The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, May 22, 1878, Image 2

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PC?1'"- i r The Press and Banner. ABBEVILLE, S. C. I] By HUGH WILSON & W. V. BESET, j i Wednesday, May 22,1878. t The Story of ihc Stockadc. The account we publish to-day of a . v- visit to Gen. Bradley and to the stockade j on the Greenwood and Augusta Railroad j will we trust be found interesting to the ( readers of the Press and Banner.; A j _ great many alarming rumors had been 11 uoincr -the rounds of our county tolling! ( O ~ - _ of the needless cruelties Inllicted on the j ( convicts who are working as a chain-gang i, on the new road. It was whispered that j men were sometimes ruthlessly shot, | that whipping was the order of the day,:, that in addition to rifles, pistols and i, whips, the overseers and guards used the ; knife to enforce their barbarous disci-1 ? pline, by sticking it into the fleshy parts' t of the convicts' legs. It was also said f s that the convicts were badly fed, badly j ( housed, badly clad, and in bad health,1 and that as a consequence of their nn-lj cleanliness the third plague of Egypt was I x upon all the inmates of the stockade. J s Without quoting the proverb about tell- i - - j - ---.L ?.?* ing me irum ana so lorm, uut iuhiimicu , s by its sentiment, wo determined to find j. out tlie facts. Our "interviewer'' visited , t Gen. Bradley. The result of tlie inter- j view is in our columns this morning.; "With characteristic urbanity and frank- j, liess be gave all the information desired . of him, and our readers can see for them- \ j solves on how exceedingly small a foun-|t dation of truth the exaggerated rumors j s were based. The discipline enforced is?' precisely that of tho State penitentiary;; tho health 01 the convicts is better tlmn that of our laboring classes; their food is j abundant and wholesome: they are! treated with kindness though with a firm- j t noes which their own mutinous conduct , sometimes makes rigorous. Even those ' who delight in fault-finding can find j nothing reprehensible except in the matter of clothes and perhaps cleanliness; and this is now being remedied. Gen. Bradley deserves great credit fori, the admirable manner in which he has brought his unruly laborers under con- j trol?a control which is as beneficial to | ^ them as it is prof table to him. No doubt the stockade is not a place1 for a negro convict to spend a holiday in. j The criminal classes have for some time j looked upon the State penitentiary as a j1 very good sort of colored man's hotel or;' hospital; and it is natural in them to be i' discontented with this new thingof being ' put to work as a chain-gang. This is not j' the treatment they considered themselves I' entitled to for breaking into the peniten-;' tiary. Instead of being envied by their !' honest but starving fellows, as being!8 those who toiled not neither did they I* spin, and yet Pharaoh's fat kine in all; their plumpness were not as sleek and i i well-fed as one cf those, they find them- J 'j selves toiling and sweating for their!'J bread and bacon just as if tbey were c honest men?not a whit better oil' than if j j they were ploughing or hoeing in thcU field, Hence the complaiuts which are ' the cause of the rumors. The convicts j bewail the reforms which democracy is t introducing into the penitentiary. And'a they look back with wistful eyes to the > J times when the legislature of this State't was so composed, had so much African i blood in its veins, that the instincts of f affinity and consangquinity prevented, v the formation of the chain-gang. The colored people of Abbeville Conn-! c ty are wholesomely impressed by the a? tKo ?Kuin.imnff 5n Aiir onm- ! |IIV9CIIVA) VA HIV ? * vm. vv... | munitv. They see what actual hard; t labor in the penitentiary means. The I moral lesson thus taught is likely to pro- j <luce great good. A ti.p to Columbia' 0and a residence there for several years, I > during which time a man was better fed v than he would have been at home?that ^ k was not so undesirable; it was like going abroad for the good of one's health and ' j not at one's own expense. The returned t convict came home with a certain eclat e as a travelled man, one who had seen j j, men and cities, and as such he lost notlx-1 ^ ing socially. We have changed all that, j j Tho golden age of crime has passed away. | s The negro laborer is at hist learning that t really honesty is the best policy, and that11 a life of honest labor is sweeter than life ^ in the penitentiary. 11 In addition to the information referring, t| to the convicts, the report of the inter-! view gives a most encouraging account j of the progress of the work on the Green-1 wood and Augusta Railroad, as well as! valuable economical suggestions about [ " the construction of railroads. Gen. Brad- \ k". ley's remarks prove him to be a most j ? competent and painstaking president, and when tho road shall be finished, the j E people of Abbeville County will have!1 reason to be proud of the energy, fore- j'' thought, industry, and judicious !p management displayed b\* him. _ _ , f< t< A Strange Case of Circumstantial Ev-j ti idence. Lj "We publish in our columns this morn-; S ing the details of a remarkable Georgia - " murder case in which three men were jei fouud guilty and sentenced to be t hanged. The evidence on which the ver- 1 diet was based was entirely circumstantial and of so complete and convincing a nature that when on appeal the caso was reviewed by the Supreme Court the ac- C /iaii*# lirilikti* vuii ufftptn/vl ! HUil v* hUVs VVUili MV.1V 1? n iw Oi'tt vv.. Link after link of the required chain was ^ furnished by the testimony for the prosecution, until the three prisoners were up- ^ parently entirely surrounded, and if any- J thing lmd been necessary to riuet the ends j j of the encircling chain it seemed to bej^ supplied by the differing and contradicto-' ry statements made by the prisoners themselves, and also by the testimony of j the man opposite whose house the {n murder was committed. That witness ^ swore that he heard the noise of a scuttle, c and cries, when the murder was commit- t I ted, and recognized the well-known voice of Griggs, the town-marshall, one of the J A H thin uoomorl tn elevate theL MVVU^VV* " ! v circumstantial evidence into the region of c direct evidence; the presumption of guilt 1 S became a certainty, and the threo inen 1 were doomed to die on the gallows. c The wife of Griggs, firmly believing in j the innocence of her husband, by persis-1 j tout and devoted efforts procured a res-! pite and postponed the execution from j < time to time. Meanwhile she spared no 1 pains or means in doing all that was left j 1 for her to do if she would save her hus-1i bands life, namly in tryingto discover the J. actual murderers. She employed an ex- 1 perienced detective. After months of unwearied work, the detective has succeed-; i ed in finding a clue to the murderers, j The watch of the murdered man lias been found, and it has been traced to the possession of two circus tramps. Everything points to the certainty that these ? two tramps were the murderers. I The strength and beauty of circum- j < I xtantial evidence are part of the creed of|J I the legal profession, and of all who are it I conversant with courts of law. Tho faith j, w Af manv will be rudely shaken by thisb Georgia case. When the circus tramps IJ shall have been found guilty and hanged, i' the triumph of this faithful wifo will bo t a notable one, eot only ovar the Circuit j Court and the Supreme Court, but over ^ circumstantial evidence. ( t c i The Arulcr?on IntctHynccr Announces the i deutii of Jmvid Greer, ajjed 75 years; Mrs. a Marthy Webb, relict of the lrtte Dr. Kdmonds 1 "W'ebb, nKcd 75years, Mrs. Sallle Kay, widow r of the late tftrotber Kay; i'etcr Rogers, aged j 1 65 years. i t > . i With Closed Doors. The meeting of the committee, consisting of onejlclegate from each club in tho L'ounty, for the purpose of preparing A jusiness for the next meeting of the bounty Club, took place in tho Court House with closed doors, Sheriff Jones J ioeping guard at the entrance. 