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ABBEVILLE PRESS & BANNERS"
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BY HUGH WILSON AND H. T. WARDLAW. ABBEVILLE, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 5, 1880. NO. 48. VOLUME XXV.
| ~
The Tears Are Passing By.
The years are passing by!
We watch, as from an open door,
Their passage through time's corridor;
Each shadow, in its falling, slopes
Across the grave ot buried hopes;
The pulse ot being slower beats
Through winter's snow, through summer's
heat9,
And taith and hope and love grow cold
As we grow old?as we grow old!
The years are passing by!
The years are passing by!
Time's record hath such psige9 blurred
With hasty deed, with bitter word;
Such sad mistakes mark all life's years
Wo scarce can read, because of tears;
We see dead laces on the walls,
We hear dead voices in the halls,
We touch some hand on bended knee,
We kiss flooia lips we cannot see?
The years sue passing by!
The years are passingly!
They carry with them as they go
The rain, the sunshine and the snow;
They leave behind the drilt of days
Wherein each soul somo penance pays;
Some hopes we have, hut not our own,
Some loves we cherish, not alone;
And there are leaves and faded flowers
That tell sad tales in memory's hours.
The years are passing by!
I'ho ronrj nrn rtaoairtcr Kv'
I'1?"J
The 9eal ot silence on our lips
We closer press. Time's umbra dips
To deeper darkness down the lane
Through which we wulk to hide our pain.
We smile and smile as one who bears
A liie untouched by griel or cares,
But when in solitude we wait,
We bow our head at sorrow's gate.
Hie years are passing by!
The years are passing by!
Another Joint tjie passing band!
Oh, is there not some other land
? nere compensation ior tm uis
The measure of life's being fills ?
L We wait the answer, but in vain.
The shadow Cills, a sense of pain
Rests on us whereso'er we go
And xbispore ol the sod and snow.
The years are passing by!
COUSIN EDITH.
Lillian Amos stood leaning against
the casement of an open window leading
on to a sioping lawn, at whose base
llowed a sunny, rippling stream of
water.
It was one of England's fairest scones
on which her eyeb rested, and she was
one of England s fairest daughters.
Even at this moment, spite of the fact
that her brow is gathered in a frown.
and the full, red lips are unmistakably
pouting, her beauty is undeniable.
A few bold spirits have declared there
wa<! little soul in the face'; but the large
hazle eyes could melt or flash at will;
the dark lashes shaded a cheek white as
parian marble, with rarely even a touch
of color upon its velvety surface, and the
lithe, graceful figure even unconsciously
assumed new grace in each unstudied
poise, until one forgot the questioa of
soul in its perfect outward flesh-andblood
tubernaclo.
Near her, reclining on a low easychair,
sat a young girl of about her own
ago. At iirst giance the exquisite soulloveliness
of her face paled in Miss
Ames' more brilliant beauty, but ther<A
were more1 to love its possessor, and
fc fewer to envy her. Something like in^
< ignation was in her voice, as she addressed
her friend.
"T cannot believe that vou mean it
Lillian," she said. " You have been engaged
to Oscar Bering a year, and how
you can say so carelessly that your cn
grigemcnt shall he broken?"
" Reg pardon!'' interrupted the other,
in low, ironical tones. " I have not yet
been engaged to Oscar Bering twentyfour
hours. It was to l^ord Oscar Bering
T save mv pledge."
* Oh. but, Lillian, because he has lost
title and estate must he also lose the
vv.npan of his love? Think a minute.
You surely will not give him up so
easily?"
"Nonsense, Edith! I am twenty-one
?no longer a girl of an age to live upon
sentimenialism, but to look upon the
everv-day realities of life. When I en rneed
myself to Lord Bering, I was the
subject of congratulation among all
my friends. Now that the cousin who
was supposed to be dead crops into life
in some remote portion of the globe, and
that Oscar insists upon renouncing the
property in his behalf without even a
f am oAnfonf f/v 4- V-?
CUU^(V>| * Miu uvu vunu-nu i.\j ICO 111C51'
same congratulations lapse into pity."
" Oh. Lillian, do you think any one
could pity you for possessing so royal a
cift as the love of such a man? Think.
V.etter of it, dear, I know you care for
him. Do not so lightly renounce your
g| life's happiness!"
I " You plead his cause eloquently, ray
W dear. Really I did not know I possessed
^ . a rival l'n my fair cousin. Perhaps, a
hf?art caught in the rebound?you know
the n-ft, ot course, and can point the
moral."
44Lillian, you are cruel?cruel! I?'
But the late speaker had passed
through the open window out of hearin?,
and advanced to meet a man
(juickiy approaching on the ereenward,
while the youn<r girl left behind
fell hack in her chair, the great tears
coursing down her cheeks, on which
the crimson color-signal flamed.
it whs as tnough some ruthless hand
had snatched the veil from her own
lieart, leaving exposed its most cherished
seeret?a secret she had not
known aerself, until now betrayed by
her shame. /I... "
"I mast leave this place. I cannot
meet him again. I must go home!
But. oh! how can she give him up!"
Edith Loring and Lillian Ames were
cousins, but the one was the daughter
of a olergyman whose rectory was some
ten miles distant from Ames Court, one
of the noblest estates of England, and of
wlricl* Lillian was sole heiress.
The-girls, however, had been closely
unitedj more by the tie of friendship
tlusa oouainship, since the latter was a
- distant hond. and Ames Court was al<
most .is much Edith's home as her own.
ft Xow, however, the homelier charms of
the rectory were very grateful to her.
Here no one could probe the discovery
^ so now to herself? to trace the scarlet
blush which seemed so often to burn
her cheek, until she wondered that it
did not leave its brand.
She had been home 6ix weeks, and
twice Oscar Dering had ridden over to
see her, but she had always denied herself
to him on some household pretext,
until one morning he overtook her in
l>u rnflrf
She had been busy with thoughts of
him, wondering how he had borne his
' ruptured troth, and reproaching herself
lor the cowardice which heretofore had
forbidden her meeting him, when she
heard oehind her the quick tramp of a
horse's hoofs. His rider drew rein at
her side.
"So I am to find you at last," he
said.
His voice sounded the same as of old
?the bright, cheery tone was unchanged.
He was not broken-hearted,
tjien, or at least he did not wear that
cruelly-used portion of his body upon
his steed.
'* Have you seen Liliian lately?1'she
at last lound courage to ask.
" No,'' he arswered, and then she saw
^ the frown gather on his brow, and an
expression ol pain come about his lips.
4> I h?e as little of your cousin as possible
now. You know, Miss Lonng, I
?m no longer a subject for congratulation."
i ... ..
"Yes, I know," she said. " I?"
" Don't pity me," he interrupter]. " I
can't bear that quite yet "
" I did not mean to piiy jou, \3i1e replied.
And then the conversation drifted
into other channels.
" Oh, if Liilian had not spoken of the
heart caught in the rebound!" she
thought, when week after week Oscar
Dering would find his way to the rcc- :
tory garden, or the rectory parlor, to
spend long hours with its fair young ?
mistress.
She understood so well why he came, J
because now and then Lillian's name
drifted into the idle talk, and because, ,
as lie grew stronger, he dared speak of
lur nml the love he had borne her. It
was a mingled pain and pleasure to listen.
If only she had not ^earned her ]
own heart, the pain would have been
less. But she was destined to learn it
more fatally, yet, as, one morning, strol- ling
through the woods together, the
sharp report of a hunter's pun close be- ;
side them startled them both. The next ,
instant her companion srtnk white and
senseless 011 the sward beside her, while
the affrighted hunter, whose misaim'ed
charge had entered his arm, hjistened
forward.
