The Abbeville press and banner. (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, February 13, 1878, Image 2

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i'fie Press and Banner [ ABBEVILLE, H. C. 1? By HUGH WILSON & W. C. 1JEXET. 11 " = * I Tkums?Twe Dollars a year, in advance 1 or Two Dollars and Fifty Cents, If pay- t nient is delayed. a Advertisements will be inserted at . the rate of One Dollar per inch for the!1 lirst insertion and Fifty Cents for eachji subsequent insertion. 11 Oreailv reduced rates will be given to! those wlio advertise by the quarter or by the year. ' Ail obituary notices, tributes of respect, i and other matter of a personal or private t nature will be charged for at the usual . advertising ratcd% ?? ? 1 < A < AWA Wednesday, ?eo. ia, io/o. Report of State Superintendent ot ' Education. f The Ninth Annual Report of the State Superintendent of Education has been ^ published. A careful enanimation of it n convinces us that Mr. ilugh S. Thompson is a most competent, pains-taking, and I a onergetic official, and the report he has submitted to tlie General Assembly will ' doubtless prove of immense service to the cause of education in this State. As a teacher of experience he has found that j "the present school law is defective and j that in some respects in needs revision;" ^ and he ha.> presented along with his report proper "A Hill to alter and amend the School law of South Carolina," to the!" consideration of which we shall recur , next week. In the "Appendix" he pre-! nents carefully prepared tabular statements J ^ which contain educational statistics of great value. The most interesting item ^ in those tables is the part referring to Abbeville. Markjthe following?"Abbeville 1 County reports the largest number of free public schools, namely lOS." This cannot be considered an enviable distinc tion. It means too great dilution of the I. public funds. With only 4,051 pupils the j number or teachers should not have exceeded 100. Greenville with 5,5^ pupils j had only. 138 tcachers. and though that|e county should reduce the number of her teaching corps, she certainly has done ^ more wisely than Abbeville. It is to bo *, hoped that the school trustees will this year bring down the number ot teachers to the proper figure. We believe such to ^ be their desire, and their wise action in establishing a minimum number of pu- ^ pils, minimum school term of five months and a fixed rato-of pay, will help them ^ greatly in accomplishing so desirable a purpose. J We would refer this morning chiefly to the report proper. It is wise in its sug- ^ gestions, strong and manly in its state- ' monts, and perspicuous in its style. With . regard to School Commissioners the ren port says that only twelve of the thirtytwo in office have given evidence of fitness for their work. Of course it "names r.o names," but it says that if the Como mitteu on Education will only examine ^ the correspondence in the Superintendent's office, "it will be seen that the statements made with regard to some of the Commissioners are not as strong as tiie facts warrant." Here let the reforming process begin. Let the voters of the rtl various counties be careful to elect effi- ^ cient meu to this responsible office. A ci School Commissioner ought to be a man 111 of education, with some administrative ai nliilitr atiri conversant with the litera- T ture aud statistics of the public school hi question;?he certainly ought to bo able j(1 to write aad spell, lie has to manage an ni important trust, to disburse a largo fund, L and to superintend the educational interests of a county. The State Superin- oi tcrident touches the marrow of the ques- R tion when he says, "A competent School st Commissioner should receive a >;ood sal- & arv." A "good salar}1" would command the services of "competent" men; and we A heartily recommend Mr. Thompson's sug- -H gestions 011 this matter. We join with him too in regretting that "in too many instances the Commissioners have been T chosen as a reward for political services tl and without regard to their fitness. T While on the subject of salaries, wo arc ^ ?a tknf tkft rvihon/in (fivan tr\ (i the State Superintendent is unusually inadequate?some ?1,S00. He handles n' nearly a hall-million dollars annually, he P1 has a position and office as responsible as C any in tbe State, and with work that pre- tc vents its being a sinecure. He modestly s( refrains from magnifying his own office, a' and leaves blank in the proposed School cl Law the salary of the Superintendent, w The General Assembly will do well to fill d< up the blauk with at least $3,000; and if they wish to do so without levying an additional tax to pay it, we suggest that they lay under contribution the enormously and absurdly large income of the ' tc I nuspMavc j ^(; Mr. Thompson makes many other ex- \\ cellen: recommendations such as the e?- i tt tabiishmcnt of "a Suite Normal School J q, for the training of teachers." To this and i others we may recur at some other time. ^ Meanwhile we express our entire satis- js faction with the report as it stands; and Ci we sinoerely hope that at the next elec- a] tiou the present State Superintendent will tl bo re-elected. The State needs efficient, gi earnest, aud intelligent servants, and it Qj would be hard to find a man better fitted ^ for the work of his high office than Mr. st Hugh .S. Thompson. d tl Report of the Bond Commission. jc On Thursday. 7th, inst., the Bond Com- tl mission submitted their long-looked-for a< report to the General Assembly. They k have had an arduous task, and seem to n have acquitted themselves well and faith- fa fully. Their report is long?some might c< call it unnecessarily long and verbose? s( but it certainly contains evidence of hard b work, great care, and desire to do a doli- ta cate duty well. Careful examination of is it only confirms us in tho opinions ex- d( pressed in these columns before?that -t _ 1 e n uiure is iiu ueuu jur lupuuiauuti %jx <* omgle cent of the public debt. In our iss^B of the 21st Nov. 1877, we said, "Of the "six millions in question, if they (the p "Commission) find any amounts great S "or small which are dearly fraudulent ta "claims, they will as honorable men rep-} ^ "resenting an honorable State rightfully j ct "set them aside. But they will counsel ai "the State to pay her just debts to the last "mill." J The Commission find the total amount of outstanding consolidation bonds and w stocks is ?4,396,290, and that 81,577,835 are ^ unquestionably valid and funded upon vouchers about which there can be no dis- ir p^te. Only $752 are clearly fraudulent; 'r for, their own words being their witness, ^ the Commission find that "all the eonsol- ^ idation bonds, coupons, certificates, and ib stock produced before the Commission were issued in proper fonn.''' $4,793,Go3of L the vouchers in the treasury are pro- tl nounced valid beyond question, but the T Commission say that $3,999,140, although ai vouchers for this sum are in the treasury, oi "were not issued in accordance with ir law"?which being interpreted means tc ahat there l^-as fraud on the part of the ir tgcnt; as if this would in the last affect tl the interests of bona fide bondholders. Ii Qui f(U-it]>er (Uium facit per *e is a legal ir rnaxiiu, and uiuch thqugh the State may ii despise her fraii d ulentageu t&, she like all d high-minded principals is willing to suffer the loss herself and.will not shoulder it off on the bondholder. The Commission incorporate a good deal of opinion and speculation with ti their Report proper, Jmt we fail to di?- ^ cover one good reason therein for refusal "V to pay the Qouselidatiou Debt. On the a contrary we see the strongest possible J reasons for paying it, with the exception c .of the petty f?