01 j rourse we were refused admittance, nnd J (j annot give an account of their deli bora-1 e; ions. Wliv the doors were closed we a i uivenot been informed. we learn now- t| ver that the meeting was a harmonious jp me. Uiree plans for conducting the ^ )rimarv elections, and all of the same'1' p import, were submitted?one ^by Win. i j( I. Parker, Esq,, one by (.'apt. J. X. ?:< Cochran, of Cokesbury, and one by Col. ja: U. L. Konhaiu, jr., of Xinetv-Six. Af-j er some discussion Messrs. Parker,, t< Cochran, and Bonhain were appointed a t( ommittee thereon. At this point agentle-jj^ nan present moved, in consideration of:w lis familiarity with the last.campaiguand j U lis eminent ability, that Col. J. S. Colli- j s' an be requested to act with that com- j] nit tec. Unanimously adopted. This jo sub-committee was requested to meet! I tnd report to an adjourned meeting of i lie committee, which is to take place on j Sale Day, an hour before the meeting of bounty Democratic club. j tl 'Die subject of colored delegates was: c nought up. The Chairman said ho had ' erv decided views 011 the subject. They honld he admitted, ('apt. K. B. fJary, j 8 reported to be the only speaker on the j " ,ide of the negative, lie is said to be op- i, >oscd to the admission ol any colored | h lelegates. lie cited Edgefield as an j xample. There were no colored Dein-it| >cratic clubs in that county in 1876. Gen* C ?. H. Bradley said he was not ready to b ;ick the negro out of politics. In the ? ast campaign we had made pledges to & hose who had helped us to redeem the T <tate, and ho was not ready to go back <n these pledges. Wo need their help low as much as then. Othors endorsed he General in this sentiment. c The meeting expressed its emphatic t, lisapproval of the pledges required by! Iho State Executive Committee. Only t )ne mau in the entire number at all fa- s rored the "swearing in" system. We s lave no doubt the "swearing in" reeom-11 nendation will receive the contempt it, ? leserves. J r The subject of "candidates" came up. i rhey were opposed to public announce- ? nents in the newspapers. The candi- t lates should, they think, be nominated 1 jy the different clubs. ? The Law on Seining. For the benefitof our numerous friends i .vho arc so l'ond of seining the streams of! ^ his county, we would call their attention ? o the following enactment by our Legis-1 s ature. It would be well lor them to S iced its provisions, as some idle man may s jo prompted by a landablo desire to add v .oinctliiug to the exchequor of theCoun- j y while he; will at the same time txclil. lomething to bis own bank account. The, t aw is as follows: j h "There shall be a close time in all the v reeks, streamf and inland waters of this i j? State from the setting of the sun each 11 rhusdav until the rising of the sun on E ? J ..1 .1?: i.:,.k.Tm?ollMi?c tiafu I V I UtfSUUV, HUrilJU \> 1111 II utuc ait oviuo, nv^ . >r an}- plan or device for the stoppage or {' collecting of fish which obstructs any ~ jortion of any creek, stream or inland vaters, other than a dam for manufaetur- *' ng purposes, shall be removed from said J J* reeks, streams or waters; and the owner I ? n whole or in part of any such obstruc- j b ion, plan or device during the period |" iforesaid shall be deemed guilty of a mis- j K lemeanor, and upon conviction thereof j K'fore any' Court of competent jurisdic-i ion, shall be fined in the sum of two v mndred dollars, one-half of which shall; ;o to the informer and the county in n vhich the case shall be tried, or imprison-1 V d for a period of not less than three nor j c< nore than six months, or both, at the dis- ; tl retion of the Court trying the case." i n Approved March 22, 187#. | ? ! ri ireenwood and Augusta Railroad--: ^ The Amended Act. j u By looking through our files oftho:F laily papers we have found the "Act to Liter and Amend," A*c., which our! i-hole county has been anxious to see. P iut which nobody, not even our Legisla-j ors had been able to lay their hands on.' jj - i i ? t is a very interesting nine uu oi lugismion, and of peculiar and pecuniary inter- j st to the property-holders in the follow-1 ^ ng townships: Greenwood, Smithville, tl Vhite Hall, Ninety-Six, Cedar Springs, fi ndian Hill and Bordeaux. The second J| oction shows them what is expected of a| hem, and the other sections instruct js< hem how to fulfill the expectation. The 0 ifth section will be eagerly scanned by i ? hose whose ideas of economy forbid beir subscribing lavishly, for it seems to | oi dmitan unlimited reduction of the sub- J* T cription suggested. Dots From Level Land. cc The crops are generally backward for uch an early spring. Wheat is very ej ood but lias the rust very badly. * t0 Another Good old Darkey Gone.? cc terry Burton died on the night of the in ltli from paralysis. He was respected tfc v both white and black. th Mr. Conrad Wakefield is lying at the oi oint of death. ri The people of Level Land have a taste ca >r tine buildings. There are eight or b\ ?n very tine dwellings being erected in w lis section. There will be a grand picnic the 25th of ki lis month at Miss Edney Fisher's [ ring, on the trail road. An extended gc ivitation to all. The ladies are request- 01 J to come and bring their baskets. W Mr. J. Dudley Carwile is here from ik exas on a visit to his lather in this place, tli he report is good of that State. fii Sewing machine agents are again a post k( 1" tlie country. th A tine fruit crop this year. yji Level Land was well represented at eti olumbia during the Railroad C-onven- or on two weeks ago. A couple on board . ere so much in love that they did not T*1 now when tliey got to the city. The exercises of the Cars well Institute /ere resumed on last Monday, with a ?. ill number of students. Kev. E. R. Carswell is attending the baptist Convention which conveues at iit-ihville, Tenn. ^ Il< * 1 re At a meeting held on tha 18th of this nonth by the Smithville Democratic I n, 'lub, at Evans' Mill, Er. Ceo. F. E. Vonck, alter a few appropriate remarks, illereil tho followinir nreamble resolu-l?; ions, which wore unanimously adopted: ^ Whereas, the time has approached when jj| ho Democratic party of Abbeville Ooun- sj, y should select its candidates for another S( ampaign aud whereas our present J udge p >f Probate, J. Fuller Lyon combines all | w he qualities for that responsible position, OI herel'ore be it 3{1 Rcaolved, That it is the duty of this f V( dub to present to our fellow-citizens ofj*r) \bbeville County the claims of J. Fuller *n [jvon for re-election to the office of Judge | >f Probate. ] 2. That in him we recognize a man in j jJ( jvery way qualified for tho position and j ivho has given in the past full satisfac-1 ^ ;ion satisfaction and therefor consider it j ( , ,o ihe interest of the people? to urge hiis i ji re-election. f(| 3. That we hereby unanimously nom- .j. nate J. Fuller Lyon for a secoud term. Judge of Probate of Abbeville County, j 4. Tbat these resolutions bo published j n the Couuty papers. GEO. \V. COLLINS, President, ! Gko. F. PL Wksch, M. D. Seoretary Protoni ti j ll: How Peter Escaped from Prison?Pe-jo' cr Fair, of Orangeburg, a convict in the pen-11< itcntiary under sentence of ten years irnpris-1 j jninent, four years of which time had expir. d, was at work on the capitol grounds last iveek, when his three companions overpowered the guard and made their escape. Peter, s< ike "the boy that stood on the burning I ai leek." refused to go when the others fled.!. I'he Governor hearing of his conduct, sent for j " Peter u few days after, when he told Peter in I " ccos:nition 01 goou conuuci ana 01 nix <;o<>a ; ai sxample," he would be released. The three vho escaped have been caught and remanded | oiinprisonmcnt. Here Is a moral. Tlie railroad meeting at Lowndcsvlllo on T ft'endesdny, the 17th inRtant, of which an ac-1 Si jount appears elsewhere, was well attended | y tnd enthusiastic. Itsprocecdings were marked throughout by a business-like and deternined course, which augurs well for the prosjectof the road. The citizens of Lowndesrille entertained the meeting with the most f, avish hospitality, and every one enjoyed the neeting, not only for the business prospect, >ut also on account of its pleasaot social fea- n ure.?Anderson IiUclligencer. r Tie Stockade Claia-Gaai. ill Interview With the President of the Greenwood and Augusta ltailrond--He Makes Some Interesting S t litem cuts. Last Friday in company with Mr. T. P. marlos of our village, we visited Genial Brail ley, the President of the U. A I .. R. R. and accepted kind hospitality l liis mansion. When we suggested to le General that we had come in a reortorial capacity for the Press and j tanner, to obtain particulars in refer-1 nee to the important Railroad cuter-1 rise in which he was engaged, and to i arn from him the true condition of the j imvictsin the service of the Railroad, i well as the actual treatment to which ley were subjected?he seemed pleased. "I am glad," replied the General in a me and manner, which clearly indiea?d the earnestness and sincerity of the poaker'.sremarks, "I am glad that you ave called. I court investigation, and ould be glad to have tho facts known j the public. If I had been at leisure I| liould have written you a letter before i ow in reference to tho treatment which j lese prisoners receive here at the hands < f the prison officials. An it is, however, | am glad that you have como to see fori ourself." OLD WOMEN Wirx TAI.K. "uonerai, i presume you are aware 01 lie extravagant rumors which are cirulated as to allogcd cruelty to prisoers at the hands oi' the overseers of the oad." "Oh, yes; I have heard of much fool*h talk*of that kind, but as I have been usily engaged in pushing the work to ompletion and at the same time looklg after my own private interests, I ave paid little attention to what people avesaid. I am surprised that sensible, rown up, white men should take noice of, believe or repeat such stories.! lid women who have nothing else to do, ut to smoke their pipes, are obliged ?