"Bring assistance, quickly!" exclaimed
Edith, while she raised the 1
heavy head to her lap. "Oscar, speas ^
tome!" she moaned. "Oscar! Oscar!"
Over and over again she repeated his ,
name in the same accents of despairing i
love, until they seemed to force their
way into the life-pulses of his being, and e
rouse them to activity.
He opened his eyes with a half wan- ?
derins look, as though delirium must
have overtaken him.
At this instant the hunter returned '
with assistance, and a half hour later <3
the wounded man had been borne to the 1
rectory, the wound dressed, and the
knowledge given that it was merely a a
flesh hurt, painful but not dangerous; a
yet his recovery was a tedious affair. r
He crew moody and abstracted. It
cave him moiv time to think of Lillian d
liio lrtca "PHifrli thnnirlit pven whilr t
auu *???? AJMAHU v?? VMq.. ?r* ? , .? .? b
slip wondered why his eyes followed her t
with such a strange, questioning look, c
Once she entered his room with some
freshly cut flowers in her hand. (
" Where shall I put them, Mr. Der- $
ing?" she .questioned. v"
" Mr. Pering?" he answered. "Pid c
I not once hear you call me Oscar? Or
was it a sweet fancy wafted from dream- ,
land?" J
Again the crimson tide dyed her face, j*
" Pon't!" she said, :is though he had J?
hurt her, and hastened from the room. u
bearing with her the flowers, and it
seemed to him the light and sunshine. t
Had lie been blind all this time, and
was he just beginning to see?
A grand ball was to be given at Ames
Court, at which Lillian insisted that
Edith should be present. The invalid
was fully recovered now, and he, too,
was summoned to the feast.
Miss Ames had plunged into constant J}
gaiety since the breaking of her engagement
to Oscar Pering, but it all liad ^
failed to till the empty place in her "
heart. ?
On the evening of her ball, she picked ?
up the paper sent down by the after- "
noon's mail from London. Glancing
idly over its page3, she suddenly sturtcd d
at seeinsr the name of the man to whom ci
she so lately had been betrothed. s:
It was a published decision of the i*
court, that, owing to some disability, *
the title could not descend to Oscar Der- tl
ing's cousin, but, together with the d
estates^ must remain in his possession.
He was, then, Ix>rd Dering still. Fool tl
that^she liaa been! But the decision had b
been made public but a few hours. He a
would never dream ot the accident which t<
had brought it to her knowledge. To- J
night, wliilc he still thought her in is
ignorance, she must win him back. a
Never had she been more capricious o
with her toilet; never had she looked
more ravisliingly lovely than when she h
descended to receive ner guests. w
It was late when be entered the spa- tl
cions drawing-rooms. f,
" I have been waiting for you." she n
said, in her sweetest, lowest tones. t<
"You honored me too greatly, Miss b
Ames/1 he replied. b
"Let us go into the conservatory," p
she ridded. " It is cooler there."
He offered her his arm. v
From a distant corner of the room, n
Edith saw them. a
" She need not have feared," she u
thought, bitterly?only, the next mo- tj
raent, to reproach herself with her sel- ^
fisliness. " I willnoi, begrudge him any jj
happiness," she said to herself c
" Haveyou fortntten the last time we ^
were here together, Mr. Dering?" Lillian
was asking at this moment.
" Air* " lip ??TiBwrf>rrwl ffP)iv(>lv . nnbinrr tl
quietly hut surprised ly into the beauti- e
ful face beside iiira. Y
"Can one ever retrieve a mistake," '(
she asked, " when one finds it out?"- ?
411 do not know," he replied, toying t(
with an exquisite rose beside him, as lie f
continued: "Can one cause the ros?
blighted in midsummer to bloom again 51
in the frosts of winter?"
She knew then w!>:?t lie meant, and
mIso knew that it was too late to retrieve
the p:ist. C
" We are dealing in similes," she ex- a
claimed, hiding her wound with a n
nrnnd smilp. " Prrhnns it i<s nlnw h
Let us return to our uuests."
An hour later Oscar Bering led Miss T
Loring to the same spot. d
" I love you, Edith," he said, simply, n
" [ thought my heart was dead when I v
met jou. I know now that it had never s
lived. My darling, will you be my t<
wife?" tl
" Oh, Oscar, you are sure, sure of your- g
self?" c
" I have been made sure to-night," h
he answered, drawing1 her clote to his o
heart, and breaking off the splendid P
rose with which he had toyed an hour ti
before, to place it in her hair. P
" She was too happy to question his 1<
words or their meaning?too happy even n
+ r\ lot. TVIlQQ AmPS1 / nriffrnhllotinnc eliwn. ?
when she said,* seorn&llv: a
"A heart caught in the rebound, n
Did I not tell you so?" c
Too happy even to be made happier i|
when she learned she was to share no ^
humble lot with the man she loved, but 0
that her wedding-day made her Lady 11
Edith Dering. t
What the Stars Foretell for 1881.
Those who study the stars, says an
exchange, will have plenty of occupa- i;
tion in the coming years. The index- p
hand on the celestial dial-plate points d
to events of momentous import. The t
four great planets reach their nearest
point to the sun more nearly together n
man mey nave none ior almost two
thousand years. It is not unreasonable
to suppose that, with their strong pull a
and pull all together, they will create \
some unusual disturbance in the chaotic
elements that make up the sun's lierv
mass. The forces of the new spot- p
cycle are now in active opera'ion, and E
those who have closely watched the in- F
fluence of the solar disturbance on t
climatic conditions predict a hot sum- a
mer from the heat-waves that follow ^
the commencement of the tremendous ?
solar outbreaks. The hidden cham- ^
bers of the great pyramid have given
forth in oracular fashion momentous
-prophecies for 1881 to the few disciples
4i. u: J c
vy uv/ uavc xaitu in men Lcauiiiiigs, nuu ,
astrologers cast strange horoscopes
from tLe unusual planetary combina- s
tion':. A
doctor gives in a German medical ^
journal a detailed account of a man
who literally burst, split his diaphragm
in two, and died. He had swallowed ]
four plates of potato soup, numerous 1
cups of tea and milk, and takeh a dose 1
of bicarbonate of soda to aid digestion, j
His stomach swelled enormously and )j
tore the diaphragm from the right side, t
causing immediate death. y
FOR THE FAIR SEX.
My All.
I have no home but in thy heart,
No heaven apart from thee;
My world is only where thou art;
Within tho busy crowded mart,
Thy lorui is all I see.
My life, my love, my Heaven, my all!
Oh, 1 would rather be
rhino own, though kings should wait uiy call
For lile, though in a palace hall,
Were drear, unshared by thee.
[ dread the day that yet may come,
When one must go alone,
With fond heart chilled, and senses numb,
Because tho other's lips ar? dumb,
Beneath a lowly stone.
knd looking in thine eyea, I pray
Wo may together go?
["ogether tread the sell-samo way t
SVhich leadeth to eternal day?
Because I love thee so!
?Lila J\i. Cushman
Fuhlon Notci.
A white satin dress laden with pearls
las two hunches of white hyacinths for
garniture.
For basques the surplice effects are
rery much used, and quite rival the di ectoire
styles in popularity.
Polka-dotted lavender and heliotrope
iilks of thin light quality make pretty
Iresses when trimmed with creamy
^anguedoc lace.
Light foulards with cream, pale blue,
avender or gray grounds are made with
[uantitie3 of Languedoc lace for trimuing
them.
A surpJice basque, witu a Kercmei
ibout the neck, a draped overskirt, and
i kilt-plaited lower skirt, is the favorite
Qodel for dresses of laneige tissue.
One of the prettiest simple suits has a
lauk heliotrope, kilt-plaited skirt, with
iny checked silk of lighter shade for
he Tallien overskirt and directoire
oat.
