 1,11 I workmen from Africa in order to escape from ! an j the misfortune of drudgery, the South et> nn j caped at. the same moment her triumph, and, j10 at tlic end of a few generations, eanie Into the - - ? 1 * t l\ i Weill! of 11ulitnti llieas weau aim us ignonmu ' as she had been i< 11o. Whllo slut stole labor, j w' I Niiltire in it dreadful equity was.steallngawuy | | her iiilellcct mid sentiment. In tliIs general jt:(' l full of menial power, which Included the, ' , brain of statt'imuii. and scientific mini, and J1,11 I novelist, ami poet, the clergyman also went, *'u I down. In such a retrospect must, he found n I large part,of the reason for what wo may eall | J1'tho failure of the Southern pulpit: and what | J" died hy a slow process must revive wlthcqunl I slowness. |"' j To tin.' Intellectual sluggishness which the " [ pr^vaienco of substitutional labor entailed | ; upon all the forms of mental activity lti com- J-'1 | mon, slavery added a special shape of misfor-1 I tune to the lot of the Southern clergyman. [ P1^ I If lllVIDKO SClftKTY INTO TIIUKK i'A.STKS, I I ' and made him the paslorof only oncdivlslon. hti 1 III a slightly lilodliied form, caste holds or j III held the South as Jlraily as it held India be-jl<4 lore It was hubject to liritlsh rule. Throcltli e npes of humanity lay before the parson of] e cotton Status?the slaveholders, the poor] lilies, And the slaves. Immense merit at-l cheilto the tlrstclass; the last class lay far] rcr toward the animal world, and solvation llowed this law of decrease, and was olfered j Ith some zeal to the first families, was often ggested to the poor whites as being desira-i e, and died away wholly before it reached | c ears of those whose complexion was of a irk or mixed character. Prevented thus by ilitieal interest and prejudices from dealing | Ith those who most needed the teachings i id pity of Heaven, compelled to harden his | 'artagainst the cries of those in bonds, and ; ten In torments under the lash, the herald of! sus Christ slowly became a dealer in Intel-J -tnal abstractions, or an apologist for ai amcful institution and its attendant person-| vices. Without doubt the situation was i culiar; the slave was too contemptible to | crii any salvation, tiie master too great to :ed any. Without possessing the nicntat | iwrr of Seneca, the Southern preacher remhlcd that moralist in the sublimity of his | il'il. Nero was so illuslriousan emperor | at he might carry on any form of revel or ime, and might put out of the way his own ! other if slie gave signs of living too long, or j is too full of personal thought and opinion. t le planter was some such ;< piece of human isoluij&m.and did not need much rebukei r sins, nor much instruction in the line of j iiinion morals, inasmuch as ills position in : eiety made hltn a usiturtil heir of the good ! I nus of the two worlds. Ill all times the blest politics, or ]ihllanthropy, or religion is been that which lias carried in 'ts heart ecommon people; and the easto brought! toil part of our ljuid by enforced labor was, j ercl'ore, a perpetual drying up of that love; liicli liey at the basis of the clergyman's of- j e. llence the Injury of the pulpit was deep-1 then tlint Which fell upon letters and ait id science, for they were only rob lied of ostof theiractlvity; but the pulpltsutlicrcd ore, fur, besides being weakened in inteli't, wliat life and love remained were ex-j uisted upou families too full of noble blood | be exposed to either sin or perdition. The j rnions fell upon only a small area, and fell i ere like a scanty shower in a burning desi. Net us advance now to contemplate a third nson why the Southern pulpit must blitsnated as a moral failure. FA1I.S CTTKIllA* TO fiKASp THE MI" AN INC OK THE fnittSTIAN KKMcaoN. assumes that the sole purpose of Christian' r is' to save the soul from sutl'erings after nth, and to secure for It a certain great po?ve happiness In a second world; whereas at religious system attempts a release also [ ?m sulierings here, and offers also a happl iss In this llrst stage of man. Xo religion | is ever exhausted Itself upon the second life, ltd her man's religious ideas have formulail themselves in Kcypt, or in Persia, or in dia, or in Palestine under the Hebrews, cy have made the virtue and the success id happiness of these threescore years at istthe one half of their message and longg. In that highest form of philosophy man sheen sliiiole mil t. mid. whether' his ll:c I j' outspread Jierc:, or lay reaching beyond esc confines, it has been all of one piece, te the unity 01? childhood and middiclifc. wo open a Persian religion -the religion of one magi.s who came in such affection to mor the babe in themangcr? we llnd their ict fines to be shapes of duly and of success ' 1 this side the grave. 'J'he Persians prayed ! at "they might never be carried away by j igcr, that angry wordsand looks might seem j them a sin, that they might reply loan cn? ny with gentleness, t hat thev might, connd constantly against evil morally and lysically;" "I would praise all good oughts, words, and works: I would curse 1 evil thoughts, words, and works;" thus sclosing their conviction that the paradise yond death was only to be a continuation a paradise well founded here. Of similar irport is the theology of the ancient Kgypins. It. did not call man a worm, ami jump er his earthly career as being contemptible, it it placed upon tombs these epitaphs: "He veil his father, he honored his mother, be veil his brethren; he never went away from nnc in anger; he never preferred the groat an to the humble one.:" "lie gave bread to / hnnerr uvifi-r to the thlrstV. clothes 10 c naked, shelter to the stranger.'" To open tho sacred chapters of the Greeks lo find In Pythagoras and Plato and Socras and Xenophon the same estimate of rcllDii, an estimate which makes it a sublime folding of iiiitnan purity and charity. Py> agoras led the way in the formal statement the divines! truths In tho world around lit. Me said: "Man Is perfected by comlining with the no:ls, which he can do only! hen ho abstains from evil and attempts to soluble Ihcdivine nature, and, secondly,by ilntr pood to others. * * * We should imlnaic from the body disease, from the ind ignorance. from the appetites luxury, ;>m a city sedition, from a house discord, m all things immoderation." Socratesi'ol-1 wed with bis notable prayer: "Grant me to j 'come beautiful in tho inner man. and tliatj I outward things may be at peace with the ings within. May i deem t'io wise mull j ill, and may I reach only such i> >rtionofj >ld as a prudent man may employ . Plato ok up the hrokon-olt' music, and. In hi* loft-! r notes, approached Christ's greatest gencr- i ization, and uttered the words, "May 1 not I > to others what I would not have them do j me!"?the passive shape of the comingi olden Utile, | It is notorious that in llie religion of the | en test Latins tills world was the most im-j >rtant arena. All was based upon the tliirni and demands of this llfo, and both Aurc-i us and Seneca declared thai IE VEHY ESSENCE OK PIETY WAS TO DO \ T1IE W1M. OK fJoD IN THIS T.IKE, id leave to the divine knowledge and wish ie existence of any life after this. Seneca ys; "It is the care of the wise and good man j look to his manners and actions, and rath- i tn how well ho lives limn how long; r?>r hoi her lie shall die sooner or In tor Is not his isincss, I> 111. whether ho shall <ile ill or well," I xactly such sentiments pervade tho prayers i ' Atiroliusiind Kpieiclus. In parallel lines itli all such pagan thoughts appears on th?