*w hundreds of dollars of r .undoubtedly fraudulent claims?a ricHcu- t a* inns. The State is legally bound to >ay it?the decisions of the law courts reonthoside of the bondholders. The State is morally bound to pay it?her ;ood faith and honor, pledged on more han one occasion, must not be jeoparded, 'romises are proverbially brittle ware, >ut South Carolina's promise to pay must lot bo broken. On the lowest ground of I ill?that of policy and self-interest?she I s bound to pay this debt. Repudiation j s a "foul dishonoring word."' Compro-j niso is little better. What will it profit. his State to save afrw millions and lose! ler ^ood namo and credit ? Or rather vhat will it profit this State to attempt to J epudiate and find herself compelled by aw to pay ? The Judicial Election. We do not undervalue the good work lone for the Democracy in the last cam- < >aign by Judges Cooke and Mackoy. -Ve are disinclined even to seem unap- j, reciativeof their services iu assisting us. i Ve speak for our people when we say we ,re thankful for that work and that asistanco, and would be pleased to see it dequately rewarded. Such reward we hink would be given by placing those wo gentlemen on the Commission to odify the laws, or in sosie equally honorble position. But the office of Circuit udge is one of the most important in hie State, and it should be filled by the lost learned and competent and experineed lawyer in the Circuit?one distinuishedfor long service, high character nd spotless reputation. Such a man has een presented for the office in the person f our townsman, Thomas Thomson, :sq. We greatly regret the disturbance of iio tenure of the late incumbents, and iie ousting of the Jsix judges, on account f what was virtually a technical and not vital discrepancy. But the action of io Supreme Court is an accomplished ict, deplore it as we may. Still, grantlg that it was wrong to oust the Judges? nd the people and the General Assembly re sorry the deed was done?yet two t-Ani>c tirill nr?t ?nol*n ntto riirlif titirl ro. ! - lection of all tho ousted six for four ears would be a wrong. The General .sscmbly find themselves obliged to till ix vacant seats on tho Circuit Bench. I is their duty to till those seats with the ten best qualified. The Supreme Court as ousted six Judges:?The General As- j ;mbiy have to elect six Judges:?two . istinct, and unconnected acts. Tho Sureme Court tried to do its duty "with nfeigned reluctance?whether roluctutly or not, the General Assembly liould do tlieirs. Tho Eighth Circuit , ills for tlie election of Col. Thomson, j n all our wide borders there is 110 better j jan. If learning professional and gener- j I, if long and successful experience as a t ractitioner at the Bar, if integrity and uritv of character, be the qualifications lat fit a man to wear tho judicial er- j line and commend him in the eyes of ur General Assembly, tho grateful t lighth Circuit will soon be proud to >cak of J udge Thomson. Is it Pcace or Wart c Russia is at present master of the situ- <1 ion. Her armies and guns, though not ' 1 Constantinople, command the coveted f tv. Tho British fleet is in tlie Barda- jj ?lles, and troops and munitions of war i e being sent from Britain to the Levant. a hr> vnto nf sir million nonmls ! terlinc V is been granted by a two hundred ma- a rity in parliament. Around the parlia- s lent house and through the streets of j ondon and other cities, excited crowds t ng "God save the Queen," and vocifer- t jsly appland tho government's antiussian policy. The windows of Gladone's town house, and of tho Daily rews oflieo were smashed by tho crowd. All the great powers have agreed to c ilstria's demand for a Conference, but a .ussia prefers a small town to Vienna as f 'in rvlnf.t* i\f V. r.v. The ridiculous Greek fiasco has ended, he Grecian army has gone home after le loss of one killed and three wounded, lie Turkish fleet under Hobart Pasha ireatened Athens and other towns, aud reeee begged to be allowed not to light. (Tuesday night's mail brings us grave ews from Europe. The Sultan refuses srmissic^ to the British fleet to approach onstantinople because Russia threaten^ occupy the city if he grants it. Russia ieuis combative, ller people are not ver?e to war witn Britain. Russia aims the right to "protect Christians" ith her army, which England claims to o with her fleet. The hour is critical.) Hell aud Circuit Judge*. The two great questions of the day seem > be, llrst, the existence of hell, and> coud, the election of Circuit Judges, .'e ask this tnird question.?Which of lese two will be tirst solved? The first uestion has been discussed for two ^ lonths in nearly every pulpit from the ' orth Pole to tUe Isthmus; and the end f not yet. The election of our six Cirw ? lit Tndrrnu h'ltt filler? tllA mihlfp. n rARV nd the public ear for threo weeks, and ie end of it Is still invisible. The Hnate und-tho House are playing a sort r see-saw game' with it, and the"poor ixpayer'' stands wonderinglv gazing at lid game. Is the game worth the canle? Every day's delay costs the State 100 Tor prisoner's feed,?not to speak of ie expenses incurred by calling and adturning Courts. Very likely half of ie prisoners now awaiting trial will be ^quitted, and still the poor follows are ept lingering in durance vile when they light bo at work in the held. We have ;ilcd to discover in the reported pro;edings of either House any reason whatever for this expensive and unintelligile delay. Our representatives should .kethe DeoDle. "the poor taxpayer" who their peculiar pet, into their conflonce. ? ^ The Bloe Ridge Railroad. 1 i The proposition to build tho Blue ? idge Railroad by convict labor in this t tale is now before tbe Legislature in a mgiblo shape, under a resolution offered * y Mr. Verner, of Oconee, authorizing s ie Governor to furnish 200 able bodied 0 mvicts to any company who will guarltee the completion "of tho road with 8 i lour years. This is not as liberal as I e were In hopes the General Assembly r ould bo towards the completion of thfs r rand national highway, and we trust it ill yet be amended so as to give two c undred convicts absolutely to tho enter- <3 rise, and furnish thein with clothes and , itions during tho time they are engaged : i this great State enterprise, taking stock 1 i the company to the value of the labor t i furnished. This is the policy which g orth Carolina has pursued with her >nvict8, and it is well worthy of our lmation. The above we take from the Anderson itelligencer, and endorse the sentiment* c lerein contained in reference to convicts. < bis road could be built by convict labor 6 id it would be a standing monument of i ir enterprise and an inestimable bLusa- e ig to the country. Let the convicts go t > work even at the State's expense &nd ? i the course of time the completion of < ie road will be an accomplished fact, f f two hundred convicts had been work- . ig at this road for the past ten years, we j nagine there would now be but little to j 0 ( Death of the Pope. The Pope is dead. At five o'cloekin he afternoon of Friday 7th inst., Pio <ono peacefully breathed his last in the ] ratican. In the eighty-sixth year of his i ge, after a Pontificate of thirty-two ears, during the last eight of which ho < ondemned himself to voluntary i.m- 1 irisonment in the Vatican, tbe head of 1 he Romish Church has departed this life I The Liquor Question. The MofTet Bell Punch Law was rejected by our General Assembly, and rightly so. As a sumptuary law it triod to accomplish very dosirable ends by most undesirable means. New York Legislature is now considering a measure which should umtoall men of every sect, i class, or condition, teetotallers, good tem-1 plars, drunkards, and especially the imnumerable annv of temperate men. "The law which it is hoped the Legisla-; ture will retain limits the sale of liquor j by the gliws to men of good moral charac- j tcr, who can give proper bonds, and who keep an inn?a word which is defined by the law?ami who pay a license fee.! They can not trust, for the debt is void by law* nor take security, for that also is void. They can not sell to Indians, nor to apprentices, nor to minor boys or girls; nor to a man's wife if the husband forbids, nor to a husband if the wile gives warning. These limitations are ull founded in reason and justified bv experience. They are the defenses whicli society, exorcising the right of self-defense, throws up agai.isl a monstrous and increasing janger. ?Jtiarpc.r a weeicty. Let sotno of our philanthropic legisla tors