Youthful looking dresses of white
Jhambery gauze over satin have a great
;eal of Languedoc lace on the apron,
(rhile the foot is trimmed with three
lose fine plaitings of dark red satin.
Polka-dotted satin is pretty for the
iasquesof young ladies' evening dresses,
nd the apron is then of the same, or
erhaps the front breadths are pJain
atin, grenadine or tulle, while the fig.red
satin is in the train.
The skirts of evening dresses are made
3 represent a flat petticoat front or an
nrnn urliilp thp hflct hrfl-ulths QWPPn nff
ke a court train, though the whole
kirt, apron and draperies are invariably
lade together; that is, to put on in one
ieee.
White challis, white mohair, camel'sair
and Chuddah cloths are also used
jr summer dresses for the country,
ome of these have theTallien overskirt
raped very high on the side, or else
pened its whole length to show the
ounces of a heliotrope or blue silk skirt
eneath.
Pink gauze and satin dresses have a
eep, full apron of the gauze, edged with
urled fringe, gathered into the flowing
itin train. The corsage ot such dresses
> only half high, pointed back and front
ith Grecian folds, forming a bertha on
ic bust, or else a Languedoc barbe is
raped around the neck.
Very dark satin foulards are used for
le street. The grounds are pheasant
rown, olive or violet, and the figures
re round white moons, with chintz pat2ms
in them, or else polka dots or
apanese fans. The -deep apron is finilied
with heavy festoons of the same,
nd in the knife-plaiting at the foot one
r two red plaitings are introduced.
Vests are not as much worn as they
ave lately been, but are sometimes seen
rith the shirred fronts of dresses; thus
be contrasting fabric it set down the
ont ol the waist like a vest, aid the
latcria! of the basque is shirred in clus2rs
each side of it. Sometimes the
asque is laid in plaits that fold on the
osom in surplice shape, and this is reeated
in the back.
Basque and trimmed skirt are thepreailing
style, but a great many poloaises
are also used. Some of the latter
re seen with straight backs not caught
p in the .'east, and quite full in plaits
lint fall lengthwise; others have cominations
of different fabrics for scarfs
i front or on the sides; and many are
at off in front like a basque, while the
ack is in princess shape.
A great deal of beaded embroidery is
sed in the new styles. Sometimes the
ntire basque and apron is of white satin
rrought with pearls, or black satin with
;t. Lace is employed in profusion,
lore especially the Languedoc and Bre5n
lacer,, that are not expensive, vet are
ffective for plaited flounces, and in the
arbes now used for draping the cornge.
The Secret of Woman's Power.
The secret of woman's'power and sucess
in regard to the relief of trouble
mong the afflicted poor lies, not where
lost other secrets of force aud efficacy
ave their stronghold?in the intellect
-but in the simple authority of virtue,
'lie sweet and even operation of a tener
and steadfast spirit of charity
ecessarily carries all before it. Woman
rins her way also by showing, what
lie cannot help, that her sole object is
o assuage and succor, leaving upon the
lireshold all that is not pure and simple
ood-will. With men to do so is difliult.
Men go by statute; they are upolders
of the law, which demands
bedience to the letter, enforces the aplicalion
of it, and insists always upon
echnical justice. Contrariwise women
refer equity. The justice which fol3ws
the dictates of nature is always
lore Christian in essence, more liberal
nd magnanimous, therefore better
dapted for achieving noble ends. When
ien in this department of work are exeptionally
successful it is becaufie, as
ridividuals, they have feminine disposiions.
Eauity, whatever may be claimed
n behalf of justice as a rule of life, is
lie substratum of all the noblest nnures,
whether male or female.
An Episode.
A somber faced man, with long hair
ike a corn doctor or a poet, entered the
ostoftice one day last week and laid
own a nickel and inquired lor two
hree-cent stamps.
Ke was inlormed that six cents was
ecessary for the purchase.
"This is the economy of the country
3 it? In the city where I came from I
1 ways get two stamps for five cents. Is
his the only postoffice in town?"
44 It is."
44 Ah, ha. That accounts for it. Comletition
is what gives life to all busiless.
If you only had two or three
ostofiices here stamps would go down
0 twenty cents a dozen in no time. It's
1 wonder some enterprising capitalist
lon't go into the postoffice business here,
ind bring prices down where they ought
o be."
Tln:n fishing an old-fashioned copper
>utof his pocket, and laying it in the
lelivery window, he adhered his stamps
o a vellow envelone. and vanished like
i beautiful dream.
Thus do some men scatter seeds of
cindness as they journey through the
vorld.?Marathon Independent.
During the last year an average of
[3,000 letters a day wa3 received at the
iVashington dead letter office, Ne wEns<and
furnishing the largest share pr?>jortionally.
These letters contained
535,(KM) in currency and $1,500,000 in
lrafts, ninety live per cent, of which
vas returned to the proper owners.
Hibernation.
Most beasts do not hibernate, becaus*
they have the power of keeping up a uni
form body-temperature in spite of th<
cold of winter. In the dormouse, mar
mot and many allied forms, however
as also in the hedgehog and in bats, wi
do find this winter sleep to occur. Th<
lower animals, such as reptiles, frogs
and efts, many fishes, spiders, shellfisl
and worms, also enter into this state
In preparing to hibernate, animals seel
secluded ana sheltered nooks, or burrow
in the dry ground or in mud, or concea
themselves in moss or beneatb the bar!
of trees. There they fall into a sleep
either uninterrupted or interrupted bj
intervals of activity, which endure;
more or less according to latitude and
consequent length of winter. Durini
this sleep the body-heatof warm-blooded
animals falls greatly, as respiration anc
circulation take place very gently and
slowly. The nutrition of the body i?
also affected very slowly, the fal
of the body (generally considerable
at the commencement of hibernation)
being used up in the process,
unless occasional awaking has
given an opportunity for feeding. An
anuuai punou 01 repose, huhiojjous mj
hibernation, also takes place during the
dry season in many tropicai animals?
as in many reptiles, frogs ard fishes.
The tanrec, of Madagascar, which has a
superficial resemblance to the hedgehog,
also resembles it as to its anuuai torpor,
and certain lemuroids which inhabit the
same island, seem also to prepare for the
torpor of the dry season by storing up
a quantity of fat in their tails, which it
is alleged, disapp< ars by the time the
period of activity has returned. Parallel
with the periodic repose of animals
is the winter inactivity of many plants,
which (in temperate latitudes such as
our own) drop their leaves, or if herbs,
die down to shoot for^h again with the
advent of spring. During this time the
sap retreats from the surface, and the
processes of life come almost to a standstill,
to be renewed with a rapidity and
suddenness not inaptly termed a " burst
of vegetation," at a period which varies
according to the species. The an
nual torpor of animals is a prolongation
for weeks or lor months of that process,
so familiar, yet so mysterious, called
sleep. During it the functions of life
are slackened in their operations, and
the refreshment which sleep produces is
not due to any accelerated nutrition,
but to a temporary cessation of the wear
and tear of activity.
The immediate cause of sleep is not
yet satisfactorily known. It is intimately
connected with some condition
of the nervous centers, and it has been
supposed that its immediate cause was
a diminished quantity of blood in the
brain; but as yet this view has not been
adequately supported by facts. During
sleep tae limbs are generally relaxed,
and the position assumed by the body
is often that which the embryo had
taken before birth. The nervous centers
are also more or less completely cut oft
from external influences, the avenues of
special sense being more or less obstructed
by the position assumed by the
body, by the closure of the eyelids, etc.
Not only is this the case, but the'very
stimuli received fail to excite response
unless they are of much more than
ordinary intensity. Indeed, when exhaustion
has been very great, and sleep
4-Wvs. I,*
1UU? UUICIICU, tIJC Sl/llHUXl ?U C VVCIJC33,
and the access of sleep becomes irresistible?as
when Daraiens slept on the rack.