> talk, however, and I am not disapointed or worried at anything they may ay." KE ATM EXT OF PRISONERS?THE MEN WHO BURN OUR BARNS AND DWELLINGS. "Aro you aware, General, of any ruel treatment or unnecessary punishment being inflicted upon the convicts ?y the overseers ?" ""lam not. Hut do not understand mo o say that the treatment they receive is uchthat any laborer would desire, for uch is not the case. Theso men are the >eople who rob lis of our property, and iiirn our barns and dwellings. They lave been convicted of violations of the lublic peace and are sent here as a punshment for crime. To keep tnem we re obliged to subject them to the closest witch. If they ever get out of our sight hey run oil'; they arc treated as liumaney, however, as "the circumstances will Hmit tin mniPi'CSvuLrv ituiiishlilfMit s inflicted. THE KNIFE AND WHIP. "We have hoard, that the overseers ocasionally whip severely?sometimes iulieting as many as one hundred and fifty tripes on the bare back, and in one intance, we are informed that an overseer auged his knife by placing his thumb on he blade half inch trom the point and tuck it into the legs of a refractory coniot." "This report is greatly exaggerated," eplied the General. "We have never utiicted a greater punishment than wenty-iive lushes at any one time, and ave seldom had to whip the same conict twice. Somo time airo. wo had a lan who would not work. Ho would requently lie down oil the road when oing to or returning from the road, hen he would have to be hauled home 1 a wheel-barrow. He acted like a stuborn ox. He was whipped and one time Ir. Palmer did stick hi* knil'e into his ip twice, threatening at the same time > inflict a more severe punishment, his had the effect of making him do etter work ever afterwards. He was not urt by the knife. INDNESS HAD NO EFFECT UroN THEM. "Do you find less trouble with the eonicts now than formerly? we asked. "Yes; we understand them better ow, and they understand us better, t'hen they first came we endeavored to mtrol them by kindness alone. I made lein a speech, explaining our requireicnts and their duty. I urged them to boy orders, and told them that it would e bettor for them to comply with our ules. This had no effect upon them hatever, and they did no good at work, ntil we commenced to whip." ILINO THEIK SHACKLES ? WHIPPING | INAUGURATED. \ "Have there been many efforts on the art of the convicts to escape?" "For several months," replied the Gcnral, "it seemed to me they thought of ttle else. We have frequently discovred their plots just in time to prevent :ieir escape. One night the guard heard noise which aroused his suspicion, he next morning the overseers asked ic man suspected if ho did not have a le, and without saying a, word he run is hand into his breast, and drew out a le, wrapped in a cloth. The shackles of II were then examined and twentyjven were found to be so filed as to fall If by a slight lick. This was a little lore' than Christian forbearance could and. They were put back in the stoekie that morning and whipping was at nee inaugurated. It took the .Superinmdent until dinner time to whip them, he whole twenty-seven were whipped. CONVICTS SHOT. "JIas there been any united effort at ;cayo since then ?" "les; about a month ago, seven or ght conspired to mutiny. They were; run in different directions and make j infusion among the guards so tnat an i definite number might escape. They lought not more than one or two of em could be killed. In the meantime ic of the number, beforo the time arved. exposed the plot. When the esoe whs attemntcd the leader was shot : the guard, and instantly killed. This us a little more than a month ago. "I believe, General, that the guards lied a man hereabout ten days ago." "That is so. On tho third day alter we t the last batch of fifty from Columbia, to of the number undertook to run oil", hen first discovered running, he was >t more than ten or fifteen yards from o guard. Several shots were fired at st to scare him and to stop him, but he >pt running. Finally, he was hit in e back by a ball, at the distance of 127 irds, and died in two hours, from the i feet of tho shot. These two are the ily men who have been killed here." lKINO THEIR LIVES INTO TIIEin OWN HANDS. "General, you have been no doubt inrm<?d that there are persons in the (iintry who believe it wrong to shoot! mvicts, even in the attempt to escape." i "Yes. I have heard some talk like I lis from a class of porsons who know j (thing of prison regulations or of the isponsibility incurred in taking charge ' convicts. No body ever says a word jout the guards in Columbia shooting isoners.in their attempt to escape. We e governed bv the same laws, and our lards have the same power, and are ven the samo instructions. Whenever prisoner attempts to escape he takes his (b into his own hands. If we do not loot, what aro wo to do? Must wo and still and allow them to walk off? j revent the guard from shooting and in a eek's time we would not have a prisler. The penalty imposed upon us for ich escape is fifty dollars a year lor each jar the convict has to serve, until five jars?two hundred and lift}' dollars beig the highest penalty." "When a man is so" killed, do you m>rm a Coroner, and have an "inquest eld over the body of the dead convict?" "Wo do not deem it necessary to do so. ^hen the first man was killed wo reuested Trial Justice McC'aslan to conie. e came and took some testimony in-1 irniiulv, but liolii 110 regular inquest, hero was nothing of the kind done hen the last man was killed. WHEN THEY OO TO WORK. "At what hour do tho prisoners go to ' ork in tho morning?" "At daylight, after eating breakfast,; ley start on tho inarch to the road. At velve o'clock thoy stop an hour and a all' for dinner. * From half past 0110 clock they work until it is tinie to start > the stockade in time to get there before ark." "How many have you at work now ?" "To-day there are one hundred and ?ven on the road, fortv-four of whom re of the last lot received from Coluinia, five are from Abbeville Court House y Judge Mackey's order, and tho balticc are of tho first instalment." "Do they work satisfactorily now ?" "I hear 110 complaint now. Tho whip a* had a magical effect upon them, 'hey are worth to us far inoro than the une number of free laborers would be. iTn ilinm nnrlor (rriAfl tvfkl." THE SICK. "It is alleged, General thatthero isadecienoy in medical attention." "That, Mr. Wilson, like many other rulors, is uutrue. I treat them in this espect as I u&ed to treat my slaves. When there is any complaint I always examine thein myself. If there seems to be but little the matter, I generally givo a doso of medicine, a.s I think best. If the patient gets worse or is not soon relieved, I send for Dr. Noel or Dr. Pressly, who aro, as you know, as good physicians as there are in the county. A great many feign sickness, <vhen in reality there is nothing the matter with them. It is not easy to deceive me however. If a man is at all sick I can easily enough dotect it. When this last instalment came from Columbia, about fourteen reported sick the first day. Upon examination it was ascertained that some five or six were not worth their salt to us, and it is alleged by the convicts, that they were put on the chain in Columbia after having been rejected by Dr. Maxwell at the penitentiary. Of this number there aro two cases of hernia, two of heart disease, one with a broken leg, and one with spinal affection. These are chronic cases and are a dead expense to us." "These, I presume, are all who are unable to work." "No. In the first batch there were about the same number of chronic cases, disa bled in much the same manner as those mentioned in the last lot. Some of them