| die the religion of tbe Hebrews, confessed i f all Christians to be the immediate fouh*< in of the New Teslanient. Hut. strange to1 iy, that Mosaic relitrion was wholly oee.uplcd i the reform of man's earthly atialrs. The itagouists of the theory of a revelation adnee asan nrjnimenl that the Old Testament1 altos no logical use of a future lire. Kvi-j ?ntly the mission of Mosaism was to build j [tan Improveil nation,an improved morals,) iuI a better manhood. It made no oliort to ive man from a hell beyond Ihe tomb. The lenieof the whole period rises to its highest oquencein Isaiah when lie snid,"Cry aloud. | Hire not, lift up thy voice as a trumpet,and low thy people their transgression, and the iiuse of Jacob their sins." "Is not (his the st itins worship) that I have chosen ? to lose the bonds of wickedness, to undo heavy urdens. and that' ye break every yoke and t the oppressed so free? Is It not to deal it bread to the hungry, and that thou brlns i thy house the poor that are cast out? that hen thou seest the naked tliou cover him. lid mm. lHon nhic not inyscu nuni uiuiu ivn llcsli?" Kmpioycd chietly in the utiairs r stale, when the Hebrew* thought moved lit upon tlie absolute doctrines of religion, it ivariabiy made its altar a place where man wi ned liis highest duty and drank in his ntiles t. impulses. Thus, turn whither we may, go back as far iail iceoids will lead us, read in alllheoU! lanu.scrlpls or f-tiiml by all theoidscnlptured ihunns or tombs, and one song comes to us otn these combined and harmonious voices, ic burden of which song is that KKJ.KiJOX IS AN IMITATION OK CiOl) ?the two attributes of purity and love. It is purification of self and a perpetual Inter>ssion for others. Vou can not travel so far licit In pagan or Hebrew times as toget way from this general doctrine. Sir \\ IIam Jones found upon an Island in the I'allc, carved In Arabic over the door of a teinle of God, these words: "Tiie world was given forourown upbuilding ot for the purpose of raising sumptuous ouses; life tor t he discharge of njoral and llgious duties, not for pleasurable lndui:nce; wealth to be liberally bestowed, not i-arielously hoarded; and learning to prouee good actions, hot empty disputes"? 11 inscription which teaehes us that oven ie islands of the sea unite with the eotitiLMits iu assuring us that religion is a com-, Ined care for (Joii and for tho immediate wei,re of man. These citatloiiB and reflections eomo In now | > Justify our chargo tliat the Southern pulpit us come to a condition of abject powerlessess,because fit lias fulled to grasp the mean-1 IS of the iro.'pel It has presumed to preach, J separated between gospel and civilization,! nd made what pity it possessed exhaust it;1 f upon some remote misfortune, and made lose tears fall upon hell which should have | illen upon the sorrows of Ibis life. If this : nlplt in its decrepitude could frame a reply I > this charge, it would suy, "You have cited! ic religions of heathen, while I am busy-} itli the religion of Jesus Christ.," The pica heard, but It is in vain; for Christ Is only ! le dual synthesis of all the imitation of ?iod j id service of man of which all other times live dreamed. St, Augustine in the fourth | Mitury porccivcd tills, for he says, "What is; tiled the Christian religion existed among! le ancients, and was not absent from the be- i lining of the human race lip to the time hen Christ came, from which time it began ! i be called Christians." Hut one may easily j rid beticr authority t han Augustine in t 'hnst; imsi'll. His discourses lie almost wholly j itliin the field of duty between men. They I e a perpetuation of all those morals toward j liich all the Ancients looked with more or i ss clearness of sight, it having been the of- j :c of the Man of Nuznreth tosurvey with ill-' ue mind what inan hail attempied to see! rough the veil of imperfect sense. It was! lis Oik. who came at last to say, "Thou shall' ve thy neighbor as thyself." licucc the I iiitheni pulpit, : ITS I.ONO NEC. J.KIT TO PUKACII THE Kl.EVATION OK MAN JtKIlK, proclaim the worth and the rights of the frieftn race; 111 its long cowardice shown tourd dueling; in Its silence over street-en-J iiinters between while men, and over the L'kenlng assassinations of poor negroes by I ly and by night; in its utter want of even j hldlt-age chivalry over the hrutal massacre the Chi sol m family; In its neglect l o urge i ion young men the unavoidable duties ofj duslry and mental and moral culture?in all i is whole catalogue of neglect it has reveal-| 11..i <ml\- li? 11,!. lii I it. v in nrc.'ieli the religion . .1 usus, hut any oilier system of morals or| et^- wliicli (tan be found even ill pauuti an- j Is. Whenever that voice which claims to i ealv tlie will of (tod to thccotloii States has j Licheil at all earthly affairs, it has exhausted i logic und passion upon apologies forsia-i' ry; ami indeed the last printed form of i-ty it sent over the world was an argument I < udinj' tosliow that the bondage of the ne- ' o to the superior white race was a relatlo.i-1 ip natural and valuable. and that it must | for ever esteemed a'id preserved. Since the j iictieal defeat it sustained In that direction ' e Southern pulpit haS let alone all mun-1. ne aflairs, and has confined iUelf with L*at tideliiy to metaphysical disquisitions Hie nature of Christ, upon the mode of ptisui, the necessity of faith, the futility of ( imiin good works, the sovereignly of (iod. d the importance of making some formal d immediate arrangement, touching the xt form of existence. Under which devo>n to abstractions even the duelist has sunk the lower condition of an assassin, and 11 mt was called once a statesman is content I , w to appear at night only and in the limrrk- j and sepulchral dress of a Kn-Klux. tarbarous as was the old practice of duel- , g, its history has become whitened in thc^e (j rkerdays which have substituted for it the | ileous fDrin of murder. Muttii as one may i tiouuce the challenge and the thirty paevs | Koinessecluded vale, yet all must regret i at Dixon couhi not have had the privilege some sell-defense, and that Judge Klliott d not heen invited to repair to some ticld tli his weapons and his second, and I hat lisoim and his tender daughter could not ve enjoyed the code of the duello?a cornrntive gospel us It would now seem. Not at all these vleesand crimes can he charged ion the deaduess of the adjoining pulpit, I 1 hat the pulpit might haveehecki-ii miieii ; is headlong cour.