Ordinarily, the advent ot darkness is
the signal for sleep, but in nocturnal
animals the period of daily repose is inverted.
As the process of refreshment,
induced by sleep, becomes more and
more perfected, a" slighter and slighter
stimulus is alone needed to awaken the
sleeper, till, at last, the mere changes of
organic life suffice to arouse the nervous
centers to their wonted activity
But although these centers are, during
sleep, more or less deprived of commerce
with the internal world, they
still maintain a certain activity, as
is evidenced by dreams which often
elicit sound and slisrht movements
even in the lower animals as well as in
ourselves. It may, indeed, be that we
always dream when asleep, though our
dreams are general'y forgotten immediately
on awakening. This question cannot
be absolutely determined, though
on the whole it seems more probable
that it is only in imperfect sleep that we
dream. That our nervous centers are
not entirely cut off from the external
world is proved by our dreams being
often influenced by sounds, smells or
touches. Indeed, a very active commerce
with the external world must
take place n the abnormal sleep
of tlie sleep-walker, who may so
wonderfully adjust his movements
to varied conditions around him. A
mere local lethargy occurs in hypnotism,
when the patient not only sees,
hears and feels, but replies to'questions
and exercises hi3 imagination in response
to suggestions in the greatest
readiness, while remaining utterly
paralyzed as regards his voluntary
actions. Plants, since they have no
nervous system, can have nothing
really similar to the sleep of animals,
yet many plants assume special positions
as to the parts of their frame with
the approach of night. Foliage leaves
will fold themselves, and flowers will
close, movements which as yet receive
no adequate explanation. -Contemporary
Review.
Warmth and Energy.
In ancient times, energy of mind and
strength of body were supposed to be
the effects of warmth, while depression
of spirits and bodily weakness were as
cribed to cold. Modem science h:.s
explained and modified these theories
concerning the production of physical
and psychical force, but in the main it
has conlirmed the principle of causation.
In a general sense, it may be said
that animal heat, when duly generated
within normal limits, is the concomitant
oi vigor. Practically, therefore,warmth
is to be sought and cold avoided; but
with this qualification, that the heat
must be elicited by organic processes
going on in thebod>, and not borrowed
from without. The chief, if not the
only use of wraps and warm surroundings
is to avoid the loss of animal heat
by abstraction. It is neither scientific
nor hygienic, in any true sense, to trust
to external sources of supply for the
warmth we require to live well, happily
and usefully. The food is more than
the raiment, and those who desire, to
help the poor and melancholy over their
"dead points" in the course of life
should be chiefly anxious to feed them
well and sufficiently. So in the management
of self?to live well is to feed
appropriately. Stimulants do not give
strength, because they cannot add to the
normal :.nd healthy sources of animal
heat. Nutriment ia the only true fuel.
A Man 130 Years Old.
A letter from Lafayette, Ind., says:
Trot out your old men; Lafayette bids
them all defiance. Residing in the eastern
part of this city is Matthew Robinson,
a son of the Emerald Isle, who
claims that he was born under the reign
of George III.; that his grandfather
lived on this mundane sphere 145 years;
and that he himself has knocked about
the world for 130 years. Looking at him
to-day. one would set him down in the
nineties, with fair prospects lor twenty
years more. He insists, however,
that he is fully a century and a
quarter old; that he took the first
1 A. * U U T 1 i. /XT V \
Dutu uiruugii Lue lAicKporb ^i>. i.j
locks; that he went to sea at thirty
years of age, and followed that avoca
tion for fifty years: and for forty-three
years he ran on the Erie canal. He
lives here with hi* son, one of our most
worthy citizens. The old gentleman is
six leet and over in height, and was
eighty years his average weight was
23l> pounds, though at present it is less
that half that. He never wore spectacles,
never carried n cane or crutch, and
was never flick.
TIMELY TOPICS,
ft ??
I The fifteen great American inventions
3 of world-wide adoption are: 1. The
I cotton gin. 2. The planing machine.
3. The grass mower and reaper. 4. The
I rotary printing Dress. 5. Navigation by
^ steam. 6. The hot air engine. 7. The
3 sewing machine. 8. The India rubber
1 industry. 9. The machine manufacture
of horseshoes. 10. The sand blast for
I carving. 11. The gauge lathe. 12. The
r grain elevator. 13. Artificial ice mak1
lag on a large scale. 14. Th** electric
: magnet and its practical application.
15. The composing machine for print|
ers. A sixteenth must be added?the
, telephone.
1 A Nihilist trial in Kieff has resulted
[ in a number of revelations concerning
I the way the Russian revolutionists go to
[ work. The accused, who has been conj
demned to death, one Arsaynee Bogos
lavsky, the son of a clergyman, was
> charged with an attempt to rob a mail
! van and to appropriate the cash box of
. a regiment of infantry, with manufac,
turing explosive materials, with murJ
? ?
^ Ut;rill? lb IC1IU W tlUUiailOU) AVUIliVU) uuu
, with dwelling in Kieff with a false pass,
port. The murder of Kuriioff. one of
! their own, was decided upon because
he was'believed to have been betraying
his friends. He was fallen upon by
the latter and shot, and his body was
flung into the Dnieper. According to
, one of the witnesses, an ex-Nihilist, the
chief of their association is invested
with the right of life and death over
the members. For the first case of disobedience,
corporal punishment is the
penalty; for the second, death. According
to the same and another exNihilist,
one of their fellow membeis
had been the son of a prince.
Some figures on tlie magnitude of the
Bessemer steel interest of the United
States will not prove uninteresting.
This industry was projected in 1864, and
I in the following year the first steel rails
made in America were rolled at Chicago
by Captain E. R. Ward. There are at
present in the United States eleven important
establishments?five in Pennsylvania,
three in Illinois and one in
each of the States of New York, Ohio
and Missouri. Productions has steadily
increased, until, in 1879, the number of
gross tons manufactured reached a total
of 606,397, and the price has as steadily
decreased from $166 per ton currency, in
1867, to $48.33 per ton in the year just
expired. In the last ten years, and in
the experimental years which preceded
them, the United States has produced a
grand aggregate of 2,522,107 gross tons
of rails" enough to lay 26,750 miles of
railwav track with sixty-pound rails.
According to the highest authority recognized
in the trade, no other country
has in these ten years made half the
progress in building up a Bessemer steel
in/lnofrt? tl>of fhfl TTnifr_Orl llQL
lUViUOUl J bUWV VliV WMtvuM MVHVW itinj
made. American industry is to-day
abreast of that of Great Britain, of which
the present producing capacity does not
exceed 750,000 gross tons of rails annually,
and it is predicted that before this
year closes the United States wiil take
the first rank in this branch of manufactures.
Several American residents of Yokohama,
Japan, have sent to their home
friends accounts in detail of the recent
earthquake at that place. One of these
accounts has reached the Baltimore
Sim. The writer says that on fhe
morning of the earthquake the first
shock caused him to turn over in bed
merely, aa he attributed the commotion
to some lesser cause. At the next shock
the noise was awful (the word being
armoo Knf. in I
UOCU UUU ill VUV DUUVVl'^lli kJV iWV y lyuw M*Jk
its meaning, "lull of awe.") At daybreak
he found both the chimneys that
belonged to his house were gone. Other
chimneys were hanging by the edges of
ioose stones, and looked *s though they
might have been Bhoved over with the
little finger. Many of the houses were
cracked from cellar to ridge. The
writer continues: How strong this
earthquake was one caii see by looking
at heavy pianos,which have in some instances
been moved three feet away
from the wall into the room. It was by
far the strongest shock I have felt so
far, and off the bluff there is scarcely a
house which has escaped damage altogether.