however, including a murderer, have been sent back. By law those convicted of murder cannot "ho sent to us. This man, Bluford Jones, who killed Burt Bilcy, near Greenwood, was sent to us by mistake of the prison authorities." THE HEALTH. "IIow is the health of your convicts?" "Except the chronic cases, the rate of sickness is about one per cent. The health of the convicts is better than the health of the negroes in the neighborhood, while the death rate is much below the average among that number of blacks in tlio community. Including the chronic cases only live have died of diseases in eight months. Two have been shot, making a total mortality of seven in eight months. This fact alone, I think, should be proof to satisfy the most sceptical, that the pri treated as some people would have the public believe." "What of the sick men? Does the State charge the Railroad with their services from the time you receive them, whether thov work or not?" "2S*o. Wo keep a strict account of the lost timo of each convict. Their feed, however, is a clear loss to us. We are required to keep them, but we are not paid for their food as Sheriff Jones is. We are anxious to get rid of our sick." WHAT THEY EAT. "What diet do you give to the workers?" "Wo give to the cooks f>} pounds of bacon weekly for each man in the stockade and four bushels of ineal daily, besides an allowance of peas and vegetables, such as in ay be at our command. The bread and meat is cooked the day before it is eaten. The bread is cooked in a Dutch oven and cut by rule so that each man gets exactly the same allowance. The bread is kept iu the oven and is always given to them warm. The negro seems to have very little use for beef. We gave them beef occasionally at first, but now we give them bacon as a regular diet. They prefer bacon. Each man's rations are* put into a bucket three times a day. At night when they come into the stockade, as they file past the gate each man receives his bucket. At twelve o'clock tlio -wagon comes from camp with ! each man's dinner in n bucket. They also pet rations of tobacco." "Do they eat all that you give them T" "There is never much thrown away. Some do not cat quite all of their allowance, but others are generally ready to finish it." WASHING TIIEIR CLOTHING. "What arrangement have you. General, for washing the prisoners' clothing?" "We have no arrangement, as a system yet; but we will soon nave plans put in operation, whereby all the clothing will be wanked regularly every week, by those who are not able to shovel dirt. I think McGarvey would make a very good washerwoman. Such men as he can servo a goodjpurpose in that way." THE RULES THAT GOVERN. ""Rir rrnvflrn. ed?" "Tho same as those by which the con-' victs are governed in Columbia. This is merely a branch of the nonitentiary, and the State's own agent hero, whose business it is to see that they are properly treated." "What clothing have tho prisoners, General?'' "We have had the prisoners about eight months and in that time we have given J each convict two suits and two pairs of j shoes. We have already ordered from New York two suits and a pair of now j shoes for each prisoner, for which we have received the bill. The goods, I expect, are now at the Greenwood depot. The prisoners have been more deficient in clothing than anything else. They have not been quite as well clothed as I* would like them to be. Hereafter we shall pay more attention to that department. The prisoners are carried to a pond made for the purpose and which is within u hundred yards of the stockade, where all are required to strip and wash their persons?" THE WHITE PRISONERS. "What proportion of the prisoners are white?" "Only three are white, including McGarvey, whom Judge Mackey sent us from Abbeville. Grimes, an Irishman sent here from Camden for burglary, is an old man. iie nas ueen a gooa nana, but in nearly worn out. I fear that he will die this summer, if kept here. I haveusked the Governor to pardon him. Itoss, another white man, sent here from one oi the lower counties is a North Carolinian, lazy and stubborn, but two applications of the strap made him a good hand. McGarvey, the white man recently convicted at Abbeville, iR weakly and of no service to us. I wish that ho was removed. He will certainly die if he remains here Ion#. He has been out to work but one day, and then he did not lift two bushels of dirt. He sits in the stockade and cries most of the time. Sometimes he will cat nothing for two or three days. It is a pity to keep him here to die. ELSY CHILES RIDES IN A WHEELBARROW. "What of the other prisoners recently sent to you from Abbeville?" "They are good hands, and I am well pleased with the overseer's report of their work. We have never had to whip them. Elsy Chiles is an old acquaintance. Everybody know# him in this community. His reputation hore is in accord with the judgment of the Court. He is a splendid hand. The first day however he had a tit, and he had to be hauled home in a wheelbarrow. Upon his arrival he was carefully examined. It was a clear ease of "'possum." We asked him how often he had those "fits" and he said, once a year, about this time of year. He was then in instructed not to have another fit as long as lie remained here. Since then he has had no fits, and wo have had no further trouble with him." THE PENITENTIARY AS A REFORMATORY INSTITUTION. "General, I would like to know your opinion of the penitentiary as a reformatory institution?" "Well, sir, my opinion is that the ponitentiary as a reformatory institution is a failure. To support this opinion I will state to you that Ben Witlierspoon, of Greenwood, succeeded in malting his escape from here only a short time ago. Tho night of tho same day that lie mado his escape he came back here, dug under thei meat house, and if it had not been for the plank lloor would have gotten in. Disappointed in this ho went to the oven, opened it, and stolo about fifteen pounds of bread. In a day Of two after this he stopped at a negro's house between here and Greenwood and asked to stay awhile. As soon as his friend loft tho house to go to work, he broke into his trunk and helped himself to whatever he wanted. J A few d^'s ago, 1 was at Abbeville and was. surprised to lind that he was in jail, tin/Int-iT/iinrr uoiif nnnn Sn Triol T nut inn vn I don's Court for stealing a ling in that j neighborhood. I had him brought home the next day, and lie is now at work. Recently I dismissed a negro whose time had expired. I lectured him on the subject of honesty. JIc declared that lie would honceforth cat oak leaves in preference to doing anything which would bring hint back here. But I do not know how long he will stick to his good resolution. He has not yet gotten back, but I would not be surprised to receive him at any lime." THE COMPLETION OF THE UOAD A FIX ED ! FACT. "It scorns, General, that the prospccts of your Kail road are now good. I seo by the Augusta Chronicle and Constitutionalist that the contract for grading that part of the Road 011 the Georgia side has then awarded to Grant, of Atlanta, who, I believe, has n largo force, over two I hundred, of Georgia convicts under liis control. I believe he is to go to work next week, and is to finish the work by next April." "You are correct in that statement. I regard the completion of the Road a fixed fact. We have now seventeen miles of the grading finished on this side of the river. The entire length of the Road from Greenwood to the Savannah is forty-8ix and fiTe-sixtecuth miles. The ac tual work is fully one-third done. The f contract for erecting n splendid iron < bridgo at the river has been awarded to relinblo contractors who aro now casting the irons tor the structure. Wo think we get it remarkably cheap, 926,000." ( THE TLAN OF WORK. , "I have heard you say that tho cost of ' grading your road is only a fraction over ' live hundred dollars a mile. I am under i tho impression that the engineer who i surveyed the road ostimated the cost of this part of the work at forty-two bun- < dred dollars a mile. Was he mistaken ns ] to the value of the work, or are you do- j ing less than was calculated for?'' "You are correct in saying that the cost 1 of grading is only five hundred dollars a | mile. The engineer's estimate was as 3'ou state it. Ordinarily, with hired labor, and under the old system, the work that wo are doing would cost that sum. Formerly every contractor employed an engineer at a heavy expense to superin- , tend his section of tho work. This ox- j (>ense wo have dispensed with, except at ntervals, as we need him. Wo have an i engineer not one-third ot tho time. An- j other immense saving