*e of crime, or nii^hi ai ! jsi h 've* made itsuli' great ami eloquent in | c attempt. It was the liour ibr truuslowu-1 'I?I I WMII III H IIIHMMI mil?IWI?IIB Ins preachers Into heroes, but an horirurtVcad, and passed by, therefore, in a peaceful religious sleep. "OUTHODOX" CLERGYMEN". The pulpit under,our study will say; "We:, arc orthodox clergymen. We preach noth-i ing but Christ and him crucilleu. We do not descend to such political and social strips.! We do not, like a Stai r Ivlng or a Theodore i Parker, or like all the semi-infldels of the I North, go before our people with essays on in-1 dustry and liberty and morality. We do not1 count much on mere morality. We preach I salvation by faith in Jesus Christ."' And in ' such words we find further reason for the I humble condition of the Southern pulpit. It j has misconceived the nature of even its own I form of orthodoxy. Admitting that certain j doctrines called "orthodox" do" belong to the Christian system, yet they do not exhaust I the duties mid powers of I'-c Clergyman; for! l'aui himself made Felix tremble by a (lis-1 course upon temperance and "mere morali|y and, sacred as the hours and opportunities of .lesus must have been, instead of Uniting no time for inculcating the lessons of the earthly life, he absolutely died before he had ; conn; to Ihe doctrines which his followers preach with so much endless repetition. The I Master preached the doctrines of human | righteoiisncssand responsibility in a manner i never equaled since: and. assuming that j those dogmas called orthodox are true, they j form only a par: of Christianity, and tlie voice I of the putplL sins painfully and fatally if it does not include in its themes all tile duties, i and equities, and amenities of this earthly ca reer. It is possible tliata special reason for the decline ?M' the tv>uthern eloiny may he found in Mint narrowness of Christian doctrine which made It necessary for tlieni to be guilty of endless repetitions. WITH ON I A" A JIAI.K SCO HE OK IDKAS to prevent, in the never ending reappearance j of these the audience yawned and slept, and > at last disappeared; and, what was as had as the gradual evaporation of the audience, there came the unwillingness of the clergyman to perform the labor necessary to the development of any new application ot truth to society. It is the quality of all vain repeliIIon that it kills not only the patience of the audience, but the mind of the performer. And, from some facts in tiie history of persuasion, it is to be believed that there Ik a qiumti-1 ty of affirmation which gradually brings inli- J delity to the very minds to which the innocent "clergyman imagines he is bringing faith. I..I1 ,,f ? .^,.,,,.1,>,IV1V4>1 ?<> earnestly eaeii .Sunday the deity of Christ, that his audience became at last Cnitarians' from the mere reaction of too much argumentation. The convert from some paean religion to Christianity accepted, after some logic and some entreaty from the missionary, the Story of the whale and Jonah, andat the next Sunday lesson lie advanced with some hesitation to tlie episode of Samson and the foxes; but. on the third Sunday, when ho was asked to hclie.vo in the narrative about the three children in the furnace, ho failed, and said. "And 1 won't believe any longer that story about Jonah.*' His faith died of excessive argument. In part of such painful illness the. Southern pulpit, entered upon Its last slcl<-| ness; for, undoubtedly, there is a preaching of Christ crucitiod which leads to the wonder whether sueli a being as Jesus lived and died, and, if so, for what, purpose? Under repetition thomirtd mows weary, and, being taught immersion for a thousand Sundays, it goes away and is baptized by sprinkling: or, being taught for a thousand Sundays that all moralists will bo lost, the mind, from a | strange form of sympathy, longs more and i more to attach Itself to such moral companionship and risk their destiny. l.ot. us assume that the doctrines of "ortho-1 doxy" arc true; they arc not the whole of Christianity, but, on the contrary, they are only for the most part the divine side of theology, and in preaching tlicm the Southern pulpit lias generally OMITTKJ) ITS OWN* BUSINESS TO ATTEND TO THAT OF TJ1K AJ.MKJIITY. Tne nature of Jesus Christ, and the details of any settlement made between him and the Father, are Known only in the courts of heaven; but that man must obey the laws of <iod, that lie must ?are for his brother, that he must lift up?his voice against all crlmc and injustice, are tilings known to man, and hero is | where his preaching must swell up into eloquence; and here, in this department of human welfare and duty, the pulpit in its most evimirelieiil form lias made itself feit ill all the centuries which have come and g?vne since the times of Jesus. Mere and there hemic servants of the Lord have appeared to espouse a! 1 the temporal good of the multitude, and, it need be, to tight the bloody battles of personal andclvil liberty. The remote ancestors of the Southern pulpit, the K mixes and that whole school, planted their feetlirmly upon the earth, and made the banners of the cross and of human right wave from one stall. Indeed, it is the gi?yy of all the evangelical sect, from Presbyterlanism to the simplest group of Quakers, that in their histories the happiness ami rights of man here were joined to his salvation hereafter, and were mingled together in hymn and sermon and prayer. Thepulpit bellied America discover tier right to "life. | liberty, and the pursuitof happiness," audi helped her seen re that right, The mime of John Withorspoon alono will sutllce to III usIrate the right and the unspeakable power of tilts holy otlice to iielp the people w hen dark days have come. The sermons of that one man were one of the most powerful guns of the Revolution. 11 e became at once a statesman and a preacher, and each otlice mane the other m?re potent. In all the noble days of past, epochs it Will be scon that tlit: orthodox clergy hastened to the front to lead their peo-1 pie, not to heaven, but to earthly happiness. Jn the central and darkest pari of the dark ages, persons of cultisroand piety were deemed too good for any mingling with human at- j (airs,and places of solitude and meditation were built for these, that they might draw I nearer and nearer to heaven. This withdraw-1 itin of the relatively learned and virtuous: brought on tiie midnight of the period. l!o:h parlies, those in retirement ami those in the] world, were injured by the separation. The j uioiiks ami nuns failed mentally and morally from want of noble occupation in the outer | scenes; the courts and the aristocracy declin-] ed from the want of daily wonvcrso with what men ami women there were of some information and some morality. The convents were full of preachers and lecturers and contemplative minds; the streets were full of kings and courtiers of low morals, and of loafers, crlminuIs and clown*'. Thus mind, detached from the daily service of the public, failed and i 11. mc ?? t-kln n t /nit /W!' (rum li^ht Ulirl > stupid ignorance and low vices filled ilie great lonely buildings In which learning and piety ; had .sought a retreat. In abandoning the daii ly wants of the commoil people, learning and 1 virtue had moved away from the sources of their own In in;.'. Not into any material convents hidden away in any mountain recess, [orperched upon some inaccessible rock, has the Southern pulpit betaken itself, but into a . small and dark corner of A r.AW.Y NAMKtl ORTHODOXY , has It softly and slowly crept, until the suftrr: Ins populace no longer sees its wisdom nor , grasps the hand of its charity. Out of a few do/;i nas?the deity of Christ, a commercial j atonement, election, immersion, the* greatness I of heaven iind hell, the littleness of earth? ! the (!ulf-eoast clergymen have made the stones of a monastery gloomy anil lonely upon a baideliir, up thesidexof which by means ; of a rope they draw up a basket of food daily. secured by pious beggars from the impoverished hamlets in the vale. Thus foralong period lias that branch of mental industry i been rctlrlngits capital as though intending i to retire from the Lord's business, and few will deny that in this ell'ort It Is meeting with i abundant success. j II is easier tliusto mark the simple facts of current hlsiorylhan it would be to determine I i the quantity of guilt or reproach which , sliould rest upon the Christian ministry ot | the South who live amid the facts. As men I who live upon the high mountain-ranges do: not pcrccive at each respiration the rarity of | the air, so those minds, howevcrgifled by r.a; ture, who have long lived amid a certain condition of opinion and f>cling, do not detect 1 easily the new demand of the'hour, but pcri mlt easily toe morrow to be as tlie yesterday. ' Wc admire Watt and Kuttonaud congratulate | them on their power to contravene the old | implements and machines, but we do not re- j biiKcthe men who before Watt and Fulton ! failed to see the engine and the steamboat. I In the moral world the heart, actingasspoetatator, admires those who saw that their hour i had come for movingagainst t he old and sluggish tide, but It has no rebuke for those who lived and died without having wakened once Il'Olll Hie WIIIC Kpreau ll-UUll^l. >? .