present such a measuro, and wo are confident it will pass l>oth Houses and become law. As a contrast to the foregoing wise and <ensible measure, wo print the following! from the New York World. (It shows that among teetotallers as among the l'en Virgins, some aio wise and some foolish. Fanaticism.?Neal Dow has introduced a felony bill into the Maine Legislature which he fondly hopes willl be more jtt'ectual than any*of its predecessors liave been in preventing tlio sale of lijuor. The sale of liquor is to be punished by a lino of $-00 and six months imprisonment at hard labor; second offense, a year. No liquor is to bo brought uto tho State even for private porsens. People are to be held responsible for liquor found oil tlieir premises, and the uurdeu of proof as to ownership rests on them. Apparatus for selling liquor found is to be deemed evidence of guilt, [fa team is lbund drawing liquor, the horses and vehicle are to be confiscated. Common drunkards are to be sent to jail | for a vear, but released on conviction of :lio seller. Drummers of liquor houses ire to be tined $1,000 and imprisoned fori i year. Officers obtaining conviction are ,o" paid premiums. And so on and so >n. General Neai Dow's legislation has, n twelve years, increased tho county taxition of Bangor from $12,000 to $60,000, while the number of arrests for drunkenness in the city lias increased from 222 at ;he passage of the Maine Liquor Law, to 70. In 1870 there were 222 arrests for irunkenness at Bangor; in 1872,417; in 1874, 643; in 1875, 704, and in 1876, 770.? \ew Fork World. Known Inebriate*. The Keutucky Legislature, says the XjOxmvxIU Courier Journal, have passed a i*erv stringent law against the sale of iquor to known inebriates. The Moffet Bell Punch law did not pass in our Legslature. Wo hope that some faiend of emperanceand morality will frame for his State, a bill similar to the one just )asBod in Kentucky. The "known mediates" are very well known, and it vou Id not be difficult for saloon-keepers 0 obey the law. It would, moreover, be 1 groat comfort to those of us who someimes take a dram, to be able to procure >no in a bar-room. It would be a kind if public certificate that the purchaser >f a glass of whiskey is not a 'known inebriate." The general custom ?as been to dodge about a good deal,?to ;o in by the back door,?to call to sec the )ar-room-keeper "on business,"?to do mything rather than be seen entering a )ar-room. But let such a law be enacted, ind then each bar-room-keeper is a cenor of public morals, a glass of whiskey s a certificate of good character, and redloses and blood-shot eyes will never uore be seen. . + Rnellinr. A movement is on foot In England to ibtain tho appointment by government of i commission of classical and English cholara to reform and fix English spellng. An authorized standard is greatly leeded in both P^ngland and America:t would be well to appoint an internaional commission for the two countries vho use the same language and should >ractiso the same orthography. It is )igh timo that the unphilological and inscholarly innovations of Webster vere done away with. Xhe originul 'American Dictionary of the English 'language" which Webster published for lie expressed purpose of making n low rlbilfM-t nf nnr fnr tlm iso of tins country, has been purified of nost of its ridiculous absurdities and jiunders in spelling and derivation ; but ;ven the greatly improved "Webster's English Dictionary-Unabridged" noeds sorrection and expurgation. The great>st injury ever done to English orthograihy was by the publication of Webster's American Dictionary and Spolling-book. Is Democratic Reform a Mockery t The following proceedings of the [louse of Representatives, are reported o the Register of Thursday last. The House met at 11 A. M., Hpeuker Sheprnrd presiding. Mr. Hamilton Introduced the following conmrrent resolution : W'liereaK. It Is hiirlilv essential and tndls >onsity necessary to cood government that hejudicinry be elevated to the highest standtrd of Integrity and purity, and the Judiciary >f South Carolina he protected and maintain>d unsullied, therefore be it Jirsolved, That In the election for Circuit ludges the General Assembly hereby stand irmly pledged to clect none but able, worthy ind experienced Jurists to All the vacancies >ccasloned by the recent decision of the Suiremc Court, Mr. Simpson moved that the resolution be aid on the table. The yeas and nays were demanded and the rote stood?yeas, 57; nays, 45. The actions of men usually and natu ally express their motive*, and we can mdorstand how Radicals might rote igainst such resolutions, but that Demo:rats should oppose them, need explanaion. Is it the sentiment of the Democ acy, that thejudiciary should not reprelent learning, ability and decency ? Alum's The Word. A flood of printer's ink has been wasted during the past week throughout his State in the stupid work of "drownng a dead dog." The New York Sun'* xposares of the dark doings of Cham>erlain, Leslie, and their confreres have >een printed in extemso by our dailies and ome of our weeklies, just as if those ffenders were not politically dead and ;one. But although the New York Sun tas made most damaging statements with egard to prominent and representative )emocrats who are politically alive, conerning those there is silence deep as leath. Far from printing them, the State >ress doe? not even refer to them; just as f the good character of our representa-, ive men wore not synonymous with the >ood character of our State. Postal. We thank Hon. D. Wyatt Aiken for a opy of the "Report of the Postmaster jreneral." With an immense amount of, itatistics very valuable and instructive >ut %ery dry, it contains some interesting ind entertaining statements. That porion of the Report which exposes the 'Abuse in the Sale of Stamps" by which 'postmasters at fourth-class ofllces" deraud the government and fill their own MVkeU, more entortaining than the 'asliionable novel. Query: Mre our 'rieuds in tb? country who have only one lelivery a-week taking any steps to pro;ure two T 1C0I. Aiken urged the impor,ance and explained the facility of doing General Gary rose to a question of privilege in the Senate on Monday and read a long speech upon the New York Timea article which was substantially the same as the one we extracted last woek rrom the New York Sun. We reprint tils speech from the of yesterday. Read it. I Re-organize the Democracy. U' We publish this morning the resolutions of the State Executive committee. All good Democrats (ull Democrats are good) will read, mark, loarn and intvardlv digest them. Our County already busy with the work of re-organization. Abbeville led the van in the last cam- ,^ paign and she will advance her banner to 1?A Oiir? rt MAu'tinn in Mia f>r\ m i n rf nam. paign. Shu is girding lier loins mid trim-1 lining her lamps, and will not be found j unready when the day for working conies, j ^ The New* and Courier published the! ^ rc report of the Board Commission in extcn- (j( so hist Friday morning,J having received it by telegraph from Columbia:?a tre- di mendous telegram?fourteen thousand ?r words, tilling six columns. This is the ^ greatest feat in Southern journalism. We admire the energy and earnestness of ^ our cotemporary. TheA'eirs and Cour- 0f ittr will flourish forever. It commands 18 success. ^ We call especial attontion to a letter we. print from theJ-Wcu's and Courier 011 the . . . 1. r? ^ * 1.A ruuiu: LfVUl ijuumidii, J.I in iiiiiii kiiu j pen of "a graduato of the South Carolina! College," a fostor sou of our State. It is j uncommonly foroiblo and interesting. Abbeville Trading in Greenville?Bad Roads?An Awnkening Needed. Editors Press and Banner: Of lato we have viewed with regret the storm of trade that h is been flowing with unimpeded current n Greenville. The newspapers have adverted to the fact repeatedly. Still, however, the stream is unbroken. Taking into consideration 1? tho loss of time, the wear and tear of of stock and wajton, and all the exposure incident to the journey, it afforded fewer advantages than would, at first view ap 1.... ?t... ....ui:.. f..:i 111 putir; uut uu? puuiu* <uik> nm t?