is in mules and i carts. Heretofore contractors have either | been required, or they thought it necessary, to cart dirt from the "cuts" to tho ' "flfls." To carry on our work in this ] wrv would- reouire sixtv mules and sixtv carts and sixty drivers additional, and then we could do not more than half the , work we now accomplish daily under the present plan. But few of our "cuts" are more than soven feet deep. Experienced i inen with shovels can throw the dirt out of such places, by throwing the first dirt dug to a considerable distance, so that the last dirt dug out need not be thrown beyond the edge of the bank. When "cuts" are too deep to be managed in this way, it pays to move it twice with a shovel, rather than haul it. When wo have "fills'* to raise we dig up the dirt on the edge of tho road. By this plan you can see at a glance, that we are saving immensely. It would break us to feed mules, hire drivers, and keep carts and harness in running order. We seldom use a wheelbarrow, and we have no carts at all." THE GRADE OF THE ROAD. "How does the grade of your road average with that of other roads, General ?" "The highest grade of tho road is sixtyone feet. The grade of many new roads is now over two hundred feet to the mile. The improved machinery of the present day .enables railroad officials to run their trains with ease on much greater grades than formerly. Some of the new roads in Nevada have a grade of two hundred and ten feet to the mile, and tho trains move on this grade around tho curves of the Rocky Mountains at what wo would call a fearful speed. We make our road more level, because we can then use cheaper machinery." WHAT THE GENERAL THINKS OF THE BLUE RIDGE TUNNEL. | "Then I have no doubt you think the Bluo Rid ire Railroad could bo so con structed as to cross over the mountain cheaper than the Stump House tunnel can bo finished?" "I am certain of it," replied the General. "By a resurvey and a chango of tho route I believe a new road can be built over the mountain for less than hall' the money that would be required to finish the tunnel." A NEGRO STEALS OUR UMBRELDA. In the afternoon in company with tho General and ourji'riend Quarles, we visited the stockade. On our way from the General's dwelling to the stockade we passed our buggy standing at the gato, and noticing tliat our umbrella had boon taken from the buggy, called his attention to the fact. "Sure enough," replied the General. "This also goes to prove to you tho correctness of my opinion of the penitentiary as a reformatory institution. See now, right in sight of the stockade, some negro has stole your umbrella. I know the boy who must have taken it. lie is now gone off to the burying of his sister's child. As soon as he comes back, I'll have him to get it." The umbrella was forthcoming, according to promise. IN THE STOCKADE. The grounds around the stockade have a cleanly appearance, and from the road one would be impressed favorably. Hero we found the sick in one room of the double cabins. The half dozen or moro of sick men, then in the stockade were miserable, forlorn looking creatures. Hero was McGarvey, another white man and perhaps five or six negroes, all chained by the feet, lying on a platform together. McGarvey was the most pitiable object of the whole, and it is believed that he will Boon die of grief. He begged us to write to Mr. Malcom Erwin that he was dying. And this request we I h:ivr> r*nmnlind with. Wfl saw no vor min on tfie prisoners, though it is said I that tlio place is infested with what soldiers sometimes called "gray backs." While in tho stockade wo asked some two or three of tho negroes what crime they had committed, and each one commenced by saying "I was accused of," <?c., <fcc., except one who said he was at tho house of a neighbor who stole something and tuc stealing was proved on him. After leaving tho house and reaching the yard, we remarked: NO GUILTY rERSOXS HERE. "General, I notice that every one denies being guilty of crime. They say they have been "accused." Are there any guilty convicts here ?" "None that I have heard of," replied the General. "There are none here who admit their guilt. They are all perfectly honest and peaccable and wore wrongfully convtoted. Some time ago in reading a letter, from his wife to one of the convicts, she stated that she had moved from the house where he left her and that she was afraid the new occupants would find it, and begged him to tell her where the money was. This letter was read to him but he feigned perfect ignorance as to the pcrpetmtor of the theft as well as of the whereabouts of tho money. He had never seen it. Soon after this ho took sick and I saw that he was going to die. I told him tho real condition and advised him to mako a clean breast of his crime and tell where the money was. Reluctantly ho did so a fow hours before his death. lie had put it in a bottle, corked it up, and buried it under a tree near the house." TIIEY SLEEPS LIKE SARDINES, EXCLPT THAT THEIR HEADS ARE ALL ONE WAY. The prisoners sleep on inclined floors on the sides of the house with an aisle or walk between. Their feet arc chained to long chains running the whole length of tho house, and they lie close together with their heads towards tho walls. They have not more bed covering than Confederate soldiers luxuriated in. Between the two rooms and beneatli the roof connecting them tho guards keep watch through the night. The bottom logs of those houses are two feet below tho surface of the ground to prevent their digging under. No windows are made in tho houses but tho cracks botween tho logs are kept open to admit light and to ventilate the place. Tho ceiling is made of logs of equal size to those in tho wall. It is evident that a chained prisoner in such a place within the walls of a stockade, and our armed guard over him is reasonably secured against escape. The stockade is made by digging a narrow ditch several feet deep, and tilling it with timbers fifteen or eighteen feet long? placing them in an upright position. Tho guards havo little houses outside the stockade in which tliev sleep and stay when oil' duty, but inside the fence which enclosed tho stockado. NO CRUELTY ALLOWED. Tho place is truly one not to bo sought after, but we believe the prisoners have not been treated with the unnecessary seyerity which rumor speaks of. The greatest deficiency or cause of complaint has been in ouropinion, the insulliciency of clothing and blankets. This, dcliciencv. however, we were glad to hear tho President of the lload say, would soon be remedied. General Bradley is the Prosident of tho road, and the immediate control of the convicts is entrusted to subordinates. The General is a man of kind hoart aud will not allow cruelty, even if subordinates wore disposed to be severe. THE MAN WITH A PISTOL. At four o'clock taking a letter from the General to (,'apt. Caliill we bid him adieu, and started on our way borne by way of Asberry Church whero the convicts werej at work 011 a straight piece of wood which J had been left unfinished. Alter going some three miles we came up to where two convicts were working at a treo top. A short distance oil' stood a stout man ! whoso liair was somewhat gray and whose I appearance indicated that fie had passed J the medium of life. When we drove up,! lie was standing with his hack to us, hold-1 ing a pistol in his r'^lit hand, the silver mounting of which shone brightly in .the litrlit of the afternoon sun. Supposing I liim to he the man for whom we had uj letter we said: "Ih this Mr. Caliill?" To which he replied, "That is my name Hir." Handing him tho note from General Bradloy, and after ho had read it, he said: "Tho hands aro at work nearly two miles from here. This is about tho hour that they will quit work. Before you can .' "V? -r'.. ' -i V ?ot there they will be on the chains and , jn their way to the stockade." PRISONERS MARCHING IIOMB. I After some other remarks wo contiuucd mrjonrney in the direction of the placo ( where they wore at work, and as wo ar- , rived in sight they quit work. In a little ( ivhile they were all chained together, and svith armed men before thorn, and armed i men on the side of them, while the strap | man followed in the rear of all, they with shovels on their Hhoulders, and :lanking chains around their fnet, filed past us while wo remained on the roadudrc. Wo recognized none of their faces, rhey were not finely clad, but all looked fat and healthy, with much loss of the gloomy look than we had expected. ? In Memoriaii. On last Saturday morning, according to previous mnouncement through the newspapers, a meeting of tho liar, the officers of