-,1111.1,1., the heroism of Orangeand Kno.x and Wesley, but we ean not grow angry over those who stood in the deserts of Ktfj'Pt ami Syria to permit starvation and thirst anil the torrid sun to expel sin from their flesh. Toward the I men who have revealed great prophetic visIon all look with reverence and gratitude, hut toward the common masses that see and I'eel no new Impulse all look with eithereompassion or silence.. This is very evident, that (lie Southern States are now ottering to the min-1 istersof the gospel within their boundaries AN AUKS A OF U.SKFKI.NKSS AND IIOXOU seldom ollered to the calm thought of age or to the ambition of youth. The religion ol'j Jesus being an Infinite sympathy, being a perfect development of the moral resoure> sof j this world, it longs to build up the school j house and to eare tenderly for the education of all the children; it longs to help the African become an educated and moral and free citizen; it. stands ready to persuade the men of murder and violence to put aside the weapon and touch the handle of theplow; it waits and longs for lip* to become bold enough to j declare that industry is one of the savins ] graces of iiod's sanctuary; indeed, it mourns! the Ion;; absence of an e'o.|ueiiee which shall' declare that a good nation Is a good church. I and that education and industry are steps in j the path of salvation, if there beany geniusI and intellectual lire that have survived the calamities of the past and which remain today in something of freshness and hope, there i remains for this residue of pulpit force a great. I success if It shall east aside Its hazy dis-j courses on the tialureof the atonement and j the exact nature of Christ; shall consider as i dross Its arguments to prove that a man is saved by faith alone, or to sliovv that no liu-l man morals will avail anything in a remote! 1111 mmi'iii.; aim >ii;ii in.ii 111:111. 111 u- ilium- j empty of lolly with arguments lor I lie school! house, ami lor equality and righteousness, and for a general imitation of Jesus (.'hrist.i .V lullt* score of such Southern preachers could [ make the South rise more rapidly than the wild-headed politicians have draped her down. Germany had only one Lui her, l**n*r land began with one John Knox. The pulpit I stands near to all hearts. Youth and age. j even childhood, wait upon lis word*; and f those words sink deepest which, spoken hy | men of kind and pure lives, are made holy hy the invocation nf God and by grand or awful relations to a land beyond. DAVID SWING. ! REPLY OF THE UAFTIST COURIER. I "The Failure of the Southern Ptfl? j pit." P (Jl'tplM Courier, April 22.) In the JVbrth -1 inerifon Jtevlew fur April we : find nn articlo with the above title Horn the pen of the Kev. l'rof. havid Su in^ of t.'hj, no. The author hail seen certain niaps recent- | ly published hy the national government tie-, ; signed to give information 011 various subjects | | by means of ill vers colorings. The eoal for- , [nations, the iron and ore deposits, the favor 1 s mil ague districts, the comparative iutelli- \ jonce of the poj)ulation, are represented on;, lb esc maps by tracks of color, broader or tiar- ' J rower, deeper or fainter, as the tacts with re- 't ?pect to the subjects severally are supposed to ,, icmaud. Immediately a brilliant fancy seizes l'rof. Swing. Ileiinagincssi map of the "L Christian pulpit of the United Slates which diall show at a glance its strength ami its weakness In every degree. Uis chosen color) ror the purpose is red. as being "I lie common 1 inbleii; of love and charily." On this iniag- 1 inary map he (races, from north east in iontii-west, a eonstai.lly diminishing grade. . jf pulpit power, usit'j; tlio deepest rod to in-! [ (Iliate the highest, anil pnler tints for the lower grades. lie lays his paint on thickest over New York und Brooklyn, and touches more and more lightly as he travels Southward. When he gets into Virginia Hie coloring is extremely mint, and in the Gulf States the tint is rea'ly "too delicate lor-tho unaided eye to detect.". At Mobile and Xew Orleans lie | rais.es his eyes Iroin tracing i lie interesting Nj stream, and exclaims, ".Nogreatuess of pulpit here."' We feci mighty had about this. If the Professor had given us the Lite slightest showing appreciable by "the unaided eye," how grate-1, tul we should have been. The depth of otirj humiliation would then have been mciisureable. But now?-O, cruel I'rof. Swing! I ? Anil yet, there must have been a spark of 'J. pity in .his bosom, for else why should he 1 have tempered the stroke with a hint to us j that some consoiat lou might tie found in a! microscope? We have brought ours to bear 111 with trembling hand. (We keep one by us, je as every searcher for truth should do, not |; knowing when such men as l'rof.Swing may' j. write.) And we area little comforted. As! our sight is not the best for such purposes, wej have taken the liberty of applying our in-;S strument to several sections of the South o where the l'rofcssor has used his paint, if at! ] all, in homeopathic solution, and we have , been rewarded i>y discovering here and there 1 an inlliiitessimal particle of the blessed red, It takes such tonus, lor example, as John! Kerr, and Andrew ilroaddus, and Kichard Fuller, and 15asil .Manly, and Tliornwell.'and iHtiicar. and Jeter, among those who are resting now; and rainier and Jloge and Girardeau aud John A. ISroadus, and Curry, and Winkler and Hawthorne, and many another among the living. Yos, we are comforted, 1 IWI, i t'K. ]5ul. seriously, we must say wo have rarely rea<l in a respectable magazine so atrocious .in article as Hint now under notice. The ignorance which it displays of the history and spirit of the Southern pulpit is only matched by the boundless presumption of its tone, and the venom with which all of its utterances are charged respecting .Southern lifeaudcharacler. Pro. Swing ssigns three reasons for his assumed fact?the failure of the Southern pulpit, The ilr.-t. of these is thus set l'orth ; i "In importing workmen from Africa in order to escape the misfortune of drudgery, the t South escaped at the same momvnr her tri- t; umpli, and at the end of a few generations, r filial is, we suppose, at the close of the war.i I ' came into tlii* scene of life as weak and as' ignorant us (she had been hlie. W hile shei* stole labor, Nature In a dreadful equity was It stealing her Intellect and sentiment. In the | 1' general fall of mental power, which Included | j thebialnsof statesman, and scientific man, | i .Hid novelist.. mill noi'i. the ek-rirvinan also i . wciil down." ' The (heory of the author here in tlisit "man-1 t uoI labor must preewle mental"?that if a < m an will not work with his hands neither .