/ r?w it in any other light than that which they behold through the medium of their passings. I might mention different reasons K1 for the peculiar ideas which the farmers in the Western portion of the county en- J10 tertain, but I shall routinemyself to one, and leave the readers to conjecture the W: remainder. The great direct channel connecting Abbeville Court House with Lowndesville and the section immediately South and South-West of it is elos- w. ed," and though many of the most te: enterprising and spirited citizens have called the attention of the County Coin- tli missioners u> the necessity of rebuilding er Barnett's Uridgo over Little River and rn the bridge which Crosses Penny's Creek at Miller's old mill, and though the Coin- th missioners signified a desire to comply m with the demands of the people, still they co iiavtt ueierreu wie luaucr uuu iieKicctuu u a i until they cannot any longer forbear giv- jy ing vent to their disappointment through the columns of your paper. Why is it i,e that we have been thus cut oflf from mar- ju ket, and compelled by the apathy of our jti Commissioners either to haul by indirect c.n and impassable roads to Abbeville or else as go by better roads to a more distant mar- |,? ket? Of these two evils the latter is the (1j best. Our merchants who have goods to th sell, our citizens who have built lino fr! dwellings and surrounded theui with ifl beautifully ornamented grounds, in a word, all whom a love of gain or a l'ohdness for the enjoyments of social life nj have attracted to Abbeville should exer- j? cise all the itrllnence which they possess to induce the County Commissioners to (jt rebuild and keep the bridges in a thor- tj, ut-ifn rvf Hinuir. - 'I'limiunnris of d<jl- ... lars were lost to Abbevillo last>- Full, and j jSJ tens of thousands will he lost next Fall, i (jc unless some measures are taken by those nl who disburse the public money to promote the interests of those who pay it. V1, It is not necessary that the Treasury should be tilled with county money in |)e order to construct those bridges. County ! Scrips might be employedjin cancel1 ing I j? county debts, and afterwaras be received j)C for county taxos. In making these suggestions we are actuated not less by a dc- c0 sire to promote the public prosperity than -[<1 a zeal to advance our private interests. ()i C'mziiN. gr The Need for the University. ^ Editors Press and Banner : *>? th Tho " Abbeville Medium" is laboring un- pi der quite a mistake in supposing that the \v poople of the country are all opposed to ta. the passage of the University bill. There ni are some people who have sense enough to believe that sound andi'u extensive scholarship is verv rarely ac- th quired when the very existence of col- m leges depends upon" public patronage. Mankind, tlio young especially, are gen- M erallv but the foot balls of passion, and St limited indeed must be the inlluence "> which any faculty can exercise over them when they know that that faculty is placed under so great a* disadvantage. Make the faculty independent of the pat- 111 ronage of the public, and vou will soon find the standard of scholarship will be tjr elevated and fewer ignorant coxcombs, he calling themselves graduates, too iudolent to perform manual labor and too ignorant to discharge the duties appertain- re ing to pursuits involving an exercise of re the intellectual powers, lie turned loose P' upon our country. To this, more than to anything else, mu?t? we attribute the cr: ignorance, the bigotry, the prejudices of th all kinds so prevalent in our State. Ill da educated ministers of the gospel do the of cause of Christianity more harm than the be ablest champions of infidelity have ever lai been able to inflict. This is rather paradoxical, but it is nevertheless true; the ce reasons are quite obvious. So with of the lawyer, the phvsician, the teach- 0(X er. They bring their different pro- * f'essions into disrejmte. They pervert tho Oc opinions am' ihe taste of those who come di in contact with them, to their great det- of riment and to the detriment of mankind er generally. I hope that the University dii bill may pass and-that our public men, < includiug lawyers, ministers, physicians, de tnm>li?rs nnrl hint, hut not Ipuvit nnliti- bl cians, may hereafter be calculated by mi both their "mental and moral training to sic direct the current of human passion un- M der the guidance of a more comprehen- thi hensive and enlightened human under- un standing, to safer channels, where it can forever liow, warbling its strains of peace bo and harmony. iui A FRIEND TO EDUCATION. pr -? -? ve Evils of Primary Ejections. Co Editors Prcs? and Banner: ' As the time appointed for the organ i- ne zation of the Democrotic clubs in the county is approaching, it is to be hoped \ that the Central Club will devise some ati means by which the Savannah side of the country will get a showing. The policy of having primary elections may do very ] well in securing" a victory against the f()1 common enemy, but it will never bring ^ justice to the side on the Savannah. It is f(), hoped that it will not bo in 1878 as it was jai in 1876, a hard fight, a glorious victory j wifhrmt nnv nf it.n Knnils. Not that the ?t.. Western nart of the country covets any do of the public offices for the salaries which i they pay, but simply that it may be rep- nn resented by men who can advocute its tj,( claims and maintain them. We have the ej same right to good bridges and things in- va volving an expenditure of the public i moncj* that other people in other sections en f the country have, and wo claim that at* some of us have been sadly neglected to i our disadvantage and injury. mj Little Rivkr. ni. of The Judicial Elections. 50 (Columbia Register.) ; The Senate has again postponed the th< consideration of the election of Circuit au Judges. The matter has boen brought bo before the Senate three times since the ne decision of the Supreme Court, and pa without any adequate reason known to fj,] the public," the time for considering the [jj, resolution has been delayed to a future ( day. When that day arrives, the majori- 0|j ty'of Senators agree* to put oil' the reso- re. lution again. Jsoonecan object to a lu- ] ture day being named for the election, re( but the* Senate has not yet reached the Hit point to set the day. What is the diffi- cjj culty? The action* of the Senate has tlie jj,, appearance of trifling with an important , question, and there is no doubt that the thi business of the country will be further m. dolaycd by non-action. Before the de cision of the Supremo Court was ren- so dered, there was sojrio impatience mani- on fested in the Senate at tne brief delav, and the proposition was seriously made er, to declare the judicial ollices vacant in co advance of the decision. The change of co tactics has been unaccountable, and the thi people would be much enlightened if 0f the reasons were made known. Is the ,je purpose to defeat nominations by party j*OJ cancus? The House of Representatives will not be caught in that trap, we are pr confident. 8U oh So enthused have some of tho members i of the Legislature of Vircinia become be over the Moffett register law that thev w< have proposed its extension to other arti- m< cles. A bill was introduced into the to Legislature of the Old Dominion last th week requiring all persons selling cigars fif to take out a State license and be fur- St nished with a Moffett register. Every ap time the dealer sells a cigar , ho turns the an crank of tho registor, and at tho end of ' each month ho makes oath of the num- m< ber sold and pays a tax of one cent on alt each cigar sola.?Savannah Jfews. J he Public Debt Question. ? ' imething for Onr Lawgivers to Read [)] and fonder, ?? in . t,J he Clear, Forcible and Earnest Ap- tv Veal of a Foster-Son of South of Carolina. ?' lis Hiciimond, Va., February 4,1878. \ is > the Editor of the New a and Courier: | p: The lasting gratitude of the people of ids mth Carolina is due to the News anrfjM mrier for the splendid series of articles | ri cently published concerning the State | T ?bt, opening rightly with the title, "An w trieate and important question." The pi scussion really strips it of its intricacy ei id places its importance in the clearest fo ;ht. TJ FAOT8. The grand salient facts are exhibited in e following brief and rapid chronology ( the Suite debt: ti US?Oct. 31 ? 