the court and citizens generally was held in the court house to make some public recognition of tho death of the lamented Thomas C. Perrin. It was a respectful ind appropriate testimonial to the memory of a [jood man, whose loss is universally felt and ivhose death is mourned by all. The members of the legal profession took their accustomed seats around the bar and on motion of Mr. Burt, Judge rhomson was called to the chair and announced the purpose of the meeting in a brief and happy mauncr and paid an eloquent and feeling tribute to the deceased. General McGowan thftn, made a few well-timed remarks upon the noble and ennobling virtues of Mr. Perrin and introduced the resolutions which we print below. The meeting was fittingly rounded off by Mr. Burt in a most beautiful and touching eulogy upon the high christian character and eminent virtues of the lamented dead. Ou taking the chair Judge Thomsou said: Gentlemen of the Bar: "We have met for tlio purpose of paying a tribute of respect to the memory of our deceased brother?Thomas C. Perrin. "Afterlife's fitful fever he sleeps well.' You know that on occasions like this, there was a saving amongst the ancients, speak nothing"of the dead except what is good. There was also another sayingspeak of the dead only what is true. It would be immaterial which rule should guide us now, as in any view the latter sentiment would resolve itself into the first. There is implanted in the human breast a desire to live in tho memory of those who shall follow us, when we shall have passed away. This is part of the longing for immortality. Men often seek their happiness in this; and call that greatness which will transmit their memory to futuro ages. Tho fiery song of Homer still warms tho student's heart. Theswelling sentences of Cicero arestill the admiration and envy of orators. Burns at a bound placed himself in the front rank of lyric poets. Mohammed with the Koran and the sword has left a belief and a rule that guide and govern millions. Compared with such men?and in the line of their achievements, the deceased, and indeed most of the living men of this day?would not be great men. But in that docs true greatness consist? "Honor and shame from no condition rise, Act well your piirt? there all the honor lied." Tested by this rule our deceased brother was a great man. His greatness?liko that of a religion which enters into common life?was shown in the performance, of all his obligations. Early in life he was conscious of powers that would be useful to men. and they appreciating those qualities confided to him important trusts, ootu oi a puonc ana private cnaracicr. His/ellowcitizens well knew that whatever duty lie assumed would be performed with exactness and fidelity. To the hour of his death numerous trusts were in his hands, attesting his ability and worth?and -the unabated rogard of his | friends and of the public. And no one can know the extent of his usefulness or the value of his services, without a knowledge of the trusts and otlices in his chargo or under his control. As a member of tho bar, fidelity to his client was a marked trait of character. I have thought that upon this point his view of duty was that declared by Lord Krougham?that his first and main duty was to his client?and that his rights were to be protectedjand secured. Punctuality also was also with him a prominent trait. He was true to his appointments to the day and hour. Practising this method in business to which he adhered, he was enabled to perform a largo practice in his profession?which he maintainor! until his death. I trust you will'pardon nio in mentioning a few things moro immediately connected with myself. The first time I saw the deceased was at Bradley's old field (muster ground,) He was then a young man. He had warmly espoused the cause of nullification. On the occasion referred to, he was hotly engaged in discussion with John S. Pressly, Esq.,?whom I regarded as the ablest, or amongst the ablest of bis party. Afterwards when admitted to the bar, tho occasions of professional intercourse became frequont. During the long period from that time until his death, I received at his hands numerous professional courtesies, which ho was ever ready to accord wlien ihc rights of his clients would not in his view bo injured thereby. Gentlemen of the Bar?tho deceased bolongs to a class that is passing away? and we will not soon see his like again. General McGowan, said: Mr. Chairman, The long and intimate relations, personal and professional, which existed between the deceased and myself, more than any desire for prominence upon mv part, prompt me to say a word upon this sail occasion. No one outside tho immediate family of our deceased friend, has reason to mourn or does mourn tho death of our lamented fiiend and brother moro than I do. My feelings on this occasion are tender and overwhelming?such as we feel for the loss of a dear and life-long friend. Mr. ' Perrin was the first friend I ever had in Abbeville. I arrived here on the night of the last day of the year 1841, and on New Year morning 1S42 found him at his ofliee, introduced myself to him and presented letters from friends, lie received me a friendless youth?a stranger in a strange land, with that bland smite, which he ever gave me until the day of his death. He invited me to read law with him, which I did. T was admitted to practice in the fall of that year, and ho then ottered me a partnership in the practice, which was gladly accepted. Wo practised together for thirteen years, when it was his duty to make other arrangements. We ceased to be partners but not to be friends. From the day of our first acquaintance to the day of his death there never was between us one unkind uord or as far as I know an approach to ail unkind thought. How much mournful pleasure in the reflection! When shall it be my good fortune to have another such friend! The friends of youth are nearer and /] ski wit* tlinn nth nvo Vtiit /toti imt ucaivi man uuj uuiuxo) uuv van uui mv made alter we reach the meridian of life. The term has expired?the opportunity is lost. When such friends leave us they are gone never to bo found again. Then how we should value them, and cherish their memory. "The friends thou hast, and their adoption tried. Grapple them to thy soul with hooks of steel; lint do not dull thy piilm with entertainment Of cach new-hatched, untledged comrade." Mv grief for the loss of a life-long friend is too deep to allow mo to undertake anything liko an analysis of his character. Ho was a sound, "safe, laborious lawyer, working here in the midst of this community, for half a century. He was afterwards elected to honorable ollice and he was modest, faithful and conscientious in the discharge of every public duty imposed upon him. The qualities of both his head and his heart eminently fitted him to adorn the walks of privato life, wherein the bosom of his family and in society all his virtues shono with a mild but constant radiance, and where he was beloved by all. lie was too modest to relish the boisterous encounters of political warfare. He loved to pass along the cool HnniiPHt.ornd vale nflifo and to rest in peuco under liis own vine and tig tree. Mr. Porrin was an amiable man, but his was not that amiability which is soft and vacillating. He had opinions of his own and he was firm in tho maintenance of them. This amiability consisted in a considerate regard for the opinions of others and a kindness of heart which was expressed in a gentle manner, courteous deportment, ami a modest but high bear- J ing, which made him the perfect and Christian gentleman. Mr. Per tin was emphatically an honest man?honest from constitutional organization and principle?of tho antique style of lofty integrity. In running my memory over our long business connection I recollect and 1 hope you will pardon me for referring to 0110 small but striking incident. In one of our profes sional settlements it was concluded that I had not transferred to him a certain package of money and having received it I was of course charged with it. Months afterwards he found in his pocket-book a hand of paper, which from marks upon it, seemed to have been round tho money, and from this alone he insisted ?pon charging himself with.it. That was inlinitely above the reach of the doctrine which boasts that it is right to be honest because it is tho best policy. Amiable, gentle, kind and faithful friend, he has departed from among us, has been taken in tho midst of his labors showing us what shadows wo are and what shadows we pursue, and giving to thoso of us who are left behind another solemn warning that "in the midst of life we are in death." X offer the following resolutions: "S \ - v V .r'- *?