All the ladies declare that they
are going to leave this country by the
first mail steamer, and I feel sure that
?211 ?? * f wn f ATCAfKar
suLLie win reujijr ^un nc ?uv ?uuuiu
shake like this last one, which God forbid.
I have had enough earthquakes
and do not wish for any more.
Whence the House of Washington Derived
its Name.
While every American has heard of
Mount Vernon, probably not one in a
hundred knows whence it derived the
name. The unfortunate Duke of Monmouth
had a private secretary named
Vernon, a prudent, sensible man of business,
who, after the duke's death, found
favor in influential quarters, and under
William III. became secretary of state.
He left a son, Edward, born 1684, who,
greatly against his father's wishes, en
tered the navy, and serving with early
distinclion, rose to the rank of admiral.
In 172*2 he was returned to the house of
commons, and having in July, 1739, declared
there that Porto Bello might be
reduced with six sail of the line, and
that he would stake his life and reputation
on the success of the expedition, |
he was sent off with a squadron to doit,
succeeded, and gave his men $10,000,
which had justarrived to pay his troops.;
On returning home he received the
tlianksof both houses and the freedom of
the city of London. From t&at time, i
however, his star declined. An expedition
to Carthagena.made twoyears later
signally failed, bmollett. at that time
a naval sursjeon, accompanied the fleet,
ana nas iota tne story 01 it in nuuerick
Random." where he compares
Vernon and General Wentworth, wbo
commanded the auxiliary land force,
to Caesar and Pompey. "The one," he
says, " would not brook a superior,
while the other was impatient of an
equal: so that between the pride of one
and the insolence of another the enterprise
miscarried." It wa9 in the land
force at Carthagena that Lawrence
Washington, George's elder brother by
fourteen years, had served, and apparently
he esteemed Vernon, as he gave
his name to his home on the Potomac,
and procured a midshipman's appoint?
? 4- c? u.,4. i,
uieut tin urcurgc, uuu uir? muuiu a interposition
ultimately prevented the
boy's availing himself of it, albeit sne
at first consented. Vernon's popularity
was so great that his unlucky
expedition does not seem to have
affected it, and he was actually
elected to parliament for three
places at once on his return. Probably
his known hostility to the government
had much to do with this. In 1745 he
was detailed to watch the North sea, in
view of a movement of the pretender's
adherents. The next year a serious
squabble arose between him and the
government, resulting in his producing
two pamphlets, which so exasperated
the authorities that by the king's express
command he was struck off the
list of admirals. He died in 1757, at his
seaun ouuoik. ann, noiwiwisuinuing ins
disgrace, a handsome monumti.l r,o him
was erected in Westminster abbe? It
was Vernon who brought into use the
custom of mixing water with the ration
of rum, whicli got the name of erog
from his habit of wearing a grogam
waistcoat, and hence .his nickname of
"Old Grog." Altogether, the man who
invented grog, is buried n Westminster
abbey, commemorated by Smollett, and
gave a name to Washington's home,
must Vregarded as no ordinary person.'
Canada's timber supply is being heavily
drawn upon, the present season's
yield being estimated at 1,064,000,000
feet.
ARCTIC INDIANS.
Some of the Quier People Visited by IVordenakjold.
tbe Explorer.
The natives inhabiting the coast ot
Siberia, between Cape Shelagskoi and |
the southern part of Behring strait, are
called Tchuktchis. Their number is
estimated to be about three thousand, i
including a nomadic tribe called the
Rein-Tchuktchis. who subsist by keep- ing
reindeer herds. These form a link ]
between their brethren on the coast and (
the inland tribes o i Siberia, to the latter j
of whom they dispose of their goods, i
consisting of seal and walrus hides, j
walrus teeth, etc., which they receive t
from the country population in ex- |
change for reindeer hides. I
The coast population live in villages j
numbering from three to twenty tents, f
spread along the coast as near the shore }
as possible, and at a few miles' distance ,
from each other. \
The Tchuktchis are divided into two ,
sections, each with its respective chief. ]
The eastern population have for their f
chief Menka, who resides at Markowa ?
on the Anadyr river. The western,
again, are under the chief Amra Urgin,
who resides in the vicinity of Kolyma ]
iver. I
The tent of the coast Tchuktchis con- |
sists of a neculiar and cleaverly con- 1
structed frame of wood, the material
for which is obtained from drift-logs,
with which the shore is plentifully
strewed. This is covered with a number
of seal and waltus hides carefully
sewn together. Inside the tent, and
right before the entrance is a smaller
cubiform tent, made of reindeer-stins,
and used as the sleeping chamber. During
the cold season ,it is heated by
blubber lamps. Even during severe
cold the atmosphere within this tent is
so heated that the natives who occupy
it, without distinction of sex or age, lie
almost nude. The dimensions of the
tent depend upon the number of the
family. In each tent generally dwells
only one family, in which are included
the sisters and brothers of the married
aammIa 4- K AT* anfflrt f/\t? fliam.
UUUJJAC UUIU^C bUUV Otl/HC A\Jk VUViu j
selves. (
The Tchuktchis, the children of na- .
ture in the Arctic regions, fostered \
among ice, snow and cold, familiarized
with bloody scenes in the seal, whale |
and walrus hunt, without any of the influences
of civilization, are, notwithstanding,
a good-natured, friendly, hospitable
and hoaest people. J
Although the Vega during the long *
winter was daily vfsited by at least .
twenty natives, it was only on two or 1
three occasions that they were found c
guilty of dishonestly appropriating any- 8
tiling, and these thefts were of the most ?
trifling description.
The Tchuktchis are a people of small T
stature, although among raaqimay be ?
found perfect giants; as, for instance, a ]
woman whom we saw six feet three J
inches tall. Their complexion is sal- 1
low, the men's being usually darker than ^
that of the women. Occasionally, how- *
ever, one may see, especially amon? the 1
women, a complexion as fair and clear 1
as that of the inhabitants of Northern J
Europe. The eyes are black, and often 1
set oblique like the Chinese. The hair, J
which is coal black, is worn by the men 1
cut quite short; while the women allow 5
it to grow quite lreeiv, part it in tne *
middle of the brow, and wear it in plaits ]
of twelve to eighteen inches lone, which J
hang down at each ear. They also wear I
a lock combed down and cut across '
which covers half the forehead. The A
men also use a similar lock, and some- *
times a long tuft at the crown of the 1
head. This tuft is worn, so tar as I }
could learn, only by chiefs. '
Their clothing is mads principally of
reindeer skin, and consists of a pesk or 9
1 blouse reaching to the knees, with an t
opening at the top just sufficient for the
head to pass through. In addition the J
men have tiffht fitting trousers of rein- 1
deer sKin, which are tucked down into
boots of the same material, the latter
with soles of walrus hide. The women
also .wear trousers, but those are wide, t
ending immediately below the knee,
where they are similarly tucked into the t
boots. *
in the outer clothing the hairy side of f
the skin is always to the exterior, but, i
on the contrary, the hairy side of those i
articles worn next the body during the r
cold season is turned inward. A close- t
fitting hood of reindeer-skin and mittens o
oi the same material completes their 13
dress. In this costume they defy any
kind of weather. Often so clad, night
after night, even in the most severe
cold, they pursue their seal fishing 1
miles away from the shore without any t
other protection from the icy winds. c
The weapons of the Tchuktchis con- s
sist of a bow and arrows, a spear? t
which, like the arrows, has a point of r
iron or of bone?a knife and a kind of 1
sling used for catching birds. The iron t
for the arrow and spear heads is ob- a
tained from the Americans and Russians c
by their bartering transactions. They a
themselves have no iron at their com- \
mand nor any knowledge of its work- p
ing. To their hunting implements be- g
lr?na t.hft qpjilinff-net. made of finelv cut V
strips of sealhide, netted with a three
inch mesh. With these the young seals ?
are caueht. The net is extended be- r
tween two blocks of ice, and the seals r
get entangled in its meshes, and so be- r
come an easy prey to the hunters. c
The principal food of the natives con- J
sists of seal-fish and blubber, in addi- j
tion to whicu they use, feathered game, j
bear and reindeer flesh, when such can a
be obtained. The roots of certain shore s
plants, also willow, leaves, ranunculus, ]
and saxifrage, etc., enter pretty largely 8
into their diet. The leaves are col- r
lected in the latter end of summer, (
pressed, and consumed during the win- ]
ter; and in these they are provided {
with a powerful anti-scorbutic. During x
the winter, when getting short of otheV s
provisions, the bon?s of seals and wal- t
ruses caught during summer are
crushed, and prepared in the form of a ]
broth soup, which is consumed by both ]
men and does. Of the latter there are j
a great number in every village, which \
are chiefly employed in conveying tneir j
owners by sleage from one place to another.