--hall lie think :?and so because the Southern ) people did not noe their own eotton, and chop j j their own wood, and ({room their own horses, 1 and blaek their own boots, Nate.re. with aI ' capital X, stole away their brains. But the ' theory Is I'aise, and the facts to which it isap- 1 plied exist only In l'rof. Swing's careering t fancy. lOverybody knows, and no one better j than l'rof. Swing, that among those who are , to-day, and have been in the past, most eminent !n every department of Intellectual A work, many.it one was burn with a gold spoon ( in ids mouth. It Is an utterly baseless aud t foolish notion that a man's body must be pressed down in order that his mind may rise?that the hardships ol' poverty are essen- j Mai. or even favorable, to the development ol 1 Intellect. A sound midil wants a sound body J I t is true, but not a labor-taxed body, l'liys- ( leal exercise is important, and no class of men t in the world took more of healthy exercise ' than .Southern slave-holders. The average f man of this class lived on horsclmck. 1 lmt the truth is, the number of Southern < people able to live without labor was always j comparatively small; if it was not the same form of labor as that most common at t'ue t1 North, It was some form which contributed ( equally as much to bodily health. And the < further truth is that no portion of the Union has produced men of more Intellectual power | and culture than some of theSouthern States j ?notably Virginia and South Carolina. We j1 could easily illustrate this statement with j t shitirng names, but it is unnecessary, and wo i i must hasten on. | ] The next reaton Prof. Swing gives for the' supposed lack of power lu the Southern pul- , t?ir iIlnstonifps slill mora vlvhllw if t)nssibl<?! I his .supreme ignorance of IIijj subject he has ;* in hand, uml the bitterness of his spirit. I < southern society "wus divided into three j. c;istes"?"three shapes of humanity lay lie-1 lore' the Southern parson"'?the slave holders!! tiie poor whites, ami the slaves. The preach- j 1 er was "the pastor of only one division," He : j preached only to the planters, so that "beside j? belli;,' weakened in intellect, what life audit love remained were exhausted upon families too full of noble blood to be exposed to either j5 sin or perdition."' M " J'revcmcd by political interest and;* prejudices from dealing with tiio.se who most! j needed the teachings and pity of heaven,! compelled to hnrd? n Ins heart against the j * eties of those In bonds, and often under the ' lash, the heraldof Jesus Christ slowly became I a dealer in intellectual abstractions, or an! apologist for a shameful Institution and its at-j < tendant personal vices." l'ruf. swinf writes as if he had boon brought I I up at the knees of Harriet iieeeher Stowe,1< Out how any grown man in the rnitcdstates, I < even so brought up, should know so little oil .Southern lite, we are loss to conceive. It is j notoriously true those religions deuionina-' tions which embrace nine-tenths of church-j goers in the South are composed, and have! always been composed, of "the common poo-' < pie"?nine-tenths of the preaching done in | tbeSoutii has been to "the common people" |-that >everal hundred thousand slaves became i1 church members under the preaching of! I white Southern preachers?and that in the is largest denomination of Christians in thc;( country, there are three times as many com-| ] | niuiucaiilsin the South as in the Norm. So , i much for the Professor's pretty talking about j the "dying up of that love which lies at the I basis of the clergyman's office'' through thejl neglect of "the common people," and then Sou!honi preacher's "sermons falling upon oniy a small area, and falling there like a , |scanty shower in a burning desert!" J | The third reason "why the Southern pulpit, j I must rstliuatcit :is u moral lalllire,' is linn [ "it fails to grasp the meaning of the Christian [ | religion.'' And now \vc <lis<-over the secret of', Prof. .Swiii!?'* contempt for the pulpit work of j HauMiern men?1/ in his contempt/or the i/oxjj;1? ;! of which, unfortunately, tills Is not the first!' exhibition. Al< Uement by the Cross ofh Christ, salvation l>j faith alone, the insuili-j, eleney of Hie best morality, rewards anil pun Ishmer.ts in a future state, and church ordi-1J nances,?these. he ?ays, have been the staple!' (>l .Southern preaching. It should have been i < 1 lie "elevation of man here," "the worth and the rights of the Airlean racc," the wieked-j nessof ''du*ili:ig ami street-eneounters i?e-1 tween white men," the "sickening assasslna-1 tifni of poor negroes liv day and by night," |i the "brutal murder of the Chtsolm family," 1 >1 nd such like. Failing to prutch these things the Souihern pulpit has shown "its inability I to preaeh t liereiiulon of Jesus." Accordingly ' 1 it is advised to "ea>; aside its hazy discourses j i on the nature of the aUmementand the exact ' nature of Christ; to consider as dross its arguments to prove that man is saved by faith I | alone, or to show thai no human morals will i 1 1 avail anything in a remote judgment," and,;, | in place of in is "tolly," "till the heart with ar-! j guniciits for the school house, lor equality and ' | righteousness, and tor a general imitation of JesusC'iirlst." 'I I'o thecharge brought against (lie Southern | ! pulpit in this part of l'rof. swing's article we I, are glad to plead guilty,except that we do not 11 admit the silence of our pulpits with respect to social crimes or social duties. Hut we doj] eonfe.-s that "Jesus 1 hnst and him ertieilled" 1 ' J ?a phrase which the reverend author con-11 tcinj'tuously tiiiig* in our teeth?has been the;, theme of most southern preaching. Let tlic." fruits of such preaching beeomparcd with tiie | 1 1 fruits of the preaching he recommends. Let') j the statistics of crime, for instance, be exam-! < incil, comparing Massachusetts Willi south Carolina, or Now York with Virginia,or Ciii-! cago witii Mobile tir Xew Orleans. If the j power of (lie pulpit is to ho measured only by its c Heels on society, in promoting virtue and j suppressing vice?we confess wilii sorrow we ; have little reason to rejoice?but, we are nut' afraid i)f a comparison with any section where < political and social questions have been sub-! stituted as pulpit themes for the doctrines < f, grace, "the old, old story of Jesus and Ills The Xorth American Review bears upon its title page the motto, j "Tros Tyriusijue mliii nullo discrlniine age-, tur." We wish that f>r. Winkler would test its I sincerity, by sending a reply to Prof, Swing's! great swelling words of vanity and falsehood, j Additional Remarks on l*rof. Swing's Article. [llaptisl Courier, May 27.] We have a note from the editor of the Xatiowit fiuptixt requesting us asa matter of juslice to publish the entire passage relating to the article of Prof, swing, to which passage i we made unfavorable allusions in a late issue.j V.'e ihink we can satisly our brother's claim I without surrendering so much of our space as > his request calls for. Ji wishes our readers to sec that tin; extract in thu Xatlonal JlaplUl j from Prof, swing's article had in itnoihingj offensive ti* a Southerner. This we should, resumy iiumii n inai u.