>?' ' -* V'. .. . *- ' ' a " ' ' r- ' *v..V- ' Resolved, That in tho sudden death of Hon. rhomas Chiles Perrin the State of South Carolina ban lost one of her beat citizens, who was always raithful in every public trust and devoted to her welfare and honor. Resolved, That Abbeville county has lost one of her most trusted sons, who, born and reared and educated upon her soil and often called to All the highest offices in the gift of the county, was in temperament, culture and pitch of character a good exponent and representative of the intelligence and high tone of this people. Resolved, That the bar of Abbeville has lost one of its most faithful, laborious and successful lawyers, who fell with tho harness on ; who was always to the last hour at the post of duty in the exacting labors of life, and who reflected upon his profession tho halo of his own pure, spotless, private character. Resolved, That this community has lost one of its oldest, most respected and beloved citizens, who never had any other homo but Abbeville, who was thoroughly identified with this people and a landmark in their midst for more than fifty years. Resolved, That the loss of none is comparable to that of his intimate friends who knew linn well and admired him for his integrity and quiet strength of character and loved him for hia amiable qualities, his benevolence, hia cheerful hospitalifv. Rinftnitv of manners, wiur+pnv of dp.iiort ment and kindness of heart Resolved, That the bereavement of the immediate circle of his family and relatives at the loss of the beloved head, friend and counsellor of all, i' beyond the power of words to express and we forbear to intrude upon tho sanctity of private grief and inconsolable sorrow. -llesolved, That a copy of these resolutions be delivered by the Chairman of tliis meeting to the family of the deceased and that tho presiding Judge at the next term of tho court be requested to have them entered npou the journals of the court Resolved, That in respect to the memory of their deceased brother tho members of tbe Abbeville Bar will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty days. In seconding the resolutions offered by General McGowan, Hon. Armistead Burt said: Mr. Chairman :?The proprieties of this occasion do not allow me, the impulses of my heart forbid, that I should be a silent spectator of these sad and sorrowful proceedings. I knew our deceased brother too long and esteemed him to well not to add my voice to swell this tribute to bis memory. I see no one in this sad assemblage, no member of the bar, no citizen who knew him so long as myself. You, Mr. Chairman, knew him long, but I knew him longer. A half century ago, when I came here to cast my fortunes with the people of Abbeville, he had just been admitted to the bar and ho became one of my earliest and most esteemed associates. He was a young man of prepossessing manners and presence, buoyant anu hopeful. He was the companion of my leisure hours and innocent amusements. His young life was marred by none of the vices of youth nor blurred by any of its follies. Increasing years and professional engagements demanded closer affnnfmn fn linutnn^u oriH allnn'M loau wrw>in1 course. But lie was the same genial, joyous companion and gentlemnn, but a diligent, toiling, assiduous man of business. From mv earliest acquaintance with him to the day of his death, my position gave me the fullest opportunities to form a just and impartial estimate of his character. You, Mr. Chairman, have portrayed with truthfulness his professional and social life, and I may not attempt any minute sketch of him, but I must be allowed to bring out some of the salient, characteristic features of one so estimable and so eminent. There was a beautiful symmetry, a rart completeness, an exquisite harmony in the life ol our departed brother. His aims, his purposes, his endeavors, were all singularly consistent njic harmonious. They were all high, upward, Heavenward. His was no negative character, then was no neutral coloring in it His qualities wen all pronounced 4nd distinctive. I will not saj that they were incisive but they were positive* His perception was clear, liis logic was cogent his convictions deep and strong, You have saic that punctuality and fidelity were conspicuous qualities of bis character, let mo add to them diligence, assiduity, patience, probity, and above al and greatest of all?duty. Yes, duty, an elevatec sense of duty was the crowning characteristic, tin grand excellence of his character. His long lift was consecrated to duty?duty to his family, tt his friends, to his country and to his God. I bav< never behoved that our" brother had ambition, that infirmity of greatness. He never manifested the love of power or the lust of distinction. Hii aspiration seemed oulv to be useful and he soughi positions of usefulness : only positions for whicl lie was eminently competent and twlmirablv fit For a decade I was a truant to our noble profession, a wanderer from the halls of justice, but ] never lost the view of our dead brother ana I disparage no man, no member of my profession, nc citizen, when I affirm that no death that has evei occurred in this community has sundered bo manj ties, touched so many hearta, bereaved so manj societies as that of him whom wo mourn with a deep, a public and a personal sorrow. A numerous family, a large clientage, the whole bar, an influential church, a zealous Bible society, other charitable societies and a whole community deplore an irreparable and common bereavement. It bag been well said that our brother was an able counsellor, an honest man, a christian gentleman, and all this he was; but he was more and higher: he was that noblest type of man?a Christian Lawyer! All, me, Mr. Chairman, it is saddening to look back upon the long roll of the honored dead o( our profession ana discover how few have served their God with half the zeal they have served their clients and their country ! The death of Thomas Chiles Perrin is mourned by us all, but to me it brings a personal sorrow aud a personal admonition. His seat at the bar was immediately on my left. That vacant chair was his, which no intruder has ventured to occupy at this sad meeting?that it is vacant, is a beautiful though a mute testimonial to its dead owner. No man amongst the living has deemed himself worthy tc sit there and 110 man of us is worthy. When ] | look around me I see no fitting occupant, when ] I look with straining eyes into the future, I car oiiiy nope inai a mercuui uoa win voucnsaie u this bar gome successor titling and worthy to weai the mantle that his brethren and countrymen hac cast upon him. He sat there on my left," near me Ho was mv junior and he was better and mor< useful and had a better right to speak s >me kinc words of me than I to eulogize him. Yes, Mr Chairman, he was more worthy to live and he wai bound to life by nameless ties that I can nevei know. And yet he was stricken down at my voyj side, and I, a* waif, a scattered leaf, left to* drif on the stream of life ! But his work was done and well done, and he has gone to the reward o: a long, beneficent and nious life. It is an im pressive and touching illustration of his passion less, calm and beautiful character that the Ian act of his life was consecrated to his Church am his God ! Mr. Chairman, the character of ou friend and brother is an inheritance to this bai and this community. Whilst wo eulogize hi grand usefulness, let us emulate it. Whilst w drop the tears of a bereaved brotherhood upoi his fresh grave, let us inscribe upon our memo ries and our hearts the noble lessons of his life. My Brethren of the Bar: To some of us tin t\f lifft ij nnnrnn^liinar ifo laufr fLPf "* ",v- " ?I"J"o and its closing scene. One by one, we must al | retire from thin liall dedicated to justice, the seem of our forensic emulation* and struggles, and ou voices be hushed and our seats vacant Let u strive by humble supplication nnd devout faith t< be ready to appear before that Chancery abov where mercy is dispensed to man, where all shal be suitors and supplicant*, where the voice of bu one Advocate shall be heurd?a Court whose do crees are a# eternal an they are just. On motion, the meeting adjourned. THOMAS THOMSON, Chairman. M. P. DkBruhl, Secretary. Alice Beulah Latimer, only child of J. T. and E. E. Latimer, was born Oetober 29th, 1874, and died April 14th, 1878. She has vanished from our gaze like a rose-bud plucked from its native stem. She has faded like a blossom which gives token of early fruitage. She has risen Jike a dew-drop