Although these does are not' T
large, three or four of them can with
ease carry a man lone distances. When f]
the Tchuktchis undertakes long journeys
of three to five hundred miles, he often
has as manv as eiehteen does harnessed
to his sledge, with which he is able to j
accomplish seventy to eighty miles a
day.
During the first half oi the winter we ]
were daily visited by twenty to thirty '
natives, who got any food the crew !
might have lelt. Beside this they re- !
ceived a considerable quantity ol bread
Irom the ship's stores. They made themselves
useful in several small ways, such J
as sawing wood, carrying ice, etc. la :
the beginning of February, when their '
provisions began to run short, they all 1
removed from'Pitlekai (the nei'.resi village
to us) to another village further '
east, called Naskai, where they raised
temporary tents, and carried on seal- J
fishing in the open water to be found in i
the vicinity. About this time the na- 1
1 1 -ii : I
livesmaae:i gran, unui,uimwing lu unuu
tent twenty-five to fifty young seals.
Beside seals, they got in the same vicinity
a pood catch of a fish resembling cod.
?Lieutenant, Palandcr's Narrative, in
Blackwood's Magazine.
" Sir," roared a man out in Nebraska,
striding up to a neighbor, " Sir, you are ;
a liar." " i am?" exclaimed the aston- \
ish::d neighbor. " How do you know I '
am?" "Because I know it; because I
have found it out." " How long have .
you been living here P" "Sixw^eks." 1
Neighbor, tranquilly, nodding his head; '
"Oh, well probably you do know it !
then. I didn't think you had? been in
town so long." There was no fight.
? ,
A mania for clocks :n the streets has
seized upon the municipality of Paris,
and a large number have already been i
erected. The clocks are illuminated i
ones. i
A Lady's Strange Occupation.
The Cincinnati Commercial has this
description of Misa Middy Morgan, an
Irish lady ot noble family, who, after
having shone in Irish and Italian society,
came to this country and assumed
the position of live stock reporter (or a
leading New York daily paper. She was
always a lover of horses, and in Italy
wasaemployed by King Victor Emanuel
to purchase horses for his stable,
her judgment of animals being so excellent.
"When she first applied for
her singular position she was allowed
by the editors to try the work, for a
joke, but she did so well that they
?oon found it worth while to employ
tier in earnest. She is an immensely
t?\ll woman, six feet two inches in
height. Miss Morgan wore, when I
saw her, a lanky waterprool dress
reaching to her ankles. She wore a
jheap black straw hat, " pitched onto "
4ie ohuk oi ner neaa. ic dUiiea ner,
md it was nobody else's business.
Her shoulders are broad and square,
md she does not mince matters when
ihe walks. She jumps on and off a car
when in full motion when she feels like
it. Tbose accustomed to the ordinary
lelplessness of the female sex in the matter
of locomotion are somewhat startled
jy her methods. They aay she
looks like a man dressed In woman's
slothes. She has not a relative
n this country, but has made
iome warm friends. All the cattle
narket people know her and esteem
ler, as she goes here and there, from
jne yard to another. Universal reipect
and deference are shown to her.
rhere is something very impressive
ind strange in the way she moves
ibout among the wild Texas cattle
ind scarcely less wild cattle drovers,
ind commands as much respect as
my lady in a drawing room. They
lay that no matter how crazy drunk any
>ne of these drovers m*y be, he never
ails to recognize Middy Morgan, and
;reat her like a lady. What made this
ady refined, gifted, brilliant, a favorite
n the highest circles of society in Eu epe,
suddenly turn her back on it all to
:ross the sea and become a market resorter
among the cattle pens of the new
vorld, nobody knows.
low Grant Got His West Point Appointment.
An Ohio member of Congress says
hat General Grant once gave him the
ollowing account of his admission to
fVest Point: When I was a boy, living
n Georgetown, 111., my mother ran
>ut of butter one morning, and needing
ome before it coula be had at the store,
ihe sent over to the next door neighjor's
to borrow some. I was just as
veil acquainted there as I was at home
ilmost, and opened the door and went
n without knocking, and just as I went
none of the folks, the old gentleman, I
>elieve, was reading a letter from a son
vho was in West Point. I didn't want
rx /liafnvVh f AtYl TXrVlllo fVlOTT TKTOVO
I\J UJObUt u buvrn ?? MilV ruvj *r v* v * vuv?ng
the letter, and stood there and heard
vliat was read. Well, the sun said in
bis letter that he had been found?that
s, he had failed to pass examination,
ind he would have to come-home, and
ie had sent the letter one mail ahead,
o that the surprise at his return might
lot be so great. When they got through
t borrowed the butter and took it
lome, and then rushed down to Thomas
j. Hamar's office?he was our Congressman
then?and I asked him if he
wouldn't send me to West Point. He
old me that he couldn't send me until
his other boy got through, and that
vouldn't be for three years yet. *' But,
lamar," said I, "suppose this boy
ihould fail to pass examination, and
hould be sent home, will you send me
hen ?"
"Well, Uly," said he, "Iguessifhe
sin't pass tbere'd be no use of you trying
t."
"But I want you to promise that you
vill send me," said I.
" All rieht,"said he, "if he can't get
hrough I promise to let you try."
During the day Hamar heard about
he other fellow, and the next day I
vent and asked 11 ne uaa neara me
lews. He said he had, and after laughug
at me for the way I had got him to
ake the promise, ne said it was all
ight, I should go. Well, I went, and
iccause my mother happened to be out
if butter has made me general of the
irmy of the United States.
A Carnival Freak.
Among the strange freaks of the last
Viennese carnival has been the adopion
by several of the leading beauties
if imitation feet and sandals, as acces-1
ories to mythological or classical cosumes.
Having indued flesh-colored
oaillots provided with th'n soles, these
adies committed their delicate extremiies
to the manipulation of the skilled
irtists, who deftly painted thereupon
:ounterfeit presentments of toes, sandals
ind laces, all complete. The pretty
vife of an eminent Viennese historical
lainter had chosen the dress of a water
prito wherein to attend the " G'schnas
>all," and solicited her husband's aid to
make up" her ieet in the manner
ibove indicated. He consented; but
lot wishing to enhance his wife's
ifttnral charms bv adventitious
neans, he put off the foot-painting
>peration until the last moment. When,
lowever, the carriage was at the door,
md the water sprite's toilet completed
n all respects but one, he seized brush
tnd palette, and addressed himself,
eemingly in feverish haste, to his task,
lurrying his wife off to the ball as soon
ls her mimic feet were ready, without
jiving her time to inspect them. On
'ntering the gayly-lighted ball-room the
ady cast a hasty glance at her husmnd's
artistic achievements. Her horor
may be better imagined than deicribed
when she perceived that the
)ink silk tights in which her dainty feel
vere imprisoned had been admirably iluminated
by his master hand with nor ible
representations of chilblains, bunons
and inveterate corns, only too true
;o nature. That night she danced not,
jut sat in a corner, hiding her trarestied
feet under her chair as best she
night.
rhe Great Tnnuel Voder the Alps.