7,302,231 1)9?Meh 23 tho Conversion Act. v, " Oct. 31?Itejiorted debt, ^ not full as to into rfst and float ing debt.. 6,667,703 ? 70?Oct. 31 7,665,903 ? 71?Oct. 31 15,801,327 " Muv 9, the Taxpayers' c( Convention recognizes... 9,865,906 0) 72?Meh 13, Validating Act. H Oct. 31 ..15,851,327 73?Oct. 31 15,851,627 w " Cec 22. Consolidation Act w Repudiates 5,965,000 Recognizes 9,886,627 w Proposes 50 cents ln on the odllar of f0 recognized debt. ai 84?Canvass for Governor. |a Both sides accept tho ^ settlement. o; 76?Hampton Canvass. Acceptance: ^ By Executive Committee. By conduct of canvass. a. By action of the Wallaco House. sj Tlie 'foregoing brief chronology is the w ideus of tlie tacts. 9f The llr.st item exhibits tlie debt of the ato contracted by herself. It is the j., eat recognized landmark and point ol' v, iivii'tnrn #/?? ill I'nt nrn ntlil 1""""" *Wi "? ??? ""J"""" """ iiipai ison. It was made by a Governor ^ ith Oc jure and dc facto when the State jr as her own mittress. A ORKAT LANDMARK. ni On the 31st October, 1808, the honest w (bt of the Stale, funded and unfunded, w [us in round numbers seven and a quar- tl r million of dollars. The" Misgovernnient then began. In c( ree 3<ears. bj' October 31, the Misgov- al nment had raised the debt to over 15J m ill ions. Si Its earl}- action was fair upon its face? tl 0 passage of the Conversion Act of ct arch 18<)9, expressing for its object the o] nversion of the State securities into si uniform series of the same tenor and r( ite. . tl If properly carried out this would have b en a wise and judicious measure, use- w 1 both to the Suite and the bondholders, n s real object, however, was quite differ- p it from the apparent. It was designed a cover for fraud. Bonds wero issued if the Misgovernineut not only to take n > outstanding bonds, as provided for by VJ XXVU It I 14 IllUUII^ IJ1 1 ainJJI^ UIWIIVJ Vt' uidulently and without authority of d< w, lor the private rise of its members. 7-1 Not content with plundering the State h ^ordinary taxation, tlie Misgovern ment fr ado the name of South Carolina the strmnent of speculating on her crcit. ti Two years later, in 18 '3f tho wrong- ti icrs took advantage of their own wrong; c< v. Misgoverntnent repudiated $6,000,00(1 the bonds they had thus fraudulently ri wed?recognizzd $),8St5,tf27 as the actual B l)t?sind proposed to compromise this 1J fifty cents on the dollar. U In the interval, however, between these p irious actions of the Misgovernment, e real people of South Carolina had not ;en entirely silent. * One of the most remarkable and impos- u K Ul L1UII7) cvt-l UIIVCII U V Oil U|l|Mrnnv? Q] lople was witnessed in Columbia on the li of May, 1671?a dignified and manly |a nvention of t he tax-payers of the Slate, q ic writer of this article* was present at I r( 10 of tlie sessions of this body. li It was a product of the timwi. less and and noble, and even mor6 ijnpres- ti ve and touching, in the real need and tl e stern pressure which brought, it forth, p an the Declaration of American Jrfdc- 0 mdence. The latter was for anticipated e i-ongs?the former for actual oppressions r surpassing the worst which tho Colo- 0 sts even apprehended, h This Convention met to arrest the fear- (, 1 career of Misgovernment and protoot e plundered people. With admirable jj inn sinH wnlt-jrovnrnninnt. iL took w to consideration the past action of the ? isgovernment, the present status of the aie debt, amounting to $9,1*65,908, was a t valid debt, for which the honor and a rids of tiie Suite were lawfully plcdgI:" but solemnly warned all persons j, ainst future issues by the Misgovern- (j ent. * c< This action of the Tax-payers' Conven- tt] >11 furnished the real ground of the con- w lence in subsequent transactions by n mdbolders. Its word was better than 'p e bond of the authorities dcfacto. Its pi solves surpassed in validity and public pi spect tho broad Seal of the State, ap- ii ied by wrong hands. r< The debt acknowledged by the Tax-pays' Convention in 1871 was substantially ii osanio in amount and in items with the w bt recognized by the Consolidation Act oi 1JS73, and which by it was prof)used to | tt compromised at 50 cents on the dolr. L:nder this compromise, if generally acpted, the debt would stand, on the*31st ~ March, 1877, at a little below $ii,000,- j I Compare this with the great landmark,. Iri tober .Jl, 18G8, ?7,250,<)0u and observe a j mminion 01 one aim a qiutuvr minimis j dollars, besides interest and some oth- j ^ items not included in estimating thei.)( mi 11 lit ion. {j Dn what basis does this ?G,000,000 of in- C!, btedness stand? Certainly on a very w oad basis, capable of sustaining mucn aj ore tlian ?ti,000,000. The original con- ^ leration on which it was founded, before isgoveniment began, was much larger an $6,000,000. The original promise was ueh larger. u [f.in the process ot consolidation some 0I nds issued by the Misgovernmentwere 0| eluded, they "were only such as were ni onounced valid not only by the Misgo- ^ rnment but also by the Tax-payers' p, invention. They have a double sane- {3, 'U. veil uu mvoo wunun, 111c uw?ra ilized an average of about 4S per cent., 0] :irly the 50 per cont. oi' the Consolida- 8j n Act. 8t rhe special saorcdness of a compromise j., niches to the Consolidation bonds. a, iny holders have had three sets of ai nds, viz: , b, 1. The bonds originnllj' given and paid tv in old times, dollar lor dollar. V( Conversion bonds, given in exchange ja these original bonds, dollar l'or dol- ^ !. Consolidation bonds, substituted for ase Conversion bonds, at 50 cents in the liar. > t0 Unfortunately many holders, amidst the rj certainties, were compelled to sacrifice n) sir bonds?all the elements and chances to I'eoting the price and lowering the ,n lue. m What, to the creditor, was the consid ition for the surrender of his old bonds half price? ? [t was tho consideration of a com pro- t.( iae, i. e. a /icUlemciill It was to have the <l( \tter settled. Finality was tho essence the consideration in tho reduction to fier cent, of tho face of tho bonds. j!% his is the specitic object of a eompro- ri ise. The parties conio together, take m e matters between them into consider- ^ on afresh, and a new promise betw*een aj th parties, a compromise is made. This w contract settles the. relation of the * rties. It is not ambulatory like a will, it final like a deed?a bond?intended to iid and niako things fast. Only fraud in the creditors themselves, in tninitig tho compromise, can justify the m opening. ' th [f re-opened, tho principles of justice :)uire the creditors to be put in strict m itu quo. Tho State cannot tako tho w ances of reduction and yet not givo to ?c Btn the chances of increase. Only the eminent of the creditors justifies ar c re-opeuing, even on these terms of utual chances of advantage. The compromise elfected bv the C'oniidation Act was a most advantageous o to tho State. " Whether we regard the original considution and tlio original promise, the new " nsidoration and tho now promise, the !,s tnpromise or promise together, whether ,n b Action of the (Government rfcfacto, or tho Tax-payers'Convention, or of the jK oplo themselves, or the more or less "c rnial ratification ending in that of the allace House, the ?