\u?u:t cumu uu suj judged. The purpose for which Prof. Swing ic useil the particular words (|noted by the Xn- s (iuiutl JJujilixi was to condemn the Southern j t pulpit, lie thus applies the 11 rat paracraph ( s reproduced In that paper: "These citations!* and retieetions eoine in now to justify ourj'1 charge that the Southern pulpit I.as conic to! J' a condition of abject powerlessness. hecaitsc | ii it has failed to erasp the meaning of the cos- j n pel it has presumed to preach." Now "thc>e _ dilutions and retieetions" arc cjuotcd by the! X<tti?>ial Jlupti.st?Prof. Swing's application of tiieni isomfttcd. Uut I he extract is thus in-, t: trod need editorially: "David Swing charges, the Southern pulpit with tack of inliucnce on puhlic opinion. We gladly echo these golden ; 1 words on the mission of the pulpit." There Is not a bint of disagreement with anything > ?in l'rof. Swing's article. On the contrary, \\ e li submit that such an introduction to such an j |> extract from such an article carried wiiti it 2 0 l>y fair implication a commendation of the'. sentimeiftsof the author on the subject be . had in hand. ! P It would have been very easy for the editor ( o of the XtttioiHtl Jlii/ttinl in saving, "Wegladly ;?, echo t hese golden words on the mission of i tlic pulpit," to have added, "but we do not! . ijuote them in the spirit nor lor the purpofC K manifested hy l'rof. Swing towards our C< Southern brethren." And something like (si tills would surely have been said If it bail j been in the heart of theeditor to say it. That lie had not a word of censure for Professor j u Swing's atrocious article, but could make any i xtract from it with expressions of gladness ' c.i 11 id praise, was enough to show that the au- ,] ilior and the editor were not far apart in their ].: ientluients with respect to the South and the j _ iiulpit of the South. |il' T1IE COX(*AREE CANAL. Ijj -.'oIiiiMliia Rejoicing Over the Arrival of 31. r, 'I lionmson and his Associate, j .Yitw it ml Courier. j Coi.UMinA, May 27.?It. M. Thompson, ft?- m :oinpanii'<l by Messrs. It. Moullon, lloslon, l.ane, lIoly??k?*, Mass.. ninl John T. I ,'inkTliill, Now York, arrived lieic this alter- j toon, ami ut once proeeetleii to effect an I >i'Kiinizu(ion preparatory to rpeiiiu;; lwioks of{ tinsciiption tor tlie ik-vclopinent of the canal j t.. tater power. The organ teat ion will be coin >ifii:u io-iiionow, wnen .?ii, 1 in an j?i ui s a.-,- _ neiales will return, after iiti ins|>eelion of|t!i lie enmil. Mtieli elation is manifested by the | st 'ill/.ens of t olimibia over this initial stop ,.j itul t lie early Ik filling of the wor!r is coafl-i. leutly predicted. |1 ? !'!( 1 Si fieri. .TnineK l,on::sircet ha* been appointed! i|, kliuist.er l<> Turkey, i 1 ?* tin; present post -1... naster at (laiin-M iHe. t la. i , Now treat your girl witli eoolness ami she'll j. ' ike you all the better,and vanilla ia ill*, auk's: i !i! lavuf. I bt 111 - V ' ' " ' Taking the Census. THE GREAT WORK BEGCX.irranscments for the Work?Injunctions for the Enumerators?Pennltv for Refusing to Answer?Families and Homes. ITnrloi* the nrovisions of Acts of Con rress, approved March 3, 1870, and April j (I, 1S80. the taking of the "Census, of the j lopulation, the wealth and industry ofi lie United Suites," wns begun yesterday) norning, Juno i, throughout the entire j, ountry. The period of enumeration is;, >y law limited to the month of June,and j; 11 cities having 10,000 inhabitants and ver (according to the census of 1S70) is j, till further limited to the first two weeks) f the month. The following is a correct! ist of the enumerators appointed for , Lhbevillu County: Town ot Abbeville?L. D. Connor. , Abbeville Township?J. Y. Jones. Cedar Springs?J. It. McKcliar. [ Indian Hill?James II. Wideman. Bordeaux?Edward Cowan. Calhoun's Mills?R. A, McCaslan. Magnolia?Thos. (j. Enright. Lowndesville?L. C. Maulden. Diamond Llill?W. D. Maun. Due West?E. II. Edwards. Diniiilrlsivitti*?! 'IV .Johnson. Cokesbury-J. P. Pritchard. Greenwood?B. Z. Hemclon. Ninety-Six?A. W. Lynch. White Hall?15. L. Tolbert. Smithville?T. N. Tolbert. Long Cane?li. SI. IIodge?. These enumerators, fully supplied with >lanks and intelligently instructed, were o have entered upon their duties yesterlav morning. They have, under the irovisions of the laws governing the cenus. been selected solely with reference o their fitness, and without regard to heir political or party alliiliations. As ar as was possible, they are residents of he districts in which they will operate. Bach has subscribed to au oath binding limsslf to carry the work on to eompleion, unless prevented by reasonable :ause from doing so. Till: DUTY OK EACH ENUMERATOR s to visit personally every dwelling in lis subdivision, and each family therein, md each individual living out of afumiy in any place of abode, and by inquiry iiade of the head of such Tauiily, or of lie member thereof deemed most credi Me ana wormy 01 trust, or 01 such mui-i /id iial living out of a family, to obtain; mcif.and every item of information and i ill the particulars required. J5y individuals living.outof families isi neant all persons occupying lofts in pubic buildings, above stores, warehouses, actories, and stables, having no other isual place of abode ; persons living in tohtary cabins, huts, or tents; persons sleeping on river boat?, canal boats, jarges, tfcc., having no other usual place if abode, and persons in police stations laving 110 homes. Of the classes just nontioned, the most important, nutnerlsally, is the first, viz.: those persons, bit-liy in cities, who occupy rooms in public buildings, or above stores, warehouses, factories and stables. In order to each such persons the enumerator will iced not only to keep his eyes open to all ndications of such casual residence in lis enumeration district, but to make in juiry l>oth of the parties occupying me msiness portion of such buildings and ilso of the police. Letters have been ad1 rested to the mayors of all the large :ities, requesting the co-operation of the >olieesofar as may bo necessary. It is 'urther provided by law that in case no jerson shall be lbimdai the usual place >f abode of such family, or individual iving out of a family, competent to answer the inquiries made in compliance ivith the reqairements of the act, then it shall be lawful for the enumerator to obmin the required information, as nearly is may be practicable, from the family or families, or person or persons, living ieare.it such place of abode. It is the prime object of the enumeraion to obtain tho name and the requisite J particulars as to the personal description | >f every person 111 the United States, of whatever age, sex, color, race or condition, with this single exception, namely, that "Indians not taxed" shall be omitted from the enumeration. It is tho duty of tho enumerator, in the sxercise of his authority, sav his instructions, to visit houses and interrogate members of families resident therein as provided by law, to uso great courtesy irid consideration. A rude, peremptory >r overl)canng dcinosrtior would not only be a wrong to I lie families visited, but would work an injury to the census, by rcuderitu; the members of those families less disposed to give information with fullness and exactness. It would doubtless bo found in tiie long run to be an injury to the enumerator himself and to retard his work. Kv the abovo remark it is not intended to imply that the enumerator need enter Into prolix explanations or give time to tnything beyond tho strictly necessary