The report of the Swiss federal coun;il
about the St. Gothard tunnel gives
tome interesting particulars with regard
;o the completion of the work.
The average number of men employed
n the tunnel during the last month was
2,814, and tne total expenditure up to
;he date when the parties working from
:he two ends joined hands was $9,125,395.
The quantity oi eartn nna rocs excavated
was about 570,000 cubic yards,
md the masonry of the arch of the tuniel
was completed for a distance of
seven miles out ot the mine.
The pressure of the air at the northern
mouth ot the tunnol was equivalent to
3? atmospheres, while at the southern
?nd it was equivalent to only 3A atmospheres.
The volume of air introduced
into the tunnel every day was 187,584
cubic yards, and the mean temperature
it the head of the shaft on the (roschenen
side was eighty-six degrees Fahrenheit,
and eighty-four degrees on the
Airolo side, rising to as much as eightyseven
degrees during the removal of the
soil excavated. The highest temperalure
upon eithor side of the tunnel wns
ninety-lour degrees Jtanrenneit, ana tins
nt a time when the thermometer outside
stood at only three degrees above freezing
poiiit.
The average number of lamps alight
in the tunnel was about 750 a day, and
the daily consumption of oil was about
jeventy gallons.
It may be added that about eighty
men lost their lives, and twice as many
more received severe injuries, while
Llic work was in progress.
A Dakota girl has married a Chinaman.
He had some dillieulty in explaining
the state of his he irt. but she tinally
irot his cue.
Leap Tear.
The American Agriculturist gives the
followJrg account of why leap year
cornea once in four years: The earth
moves around the sun once a year, as
you all have learned from your geography.
The time required for the earth
to pass around and return to the place
from which it started is called a solar
or sun year?the year made by tbe
heavenly bodies. In olden times men
did not know that the earth moved
around the sun. If there was any moving
it was donejby the sun,they thought;
ana it did seem to move. To this day
we all say the sun rises and sets? Knowing
so little about the revolutions of the
earth, it was very hard for men to arrange
the divisions of time so that they
would correspond with the solar year.
The civil year is the one made by man,
and, like many human things, it was at
first very imperfect?that is, the civil
year ana solar year did not correspond
very closely. In the time of Julius
Cfflsar, the two kinds of years had got
so out of place that the spring of the
civil year came in midsummer. To use
an illustration, we will have two cog
wheels that work into each other. If
both wheels are in all respects alike,
the places will alwayB come together at
each revolution; but suppose one wheel
is a trifle smaller than the other, the
wheel representing the civil year smaller
iU* i-Us*
biiau me uuc ui tuc auiai vctu, men aujr
points once together will keep getting
further apart. This was just the trouble
between man's year and the natural
year. Caesar rearranged the civil year
in 46 before Christ, and introduced the
system having three years of 365 days
and then one of 366?the additional day
being giving to February. The solar
year is 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and
?Q1 omw?Ho an lhaf PaMor'a natty nf
days, averaging the four, is about eleven
minutes too long. The point is to get e
these two years, the year of the heavens
which we cannot alter, and the year oi e
the almanacs, to agree. Matters went
on as they had been started by Julius S
Cfiesar, with a loss of eleven minutes a g
year, until 1582, over 1,600 years, when
it became evident that the little yearly 8l
loss was too great and must be remedied. 0
How could this be done, was the question.
At this time a pope took tbe mat- -r
ter up?it was a time when popes had *
^reat temporal power?and decreed that 5
the filth of October be called the 15th, .
and all the intervening days to be can- e
celed. This only set matters right for 81
the time being, but the same pope, e
Gregory XIII., made it a rule that the
century years not divisible by eight be e
not leap years, according to the new e
rule. This omits three leap years in \
every 400years. With this arrangement
the civil and solar years almost coincide, h
the solar exceeding by only twenty-two a
and one-quarter seconds, or a day i
in about 4,000 years?a matter too small
to need attention. _
Those who have followed us through, t
and we iear 11 lias oeen raiuer uiy iur
the younger readers, will see that it has
been quite a hard matter to bring things
around straight. The leap year comes a
from the fact that there is a fraction of a
a day in the solar year which it would 1
not be convenient to have in thejcivil, ?
so we put enough of the fractions to- c
gether to make a day, and have the
extra one on the leap year, o ( very c
fourth year. ?
v
?
r
Milk and Lime Water.
Milk and lime water are now fre- c
quently prescribed by physicians in cases e
of dyspepsia and weakness of the stomach,
and in some cases are said to prove I
very Deneuciai. jviany persons wno t
think good bread and milk a fjreat luxury,
frpquently hesitate to eat it for the t
reason that the milk will not digest t
readily; sourness of the stomach will s
often follow. But experience proves, .
says the Journal of Materia Mcdica, that jlime
wa(er and milk are not only firod ^
and medicine at an early period of life, r
but also at a later, -when, as in case of ^
in/ants, the functions of digestion and
assimilation are leeble and easily pei*- \
verted. A stomach taxed by gluttony,
irritated by improper food, inflamed by I
alcohol, enfeebled by disease, or otherwise
unfitted for its duties?as is shown I
by the various symptoms attendant
upon indigestion, dyspepsia, diarrhea,
dysentery and fever?will resume its
work, and do it energetically, on an s
exclusive diet of bread and milk and t
lime water. -A goblet of cow's milk j
| may have four tablespoonfula of lime t
water added to it with good effect. The k
way to make lime water is simply to i
! procure a few lumps of unslaked, lime, s
put the lime in a stone jar, and add watpr t
until tbo lime is slaked and of about the *
consistence of thin cr4am; the lime set- i:
ties, leaviug the pure and clean lime t
water on the top. c
s
)
" Stringy" Cabbage.
~ ? ? ! A f
IjKOl'gU waa tiua?iijjaui,i? luuv ui 3
cold cabbage, and one day, seeing quite t
a dishful was left after dinner, asked his I
wife to save it for his salad at night.
1 About midnight George came home,
laboring under a stress of heavy
weather. Feeling hungry, and thinking
of his favorite cabbage, he asked t
where it was. ' t
His wife replied, " In the pantry, on (
the second snelf." 1
' Down he went, found the cabbage, 1
got out the oil, mustard and vinegar, a
cut up the cabbage, dressed it to his 1
taste and ate it all. ... 1
In the morning his wife noticed the r
plate of cabbago where she had put it J
the day before, and turning to her s
"Dear George" innocently asked why i
he did not eat the cabbage. i
" I did," he said. 1
' How did you like it?" f
" Oh! not very well, it was tough and t
stringy." 1
" But here is the cabbage now, where 1
did you lind any more?" i
"Why, on the second shelf, where i
you told me." 1
A quick look at the shell by the wife i
and then a cry of agony. *
" Why, George, you have eaten $20 t
worth of lace collars and cuffs that 1 '
had put in starch; stringy cabbage, in- 1
deed!" j
Andrew Jackson's Way. '
Andrew Jackson's peculiar liking and
* U/v*.;*-*.* mon ianiptnrPQnilPlv
reaper iui iawim6
shown by a story related in the Nash- .
ville Banner. John Crver, a mason,
was on several occasions engaged to
build chimneys at the Hermitng<\ and .
while at work often observed the most
retined and wealthy people of Nashville
coming to visit the generaland his wife.