<i,CKK),000 of tho com- 111 omiso under tho Consolidation Act m' ind as a basis of unusual and peculiar 011 ligation. re Duly by mutual contest can tho matter cr jus'tly ro-opened. Wiiat, for example j-.'1 mid be thought of it If the creditors lo oved, Instead of tho State, and claimed be put in statu quo as they stood before th o surrender of one hundred dollars for ty dollar!? No higher light has the iU ate, except by consent, to exerciio such dc ower out her part would bo arbitrary pe d unjust. ze rho principles Involved are those not of m ero law, but of honesty and good fcith gr io. sq :io far as law is concernod, tftore is no ao ifVnco. Lay aside tho protection of! | vereignty and ask the Courts, and the lestion is already decided. Assume sovereignty, put on your dig- ' ty as a Slate, and declare yourself, in e language of your motto, AnSmfa Opii.sqiie Paratius?prepared in mind and cans?and there is no 'fair escape from ic debt. V, A liroad distinction is to 1)e made beveeA' fraud on the part of the agent tiler State and fraud on tho part the weditors. Fraud on their part not even alleged. Fraud in the agent cured iiy uie rauucauun i?j ine pnnciil. The debt recognized in the Consoliition Act was ratified not only by the [isgovcrn merit, but by that august and sally sovereign body, the Convention of ax-'nayer.s?tho very State?tho body hicn represents its real majesty, nndeseeially its levying and tax paying sovergnty?a ratification all the more solemn u rn ils usual concomitants. HE IIOUK OF TRIAL?T11E DUTY OF THE HOUR. TJow for the first lime the real people of )uth Carolina, and her real representaves, aVe subject to temptation. The Confederate debt was declared innHii under duress; it was not tho act of le people of .South Carolina. Even the fraudulent portion of the Conersion bonds were not repndiated bvtho ;al people. The authors of the fraud ere the authors also of the repudiation. Now for the first time the question uries home to the real people. The stain r repudiation has never yet touched teni. The writer of this article has not ne dollar of interest in her debt. He as too poor himself to invest, but he erfjuraged it by others. Though not a rauth Carolinian by birth, her University as?is Alma Mater, and he has ever foliwed her history with the interest of a ister son. Many of his near relatives nl dearest friends among her citizens, ung a source of pride, in her history for ic last few years there has been much to teite sorrow and 83-mpathy, but nothing > excite shame. Why this appeal now? Not from any ^prehension lest friends so trusted jould err in their own position. The riter knows too well men who are the ml of honor, the embodiment of ehivrv, at whose feet he would sit again to ikc lessons in an mm is nonio nna eieited in public and private life. In Souili Carolina ho saw the highest leal of Slate pride and its grand rellex dluenee upon its people. Butjtbese true men have fought enough iany long and hitter struggles, and are eary of conflict. One looking from ithout can survey the field perhaps to le advantabestgp.. I write from Virginia, where a similar )ntest is raging, Here it is the topic of 1 conversation, and so brings home to 10 the present trials and temptations of uuth Carolina. I have only feared lest le good men and true of the State rejive harm. So splendid is the past f the real people of South Carolina that le has a great treasure to preserve. Her icent political victories have been hailed iroughout the South, and wo might say y many thrpughout the whole country, ith joy and gratification. The very nme of Hampton brings thunders of aplause. Jlnf. in vnin th? crpat Ilamnton victorv , alter all, the iionor of the State should ot be preserved. There must, if needs be, bo a rally to elend the honor of South Carolina graner than the recent rally to defend her ights?even ns you would defend the onor of your daughter moro than her >rtune. Public faith is full of analogies to cliasty. Not ravishment but consent it is lat disgraces. You are now asked to 'jjiscnt?for tlic first time to consent! Conscience is quick to perceive the ght?it is casuistry which is slow. In unvan'b powerful allegory one Mr; I'll ause" is represented as the orator of the 'evil. In a question of honor first imressions are ever the safest guide. CONSEQUKNCKS. The consequences are endless?on reptation, and on what lies much deeper? ti character itself. As affecting reputation, repudiation \ ists like a fossil imbedded in all subseuont history. Observe Senator Lamar's 3cent melancholy utterances as to its isting effects on Mississippi. Its elfect on character?011 the real fulre of the State and people?is even tore pernicious. The re Ilex influence of ublicon private morals is all powerful, x. hi biting itself in private repudiation, t/aded taxes, loss of all State pride, and >ss of moral tone?the highest heritage f a people? and no people have this oritage more complete than the people f South Carolina. Its elfout on business, on credit, on the lflux of people arid of capital, on the jspect of maukiud, is huge and permaant. This is to a State what unohastitv is to woman. Repudiation is the unpardonble sin of a State. Nor are the consequences to tho bondolders themselves to be unconsidered, 'iidcr your own representations they acjpted your terms. The holders are not 11 bloated bondholders?there are those hose little all went that way, from eondence in you. The endorsement of tho ax payers* Convention, the understood osition of the Democratic party as the I urty .11 honesty and virtue, the pledges i the canvass and in tho llouse of Ilepjsontatives ? all these were the jmmitment of tho real people, udeed, the election of Hampton; it as thought, settled it nil, and the <;rodiirs of the Su?te thought their 50 cents on j ic dollar safe. i A GREAT MORAL QUESTION. In Virginia, now, this is regarded ns a rcat moral question, not one of ordinary olicy or mere administration. It con-! }rns tho character of the people, even lore than their material interests. Here le clergymen of all denominations pray ?r the triumph of honesty and good faith, he rally will not be in vidn. The real opular sentiment is often much mistaen. There is a deepunder-current of honity, not so loud as the surface noises, hich nro mistaken for the whole. Here"ter it may be otherwise, for out of repniation grow demoralization and corrupon as naturally us fungus from a muck eap. Tho poor and needy should bo made to nderstand tho etlect of repudiadion upi their interests. A singular delusion ften exists among them, and men are lost alarmed about taxation who pay no ixes. Here, in Virginia, the men who iy the taxes are the most earnest in their rotests against repudiation. And for hat is the stainless name of South l?arUia to be exchanged? The bribe is in ply contemptible. Tho whole condidated debt is much less than the acnowledgetl obligations of tho real State id tho roal people. The disputed items e relatively small in amount, and a road distinction is to be observed hereon fraud in your agent and fraud in | aur creditors. Tho latter does not ox-: ts, and the former, so far as it exists, is boon cured by ratification in many rms, and upon ample consideration for compromise. Oh, for the voice of a Thornwell, now, pierce through every false pretext, and nir forth the words of truth and sober-1 3ks! For the voice of Calhoun, of Presn, of tho Fathers! You have buried any noble dead. Could they but apeak, ethinks they would say to tho noble en still living, "See to this matter. :oneein yourselves about it. Open every lvonue to the hearts of the _peoplo and ;heir representatives and save tho honor )f the State." Let your new career be as unsullied as >ur old. Let no shameful lapse, no 'en doubtful policy, wind up the glo- , ous historv crowned by tho splendid trinph of Hampton, with the record that ie hour of vour triumph was tho hour so of your fall?like Lucifer, never to , se again. GRADUATE OF THE SOUTH CAROLINA COLLEGE. The Greenville Xeu-s in 'an ablo argnent in favor of re-election of moat of e Judges as matter of policy, says: "Without going into the many argu- > cuts and reasons for this as tho best ' >licy, we think our representatives will t wisely to re-elect several of the rent incumbents, at least Cooke, Mackey id Shaw, and we believe the neople will idorse their action in so doing." The Lancaster Ledger is stoutly oppod to increasing the number of Juages. 