ivork of interrogation. . It is entirely possible for the enumerator to be prompt, rapid and decisive in announcing his object and authority : and in going through Llift whole list of questions to be propos?d, and at the same time not arouse any Antagonism or give any offence. NO l'.Bl'US.VLS ALLOWED. It is not within the choice of any inhabitant of the United States whether he shall or shall not comniiiuicato the information required by the census laws. By the 14th section of tho Act approved March 3,187"), it is provided: "That each arul every person more than twenty years of age. belonging to my family residing in any enumeration district, and in ease ol the absence of the heads and any other members of any such family, shall be, and each of them iiereby is, required, if thereto requested by tho suncmilendent, supervisor or enumerator, to render a true account, to the best of his or her knowledge, of every person belonging to such family in tho utrions particulars required by law, and whoever shalL wilfully fail or refuse shall bo guilty of a misdemeanor, and ipon conviction thereof shall forfeit and jay a sum not exceeding one hundred loilars." Enumerators are, however, instructed hat they will do well not unnecessarily ;o obtrude the compulsory feature of the enumerations. It will be found in tho l ast majority of ca.scs that the persons sailed upon to give information will do so .vithout objection or delay. No people n the world aro so favorably disposed towards tho work of the census as the peo>le of the United States. With the high le^ree of popular intelligence here existng; the importance of statistical infornation is very generally appreciated, and f tho enumerator enters upon his work n a right spirit, he will generallj' meet ivith a favorable and even a cordial response. It is only where information rejuired by law is refused that the penalties or non-compliance need be adverted to. L'lie enumerator is required then, quietly nit firmly, to point out tho consequences if persistency in refusal. At the census if 1870 tho agents of the census in only wo or three instances throughout the! vholo United States found it necessary tol esort to the courts for the enforcement I >1' the obligation to give information as cquired by the census act. Tlio enumerator is not required to acejit answers which lie knows, or has rea011 to believe, are false. He has a right j o a true statement on ev? v matter re- , pecting which lie is bound to inquire; ; nd lie is not concluded by a false stateuont. Should any person persist in niak- , ug statements which are obviously erro- ' icons, the enumerator should enter up- ! 11 the schedule the facts as nearly as lie j an ascertain them by his own observa- j ion or by inquiry of credible persons, j ( The foregoing remark is of special im- , ortance with reference to the statements j j f the heads of families respecting alllict-1 (1 members of their households. The]1 iw requires a return in the ease of each j j liml, deaf and dumb, insane or idiotic, j t r crippled persons. It not unfrequentk' happens that fathers and mothers, as- !1 ecially the latter, are disposed to con-!1 cal, or even to deny, the existence of j ....i. r.in,n ai' philHrnn. ' i m .such cases, if tlio fact is personally j ' nowii lo the enumerator, or shall be a.s-11 m-taincd by inquiry from neighbors, it I * liould bo entered on the schedules equal- j t ^as if obtained l'rom the head of the is itnily. js A second class of cases under this head j' tncorns the reporting of the values pro- j i need in agricultural or other occupa-u ons. The enumerator is not bound by U uy statement which he knows or has 11 iason to believe to be false. His duty is! J > report the actual facts as Jnoarly as he [ J in ascertain them. fc The enumerator is prohibited by law It oni delegating to any other person his! J llhortl.v to eutor dwellings and to inter-1 >gato their inhabitants. The work of f lumcration must bo done by the enu-ili icratorin person, and cannot be perform- 1 1 by proxy. jjj KAMI I.IKS A Nil II03TE.S. j 'j Five regular schedules are created by'x w for the enumeration of the several j lbjeetsof inquiry, as follows: l'opuladii, agriculture, manufactures, social.ri atisties and mortality. Schedule 4 (So- ? al Statistics) has been withdrawn fronij^' io enumeration and placed in the hands1 (i special agents and experts. Upon: <i liedule I (Population) is to be entered !v ie nann> of every man, woman and child " ho, on the 1st day of June, IWl, shall ^ ive his or her usual place of abode with-j i the .enumerator's district. No child j jni bulweeu the 1st day of June, 16b0. jl' " ?Ni ;T ' ' ^ ^ - and the day of the enumerator's visit- " (say June 5or 13or 35,) is to be entered upon the schedule. On the other hand, , every person who was a resident of the district Upon the 1st day of June, 1880, < but between that date find the day of tho enumerator's visit shall have died, should be entered on the schedule precisely as if. still living . The object of tue schedule is to obtain a list of the inhabitants on tho 1st of June. 18?0, and ail changes aftor that date, whether in the nature of gain or of loss, are to be disregarded in* the enumeration. . j The word family} for the purpose of the census, includes persons living alono | equally with families in the ordinary souse of that term, and also all larger aggregations of poople having only the tie j of a common roof and table. A hotel, with all its inmates, constitutes but ono family within the meaning of this term. A hospital, a prison, an asylum is equal*', ? ly a family for the purposes of tho ceji- - , jus. On tho other hand, the solitary in mate of a cabin, a loft or a room finished ulF above a store constitutes a family in the meaningof the ccustis act. .'In tho case, however, of tenement houses and L>1" the so-called "Hats" of the great cities, /. us many families* are to be recorded an > there are separate tables. The cOnsas law furnishes no definition of the phrase, "usual place of abode uul it is difficult, under the American system of a protracted enumeration, to all'ord administrative directions Which will wholly obviate the danger that somd persons will bo reported in two place* and others not reported at all. Much must bo left to tho judgment of the enn mcracor, wno can, 11 110 win tunc vuv pains iu th6 great majority of instances satisfy himself as to the propriety of inclniling or not includingdoubtful (srtes in his enumeration of any given family. In the cases of boarders at hotels or students at schools or colleges, the enumerator can, by one or two well-directed inquiries, ascertain whetner the person concerning whom the question may arise has, at the time, any other place of abode within another district at whicfy be is likely to bo reported. Seafaring men are to be reported at their land homes, 110 mutter how long they may have been absent, if they are supposed'to be still alive. Hence, sailors temporarily at a sailors' J boarding or lodging house, if theyac- a knowledge auy othor home within the . M United States, are not to bo included in the family of tho lodging or boarding * house. Persons engaged in internal * transportation, canal men, express men, railroad men, Ac., if they habitually return to their homes in tho intervals of their occupations, will be reported as of . ; -j their families, and not where thoy may be temporarily staying 011 the first of June, 1<?80. Tho exact age in figures will be inserted whenever it