The good mason, having more or less
mortar ornamenting his clothes, would (
say to Jackson that lie "would not go
j to the first table to eat"?that he " was
I not tit to appear ii such elegant company."
The general always replied:
"You must go to the first table, sir; a ,
laboring man ought to be as highly (
honored as any man in the community,
for the support of the world depends on ,
their labor. I will see that you arr>|(
treated with proper respect at my table." |,
Cryer, frequently laughing, said he had .
been more honored than any man in the
world, for President Jackson had fro- 1
quently waited on him and brought him .
! brick and mortar, when his regular at- j
j t?ndynt was out of the way.
? i
j <
j One of the English election phrases for j
l which there is no equivalent in the i
United States is "plumping." Where I
ever ;i constituency returns two mem- r
hers, t'lu-li voter can eive one vote each s
to any two candidaus, (?ut lie ran no t
f ive his two votes to any one candidate. j
f he chooses he can sri ve one vote to only t
I one candidate, and this is termed c
| "plumping." 1
Castles In the Air.
I am lair with the Hush ot girlhood
My heart ia as light as air,
My future is brilliant with promise
01 days which will hold no core.
I am clothed in aiUw and satiua,
The belle'of the ballroom I,
While enviou* eyea are watching
As haughtily 1 pass by.
I am traveling in far-off countries,
Idling 'neath Italy's skies,
Enchanted with scenes that delight mo
Whero'er I may turn my eyea.
1 have suitors?yea, by the dozen?
Kneeling so low at my feet, While
pride in my heart runs riot,
And the sense of triumph is sweet
I am queen in a lordly castle,
With servants at my command,
And ease and comfort and pleasure
(Jlone wittun reacn 01 my nana.
Lo ! the flre has burned to embers,
The room is chilly and dark,
There's a well-known step at the doorway/
For John is coming; and, hark !
The coo of my own dear baby,
Lying awake in her nest.
And we welcome papa together,
I and the child on my breast;
For though my castle* have lallen,
And grandeur has vanished away,
No queen oould be prouder or richer
Than I with my dear ones to-day.
? Earptr't Wttkly.
STEMS OF CTTEKEST.
A aha?ra?f Tkfl Anlf qIvam?m
A VUUCUU CVCUU J.UO vuu oui^auu*
There are sixty-seven Women preach
rs in the United States.
The slovenly dressmaker is the most
rrible seam mtonster. the ladies think.
Amateur fishermen in the United
tates pay 31,000,000 a year for tiahing
ear.
In Macon, Ga., there are fourteen
tihools for white and fourteen for colred
children.
The daily receipt of dead letters in the
Vashington department for the past
far has averaged 13,000.
The population of Persia is about
qual to that of Belgium. It has 30.000
oldiers, of whom about 10,000 are fairly
fficient. v ...
Over 1,800,000 gallons of petroleum or
arth oil, are brought to the surface
very day in the oil regions of Pennsylvania
alone.
If the Czar of Russia cannot punish
tis enemies in any other way, he can
.bdicate and go on a lecturing tour.?
lome Sentinel. ,
Apricots are becoming a favorite fruit,
mong the growers of California, where ,
he climate seems to be well adapted for
heir propagation.
When a man is startled at something,
.nd says: " I hear a noi'e," it prob.blv
never occurs to him that there is
lotting else in this wide world that*
inyboay else can hear but a noise.?
Syracuse Sunday Times.
A man in Marshal: county, Tcnn. , ,
>ver eighty years oi age, has never sope.
lither a railroad or a steamboat. He is'
l good farmer and attends closely to his
>wn business. lie has lived within fivoi
niles of a railroad for seveiral years. ?
The wheat crop of Russia for 1879,
hough reported short, was more than
I jubie that of the United States Russia
exports largo quantities to England,
vhere she is the great competitor of the
Jnited States, besides feeding a popu.aion
of ninety millions.
A man stopping his paper wrote to
he editor1 thinTc men ottend to spend
heir munny for paper, my dad dident,
ind everybody sed he was the intelii-,
jentest man in the country, aud he had
he smartest family of boys that ever
lug tators." Of course he didn't need a
taper.
Vben the conrting at midnight is ended,
And he stands with his hat in his list,
Vhiie she lovingly lingers beside him,
To bid him " ta, ta," and be kissed,
low busy the thoughts of the lutars?
You bet yon his thoughts he don't speak?
le is wondering how they can manage ,
To live on six dollars a areek.
?Modern Argo.
He was of a scientific turn, she of a
entimental cast. "You see, Amelia,
he law of gravitation keeps the earth
list so far from the sun all the time, and
he centrifugal force of the centripetal
nrttinn.orsomethinztjf that sort, makes
t revolve." "Dear me, John," said
he,'4 is that so? I thought 'twas love
hat made the world go round. '
'Well, yes, I suppose it does; but not
n a technical sense." "I don't want any
echnical sense. If you can't talk senti-.
aental nonsense, you can go calling on
ome girl that reads the magazines and
:nows all about science, so there!" and
t took half an hour of his best enieavor
to place himself back in the.
ame spot in her affections that he wad
tefore the scientific discussion began.?
Vew Haven Register
About Alaska.
Alaska covers a territory as large as
bat part of the United States east of
he Mississippi river and north of
Georgia, Alabama and North Carolina.
Che northern and central sections are
argely prairies, on which grows heavy
rrass which makes excellent hay.
Chere are in the territory about 1,800
nen who would be capable immediately
>f exercising the rights of citizenship.
>itka has a white male population of
ibout 600 and about 300 mn'.e adult
Russians. The Russian church has a
nembership ot 8,000 in the territory.
The Yukon river is said to have
i larger volume of water than
,he Mississippi. It is seventy miles
vide across its five mouths and intervening
delta, and 1,000 miles above its
mouth it is, in some places, twenty
nlles from main bank to main bank,
[t is navigable for 1,500 miles live
nonths in the year for light draught
steamers. In the northern pirt of tlie
;erritory it is cold in the winter and hot
,n summer, the thermometer ranging .
from seventy degrees below zero to 110
ibove: but in the southern section the
winter temperature is about the same aa
that of the State of Georgia and the
summer temperature about fqual to
Minnesota. There are about 7.000 of
what is called the Aleut population,
who are described as about tin a par, in
ill mattersol education and citizenship,
with the Mexican population received
into citizenship with New Mexico, Arizona
and Texas. The Indian population
is reckoned to be from 30,00'J M.OOO.
The country is absolutely without
government, and there is no protection
tor life or property. The fur interests
of Alaska are the most valuable in the
world, and the fisheries are equally as
valuable. Cod and sa'mon are found in
inexhaustible numbers anil of the finest
kind. Eighteen ve-seis from San Francisco
iast season took 3.00otons of cod
- -? Alool-.I Tfu?
Oil tile COIWL Ui OUUUIUII .1.^,,...
finest snlmon sell in Alaska (or ore cent
each. Then there are the valuable fish
of commerce?herrine. h.?lil>ut ami
others; also oil fisheries, the oulic.m
and others. In the way of minerals,
iron, coal, copper and jjolii are foun<).
The coal is so line that the Russian war
... t?i,? ,*f nrr>fprrnci> to
SLCiiuici's iinyjija r-~
any other. _As to agriculture, out" and
barley growon t?e Yukon river. There
?re fine prairies covered with grass, excellent
for grazing, and which makes
c;ood hay. Vegetables of all kinds are
raised and the country abounds in sinail
fruits, such as blackberries, raspberries,
n-anberries, etc. Under acts of Congress
the United States government
iharges a tax on seal Skins taken in
Vlaska. The total amount paid into the
reasury from such tax since the pur;hase
of Alaska and up to December 31,
879, was $2,847,042.07.
Ill ?MM