1 says: Resolutions were introduced in both 1 ouses of tho General Assembly, as soon the decision was made public, to go to an election to till tho vacancies at an rly dav, but it appears that tho Senate in no Dig hurry, and it is said that that >dv makes delay in order to pass an aot , redistnet the State and increase tho jmher of circuits to ten. The cousum- ' ation of such a measure would he an ! itragc upon the people, better by far 1 duco tho number of judges than in- ' easo them. Better for tho tax payers 1 at an injiiinary be established at once r the pots." ' The Georgetown Times is a friend of 0 State University. It says: "That state must bo poor iiuloed, and i,peoplo penurious to a crime, that will >t endeavor to better and, if possible, . irfect, the intellectual status of its citins. A people that have paid eighteon ills tax when it was known that a eater portion thereof was stolen and uandered, would scarcely grumble at 1 additional mill or so to tho regular c ? annual lax, which additional levy will bo devoted to the noble purpose of placing South Carolina educationally on ti par with her sister states; of giving her sons, what a great mary of them so urgently need?a state university. v? ';; &S A Jtyll v? Secure Advances for Agri- j iMiltnml 1* ll rnndfis m r * w i Be it enacti'd by the Senate and House I of Keprosetitatives-of the State of Soutb I Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same: Section 1. That if any person or persons shall make any advances of money, corn, corn meal, eorn fodder, hay, F outs, bacon, salt, pork, suit beef, salt nsh, I molasses, guano, meuicine or agiicultu- I ral implements to uuy person or persons |l who are engaged or auout to engage in cultivation ol tlio soil, the person or persons so making such advance or advances shall !ve entitled to a lien 011 the crop irhi/ih muif tin morln rlnrinir thn ifnn? im. n IJlVvll UIMrjf uu U1UUV U VtlUl^ J LUi 11 JkJ on the land in cultivation of which the advances so made have been expended _ in preference to ali other liens existing V or otherwise, except that when, under the provisions of this Act, advances shall bo made to a tenant or laborer, the landlord of such tenant or laborer shall have a preferred lien to tho lien crcated under this Act or otherwise, and ho portion of the crop raised, as is contemplated by this on which raised until the rent due the landlord shall have been first paid and A discharged. Provided, an agreement in writing siiall be entered into before such advance is made, in which shall bo speci- tj tied the quantity of cach of the above a specitied commodities to be advanced or in which a limit shall bo tixed, beyond which the advances tf made from time to lime during the year shall not go, which agreement shall be liled in the oftice ol' the Krister of Mesne Conveyances in the County in which the person to whom the advances are made resides within thirty days from its date. Skc. li. It shall be the duty of the person T or persons receiving such advances tode- ^ liver to the person or persons making the siuu uuvuncu5, uuer me payment ana suusfactiou ol' the lien lor rent, if any exists, all crops as rapidly as gathered and prepared lor market, until said lion is fully satislied, alter which time the remainder o said crops shall be freed from said lien. Sec. 3. It shall be the duty of the person or persons making said advances to apply tho proceeds of all crops and portions of crops delivered by the person or persons receiving such advances to the satisfaction of the lien hereinbefore au- _ thorized, and to notify the person or persons receiving such advances whenever the same is paid and discharged. Skc. 4. In case any attempts are nrtade to defeat the lieu hereinbefore provided for, it may be foreclosed in the manner provided by law for tho foreclosure of liens for rent. X Sec.5 . If either of tho parties to the ' said lien shall violate the provisions of this Act, the party so violating shall be j deemed and hold guilty of a misdertiean- u ?. A iuNnnS..imn tViAi*An#* in onti UI', UliU, UJJUII W'll T IViMVH lAJVsaw* WMJ Court of compete it jurisdiction, shall be fined or imprisoned in the discretion of tlio Court. Sec. 6. That this Act ahnll be and re-j2 main of force, for two years from the ratification thereof. Sec. 7. All Acts or parts of Acts inconsistant with or supplied by this Act are hereby repealed. Respectfully submitted, JAMES \V. WATTS, Chairman. TI1E JUTE INDUSTRY. A Northern View of One of the Healthy ~ Signs in South Carolina. f [i-Vojn the Nation.] * Tlio derangement of industrial and so -*.? ? K?f Plttl rcnHlOHS 111 OUUUJ Vjuiuuua uiuotu k/j secession ami emancipation was considerably mitigated by the development of the great phosphate interest, and now, as if to make the return to a healthier political condition, the planting and manufacture of jute, begin to assume impor- 1 tance. It has been found that the home ' of the sea island cotton is also fitted for ' the. profitable culture of jute, and the Charleston Bagging Manufacturing Company has beglin to open subscriptions with a view to starting a mill that will employ sixty hands, of whom only eight will be men. The experiments made with tho plant in the neighboring States of Georgia and Florida, as well. as in Louisiana and Texas, all point to the ultimate success 01 mis new mnusiry, already more extended than those who have given no attention to the subject might suppose. The report of tho coin- "1 inissioner of agriculture for 187iJ contains -* an elaborate paper on jute, by Prof. S. 1( Waterhouse, of Washington (St. Louis) a University who has studied its cultivation in India; and as the earliest plant- C ings in tho United States take place in April, there is time lor all who wish to inform themselves to do so. Some of tho stalks grown in the States named reached the height of fifteen feet: the v yield was in several cases at the rate of o enn 'info onrl thn filirn in a,i>UU |JV/UliU^ bu kiiu uv IV, uiim ki.v M./.w ... some instances was judged superior to the Indian. The seed, too, has been improved, and is one-sixth hoavierthan that _ of India. Many branches of rnanufac- i tur? which now use jute cither sparingly or not at all, would be stimulated to use it-freely, not only for bagging and baling, 11 but for paper and all sorts of textile 0 fabrics from carpets down, as the example of Dundee has r.o well taught us. A product which has become the fourth staple in the exports of India, yielding procedendo only to cotton, opium ana J rice, may easiiy take a commensurate 1 rank with us. Wo appear to have inl abundance the not nnn moist climate ana > pood soil -which it affects, and we certain- I ly have the ingenuity to compete bv j machinery with the crude and ciieap labor of India or tho skilled labor of ? Scotland. Wo wisli success to .the T Charleston enterprise. p , v ? i A1AD0IN e 1 Security Osl, u HOUSEHOLD OIL IN USE. 0 M 150 Degrees Fire-Test. a. . -'OR. WHITE I3V COLOR. t* Fully Deodorized. al LLWOTEXPLODE * HIGHEST AWARD AT entennialExposition Vor Execllcnce of Manufacture r * AND HIGH FIRE TEST. L --dorscd by the Insurance Companies. ? Rrr.i this Certificate ? One of How Ann Fire Insi-uanck Co. or Bat.tiKoi.fi, Baltimore, Dec. 23d,1H74.?M'tsrt. C. W'rst ?? .v.n.t,?o>iulrmen: Haring used the various oils sold In this city for illuminating purposes, I rr take fileanurein recommending your "Aladdin I .' ecuritv Oil" (is the tafnt and but ovor used in j* cur household. Yours truly. [Signed] ANDREW REESE, President. ; Manufactured Iry C. WEST & SONS, Baltimore. _ Try It, and yon will tu? no other. State of South Carolina,* County of Abbeville. IN THE PRORATE COURT. "c Ex-Parte? "Win. Wlekllflfe. Fi Petition of Final Discharge. thj \*TM. WICKLIFFE. having applied to the ta W Court of Probate for a llnal discharge < from the Administratorship of the Estate of ? James IX Hall. It Is ordered, that Wednesday, the sixth day of March next, be fixed as the V time for granting said discharge. ^ J. FULLER LYON, Feb. B. 1S7S. J. Pro., A. C. _ IVotice. G ANNUAL RETURNS. ALL Administrators, Executors, Guardians, and Trustees, who are required by law to make annual retuniH of the receipts and rxpendlturcs of their respective estates, will Jo so at oncc, or be subjected to a rule. J, KULLEK LYON, Judge of Probate Court, A. C. 1 February 6,1S78. pi; CARPENTRY" r THE undersigned hereby gives noticw that he is prepared to do all kinds r>f J Carpenter's Work and g Building. a* EIo also repairs Cotton Gins, Thrashers CI ind Fans. A full supply of Gin Material _ ihvays on hand. Farmers are requested ;o bring their Gins up early in the season x> allow time to have them "properly prepared. Also Agent for the Taylor Cotton Gin, he Brooks Cotton Press, and all kinds of Tl liubbor and Leather Belting. D. B. SMITH, I Abbeville C. JI., S._C^ "Eugene B. Gary. n Attorney at Law, ABBEVILLE C. H., S. C. " 49-flpcclal attention to the collection o 'lulius. [Nov. 12,1870 tf < TRY HOME FIRST, * CO jSTO APIEE ? Hors Columbia, S. C. ^uerec!, Mlllfi, 1 PROl'RtlOTOit. Nfe ..... REDUCED P&ICES: ERTICAL CANE MILLS, II List of Prices- ' Jfl 2 Rollers, 10 inchcs diameter, $3.5 00 2 " 12 " ' 45 00 1*7 2 " H " . " 66 00 YV 3 " 10 ' ? 