can be obtained, Oth- ' erwise the nearest approximation thereto. Children who, on the 1st or June, i?au, wero less than a year old, will have their age stated by tho fractional part of tho year, as one mouth, 1-12; three months, # 4-12 ; nine mouths, 9-12, Ac. In all other cases mouths will be omitted. The euumerators are instructed to be particularly careful i:i reporting the class mulatto. The word is here generic, and includes quadroons, octoroons and all porsons having any perceptible trace of African blood. Important scientltic results de-/.1: pend upon the correct determiuation of' this class. OTHER DETAILS OF THE WORK. The inquiries as to "profession, occupation or trade," are spoken of in tho in- " , " structions as being among the most important questions of the schedule, and enumerators are charged to make a Htudy of it, and to take especial pains to avoid unmeaning terms, or such as are too general to convey a definite idea of the ocou pation. ' The place of birth of every person named must bo reported. If born within ^ the United States the State or Terittory in which the person' is at present residing or uot. If of foreign birth, tho country will be named as specifically a* possible. In stead of writing "Great Britain as the place of birth givothe particular country, as England, Scotland, Wales. Instead of "Germanv" specify the State, as Prussia, Biden, Bavaria, Wurtemberg, Hcsso Darmstadt, &c. Farms include all considerable nurseries, orchardsand marketgardens which are owned by separate par- ? ties, which are cultivated for pecuniary profit, and employ as much asHho hibor one able-bodied workman duHngtheyear Mere cabbage and potatoe patches, family vegetable gardens and ornamental lawns, nftt constituting a portion of a Ctrrn for general agricultural purposes, will be excluded. No farm will be reported of loss than three acres, unless Ave hundred dollars worth of produce lias been act- *' ually sold olf from it during the year. \ The latter; proviso will allow , the \.r.' inclusion 01 many mamui. gurui-iia in tu? , neighborhood of large cities, were . < although the area is Hiriail, a high state of cultivation is maintained and conxiderable value produced. A farm is what is owned or tensed by one man and cultivated under his euro. > A distant wood-lot or sheep pasture, even- 1 * A if in another sub-division or district. la . to bo treated as a part of the farm ; but wherever there is a resident overseer oP S manager, there a farm is to be reported. fl The amonnts of the various crops', will ^ be estimated according tc the best Jndg- fl incut of the proprietor or managor whero V nonexact account is kept. -M lly a section of the act of March* 1*70, M the "superintendent of census was autho- fl rized to withdraw the manufacturing ? schedules from the enumerators in ease of all cities and towns having 8,000 in- S habitants mid over, and to charge the col- ^ lection of these statisticts upon experts \ ' and special agents. These embrace * manufacturers of cotton, iron, and steel, wollen and worsto<l goods, coko, glass, ship-building, silk and silk goods, fisheries, and mining in all its branches. ' Tho statistics of telegraph, express, railroad an4 insurance companies will be t collected by special agents appointed dire.ctly from the census office. Supervisors will have no responsibility therefor, and enumerators will be charged with no > duties relating tuereio. In addition to the tive regular schedules of the census, seven supplemental schedules have been prepared, which are as follows: For insane, idiots, deaf mutes, blind, homeless children, inhaoitants In prisons, aud paupers and indigent in "Institutions. The instructions conclude with some general remarks upon tho rendering, exhibition and correction of returns} also as to the compensation allowed, as to which it is said that much will be left to be determined by the onergy, prompt!-* tude and industry of the enumerators in the discharge of "their duties. , 1VHITAKER DISGBACE0? The Conrt Concludes that he XatJla* ted Himself?General Schofleld Orders His Arrest and He is Placed Under Guard. ^ West Poixt, May 29.?The Whitakcr court met to-day la socrct session and made up its 1 final report, which was agreed upon and iflgneil by all the members of the court. The report, ufter reviewing the facts and evidence in the case, gl ves tho following conclusions: . First. The cmirt is unable to believe that such slight wounds as Cadet Whi taker received could have been Inflicted by persons in the manner and uuder the circumstances described by him. Second. It does not see why a man with his surroundings and in Ills condition andframo of mind, as shown by Ills own evidence; should have submitted to an assault such as is alleged without summoning assistance during ilie assault or immediately thereafter.. Third. It believes a person tied as he was, \nn left as he claims to nave been, could have readily released himself should ho exert himself to do so. Fourth." From the testimony of the poet illrycon and others, the court Is compelled to ?...? U'hiialrfli- u>uc nolf l\*.r fivlw>n IlilP insensible when he wad examined on the morning of April (ith, but that lie was feign ng. Fifth. The court Is notable to discover any motive thcitany person other than Whltakcr :ouid have hiul in making such assault, and .here is no evidence whatever to warrant the jellef that other persons did make It. Sixth. It believes that the hair clipping, lesh cutting and binding could huvo all been iceompllsheil by Whitakcr himself; Seventh. The theory that the not# of warnuk is an Imitation ot Win taker's writing is,- ,V n the opinion ot the Court, untenable. The ievere tests to which experts in handwriting / vere subjected and their positive testimony )lac;? it beyond doubt that Whltaker himself vrote the note of warning, and, therefore, / * hat he Is not ignorant of the person or perons engaged iu the affair, The latter conclulon is strengthened by the fact that oue-half ?f the sheet of paper on which this note U vritten was fouud In Whltaker's possession.Vfter a strong array Af clrcumsUintlal evlIcnce from the testimony of experts In hand vrmnganu irom uie couuiciiiiu tuivmcnu) >f Cadet Whitaker tuul the lack of verncity ivlucctl by Jtim In certain cases during the in' iniry, a.s shown by the evidence, the Court 1st it tiie opinion that the lmputatkm upon the ha racier of Cadet Whitaker, referred to in lie order convening the Court, in the otllcial eports of tiie ('oinmandant of Cadets and * 'ost .Surgeon, is fully sustained. When the report was sent to General SchoIcld and curefully read by him, he caused n etter to be addressed to Colonel Ijizello, Commandant ot the Corps of Cadets; directing tlio rre.st of Whitaker and placing him in coninenient In his room. The order \fas prompt* y carried out, and Whitalcer will remain un or arrest until thin case is cfisposoa or. A uard will keep him under surveillance. IloiiEY COis.s.?Every business house has o\v closed ttown ou punched stiver pieces, tit sniuM loss i'> nearly every one. ttomesbarpr has h4t won the plan of filling the holes rith Icail, but fho bunks readily delect the odgeauu throw theiu overboard. Vv'epreict that this is oA'lv a temporary spasm, and future an assertion that before the dull tonths of summer fs 6V0r Our trmlesmeii on't permit a little hole t&stand between 10111 and a collection.?OffkUtinjMi Eelut. The drouth around PiUsbun;, l'n., has lastcit ivo mouths and withered everything. A