kissed to the sun by tome gentle ray. Lovely child, so daintily fair, i'erfeetand sweet as a flow'ret rare: Too sweet a flower lor this dull earth, I Ood took little Alice from our hearth, To a beautiful home of glory instead, Where angels will love our beautiful Dead. Beautiful saint! so early blest, Thou art safe In Mansions of Heavenly rest; The beautiful jjates of dazzling pearl. Have closed on our precious little girl; The sunlight of Heaven upon her is shed, For she is gone with the angels, our beautiful dead. We have no little one to fill her place, no little leet to do hor running, no little hands to do her greeting, no little voice to do her talking, no swelling notes to do her singing, no little lips to do her kissing, no black sparkling eyes to do her seeing. All these things, so gay and bright, >"o\v gone, alas! from our loving sight; The puttering footsteps, always dear To a parents.heart, we ne'or can hear; Vainly we'll listen, the spirit has tied. Where angels will love our beantlful deadAlice leaves a devoted father, a fond and tender mother, and many friends faithful and true, who mourn* their loss. She sung very sweetly for one of her age. Ono of her favorito songs was, "I want to be an angel." We little thought she would be one so soon ! May her relatives and friends as they pass away one bv one, follow her to that haven of rest, i'eace, sweet child. J. P. Y. If I ~PENDLETO FOUNDRY & MA AUGUS' HAVING bought all of Mr. Cooper s comnlel pared than ever to furnish IRON AN1) ? keep for dhlc Plantation Steam Engines, < Mills, Grist Mills, Thre Powers, Grin Gearing, i chinery at lo SMITH'S CELEBRAT . For Hand, Horse, TO THE My enstomers knov; that I have heretofc in ut vlp nniiHt v rinri n! ** "v *vi i*v r* v The time has come when these good/ the North and West I do not go backward* but continually ] new styles. I have made redactions in pr pense to place in your hands a Price List t I respectfully invite you to call and exar ing elsewhere. Orders by mail will receiv It would make the list too large to descr Bedroom, ParlorSuits, Dining Room, Offii Secretaries, Dwarf Libraries, and Book Ct this list contains only u few of the prices c PARLOR" SUITES.?Six Chairs, Hair Cloth Reps, 821, 824, 328. PARLOR ROCKERS.?Carved Top, Hair' Cloth or Rep. $0.00,811.00, $14.00, $17.00. MATTRESSES.?Straw nnd Cotton, $3.50. i $4.00: Shuckand Cotton,83.75,$4.25;Cotton80.00 SIDEBOARDS.?Marble Top*. 820, $25, 830, $35, $40, $15, $50; Marble tops upwards to $150. PARLOR SUITS.?Seven plcces. Hair Cloth or uep.s, 5+),sou, sou, a<u,5W, }iiu, j?>uu, $i->; r> iuu plcces, Leather or CtiDe, $15C; Eight pieces, Fine, upwards to $450. CHAMBER SUITS.?Imitation Walnut or Oak, 820; Ten pieces, solid head, carved top, 8-24, 828,834, 840, 845, $50. DRESSING CASES.?Ten pieces, $40, $45, $50.155, $00; Ten pieces Walnut $70, 880, 890, $100, ten pieces Walnut upwards to $<500: CHAIRS.?Cane seat, per half dozen $5.75, Cane sent, Dining half dozen, $*.75, Cunc seat bent Dining per half dozen $10.00, Split seat per half dozen $3 %, Best Cane seat, $4.75, Wood seat, $3.2). ROCKERS.?Wood Seat Arm, $2.00; Wood Seat Nurse, 81.00; Cane Scat Nurse, $2.50; Cane Seat Arm. $3.75. WALNUT BUREAU SUITS.-Tcn picce?, enclosed Wash Stand, $35. $45, $50: Ten pieces, Marble top, enclosed Wash Stand,$4.5, $50, $55, 100. $05; Ten pieces, marble top upwards to $125 No charge for freight, drayage or packn Thanking you for past favors, I October 31, 1877, 12 m. TOZ Steam] i TWENTY Of which are Now 1 : in the County of j fair Prospect ot ; ; fore long. A : Terms can I ; plyii ] k ! Oct. 31, 1877 tf. Dr. BE. 3D. 1 DEN ABBEVILLE, S. C., Off SANTA ; THE LARGES1 IN THII j /CONSISTING OF TOYS, BOLLS. FRENC 1 \J ESE WARE, FANCY SHAKER AND I > RUSSIA Leather Gooods, Walnut Bracketa, I CORAL and Plated Jewelry, Tie* Gloves, i Collars and Cuffs, MILLINERY <*c., i r [ Your Inspection ai r At * October31, 1877, 12 m. FREEHS Jlllil AAtl AFIII IfflL&UN otff i in workmanship is equal t( e | as elegantly finished as a I the highest awards at the 1 ; sitlons. IT 8EW8 ONE-F4 j machines. Its capaoity is t WIL80N MACHINES sold the combined sales of all ! MENDING ATTACHMENT fi WITHOUT PATCHING, give WAJTKD. I WILSON SE! 827 & 829 Broadway, Nev TRY HOME FIRST. CONGAREE m mm, Columbia, S. C. m mmi PROPRIETOR. REDUCED PRICES: VERTICAL CANE MILLS, ANNUAL RETURNS. ALL Administrators, Executors, Guardian*, stud Trustees, who are required by law to make nnnttnl returns of the receipt* and expenditures of their respective estat**, will do so at once, or be subjected to a rule. J. FULLER LYON*, Judge of Probate Court, A. C, i ri:arv6,1678. I List of ^Prices2 Rollers, 10 inchcs diameter, 335 00 2 " 12 " " 46 00 2 " 14 " " 00 3 " 10 " " 60 00 3 " 12 " " 70 00 3 " 14 " " 80 00 Above prlcescomnlete with Frame. Witbou Frame, 810 less on each Mill. HORIZONTAL?3 Roller Mill for Steam or Water Power, $150. Send Your Orders for Cane Hills AND Syrup Kettles TO ! D. B. SMITH, Agent. Abbeville C. H.S. C. j W. c. BEISTET. .Attorney at Xjaw?' Range, Abbeville C. II.? > J / - / N & BROS., I CHINE WORKS! rA, GA. I ;c nt<Jck of patterns, <*c., we ore better pr^B IRA8S CASTINGS, of over}' desertpUon, fto^M Rane Mills. Evaporators. Sa-wM shing Machines, Horse H md all Plantation Ma- H weit Prices. 5fi EDCOTTON PRESS, B am or Water Power. . PTJBLIC, || AUUliHTA, uA., AUglW 1, lot I. ire led the "Furniture" trade of the Soatl^H i can be purchased as cheap from me as aisc the standard of my goods, and ad^H ices wherever possible, and spared no ex^H hat will help you to purcliose goods. H nine my stock and prices before purchatflH e as much attention as if given in persoi^B ibo and copy all the different prices cH ce, Standing Parlor and Ladier Deskf^B uses, manufactured by me, and thereto rc^H >f goods kept by me. 99 BUREAS.?Imitation Walnut nnd GIaj^H $7.75, Sfl.76, Walntlt and Glass, 313.75. Walnut quarter Marble and Glass $19X0,$24.(^B $28.00,534.00- Walnut full Marble and Gla^H and upwards to$lw.00. flK BEDSTEADS.?No. 1 Bed S2.25, No. 2 ?B(fl $2.75, No. 3 Bed Solid Head. 4 feet. $ Inches fairSI $3.75, No. 4 Solid carved top, 5 ft. 6 In. hizH| 94.00, No. & Bed Solid carved fop, French SS.u^H No. 1 Bed Walnut, carved top, gfeethlg^H $7.75, No. 2Bed Walnut, solid head, carved to^H 6 feet 6 in hlel) $>.7o,No3 Bed WalnuL soll^H head, carved lop, 7 reet$ In high $11,75, No^B Bed walnut, solid head.carved ton. 8 reettt li^H high 814,00. WASHSTANDS.?Imitation Walnut $1,71 Walnut enclosed $4,00, Walnut Marbletop$6( WARDROBES.?Walout $17, Walnut tw drawers $19, Walnut two drawer* drop bandit carvcd top $22, $30, Walnut two draw,dro handle, carvcd top, fancy panels SSS. TABLES.?Round or Square $1,50, Walnr centre, draw $3,00, Walnut Centre Marble to 87,00, $8,00, $9,00, $12.00, $18,00, $30,00, $25,00. TOWEL RACKS.?Walnut ?, ?L00, $1,S $2,00, $4,00: SOFAS.?Large Hair Cloth or Rep?, carve top $18, 822,824,830. TETfe-A-TETES.-Tete $15^0 $18,75, $24,75. '*?> remain, yours respectfully. G. V. DeGBAAP. ESR'S ?.r? ffTnoc r tiireeI Forking Successfully 9 Anderson, with a I us many more be* . . B Price List and . | te had by ap- | Qg tO | r? rrnvnn 9 w* COLUMBIA, S G. ^ILiSOKT, TIST, ice Over the Post Office. CLACS. sr GOODS T STOK EVEE 3 CITY: H AND GERMAN FANCY GOODS. JAPAN XDIAN WORK-BASKETS. , Wall Pockets, Mottoe Frames, Ac. Silk, Linen and Embroidered Hankercblefa it unusually LOW PRICES. id Orders Solicited. J. H- TEUMPU NO. 220 BROAD STREET. ILUABLE INVENTION, IE WORLD RCNOWNKD !NG MACHINE 9 a Chronometer Watch, and first-class Piano. It received /lenna and Centonnlal Expo* OURTH FASTER than other unlimited. There are more In the United States than I the others. The WILSON or doing all kinds of repairing* in FREB with each machine. mm MACHINE GO. if York I New OrleanSy La.? Ills.; and San Francisco, Cal. SHOES, SHOES, SHOES. CUNNINGHAM AND TEMFLETON HAvE opened their 8HOE8 and can supply customers at greatly reduced prices. DATC XT A TS TT A T<s -1-1 /i- i. kjj liXIAk'l JUlJlAik/i CALL ON CannmgliaiD & Templeton AND get the latest style HATS for young and old men. groceriesT"groceries. SUGAR, COFFEE, and SHELF GOODS of all kinds at CUKNIN&BiM & TEMPL?TON's. 26 Tears in Bed. IF a man lives 80 years, one third of his life is spent in bed. In order to make it comfortable, all persons should use the spring bed, which is now sold so low as to be within the reach of all. For sale by J. D. CHALMERS A CO. % Oct. 17, 1877. tf. " ? tT~~ fTTTTTTTT fHiariy Jttose roiaioes, ! WHEAT BRAN, ICORN MEAL, PEARL HOMINY, - - ^ A rvr?^i VT?1If TTiT ATTD I AJjIj UltAlHiU inxjii lijuutt, ! JUST roccivod and for sale by BARNWELL & CO Jauuary 23, 1S78. Notice.