80 00 3 " 12 ' " " ...... 70 00 3 " 14 " " SO 00 .a,; . bovc prlccscomplete with Krnmo. ..Wttbou Frame, S10 less on each Mill. . t Com tORIZONTAL?3 RolleiMiU ^ for Steam Or Water Pow' #ieA " J"'\VTL fir. SlftO. 0nH Else Send Your Orders foc ri. ,s. 1 lane Mills , ^ AND ;;L ? Syrup Ketiles 4 - ' '!! .. v i : - /*, ?'' TO , ;n .' * D. B. SMITH, Agent. Abbeville C. H,S. C. ? Fc ri a nninr n. R. prvAnc., GE DEALER IN BATCHES, DIAMONDS, Mi EWELRY, SILVERWARE , - * And Fine Fancy Goods," _ 06 BROAD ST. COR. MelftTOSCH, ^ ...LllAm FO AUGUSTA; G A,,' " established 1842. *" ' .1 I! ' WATCHES and JEWELRY careHully REPAIRED AND WARRANTED. .J Octobcr 1877,3m. ' ; I iHARLESTON H0T L, i E. 11. JACKSON & CO;;'- ; ...... ? CHARLESrON, S., C.V. 8 r |>ATES REDUCED. *2.o0, 83.00 AND ?.00 , LV I'Ett pay, According to location of *Jjf jum, [fiecuinber JO, 1870, iim.. trfC . . . .? gjj) Tie Palmetto Cii Gin, t MANUFACTURED BY i'1" on J. M. MATTHEWS, js Ninety-Six, S. C.' v; .? ? DEALER IN - s .<!: tJv Furniture, coin , Belting and f.01 Gin Material generally, and Agent! sr Steam Engines, Threshers, Reapers' ?V1 nd Mowers, Cotton Presses, Ac. ( f"( CONDENSERS, Feeders and Seed j ,K" Irushers attached to Gins when desired. or. repairing carefully done. , <?* All communications receive prompt at- P? ention. , . '. |?1J] Purchasers should call or correspond J?* rith him before purchasing elsewhere. l',1( Jyi oun, 1877, tf. ' |PU' . th( T/> TlflKfnro rcr j/guiv/is, ,,, ftH( VTO man has been more lenient than I " 1 1^1 have been towards my dnbtors; awl J L>r this reason I think they should pay. 'n tie now that I need the money. JPay up" id scores and start anew. > , > iw Respectfully, by W. T. PENNEY, ? Oct. 17, 1877, tf. tM pu JAY, TA mil ILL & CO, T Manufacturers of anil Dealers In n CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, WAGONS, VT, U SADDLES, TRUNKS, HARNESS, * jEATHER AND SHOE FINDINGS, goi PRINGS, AXLES, CARRIAGE MA 'ERIAL, MACHINE BELTING AND rgj 'ACHING, 225 Broad Street, Oppo- J ite Central and Globe Hotels, Au? usta, Ga. We are now receiving a large and var;d assortment of vehicles for, business Iw r pleasure. A full assortment of 1,2 y nd 4 HORSE WAGONS, best manufac are, at the lowest prices. Call and exmine our stock. ^ , JJC DAY TANNAHILL & CO. rov. 7, 1877 . 3m. COKESBUEY : :Oi\FERENCE SCHOOL, m okesbury, Abbeville Couns n vj5 w< VI UIE Eighty-third Pesslon of twenty wool:s begin* oil the second Monday, Hth of nunry, 1ST8. J. P. PRIOHARD, A. M., Rector. i n Dr. F. F. GARY, Secretary llourd Truttcee. EXPENSES. lltlon, Primary Department, $12.00 " Intermediate " 16.00 " Senior " 20.00 jard per month, ; 10.00 _ Sons of ministers of the Conference, free of 0 itlon. ? .. ?,l5 lx>catlon, proverDinny neauny. r.asuy uc- i ssiblft by Greenville and Columbia Railroad. 1 immunity, Intelligent, refined and moral, proc ee from drum shops, gambling saloons, and G1 air attendant evils. Se For Cotalojjue, address the Ilcctoror Sccre- Tb ry, of Board Trustees. bevl Dctobcr 31,1877, tf. <".spe ITOES, THoisTsHois. T CUNNINGHAM L AND < TEMPLETONBu EIAvE opened tlicir SHOES and can supv customers at greatly reduced prices. I ATS, HATS. HATS. CALL ON ftniidai & Templelon D* \.N'D get the latest style HATS for young d old men. ROCERIES, GROCERIES. (VGAIt, COFFEE, and SHELF GOODS of /~v] kinds at I > II UNHIN GHAM & TEfflPLETDH's. W. C. BEjSTET. attorney at LawdJ Law Kange, Abbeville C. H., S*C. | * OME MADE FERTILIZER. J ONG'S CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS, _?U i sold by E.PARKER. an. 16,1878. _ Agent. (Ju lor Young Gentlemen. *12 most stylish HATS, handsomes . CRAVATS and elegant SHOES, at ^ W. JOEL SMITH'S T [)etob?i'1711877, tf. Octc Southern Depot for Carraige MATERIALS! o$o ;, DiFRANKE, l.i7.?EETING STREET. site, ?prlesion Hotel. Charleston, 8. C. f3" - Dealer IS IS, SPOKE, RIMS, SHAFTS Etc Bolt*, flfthwhel*. etc. Horse Shoes and Nails. Bar Band and e Shoe Iron, Spring, Plow and Caatie .P.-vlnts. Oils, varnishes. Brashes, etc. Iiaslng direct from MANUFACTURERS hie to otFer my (roods at NORTHERN JE8. and always keeping a full stock on can Ml Ortot withilspaiek. | Nov. 1 1, 1977. [7 ~ 1877 w hQthra I "Nfrkji I 1 r? uivi \j i. j \ un \ji\ru\JLQ i i MO..2 GRANITE RANGE. - is km ILL Open her FALL AND WINTER STOCK of MILLINERY, EDNESDAY OCT. 3. Her Friends and Customers iL ftniUit to their INTEREST to Call Examine her Stock before Purduulng where.? ? connexion with the above will b4 the 8NT Tinder of competent Incifc, who ln*ore watismctlon laiaaltultin^ dresses. ' PATTERNS Always e n Hand. CI GEARING tuki Bfcafting AND BOLTS CHEAPER THAN EVEB BEFORE AT THE irest City Foundry and Machine Works, :0, p. 10J9BAR# & CO,, AUGUSTA, GA. ENGINES,COTTON SCREWS, 11 Gearing and Machinery OF ALL KINDS aafegfr1'"* r,^y rrinn'n PofVinW-sn Dill c, jr ci o vovuqj. wv jruio, r all the purposea of a Family Physics asapsM tisxn, Eruptions aad Skin Diseases, Biliousness, Dropsy, Tumors, "Worms, Neuralgia; as a Dinner Pill, for purifying the Blood, i stilUhe most thorough and search>'egitfrtitf|)^<D^?/that can be ployed: cleansing tne stomach' And ivels, and cveu the blood. In small ses of one pill a day, they stimulate s digejfttys.oigana andfirapwt^ vlgjus health. Oyer's Pills have been known for >re than a. quarter of. a century, and ra obtained a worldwide reputation their virtues. They correct dispel action in the several assimilae organs of the body, and are so mposed that obstructions within >ir range can rarely withstand or ndc them. Not only do they cure t'vcrj'iiay ouuiyiuiiivo u& v- ?v?j ? ciy, birt also-fohn Idable and dangcrs disea^ets that It&re baffled the best liuiqbn skill. While they produce werful effects, they are, at the same ie. the .safest and l)est physic for ildrciv r jBy their aperient action y grq^raughj leis than the common rgatives, and never give pain when > bowels are not inflamed. They ich the vital fountains of the blood, 1 strengthen tie system -by freeing from llie clemc'nts of weakness. Adapted to all ages and conditions all Climates, containing neither omel nor any deleterious drug, :.ie Pills may be taken with safety anybody. Their sugar-coating pre ves them ever fYcsh and make* $n: plc^ant -to takei; while being rely Vegetable,- no- Sarin can arise im their use In any quantity. ' rurxUD BT h C, AVER 4l CO., Lowell, Mass., Tactical aad AMljrtWal fhrnltU. J> V7 ALL DHUQOISTS ITUnTBUUL '.D.fiftner&flo Greenville, S. C., HOLESALE AND RETAIL "ill "> DEALERS IN ' )ORS,. SASH. BLINDS. &NTL$S AND SHINGLES, STAIR WORK, NEWELS, HAND RAIL AND BALUSTERS, ME, CEMENT AND LATHS ?tf (\r i r- r TEMPLES IMPROVED POCELAIN LINED PUMPS. lewer and Drain Piping. IE most complete establishment in the upper port of the State ftora which to ure BUILDERS MATERIALS. ass In any quantity 011 hand. nd lints for estlumun. aukful for thelibenil patronage of Abllo County conferred In the pant we rctfully request a continuance of the same. vm r> .U.iwower&t o Oreenville, S. C. s'ov. 14, 1377. 12m CIGARS. mble Bee, Home Again, Peculiar, Figaro. SLACK WELL'S rham Smoking Tobocco. CHEWING TOBACCO ? all kinds, from 10 cents to 50 cents a Plug, from 50 cents t? a $1.50 a id. PIPES. now lot of Fancy Tipesjcst received IAMES M. LAWSON. tober 17,1877, tf. NNINGHAM & TEMPIiETON nro making preparations to please the little folks lrfstmas. [Dec. 12,1877 tf Be in the fashion. IIS is the rca-son ft>r wearing them, those stylish HATS at W. JOEL SMITH'S. >ber 31, 1877.